(ljt Vrtzz, FRIDAY, MAY 20, 1864 The flour and the Duty. The news from the army this morning carries with it a lesson. When Mr. Secre tary STANTON, in his despatch to Major General CADWALADER, stated that "it is the design of the Government to keep up the national . forces until. the • rebel lion is overthrown," he conveyed iint quiet way the duty that must never be' forgot ten., While we are engaged in the bitsi ness of fighting, we - - must continue to furnish the means of fighting. Men and guns, commisSary.storeS, and all the para phernalia of war must be produced and re produced as often as war and its necessities demand. :Military operations drain the country, and the drain will continue until peace comes. Our task is to send nien to the field, and support them :in the, field. We cannot escape it. "Aly Cousin of Orange will find," said Lours XIV when WILLIA_M HI began his last war with France, "that victory will be with the last louis d'or." The last louis d'or won the victory, as Louts sadly learned: ; i "An array," said FREDERICK the Great, " moves upon its belly." What Was true when these men spoke is true now, and the Army of the Potomac mind escape the conditions that have surrounded every army since war became the purpose and passion of mankind. :In this rebellion we, the 'people, have a divided duty ; some must go to the front and fight, others must remain at home. Our home duty is as important in its way as our field duty. If we fail in our obliga tions to the brave men in Virginia; they fail, and our cause goes to ruin. This is the simple meaning of Secretary STANTWS admonition, anti this mean ing is emphasiied by his Excellency the Governor in the, proclamation we print this morning. We do not know the.precise situation of affairs in Vir ginia or Georgia,: nor is the knowledge ne cessary. GliArT has large armies under his command. It is possible they arc large enough to crush this rebellion, but at this time we must not be guided by a possibility or: a probability. We must not content ourselveS with . sending into the field what we consider men and means enough. We must send all we lave ; when , we sacrifice upon the altar of our country we cannot stint our burnt offerings. All that We have, all that we can gain, our land and goods,- our very : selVes, we must yield without thinking of price or peril. If we gain this, we gain everything, and if we lose, all is lost: Therefore, it is i,tot good to say that our generals have asked enough, and be yond this limit they cannot go. Profusion now is economy, and parsimony is extra vagance. • We have so often spoken of these calls that in again referring to them we feel that we are repeating an old story.. Our fellow citizens understand the duty of this war too well for us to say anything byway of •in formation or entreaty. What we have to do is what we have been doing every year Since the war began, and what we must do to the end: Our enemies know this. Every . township in the South has' been again and again traversed by the inexom cle conscript officer. .FatherS and sons have been dragged front their homes and fOreed into this war. Weak boys, with half-formed limbs, and scarce beyond the, enthusiasm of the cricket ground and the play room, are being taken front their homes and coMpelled to carry on the con test to which their fathers and brothers have already given their lives. If the re bels can do this much for the cause of trea son, how much more should we do for the, cause of freedom and 'nationality? The country is again calling tipon her sous, and our response should be that of men NOM knoW their responsibility, and feel that there is no higher and prouder duty than that whieh 'gives it their lives and all that they have in life. This is the lesson of the hotir, and we should learn it before it is too late. • Responsibility of Newspapers. In the immediate simpreSsion of the Journal of Commerce and the - 'WON the Government acted upon the stern principle that the publication of forged State Papers must be skipped, and it was - right The journals whith gave to the world the false proclamation of the President perpetra ted one of those blunders which are indeed worse than crimes, and only the promptness of the Secretaryof State saved the Union: from terrible misfortunes in Fairope. It Was but proper that the Go vernment should - ;consider the publication of this forfzery sufficient cause for the ins mediate punishment of the parties legally responsible for its appearance. - Yet it : punished magnanimously in merely closing •the. offices of the two journals, and per mitting their editors to remain free to prove their ignorance of the fraud. The explanation Made by the editors of 'the Journal of Commerce and the World snakes plain their innocence of any com plicity in the forgery, but is, not, iu all re apects, a satisfactory excuse' for its appear ance. The forgery," they say;'," was deli vered at our offices late at night—at the time of the receipt of our latest news—too late, of conrse, for editorial superviSion." We are surprised to find New York newspapers confessing that editorial supervision is withdrawn before the hour of going to press. In Philadelphia, we belieVe, it is the duty of a night editor to remain with his paper till it is given to the pressman. Had the Government known that it was, the habit of the editors of fthese papers to abandon them nightly, it might not have suspended their Publication, for it would not then haveheen forced . to consider-the prominent publication of the forgery proof presumptive that they were aware of it from the first. No doubt the Government will rescind the order suppressing the publication of the MTN and Journal of Commerce, but the course it has taken should end in good. It must Make it clear that a newspaper can not publish forged State papers; capable of doing imineasurable harm to the country, with impunity, The Tribune, with its usual magnanimity, pleads the cause of the two papers, which are more unfortu nate than ,gtilty, but it is wrong in sup-_ posing that any loyal, well-managed news paper could have published this forged pro clathation. Such a journal Might:be de ceived by false reports 'of a great defeat, but ,not by this- lie, which no -intelligent; experienced editor could have failed to de tect: Stcam and Coal Oil. Yesterday, at their office in New York, the American Coal Oil Steam Company opened books of subscription to its capital stock, and we do not exaggerate when we say' that if 100,000 shareS had been ten deted to the public, instead of 50,000, all Would have been taken. How many were subscribed for from Philadelphia we have not yet ascertained. Mr. JonN L. LINTON, whose patent is to be worked upon, himself hails from this city, which may or may not be a reason why the project should be regarded With as much favor and interest here as in New York, where: it has been taken in hand by leading capitalists. In this commercially practical age, inven tions, if worth anything, are brought into action for the community, by that aggre gation of small: sums Which supplies joint stock companies with funds. JA.m.Es WATT, when he applied steam as a work ing power, had to raise money from his friends, and had oitintloss 'idifilculties to contend with at first, But: herei this American invention of geneMting steam with coal oil and other combustible fluids, will be developed by means of the public becording interested in it.. The, projeCt, which has - the great merit of extreme simplicity of principle, has been laid before the respective Naval Depart ments of France and the United States. In Flute, itWas reported oz to the aoyera. ment as fully practicable and extremely economic. Here, three Chief Engineers of the United States navy, specially appointed by Secretary WELLES to examine it, re ported to him, a year ago, that the genera tion of steam, by coal oils and other coin-. bustible fluids, vas infinitely quicker, in tenser, safer, and more economic than when coal was employed, and that, applied to the purposes of national navigation, it Would be especially valuable, as an iron clad or -,War-steamer would thereby " be enabled to keep the sea, under_ steam, two or three tiMes as long, with less labor and greater convenience as compared with the use of coal, equal weights of each on board being considered." In com mercial navigation the advantage would be no less. For example, the bulk occupied by the hydro-carbons, or petroleuMs, would not be half that now occupied by coal, and the Space thus gained, for passengers or freight:, would be the source of -high profit, to say nothing of the difference in price be tween coal and petroleum, and the certain ty that spontaneous comMistion,cannot oc cur with the latter. We need not say that not only in steamers but in stationary en gines generally coal oil Can take the place of coal, With great diminution of the cost of fuel. As the greatest quantity of pe troleum is found in Pennsylvania, the de mand for its use, this new Manner, must add hugely to the wealth of the State; It would seem as if this improvement on the generation of steaM—Lthat real ruler of the world—had been reserved to be supple mental to the discovery of the exhaustless: coal oil of Pennsylvania. The Death of Nathaniel HaWtherne. The sudden death of this eminent author must surprise and impresS the whole world Of literature. A brief telegram informs us that while stopping at Plymouth, New Hampshire, for the benefit of debilitated health, he was found dead in his bed on the morning of the 19th, by his friend, ex- President PLEBE; with whom he had begs travelling. Previous to that sleep from which he did not awaken, and that deeper repose into which he sank instantly, like a profound dreamer, he was in good enjoyment of :the calm life which was his habit, and which i every reader of his works may imagine. The loss of such a man to the conuntmity of Anieriean au, thors is singular and great; for, of all our men of genius, mine haVe contributed more richly to give faine and beauty to the litera ture of America: 'Beyond this, the services of TlAv, , rnoutiE's genius to the broad field, of, modern English literature has not, in respect of imaginative' purity and perfec tion of language, bCen excelled, except by TENNYSON. - HAWTHORNE was born in 1807, in Salem, a quaint old town. in - .ltissachtt - setts, which he_has appropriately glorified in one of his genial word-pictures. His first romance, which he published anonymously, in 1832, had a short life, and - Was soon buried in the World's and his own oblivion, the author having never desired to elainr it.. In 1537 he republished from the annual of "The Token," edited by Peter Parley" .Goon rich, a number of graphic and peculiar short stories, which are now so univer sally beloved among readers of fine lite rature, as the " Twice-told TaleSr" In 1842 .he issued a. second volume of :these wonderful little stories, and some lyears later he added yet another series to this collection of masterpieces in miniature.: Perfect as they are brief, " The Twice- Told Tales" have been read the world over,- and we doubt that the author has Written, in his subsequent and broader fictions, anything more thoroughly im bued with the finest and subtlest qua lities of romance and poetry than his stories of " Young Goodman Brown " and " Pappacini's Daughter," - which be long rather to the ideal regiOn of poetry thanto prose. In 1845 HAN'T.H.OHNE edited " The Journal of an African Cruiser," from the manuscript of - HORATIO BRTDGE 7 15. S. N., and in 1846 made another collection of his magazine sketches, under the title of " MoSses from an Old Manse "—a house in which he paSsed his literary leisure at Concord. For a twelvemontlr - he held the appointment of surveyor in the custom house at Salem, of the drone-like life of Which he writes in gentle complaint, when ri change of- AdMinistration drove him froth the desk, and turned him again adrift on romance. " The Scarlet Letter," a story of extraordinary tex ture, appeared in 1850, and was succeeded by -" The House of the Seven Gables," by many regarded hiS master-work, and With but doubt one of the most complete and Unique novels in American literature. "The Blithesdale Romance," barely suggested by-the author's experience as a - member - of the philosophic company of the "Brook Faun," appeared in 1852. NeVer were:the elements of a story More simple, and sel dom has a catastrophe been so natural and so tragic as in the story of " Zenobia." His last and longest romance,_ " The Marble Farm," published in late years, has given the widest spread to his fame, and crowns with a noble dream in Italy the finer labors of our American romancist. His minor pub lications tire his exquisite tales for children, and a biography of President PIERCE, his life-long - friend and fellow-townsman; from whom he received the appointment of Con sul to Liverpool. 'Many readers have hon estly condemned their favorite author for showing a want of sympathy with the earnest moral questions of the hour, and it is true, perhaps, that Mr. ILtwmonxE lived too exclusively out of the real and suffering world, and was too readily pressed With the sentiments of his friend, the ex-President ; but, as an 4 author, his genial virtues appeal to the whole world. We could well have spared what men, in our current phrase of applause,` would call a greater man, than Mr. HAArtatortE; a general or a statesman, or one in high power. His death is not a loss to America alone, but a lossto the world; for Mr. HAW THORNE had grown 'beyond his country, and belonged to niankinn. We shall think of him not merely as the genial romancer, as the quaint, lwart-reathing, delicious writer, as the GM Mortality of New Eng land dead, but as tbe teacher of great and noble thoughts. There is a beauty about the chardeter of the man, a--hatred of all things false, an-idolatry of the good and virtuous that Made us yearn towards hith and love him; and now that-he is cold and dead; and evermore silent,' make us bend over his tomb with sorrow: He has: giVen us a new World—a world that will forever be his own, and as much a part of ourlite rature. ds that of DICICENS i and Tn6.c.r; - .E BAY - , and WALTER SCOTT. Miles Coverley, and the stony-hearted Pynehdon keeping his fearful midnight vigil, sweet Alice and the posies on the House of!the :Seven GableS, the elfish Pearl, and Donatello, and. am, Hilda in her dovecOte, and midday in Perugia, the Custom House in Salem, and the many sights; scenes, and men and wcf• men in England and New England :that be Pointed and created, all come to the memory as we stand by the grave of this dead teacher. He passes away, and leaves no one to take his place. England may as soon regain her loit-TrucKr;RAy LETTERS FROM "-OCCASIONAL." WASIiThIGTON, May 18, 1804 It must be a salutary reflection to all who share the natural solicitude elicited ; by the events of the war, to know that the num ber of Union men killed in the late battles was much smaller than at first reported, and that a large majority of the wounded have not been seriously hurt, and will be ready for 'dirty in a few weeks. You have only to visit ..the hospitals to see how happy and well-cared for they are. There is, it is true, still great suffering. inthehospitals at Fredericksburg, but the Sanitary Commis sion, aided by the _GoVernment, is rapidly alleviating the condition of our wounded men at that point, and are regularly trans ferring them to safer places of repose. These facts are fit to• be :known, not simply because they will soothe the distresses of the. , families of our sol diers, bht because, they will incitethou sands more to enter the ranks. The Sub- Ernest aspect of the :war is the patiene4 plat patriotism of those who have suffered in battle. These brave fellows teach all. - of' us a great moral lesson. Even the men who have been dangerously and fatally in jtired—even the dying hero in his last hours—arc never known to utter a com plaint.: The rebel wounded look at the sight with delighted . surprise. •As they feel that they are treated with the same generous kindness and prompt attention that arc shown to our own troops, they draw the wholesome- contrast forced upon their -minds by the - remembrance of the dreadful destitution and indifference of the agents of the rebellion: Hundreds are thus brought to a keen sense of the mistake they made in following the counsels of reckless'and ambitious leaders: The greit charities Of: our people at home, and the protecting hand of the Government, while mainly called forth and extended for the maintenance - and preservation of the de fenders of the. Republic, are :never with held from the Stricken and prostrate rebel captives. But this touching example is only in harmony with the whole eimanct of our Government. The war is not Waged on our part for revenge 'or extermination. Even when the blow falls heaviest it is preceded by offers of pardon and Peace, and succeeded by the noblest_ offices of benevolence to the enemies who fall into our handa. OccAStortAh. WASIUNGTON, May 19, 1864 There is not the slightest reason for despondency. The general Military Situa tion could not be more hopeful. While Grant is massing a mighty force against the heavy columns of Lee, the important movement of Sher Man in the Southwest, only less conSiderable than that in Virginia, is proceeding triumphantly, and will se- Cure results that will be of first-class value to our armsi and consequently of overwhelm ing diseotragement to the rebels. Should Sherthan annihilate Joe Johnston, of which there' is;.:now every prospect, .and General Oanby retrieve the undoubted military mis management in the . Department of Loui siana, how long do you think it will take General Grant to coop and hold Lee and : hiS forces in Virginia ? Ob serve , and remember that in the two De partments of the Southwest we have not only large armies and fleets, but sonic of the most experienced military and naval officers. The Manner in which they' are distributing their material, and their late successes, must tell teiribly upon the de pleted eolunms of the enemy in those sec tions, and upon the impoverished people who occupy them. Let...us admit thd re, verse of Sigel, then, in West Virginia last Sunday, and, if you please,- call the attack in the fog, upon Butler, near Richmond; a check ; and let us even throw out of the count the manner in which both these ac cidents:were corrected, at least so far as the movement of Baldy Sthith is concerned, and what then ? There is undoubtedly no cause for despondency; in full view of the preparatiouS of Grant, the victories of Sherman; and the confident spirit and de termined purpose of the Administration itself. The whole present aspect of the situa tion displays the extraordinary efforts of the rebels to make their strongest stand this spring, and to this end they have in voked every element, and especially every element of foreign aid and comfort. They have been immeasurably assisted by Eu ropean influences, and they have mercilessly driven their own people to the work of reluctant co-operation and sacrifice. We draw our:resources from a willing - and patriotic population, and froM a soil as yet almost unpolluted by invasion, and certainly independent of the ravages of war ; while the rebels ektract theirs from impove , rished regions and a discontented people, and from the doubtful friendship of French and English rulers and specula tin's. When we study the vast net-work of armies, and the Unparalleled naval system that stretches along our entire coast and defends every threatened river .or outlet, we know -it is impossible that we should : fail. A' comprehensive intel lect presides over every . column—an in, tellect alive to the duties of the present and the responsibilities of the . fhture—while every loyal mind engaged in the solution of this mySterious problem, whether in the CongresS or in the Executive Department, or in the army or navy, must, of necessity and of conSequencc, act in earnest accord. ,Differences there have been in the past, but there are none now. General Grant is the magic influence that has extinguished animosities, conciliated discontents; and, adjusted Cr pOstponed rivalrieS, andnow all true men act together. Errors Will be . sternly corrected, without reference to fa vorites, and merit acknowledged :without reference to party antagonisms. It was the lack of this spirit that so long delayed and endangered military operations ; that filled our political household with dissensions, and that encouraged disloyalty in the North and gave confidence to our foreign enemies. It is unfortimately true that there are still to be found men who, prefess ing to be patriotic, would rejoice over the defeat - of Grant, hoping thereby to justify the failures of McClellan. But these ma lignants are lost and forgotten in the ab sorbing interest of the hour, and will only be recalled to recollection - and infamy. when victory'croWns our banners. NVA.SIIINGra'ON- WASHIXOTON, May 19,186 A Our National Finances. INTERESTING LETTER . PROM - THE SECnETARY OP The following letter has been addressed by the Secretary of the Treasury to a bank officer, under date of - May 18, 1864 : SIR: Your letter of the 13th inst., making inqui ries in regard to the kind of currency with which the five-twenty years 6 per cent. and the three years seven-thirty per cent. notes are to be redeemed, has been:received: It has been the constant usage of the Department to redeem all coupon and registered bonds, forming a part of the funded or permanent debt of the United States, in coin; and this usage has not been departed from during my adminiStration of its af fairs., All troasuit notes and other obligations, forming a part of the teMpornry loan; are payable, and will be redeemed, lo lawful money; that is to siy, in United States notes, until after the resumption of speciepayments, when they also will doubtless be redeemed in coin or equivalent notes. The 5-20 sixes being payable twenty years from date, though redeemable after five years, are consi dered as belonging to the funded or permanent debt ; and so also are the twenty -years sixes into which the three-years 7-30 notes are convertible. These bonds, therefore, recording to the usage of the Government, are payable ineotri The three years Treasury notes are a part of the tempora ry, loan, and will be paid in-United States notes, unless the holders prefer conversion to payment: Very respectfully, S. P. CHASE, Secretary of the Treasury. Changes in Naval Regulations. Another law provides that hereafter all appoint ments in the volunteer naval service of the United States above the rank of acting mastershall be sub mitted to the Senate for confirmation, in the same way and manner as appointments in the regular navy are required to be submitted. Naval courts martial have power to sentence officers who shall ab sent themselves from their commands without leave—to be reduced to the- rating: of ordinary sea men. By another law just passed, it is provided that for and during the present insurrection, the President; by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, is authorized to appoint acting lieutenant commanders, and acting commanders, who shall have the same rate of compensation as is allowed to officers of similar- grade in the rtiLVy. Any person who shall have, or shall hereafter re 4 ceivo, a temporary appointment as acting volun teer lieutenant or acting master in the navy from civil life, authorized by act of Congress, July fi.ith, 1861, may be confirmed in said, appointment in the nit'vy, and be placed in the line. of promotion from the date of confirmation, if, upon recommendation of the President, he receive the thanks of Congress for highly meritorious conduct in conflict with the enemy. Seamen distinguishing - themselves in battle, or by extraordinary heroism in the lino of their profession may be promoted to forward warrant offieers, or acting -masters' mates, as they may be best quail lied, upon the recommendation of their commanding officers, approved by the flag officer and the Depart ment. Upon such promotion, they shall receive a gratuity of y,lOO and a medal of honor, to be pre pared by the Navy Department. • ' The-Postal Money-Order System:--. The postal money-order system, just established by law, provides that no money order shall be issued for loss than $1 nor more than $3O. All persons who receive money orders are required to pay therefor the following charges or fees, vie: Tor an order for i.sl, or for any larger sum but not exceeding $lO, the sum of 10c. shall be charged, exacted by the postnias ster giving such order; for an order of more than $lO and not exceeding $2O, the charge shall be 150.; and for evex - y, order exceeding $2O a tee Of 20c. shall ' bc charged, THE PRESS.-PHILADELPHIA; FRIDAY, MAY 20, 1864: , The various amendments to the 'Rouse internal revenue bill, reported from the Senate Finance Committee, include the following, being among the most important. The collection districts are made equal to the number of Senators and Representa tives, giving caoh Stnto two additional districts. The penalty for neglect or refusal to make return of property to the assessors is increased from 20 to CO per cent. The limit to salary of assessors is placed at four instead of three thousand dollars, Assistant assessors are allowed four dollars per day, and collectors • are paid $1,500, Instead of $l,OOO, and 3 per cent. commission, not salary not to exceed $4,000, instead of $4,000. The tax on distillod spirits is unchanged, excepting Unit $1.25 per gallon Is charged from October Ist, instead of January let, The - tax on beer Is made $ 1 . 50 Por barrel. Licenses for wholesale dealers, when their sales do not exceed s so ,ooo,itre:lnereaSed from $25 to $5O. Savings banks are taxed $lOO for license as bankers. Distillers of grapes, apples, and peaches arc charged $12.50, Instead of $5O. Penalty for manufacturing tobacco -or segars without permit, increased from: $lOO to $3OO and imprisonment of one year, instead of six months for false or fraudu lent statement, Imprisonment is likewise inerensect. The penalty for receiving goods from one who leas no permit is inerensed from $5O to $lOO. The duty On illuminat ing gas is : reduced from 30 to 25c. per 1,000, and from 25 to 20c., according to the Quantity pro ducod. Tito tax on refined sugars is reduced half a cent per pound, lanely, 2) and 3,3‘e. On iron in blooms, slats, or loops, $3 instead of $5. On iron castings for bridges, $3 Instead of $2. On stoves and hollow ware, $5 instead of $3. On rivets and nuts, $5 instead of $4. On custom-made eloshtng, hats, boots, and shoos, 3 instead of 5 per cent. on the excess over $6OO. On smoking tobacco made of stems, Increased from 10 to 15 cents per pound. On sales of merchandise or produce, 36' of 1 per cent. On stocks, gobl e notes, etc., I=2o instead of 1-5 of 1 per cent. Cattle slaughtered for hides and tallow are ex empted from any tax. passpOrts, $5 Instead of $3. On deposits in banks, -..c.insteaft of;,; oft per cent. each half year, On bank circulation, g of 1 per cent. each half year instead of of 1 per cent. each month. The Navy Department" has received information of• the capture recently, off Mobile: Bar, of the schooner Judson, With forty bales of cotton onboard. She had run out of Mobile during. the previoui night. The master and crew profess to be UniOn mon. Charge. D'Affaires Recognized Mr. J. B. PIN2 %VMS that applied by Col. Benton to Mr. Pettit,of lmdiana,bat that the language would nut be parliamentary. if may gentleman would furnish him with a parliamentary phrase similarly expressive he would use it. The gentleman (Mr Loan) had also railed him a po litical guerilla, who dies a friendly Jinx in order that he may strike morn effectually, and that he Sad earned and would receive the scorn and contempt of every honorable num The gentleman front Missouri had.appended a foot note in the Conflresooo giving the remark of Mr. Benton, as applied to Petti t— name) y, is a groat liar and a dirty dog." He (Mr. Dawes) submitted the remarks which he made on that occasion, which are printed in the Globe. There was not in there a syllable which was intended r could be tortured into au offence against the repre sentative of the Seventh district of Missouri, who had prepared his speech In cold blood, and had added a foot giving language which he (Mr. Loan) himself ad mitted would - 1w a vadatmn of the roles, if tittered on this goer. So far as lie was concerned, he -welild !Palle laurels which. could tin as be won to grace the browl of those who think it run honor to wear theta. fie had made up his record, tiro( would abide the judgtnent which might be passed upon it. Mr, LOAN, of Missouri, desired to state to the House if iu that dismission he had used any tang - nage, nottusti fled by the gentleman - a speech, it was unintentional, and-he recretted It It was true, he had the notes of the gentleman! s speech before him, and that he framed his reply to it after careful deliberation. Ile believed the reply was nothing but n just and legitimate defence of an attack upon him, made in a most unprovoked man ner. The attack was not on his cause, but on his per sonal integrity. There was no ground for it. He re mated, lire gentleman from Massachusetts made a de liberate anti premeditated attack on his personal honer. If, in the opinion of the House, he had made an un justifiable reply,- be asked pardon for having done so. After what was said ify the gentleman, he (Mr. Loan) had no pardOn to ash at his hands. His rule never was to aggress upon others, arid he never would allow a sentiment of malice to rankle in Iris heart. But when ho felt his personal honor attacked, it wai his duty to defend it to the best of lus ability. The gentleman said he (Mr. Loan) made the reply when-his (Mr. Dawes') back was turned. ft was not his fault the gentleman vacated his seat and was not here to answer. He shot a parting arrow and then left. A friend had called his att.ntion to the foot-note, and Said, it being improper and wrong, should not appear in the Con greswional Globe, and this was the reason why he Amnia have withdrawn that foot-note front his speech. Ile honestly and sincerely believed the gentle man had made an unprovoked assault upon hint, fie had done what be believed to be right, though members might differ from him in this case. A QUESTION OF BLOOD AND VERACITI Mr, MALLORY, of Kentucky, rose to a personal ex planation, and caused to be road a reported colloquy be tween Mr. Julian, of Indiana, and hinielf, Nem the Daily (MA!, Mr. Julian, among other th I tigS on that occasion, said after an inquiry from Mr. Mallory: Vire who are known as Republicans and unconditional Union men sometimes associate with negroes; they live among 11., and, of course, we have dealings with them. Ent no such intimate relations egist botween them and the Democrats of the South." Mr. Mallory replied: The census bureau establishes the fact that 011e,A1 xth of the colored population of the Lorth have white blood in their veins, while only one-ninth' of the sMve popu lation have white blood in them." . . JuriAN. I have not examined the census tables Stott e facts stated by the.gentleman. It mty be true, for I believe mulattoes more generally come into the Northern States than those of a darker color, and of course their increase will be mulattoes continually, ha bitually, and as the result of a well-recognized law of Social order. The slave mothersandslave masters of the South are brought on to the level of social equality in its most loathsome forum. In some of the rebel States I believe the number of mulattoes is nearly equal to the number of Democratic voters. In the State of Missis sippi, if I am not mistaken. whereveryou find an ortho dox modern Demeetat,you will find amnlattO not faroff. The gentlemen is net at all relieved; however; by the white blood in the veins of these negroes in the North, for Elie! , have migrated front the South, bringing with them the gentleman from Kentucky and other distin guished leaders of his party.[Laughter.] Mr. - MALLORY said his object in now rising was to correct a habit which bad grown to be a nuisance, and against which he entered his solemn protest. MeMbers of Congress had been permitted, as an act of courtesy, to correct their remarks from the notes of the reporters of the Globe, and then to destroy these notes entirely. The point he made was, the gentleman never made the reply printed iu tIM C,tolie as applied to him self. It was a forgery. Rarely, if ever, had it oc curred among gentlemen to insert in the official reports remarks of a personal character. This Course was lefrfor the Member from Indiana (!r. Julian) for the first time in the histury of this - b .dy. Ile would leave the member in poskession of all the laurels he - could gather by that act. An end ought to be Put to these things; and the member went farther:, and inserted the word " laughter' 7 in his own handwriting. [Laughter.] The member from Indiana had insulted the Muse in the perpetration of another forgery by saying the House laughed. If the member was satisfied he had added to his reputation anything of which he should lie proud, he (Mr. Mallory) was content. ) Mr_ JULIAN, in reply, said he did not go beyond the line understood and recognized by - this body. He aP• pealed to the recollection of members to say whether the colloquy as printed was not the same snbst,ditially as it occurred in the House. The charges lie made were in verbal expressions, not in ideas or facts. He was 'sorry the gentleman regarded his remarks as personal. He would state another fact. He had seen in the re port of die official proceedings a speech of half a column, when the member had spoken only five minutes, the member having substituted his own pages for those furnished by the reporter. He bad given this merely as an example, hut did not complain of it. The gentle man from Kentucky .took exceptions to his remarks, which were not intended to be offensive and personal. They could not hear such an interpretation. lie hail tie .recolleetion of having interpolated the word " laugh ter." [lf he did insert that word it was an inad vertence. Mr. MALLORY, resuming, said the privilege had been exercised of changing the phriseology but not the substance of the remarks. He had- himself rarely ex ercised it. He had never known any gentleman of proper responsibility attempt to change a colloquy without the consent and concurrence of the oilier party in the act: No rentleman would undertake to do it. He tieclared and called on-every gentleman present to at test the truth of the declaration that- the personal re marks directed against him were never uttered by the - member. It was a forgery, and there were sheet.;; of• manuscript, to show that the member had sub- , tititted his own handwriting for the notes of the reporter. No such remark was uttered as- that, perhaps, the blood of the gentleman from Kentucky coursed in tteir etc. It was never uttered. Mr. JULIAN. It is false. Mr. MALLORY, of Kentucky. I say it Ls false; you never uttere.d R. Mr. WADSWORTH, of Kentucky. The memberfrom Indiana states what'e a lie, and he knows it. This hurried colloquy occasioned much excitement, and many members rose to their feet, among them Mr. COX, of Ohio, who demasided that the offensive -- words be taken down at the clerk's desk. . . . .. . .. Mr. G ARFI ELD. f demand chat the \ cords of the gen tleman from Kentucky be taken down. Mi,. MALLORY. I suppose the reporters have taken them down. Mr. isil7.iEß, of Pennsylvania, wished to know whether, while that was being done, it would be in order for'thElHouse to lake a laugh. The SPEAKER said it would not. Mr. WINDOM, of Minnesota, in his seat, asked whether it would be in order forgentlemeu on rite Oppo sition side to cry. • The SPEAKER said as no one had called Mr. Mallory to order, as was required by the rules in such cases, the gentleman would proceed. Mr. GARFIELD said.both the gentlemen from Indiana, and Kentucky were out of order. The SPEARER replied the point came too late. Mr ,NORTON, of Illinois, said that'hehad called the gentleman from Indiana to otaier. After further conversation permission wm given to Mr.fMallory to proceed in order. He apologized to the House for any language he may have uttered violative of the rules of the House. He rose to protest against the practice of members altering: the official reports. The member was not only guilty of forgery, but had destroyed the reporter's notes, the legal evidence on which be could be convicted. He had. piled crime on crime, l'elion on Ossa, and added larceny to forgery. The SPEAKER said these remarks were out of order. Mr. MALLORY. 1 begpardon. I did nix know whether they came within the rule or not. I express my regret that 1 was out of order. Mr. JULIAN, oflndiana. - lappeal M my friends from Michigan and Massachusetts, who heard my remarks, to sustain the truth of my assertion. that I may brand as false the assertion of the gentleman from Kentucky. Mr. MALLORY. IS that in order :, It is a cheap way he has. The SPEAKER remarked that when the House gives permission for an explanation they expect remarks of a personal character, and i he Chair waltsifor the member to be called to order for improper homage. This is the usage in such cases, and for this .reason he had not in terrosed. Mr. - LONGTEAR, of Michigan, having been appealed to by Mr. Julian, said he was paying particular atten tion-to the latter's remarks, and remembered distinctly that he used thelanguag,esUbstantially if nor identically as applied to the gentleman from Kentucky. Mr. JULIAN nest appealed to Mr. Stevens, of Penn sylvania, who said he remembered the remarks of the gentleman from Indiana, and thought at the rime that they were rude. Mr. DRIG GS ' of Michigan; next endorsed what was said by his colleague. Mr. "MALLORY said the truth- could be established only by the reporter's uares. Mr. JULIAN. I have thus branded the statement of the gentleman that I am guilty of forgery. I arraign him on the evidence of gentlemen who heard me say the identical words. I throw back into the teeth of the member— 'The SPLAKER, interrupted by saying. If no member rises to call the gentleman to order. the Chair will eat: him to order. _ . . Mr. JIM - LAN, resuming, remarked that the gentleman from Kentucky knew nothing wa.o more common than for members to take the reporter's notes, and substitute the same number of pages, withholdi rig the notes. If the member thinks proper to be a blackguard and a rufilan I cannot help it. • Mr. MALLORY replied that his recollection Was clear and distinct that no such language was uttered. None of the gentlemen celled upon to prove it say that he tit tered these words, but only substantially what is in the Globe. Mr. KEIZNAN, of New York, ,having been appealed to by Mr. filallory; said he sat near to Mr. Julian, but did not hear him say that the blood of the gentleman from Kentucky coursed in negroes' veins, or anything to that effect. Mr. BALDWIN, of Michigan, who 'also sat by Mr. Julian on that occasion, said at the latter had made o such reference. . _ dlr. GRISWOLD, of ..New York, remarked that Mr. Julian's remarks were in the character of Seaeralea prersions. _ Mr. AMOS MYERS, of Pennsylvania, Asked—Will the gentleman from Indiana be allowed bicall rebutting wit nesses? [Laughter.] - Mr. SCHENCK. of Ohio. Will the gentleman from Kentucky allow a chapter from the Pickwick Post humous Papers to be read? Mr. MALLORY. Some of your remarks would answer just as well. [Laughter.] Mr. PROYN, of New York; confirmed the statements of the witnesses called out by Mr. Mallory. He heard every word Mr. Julian said, l.taring sat in front of him. Mr. MILLER, of Pennsylvania, said his own recol leCtion squared with the gentleman s. 'The gentleman from Indiana did not - utter the language in the GloSe. He did not believe the gentleman would have tittered it unless under lock and key or under the protection of the Mr. :AMOS MYERS objected to his colleague express ing such an opinion. Mr. 11LD, 3 ,9, of Ohio, said he did not hear Mr. Julian use the lan,ouage as printed. Mr. MALLOE Y. The 'member from Indiana has the only 'absolute- and conclusive prool—iiamely, the reporters notes—to show wheilier he uttered the ex pression or not. If he can show that he did utter the language I will retract my charge; if net, will insist .upon.the charge. Mr. JULIA.b. then called upon Mr. Orth, who said he did not remember Mr. Julian- s exact words, but the impression on -his mind was that they were as printed. in the Globe. - - Mr. DEMING, of Connecticut, said he at the time looked to see whether there were any_ladieS in the gal lery, and therefore he paid particular attention to the gentleman's remarks: lie could not assert that the identical language appeared in the Globe, but he dis tinctly remembered the same idea was conveyed by it. Mr. JULIAN said the gentleman frost Kentricky had proven by several Members that they did toot hear him, and now having proved that he did use the language, ho submitted his case as made out. He commended the gentleman to the Globe reporters. Let him ask them. At a subsequent period, Mr. Julian having succeeded in finding apart of the repofter's notes, produced them for the inspection of Mr. MALLORY, who, after examin ing them, said they:leer° in accordance with what had been printed, and, of course, he retracted the charge of forgery. He (Mr. Mallory) would nor have made the charge but for his distinct recollection of the matter. He understood the member hum Indiana as bringing charges against the Southerners, as a class, of mingling their blood With that of the slaves, and for that reason ho replied that the emigration of a e 1.., of white men to the South accounted for the number of mulattoes goinit North. - -If lie had at that time understood , the member as addressing him personally his reply would bare been different. The gentleman lias relieved him self of the charge of forgery, and retract. Mr. JULIAN, in replying to Mr. Miller, of Pernasyl vaniil, said, I suppose he speaks from his. own feelings, and possesses the cowardice lie charges.on um. Here the mistier ended, and the Honseptoceeded the consideration of the joint resolution, heretofore re ported, providing for rho appointment of conunisAonera in order to effect a inure perfect reciprocity of trade be tween the United iitates and the British North American Province,. RECIPROCITY OF TRADE WITH THE DMth a rno- Ramsey, Saulsbury, Ten liyek, Trumbull, Vau Winkle, Wade, Wilkinson, Willey. Mr. PINE, of Missouri, said that reciprocity had now been in operation nearly ten years, and we mad judge fairly of its influence upon die trade of the country. It way, as a business arrangement, au entire failure. It had not fulfilled any considerable expec ations of its originators. The fisheries had expected benefits from its but instead of that they had been losers. Mr. (lax tier said the other day, in the Canadian Parliament, that the "codfish had made the treat*, and would con tinue : it t" but he slandered the cod fish, which were valuable fish, and neither made the treaty nor desired its continuance. The manufacturing and commercial inter ests of the country had both sutfe 1)(41 froth the treaty. At the time of its ratification we were exporting to the PrO- Vinci% about three dollars for every elm imported, and were receiving atumaliy a balance from them of about $16,1X10,00) lu gold. Now the balance of trade is against us. The treaty has failed to bring about good feeling be tween the two countries. - Great Britain had acted badly during the war, mid so had the Provinces. British chips, like the Alabama and Florida, were destroying our commerce; provincials, at Nat.stia, were busy aid ing the rebels, and running the blockade, which was violated by the vessels no other nationality except the British; and - on our northern and eastern frontier they were busy in defrauding Our revenue, rind smuggling into our marketsgoods Which had received drawbacks at our custom-houses;-and were trANIX to the Proriticos for the 'purpoSo Qt being smuggled hack. In these 'various .ways we were seriously injured, and it was high time to put an end to granting these largo boons to the Provinces. • . • Mr. ARNOLD, of Illinois ' maintained. that the subject now under consideration should be viewed, - not in a sectional, but a national aspect; experience had shown tint the treaty needed many essential modifications, bat shOuld net be abrogated. Ito dwelt nada the importance of this measure to the agricultural interests of the Northwest in connection with a communication with the Atlantic. These groat outlets are a necessity to that portion Of the Union. , - Without tigthr preceeding,s the _Reim A DISORDEP.LY SCE E Pabiic Eutertainmentsy lIMSTI COMEDY—THE ARCH-STREET, THEAT- Ever since the memorable Tyrone rolver b father of a kind of acting called 'Mai Gob stage has grown a regular crop of this kin inor; of late years, probably, more rank than 1 • - °us. Power's genius has had a succession far great er than Bangui), and, although the number of good stage Irishmen are so few, the line, as it goes. stretch out to the crack of doom, if our stage ways to be as barren as it is now. Irish Comet been sure of favor; and whether lite actor haS good, bad, or indifferent, he has rckelved a gooe turgid langh—this, sometimes, at the expense of public ; but what of that? The public is riefi cue in favor to dower all the Irishmen who choof venture their lilttrimony of humor upon the sl The Irish topic, in almost every form, has beer or less a popular one—lreland itself is rare a nations for its story of suffering, and the Irish racteristics are distinctly above all other nati traits. That a people so pastoral, warlike, unfortunate, should have had so strange interesting an element or mind as I which is given to US in Irish charm and literature, is not at all wonderful. ' Irishman must remain for some time a novc "Green Erin," "Tara's Harp," "Tipperary," "Pm Sitting on the Stile, Mary," will not dio nor, for the most part, would the world permit good things to die. Spite of everything, the I man has a nationality in literature and art, as as elsewhere; although in literature he does amount to much, and in art is not generally reel ed an artist. He is great as an Irishman chb He belongs to the world, and to everybody, not much to himself; with a mixture of all ' of talents, follies, humors, anal passions. world has hardly seen him at his best, but may out of what it blows of Irish character, liter: and music, the ideal of an Irishman in comedy is an epitome of clever things, and is seldo never more than clever, we think; bat there original dash and flavor which he gives to his hi and which keeps all his extravagances in a state of preservation and consistency. Nothing could be more popular, as the tern) and nothing could be so easilypopular. Irist dies, Irish humor, Irish song, and Irish pathos the rich property of the Irish people, and I had things of this character so popular and so ral an oridn. What Irish authors and actors done is hardly their own, and has been easily c for the material has been plenty and ready at h The element from which they have drawn has spirit of nature and genius In it, and influences world in thousands of ways. But all they have they have got very cheaply, by drinking at the i mon spring and kissing the comaloa blarney-st so: that it would seem the easiest thing for an Jr , man to write. Irish dialogue and talk brogue humor. The Irish comedy which has, of late days, bet forth to entertain us, has had little merit other the fact that It was Irish. Art indulgent in grins and bears the trashiest acting besides, bee: it has the frail merit of being Irish to cover its Now, there -is no real virtue in merely tr brogue, and hundreds of humble pipe -smokers furnish us with better - character than we see on stage. After negro minstrelsy, Irish acting has come the cheapest success, and the lower his col dy the more popular the actor who deseerate,s character which. he is vain enough to think portrays. Acting of this kind has become outrageous small vice, and it has been tiatti to excess. But the truth is, the current Ir comedy is much below the regular low come of the stage, and many of the representati of Irish character are far inferior in intellige to our ordinary low comedians. Nevertheb the Irish farce is terribly popular, in spite its extravagant bad taste. Worthless as play may be, the actor is worse. Talk hr whirl a shillelah, mouth a little blarney—(the distinctly Irish of the Irish stage qualities)—ar comedian makes himself with as much ease , Ethiopian clown acquires his clog-dance and grimaces. This kind of acting is neither fish flesh, and certainly does not belong to the pr stage. We can only imagine a place for it in Pound for bad actors. The performances of Mr. Frank Drew at Arch-street Theatre have given us occasion for reflections upon the degeneracy of the Irish of acting. There is, perhaps, a good field ft Irishman, who has the instincts of an artist an, a clown, to do justice to some of the best cht teristies of his nation; and such an Irishman, a special genius, is welcome to his special w But otherwise, the great mass of the Irish pl were better settled into place behind, or with stock force of the stage, where Mr. Drew will doubt settle with them. This gentleman is the test star appearance, and his claim to considerat would seem the more recognizable that he is a b. - tiler of the late Mr. John Drew. But he has an tl faults of his very faulty and talented brother, wi scarcely any of his peculiar merits. It is also markable that the farce or comedy which he y forms sustains the broad weight ofvulgar eariem which he imposes. It is not less surprising that lag so entirely destitute of ordinary deco' should set up for merit. The latest performance of Mr. Drew is in the..ni play of " Mac Oarthy More," Which, we are formed, has been expressly written for hint by Sal Lover, the well-known Irish novelist and scat writer. A drama by Lover could hardly be withc some sort of cleverness, and "Mac Oarthy Mor contains, at least, a hint or two of something good. is a play in which the author says just what happy at hand, and in which the actor may do just as pleases.. As it is nearly barren of character, it. course, fails of use as an Irish drama, ated if e' as a story, is very tedious as a play. Of the Darby Sullivan it is only necessary to c'N takes as little merit from Mr. Drew'° perk as it gives. But we shall not eenwure Mr. DI much for that want of good taste which is r of more popular actors. Wirshall not regrc him return to his proper position upon the his follies as an actor hate not lost him the satisfy good taste ; and w 2 shall be glad , that, for a time, at least, the stage Irish= been sent into exile. M-T. Drew will take his benefit this even: gearing in two comedies, and the extrava,f "11l Treated 11l Trovatore." CHEST:NTT-STREET THEATRE.— Yesterdi fling the drama of "Fraud and its Victim: played at this place of amusement. The ph old hackmeyed one of a virtuous family, em of a widow, a beautiful and innocent da.ught a noble-hearted son, who are reduced to ' by a; fraud perpetrated upon the late the family by a villainous banker, V lives in affluence under an assumed name. final catastrophe of suicide or starvatie averted by the happy interposition of confidential clerk who possesses a miraculoi served receipt, which restores the long lost while the wretched defrauder of the widow phans is borne ie - nominionsly away to ineao or transportation. The best parts of the peat)] in fact, all that can be tolerated, are those b the facetious eharadters appear. Mr. Walter plays Tans Trumper,the confidential clerk,aft a knife pedler, with great skill and humor Annie Ward is very natural and entertainim part of Patty Raselips, the sandwich vender, Ward gives a blunt, straightforward (Tenn( her lover Gabriel Pennypat. The rest of ti might as well be omitted, for it is actually vi for the performers to support. The entire drama will be repeated to-night. i . Mu. E. L. TILTON, the stage manager of th Walnut-street theatre, offers an attractive bill o the occasion of his benefit this evening. Mf Lu cille Western has volunteered her services, appear as Lead, with Mr. Whalley as Zia( apostate. Carneross C Dirty will render assistance, and Mr. Tilton will appear in a drama_ The friends of the beneficiary she neglect this opportunity.of giving solid 0 of their esfeem. SANITARY Commissiox SCOTTISH Cox, This evening, at Musical Fund Hall, there one of those heart-stirring Gatherings of ti which the public have always found at: The various Scottish Societies in this ci united to give a concert in aid of the U. S. Commission, and the chieftains will appeal splendid Highland costume on the occasion, national song, with chorus, written and c. by Mr. John Hiliyer, of iNew York, will I and the strength of the programme may bt from the feet that Mr. Bishop, Mr. Ali Robb, Mr. George Simpson (New - Yorl Malian, Miss M. Shell, Mr. James Mr T. E. Harkins, Mr. J. Duncan, Jr., Daniel Mclntyre, (the latter also acting as tor,) have volunteered their services. TI nineteen pieces on the programme, which w some of them to be encored, if desired. Al find an audience of some fifteen hundred pi Musical Fund Hall, this evening, we hope. ELEVENTII-STP.UNT OPERA Horst. Can Dixey:s admirable troupe of ethiopian CCI give entertaining performances every even At - enor.c NOTICE—LAI:OE. AND ATTI SALE OP Boors AND SHOES.—The attei buyers is called to the large and attractive sale of 1 : 000 cases prime boots, shoes, brogans, balmorals, cavalry boots, he., embracinga fresh and desirable: f assortment of goods, to be sold by catalogue, this morning, commencing - at 10 o'clock precisely, by Philip Ford h. Co., auctioneers, at their store, Nos. • 625 Market and 522 Commerce streets. iii - SALE OF FELISITrItE THIS BIORNING.-Illesars. ; Birch Si Son, No. DU Chestnut street, sell this morn- int:, at 9 o'clock, a large assortment of superior household furniture, including parlor and chamber suites, carpets, pianos; also, glass-shades, liouarg s &e., comprising over 500 lots of desirable goods. • NEw Music.—We have received from the corn poser, Mr. Harper F. Smith, the " American Fleet. 'r Waltz," which is just published by Marsh, A Ormors CEIZEMONY.—On Thursday morning, April 2ist. at an early hour, a ceremony of a very peculiar character occurred at the - West - Bromwich Cemetery. At about six o'clock, Mr. George Wilks, an octogenarian politician, who had taken a leading, part in affairs of a local nature for many years, ac-! companied by a few private friends, assembled for the purpo'se of laying the first stone of the grave in-I tended for the reception of his remains " when he has shunted off this mortal coil." - the Fides Achates of the expect: selected to perform the ceremony. ed with an elaborate silver trowel lectured for the occasion. Mr. B ceived the trowel, after the usu: been performed, read the followi the name of the ratepayers of Wei hereby lay the first brick of the ti beloved and esteemed patriot, G, we beseech Thee, 0 Lord, that the to live in this world he may live it love of God. so that in hislast uu able to say, All is well, all is w noble spirit ascend to that place and harmony—Heaven—and be 'All is well.' 0 Lord we besecel tomb with the love of the Holy G ceremony was concluded those I ceived the sacrament.—ifirmingh. G. Porn AND THE Izinik:c. correspondent of the Chicago TM is not true that General Pope and of his troops ore going to Washing trary, the campa s ign against the Ii commence. General Sully is real are meat of mounted infantry, valey, and a battery, all under , will join him at a certain point on the two expeditions will, then ' Indians,