, PKBBS* "ill 1' SUNDAYS EX.UJSPX£D) „11S »V. J OHN IT. gnt/TH FOURTH STEBET. . omly press, ' i,TEK Dou-abo Pee Abbe*. In cebts P»« Week, payablo to d to Subscribers oat of tbe city, ■' aeei'M- Pock Doi.i.are and Fiftt Two Boieabs asd Tmssrr 'beeMosths, invariably io adraiico its Inserted at the usual rate*. H.tVEKKtT PRESS, lerst fire DontABS Pbr AKttVUs la riiE AUTHOR OF OUDJO’S gave, WILL BE PUBLISHED I ABLY IN DECEMBER. J. E. TILTON & 00., , BOSTON. THE PRESS OP «. LIPPINCOTT & 00. il, KAUTZ’S 'NSW BOOK FOR SOLDIERS. STOMS OF SERVICE FOB riOTSSIOKED OFFICERS AND SOLDIERS; .1 .rok for the Eankiand File of the Army,show* •.m their rights and duties, how to obtain the 33-d perform the latter, and thereby enabling and Distinction in the service ’ttusUr. _ m OES. AU3TJST V. KAUTZ, U. S. A. ISmo. $1.25. Sothai who has a Boa lathe Army, every Lady • sFiUad or Brother in the service of the conn •i:d see that he is supplied with a copy. 15 ud Matlves of Soldiers cannot make a more ;%est than by sending them a copy of this • General 0. E. Wi RRBN says: ■ kok for all grades of. military men to hare— .:i in? rank and file their duties according to their it 'eat the foundation of the Art of War. ",’if Boston Journal: > fall aid explicit as to pay, duty, privileges, iioi, punishments, pensions, dec.» and is Just 'l for the common aoldier and the lower officer. * * li*r GeneTfll W. It. BLLIOT pronounces it— oi ttie be&t publications of the kind I have ever JUST PUBLISHED, • r AL FOR MEDICAL OFFICERS OF :m UNITED STATES ARMY, CHARLES R- QREENLEAF, M. D., Assistant Burgeon U. 8. Army, account of the daties of Army Snr« ill grades ; Medical Inspectors, Directors. r«, Staff Surgeons and Assistants, Regimental oficers and Contract Physicians: the manner :g Keports, sc., Ac. 12mo, $1.25. HKDOCH’S READINGS. '. T.sM IN POETBY AND PROSE; bain* se from Lectures and Patriotic Headings As! MURDOCH. ALSO, ®H T. BUCHANAN BBAD. GEOROE H. -i. fJtANCIS BB TFaES JaNV&B, and other ■Mithora, commemorative of the gallant deeds - ■- Defenders oo Land and Sea. 12rao. Cloth, -■•E, tt.SO. : Aork Is published for the benefit of Socle -- relief q f Soldiers and their families. LIBBY LIFE. EEXCES OP A PRISONER OP WAR IN I'M>. Va., 1863-04. By Lient. Col. P. P. Ca • s Y. 12mo. Jli.fiO. i •MAS' PRONOUNCING MEDICAL DICTIONARY. Medleal Dictionary, containing the t--‘«Uoa, Etymology, and Signification of the or in Medicine and the Kindred Sci * -ta an Appendix comprising a complete list •*®we Important articles of the Materia Medi na according to their medicinal properties; '•pliaatloa of the Latin lerma and Phrases oc - Anatomy. Pharmacy, Ac.: together with •Msajy directions for writing Latin Preßcrip- By J. Thomas, M. 2)., author of the : J * Pronunciation in “Lippincott's Pronouncing fi ' the World.** Bern! Bvo. Cloth, $3; VI. GOODWIN’S REPLY TO BISHOP HOPKINS. ■ciKS SLAVERY IN ITS PRESENT ASPECTS; a reply to a late work of the Bishop of Ver ier?. By Daniel R, Goodwin, O.D. ISmo. . W INJURIES OF THE NERVES. F.KI3S OB GUNSHOT WOUNDS AND OTHER ■ tsoj THE NERVES. By S W«if Mitchell, . R. Morehouse, M. 0.. end Willisni W. j'li l l'. S. Atm Jr Hospital, Wards for Injuries , d'' d Nerves, Turner’s Lane, Philadelphia. '"•Wh, *I.SO. IN PRESS SOH-TmZ’S SPEECHES. i'.-lEB OF MAJOR GENERAL CARL SCHURZ. llmo. _ ST. PAUL IN ROME. •:T'E£B delivered in the lection o? SITED STATEB-OF AMERICA IN SOME. By -Mu Butler, D, D,. Professor of Ecclealastie&l J>u the Divinity School, Philadelphia One 11l ’UTS COMPARATIVE GEO GRAPHY. OES OK COMPARATIVE GEOGRAPHY. By late Professor of Geography i& the Uat ;!*t Berlin, Traselated for the use of Semina- Colleges hy Rot. William L. Gage. One IV. STRATHMORE; ok, wrought by his own hand. BY "OCIDA,” HiH in Bandage; or, OranTille do Vi*ne. 1 & LIPPINCOTT & CO., PUBDISHEKS, JEVER’B NEW BOOK. NOW READY. S« Brt „ ..WOODOLIFFE, MoKEBVKB, author of “Edith's ■‘tbiia, UQ Bhiae, ’’ “The Flounced Bobei’’&a, t •"t volume, 12mo. WtS’K MW SDITIOSB OF - lvolume >2mo. ?lo™S T ? al8 Vinton. ISmp. „ “ w ™ ROBE, and What it Costa. By tie same author, MNDSAY & BLAKISTON, Publishen, No. SB South SIXTH Street. & EVANS, , (SuooßsaoEa to W p. Hazabd). „ _ No OH BBTNUT-Street, GOD ■Jt' 1 * aßB ‘ Relft t Bd hv himself. A Story of. '4f »S? ! S'> ( 'P®nion Places Befroehad. By Leigh feliT |7?M printed and bound. sfMiJPJ 4R P CONSERVATJOH OP FORCES. 11 Aki>?4 ay ' Liebig, and others. Second ®-SibJpi¥.!*SyL. Mariacm. «*■«*bTOaU W&- 8 HISTOKT OP THE ROMANB. # able. ‘ ffls fkb a aetiea, • rftgip- BAB «" MandltJ. A Tala of the Nlue illi .?UhTOO!«??B ! book of SPORTS AND SsfetatJd w ttntM’ of Sacred R »«try. f feda in every ’’tafiP] 1 of on lon* counters running the ':t ’;»'li«l ln ,X , 'S he , re ‘hoy can beezamlned ,4, »1 JoJaTltethetrlnepeetlon be “** ra »h ot purchasers. de3 , YOL. 8-NO. 110. HOLIDAY PRESENTS. CHABLES DPMMrGr, No. BIS CHESTNUT STREET, Begs leave to inform his esteemed customers that his present stock of FANCY GOODS AND TOYS fca.ll price. deS 31 Surpasses that of any former Importation. Haring se lected with care every article himself, he can truly say there is no similar establishment in the oonntrythat nan compare with his. ,As to prices, getting his gooderrom the first inannfaetorers and artists in Harojpe» those dealers who buy from the importers here to sell again ean certainly not compete with him. ’ PET!! Of the following goods he keeps so large a variety, and in sriohentirely new styles, as no other etore In this eity can offer: HABIBS’ WORK BOXES. JEWBLRY, ODOR, AND GLOVE BOXES. NBCESSABIE FOB LADIES ABO GENTLEMEN. WHITING DESKS, DRESSING OASES. FANS, PARIS GILT AND BRONZE GOODS. PARIAN WARS. .BOHEMIAN GLASS. 'VASES; OF .FINEST ANTIQUE AND MODERN. CUTLERY! FINEST ENGLISH WALKING CANES. CRICKET AND ABOBERY IMPLEMENTS. FANOT LEATHER GOODS. LADIES’ BAGS-OVER TWENTY DIFFERENT KINDS. CABAB, POCKET BOOKS, CIGAR. CASES. PURSES AND PORTMONNAIBS. . GAMES OF ALL HINDS CHESS, DOMINOES, LOTTOES, GRIBBAGE COUNTERS, CHESS, AND BACKGAM MON BOARDS. BAGATELLE AND TIVOLI. Autoblo- >tt’a Ante* i parts of dished tor laot&nan’a I in wtilaii iln was In- fill straggle rament be* r line should red. * '—City IN TOYS. - Thle Department is complete In every va riety known, with many novel thlngs never before Im ported. DoUe, the very large variety of every kind known, kept In this store, surpasses in beanty and taster ful dressing anything known hero and in Europe. This is no idle boast. Ladles should call and see them. deS-tde24 : , [vested with, itionil pride Blade 'ritten in tMa the reoord of «*. riHRISTMAS PRESENTS. V Whatconld be a more acceptable.Ohristmas Pre* FOB A GENERAL, , FOR A COLONEL, FOR A CAPTAIN, . FOR A LIEUTENANT, FOB A SURGEON. • than a handsome PRESENTATION SWORD. SASH, and BELT, such as can always be obtaised,in the high est artistic finish, at GEORGE W. SIMONS A BROS., Ksnnfectnring Jewelers, Sansom-stieet Hall, 610 SANSOM Street, Philadelphia? no2B-12t of sfngalar . contribution ly in oar own, Brooklyn. tfry will have ) permitted to >n first began Snob will be )tt will stand molest, and charmed with tens at the att rton. fine watches, jewelry, ■“ SILVER AND PLATED WARE, COBBER ARCH ABO TENTH STREETS. Brooches, Sleeve Bnttons, Armlets, Bracelet!, Sent Pins and Rtmsi&te Sets, Ice Pitchers, Waiters, Goblets, Forks. Spoons, Ac. JVgr Watches repaired and Warranted. Old 'Sold, Diamonds, and Silver bonaht. nol9-3m them: so eta loot mom.”— PASTY, 'AY, IT. Y. HOLIDAY CONFECTIONS. JJARE AND FASHIONABLE CONFECTIONS FOB THE HOLIDAYS, IN NEAT BOXES, , E. .Or. WHITMAN & OO.’S, del lm No. 318 CHESTNUT St., below Fourth.. pATOBANES’ commission houses. JJAZARD & HUTCHINSON, *O. 11» OmHWTOT BTSIWr. COMMISSION MEBOHANTSi Qyl-ftal- ~ raiLi-PBLPHIA- HAPB dOOPa. RETAIL DR* ROODS. £ILOTHB! CLOTHS! CLOTHS! W. T. SNODGRASS’ Has jnst received per latest importations a great stock of Woolens, including an extensive assortment of LADIES’ CLOAKINGS Ann GENTLEMEN'S COATINGS, Also* a ftUl stock of Sal AND NATE GOODS, AS FOLLOWS!!' • __ TELODBS, ALL SHADES AND PRICES. EBTTTIENNES, VERY BEAUTIFUL TB iS£lSf SgT AND HIGH FINISH. CASTORS, DRY AND HIGH FINISH. CZARINAS. HEAL SEDAN. ESQUIMAUX, SOFT FINISH. • ■ 6-4 DOESKINS, HEATY AND SOFT FINISH. CHINCHILLAS ALL COLORS. FROM *S TO SIX NOBBY COATINGS. LATEST STJLBS. DARK BLOT, CLOTHS. LIGHT BLUE CLOTHS. INDIGO BLUE PILOTS. INDIGO BLUB BEATERS. CASTORS. HIGH FINISH. " TELTET FINISH BEATERS. BILK BACK BEATERS. „ . . 3-4 and ft 4 INDIGO BLUE FLANNELS. 6-4 LIGHT BLUE FLANNELS • _ „ _ And all kinds of Cloihs. Oassimeres, and 7«tmg*< Oyercoatiiigs, Cloakings, and all goods pertaining tc ike doth trade. ' des»lia 8. 1. NEEDLES EMBROIDERIES, VEILS, HANDKERCHIEFS* <*o. ip tvenr variety and at BEDTOBD fflOM. BWkBUIiIOK THE FAIL TBADB. CILKB AND OTHER GOODS, FOR S 3 ETENING DRESSES. White and Pearl Corded Bilks. White and Light Colors Moire Antiques. White. Pearl, and Lavender Silks. Pink, Bine, and Buff SUhs. Wine Colors Watered Silks. Wine Colors Moire Antiques. White Alpacas White Preach. Muslins, Aeu - ■ . -BDWIN HAT4II & CO*» des sa© South bECOSD Street. HBTEEL & SON HAVE NOW . open a large and choice assortment of Hal and winter dress goods. Plain Merinoee, ftl.fS to *6. FlalnPopUna, Plaid Merinoea andPopline, Plain and Plaid SUk Popline, Plain and Figured Mohair PopUne, uid a great variety of new and choice Drew Goodi. an COST OF IMPORTATION. SILKS —Of all ktnde, a great variety, iron W cent* ••"""WBwßmnm.,, „ SHAWLS-rA large aaeortment, at a email advanae *eettf* "‘taratii 7X5 North TENTH Street. TJARQAINB! BARGAINS 1 JD 1,000 Tarda Linen Crash, atl2Kc. LOGO yards Linen Crash. atl2Ka 3lota of heavy White Flannel, at SB«e. Sloteoi Engileh Flannel, atWXe. 8 lots of all-woe 1 Kannel, ats6>£e. I respectfully call the attention of Hospitals and the 11 Ladies’ Aid Society to these Flannel*, aether are a teTgala ' ToalMnltrlk -REP POPLINS. XV Solid colors, extra flue quality, for *2. Plaid Poplins of nnusnalbeauty, at *2. Good quality wide plaid Poplins, $1.26. Pirnrsd reps, Mohairs, and Merfnoes. 127 pieeee newest unique American Delames, some ofthem choice and neat, others ceryjray stripe. Oyer 100 pieces American prints, 31,35,88. and 40 ots. Black Mohairs and Alpacas, 6.1 etc to $1.75. Balmorals, fresh lot formisses,maids, and matrons. Cloaks and Shawls in Cloak room. Cloak display unusually^ B. B. Cor. BIBTH and WfAßggT 8t». yiGOK lOK THE WEAK. 810 K BENE; 08. LIFE EE JUT EF A TOR. The wt of this poworfailinvlgorantmay to summed Bp in a few words. It relieves, with absolute certainty, all physical d lsaMUtiea ; cures nervous debility of every type* restores the exhausted animal powers after long continued sickness; prevents and arrests premature de cay; is a 'vitalizing, strength-renewing cordial to the aged; may be relied upon by woman In all her physical difflctiltlea.as a harmless and snre restorative; is an an tidote to the consequences of early indiscretion in both senes • can be relied upon as a specific for paralysis, par tial or entire; has no equal as a stomachic, in oases of dvßoensla- sustains not only the physical strength, bat the eeostttoMnn Itself, and-Is in all respects the best tonic decorative and anti-billons cordlalin existence. Sold bWOHNSTON, HOLLOWAY, & COWDEN, Ho. 23 North SIXTH Street, Philadelphia. One Dollar per Bottle, or six Bottles for *5. Bold by Druitfists generally. . Sent by Bxpress anywhere, fcy adaresainf HUTCHIUGS A HILLYBB, Proprietors, dse-tnthsSm fp Ho. 81 CEDAB Street, New Yorlc WOOD, WOOD/WOOD. —OA.K, PINE, W. HICKORI WOOD, formal TIHB- STHRET • .prieet ■ , noSO-lm* THE HOLIDAYS* HABBISON JARDEN. SUITABLE FOB PRESENTS FAMILY USE, FRESH EVEBY DAY, SCALES. g.CALES WAREHOUSE, 71S GHESTSOT STREET. »0* TBX UU 0* CLOTH HOUSE, 34 South SECOND Street, 33 STRAWBERRY Street. 103* CHESTNUT STREET.. IS »AILT SSOBITDIO NOVELTIES LACKS, WHITE GOODS. ~ loam CHMytTf STBBBT. CURTAIN ROODS. ALRAVEN. NOVELTIES , IN RICH CURTAIN GOODS, WINDOW SHADES, AND FURNITURE COVERINGS. WALK ATEN, ’ KASONICSTMI,^ Tl» CHESTNUT STREET. ■> . i' CHESTNUT STREE 1 (XURTAIN STORE-. 1026 CHESTSUT STREET. BROOATELLE CURTAINS. COTELINE CURTAINS; TERRY CURTAINS.. MUSLIN CURTAINS. SATIN DE LAINE CURTAINS. REP CURTAINS. LACE CURTAINS, AND * WINDOW SHADES. Oni workmanship is unsurpassed. O. BL STOUT & 00., 1036 CHBSTJTOT Street SEWDfe MiCHNES. THE “FLO RE NOE”—AMERICAN A INVENTORS' GREAT TEIUMPH—THB SEWING MACHINE PERFECTED—AII the objections to other Machines are overcome in the FLORENCE. It makes FOUR DIFFERENT STITCHES with the same ease, and with as little machinery as others make one. Be sides, it has the REVERSIBLE FEED MOTION-a nnl lorm, self-regulating tension of thread and no springs, cog' wheels, or cams to get ont of order. It does ALL KINDB OF FAMILY SEWING, from the heaviest Woolens to the most delicate fabrics, nsins all kinds of silk, cotton, and linen thread, from No. 20. to 200. NO OTHER MACHINE does so large a range of work SS the FLORENCE. ' NO OTHER MACHINE pleases the ladies so well as the FLORENCE. More than ONE THOUSAND of the FLORENCE have keen sold In Philadelphia within the last few months. The FLORENCE is the only PERFECT FAMILY SEW ING MACHINE, warranted to give entire satisfaction, or money retained. There is no one who owns a FLORENCE that would sell it at cost. Call and see its operations, whether yon wish to pur chase or not. Samples of sewing, with price list, sent free by mail. FLORENCE SBWING MACHINE COMPANY, noBS-tf 630 CHESTNUT Street. •^ILLCOX SEWING MACHINES, 715 CHESTSTCT STi _ MBCHMT TA][LOltS. ~/■ . 1864 a 1864. B O. THOMPSON, fashionable tailor. H.E. Corner Seventh and Walnut Streets, PHILADELPHIA. H. B. Bavin* obtained a celebrity for enttlmt GOOD-FITTING PANTALOONS,^. Haklnc it ft specialty In my hnelneas for tome yean past, U is thought of sufficient importance to announce the fact in tils mannerto the public, so that thoee who are dissatisfied may know of my method, and riye me a trial, o'«Z7-tha4u-Jm gDWABD P. KELLY, JOHN KELLY, TALLOBS, SIB CHESTNUT STREET, Will from this date (October: 3d) sell at REDUCED PRICES, yon v CASH. mW ' ■ STATIONERY Ji BLANK BOOKS. OIL, MIKING, COAL, AND OTHER V JEW COMPANIES. We are prepared to famish Hew Corporations with all the Boohs they require, at short notice and low prices, of first duality. All styles of Binding. STEEL FLATS OERTIFIOATBS-OF STOCK, LITHOGRAPHED '• " TRANSFER BOOK, ORDERS OF TRANSFER, STOCK LEDGER, - STOCK LKDGHRBALANCBB. f REGISTER OF CAPITAL STOCK. BROKER'S PETTY LEDGER; ACCOUNT OF BALES, DIVIDEND BOOK. MOSS Sc CO„ BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURERS AHD STATIONERS, selS-tf dag CHESTNUT Street. t CARPETS AND OIL-CLOTHS. 1864. FMIL 1864. GULKINEOHQ DULLS, SSBMAHTOW*. MpOALLUM As 00., OABJgjrT WAREHOUSE, ••• CHESTNUT BTBEET. seH-«m ' PHILADELPHIA. , 1864; 1864. HoCALLUM A GO., RETAIL DEPARTMENT. w . •U CHESTNUT BTKIIT. Hll-tm OPPOBITE IHDEPEHDEHCE HALL. CANTON MATTINGS. JUST RECEIVED, A LARGE INVOICE OF FINB COCOA. MATUNGS. MoOALLUM & 00,, REMOVAL. B. J. WILLIAMS, MANUFACTURER of J ,i VENETIAN BLINDS AHD ( WINDOW SHADES, BEHOVED from Ho. IS (in consetmence of fire) to No. 35 North Sixth Street, Where he will be very (lad to see his customers and friends', until hi« old establishment Is rebuilt. n02911t niABS SHADES, OVAL. VA” GLASS SHADES. ROUND. ’ GLASS SHADES. SQUARE. FERNERY’S . GLASSWARE OF SLL DESCRrPTIONS. ? • HARTELL & LBTOHWORTH. no2B-lm Ho. 39 North FIFTH Street. PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1864. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 as Interpreted hy their Authors, no Caw or right for nullification, SCISSION, OR SECESSION. HOW THE RESOLUTIONS WBRB RBOPOBED—MADI SON'S ASH JEFFERSON>S E VIDENO a AGAINST SE- The following is an Investigation of the claim set upby certain modern politicians, that the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions sustain, or;countenance: the new-fangled doctrines of nullification, scission, or secession. -.z~ i. r.,;r Thh Virginia resolutions - drawn by Mr. Madison, and offered by John Taylor, of Caroline, In 1798. ' _ In the debate-on their adoption he olalmed for them that they only advocated the repeal of the alien and sedition laws, and Messrs. Brooke, Cowan, Oureton, MagUl, G. K. Taylor, and Can. Henry I.eo, who opposed them, did so chlefiy on the ground of their tendenoy to bring the Government and laws Into disrepute, and excite the people to In snbordinatlon. Thronghont the, discussion, no one objected to them that they would lead to a dissolu tion of the Union. , t Mr. Madison again and again complained. that they had been wrested from their, true meaning by the Sovtti CarolinanuUifiers, In support of their po litical heresy. That they went no further than' a request to Congress to repeal the obnoxious laws, or in case of refusal to obtain an.amendment of the Constitution prohibiting the enactment of similar laws. The "Legislature subsequently virtually re. pealedtoem by adopting a preamble and resolution to the effect that the Supreme Court of the United States had jurisdiction to decide disputes between the State and Federal judiciary. It has been very satisfactorily shownby Mr. Mans field that not a single other State -responded favo rably to the proposed amendment, as set forth in the resolutions. Kentucky, it is ..true, had passed si milar-resolutions, hut received the-same negative replies. The Kentucky resolutions were penned by Mr. Jefferson, and offered by Mr. John Breckinridge the same year.. The next year-resolutions were passed which went to justify nullification, but with them Mr. Jefferson had nothing to do. Fortunately for the memory of that great statesman,- a contem poraneous letter from hinj to Mr. Taylor denounces the heresy of disunion, In which he says: "If, on a temporary superiority of one party , the other resort to scission, no Federal Goevmment cm exist.” Well might his friends complain ghat the nnUifiafs made ills name the pedestal of then colossal heresy. The Constitution emphatically declares, “this Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme lavs of the land,” , JOBS TATLOK OB CAROLINE— MADISON'S VIBW OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY—THE RESOLUTIONS VIR- The third,of the series of resolutions offered by Mr. Taylor, in the Virginia legislature, December, 1798,’was as fellows: * “ This Assembly doth explicitly and peremptorily declare that It views the powers of the Federal Go vernment, as resulting from the compact to which the States axe parties, as limited by the" plain sense and intention of the Instrument constituting the compactand that In case of a deliberate, palpable, and dangerous exerolso of other powers not granted by the said compact, the States, who* are the partieß thereto, have the right, and are In duty bound, to Interpose for arresting the progress of the evil, and for maintaining within their respective limits thd authorities,- rights, and liberties appertaining to them.”"- " The report of the debate, though brief, gives us a olear contemporaneous exposition of this ’resolu tion. Mr. Taylor was versed in all the subtleties of States Bights. He was too honest a man,to mlsfe* present his own views as to the effect of. the "resolu tions. He closed the debate on their adoption tons : “ He did sot admit or contemplate tliat a conven tion would be called. He only said that if .Con gress, upon being-addressed to hav&.these laws re p’ealed, should persist,.they might, by a convention of the States, be compelled to tall a convention.", . • In his letter to Mr. A. H. Hverett, August,-18S0, Mr. Madison says of the Constitution: "It was formed by-the States, that is, . bys-the people in each of (he States, acting in their highest, sovereign capacity, and formed consequently by the same authority which formed the Stale Constitutions: “Being thus derived from the same source as the Constitutions of the Stateß, it has, within each State, the same authority as the Constitution of the State, and Is as much a Constitution, In the strict sense of the term, within Its .prescribed sphere,.-as are the Constitutions of the States within their re spective spheres; but with this obvious and essen- tial difference, that being a compact among the States In their highest sovereign capacity, and con stltntlng the people thereof one people for certain pnrposesj'lt cannot be altered or- annulled at the .will of tbs States indlvldally, as-the Constitution of a State may be at Its Individual will.” To Mr. Cabell, In 1831, be writes: «I know not whence the Idea could proceed that I concurred In the doctrine that although a State could not nullify a law or the Union, It had a right to seoede frpm the Union. Both spring--ftom the same poisonous root.” And in 1882 to Mr. Trlst: “If-one State oan at will withdraw from the others, the others can, at will, withdraw from her, and-turn her nolentem volentem put of the Union. Until of late, there Is not.» State that would have abhorred such a doc trine more than. South Carolina, or more dreaded an application of it to herself.'- Sofaras the authority of the Legislature gave currency to the resolutions, that sanction was in effect revoked In their action upon the resolutions of the legislature of Pennsylvania for resisting the judgment of the .United States Court in the Olm stead case. The report leas follows : “The committee to whom was referred the com munication Atom the Governor of Pennsylvania, covering certain- resolutions of the Legislature of that State, proposing an amendment to the Consti tution of the United States by the appointment of an Impartial tribunal, to decide disputes between State and Federal judiciary, have had the same un der consideration, and are of opinion that a tribu nal Is already provided by the Constitution of the United States, to wit: the Supreme Court. " The creation of such a tribunal ps has been pro posed by Pennsylvania would, In the opinion of your committee, tend to Incite rather than pre vent collisions batween the Federal and State courts. ■, ; - :\ “ Resolved, therefore, That the Legislature of this State do disapprove ol the amendments of the Con stitution of, the United States proposed by Jbh® Legislature of Pennsylvania.” January 23,1810.— Agreed to- unanimously by the House of Delegates. ' January 23,1810.— Agreed to by the Senate unani mously. PBBSIDBMT MADISON'S WARNING AND PRBDIC- ‘ With tie voice of wisdom and prophetic warning, Mr Madison, three-quarters of a century since, ad dressed his countryman against this very doctrine of State rlghtß, as now understood by latltudlna rlan politicians: “I sujjmlt to yon, my fellow-citizens, these con siderations, In full confidence that the good sense which has so often marked your decisions will allow them dne weight and effect; and that you will never ‘ suffer difficulties, howcver y formidable in appearance, orhowever fashionable the error on which they may be founded, to drive you into the gloomy, and perilous scenes into which the advocates for disunion would drive you. Hearken hot to the unnatural voice which tells you that the people of America, knit together as they are by so many chords of affection, eaa no longer live together as members of the same family; can no longer continue the mutual guardians of their mutual happiness; ean no longer be fellow-citiaens of one great, respectable, and flourishing empire. Hearken not to the voice which petulantly tells you that the Government recommended ' for your adoption is anoveUyin the political worlds that it never yet had a place in the theories Of the wild est projectors; that it rashly attempts what it is impos sible to accomplish. No, my countrymen, shut your ears against such unhallowed language. If novel ties are to be shunned, believe me the most alarm ing of all novelties, the mostwild of all projects, the most rash of all attempts, Is that of rending us In pieces, In order to preserve our liberties and pro-; mote our happiness.” Forty years later, and after having with eminent ability and dignity filled the highest .offices within his country’s gift, he again counselled his fellow oltlzens against the evils now brought upon our country by wicked and dlßloyal men. «in all the views that may be taken of questions between the State Governments and the General Government, the awful consequences of ft Anal rup ture and dissolution of the Union should never for a moment be lost sight of. Suoh aprospeot must be deprecated—must be shuddered at by every friend of hlB country, to liberty, to the happiness of man. For in the event of a dissolution of the Union an impossibility of ever renewing It is brought home to every mind by the difficulties encountered In estab lishing It. The propensity of all communities to divide, when not pressed Into unity by external dangers, Is a truth well understood. The happy union of theße Stateß Is a wonder; their Constitu tion a miracle; their example the hope of liberty throughout the world. Wo to the ambition that would meditate the destruction of either.” Again, near the close of his long and Illustrious career: “It is net probable that this offspring of the dis contents of South Carolina will ever approach suc cess In a majority of the States. But a susceptibility . of the contagion In the Southern States Is visible, ■ and the danger not to he concealed, that the sympa thy arising from knowncanßes, and the inculcated Impression of a permanent Incompatibility oflnte. ' rests between the Seuth and the North, may.put it in the power of popular leaders, aspiring to the highest stations, to unite the South, on some critical ffcarion, 809 CHESTNUT Street TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1864. STATE SOVEREIGNTY, CESSION. ■ TUALLY REVOKED, in a covfselfhat wm end ip creating a new theatre, of great though inferior extent. . ■ln pursuing this course ,' the fret end most is null if cation, thenext secession , and the last a farewell separation.” ir. THB OLD STATES CONFEDERATION COMPARED WITH THE SOUTHERN AND .THE,GERMANIC OONPKDE RACY." ■ }:" ‘ ; " - i i The old articles of confederation deolareHhat the “ States hereby severally enter into a firm league of Mendshipwlth each other,”. They formed a league, a UeglelaSpre actlng upon sovereignties, like the Germanic "Diet, without power to enforce Its de crees, mad without union except at the win of the parties. /It was powerless for Government and a rope of sfipd for Union. It was to escape from that - hopeless hhd tottering Government that the present Djmstituliion' was firmed, pphen the Federalist urged the adoption of tile Constitution, It clearly set foithtkesed elects as follows: ‘SThe groat and radical vice In the Constitution of the existing confederation la the principle of legislation ftp . States or Governments, in their oobp'oeatb or oollbotivb capacities, as cohtradlsttngolshedirqm the individuals of wSom 'they' * ‘ “ fhe rundameirt^r Jdefect of the confederation was that Oongrejs.waspaot authorised to aet Immedi ately on thp; people and by Its own officers. The power was Only requisftory, and their requisitions wereJaddreSsed to thOieveral Legislatures, to be by them carried Into exertion, without other ooerclon thanithe moral principle of duty. This allowed, in fact, a negative on every measure proposal negative so frequently ester* cUeddif jpractdei a* to C&numb the notion of Use ' Fete* rat Up/ernment, and .to render. It Inefficient In Its jfmM Objects, and more especially in pecuniary ■; • . A recent British writer, speaking of the Germanic Confederation, sajA’l'The fundamental principle on wfitch It rests, thaj the Empire is a community of sovereigns ; (hat is a represetdalion of sove reigns; ani&atmelatos areaidresseed to sovereigns, renders th% a nerveless body, incapable of regulating lnsecure against ex ternal dangem,’’ and subject to constant Internal agitations.,-.. ‘ * Such, nndor■ of Confederation, was the Government of the United States—such is the Germanic Confederation; and even worse Is the so called Southern Confederacy, kept together by the {treasure of the rebeiiiop, hut when that pressure is removed, mast fall to pieces like any other league or mere partnership. CHIOK COMP ABED 'yvi'SH OONFEDEKATIOH—RE-' MASKABLE TKSTIM&KT OP WASHIMQTOH, PINOK * KBTj VATBIOK HEH-EY, ACTS ABDBSW JAOKSOH. ; k;To torn » more werfeot Union” was tie object of ourpresent Constitution. It acts upon indi viduals. It byitsown officers. And It is a less than revolution —shoeeSsful reTOlufion—oah destroy it. It ban been pranebhced the. most perfect firm of Government aver formed by uninspired men. . o. 6. Pibokcey, the distinguished statesman, himself one of the framers or the Constitution, said, ‘f .The separate independence and individual sovereign ty of the several Slates were never thougluof by the en lightened of if allots wttefihmed’the Constitu fieri; the eeveptt SMtetriitre not even mentioned byname inanypart Of , * >*. • *' . * 4ln Bubmittlng' , '|he '‘Constitution to Congress, Washington' bays r “In all onr ; deliberations on this subject, we kept steadily in onr, view that whloh appears to ns the greatest interest of every true American, -tSi"eff»eoihia(ithe/Uegisfature of that State by Sr. JohnsliSekiniidge, Nor. 8,17*8, tbe last of which Is a* follows:' “ That thesevSrM |>tates, composing the United 'States of Amerlca.arenot united oh the principle of unlimited submission to the general Govern ment, but that by’a.; compact under the style of a Constitution for the United States, and of amend ments thereto, they constituted a General Govern ment for special purposes, delegated to that Go vernment certain definite powers, reserving each State to Itself the residuary mass of right to their own self-governmept),and that whenever the Gene ral powers, Its acts are nnauthoritaflvej void, and of no .force; that to this compact each- State acceded as a State, and Is an integral party ; and its co-States forming, as to Itself, the other 1 party; and the Oofornmeift, createdby.this compact; was not made the exclusive or final judge of the the powers delegated to Itself, since that would have made its discretion, and not the Constltuttpn, the measure of its powers; hut that, as in all other cases of compact among powers having no common jndge, each party has an equal right to judge-for itself as well of infractions as of the mode and measure of redress.” The Legislature, li pissing these resolutions, had .no idea of extending tftejn to justify nullification or secession. There was a subsequent resolution passed the next year, which Went to that extent, hut with that Mr. Jefferson had tfotblng to do. “It la remarkat>ie, I ’lsi.yß Mr.‘ Madison, “how closely the rmlllfietfl, .who make the name ol Mr- Jefferson the pedestal*for their colossal heresy, shat their eyes and llpswhenever Mb authority la ever so clearly against them. Ton have observed what he sayß in his letters to Mepßra. Monroe and Oarring ton (pages S 3 and 208, T01..U.) with respect to the powers of the old Congress, to coerce delinquent Slates, , and hie reason for preferring for the purpose a naval to a military force; and,.moreover, that it was not necessarytofind a rlghuto coerce to the federal ' articles—that being inherent In the nature of the compact.” At the very time he p&ned the Kentucky resolu tions ho was with Mr. Taylor, the mover and advocate of?the Virginia resolutions. * He then Mo»£>i)le*rly foresaw the evils and calami ties secession, or*, as heitermed it, scission, would Ihevltably bring -upon ctr country. The iblly of. the dootrlne is pertinently portrayed. The,fetter is dated JM lWh " “In evefißiree and. deliberating soolety there must, frofeiaainatureof ,pian, be opposite parties; and violent' dissensions -and discords 5 and' of: these, for the mosfe part, must prevail ovor the “ other for a longer or shorter time. Perhaps this party dlvlsloh is necessary to induoe each to - watch ahd/jilateto the people the proceedings Of the otherlOßut. if on a temporary superiority of the one party the other is to resort to a scission of the Union, joo Federal Government: can ever exist. “.If to rtd.ourselves of thel present;, role of MasSa&nsetts and .Connecticut we break the Union’, wlll the evil stop there 1 Suppose the. , New Hngland Sfeteß alone out off, will our natures' be changed 1 Are we not men still to the south of : that, and with all the passions of men 1 Immedi ately we shall see a Pennsylvania and a Virginia party arise in the residuary Confederacy, and the; public mind will he distracted with the same party spirit. What a game, tooj?will the one party have in theirhands, ib; eternally threatening the- other that, unless they do so and so, they will join their Northern neighbors 1 r In 1830, when nullification was rearing its-direful head, and beginning to take tangible shape and fea. tores, its advbjiatei proposed to turn the great name of Mr. Jefferßon to good account, by celebrating the anniversary of hls birthday, April IS, by a public dinner. Gen. Jackson, on that occasion, gave his . celebrated toast, “Own Fbdeb-al TJkion ; it must , BErRI!BSBVBP.” , ....... T. F. The Oemciai, Vote ih Massachusetts bob Prbbidbhtiai, Elec Tons.—The Committee of the Execntive Connell, to whom were referred the re turns of-the votes for Eleotors of President and Vice President of the" United States, report the number of votes to be as follows: At large, Edward Everett, of Boston, I?WL«s Whiting Griswold, of Green field, 126,636 5 Robert O. Wlnthrop,of 805t0n,48,74? Erasmus D. Beach, of Springfield, 48,688. It will be seen that the plurality of,the Republican votefer Mr. Everettewho heads the ticket, over Mr. Win: throp, who heads the Democratlo ticket, Is 78,000, lacking three votes. The vote for the District Electors Is substantially the.same, although in some Instances several thousand votes were lost by a transposition or names of the candidates. For in stance, Abraham Jackson, of Boston, the Demo cratic candidate In the . Fourth, district, received 13,017 voteß as of the Third district; Geo. L. Davis, the Republican candidate In -the Sixth district, re ceived 6,296 votes as of the-Flfth district; John G. WMttler, the Repnbllean candidate in the Fifth dis trict, received 5,295 votes as of..the*Slxth'distrlct; 11,486 voted' were oast for Andrew Pierce as of the Fourth dlatrlot, instead of Andre# Pierce, Jr., the Democratic candidate In ;the Third.district 8,043 votes woiß-caßt for Wm. D. Swan as of the Second district. Instead offer John Wilsdn, the regular Dei mooratio candidate, Mr. Swan hkylng died before the election. Theso orrors were caused by- those en trusted wlththe preparations Of Journal, Mi, 30, ' TBE REBEL PAPERS. SHERMAN’S LINE OF MARCH. Naval Activity from Charleston. THE PEACE AliD RECONSTRUCTION TOPIC. From our correspondents at the front we have re. oelved Richmond exchanges of December Ist and 2d .The doubtful tone still prevails concerning General ■Sherman’s movement, and the public opinion of re beldom is preparing Itselffor. theohanoe of defeat. The topic ol peace still survives; as will be seen by -the, resolutions of the rebel Congress. SHERMAN'S MARCH—FIGHT AT OOONKB BRIDGE. In printing the extracts from the Savannah pa pers, the Sentinel remarks: "We omit tome items, the publication of which in the Georgia papers truly surprises vs. What are the ■editors thinking about 1 Why do Aot the generals caution them ! The Savannah Republican of the 26th of November gives a telegram to Gen. Hardee, to the effect that, 1 Major Hartrldge had driven the enemy back across the Oconee river,’ a piece of Information about as valuable as the stories In vogue at the time of Lee’s Penn ! sylvania Invasion, thatOaptaln So-and-so had driven the enemy from Chambersburg. Tbe rebel Gen, Wayne was in command at Oeoneo Bridge on Ihe 26th, says the Savannah Republican— the main body of Sherman’s.army thirteen miles west of Saunders viile, moving rapidly and spreading devastation, the rebel cavalryman, Wheeler, crossing eighteen miles below Oconee Bridge to aid its defence. Oconee Bridge is upon the Georgia Central Rail road, which extends between Savannah and Macon, and is one hundred and ninety miles long, crossing the river Oconee at Toombßboro, thirty-six miles east of Macon. Mllledgevtlie is on the Ooonee river, twenty miles above Toombsboro. ‘ THE MOVEMENT PROM MILLEDGBVILLLB—SLOCUM'S The force that captured Milledgevllle left .on the night of the 23d, after “ burning the State House and Penitentiary (i). Slocum’s corps had been ope rating on the Georgia road up to the night of the 22d. His entire column had gone down the west side of the river, indicative of an at tempt to pass by Augusta, and slipping be tween it and Macon, plunge towards the sea by Sa vannah or Brunswick. THE LINK OF SHERMAN’S MARCH AND STRATEGY. The “ Georgia road” is the railroad that leads from Augusta to Atlanta. This road also crosses; the Oconee river at a point about thirty miles above Milledgevllle, and about ninety miles west of Au gusta. “The country between Warrenton and Sparta,’’.spoken of before as “one universal bog,” lies on both sides of the Ogeeehee river, a. conside rable stream, which flows parallel tothe Oconee and Savannah rivers, and about midway between them. The Ogeeehee, we believe, Is pretty generally Banked by marshes. The army of Sherman came down from Atlanta, between the Oconee and the Oemulgee rivers, the two streams which, a hundred miles from the coast, form the Altahama. The general direction of these rivers is south southeast. The tiemnigee lathe more westerly. Macon Is on the west bank of the Oo mnlgee, so that, to occupy it, Sherman would have had to cross'that stream. MllledgevlHe being on the west side of the Ooonee, Interposed no siich dif ficulty to its occupation. A maroh upon Savannah or Augusta implies the crossing of both the Ooonee and Ogeeehee. rivers. It Is at the crossing of the former to whleh the above operations refer. If Au gusta and Savannah both be avoided, and am inter mediate line leading to Charleston be adopted, it will Involve the crossing also of the Savannah, the Combahee, and the Edlsto rivers, besides numerous smaller streams. X.ATEB REPORTS. General Wayne Is said to have whipped Kilpa trick at Ooonee Bridge, and reports that he Is “ aide to take eare of himself.” Wheeler “ has Intercept ed his enemy, and is giving him no rest.” Seven hundred prisoners were captured by his cavalry. Governor Brown was in Macon* where a small Union force had been met and repulsed. OMINOUS PREPARATIONS NEAR CHARLESTON. The Charleston Mercury has a theory that neither Beaufort' nor Savannah Is the haven -for which Sherman is aiming, but that he designs moving on Charleston, and gives the following os its reasons: “They are’busy in mortar mounting and prepara tions,-and have brigade drills. They have buoyed out Bull’s Bay not far to the northward. They have a fleet of some dozen monitors at Port Royal; and somewhere on the Atlantic.coast a dozen find a half more, Including ships like the Ironsides,and Dicta tor; these preparations indicate'an attack on Charleston by the water approach. The signs are confirmed' by the - statements of northern papers that Charleston Is the point desired and aimed at:” PROCEEDINGS OF THE .REBEL CONGRESS—THE PLO- AFFAIR. . Wednesday, Nov. 80, the following resolutions wore adopted: Resolved, That the seizure of the Confederate war steamer Florida hr tho United States steam sloop of war Wschusett, In the bay of Bahia on the lihOotobsr last, was a flagrant ontrageupon the territorial sove reignty of Brazil, vlo. ative of the rights of- this Govern ment in neutral waters, in disregard of the law at na tions, and therefore a wrong done to every civilized maritime Power. - Resolved , That it was the duty of Brazil, under the iaw of nations, to protect the property of the Confede rate States, whilst within its territory, against the hos tile acts of every Power; and having failed te give Buoh protection, that that Government is bound to enforce the restitution, in state:, ipso, of the steamer Florida, bv the authorities of the United States to the.authorities of the Confederate States, in the bay. of Bahia, where it was unlawtully captured. THE PEACE DISPOSITION—CONVOCATION OP THE REBEL STATES. ... Tho following was proposed liy JUr: s Fdote, bnt In differently received: : - - ' Mr. Foote offered tho following resolution : Resolved', That however justifiable it might be, !n a cage of " intolerable oppression, ” for any one 01 more of these States to withdraw from the existing Confede rative Dnion, yetthereia no:hingln the present con dition of public affairs to justify such extreme action, and that it -would be alike unwise ana unpatriotic for any one of said States, or any number of them less than the whole, to make a separate peace with the common enemy, or to engage in movements looking to such a result, bnt that it is unquestionably allow able for aaid States, in their hiehest sovereign capacity, to sonfer together, in general'convention or other-: Wise, in a manner not repugnant to thaornanieeom pact, for the-purpose of imparting to their common’ agent, the Confederate Government, each additional ipowers as may he needed for the eitleient prosecution of the pending war for independence'; or with a view to amplifying, so far as may be judged needful, the existing treaty-making, powers of said feovbrnment, in order to secure as early a cessation of hostilities and restoration ofpeace as would be compatible with the honor, the safety, and tie permanent happiness of the people of said Confederate States. PBBSOHAX HATTERS. Should Sherman capture. Augusta, and all who are in It, 1 be will secure a windfall of distinguished captives. Johnston, Beauregard, and Hardee are there, with Brigadiers Wright (Lieutenant Gover nor of Georgia), Chestnut (ex-Senator), Blanchard, Garret, and a number more without commands. Major General Ransom Is'at Charleston. George D. Frentice, of the Louisville Journal,: Is In Rlohmond, by permission of the United States, on a visit to his son in the rebel service, Lieutenant Colonel Clarence D. Frentice. . ' - : , GKANT IN PHILADELPHIA. [From.the Richmond Whig, Dee. 1.3 “My G-S there Is General Grant!” This em -phatio, but slightly profane, exclamation escaped he lips of a soldier one day.last week in Pliiladel pkla, on seeing the Lieutenant General of aU the Yankee.armles passingalong Chestnut .street. If the exelted'soldler had announced that a resnsol tatedmegatherlum, or a revivified Incarnat&lohthy osanras was at that moment perambulating the fashionable thoroughfare of thePennsy Iranian me tropolis, astonishment could not have been-more rife In the popular soul, or Incredulity In the popular mind. That the valorous hero of fifty glorlouadefeats, and as many magnificent failures, should make Ms -appearance, not standing “’mong men like a de scended GOd,” but In a rough overcoat, with outside pockets, Ms heroic hands being thrust into the same, a slouched hat drawn hard down over Ms military eyes, and a cigar in Ms martial mouth, was some thing well calculated to excite the skepticism of even the moribund PMladelphlans. It was “Mgh lnneh time ” in .the Quaker City, and the thrifty Inhabitants thereof were solacing themselves,with /pickled oysters when the- startling, announcement was made, that General Grant was passing along Chestnut street, like “any. other man.” m 'the twinkling of an eye, so we are Informed by the Philadelphia Press, the restaurants and saloons were 'emptied; an excited and inquisitive multitude poured Into the street; the neighboring districts heard the cheers of the cfewftjMd caught np the cry; from -the centreto the* extremities of the city the rumor spread ; from Kensington, Spring Garden, Moya mousing, and Northern Liberties poured the anxious and inquiring human stream; such agitation, such commotion, suoh excitement had never before been seen In PMladelphfer-not since the day when the amiable inbabltaats.ajjuused themselves with burn ing churches and rbast&g Romanists. Merchants, mendicants/ and mechanics; brokers, bakers, and hankers; printers, players, and pickpockets; offi cers and oystermentailors and tobacconists; sol diers, seamstresses, and sailors; oooks, courted sans, and clergymen; Jews and Gentiles—mingled In the tumultuous, surging ocean. The General was caught and nearly suffocated In the rushing tide. At one moment he was carried off his legs; at another Ms arms were -.nearly wrenched from their sockets; and then Ms greatcoat, barely escaped being swept away.. Bnt, In the meantime, the Lieutenant General was as cool as a encumber or an icicle. Not to quail before a Philadelphia mob, hhd he triumphed lnglorlously at Spottsylva- Ela. and failed magnificently at Petersburg. Ne vertheless, tbeposltlon was uncomfortable, and was rapidly becoming insupportable, when reinforce ments arrived on the ground, and, after-desperate exertions, sueeeeded in bearing away the Invaluable Grant from the perilous embraces of Ms admirers. ToOfficer Games, of the mnniolpal po- Mce, does the Yankee’nation owe this timely pre servation (of its hero—to a local telegraph office is it indebted for tho shelter then extended to that belovefthead. Bnt even here he was not entirely safe. Popular curiosity was not to be thus nip ped In Its hud; popular devotion not to he thus oropped ln-Its bloom. The crowd edged through the dooT, climbed in at the windows, ana clamored and . hurrahed around the entrance—amid all of wMoh the illustrious General, turning to hls feltMnl staff officer,said, “John, give me’a cigar;” which the faithlM staff officer did; and the heroic General, after placing the honored weed between Ms martial lips, proceeded to reveal to the poetle eye, so we are Informed by the veraolous journal above quoted, “how empires rise and fall”—the same being Illus trated by. the curling smoke whloh ascended from that commanding mouth. /Whether or not the cla moring and Inqufiltlve Philadelphians acoeptodthls fumous Illustration of the fell or empires as a sub stltute for tho long-anticipated fell of Rlohmond, we are, of course, unable to decide. “Enoch Auden” Aoain.— Still another edition ortMs exquisite poem Is in press by Messrs. J. E.- TUton & Go., and will be ready In a few days. It bas fewer Illustrations than their edition lust pub lished, but it Includes all the fete poems or Tenuy fon and- will be furnished at a muoh lower price. It Is smaller, but qnlte as beautiful In Its way as the full Illustrated edition so muoh'admired. One wants the two as muoh as either.— Boston Journal. _ —The Invalide At me of November 10th announces the execution of three officers—Captain Ivanlokl, Lltntenant JflrQCZBt, and Second Lieutenant Staukewltch, pursuant to the sentence of a court martial held at Karan, for having conspired with the Polish revolutionists to exdtean Insurrection among- the nOuufetion of Kazan. Lieutenant Ml ohalloif, of Russian origln/found guilty of having been cognizant of theplot without making It known to the anthoritles, was sentenced by the fame court feartirt tn fcgtfWte is afortress for jowi, FOUR CENTS. Soldiers’ Families. To the Editor of The Press: Sib : I am glad to Bee that the attention of tA® public has been called, through your valuable pa * per, to the above subject, by a city pastor. I, as another city pastor, have a word to say on this sub ject, In my pastoral labors I have often been deeply affected by the scenes of poverty and dis tress among the widows, wlvesj and children of sol , diets. While Qte noble men who have gone to fight for their country should not be neglected, those whom they have left behind ought certainly to be cared for. If we are truly Interested in the soldiers ■ themselves, we, to be consistent, must be Interested In those whom they have left at home. There should be some systematic' and vigorous effort made in this direction. - Numerous facts have come under-my observation, which, if given to the public, would move any one, unless possessing a heart of stone. I heregivo one case: Some nine months since a gentleman who' held a comfortable position, being -actuated by the hobleßt feeling of patriotism,-re signed his place, and enlisted in the 20th Ponnsyl vanlaCavalry. He had a witoand several children, but he lias received only two months’ pay since he left, whloh he sent ,home. For the last seven months, part of whloh time he has been slab, he has not drawn his pay. His family has been In a really suffering condition, and is to-day. Bis wife has "a babe, and Is In feeble health. Unless help comes soon she may lose her life. She fears that she will be under the necessity of selling her furniture, which win only afford a small relief. Wore her husband paid what Is dne him her pressing want would be relieved. Here Is an educated, highs minded, patriotic woman, whose patriotic husband has gone to fight for Ids country, suffering for bread, and her children are In the same condition. When the head of this family hears of their desti tution and neglect, how must his heart sink within him! Gan be bavethe heart he otherwise would have tbfight for the protection of the lives, liberty, and homes of his fellow-oltlzenß at home T We should look at this matter In the light of duly. I have much more that I might say on this subject, hut I stop here for the present. Another City Pastor. FWASeiAL AND COMMKRCIit. There were large sales of Government bonds alike Stock Board yesterday, while everything else wasex tremely dull. The 1881 s were about steady as to price, and the 5-20 s adyaziced to 109 - The 10 40 bonds sold at 101. This steady advance of the national securities during the past few days is due In part to the increasing demand for these safe and remunerative -bonds from abroad and from' our own'eitizens. Another cause of the improvement is, however, the belief, which is daily gaining ground', that, at no more gold-bearing bonds will be Ismed, but that future loans will bear interest in enrremey. How far this opinion may be correct it is impossible at present to determine. Mr. Fessenden may, perhaps, recommend, with certain important modifications, some such plan for the con sideration of Congress ; but that it;will be adopted in the form in which it is now suggested l is extremely im probable. \ . , The following is a comparative statement of the con dition of the Philadelphia Banks yeßterd&y and on last . Monday Wot. 28' Dee. 5.- Capital 5t0ck..*13,1*9,915 *13,280,175 L0an5........ 44,170,412 44.810,135 Specie 2,139,218 2,473,419 V. S. legal-tender 13,99!378 13.073 894 ,Deposits,,,. 38;974,932 38.432,084 Circulation 2,318,263 2,321,109 Drexel & Co. Quote: fruited States bonds, United States Certit of Indebtedness......... 97% Quartermasters’ Vouchers.*♦•*• 84- @ 95- Orders for Certificates of Indebtedness..... *2 m 2M Gold.-......,.........-- *™ ...227 W3SBH Sterling Exchange..*.*.**** *****■•*. ..........247- ©26Ufi Five-twenty Bonds.*-.—....——.-*. <..107 @lo7>| g 2BfSlsl < 3i£|s:g|ggpg.||ai 8- gas 3.3 ifSrtß'SSS §! »■ ; Szpi &® p ® ST : £f 8 |§g a&g «• S 1 • |sss»Sb£sg-* : § g bF&S g: £.ss: jfa_. gg.g.-g-g.=ig s a ! g&: : : af: £>a: £ | r= = = :£;:£§: o£:.|gg2,gg!:§- :gs.l§;|rrS?s.sj|- : :::::£: : r- . |»: |: : §.: : g:: Jio *-* j—njwh!* t£ Or H* ' M $S (-d»eDMQ» 29. 7,428,430 69 368,218 2B SO •....- 7,148,706 67 486,163 41 Dec, 1 8,078,283 61 .775,268 75 •• 2 8,424,040 33 565.447 69 •» 8 ~ 7,895,669 63 686,832 72 1116,109,927 99 *3,501,678.39 Bold fluctuated as follows yesterday: 9* A. ....«..^.228 10AK.~m,; ......585« 11 A. M 227* 2® 228 12M.~.~~~..—- IP. M...• 4P. M. The Philadelphia and Tldeoute Island Oil Company, owning an island In Allegheny river, near the celebra ted Seonomite wells, in Warren county, has been suc cessful in finding a well yielding forty barrels per day. This company started some six months ago, and has been prosecuting their search for the oleaginous* In 1861 the Island yielded two hundred barrels. Sales of stock were made yesterday at SS. New discoveries of oil regions are being made in dif ferent parts of-Canada, and the States of New York, Ohio, Michigan, and Kentucky, In the counties of' Cattaraugus, Niagara, Wyoming, and Schuyler, In New York State, the'people hare caught the infection, and are getting wild over the prospect of a speedy dis covery of oil. In some sections of Ohio, particularly in Washington county, and along the Little Hocking,. indications of oil have appeared, and boring is now going os, The spirit of petroleum speculation appears ; to be but just in its infancy. New companies are spring ing into existence every day, and before the close of the, comingyear we shall expect to see at least five hundred companies organized,; with an aggregate capital,of four hundred millions of dollars. Attention is invited to the advertisement of the Com-, monwealth Oil Company, located in Lawrence county, Pennsylvania; capital stock of S2PQ,OOO, with a reserved capital of $15,000 for working purposes. The following are estimates of the probable gross earn ings of some of the principal railroads in the Ntatheru and Northwestern States during the year. 1861 £ - New York and Brie.- $12,610,500. New York Centra1.................... 12 850,000 Hndsonßivexroad... 4,180,000 Harlem road. . Michigan Central.•■••*..—***.»**** • 4,036,000 Michigan Southern 5,861,6pG Illinois Centra1...............6,180,000 Atlantic and Great Western 3,350,000 Chicago and Bock Island. % 2,530,0D0 Chicago and Alton.*-...-—. 2,700,000 Cleveland and Pittsburg 2 SSS,OU) Toledo and Wabash*.. * Alton and Terre Haute........................ • 2,050.000 Pittsburg, Fort Wayne, and Chicago.6,Bls,ooo: Mariettasd Cincinnati........ 1.002.000 Milwaukee and Prairie dn Chien 1,640.000 Home, Watertown, and Ogdenshurg 665,000 Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton- I,I«J,Wg Dayton and Michigan <•. 1,065.000 The following comparative table show's the raovo mente of hreadstufia at Chicago from January Ito Ho yember 26, in 38*13 and 1564: t -Bccelpts.——Shipments..——. 1863. 1865. IBM. - IBSI plonr. bbls... 1,389,746 i 1.087,043. 1.313.103. 1,095,496 ; WhS.t. • 9.976.459 10,473 909 C0m..... 28,935.256 12,918,844 24,757.205 11,807,577 Oats 8,485,303 13,481,305 5.487.250 1.3,052,285 E« ..... 787:194 931,629 . 845.250 797.854; Bailey 1013.477 .712,813 616,250 . 221.473 The Plana and Columbus Bailroad Company haabeen consolidated .with the Indiana Central.Bailroad Com, pany, under the name of the Columbus and Indianapolis- Central Bailroad Company. This makes a direct line between Columbus and Indianapolis of one hnndredand eighty-six miles. The funded debt and the capital stock make a total of *5,600,000. .. The following table shows the American and foreign steam tonnage whichentored the ports of Portland,Mo.. Boston, Hew York, and Philadelphia, from .foreign-ports in each year, from 1848 to 1863: Portland. Boston. Mew York. Bhila. Year. . Tons. Tons. Tons. Tons. 1848 .... .. 14,839. 40,052 .... 1849 ICOOO. 81,905 1859 30,000 134iM5 .... J 851.... 22.000 J&gS 1 1852. 26,449. 316,339- 19,734 1853....*. 40,352 5W.414 22,484 1864 63,667 353j186, 19,423 1855.** 2,907 69,714. 295.576 8,682 1886 166 , 68.465 347.715 4,648 1857 12,794 62,825 20,056 1868 12,382 65,689, 382.26 ft 18MJ. ~T,884 65,424 439,620 1,415 1860. ....34,787 63,779 628,614 1861 -.32,267 73 403 853,210, i»B74 56.979, 438,176 ISM..::::is.!© 57, 5*. 608,m PHILADELPHIA STOCK BXCBAKBE SALKS, Dec. 6. bbfobb boards. 100 Walnut I aland., t 5. 8 X 100 Don* aid 0i1...... isi 100 do <5, SX 200 d0......„.55wn1.3l MO do.. ; . 5a WO Boon 1116 too do ••• 5H 200 Venango Oil 1 100 d0*.».i........1*0. 2a 1995 Oiganlo 0U....U0 IX 100 do. ............ '3sa 1000 ■ do ....b30131 600 Noble & Bela-...... 10 200 Corn Planter....b6 63£ aOEeadinjtS .E 69X 100 do ..b8 6S M 0 do.. 51X 200 CnrtinOil... 300 do. 67M 200 Densinore- EptST BOAEp: 1400 PMI& & Oil Ck.lts li H "900 Brines 0i1..,.1te 2X 100 Great Basis 3XI 180 8rieK........-b3O 93K ItO Big Tank...i...b6 IS 6 Mlnebill B 83% ICO ™do .—.bft SX' 100 Da1ge80U....... *X 800 do.. ...-M ® MB 100 Demsmete-. 8 i Kg do ..cash.lo7 16Hatloton.Co»l.i{s76 I moo do hi'lm 200 Grn Mountain.-Its JO4. 3000 do KWOT fifl llftl-t>w ......b5 S6X 6000 d 0.... ........-10714. 100 BliSns E...-.:.. «T' MOO do MilOTS' 7M do‘ 6S 1-16 UOO6 do 11s; 10714 100 do -sown 681-18 IgOO do. 118.10714 1M d0.....f30wJl 68 1-16 MOO do ...55.107X 700 do.s. Its 68 1-16 MOO d0....~ ....56.107X 12 Cam*AmK.Jts.l® MOOiebtgh 10QX 2800 Walnut Isld,. .Its. 3X 3000 d 0... .100 X 100 Story Farm 254 100 Grn & Cantos 75.. 9% 20 Penns *W BETWEEN BOARDS. * iOODsnsworo—..Mo. 8)4 100 Brlg@j 01i,.2dy5.. OX 71eM«k.......-M.. 80 200 SusaCanal .cask.. 14X 100 Petroleum Centro. 3X 200 d.o b3O. 14J£ lOCOtTSIO 40Bds.oonp »SX 250 Pkila & Erie Alya 30 ; 250 Allghy & Tideont. IX SSPMla&OilGraett- I*o lOOßchyl Nav- .M0..-32X 100Hiobord... 3X 100 Briggs Oil 6X BECOHD BOABD. 100 Mineral Oil a 200Hibbard 2K 26 Catawis«a E I«J£ 100 801 l Creak....1)30. ig 60 Penna 8........... VIH ioo»- «>■■••••“• j* SOO Corn Plantar...... 7 HMStßickolaaOu,... ,2oo do ••••• 7 SMtnahill K V.. BOX 230 d0..........b6-. 7 loou.cosittfti., tiqwkMi-IQK'M ODXOS WAS FBBSS, (TDBUBBSD WSSKhJ.i *B IkM will *«Hat to rabearflMiltr Tfrw. c0piw...................... «w.,.......... a oa *hl Copies, hum IIiIMMIIMI.MIIIUMMIIK.MM, 8 08 Teaeople*. is o« £»i«0lal>« than Tea Will h—harwd at tfc* »««• ™te, » 1.64) per .OPT. The money »*t«e altoaye accompany the order, amt no 265c 1* bos for Southern do. . White ranges at from 27C@290« W bo* as to quality. Bye i&selling, in a small way, at for Delaware and Corn is unchanged ; about 6,600 bus sold at 188 c for old yellow, and 16f@170c s*bu for new. as to condition Oats are-ia fair demand, with sales of4,ooobus at 91@92c H bu. BaEK—There is little or nothing doing In Quercitron. Ist 80.,1 is offered at $45 ton. COTTOIf. —There is very little doing, and the market is dull: small sales of middling are reported at 129® ISC'c $ lb, cash. . GROCERIES —The market is firm, but there is very little doing in either Sugar or CoSes. Sfcßl)S is in demand; small sales ara making fcs. Timothy is dull and quoted at *4 60@6 1 f bus. flaxseed is in demand; 500 bus sold at $3.60 S»UB. PBOTISIOUS. —The market continues very quiet at about previous quoted rates,.mid the soles are in asmall way only. Mess Pork is quoted at $4G@42 bbl. But ter is in demand, with sales of solid-packed at toctt lb, as to quality WHISKY is rather mere active; about 556 bbl a sold at 191@192c/or Penna,.and39^l93c^gallonfor Western. The following are the receipts of .Flour and Grain at this port to-day Flour.. Wheat—™ Corn. ™—....... Oats—..————.—. Philadelphia Cattle aiarhet. December s—Evening. The arrivals and sales of Beef Cattle at Phillip'* Avenue Prove Yard are smaller than the? have been for several weeks past, reaching about 2,4oohead; the market is dull at about former rates* with sales of extr* Pennsylvsna and Western at 26@17c, fair to good at 13 c, and common at from 9@l2c as to quality; tl e market closed dull within the above range of prices* Cows are unchanged; about 100 head sol&at $3O up to as to quality. ’ SHEEP. —Prices are well maintained,and the demand is good; 4,000 head arrived and-sold at6@B>£c lb, as to quality. HOGS.—Prices are rather lower; about 3,000 head arrived, and sold at the different yards at from 75 the 100 lbs net, as to condition. The cattle on sale to day are-from the following States: 8(K) head from Pennsylvania, BSO head from Illi nois, and 700 head from Ohio. The following are the particulars of the sales: 10u Dlijjois,Mooney & Smith, siC®l7. 38 Chester county, P. Hatboway, $13@17. 97Western, P. MeFiUen, slo@l6 SO Chester county, S. Scott, s:o@l4. 27 Chester county,B. C. Baldwin, sl2®lB, 56 Western, A, Kenedy, sis@'6. 95Illinois, M. tJ liman, slo@i6 50. 60 Pennsylvania, H. Chain, sli@l4. 75 Western, J. Anil, sl£@l4 80 Pennsylvania, J. and. J. Chain, 75 Illinois, Martin Fuller & Co— $13@15 50. 53 Chester county. Chandler & Co . $15@17. «. 100. Pennsylvania, H. Werntz, si2@i6. 125 Westein, M. Duffy, sr.@l3. 64 Wen tern, O. fcmlth. $U@l3. - 30 Western, Kepner, slt®ls* 35 Chester county, C Eirsman, $12@15.. 16 Chester county, H. Baldwin, $13@15. 55 Western, Hape, 812®15. 57 Western, Haymaker 6 Co.. $ll @l-1 24 Chester county, J.. Miller. si4@l6 50. 45 Chester county, Hornes &Co - sl2® 17. 110 Chester county, Hood, $12#17 15 Chester county, Di Bronson, $12@16. 38 Western, Dryfoos & Co , sli@l4. 60 Illinois, A. Levi, sl3®lo. , *67 Illinois, I*. Prank* $12@15. 147 Ulinois, 0. Smith, £l3®!s 50 COWS AND CALVES. The arrivals and sales of Cows at Phillips* Avenue Drove Yard reach about ICO head this week The de mand is good and .prices continue high. Springers are selling at S3G@7Q, and cow and calf at $35@80 head, as to quality. Calves. —About 35 head sold at from 9@lCc f* lb as to condition. fs &E? "I THB SHBEP MASK ST. The arrivals ait(i>,EaL6s-of Sheep at Phillips* Avenud* ■rove Yard are small this week, only reaching about fiOOO bead; the market,ln eontel3uea.ee is active, and. prices are well maintained Fxtra are selling at from. t>@B>£c, and common.-ro good at from 6@7J£e 3 lb, gross, as to quality. THB HOG MABKET, The arrivals and sales of Hogs at the Union andf Avenue Drove 1 aids reach about 3,600 head this week; the demand is fair# but prices are rather lower, with gales atsls@l6.7ff thelOO Ibsnet, as to quality. 2,600 headsold at Henry Class’ Union Drove Yard at from $16@16.76:the 100 lbs net, as to quality. 1,C40 head sold at the Avenue Drove Yard .at from $L5@16.75 the lOOifbs, net, as to quality. Hew-XorM Barketi, Bee. 5* Flows, &c —The market for Western and State Flour is dull, heavy# and under large receipts and very ir regular market for exchange, prices are 10-to IS cents '©bbl lower. The sates are--7;6?0 bids at $9.20@9 60 for superfine State; *9.7£@iQfor extra State; SlOJa@lo 35 for fancy State: *lC@lO 40 for the low grades of Western extra; #lo.£6@ll.lofor shipping Ohio; stl 15@LL25 for trade and family brands, and $10.9Q@14.60f0r St Louis extras. Canadian Hooris also dull and 10c lower. Sales of SCO bbls at $9 S0@1O:16 for the low grades of extra, and $lO SG@tl2 for trade and family extras. Southern.Slonr is heavy and 10c lower. Sales of 460 bble st $10.50@11i.99 for mixed to good snperfine coun try Baltimore,. Ac., and $12@16 for trade and family brands. Eye Plonfriß dull and earner. Sales of WO bbls at $6.59 @9.26. Corn Meal Is dull at Saturday’sprices—viz., at $7.60® 7.76 for Jersey , $B.BO for Brandywine GBARtv'—The Wheat market opened heavy and closes 2c lower, .the large arrivals and the fluctuations in gold giving buyers the advantage. The sales are 51,0C0 bus at $2.15@124 for Chicago spring; $2r27@2.24 for Milwaukee club; $2.2-:@2.26f0r amberdo; $2.4£@2 47 for Western amber Barley iainattive, but firmly held. Bales of 3,000 bus choice State at $1.37 Barley Malt is firmly held, but no change. Oafs are better and more active. The sates are 159,009 bus Canadian at 9S@99c; Western at 101©10Sc, afloat; State ah &9@lCoc. Bye-te firm and quite active. The sales are 7,009 boa Western at $1.75, afloat Corn is unsaleable; new is lower,and old Is steady at $1 93, : in store. Paonsioxif —The Pork market has been very fairly active and closes higher, though not active. Beef is dull and heavy ana prices rather nominal. Bates of 250 bbls, in lots, at $3Q@23.50 for plain mess; s2S@24forexti&:do.- fierce beef is moderately active and steady. Sales of. 2CO tes at $B9 for prime mess; $44 for India mess. Beef Hams axe fairly active at former rates. Sales of 400 bbls ai $:8 for Western. Cut meats are in moderatftAemand at previous rates. Bales 160 packages pickled hams at 19>4«. Bacon is dull at nominally unchanged prices. Dressed hogs are dnlTaad easier; we quote at 14*%® Lard*. moderately aetire at steady rates Salesof 1,800 bbls and to for Ho. l, 20J<@22«* tor fair to prime steam, and 22j£@2Sc for kettle. B««. S. Flourdolli sales efSOO bbls Western extra at *11.25. Wheatfirm; salesoflfl.OOO battels Sonttie-n red »tsl 66 @1 MX Corn active; .new wbtteat L78@l.80; yellow gi.BB. Whisky firm, and advancing; sales at tb9B / EIiTEER Bir,B, ‘ AT THB nHROTIABTe 1 EXCHANGE, Echr Blue (Billow. Rolls -Port Spain, soon. PHILADELPHIA BOARD OP TEADK. Geo. L. Bozags Ipw. C. BmDjsE, >CoKMrrrBE op tss Month. Thob. 8. Fsbkoh,.; SABJJVK UTELIHiBSCE. PORT OR pRIJ.AIVEI.I-mA, I>cc. S, 18Mj Bpsßises,!..7-211 BPN Bets■ . 4 33 | HtBH WATEa...t ia ARRIVED. __ . JK&SiT* rr °" **« Brlk Bunier (Br). Faulkner, 27 days from K3nfatoa. Ja, withr logwoodjrcoffee, Ac, to B If Wetzlar dnCo; veBf6 l to C G van Horn.. Brie 9 days from Harara, with, mo lasses, So, to G W Bernardon &Jjro. Brie Elisabeth, Libby, 3 dajs from Naw Tort, in balla*t .to captain. , . Brit Fannie. Lnnt, 10 days .pom Pensacola, in ballast to Onrtis & Knight. Brie Fanny Fonlke, Swaia, 10 days fronnSsy West, in bauast to D 8 Stetson & qn> - Schr. Lilia (Br), Ackerly, Horn Sombrero 17th ultimo, with hides, enano, &c, to Janretche « Larargna. Left bark Adaline C Adsma, Darin, for Philadelpbis, in a few days. Brig sailed 1542, nit for Phlla delphia. j • * _SehrClara, Elder, ID .days from Boston, with Iso to. Kennedy, Stairs. & Co-. ’ Schr Sea Gull, Moody. 6 days from Xi&aesvllle, with, atone to captain. Schr Pocahontas, Barry, 33 days from Boston, Wjth, fishtdTweUe&Co-.- ~ _ , . . ■ Schr Isaac Bich, Growell, 3 days .from, Hew, Tork, Keevae, Stanford,tiaysfromFarijCOJjs roe . ju ballast tgs,H-A Adams. • - CLEARED. BrlgAHor4a,Leland Boston • . Brie Koret* -Blllott, Boston. Schr Sinaia. Kelton. Bostam. SchrD alloyd, Raokett, Boston. Schr D 8 Mershon, Allen, Boston. Scr J B Allen. Case, Proyidonos. Sebr Silver Magnet, Perry. Dorchester Point. Sobr Georgia Beering, Willard, Portland. Schr Hiia AnnTMaxwell. Alexandria. Echr Casner'Heft. Shoe, Eortwss Honjoo. Echr Mary 8 Mii.2l, Misell, WaAliuton. SehriJ&gßnchanan^KailahaiK vSchr Sarah Fisher. Bdwaid*, ■ScbrsCurtia Goodwin. I*ird, Hampton Boadn. SchyHevada_M»nn,BoBtou - «rt|. n hrrA • SflbrWm B Thomas,WinuemQ3c^* l Hilton Heaa. 60 Densmor*-- i»2Q. 8 » 100 Mcßlheny ........ 5^ 100 Hibberd .....2 l-vs 200 Big Tank 2^ 150 8runer............ *2l£ 100 Egbert 4 50 Curtin-- 15 100 Walnut Isld blO- 36* 100 Egbert 4 100 Phil & Oil Creek.. IIC 200 Co*n Planter...... 7 100 Walnut Island.... $X 100 Ferry. 4}£ LOOOO IT 8 5-293 107^ 100 8runer............ 214 400 Walnut Island.... 3& 200 St Nicholas 4 500 Howe's Eddy..b3o VC 200 Bruner...* 2 3L 200 do -b3G. 600 Bine Creek....... 4?£ 600 Hibberd*•—».—»». 2 ®D do'.—*,,,. b 5. S*£ 200 Krotzer 9 «COO d 0——...... old .107BT W 0 Krotzer —b33. 1 2l£ 200 do 2 - 1,400 bbls. 6,100 bus. ™- 8.500 bus. —™ 6,200 bus.