The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, November 01, 1864, Image 2

Ct't ;I,lrtss
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1804
UWe can take no notice of anonymous comma
aleations. We do not return rejected manusorlpts
Jew- Voluntary correspondence is solicited from al
parts of the world, and especially from our Moran
military and naval departments. When used, it wil
be paid for.
Who. Broke the Peace on ,Saturday
Night I
The eloquent BURKE: never uttered ' a
nobler or truer sentiment than the follow
ing, spoken at a period of 'extreme national
agitation : "We must pardon something to
the spirit of Melly !" No well-disposed
citizen., .of course, does regard the
scenes of violence which occurred in , one
of ow' chief thoroughfares, on Saturday
night, with any other feelings than those
• • of profoundest sorrow. The causes of such
outbreaks, however, lie on the sus face, ant
are patent to the view. In the procession
of the opponents of the Government were
carried a number of transparencies grossly
caricaturing the CHIEF MAGISTRATE OF
THE NATlON—placing him in attitudes re
volting to all 'ideas of decency and pro
priety—now in the embrace of negro
women—now in the act of swallowing
negro children—then on a scaffolding,
resting on the shoulders of negroes—with
other insulting and degrading repre
sentations ! So long as such carica
tures are confined to the shop-win
dows, as an article of merchandise,
they arc harmless, but when paraded,
in a public manner, through the streets,
amidst a dense and excited populace, it it
not to be wondered that the passions of
men become inflamed, and that, they arc
greeted :with volleys of mud 'and other more
hurtful missiles. It is a noteworthy fact,
too, that the " getters-up" of the dramatic
display of Saturday night again wholly
ignored our brave soldiers and sailors. No
• banners for the noble GRANT—none for
the heroic SHERIDAN, and the victory he
had just achieved in the . Valley—none for
the intrepid FARRAGUT -and his brilliant
naval triumph before Mobile ! The entire
spirit of the display—indeed,the very letter
of it—was anti-American, offensive, dis
gusting, and. inflicted poignant stabs on
the tenderest sensibilities of thousands of
citizens. And all this, be it remembered,
by a party that makes the very welkin
ring 'with unfounded accusations against
the Government of an attempted suppres
sion- of the freedom of opinion! The
base charge, we see, is refuted in the very
monient it is made.
We justify no resort to mob-violence, of
course. • On the contrary, we deprecate it
as the very spirit of' Pandemonium. But
we would-place the responsibility of Satur
day night's outrages where it belongs. It
rests with ihe sy9npathieers with the rebellEon.
It is . . simply part and - parcel of that fell
spirit wych.fired on Fort Sumpter, seized
on the nation's : mints, and forts, and cus
tom honks, and dragged entire States,
itolens miens, out of the Union.
Another Election ,Trick.
Governor SEYMOUR recently appointed
State agents to receive the votes of New
York soldiers. One of these has con
fessed himself guilty of forging votes for
McCLELL.or, and another has been con
victed of the same crime. Their arrest, and
that of other of his agents, was ordered by
the United States Government, and the order
was just, necessary, and legal. - But Gov.
SEYMOUR, who did nothing to suppress the
riot in New York, who did nothing to as
sist the execution of the draft, who does
all in his power to thwart the National Go
vernment, has, of course, attempted to
prove a new case of tyranny and interfe
rence with the freedom of elections. He
has sent three commissioners to Washing
ton, to inquire into the matter and manner
of these arrests, and also, in his own lan
guage, " To take such action in the premises
as will vindicate the laws of the State and
the rights and liberties of its citizens, to the
end that justice may be done, and that all
attempts_ to prevent soldiers. from this
State, in the service of the United States,
from voting, or to defraud them or to
coerce their action in voting, or . to detain
or alter the votes already cast by them' in
ptu.suance of 4 lhe laws of this State, may be
exposed raid punished."
Goveinor SEYMOUR has not the slightest
evidence that any attempt has been made
to prevent New York soldiers from voting,
(nevi the attempt made by his own agents,
who refused to take any votes that were not
for McClellan. He knows, too, that the
arrest of these forgers was made by, the
Government to protect the soldiers. Yet
in this underhand and disingenuous way,
without proof, he accuses the Government
of the United States of the very crime it
has discovered and punished. Governor
SEYMOUR would never have found out that
atrocious forgery; he had confidence in the
forgers, or he would not have appointed
them his agents. His party has been struck
a terrible blow by the exposure of this in
famons crime, and no false cry of "forger !
forger !" can divert public attention from
the real criminals.. His commissioners are
direCted to report with " all convenient
speed." No doubt they will tell a terrible
tale about the 7th of .November—all elec
tioneering dodges are published just in time
to have an effect on the ignorant, and just
too late to be contradicted.
Nai t yland Unbound.
To-day slavery ceases in Maryland. A
State fair and fertile as our own, •only
needed to be free to become as prosperous
and happy. Maryland has long owned, a
divided rule. Her climate, he4geography;
her material and moral interests, all bound
her to the North ; she was, linked to the
Smith solely by. a social institution. But
her tendency has been for half a century
steadily towaTds freedom, nor could the
prejudices of her people, the tyranny of
her slaveholders successfully oppose the
inevitable gravitation. In 1779 she had
8,048 free colored citizens, and 103,036
slaves. In 1840 there were 62,078 free
blacks,•and 89,737 slaves. In. 1860 there
were 83,942 free, and 87,189 slaves. Mark,
by these • records, how strongly the State.
has struggled to throw off the burden that •
has bowed her to the earth. Maryland
would have been freed by her own law of
development, even had she not been eman
cipated by the war and the suicidal rebel
lion: of slavery against the Ggyernment
which gave it local protection. Nor will it
ever be forgotten-that the curse has been
thus early lifted from the State by the de
cision of her 'own patriotic soldiers. Her
noblest citizens are doubly her saviors—
they defended her from rebellion with
their bayonets, and have freed her from
slavery with their votes.
To-day will hereafter be an anniversary
of freedom, to be kept sacredly by
At least thirty thousand beings - who were
chattels yesterday are men and -women to
day. All the North will. rejoice; in their
liberation, and Philadelphia will celebrate
the event with fitting ceremonials.. No
'Southern State is so dear to us as Mary
land; and this divorce from slavery unites
her *forever with our progress and pros
perity. "My Maryland 1" the North says
to-day, "what God.hath joined, no power
shall part." ,
Confessions of a Democratic Editor.
11 new and significant' - revelation of the
infamy of the great Copperhead conspiracy
in aid 'of. the rebellion has jusi been made.
'JOSEPH J. llmounwt, editor of the Indiana
polis Slate Sentinel, a well-known PalVt7
and . &airman of the Democratic State Cen
tral Committee of Indiana, has confessed
to the military commission now in session
at Indianapolis all that he knows of the
.great conspiracy which Mr. ilovr lately
e x posed. He has told enough to show
that the- present Democratic party is
largely controlled by, the worst men
in the country. Mr. ; Braaaem joined
the Order'of Amerfean'illnights one year
ago ;.hawas in the confidence of its lead
ers ;ho waa aware - of rplot to release the
rebel prisoners in all the Northwestern
camps ; he knew that a revolution against
the Government was organized ; he knew
that Governor MonToN was to be assassi
nated. All of this time he was editing the
leading Democratic plper . of Indiana,
and denying that this conspiracy existed.
Ha leas at once a traitor and the chairman
of the Democratic State .Committee. All
this lie has confessed, and the damning
fact will go into history to the eternal
shame of the false leaders . of' his party.
Those who will not believe the mass of
evidence of the existence - of this horrible
conspiracy are not.. to be convinced by
any proof. It was born in the Democratic
party, controlled
. by Democratic leaders,
intended to advance . them to power by the
ruin of the country, and every . man who
had a haAd in it sustained MCCLELLAN for
the. Presidency. We do not think so
meanly of the American people as to sup
pose that the majority of those who will
vote for him are disloyal ; but we do say
that all who arc disloyal hali - e adopted him
as their candidate. Loyal men who vote
for ItIcCLELLAN must do so in defiance of
the fact that the rebels have cheered him,
that VALLANDIGILAM nominated him, and
that traitors at home and abroad arc his
friends.
Post Office Money Order System.
. The comity of nations happily permits
one country to appropriate to itself the
inventions and improvements which the
ingenuity of another may have made.
The American FULTON first made Steam
Navigation a practical action instead of a
fanciful theory, and the English STEPHEN-
S(); did the same by Railwayism ;, so with
Monsn, who Set the Electric Telegraph to
work ; so with .our sewing machines.
Each country freely borrows from the
other. Even now, England is about
fashioning her railway cars after the
American model, has adopted our system
of street nomenclature, (calling a line of
streets by one name, instead of considering
every block as a separate street,) and has
commenced numbering the houses with
odd .numbers on one side, and even on the
other, instead of having Number 1 on the
right facing Number 500 - on the left.
"Give and take" is a model motto for
society in these and similar cases.
What is called the Penny Postage Sys
tem, which went into operation in England
early in 1840, was adopted in the United
States in March; 1845, and went into prac
tice in the following July. It would- be
simply waste of words to declare how sa
tisfactory the change has been. We are on
the eve of another great Postal benefit :-
41iis .very . day,. the Money Order 'System
will go into effect. Like the Penny Post
age, it comes to us from England, and pro
mises to be a. decided benefit to the public.
Let us briefly Indicate what this system •
will effect. „Let
.us suppose that Mr. John
Smith, residing in St. Paul, Minnesota,
sEould desire to remit the sum of ,nine
dollars and twenty-five cents to his wife
then in .Reading, Pa. ; he must ask the
Postmaster of St. Lbuis to give him a
printed form of application, to be filled up
with the fact that John Smith, at St. Louis,
desires to send such an amount to Mary
Smith, at Reading„ (in each case Abe
Christian names of both persons must
be inserted,) and, on paying in the
sum of $9.35, he will receive a draft on•
the post office of Reading for $9.25,
the balance of ten cents being ithe - price
or commission which , the United States .
Post Office Department charges for send-
big any amount under twenty dollars.
The money paid into the St. Louis post
office must be in coin, United States Trea
sury notes, or the notes of the. National
banks, and the money paid out will be in
the same currency. Odd cents will not be
received, we believe, in the small postal
currepcy, which, in the present scarcity of
metallic cents, is likely to be found incon
venient. The order to Mary. Smith, Read
ing, will not contain the name of the sender,
but, on the day it is issued, what is called
a " Letter of Advice " will be despatched
from the post office in St. Louis to that of
Reading, which Will state the name of the
person who remits and the person who is
to receive the money: - - -John- Smith sends
the Money Order to Reading, and Mary
Smith will take it to the post office there,
where, after she states who sent it to her,
which must correspond with the name in
the Letter of Advice from St.• Louis,
and the Order is ascertained to be
authentic and correct in form, date,
signature, &c., the full amount of $9.25 is
handed to the said Mrs. Mary Smith, and
her part of the transaction is ended. What
subsequently is done with, or on account
of the money order thus paid, is matter of
post office detail, which can have no inte
rest for the public. If a money order be
lost or destroyed before payment, a dupli
cate may be issued, on complying with
certain conditions ; if it be not• paid within
three months, it becomes invalid, but re
covers vitality on payment of a second
fee ; or, if the person who remits desires to
draw out the money before sending off the
order, he can do it ; also, if the recipient
of the order cannot personally attend . at
the post office to endorse it, he may dele
gate another person to do so for him.
There are several miner regulations with
which a little experience iu the working
of the system will soon make the public
familiar.
The rates of commission payable on ob
taining money-orders are :
On or era not exceeding $lO
Over $lO and not exceeding $2O
Over $2O and up to $3O
The rates in England are six cents for
sums under $B, and twelve cents for sums
under $25. There is no compensation,
however, to • postmasters in . England for
transacting the money-order business; it
goes into their general work, whereas,
with us, except where the postmaster's
annual salary exceeds $4,000, he is to be
allowed one-third of the fees received for
the issue of money-orders, and one-eighth
of one per cent. upon the gross amount of
orders paid. This allowance cannot be re
garded as niggardly ; indeed, its fault is on
the other side.
An iinportant question is, will the Money-
Order system pay ? We believe that it' will,
after a time. The Issuing of Money Orders
Las been part of the British post•office rou
tine for nearly eighty years. Until 1840,
however, it was a private undertaking, in
the hands of a few gentlemen respectively
connected with the General Post Offices in
London, Edinburgh, and Dublin. Before
they entered upon it, certain of.the German
States had used it in their postal depart
ment. In 1840, ceasing to be a private
speculation, it was made a distinct branch
of the Post thrice in London. In 1848,
over 4,000,000 Orders were issued for
$40,000,000. In 1859, the amount remitted
exceeded $75,250,000, and in 1862, (the
atest period of any official statement
accessible to; its,) there were 7,580,455
money-orders issued in Great Britain and
Ireland for $93,080,740. After dedueprig
all expenses, the profit on that year exceed-
ed• $150,000. From 1862 to 1862 the whole
amount of money-orders lost was only
$1,335. Such a thing as
.the forgery of a
money-order is of rare occurrence in Eng
land, where it is held as felony, and se-
verely, as well as surely punishable, to
forge the signature, as a recipient, to any
order. In. England a single money-order
can ,be obtained for any sum not exceeding
*5O. Early in 1862, the system being
then not only self-supporting, but profita-
ble, it was extended to Australia, and has
since been extended to Queensland, New
Zealand, and the Cape of Good Hope.
Here, we have no doubt, it will be success
ful from the beginning,, and "speedily re
munerative. It will be subject to compe
tition, of course, from the I4xpress Compa
nies, but as its application will almost ex
clusively be ll* small sums, the rivalry
between the public institution anti the pri
vate -carriers will probably not -be very
great. • •
'JEFF DAVIS has appointed a day of
tliankOiving. For what ? His armies
have,mot _won' a victory , for six month's.
It must be for . taie nomination of Ncavado
L ' A/i--" the I:£4 pf frcn Chicago.
-64 THE ONLY PLACE TO HEAR THE GOSPEL
PREACHED, now-a-days," says a Mr. YAUX,
"is at a Democratic' meeting !" Let us
test this piece of insanity by the Chicago -
Convention, where, it appears, so few of
the Democratic dolegates even knew the
Lord's Prayer, compared to the many who
declared themselves willing to "cutthe d—n
throats of the Lincoln Administration !"
We give the opening scene, as recorded by
an eye-witness in Harper's Magazine : .
"On the conclusion of the benediction by Bishop
Whitehouse, which constituted a part of the open
ing exercises, he commenced the recitation of the
Lord's Prayer, in which the delegates attempted, by
request, to join in concert, and it Is described by an
eye-witnese as the richest of all rich affairs. The an
nouncement was hardly made by the reverend gen
tlemen, and he had but articulated the open
ing words of the piayer, when confusion con
founded ran through the whole assembly.
,Had
they been called on to join the chorus of ' Pass
the Blowing Bowl,' or Bonnie Blue Flag,' or
'Just Another Drink Before We Go,' they would
have boon equal to the emergency, but the Lord's
Prayer was 'too many for them. However, for
the sake of harmony (I) they started in. One dele
gate, whose early education evidently had not been
neglected, vociferated at the top of his voice,
Now I lay me down to sleep ; a Western
judge thought himself all right with, 'On
Jordan's stormy banks I stand ; a clerical
brother, Our 11th hangs by a single thread;'
a delegate from the Wabash was troubled
with, When shall I see Jesusl , a 'peace' fellow
from Illinois gave, with a good nasal twang, How
tedious and tasteless the hour !, a Now Yorker
(Captain Rynclers, probably) scorned anxious to
know when be 'Could read his title clear to man
sions in the skies,' and a short-haired Bowery boy
was anxious to Let her rip,' because, he claimed,
'She's all oak;' it tavern-keeper cleverly piped,
ithry spirits never wane ;, a country squire,
the first time from home, proclaimed, Know all
men by theso - presents ; and a Keystone boy sapped
the climax with Down with the traitors, up with
the flag.' "
A MONTREAL paper, which openly ad
vocates Southern independence, has come
to the help of Northern CopPerheads, and
interprets General Drx's order to prevent
Canadian refugees from voting on the Bth
as proof of the intention of the Govern
ment to carry the election by force. Of
course a rebel-loving journal must echo,
Copperhead cries, but the sound is not
pleasant to the ears of intelligent Ameri
cans. It is a fact that thousands of de
serters, aliens, and. Southerners are now in
Canada, and intended to cross the lines
and vote for .11fcCramumr. There could
be no free election if these attempts were
not resisted.
OF THE 23,120 Pennsylvania soldiers
whose votes are thus far registered at Har
risburg, 17,888 voted for Union candidates.
This majority of 12,650 •iS not complete
—thousands of votes are not yet , recorded--
.but it is enough to place the KeYstone State
gloriously in the front rank of States that
stand by the Government. The soldiers of
the Union are on the side of liberty, and
there are no better Democrats than the men
who hold up the flag of the country in the
very face of death.
' , Tau army's long roll' is the melanoholy roll
that contains the names of the 300,000 bravo and
fiery-hearted men sacrificed by the Admlnistra
tion's incompetency, its blunders, and its lack of
earnest patriotism))
This is, of course, from a McClellan pa
per, which finds it convenient,to forget his
two years of command. Admit that 300,000
men were killed or wounded on our side,
during the war,"and it follows that at least
150,000 were sacrificed while MCCLELLAN
was the head of the army.
FREE srmEon is not respected by the
party which talks the most about it. • Why
was Mr. THOMAS M. COiE3LIN,. of the
Ledger, struck ox the head last night by
a Copperhead ruffian, and dangerously
wounded, if not because of his independent
advocacy of Union candidates and•princi
ples.? We demand of Democratic papers
that they at once use their influence to put
a stop to these outrages. Riot has been
preached too long. •
WE ARE GLAD to know that the work of
organization is'going on well through thd
State. In every county immense Union
meetings have been held, and the canvass
is • being thoroughly made. -- 00n every
county and township.committee .we. / urge
the importance of bringing out the, full
'Union vote. ,Let not one be lost. ..31ifflin.
carried the Union ticket by a majorityof
one on the,home vote.
“ Orin of General Grant's staf f officers, going h,ome
unexpectedly, and obtaining the envelope he had
previously sent, opened it and found his McClellan
ballot had been taken out and an Abolition ballot
put in its place.” •
The World, throughout the campaign,
has been making assertions of this kind;
We remember no case in which it conde
scended to prove them. We should like to
know the name of this staff officer. " Will
the World print it ?
OBITITAET.—The eminent Irish Catholic divine,
Rev.. Dr. Daniel W. Cahill, died at the Carney Hos
pital, in Boston, on Thursday last, at the age of
seventpone years. Dr: Cahill was distinguished
for his earnest and able advocacy of the Irish masa,
and his death will be deeply regretted by a large
mass of the Irish people. Six years ago his, letters
on the cause of liberty in Ireland had the utmost
popularity among his countrymen, both in Ireland
and America, and for awhile this intellectual and
eloquent priest was . looked upon as a fit successor to
o , Conall, Dr, Cahill truly loved his country, and
Its people, and; to the host of his ability, used his
great acquirements to Instruct them. Besides being
an able preacher, Dr. Cahill was a' highly-learned
theologian, and a professor of extended scien
tific knowledge. About four years ago he came
to this' country, and
.was cordially received by the
masses of his country Men. His lectures on Ireland,
and an astronomy and theology, and his eloquent
extemporaneous sermons wore always valuable, and
attracted crowds of hearers. His particular mis-
Sion to America was to open a waver 'the large
emigration from Ireland, in consequence of the
well.known landlord tyranny, as instanced in the
"Plunkett Evictions," the casting out of tenantry,
to clear the land for the accommodation of "sheep
and herds." Dr. Cahill possessed a commanding
intellect and an impressive appearance. Hundreds
who knew him personally will think of him as the
man and priest of large and kindly heart and of
wise counsels, while his countrymen generally will
hold his memory in gratefil reverence.
10 cants.
15 cents.
20 cents.
A BEARTiIItrL WORK OF PRKMANSIIIP,—A draft
of the resolutions of Councils on the death of the
lamented Gen. Henry Bohlen has been executed by
Prof. George .T. Becker, of Girard College, and is
now on exhibition at the store of its framer, in Sixth
street, above Arch. As a specimen of the tine art
of penmanship this work has been hardly equalled,
and it is worthy, in every respect of one so
well known to Philadelphians as among the very
best professors in the country. What is rare In per
formances of this kind, Mr. Becker's writing Is full
of variety, and is equally chaste, spirited, and
classic—the hand of the artist showing an admirable
balance of care and freedom. We recommend this
composition to the Inspection of engravers. Prof.
Becker's work has been expensively framed, and is
about to be sent to Europe, where it will doubtless
'excite as much admiration as here.
•Br xmaartEicon to advertisement of West Jersey
Railroad, it will be seen that two daily lines run to
and from Capo May, viz.: at 0 A. M., due at 2.45
P. M:; and at 3P. M., dlie at 7.45 P. M. Return
ing from. Cape May at 6 A. M. and 11.45 A. M.
WASHINGTON.
.W.essazikrrox, Oct. 31, 1861.
ARRIVAL OF WOUNDED MEN AND PRISONERS.
About seven hundred soldiers, wounded in the
military operations of Thursday, have been brought
hither and distributed among the several hospitals.
The mail boat to-day landed fifty or sixty rebel
prisoners, including a colonel, a lieutenant colonel,
and a major. They were committed to the Old
Capitol.
•RILT,OEN OF GENERALS HALLECK AND EAR
NARD--;ARRIVAL OF 'REBEL PRISONERS.
The steamer Beyport, headquarters' boat at this
post, afrived early to.day with Generals HALLacir,
BARNARD and Rom,trui, and Colonel °lmre, who
have been to the front. The mall steamer Dan Web•
ster also arrived, bringing 150 men of tho Ist Maine
Cavalry, on their way home, their term of service
having expired. The Webster reports that loud
cannonading was heard yesterday morning from
Etrusn's front before sho left. She brought up 40
rebel officers, from colonels down to lieutenants,
who were delivered to the Provost Marshal.
It has recently been published that Secretary
FassaNDEN intended to reoommend, in his financial
report to Congress, the reception of legal tenders
in payment of customs. It is not at all probable he
has Informed any one of his plans and purposes; or
even given an intimation which could justify such
a. conclusion. That statement, like others of a kin.
dred speculative character, are scarcely worthy of
formal contradiction.
.. NAVAL CHANGES.
Commodore Jos. B. HALL has been ordered to
on the 10th of November as commsuader — of
the Philadelphia navy yard..
Captain B. MoDouosx.r. has assumed the duties
of commandant of the Mare Island navy yard
California.
DEMOCIUTIO PROCESSION IN WILMING
TON.
(Special Despatch to The Press ]
:WlL'strwo , rosr, Oct. 31.—The McClellan torch
light procession this evening was respectable in
display and in numbers, but an • unusually-large
number of boys and youth, from fifteen to eighteen
years of age, were observed to be in the line. This
is regarded here as a confession of a want of men
Mthough there were repeated cheers for Vallan•
dlgham.l:lo violence was offered by the "Union men.
THE PRESS:-PHILADELPHIA:: lIESDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1864:
AN UNFOUNDED RUMOR
THE WAR,
GEL GRANT'S RECENT.MOVEMENT.
Unsuccessful Attempts of. the Rebels to
Charge on our Troops.
THEIR CAVALRY REPULSED WITH HEAVY LOSS
BRB Prisoners and Four Battle-Flags Capture
GALLANT CHARGE OF THE NEW
JERSEY 3RIGADE, i •
.:'.1.•1t6
THE REBEL OTT'ICIALS PR'EPAliff4a
TO ARH THE NEGROES,
Three Hundred Thousand Slaves to be used
in the Spring Campaign. " .
THE FEVER AT NEWBERN ABATING
GEN. GRANT'S AWRY.
REPULSE cm THE ENEMY'S CAVA LEV IN SEVERAL
ATTA.OXS—OUR LOSSES IN TEE LATE moyzniglvr
ABOUT 1,600-828 PRISON - RAS CAPTURED ~ 118—
BRILLIANT CHARGE BY THE NEW JERSEY BRI
GADE.
(Correspondence of the Associated:Press.]
HEADQUALLTBRS AMEX' OP THE . POTONicO i • Oct.
30, A. 31.—Since the army returned to Us old guar.
tern on Friday nothing of Importance has - trans-
Spired. The enemy's cavalry hdlowed our, troops
closelfas they returned, but were prevented from
doing any damage of importance.
The only captures they made at this time wore
some eight or ten ambulances, which had taken a
wrong road, but even these they could not get away.
The horses were out loose and run oil; and °lir men
burned the wagons.
The rebel cavalry made repeated attempts to
charge, but were each time repulsed with loss.
Duting the day the entire army reached the posi
tions occupied by it previous to the move, when the
enemy returned to their former position. •
Our losses will reach about 1,600 as neseas can
be ascertained at present. The'2d Corps,444 did
the.moStllghting,lost 10 officers killed, sywqiiudiail,
77 men killed, 480 wounded, and 400 missing;: The
sth Corps. lost about 180 altogether, and the oth
Corps upwards of 160, mostly in the colored division.
The casualties in the cavalry divisions are. not
known precisely, but many of those classed as Mis
sing will undoubtedly return to camp, as the number
of stragglers was large.
The loss of the enemy was severe, and aome•say
greater than our own, in killed and wounded. We
have eight hundred and twenty-eight prisoners and
four battle flags, most of which were taken by tho
2d Corps.
laThe highest pra'se is given by all to tho offieers
and mon of the 2d and 3d divisions for their beha
vior during the day.
Generals IfAi gen and hlott, who conimanded them,
and General Smith and Colonel McAllister, com
manding brigades, are particularly praised for the
manner in which they handled their men,
The charge made by the New Jersey brigade,
under Colonel McAllister, on the enemy who had
got in the rear of our forces, was one of the finest
ever witnessed, and resulted in saving the entire
position. "
All Is quiet, with the exception of picket firing,
which b quite lively at night..
THE WAR HIT THE SOUTHWEST.
OPERATIONS OF. FORREST—A. .lINiON STEAMBOAT
SDNE ON THE TENNESSEE - RIVER-"PING BLUFF,
TADUCAR, AND COLII:sIBUS THREATENED BY THE
REBELS—PREPARATIONS TO REPEL THEW.
Loursvara, Oct. 31.—The Journai :says a de
spatch received at the headquarters at Nlehville
from Clarksville, Tenn,, states that Lieutenant
Colonel Booth, 'at Fort Honelsoni reporta that a
partof Forrest's command, with three guns, sank
a steamer and barge loaded with army . clothing
at Fort Herman, on the Tennessee river, on •Sa
turday. The same despatch mentions that Captain
butter, with twenty-live men, tho same day at
tacked and drove across the river slaty of Colonel
Malone's rebel cavalry, killing two and wounding
eight. '
ILIt is rumored that three hundred rebels are threa
tening an attack on Pine Bluff, on the Tennessee
river.
The Democrat learns that on Gen. Meredith's re•
turn to Paducah, on Mrednesday, he received de
spatches from Gen. Sherman and. from Columbus,
stating that Forrest intended to attack Paducah,
and was menacing Columbus. ScoutS and deserters
reported a large number of rebels passing Dresden,
Linton, Lexington, Big Shanty, and Ma Leilersville.
At the latter place heavy supplies were bell* accu
mulated.
All of these places are within fifty miles of Mays--
field.
Forrest is also known to have been at Jackson;
with several ihouFand men. The danger being im.
minent, on Wednesday night our cavalry was safely
Withdrawn from Maysfield. The same night, busl
'nese men Were advised to pack up their stooks and
place themaboard the steamers which were detained
for that purpose. '
On'the 27th scouts reported a rebel force within
sixteen miles of the city,- sifice which time no Intel
ligence of theirpiovementt,haa been r ecei ved. Every business house is closed, and the goods re
moved to places of safety. Business of every kind
is suspended, and everything is prepared to give
Forrest a warm reception. General Meredith will
undpnbtedly hold the place.
Buford's headquarters are at Shady Grove. He
has eight regiments, three battalions, and a battery
of Dahlgren vine. Orders were issued for a con
centration of the force on the Tennessee line, and
to prepare for a march on Paducah. Forrest, Chal
mers, and Buford are all in command.
On Thursday a dash was made upon Johnson
-
vine, and six head of cattle were captured. •
Yesterday's Nashville Union contains the follow•
leg ::"A rumor was in circulation yespeiday that
Atlanta had been evaonated. `We are authorized to
deny the absurd statement. The place is not•ovon
in the slightest danger. There oan be bat little
doubt of the fact that Hood's army was, a day or
two since, near the Tennesiee river, but the rebel
leaderheiltates to attempt a crossing. The news
comes through refugees, and it is very Contradic
tory and confused."
LAVICE REpEL.NEWS.
RROGRRES OP .THR LABT.OONSOILIRT/ON--IMPEOT
OR BARLT'S DEFEAT-TNION ITRELING, RTC.-Alt-
RANORMENTB FOR A GENERAL ARMING OR TUB
BLACKS, {PITH BOUNTY'AND BRIANOIPATION.
WASHIVOTON, 00t. 31.—A gentleman who for
twelve months had been attempting to get away
from-the South succeeded several days ago in
reaching our nuts, and is now in Waihington. He
occupied a responsible position: under the Coiifede:
rate Government, and had a , bundant opportUnities
for learning the real condition of affairs in that sec
tion. He represents that the conscription is active
ly progressing, and that many persons botween the
ages of sixteen and liftplive are being sent to *the
army. , Telegraphers, expressman, and railroad
employees continue to be exempt from military
duty. The rebel authorities are making every effort
to get every available man Into the army. About
a thousand of the new levies have been sentto re
inforce General Lee. Hood's army numbers snout
thirty thousand.
There are but few troops apart from these armies
scattered over the South, and only forty men'as a
provost guard at Fredericksburg, Virginia.
There appears to bo a sufficiency of substantial
food, but luxuries cannot at many places be pur
chased.
•
The gentleman says that thousands of the sol
diers would, if they could, escape from the milita
ry service, and that in some sections, if an opportu
nity were afforded, the Union feeling would em
phatically manifest itself. He bought some
.gold
before ho left Richmond, paying twentf-!lve dol
lars in Confederate money for one dollar in coin.
After Early's defeat in the valley a dollar fa gold
could not be pnrchased for less than $3O in paper:
Ho says no one out of the Confederacy' can have
a correct Idea of , the general effects of the ravages
of war, both as to agriculture and trade. Michael
W. Oluskey, formerly postmaster of the United
States House of Representatives, has recovered
and been elected member of thp rebel Congress
from the Memphis district.
nrw YORK, Oct. 31.—The rebel papers, received
here, appear to be unanimous in favor of arnilng
the blacks. •
The editor of the Southern Confederate, in writing
home to his paper, from Richmond, _says : ":The
pressure brought upon the authorities here, layer
ing the arming of the blacks, has been too strong to
resist. Mince 'lt is with gratitude, I am able to
state officially, that arrangements are now' being
made to arm for the spring campaign, 300,000 slaves,
whose masters are to be compensated by the Oen
federate Government. The slaves thus armed* are
to have their freedom and fifty acres •of land, each
of which insures them permanent homes In the
South."
TUB YELLOW FEVRE IN NORTH CAROLINA CHECKED.
Nxw YORK, Oot. 111.—We have received North
Carolina dates to the 27th inst.
The late froit has materially checked the yellow
fever, which is abating. 'Medical authorities nay
that it will not be safe for parties to return who
have not been exposed to fever until the cold
weather sets In permanently.
The report of the death of Colonel Heaton and
his son is incorrect. Both gave recovered.
The number of deaths from fever will not exceed
2,00, consisting mostly of citizens and refugees.
The fever originated from a ship at the foot 'of
Craven street '
in Newborn, which was tilled Up
last Stine with manure and barrels of rotten meat.
Capture of a Prize Steamer- 7 . 11er Arri-
sal at . Boston.
BoSTow,.oot. 31.—The rebel prize steamer Hope
arrived at this port to-day, having heen captured off
Wilmington, N. 0., on the 22d inst., by the , TJnitis
Stites steamer Bolus. She was previously chased. e
for several hours on the 20th, and in order to eioape
threw most of her cargo overboard. The cargo Con
sisted of machinery, coffee, dry goods, &o.
The Hope is a vessel of 600 tons and. 300-hor9e
power. She was built at LiVerpool last year . tri
.Pdessrs. James Sing Sen & 00., and had made ono
successful trip before being captured. .
The Bald on Buffalo.
SuPPALO, Oct. 81. The city is being patrolled by
the military and police - in anticipation of the raiders,
but none hail yet 'appeared. Last night comps.
pies were stationed at the elevators and around the
docks, but nothing occurred, through the prompt
action of the authorities ; and the faot that the mili
tary were out yesterday attending Gen. BidivelPs
funeral, 'entirely fruitrated the rebel plans. gany
suspicious persons have been observed in town with:
.in a few days, and it is even stated by some that
rocket's were thrown rip and guns fired by unknovin
:pathos for the purpose of signalling to parties on
• the opposite shore:
In the science of the Law our country has ac
quired great and well deserved fame • and many an
admiring compliment has been paid by the critics
of England tq the law writers of America. But to
what part of 'America do these writers belong?
Among the brightest stars
.of international law
shines the Earns of Wheaton, a native, of Rhode
Island. The immortal Story, the two Parsons, and
Greenleaf, wore born in Massachusetts. Chancellor
Rent; the American Blackstone, belongs to New
York, the home of Sedgwick and the. Duero. Oar
great authority on criminal law, Francis Wharton,
18 part of the pride of Pennsylvania, the State that
among hernaturall zed children boasts of the n sane of
Bouvier, a native ,of France. But. where, lot me
ask you, are the great law writers of the South?
There is; indeed, one name which, although not
that of a writer on law must be mentioned with
great respect and admiration. It is tne name of
John Marshall, of Virginia. But he belonged to
an earlier and vastly different period. He belonged
to what then was tile first State of the Union,, to the
Virginia of Washington, Jefferson, arid Patrick
Henry, to the Virginia over which the curse of
slavery not yet ruled supreme. The names of the
great men with whom' his was associated, must not
be desecrated, by confounding theta with the South
of the present day. They belonged to a time when
that evil spirit which we now personify by the term
"South," was confined to Georgia and South Caro-,
lina. They belonged to .a time when slaverywas
considered to be in the course of speedy extinction";
when, indeed, it was fast being driven freed State
after State. Nobody could have imagined then
that an institution which, to all appearances, was
promptly dying away, would yet assume the most
gigantic and unforeseen dimensions, and oven pre
tend to rule the land. The reaction had not yet taken
place. Cotton was not yet king. Southern society
had not yet been organized on the basis of property In
man. The spirit 01 liberty; yvas yet . alive. Tbon it
was that Virginia could produce and nurture groat
men. But when that spirit died away, when slave
ry, instead of being abolished, was made the coiner-
Stone of Southern institutions ; when abolition be•
came impossible, and new Territorles were added to
the don.lnions of Slavery, the doom of the South was
sealed. She left the path ofprogress and civiliza
tion, and sank into stagnation and deoay. Her
glory was gone—her prospects were blasted—her in
tellectual vitality was destroyed. It is in this sense
that Dhave undertaken to prove that the South,
which we identify with slavery—the South, whose
political life and existence began with the muffle,
tion of the original draft of the Declaration of Ind°•
pendence. and ended with President Lincoln's groat
proclamation of freedom, has not added one illustri
ous narne!te the glories of American civilization.
W. .D.. NaGisooß,
.I have spoken of historians and jurists. Let us
turn to ry. Has American poetry grown among
the swamps and rice-fields of North Carolina 1 Has
it grown aroUst, the sugar.oane of Louisiana, or on
the dettexi-plantations of Mississippi I. No; not in
the "Sunny South," but in the frosty winters and
short' summers of Maine,
the muse of Longfellow
smiled. It is Northern Maine that claims Willis
and John Neal; Buchanan Reid is a native of your
own State of Pennsylvania, Curtis belongs to Rhode
Island; Mrs. Sigourney to Connecticut, and to the
intellectual nursery of Massachusetts we owe the
graces of William Cullen Bryant, Whittier,Lo
well, Richard H. Dana; and Oliver . Wendell Holmes.
Where, I ask again are, the„ poets of the South 1
Edgar Allan Poe, it is true, was born in Baltimore.
But Baltimore had that within her which enabled;
us easily to rescue her from the grasp of slavery.
No longer polluted by the connection with barbarism
and treason, the metropolis of free Maryland will be
a _noble gem in the diadem of our country's great
ness.. Let Pennsylvania hail her newborn sister.;
the nation's welcome to free Maryland !
Of our novelists, I shall mention but a few. Where
is the friend of literature who is not familiar with
the name of•Fenirnord Cooperl: Whore is the civil
ized language into which his charming tales have
not been translated 1 With what reminiscence of
early colonial life his graphic pictures are not en
twinedl It is New Jersey where the cradle of Feni
more Cooper stood. . It is Massaohnsetts that smiled
on the childhood of Hawthorne. It is Connecticut
that ushered into the world the kind.hearted author
ess of Uncle T0m.,.. It is New. York that gave birth
to Paulding, the friend and dompanlon of Washing
ton Irving. - • . •
Critical literature is justly proud of the name of
Ticknor, a son of Boston. A better history of Spanish
literature than his was never written. Among our
lecturers and esFayists shines Emerson; among our
great orators, Edward Everett, to both of whom,
and to hosts of others, Massachusetts Was the cradle
of their childhood and their fame. -
Of our vreiteraon political eeoboMy and the Science
of governthent, I shall name but Henry Charles
Carey, a native of. Philadelphia. and Francis
Lieber, a native of the land of Schiller, Humboldt,
and Goethe, in whose language an .open and direct
defence of slavery has never aeon the light.
Wherever in the country of his adoption one of the
sons of Germany has distinguished himself in science
or literature, in politics or arts, put him down for
the North It is to the free North and West, where
labor is respected, and not to the South, where labor
is despised, that the great stream of German immi
gration took its course, adding to the national wealth
and advancing the national progress and prosperity:
But whenever. owing to exceptional circumstances,
Germans have settled in a State blighted with the
curse of slavery, you may be sure to find them; like
the Germans of Missouri and Texas, forethost under
the banners or foremost among the martyrs of free
dom.
Let us now turn our attention to other branches
of science ard literature. Our great travellers—
which of the two sections' of the country is .to claim
them l• Let us drop a grateful tear on the grave •of
'Professor Kane, the leader of the famous Arctic
expedition in search of Sir John Franklin, and one
of the brightest jewels' In the intellectual crown of
Penney Win's. Let us pay an'admiring•tribute to
the genius of Settler and. Stephens 'the explorers of
Central America, the former a native of New York,
the latter• of New Jersey.* lia:yard Taylor, whose
graphic pen has brought the remotest countries 'to
our firesides, is'another noble son of Pennsylvania,
and Charles Wilkes, another ornament of New
York. Where, let me ask again, are the great tra
vellers and descriptive writers or the South 7 4,
The natural and mathematical sciences, and
practical arts will next claim our attention. Prof.
Stillman, a name which commands respect wherever
science is appreciated and understood, belongs to
Connecticut ; Bowditch, the mathematician, to New
York; Audubon, althoUgh born in Louisiana, was
of French parents, educated in France, and a citi
zen of Pennsylvania ; Mitchel, the astronomer, was
born in Kentucky, but emigrated to Ohio at tile age
of twelve years, and ever afterwards belonged to
that noble State which I am proud to call the home
of my adoption ; Agazzlz is a native of Switzer
land, and a citizen of Massachusetts, a bright and
noble 'link -el common brotherhood between the
land of William Tell. and •Winkelried, and the
country of Benjamin Franklin ; • Perkins; the astro•
nomer, James D. Dana, the geologist,' Luther S.
Dana, the chemist, Fowler, the phrenologist, belong
to New York ; Prof. Bache, the meritorious chief of
our coast-survey, to Pennsylvania. Where, I again
ask, are • the naturalists and philosophers of the
south 1 Where are the Fultons and the Monies of
the South'? Where are the heroes of science and
intellectual conquest whom slavery has producedl,
When century after century will have passed away ;.
when the last remnant of slavery will long be blot
ted out even in Timbuctu and Dahomey; when the
names of Jefferson Davis and .his barbarians will
only be remembered by the cold contempt of future
historians, the people of the United States will still
continue to honor the memory of the Massachusetts
Yankee, to whom they owe theintroduction of the
electric telegraph. •
With reference to the fine arta, I shall mention
but three names. Trumbull and Church belong to
Connecticut ; Powers, the great Anterican sculptor,
to Vermont. But where are the sculptors and the
painters of the South? ,
And shall begin to unfold tho catalogue of
Northerners who have carried American enterprise,
improVements, and machinery into foreign lands I
Shall I remind you of the name of Whistler, the'
enterprising Indianian, who introduced railroads in
Russia; or of Colonel Totten, of Connecticut, the
persevering chief of the heroic pioneers who built
the railroad across the Isthmus of Panama, a task
of; which other nations had despaired as Impossible.
•Go to Spanish America, and wherever steam navi
gation is being introduced, wherever railroads are
being built, wherever new and useful machinery 18
being established you will lied the children of the
North Suggesting, organizing, animating, or direct
ing progress and improvement.: Or shall I begin to
read the long list, the endless-list of, inventors who
form so striking a feature of American civilization?.
It would be unjust to mention a few where so many
ought to be named. Or shall I combine them all in
one sweeping generalization, and say that, with all
due respect to the many inventors belonging to other
Northern States, the 'people of New England are
eminently famous for the inquisitiveness, restless
nets' and energy of their enterprising genius, which
loads them from invention to invention, from. dis
,covery. to. discovery. • Is that the New, England
which certain slavery-sympathizing reeonitruation-
Ists proposed to leave out in the cold'? Athens pro- •
scribed Abdera and Megaral
.They might,' if
they had their own way, leave New England in the
cold; but ono thing is certain, Mr. President, they
could never leave her In the dark.
. nn .
I do toeau to say that the mare birthplace of
a man,'thn accident of his being born under a higher
or lower degree_ of latitude or longitude can of itself
influence his natural talents or capacities. On the
contrary, I believe' that the average amount of un
developed human genius is nearly equal all over the
world. It is not, therefore, that a' man's birth' in
Mississippi or Alabama deprives him of those ca
pacities which are the common heritage of the
human race , but this I mean to say, that the system '
uponwhich society is' organized in the Southern
States is such as not to bring:those talents and - .
capacities Into proper play.. It either leaves them
undeveloped or cripples their development. It
either discourages them' or turns them Into fruitless
channels. A system of society wide& recognizes as
its corner-stone, not the rights, but the rightless
nese, not the elevation, but the degradation of man,
cannot develop his Ingenuity and intellectual ac
tivity in such a manner as a system which recog
nizes for its foundation the great stimulating and'
civilizing principle that every man is entitled to
enjoy the'fruits of his own labor.. The one, In order .
to maintain Itself, must keep the masses 1n igno
ranee ; the _other prospers but by the diffusion of
knoirledge. The one depresses the many teeleiate .
the few; the other cadeavors to d.o the coldest, peg-,
THE- PRESIDENCY.
HALL . OF THE REPUBLICAN IN
VINCIBLES.
The War of Civilfration.
ADDEXEIS DELIVERED BY.PREDERIOR RAEWALTEEK,
AT PR/LADE/PRI/1, cnt:man 31, 1864.
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN : The argument 1$
dosed ; the case'has gone to the jury, and the jury
have agreed on their vordlet. It is a sealed verdict,
which will be opened on the Bth of November. All
the speeches that might be made between now and
the election could not change it, and I could add
nothing to the many able arguments to which you
have listened in this very hall. But perhaps I shall
be able to present to you the question which you are
called upon to decide,,from it point of view somewhat
different from the line of argument;nerally fol.
lowed by political speakers ; and W I
contrib ate
thereby to strengthen you in the convietion that'you
are now about to make the crowning effort in the
greatest and most important struggle known in the
annals of history, my object will be accomplished.
It has often been said that this is a war between
two' different forms of social organization, ono of
which represents a superior, the :other an inferior
degree of civilization. Which, then, is it our duty
to uphold'
SOUTH - ERN CLAMS TO
.8171.6ERIOILITY.
Southerners hare always boasted of a superiority
over the drudging and laboring North. They have
always boasted of their refinement and eduoatton,
of their superiority. In statesmanship and military
art, of their eloquence and taste. But let us look
-at the facts. .Vhatever justly constituted the pride
of our country in science,. in literature, the fine
arts, manufactures, inventions, and all that tends
to improve the condition and to contribute to the
happiness of the people, has originated in the North.
All our great inventors, naturalists, law-writers,
historians, poets,
travelers, artists, and, philoso
phers, were, with but fewexceptions, born and edu
cated In the North. It is only the demons or do.
struction that have come from the South. .
THE riownsts or NORTHERN CIVILIZATION.
I do not btlieve in that system of political war
fare . which makes assertions without sustaining
them by proof. I should consider it Wrong to make
an allegation the truth of which I could not at oneo
establish by facts. And when I say that it is the
North to the genius of which our country owes the
rapid and astonishing development and progress of
its civilization, I do so prepared with the evldence,
to which, for a few moments, I invite your at
tention.
HISTORY
Let us begin with History. AU Europe' and
Spanish-America have paid a tribute or admiration
to the genius of Prescott, a native of Massachu
setts. Among the names which swell the pride of
our country aro those of Bancroft and Motley, both
natives of Massachusetts. 111 Wrath is a native of
the same State ; Jared Sparks was born in Con
necticut, and Abbott In Maine: But there is another
name which must be added to the list of our his-.
torians—a name which always touches a chord of
sympathy and love in our hearts—the name of
Washington Irving, the literary pride of the State
of New York. Where, let me ask you now, is the
great historian whom the South has contributed to
the national galaxy 1
POETRY
BELLES LETTRES.
POLITICAL APONOMY,
TRAVELLERS.
NATURAL SCIENCES
ARTISTS .AND INV.ENTOES
TILE CAUSE , Or NORTHERN SUPERIORITY.
sible amount of good tope greatest possible num
ber. The one proo noes &jealous and narrow-minded
aristooracy ; the other the free and fruitful develop.
ment of an intellectual democracy. The one, from
the very nature•and character of its institutions,
enabling the father to sell hie own children, tearing
them from the bosom of the despairing mothef,
tends to blunt those feelings of kindness, and charity
will& ennoble the human heart; it promotes a
spirit of cruelty and immorality Which leads to vio
lence, duelling, mobs, private revenge, and lawless
ness ; the other, resting on the broad basis of mental
and moral education, and carried onward by a
genius of enterprise and invention ever adding to
the comforts and happiness of mankind, tends to
produce a spirit of law and order, always willing to
abide by judicial and majority decisions ; it restricts
the demon of private revenge, and promotes a reve
res. Cc for public justice ; its sensibilities are never
blunted to the struggles of the poor and the unfortu
nate. and its public and private benevolence flows
like an irrigating stream over a healthy land.
Sternness and heartlessness oharacterise the one,
mercy and charity the other ; arrogance and domi
neering overbearance the one, kindness and gentle
manners the other; boastful pretensions and intole
rance the one, a controlling sense of fairness and
justice the other; stagnation and decay the one,
progress and prosperity the other. The,ione, in or
der-to provide for its own safety in the midst of a
subjected and outraged race of bondmen, who every
day and every hour may rise against their masters,
must cultivate a military spirit. devote its chief at
tention to the arts of war, and live haunted by sus
picion and fear; the other, thriving and prospering
In the full consciousness of absolute security, culti
vates the blissful arts of peace, and adds, from year
to year, and in a geometrical, proportion, to the
wealth, the comforts, and the happiness of the
human race.
'MILITARY SUPERIORITY
It has, indeed, been said in Europe, during the
first years of this war, that the South, although in
ferior in the arts* of police and civilization, has
proved herself superior in military spirit, tactics,
and discipline, and that if she should succumb it
would be to superior numbers and not to superior
skill. Let ns examine this assertion. The more
physical man, who has led a life of uselessness in a
society where it has always been more or less iscees-
Baty for his own safety to be a good pistol or rifle
shot, and to know how to handle bowie knives and
revolvers, may in the beginning of a war, I admit,
be possessed of qualities which are considered Valua
ble in a soldier. The intellectual man, on the other
. hand, who has led a life of usefulness in a society
where there was no necessity for military skill and
prowess, the cultivation of which would have un
duly trespassed upon the time he required for other
and more productive pursuits, may in the beginning
of the war be inexperienced in practices which'in
military life are paramount. In this respect Rome
Was more of a military-nation than Carthage, the
Spain of the sixteenth century more than England
and Holland, the France of the seventeenth century
more than the Low Countries. But the armies of
Carthage. under Hannibal, were the dread of Rome.
Military Spain has gone down and decayed, while
the trading nation of England has become one of the
first Powers of Europe. The commercial people of
Holland not only broke the yoke of military Spain,
but afterwards, unaided and abandoned by their
natural - allies, checked the victorious arms of the
great generals of Louis XIV. There is this in the
superiority of civilization, that in the end it
leads to superiority in everything, whether in
peace or in war. And, sir, the American North,
which, without having cultivated military arts
in times of peace, rose when it became necessary
like one man, not from 'motives of sordid interest
and sectional hatred, but to vindicate the great
principle of constitutional liberty, has proved itself
a nation of heroes, hoe : ever badly at first its armies
may have been led by incompetent, lukewarm, or
. treacherous generals. The intelligent American
freeman abhors the butcheries of war; he deplores
its sad necessity ;he prefers the blessings of peaeo
.ful development and progress to all the glee
-ries of battle; but when his, country's safety, honor,
and,existente are at stake, he is ever ready to sa
crifice his life, his sons, and his fortune on his. wan
tryikaltar. Armed with the superiority of modern
science, and applying hie keen and practiced inge
nuity, schooled in the inventions of peace, to tho
contrivances - of war; animated by the conviction
which alone a great principle and a noble cause
can give, he bears unfalteringly the mortification of
temporary , defeat; he heeds no sacrifice of life and
treasure ; he shrinks not from yea.rs of suffering and
gloom ; and at last strikes down the foe in spite of
all his tactics and generalship; He must conquer
because he knows_ that, in the end, right will tri
umph over wrong; justice over injustice; freedom
over oppression ; civilization over barbarism. And
thus not even in the art of art of war do I admit the
superiority of the South, which in everything else
has proved itself infinitely inferior to the civiliza
tion of the North.. From the causes I have ex
plained the South may, in the beginning, have had
the ,adVantage of drill, preparation,_and military
practice ; but, on the other hand, it can never take
very long,to make soldiers out of a nation of intelli
gent freemen. And it would be a perversion of all
'phytical, mental, and moral laws if such a nation
were not to triumph over an enemy td whom it. is, in
every branch of civilization, incomparably superior.
OAI7BEB 01, THE DEEXIIH.A.TE RESISTANCE OF THE
SOUTH. .
But 1 am pointed to the desperate resistance of
the South, kept up for more than three years against
superior numbers, against an effective - blookade,
against famine and misery. There are, however,
reasons for this obstinacy which have °soaped the
attention of superficial observers. Southerners
light for the preservation of an institution which
has given them an easy life of comfort, pleasure,
and enjoyment, at the expense of the tears, the
sweat, and the labor of their fellow-men. They
fight for the gratification 'of _ambition and love of
power which, by the election of 1860, has forever
passed from their hands. They fight instigated by
sectional antipathies and hatred which the-differ
ence between the two systems' of labor inevitably
produced. They light inflamed by ignorance and
fanaticism, two powers which ever since the first
dawn of historical knowledge have proved the
most obstinate, bloodthirsty, and barbarous evil
doers known among men. They fight with the fear
of the punishments before their eyes with which the
law visits the crime of treason. All the mo
tives of selfishness', vanity, haughtiness, hatred
and passion by which the human heart may be cor
rupted, have combined to inflame their obstinacy
and desperation. Their ships are burned. They
know that, if they fail to establish their indepen
dence, it will be the death of their cherished system
of slave labor, on which at present their social orga
leization rests, and to which all their vanities, all
their prejudices, and all their passions most fondly
cling. The people of the North, on the other hand,
have shown their superiority even in military spirit.
and true herolem, by persevering in the sacrifices of
a war for more than three years of trial, not from
sordid motives of interest, avarice, hitred, or vicious
ambition, but from an intelligent, a noble, a sublime
'conviction that there.can be no liberty withoat law,
no popular government without order, and that, by
once recognizing the disorganizing principle of re
bellion and seceseion, the doors would be thrown
Open to anarchy and confusion, to ruin and dissolu
tion.
THS EOLITH HAS CARRIED ON TUB WAR IN A SPRAT
OF BARBARISM,
The North, consequently, has carried on this war
In a spirit of modern civilization and in strict con
formity with the benign reads of modern interna
tional law. The South has carried on the war in a
spirit of feudal barbarism and medieval brutality.
Ruthless barbarians who have diegracad the nine
teenth century by butchering defenceless or wounded
prisoners, as at Fort pillow and Centralia, ought to,
say as little as possible of their ChiValrous spirit and
military exploits. Hiding their heads In shame,
• they will have to shrink from the judgment seat of
history. What spark of honor, manliness, or com
mon humanity can be left in the dark bosom of the
rend who murders defenoelais "prisoners.!. Had it
been done by drunken soidiera and in the heat of bat
tie, and afterwards disavowed by tho leaders, the
plea of extenuating circumstances might have been
illBde. Bat as the crime standi without a disavowal,
as it has been defended, exalted, rejoiced over and
gloried in by.the vandal press of the South,- it cries
aloud for the expulsion Ot its perpetrators and abet
tors from the society of civilized men. It places
them on the same level with the brutal Indians of
the Northwest, with the Cannibals of Australasia.,
with the savages of Patagonia, and the ferocious
tribes of benighted Africa. Indeed, it passes my
comprehension how peace, compromise, and recon
ciliation, may be counselled with an institution
whose savage spirit tuis given birth to suoh a crime.
But had they their prisoners on the spot,
it 'would have been an act of humanity when com
pared to the mode in which they treated them in
their Southern prisons. When the secret history of
this war comes to be written, the astonished world
will learn that our enemies have differed from can.
nibais but in one respect. They have not. eaten
human flesh,' bet they have "done everything else
that cruelty and ferocity could sriagest. These are .
not fancies, ladies ar.d gentlemen, but facts ; facts
established by the testimony of hundreds of wit
nesses, and more eloquently, perhaps, than by•the
words of the witnesses established by their emtv-t
elated forms and haggard-looks, and by the shock'.
ing number of those who never returned from cap
tivity. Ask the prisoners whom we received back
in exchange, whether they would be willing to nego
tiate and compromise with those in arms against
the flag of our Union 1
And how have the enemies of our Union carried
on their maritime warfare 7 Have they carried It
on according to the rules of modern International
"law and civilized warfare? Have they respected
the rights of third parties, and submitted their
prizes to the adjudication of Courts of justice, by,
which alone the validity of a capture may be deter
mined and restitution decreed to wronged and inno
cent parties 3 Will you tell mo the difference be
tween robbing_ and burning ships presumed to be
long to an enemy and the piracy of the Barbary
States t In this, as in everything else, they have
disregarded the spirit of the century in which we
live. They have spurned and defied the obligations
which bind together the family of nations. They
have violated all the conditions of the great inter
national compact into which they asked to be ad
mitted.
Or is it the spirit of the age that manifests itself
in the confiscation of debts due to Northern credi
tor* a practice unanimously condemned by modern
writers, modern , treaties, 'and the enlightened ex.
ample of great Governments 1 Or is It the spirit of
the nineteenth century that manifested itself in the
revival of the barbarous custom of making hostages,
and adding, by all the devices of refined cruelty, to
the horrors of war 7 Richard 111. and Robespierre
may still find their defenders, but no, future histo.
rian will defend, or even excuse, the war of Jeffer
son Davis and his confederates.
808 .WHAT. IS AMERICAN . .CIVISTZATION INDEBTED
' • TO' THE SOUTH 7
• I have shown that to:the North the American Or ion
is indebted for all the monuments of its Intellectual
greatness and the unparalleled progresa of . ita civiliza
tion. I have shown that the Sooth has not contributed
ene tingle great name to the list of our historians, law
writers, poets, naturalist?, philosophers, and invent
ors. For what. then, is American civilization indebted
to slavery ? What do we owe tokthe South? Nothing
in science, nothing in literature. nothing • in mechanics
and other arts; but two ideas in politics, which have
cost the country dear—the one is Nattifi ation, the
other is S caution. For these two. indeed, we are in
debted to th - South. Give the evil One his due ! Let
him have all the credit to which he is entitled ! The
greatest blessings our country has enjoyed she owes,to
the civilization of the free North; the greatest curse
with which she has been afflicted she owes to the bar
barism of the pro-slavery South.
.•. What else do we owe to slavery? Anottuir idea, or a
name rather for another equally recommerleahle prise
tice—Ffiibusterfein Again, I say, give the Evil One
his due. The glory of that pAitical invention solely
and vac:naively belongs to the South
What else do we owe to the SontW, We owe to the
arrogant and overbearing .tone of 17Mt ipoliticians; as
long as flip ruled' the destinies of our country, thst
bad .opinion for quarrelsomonets and bullying. in
which, until recently,. we were herd in many
pnadr tsp re o j f u d E c u o wh ich We h e Spanish ea ndaAmersrunt
. and especiallY,„ the • Central American, Republica
entertained against ' us, until they were enlight
ened as to the real character of our people by the ori
gin and causes of this, present war. Onr country's
glory we owe to the spirit of freedom; our co intry'a
theme we owe to the spirit of slavery.
'What else do we owe to the South? We owe to her
the prostitution of the dignity of our Congress , the mur
derous assault on a senator While at his post of duty,
and other accuse of 'violence or indecency which have
diegraced our National Legislature The spirit of
slavery was the evil spirit in American history; I re
joice that we can say, et last, it was!
THE STATE OF SOUTHERN OPTILIZATION.
And could it be otherwise? Look at the condition to
which_slavery r e duced the States that ,uphold it.'
It is an indisputable and well-known fact.th at, although
the population of the !forth is far grea t than that of
the South, the number of those who cannot read or
write is far greater in the South than Ms in the North.
To the census x eturns I refer you for proofs of this state
ment.
It is an indisputable and well-known fact that, while.
the advocates of slavery could always obtain a fair
bearing in the North; nobody via% allowed to argue
agsinst it lathe South. • There it had established a deo
petit ZEL which could notbear the light of critical examl;
nation, trampled down the liberty of speech and of
the press. - private thought and utterance were subjected
to inquisitorial surveillance, and even the sacredness of
correspondence by mail was violated with a:ruthless .
hand. . '
It is an indimutableand wall known fact that private
revenge. dn.lling, mobs. and lawlessness, tarring and.
featbwing, and withal destruction of life' and property,
bad their home in the South, where the state of public.-
morals has always been infinitely lower-t an in tha
.
.
North. . • • •
It is an Indisputable and well- known' fact that in ag
riculture, mdbufaotnres, industry, commerce, shin.
b u ildi ng , modern improvements, the fine arts,-science
an d literature, the stagnating and, decaying South can
not be compared to the thriving and ever-progressing
North,
•
QUEBT/017 B.TATED.
d yet, that Institution 'which-has produced the
ereatest evils from which the countr whichuffered and
nffers yet, and nothing of the - good constitutes
-its welfare and greatness,has dared io raise its criminal'
hand against the fair. fabric. of the Americin Union. It
bee attempted to destroy a system of government under
"'which we. had advartoerl to unexampled prosperity—a
,system of government which was, the hope and the so
lace of all friends of humanity—a bright. and smiling
Atlantic in an ocean of misgovernment and tyranny!'
'But the day of reckoning. has come. The hand.
writing is on'the wall. The - nation is awake It is
grouped tda consciousness (tribe magnitude of the evil
which forbearance and compromise have never. failed to
aggravate. Let us Vier, the question in its true light.
Shall ail that is bad in our country triumph over all
tbat is good ? Sballnll that is shameful tr.umph over
all that is aloes:me ? Shall barbarism rejoice over the
defeat of civilization? Shall - the spirit of the middle
imes trium resolutione pnins of tbe nineteenth centur!?
The noble of the American people, whin/t, in
spite of the greatest sacrifices of life and treasure, has
remanded true to its cause for more than three Years of
trial, never faltering in its unalterab e and sacred de
termination. that noble resolution. I say, has answered
the question.
TO ALL WHOM IT - MILY CONCERN.
lam not a believer in long platforms. They are
(rented for temporary effect, ana soon forgotten_ lam
not in favor of the perpetuity of political parties. Every-.
now question will lead lo anew formation of partied,
and many new party formations may take place within
the next few years. But there is generally one leading
question on which each Presidential election tarns. In
If•6e it was whether slavery wag to rule the Union. Now
it is 'whether eleven , shall be allowed to destroy the
Union. The question is. whether that Union. which
'was conceived in the spirit of liberty, born in the spirit
of fortitude and perseverance, edacated in the spirit of
toleration end equal justice, and guided by the spirit of
modern civilization, shall be destroyed by the dark and
evil spirit of slavery? This question it does not take
a long platform to decide. That platform has been
written by Abraham Lincoln. It was nnpopneir
at, lint, but future historians will look upon Was the
turning point of the contest, and the salvation of the
Republic. It is the great moral protest of the Represen
tative of the America a nation against treachery and
• cowardice. It is only equalled by the proclamation of
emancipation. It was diets ted in an hone of trial, by a
spirit of fortitude worthy of the memory of our Revola
aionary lathers. It deserves to be written "in letters
of gold on tablets of marble " It is the act of a noble
and undaunted soul. It is the great proclamation : 'To
all whom it may concern."
Mr. Lincoln knew that this proclamation- might en
danger Lis re-election, and ho also anew that the draft
before the election would have the same tendency. Yet,
when politicians pleaded in favor of a .postponement of
the draft, he told them, "Gen:Grant wants those men,
and ho must have them; let the consequences take Care
of themselves." Be put his trust in trio American peo
ple, end after the Bth of November it will be clear to the
world that the A merican reople reciprocate his tenet,
It Is useless to argue now why theneople cent not con
sent to a disruption of the Union. The word has gone
forth to the world that the Union shall be 'preserved,
and the people will redeem its solemn pledge. Bat it is
equally clear that there can be no lasting peace, and no
permanent Integrity of the Union as long as tae element
of disruption remains. Wo deferred to slavery as long
as slavery would defer tb tho Onion. Rut when slavery,
unappeased by compromise and submission, insisted on
the destruction of the Union; when it rejected all oar
advances and refused all terms; when not even "a
blank sheet of paper to write their own conditions on
would bring back the haughty barons of the South, we
became absolved-at once from all obligations to uphold
or tolerate en institution the destruction of which - is
demanded, not only by our own sacrod duty of self
preservation, but by, the unanimous and deliberate
opinion of the entire civilized world.
Sball the descendants of the men of '76 be discouraged
by the long duration of this war? Was it not a war of
seven years which the thirteen little colonies of Ameri
ca waged against the great power of Old England, w ith •
out resource 6. without credit, without money, without
arms, and almost without hope of /success? And we, in
the age of steam and electricity, of monitors and ot ri
fled guns ; we, the most powerful nation on the globe.
With millions of men and, unbounded resources at oar
dispetal—wbh a fleet that might cope with the combined
maritime Powers of the world, and with a western ter- -
ritory containing the germs of a great galaxy of yet un
born empire btatee, ate we to be shamed by our dead
forefathers in their honored graves? Are we to bo
shamed by the immortal sufferers of Valley Forge? Aro
we to be shamed by the half-starved, barefooted, and
tottered heroes - of the Revolution, who held out against
misery, defeat. "and disappointment until the last letter
had been added to the - brightest page in the - records of
the human race? .
- - - .
To our soldiers in the field—to our dead heroes—to the
black fixtionists of the bouth—to ourseires and our child.-
ren, we owe the redemption of the nation's solemn
pledge. The national honor is at stake.and the national
faith must be kept.
I have said that we owe it to our soldiers in the Sold.
Let me ask you whether it is his paltry pey for which
the I:oldier braves the perils of battle, ready to sacrifice
his life on his country's altar? Is It his poor pension
that could indemnify him for the loss of an Rumor a leg
and a crippler. existence? It is &nobler ambition which.
lo ads him on to the gapes of death and destruction.
His reward is the applause and admiration of hie fel
low-men. It le the conviction that, when he retarns to
his hum% he will be honored and beloved, and that
when-the snow of ma ny
e , winters will have melted over
his heed and a new generation. has sprang up around
him, the el e of admiration and respect will sail ha on
him as one of the braves who helped to save the coun
try and to restore the Republic in the trying days of the.
areas war. Will: on rob him of this, his proudest and
his only reward? Are you prepared to tell the heroes
of a tiloneetd battlerithat this *war is a " failure. " and
that their enfferinge were in vain? No, my friends.
there was a time when the son disliked to hear that his
father was a member of the Hertford Convention.
There will be a time when the son will be ashamed to
bear that his father voted for George B. McClellan. If
cottage, perseverance. and self-reliance are no - tenger
to form White of our national character, thenlet IL3 bury
the American Republic in the graves of the Republics
of Grew end Rome, and let us confess to our adver
caries in Europe that they Were right in asserting that
republican self- government is au uriposeiblllty and a
failure.
OUR DUTY TO OUR DEAD HEROES
I said that we owe a debt to the dead heroes of this
war. The mother siteweeping at the windows of her
cottage near the village green, and waits:or the stage
coach to biing letters from her son who volunteered in
the cause of his country. Thou wilt see him no more,
poor mother; he sleeps the sleep that knows no waking
on the battle-field of Cedar Creek. Is that sacrifice to
be in vain ? Is that mother to be told that this is a
wrong" and wicked war? The anxious wife cons,
three times a cay, no list of letters at the post office for
news from her husband! Stretch not thine eyes, poor
woman; his bones are bleaching on the banks of tee
liver James. Is that marines to. be in vain? /a the
widow to mourn for aloss which produced no good?
The old grandfather waits for the r eturn of his darling,
and with a hand trembling with old age and solicitude
opens the newspaper that contairs a long and moarnfal
list. Let thy tears flow. peer tottering man; thy boy
will return no more! Is that sacrifice to in vain?
No, ladies and gentlemen, it Is an insult to the ntelli
gelled of the American nation to say that this war was
wrong m its beginning. it is an insult to the /Mart of
the American people to say that it must be abandoned
Wore its greet object has been accomplished.
OUR DUTY. TO TNIE BLACK UNIONISTS Or THE
I said that we tiws a debt to the black Un'onists of
the South. We have helped to wrong that race; it is
our duty to right it. We have proclaimed their free
dom; we have made a solemn promise; will the nation
break it? Shill your memory go down to history
stained by a breach of plighted faith? It is said that
this is Lincoln's war to free the negro, and bring him
into ruinous competition' with the labs of the white
man, and that the North will be ovt rrnn by the freed
blacks of t) a South. Let me tell those who say so that
they do not know the human heart. The negro loves
the play-ground of his childhckal as dearly as the
white man. He loves his home; he loves even the
scenes of his past oppression, • where he has lived
for so many years. the place where his poor cot
tare star de, and . with which all his early reccelections
are entwined. Take a Laportitut or en Rscpalmaux fr•im
his snow fields, where, there is but one night and one
day in this year, transpo e r t er into a more talciime,
end surround him witl the comforts of civilization,
and his heart will pine. fa his seals .and reindeers.
homesick for his dreary fields of anew. Thcinsandteof
negroes have been freed by this war, but how few of
them have come to the North ! Individuals may come,
and go, but zhe great mass of negroes will cling to their
old homes, where they are not chilled by the frosts of
unwonted winters and the cold faces of strangers; They
will work, as hundreds of them do now, on the same
planlatielia, and sometimes even for their Same old
Mailers; but the laborer will be worthy Ids hire, and a
new civilization. will spring up under the cheerful
energy of those who are rewarded for their toil
OUR . DUTY TO OURSEL92I9
•
I said that wo owe a duty to out selirea... We have told
the - world tl at the integrity of the nation shall ha main- •
. tamed. Are we to make onrselves the laughing stock'
of Europe. by admitting that we foolishly undercook a
task which we wore unable to accomplish ? --Are we to
have a isovernment, .or are - we not? I have heard
threats already that, in, case of Kr. Lincoln s re oleo
_tion there will be a revolution in the North. These are
the germs'of.the secession seeds.. *Let the principle of
anarchy once take root: and the rate of Mexico awaits
this proud &aerie-an Republic. We have undertaken
to pay a great national debt. Would we be able to do
it-with our credit destroy.ed by a shamqtl failure tig, k
the loss of an immense territory, with our promiseri
troken,*orirpretenslons belied, and the months of many
of our rivers in_possession of a foreign and hostile
Power? There is but one way to maintain our credit.
It is to prose to the world that the pledges made by the
American nation WILL BE REDEEMED.
fr.CADENY IttrUSIC.
OUR NATION'S CONRLIOT-ADDRIZSB BY BLS.ROP
SIMPSON
The Academy of Mole; was well filled last eve
ning, by an audience , of ladles and gentlemen as
sembled to listen to an address on the above subject,
by the , dietinguished divine Bishop Simpson. The
proceeds of the lecture were for a charitable object,
and a large sum was realized. The Bishop was in.
tieduced m a few brief remarks by Ex-Governor
Pollock. •
Toe Bishop was greeted with rounds of applause.
He spoke in effect as follows:
The question, in the midst of our troubles, comes
up—what shall the end of all these things be ? God
has given us some means of judging what shall be.
lie has given us speech ana memory. The history
of the past lies before us, and frofirit we may judge of
thefutare. History throws its rays forward amongst
things to come. Coming eventsenten cast their sha•
dews before. There is a God whore:gas In Heaven,
and governs the children of men. He casts one down
and raises another up, and amidst the terrible events
around us we can see the hand of God. If we could
know what wore His purposes and His plans, we
might be able to predict events. We may not Sully
understand thii;but we can trace the footsteps of
God in history. In history we read of the rise and
fall of empires : the crushing of great armies: . ..Bat
it will be cf no service to know those ,things if
through them all we cannot trace the hand of God.
We comelo consider this evening what is Gotra pur
pose witWas..ln discussing this subject I shallleave
an party considerations, and view the matter
in the calm light of reason. There are four. possible
Issues, and I think but four. The first is, that our
nation Is to be destroyed ; the second is; that there •
are to be two or more confederacies carved oat of
our nation ; the third is, that the form of Our Go
vernmente shall be ehanaerl Southern institutions
shall be substituted for Northern institutions; the
fourth is, that our, nation ehall be united, a free
nation, more pure and more 'glorious than it over
was bolero. Shall this nation oe destroyed ? If so,
God has changed his plans for the government of the.
universe. There's no recordin history of any nation,
widening and strengthening under free institutions,
being destroyed. Greece, Rome, Babylon, presented
long periods of growth, and then a long period of de
cay. Engler, d, which numbers more than a thousand
years of some of her institutions, Prance, Germany,
and Reale had likewise a record of centuries • and,
if this nation is to rise and fall in one '
century, God
had dealt with us as he never dealt with any nation
on earth. What are the indications in regard to
God's purpose with nsl Why was the discovery of
this nation re: Dried to so late a period? God spared'
tbeniscovery of this nation until a day of light had
.dawned, when literature and religion flourished.
When ColuinbUs asked for ships to aid Mdlsco
vering- this country', ha went to the pious Isabella,
and she said : Columbus shall have his ships, if I
sell my crown jewels to pay his expenses. Three
hundred years ago, whenever women- undertook' to
carry out a project they had their way. The vessels
were turned southward, the West Indies discovered,
and the American continent reserved for a later
period. ..
"When the Tiniest was forined all religious opi
nions were laid aside, and in this respect America
had done what no other nation had ever done, and
.in the education of -our girls no other nationn• on
earth is equal to ours. In its form of government
it has elevated the masses as no other country.
The masses of England and France are not edu
cated, and in Parliament it was argued that It was
better not to have the people educated; that
education but multiplie4 their wants. The conse-`
<pence was that very few in those countries
were competent to fill official Positions, while in
this country the poorest boy could hold the high
est office in the land. Every mother has the right
to say of her boy this child may rule the nation. A.
listening multitude may hang upon his lips. As the
result we have great mem in the obsoureat.places.
Gen. Jackson—Jackson—[applause]-was the child of poor
parents, and I have'road in history that there was
once a ralbsplltter--[tremendous applause]—who
occupied the Presidential Chair. The eyes of the
whole world are.upon us_, and men from all coun
tries come to 11E—from Erin, Scotia, France, Italy,
Buena, China
,Japan—and-we arc an asylum for
all nations. I have no sympathy with any
party who . would shut out from. our land a
poor flying Nve We have a Constitution 'and
a land wide eno ug h and broad' enough for them
all. I am proud to say that I live in , a country
which depends upon the masses, and is not afraid
to rely upon the passes. I have never been afraid
to put myself upon the masses of the people. In
our civil policy, also; we are a great nation. Where
ever an American' gces among the masses of any
people he finds friends. We have a record untar
nished by the foul deeds that blacken other nations.
England and Prance have been marked by deceit
and - fraud, and. I say, if America be, destroyed,
where is the nation to take herVlacel and I say,
with all reverence, God Is not able, to do without
America.
In considering the second head, we find that
where there is no Christianity the people all speak
dlfferent languages, without literature. Amongst
our Indians this is the case ; constant division exists
amongst them all. If we would divide, where is the
line of division 1 There was no impassable gulf to
open .and separate us foreyer. .We might patch up
a peace for a time, but it would last bat for a short '
time. War is terrible—it has taken some of our
noblest sons ; but, it' division be allowed, we will
bare an unceasing war, and . I- say better
fight It out now if it takes twenty years to do •
it. [Great applause.] I want a peace, -when'
it comes, that will leave my children .in, safety.,,
There's nedlviaion for , our country. I don't be
lieve the South want a division. They want to.
make us their servants, and take the whole .land
and Governineat themselves. I believe in the an- •
ewer a .Bentucklan gave to a John' Bull ,. when
asked what our boundaries were. He saittwe were
bounded on the east' by the rising stin, on the 'north.
by the aurora borealis, and on the south by the day
of judgment. [Applause.] I don't doubt_ some of;
:us would& tobjeet to having a nobility, if we were
to be the nobles. You wouldn't Object to having;
landed estates, eapecially if there wore tO,
them. [Laughter.]. If we had a n mar ,,,,
were overthrown,l believe that the bell-11,7Ni:
out independence would come togetherw
ring out liberty a second time.Fl^ele,
We arc near enough a monarchy n o ' ePleile
have Maximillian In Mexico; posately of gi bes
Is over be will find that he is a Itttli,th„iv_
r q
[Apple:Um] Our nation wi a ll: d as m o oemalts
tolifattliu.ll:
gle with every spot removed from her f a i,7 3 tei
Our statesmen saw the clouds in the h ar i,—
obeerved the lightings flash, and
Bus On, 42
came, until let last it burst upon us withe 4 4 3 %i
God 111 j - liE mercy bad Erep
endure the trouble. T e speaker proceeded Wert
the coast survey, by which we asc ertain ,pe%
bar and coral reef on our Atlantic and e n - ',ete l
'der, the depth of water of the varlous''
emptying into the great Atlantic, so th at : h tre ilt
. war did come we know every spot , and wer,. / ell
for the emergenty. and have already ne r i,,
waters of the South. The speaker now hap py
luded to the net-work of railroads, the r g 1 7 4
telegraph, the improvement in sewing
and articles of agriculture, and term, in 4 01
a tribute be the inventive genius of thee e t i N
the North, portrayed in language at ones ee" oe V
and forcible the great use of all these ~,
and improvements to assist us in the war fett
Union. In regard to the currency wad ba o
the United States Government, the
introduced the fact that they were ail Lee
upon gold, and in this connection gave a RT ievi
description of his own experience i s thkf
regions of the country, concluding this
of hes address with the consoling idea that i s.:
was enough gold in the mines to pay w ee!
war debt, and yet there would be a fortt:eh f .te
every man, woman, child and soldier in thl L ie
In the concluding portion of his speech he ; m e:
duced the intreduction of the monitor inveaterk,
Mr. Ericsson ; its triumph over the Itlerre-'
which event caused the thrones of Ecgia.,„r
France to tremble and to ward off interveme 1.'74
those countries. He spoke of the people of
South as brave Americans, bone of onrhse a j T l
fie shof our flesh, and he rather honored tv,l l ,
In a few years this war will be over, and thrs Th .
people of the North and South wilt tend those:
to shoulder and defy the nations of tha a. 4,4
In regard to slavery, he thought that the:eym; 6 `
be none of it left, if the war continued much lone;
In fact, it Is an institution very muck datneeo
present ; it seems to have the consumption ee l .:
in its last stages. The bright sun of liberty l ie
arise tomorrow . (this) morning over Marv,:
[Tremendous applause and three cheers for 4 7 1 - •
land-) As a nation, we have lived much in a
(short time, more than some nations have le„,
in a whole century. In regard to slavery , C t
thought he could see the linger of Provideetth
this affair. Ten years from this the little cslaat
,children will be full grown. They can say tr, E. ,
fathers fought for liberty, and then they Tu rf ,.
forth to the land of their origin, and redeem it,
so many-missionaries. The. land of heathen da ta ,
nets by this means will be* lighted up under ti, blisrful rays of Ohrietianity, - in all its glory. It
well known that the colored .people of the Sswe
knew where the North star !MS, bat now theyi a
low anti fight for other stare; anal who shall say eal
do not deserve their freedom? The reverend tom
man plaid a glowing tribute to the many geaends
admirals in our army and navy, which reinre
"brought down the house.e He alluded to Gia s
ray Grant in the following style : "I had ofte
prayed to God that we had a Jackson; [applause:l
a man of iron will, courage, and patriotism. A id
I think I Can say that my prayer has been ans were,
for God certainly has `Grant-ed that prayer ; fora.
have a Grant at Petersburg who has the reballea
by the throat, and there he means to keep it mita
he chokes the monster to death.'.' The allusion thu
wan made to the irreat general was received with
thunders of applause from eyery part of the hews,
STATE OF NEW TOM
Worrespendence of The Preae.l
PenT-JEuvre, OnArum Co.,
October 28, 1864.
Probably all your readers have not visited this tar.
ner of the world, although undoubtedly it would hart
been worth their while, especially if they have any
taste for the beauties of nature, in her wild and re
mantic state. Those who have taken a run 111 this
direction, had not, perhaps, as favorable opportnat
tics of observing the peculiarities of the scenery as
your present correspondent. Ilavingheard mach of
the abundando of game found in the woodlands and
mountains in -the neighborhood of Port Jervis,
was induced to come down here from New York
some nine or ten days since. I have ridden about
in every direction, and if I have not killed many
deer, partridges, grouse, woodcock, - Or rabbits, the
pleasure I have enjoyed, both in my rambles and
loiterings, haVe fully. equalled my most sanguine
expectations. - This you would readily understand
if I could only give an outline of half what I have
seen and heard, but my chat must end as soon as I
hear the railroad whistle; which, I am told, will bs
in half an hour. Then Igo back to New York, bat
.will be careful to take my notes of Port Jervis with
me, so that I may be able to give your readers sores
sketches at wiper time, which would now be
possible.
licw delightfully this village is situated I Ime
no longer wonder that so many resort to it in the
summer from Philadelphia, as well as New York,
especially as it is so easy of access from both clues.
The, beautiful Delaware begins to assume majenic
proportions as it approaches Port Jervis, where it
iijoined by the Neversink, whioh, although it can
hardly he said to attain the dignity of an A.merlm
liver, presents attractions along its meandering
banks that would more than repay the trouble of a
visit by themselves. The situation of the village,
almost surrounded as it Is by the "everlasting
mountains," would remind the European traveller,
especially at sunset, of that part of the valley 0
the Rhone where the river enters the take of Ge•
neva. The Blue Mountains do not, Indeed, poisw
Alpine grandeur at this point, although there 13 an
air of sublimity in their frowning aspect, softenei
as this frown is by the perpetual verdure of their
beautiful hemlock groves.
." There is, however, another difference between the
two valleys. While therm Is scarcely a sound to be
heard in that of the Rhone but the voice-of the has.
bandman or the shepherd, here the shrill whistle of
the locomotive is constantly remindlngus of Amer&
can industry and enterprise. What a number of tra.
vellers pass over the Erie road day and night! Those.
who have never seen for themselves would hardly
believe it; I have often counted thirty cars filled with
pasaengers 'nth° lightning tray." The enormoes
- amount of freight brought over the road would seem
Still, more incredible. The wonder is that so few
accidents occur on this line; considering that It la
one of the longest in the world. I firmly belie7e
that, were It otherwise, the constantly varying, be:
ever beautiful, or sublime scenery along the who's
route would always render it a favorite with the ad-
miters of nature. Bid, in truth, the road ii; g 4
well managed. I find this to be the opinion
of:" all unprejudiced persons who are capable
of judging. An fns nos of my own experience
is this: I. bad my horse and wagon put on
the freight train in New York at half past fire
o'clock P. M. ; I took the six-o'clock train myself,
and reached thief place, a distance of nearly ninety
miles, in, three hours and a half. Next morale:: I
went to the railroad office and found my horse
in the stable,' perfectly safe and sound, and the
wagon eisually ready for a drivel What I am in
formed on all hands is that DLr. Minot, the present
general superintendent of the road, is constantly
snaking improvements in its management, nor can
say that I have any reason to doubt the fact.
me political excitement of the three States
which meet at this point—namely, New York,
Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, is well represented
at Port Jervis ; but the large majority of its four or
five thousand inhabitants are decidedly in favor of
Mr: Lincoln, altimugh nearly all the pretty girls
are rdoClellantfes: As ram not a politician, and
have not time just now to form hypotheses, I must
leave your readers to discover the cause of this pre
ference fer themselves.
The people of Port Jervis have one institution of
which they are justly proud. I mean the Deer Park
Female Institute. I heard so much about this
seminary that There been induced to visit it daring
my-stay here. It Would require a column in year
paper did I attempt to give my impressions of its
various excellent features. -More than once it oc
curred to me, while passing from one recitation
room to another, that if men of means and intelli
gence in our large cities, who have daughters to
educate, were only aware of the peculiar advan
tages,„botli, mental and pitysical t enjoyed by the stu
dents at this Institution, spacious as the building
is, with its sixty single rooms, large parlors, and ex
tensive lecture halls, it could not contain half
of those for whom admission would be sought.
The Rev. J. H. Northrup, A. 111. )
the principal, is
an experienced and acccmplished educator, and ho
is aided by a corps of professors, each of whom had
attained distinction in other seminaries before his
connection with this. The latter fact is true,
for example, of the Rev. P. E. Steven
son, who has charge' of the . Departments of An
cient Languages and _Millis& Literature. Bat,
undoubiedlyenkilful and successful as Mr. S. is as
an instructor, he is scarcely more so than Mrs.
Wysr.ond, the, widow of an English clergyman, a
lady whose abilities and reputation would alone ba
a sufficient.guarantee that thoso under her tuition
would attain a high degree of culture and refine
ment. To the instructors of music, drawing, the
modern - languages,- sm., I cannot allude more defi
nitely than to remark, in passing, that the orna
mental and useful are happily blended at the Insti
tute. No where else have I seen light gymnastics
better taught, or more graCefully and profitably
practiced.
But the locomotive whistle sounds, and so I must
come to an abrupt close; even without paying that
tribute to the ladylike deportment and superior
intelligence of the 'students which they so eminently
deserve. Aiiquis.
NEW ,YORK. GUM
Nxw Yoas, OCt. 31,1864
• AhRIVAL OS TEM GEIIMANIA.
The Gerniania, has arrived with Stinthampton
dates of the 19th. Her news is anticipated.
TER STOCK MARKET.
Stocks closed very strong to-night at the Evening
Exchanue : Gold, 22.91" . New York Central,l243;;
Rudsen - River, 124 X ; Eric, 100 If ; Reading - ,
Illinois Central, 129 k; Cleveland and Pittsburg.
10734 ; Cleveland and Toledo, 114; Chicago and
Rock Island, 90%; Chicago and Northwestern,-ISY-s;
Chicago Preferred, 81M; Fort Wayne, 107; Chicago
and Alton, 8834 ; Canton Company, 37 ; Cumber
land Preferred, 53k; Quicksilver, 84K; Marl
poea,
INTELLIGHNCE,
Arrived, ablp Clara. Wheeler, Liverpool; bark
Transit, New Orleans ; brig Kenneth, from Jaameli
before reported abandoned after collision, towed up
by pilot boat No. 1; brigs Acadia, .31orant Bay.
Jamaica ; Villageßelle, CaMpeachY ; Si 0. Shall ,
Turks Island ; belnw, ship Atmosphere, Liverpool ;
also the French frigate Bailees. ' '
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