MESSAGE OF JEFFERSON DAVIS.
DESPONDENCY OF THE SOUTH
THE REBEL DISASTERS IN THE HELD.
failure of Southern Finances and Diplomacy,
THE EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS.
The French. Policy In Mexico Endorsed.
CONSCRIPTION WITHOUT SUBSTITUTES.
'MR. DAVIS' RECOMMENDATIONS
To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Con*
federate States:
The necessity,for legislative action, arising oat of the
Important events that have marked the interval since
tout adjournment, and my desire to have the uld of
your counsel on other matters of grave public interest.
Tender your 'presence at this time more than ordinarily
welcome. - Indeed, bat for serious obstacles to convok
ing vou in extraordinary eesaloii, and the necessity for
my own temporary absence fromMhe Mat of Govern*
mint, I would Have invited you 4o an earlier meeting
than that fixed at the date of your-adjournment.
Grave reverses befelour armies sood after your depic
ture from Richmond Early in July our strongholds at
Vicksburg and Port Hudson, together with their entire
garrisons, capitulated to the combined laud ana naval
forces of the enemy. The important interior position of
Jackßon next fell into their temporary possession. Oar
unsuccessful assault on the post at Helena was followed,
At a inter uftHod. by theiovasiOD of Arkansas; and the
retreat of S oor arm, from Little Bock Rare to the enemy
the control of the important valley in which it is situ-.
at The resolute spirit of the people soon rose superior to
the temporary despondency naturally resulting from
these reverses. The gallant troops, so ably commanded
in the States beyond the Mississippi, id dieted repeated
defeats on the invading armies in Louisiana and on the
coast of Texas. Detachments of troops, and active bo
dies of partisans, kept- up so effective a war on the Mis
sissippi river as to practically, destroy its value as an
aveaue of commerce. - - , .
The determined and successful defence of Charleston
against the joint land and naval operations of the enemy
afforded an inspiring example of oar ability to repel ihe
attacks even of the'iron-elad fleet on which they chiefly
rely: while on the northern frontier our success was
still more marked. •
The able commander who conducted the campaign in
■Virginia determined 10 meet the threatened advance on
Richmond, for which the enemy had made.long and
costly preparations, by forcing their armies to cross the
Potomac and fight in defence of their own capital and
homes. Transferring the battle-field io iheir own soil,
he succeeded In compelling their rapid retreat from Vir
ginia. and in the hard-fought battle;of Gettysburg in
flicted such severity of punishment as disabled them
from early renewal of the campaign ,as originally pro
jected Unfortunately, the communications on which
our general relied for receiving his supplies of muni
tions were interrupted by extraordinary floods, which
so swelled the Potomac as to render impassable the fords
by which Ms advance had been made, and he was thus
forced to a withdrawal, whica was conducted with de
liberation, after securing large trains of captured sup
plies, and with a'constant but unaccepted tender of bat
tle. 1 On more than one occasion the enemy has since
made demonstrations of a parposo to advance, invaria
bly followed by a precipitate retreat to entrenched lines
on the approach of cur forces. ' •
The effective check thus opposed to the advance of the
invadeiß at all points was such as to afford hope of their
early expulsion from portions of the territory previous
ly occupied by them, when the country was painfully
surprised by the Intelligence that the officer in command
of Cumberland Gap had surrendered that important and
easily defensible pass without firing a shot, upon the
summons of a force siill believed to have bean inade
quate to its reduction, and when reinforcements were
Withinsupporting distance and had been ordered to his
aid.' The entire garrison, including the commander,
being still held prisor era by tho enemy, I am unable to
BHKKD&t flay explanation of this disaster, which laid open
.Eastern Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia to hostile
operations, and brokethe line ofcommonlcationbotween
the seat of Government and Middle Tennessee.
This easy success of the enemy was followed by an ad
vance of Gen Bosecrans into Georgia, and our army
evacuated Cfcattarooga and availed it*elf of the opportu
nity thus afforded of winning, on the field of Chicka
imauga, one of *he most brilliant and decisive victories
of the war. This signal-defeat of Gen Koseorans was
followed by his retreat into Chattanooga, .where his
imperilled position had the immediate effect of relieving
the treasure of the invasion at other points, forcing the
concentration, for his relief, of large bodies of troops
withdrawn from the armies in the Mississippi Valley
and'in-Northern Virginia The combined forces thus
accumulated against us in Tennessee so greatly outnum
bered our army as to encourage the enemy to attack.
After a long and severe battle, in which great carnate
•Wftß inflicted on him, some of our troops inexplicably
abandoned a position of great strength, and by a dis
orderly retreat, compelled the commander to withdraw’
the forces elsewhere successful, and finally to rettie
with hia whole army to positions some twenty or thirty
miles to the rear. It is believed that if the iroeps who
yielded to the assault had fought wish the valor which
they had displayed on previous occasions, and which
was manifested in this battle on the other parts of the
line, the enemy would have been repulsed with very
great slaughter, and our country would have escaped
the misfortune and the army the mortification of the
first defeat that has resulted from misconduct by the
troops. In the meantime, the army of Geu Burnside
was driven frqm all its field positions in Eastern Ten
nessee, and forced to retreat into his entrenchments at
Knoxville, where, for some weeks, it was threatened
with capture by the forces under Longatreet. No infor
mation has reached me ot the final result of the opera
tions of onr commander, though intelligence has arrived
of his withdrawal iroin that place
While, therefore, our success in driving the enemy
from our soil has not equalled the expectations confi
dently entertained at the commencement of tlie cam
paign, his progress has been checked. If we are forced
to regret losses in Tennessee and Arkansas, we are not
Without ground for congratulation on successes in Loui
siana and Texas. On the sea coast he is exhausted by
vain efforts to capture our ports, while on - , he northern
frontier he has in.turafeltthe pressure, and dreads the
renewal oMnvasion. The ind omitable courage and per
severance of the people in the defence of their homes
have been nobly attested by the unanimity with which
the Legislatures of Virginia, North Carolina, and
Georgia have recently given expression to the popular
sentiment; and like manifestations may be anticipated
. from .all the Stales. Whatever obstinacy may be dis
played by the enemy inhis desperate sacrifices of money,
life, and liberty, in the hope of enslaving us, the expe
rience otinankmd has too conclusively shown the supe
rior endurance of those who fight for home, liberty, and
: hdependence, to permit any doubt of the result.
Foreign Relations.
I regret to inform you that there has “been no improve
ment in the state of our relations with foreign countries
since. m'y message in January last. On the contrary,
there has been a still greater-divergence in the conduct
of European nations from “that practical impartiality
Which alooe deserves the name of neutrality, and their
action, in some cases, has assumed a character positive
ly unfriendly.
. Ton have heretofore, been informed that, by com
mon understanding, the initiative In all action touch
ing the contest on this continent had been left by
foreign Powers to the two great maritime nations of
western Europe, and that the Governments of these
two nations fad agreed to take no measures without pre
vious concert. The result of thtse arrangements has,,
therefore, placed it in the power of either France or Eng
land to obstruct at pleasure the recognition to which the
Confederacy is justly entitled, or even to prolong the
continuance of hostilities on this side of. the Atlantic, if
the policy of either could be promoted by the postpone
ment of peace Each, too, thus became pisses.ed of
great influence in so shaping the general exercise of neu
tral rights in Europe as to render them subservient to
thepuipose of aiding one of the belligerents to the de
triment of the other. I referred, at your last session, to
some of the leading points in'the course pursued by pro
fessed neutrals, which betrayed a partisan leaning to
the side of onr enemies, but events have since occurred
which induce me to review the subject in greater detail
than was then deemed necessary. In calling to your
attention the action of those Governments, I shall refer
to the documents appended to President Lincoln's mes
sages, and to their own correspondence, as discloiing
the true nature of their policy and the motives which’
guided it. To this course no exception can be taken, in
asmuch as our attention has been invited to those sources
of information by their official publication.
In Hay, 1861, the Government of her Britannic Majesty
Informed oar enemies that it had not “allowed any
other than an intermediate position on the part of the
Southern States,” and assured them “that the symoa
thießof tbiß country (Great Britain) were rather with
the North than with the South.”
On the Ist day of Jnne,-IS6I, the British Government
ante:dieted the use of its ports “to armed ships and pri
vateers, both of the United States and the so-called
Confederate states,” with their prizes. The Secretary of
State of the United States fully appreciated the character
and motive of this interdiction, when he-observed to
Lord Lyons, who communicated It, * * that this’measure,
and that of the same character which had been adopted
by France, would probably prove a death-blow to
Southern privateering ”
On the 12th of June, 3561,-ihe United Stites Minister in
London informed her Majesty’s Secretary for Foreign
Affairs, that the fact of his having held interviews with
the Commissioners of this Government had given "great
dissatisfaction, 1 ' aid that a protraction of this relation
would fee’viewed by the United States “as hostile in
spirit, and to i equire some corresponding action accord
ingly.” Jn response to this intimation her Majesty's
Secretary assured the Minister that “he had no expecta
tion of seeing them any more. ”
By proclamation, issued on the 39th and 27th of ApriL
1861, President Lincoln proclaimed the blockade of the 4
entire coast of the Confederacy, extending from the Po
tomac to the Bio Grande, embracing, according to the
returns of the United States coast survey, a coast line of
three thousand five hundred and forty nine statute
miles, on which the number of rivers, bays, harbors,
inlets, sounds, and passes is one hundred and eighty-nine.
The navy possessed by the United States for enforcing
this blockade was stated in the reports communicated by
President Lincoln to consist of twenty-four vessels of all
classes itt comioiision, of which half were in distant
seas. The absurdity of the pretension of such a blockade'
in lace of the authoritative declaration of the maritime
rights of neutrals, made in Paris, in 1856, was so glaring
that the attempt was regarded as an experiment on the
forbearance of neutral Powers, which they would
promptly re list, v This conclusion was justified by the
fact that the Governments of France and Great Britain
determined that it was'necessary for their interests to
obtain from both belligerents 4 4 securities concerning the
proper treatment of neutrals. ” .
In the instructions which “confided the negotiation'
on this matter to the British consul in Charleston, he
was informed that “the most perfect accord on this
a uestlon exists between h6r Majesty’s Government and
le Government of the. Emperor, of the French," and
these instructions were accompanied, by a copy of the
despatch of the British Foreign Office of the 18th of May.
1861, stating that there was no difference of opinion be
tween Great-Britain and the.Unlted States as to the va
lidity of the principles enunciated in the fourth article of
the Declaration of Palis, in reference to blockades.
"Sour; predecessors of the Provisional Congress had.
therefore, no difficulty in proclaiming, nor 1 in an-'
proving, the resolnttons which abandoned in favor of
Great Britain and France our right to capture enemy’s
property, when covered by the flags of those Power*
The 'Securities” desired by these Govern merits were
understood by us to be required from both belligerents.
Neutrals were exposed on onr part to the exercise of
the. belligerent right of capturing their vessels when
conveying the property of our enemies. They were ex
posed, on the part of the United States, to interruption
in their unquestioned right of trading with ns by the
declaration of the paper blockade above referred to.
„We bad no reason to doubt the good faith of the pro
posal made us, nor to suspect that we were to be the only
parties bound by its acceptance. It is tri\e that the in
structions of -the neutral Powers informed their agents
that it was essential under present circumstances, that
they should act wilh great cantion, in order to avoid
raising the question of the recognition of the new Confe
deration,” and that the understanding on the subject did
not assume for that reason the shape of a formal conven
tion. But it was not deemed just by us to decline the
arrangement on this ground, as little mors than ninety
days had then elapsed since the arrival of our commis
sioners in Europe, and neutral nations were fairly en
titled to. a reasonable delay in acting on a subject of so
much importance, and which, from their point of view
presented difficulties that we, perhaps, did not fully ap
preciate.
Certain it 1b that the action of this Government on the
occasion ond Its faithful performance of its own engage
ments have been such as to entitle if to expect:, on the
part of those who sought in their own interests a mutual
understanding, the most scrupulous adheresce to their
own promiseß. I feel constrained to inform you that in
this expectation we have Iran disappointed, and that not
only have the Government which entered into these
Arrangements yielded to me prohibition against com
merce with üb, which has-peen dictated by the United
States, in defiance of the law of nations, bat that this
concession of their neutral* rights to our detriment has,
on more than one occasion; been claimed in intercourse
with-our enemies as an evidence of friendly feeling
towards them. A few extracts from the correspondence
of her Majesty s chief Secretary of State for Foreign Af- "
xalrs will suffice to show marked encouragement to the
united States to persevere in its paner blockade, and un
mistakable intimations that, her Majesty's Government
would not contest its validity.
_On the 21st May, 1861, Earl Russell pointed out to the
united States minister in London, that “ the blockade
might no.douut be made effective,' constdering toe small
number of harbors on the Southern coast, even though
the extent of 3,000 miles were comprehended in terms of
that blockade.
_on tlie 14th of January, 1662, her Majesty’s minister ia
Washington communicated to his Govarnmsu'that in
of the barbarous attempt to destroy the port
of Charleston by sinking a stone Jleet ia the harbor Mr.
Seward-had explained “that the Government of the
United Mates had, last spring, .with a navy very little
prepared for bo extensive an operation, undertaken to
blockade upwards of three thousand miles of coast. Tho
Secretary of the Navy had reported, that he coal d stop
-up the ‘largo holes’ by means of his ships, but that he
could not stop up the ‘ fimp.ll ones. ’ It hid bo-c found
necessary, therefore, to close some of the numerous
small inlets bv sinking vessels in the channel ”
On the Oth May, so far from claiming the right of
British eubiects, as neutrals, to trade with usaaoeUi
xerente, and to disregard the blockade on the around of
this explicit confession of our enemy of his inability to
render It effective, her Majesty’s Secretary of State for
foreign Affairs claimed credit with the United States for
il? e ? a r, i 1? ]u respecting it. His lordship stated
that the united States Government, on the allegation
R rF e l J l grinding from nine to eloven States of
the union, na.vo now, for more than twelve months, en
deavored to maintain ablockade of three tho-sand m»les
of coatt. This blockade, kept up irregularly. but when
enforced, enforced severely, .has seriously injared the
trade and manufactures of the United ffinzdom Thou,
sands are now obliged to refeort to.tfee’pooffib&as for sub
sistence. owing to this blookade. Go*
veinmeut have never sought to 1 take aivantfoof the
obvious imperfections of this' blockade, in orderto de-„
clare itself Ineffective They have, to the los>> audS
detriment of the British nation, scrupulon'dy observed
the duties of Groat Britain towards a frieadly.Jiiat* ”
Again.-on the Wd September. 1862, tbesama noble Earl
asserted that the United States were '-very far,' Indeed,”
from'being in ; ‘‘acondition to ask other nylons to as
sume that every port of thecoasts of tbe;so-styled Con
federate States is effectively blockaded,
‘When, in view of theca facts; of thesobH»a ion of the
British nation to adbore to the pledge made bv their Go
vernment at Paris, in 1856, and renewed to this Confade
racyiniS6l; and of these repsated and explicit avowalsof
the unnorfectlun, irregularity, and Inefilclencv of the pre
tended blockade of our coast, I directed our Cotum'waiou-
Gpnuon to call upon the British Government to re-,
deem its promipe,; and to withhold-its moral aid and
ftrtnclion.from the flagrant violation of public law com*.
putted by our enemies, we were informed that her Ma
jesty's Government could not regard the blockade of tho
southern ports as having been otherwise than “practi
cally effective, ” in February. 1862, and that * ‘ the man
ner in which it has since been enforced, gives to neutral
Governments no excuse for asserting that the blockade
has not been efficiently maintained. We were further,
informed, when we insisted that by the terms of our
agreement no blockade was to be considered effective,
unless “ sufficient really to prevent access to our coast, ”
* that the declaration of Paris was, in truth, dlrecUd
against blockades not sustAlned by any actual force, or
sustained by a notoriously inadequate force, such aa the
occasional appearance of a man-tf-war in the offing, or
the like.” ’
It was impossible that this mode of construing an ar
gument, so as to make its terms meAa almost the reverse
ofwhat they plainly conveyed,could be considered other
wise than as a notification of the refusal of tbe British
Government to remain bound by Us agreement or longer
to respect these articles of the declaration of Paris which
had been lepeatedly denounced by British statesmen,
and bad . been characterized by Earl Bussell as " very
imprudent ’ and “ most unsatisfactory. ”
• If any doubt remained of the motives by which the
British ministry have been actuated in ibeir conduct, it
would be completely dissipated by the distinctavowals
and explanations contained in the published speech re
cently made by her Majesty’s Secretary for Foreign Af
fairs.. In commenting on the remonstrance of this Go
vernment against the countenance given to an ineffective
blookade, the following language is used: “It is said
we have, contrary io the declarationsof Paris, contrary
to international -law, permitted the blockade of 8,000
miles of American coast. U is Quito true we did so, and
the presumable cause of complaint is also quite true,
that although the blockade is kept up by a sufficient num- ;
her of ships, yet these ships were scut Into the United
States navy in a hurry, and are ill-fitted forthe purpose,
and did uot keep up so completely and effectively as was
required an effective blockade.
This unequivocal confession of violation, both of
agreement with us and of international law, is defended
oh grounds the validity of which we submit with confi
dence to the candid j udgment of mankind.
These grounos are thus stated; ‘'Still looking at tho
law-of nations it was a blockade we, as a great belli
gaient power in former times, could have acknowledged.
We, ourselve*. had a blockade of upwards of 2.003
miles, and it did seem to me that we were bound in
justice to the Federal States of America to acknowledge
that blockade, but there was another reason which
weighed with me Our people were suffering severely
for the want cf that material which was the main staff
of their industry, and it was a question of self-interest
whether we 'should not b:eak the blockado- Bus, in
my opinion, the men of England would have been for
ever infamous, if. for the sake of their own interest,
theykad violated the law of naitons, and made war in
conjunction with these slaveholdmg States of America
against the Federal States. ”
in the second of these reasons our rights are not in
volved ; although it may ba permitted to observe that the
conduct of Government has not. heretofore, to my know- *
ledge, been guided by the principle that it is infamous to
assert their rights, whenever the invasion of thorn rights
creates severe suffering among the people, and injuri
ously affects great interests. BBuc the intimation that re
lations with these States would be discreditable because
they are alnveholding, would probably have been omit
ted if the official personage who lms published it to the
world had remembered that these States were, when co -
lonies; made slaveholding by the direct exercise of the
power of Great Britain, whose dependencies they were,
aaa whose interests ia ihe slave trade were than sup
posed to require that her colonies should be made slave
holding.
Bus the other ground stated ia of a very grave charac
ter; It asserts that a violation of the law of nations by
Great Britain in JSQ7, when that Government declared a
paper blockade of 2.0C0 miles of coast (a violation then
defended by her courts and jurists on the solesrrouud
that her action was retaliutorj-) affords a justification
for a similar outrage on neutral rights by theHJnUed
States in JSGI, for which no paliatlon can be suggested;
and that Great Britain “is bound, injustice to the Fede
ral States,” to make return for the war waged against
her by the United States in resistance of her illegal
blockade of 1807, by an acquiescence in the Federal ille
gal blockade of 1861. The.most alarmifig feature in this
statement is its admission of a just claim on the part of
the Uni*ed States to require of Great Britain during this
war a disregard of the recognised principles of modern
public law, and of her own compacts, whenever any
questionable conduct of Great Britain ‘ * iu former times”
can be cited as a precedent. It ia not inconsistent with,
respect and admiration for the great people whose
Government has given ns this warning, to suggest that
their bistory, like that of mankind in general, offers ex
ceptionable instances of indefeasible conduct “in former
timesand we may well deny the morality of violating
recent engagements through deference to the evil prece
dents of the past.
After defending in the manner just stated, the course
of the British Government on the subject of the block
ade, her Majesty’s Foreign Secretary takes care to leave
no doubt of the further purpose of the British Govern
ment to prevent our purchase of veseels in Great Britain,
while supplying our enemies with rifles and other mu
nitions of war, and states the intention of applying to
Parliament for a furtherance of this design. Ha gives to
the United btates the assurance that he will do in their
flavor not only “everything that the law of nations re
: quires, everything that the present foreign enlistment
act requires, ” hut that he will ask the sanction of Par
liament “lo further measures that her Majesty’s ministers
may still add.” This language is so unmistakably an
official exposition of the policy adopted by the British
Government iu relation to our affairs, that the duty im
posed on me by the Constitution of giving yon, from time
to time, “ information of the state of the Coulederacy,”
would not have been performed if I had failed to place it
distinctly before you.
I refer you for faller details on this whole subject to
the correspondence of the State Department which ac
companies this message. The tacts which I have briefly
narrated are, 1-trust, sufficient to enable you to appre
ciate the true nature oftha neutrality professed in this
war. Itisnotinmypowertofappriseyoutowhat extent
the Government ofFranco shares the views so unreserved
ly avowed by that of Greaißritaln. nopublished corre
spondence of the French Government having been rec3iv
ed. No public protest nor opposition, however, ..has been
made by hislmpenal Majtsty against the prohibition to
trade with us, imposed on French citizens by thepapar
•blockade of the United States, although! have reason to
believe that an unsuccessful attempt was made, ou his
;part, to secure the assent of the British Government to
a coarse of action more consonant with the dictates of
•public lawß, and with the demands of justice towards us.
The partiality of her Majesty's Government iu favor of
our enemies has been funner evinced in the marked dif
ference of its conduct on the subject of the purchase of
supplies by ihe two belligerents. This difference has
been conspicuous since the very commencement of the
war. As early as the Ist of May. 1861, the British minis
ter iu Washington was informed by the Secretary of
State of the United States that he had sent agents to Eng
land, .and that others would go to France to purchase
arms; and this fact was communicated to the British
Foreign Office, which interposed no objection. Yet, in
Octoberof the same year, Earl Russell entertained the
complaint of the United States minister in London that
theOonfederate States were importing contraband of war
from, the island of Nassau, directed inquiry in‘o the
matter, and obtained a report from the authorities of the
'island, denying the allegations, which report was en
closed to Mr. Adams, and received by him as satisfac
tory evidence to dissipate “the suspicion naturally
thrown upon the authorities of Nassau by that unwar
rantable act.”
So, too. when the Confederate Government purchased
-in Great Britain, asanenfcral country, (and with strict
observance; both of the law of nations and the municipal
law of Great Britain), vessels which were subsequently
armed and commissioned as vessels-of-war. after they
had been far removed from English waters, the British
Government. in.violaiion of its own law*, and in defe
rence to the importunate demands of the United States,
made ah ineffectual attempt lO Beiza one Vessel, and did
actually seize and detain another which touched at the
ißland of Nassau, onhsrway to a Confederate port, and
subjected her to an unfounded prosecution at the very
time when cargoes of munitions of war were beingbpen
ly shipped from British port 3 to New York, to be used in
warfare againstus.
Even now the public journals bring Intelligence that
the British Government has ordered the seizure, in a
British port, of two vessels, on the suspicion that they
may have been sold to this Government, and that they.
maybe hereafter armed and equipped in our service.
While British subjects are engaged in Ireland by tecs of
thousands to proceed to the United States for warfare
against the Confederacy, in defiance both of the law of
nations and of the express terms of the British statutes,
and are transposed in British ships, without an effort at
concealment, to the ponsof’the United States, thereto,
beamed with rifles imported from Great Britain, and to
be employed against our people-in a war lor conquest.
No royal-prerogative is invohtd, no executive interfe
ference is interposed, against this flagrant breach of mu
nicipal and international law, on the part of our ene
mies, while strained constructions are placed on existing
statutes, new enactments proposed, and questionable
expedients devised for precluding the possibility of pur
chase, by this Government, of vessel* that are useless
for belligerent purpose*, unless hereafter armed and
equipped outride of the neutral jurisdiction of Great
Britain.
For nearly three years this Government has exercised
unquestioned jurisdiction over many millions of willing
and united people. It has met and defeated vast armies
of invaders, who have in, vain sought its subversion.
Supported by the confidence and affection of its citizens,
the Confederacy has lacked no element which distia
guishes an independent nation, according to theprin
ciplesof pub'iclaw. Its legislative, executive and judi
cial departments, each in its sphere, have performed
their appropriate functions with a regularity as undis
turbed as in a time of profound peace, and.the whole
energies of the people have been developed in the
organization of vast armies, while their rights and liber
ties have rested secure under the protection of the courts of
justice. This Confederacy is either independent or is a de
pendency of the United States, for no other earthly power
claims the right to govern it. Without one historic fact
on which tie preienslon can rest, without one line or
word of treaty or covenant, which can give color to title,
the United States have asserted that the British Govern
ment havo chosen to concede ihat these sovereign
Btates are dependencies of the Government which is
administered at Washington. Groat Britain has ac
cordingly entertained with that Government the closest
and most intimate relations, while refusing, on its de
mand, ordinary amicable intercourse with ns, and has,
under arrangements made with the other nations of Eu
rope, not only denied our just claim of admtssioh into
the family of nations, hut interposed a passive, though
effectual bar, to the acknowltdginent of our rights by
other Powers. So soon as. it had become apparent, by
the declarations of the British Ministers; in the debates
of the British Parliament in July las':, that her Majes
ty ’s Government was determined to persist indefinitely
in a course of policy which, under professions of neu
trality, had become subservient-to the designs of our
enemy, 1 felt it lev duty to recall the Commissioner for
merly accredited to that Court, and the correspondence'
on the subject is submitted to you.
It is due to you and to our country that this full state
ment should he made of the just grounds which exist for
dissatisfaction with the conduct of the British Govern
ment. lam well aware that we are unfortunately with
out adequate remedy for the injustice under which wd
have suffered at the hands of a-powerfnl nation at a
juncture when our entire resources are absorbed in the
defence of our lives, liberties, and independence,’ against
an enemy possessed of greatly superior numoersand ma
terial resources, Claiming no favor, desiring ho aid,
conscious of oar own ability to defend our own-rights
against the utmost efforts-of an infuriate foe, we had
thought it not extravagant to expect that asais:ance
would be withheld from our enemies, and that the con
duct of foreign nations -would he marked by a genuine
impartiality between the belligerents. It was not sup
posed that a professed neutrality would be so couducied
as to justify the Foreign Secretary of the British nation
in explaining, in correspondence with our enemies, how
‘the impartial observance of neutral obligations bv her
Majesty’s Government ha? thus been exceedingly advan
tageous to the cause of the more powerful of the two con
tending parties.
.The British Government may deem this wav a favora
ble occasion for establishing, by a temporary sacrifice.of
their neutral rights, a precedent which shall justify the
inture exercise of these extreme belligerent pretensions
that their naval power renders so formidable. The op
portunity for .obtaining the tacit assent of European
Governments to a line of conduct which ignores the obli
gations of the declaration of Paris, and treat* that instru
ment rather as a theoretical exposition of principle than
a binding agreement, may be considered by the British
Ministry as justifying them in seeking a great advan
tage for their own country at the expense of ours Bat
We cannot permit, without protest, the assertion that
international law or morals regarded as “impartial
neutrality” conduct avowed to be “exceedingly ad
vantageous" to one of the behigerents.
I have stated that we are without adequate remedy
against the injustice under which we suffer. Thore are
but two measures that teem applicable to the present
contrition of our relations with neutral Powers.- One Is,
to imitate the wrong of which we complain, to retaliate
by the declarati&n of a paper blockade of the coast of the
United States, and to eapsure all neutral - vessels trading
with their ports that our cruisers can intercept on the
high seas. This measure 1 cannot recommend. It is
true, tnat .in so doing we should but follow the prece
dents set by Great Britain and France in the Berlin and
Milan decrees, and the British orders in council at the
begmning.of the present century. But it mast be re- ;
membered that we ourselves protested against these very
measures, as signal violations of the law of lationa.
and declared the attempts io sxeme them, onithe ground
of their being retaliatory utterly insufficient. Those
blockades are now quoted by writers on public law as a
standing reproach on the good name of tne nations who
were betrayed by.temporary exasperation into wrong
doirg, and onght to be regarded r.vtheras errors to bo
avoided than as examples to he folio wed.
’ The other measure is not opaa to this objection. The
second article of the Declaration of Paris, which pro
vides 4 ‘ that the neutral flag covers enemy’s goods, with
the exception of contraband of war, ” was a new conces
sion by belligerents in favor of neutrals, and not simply
the enunciation of an acknowledged pre-existing rale
like the fourth article which referred to blockade?. To'
this concession we bound ourselves by the convention
.with. Great Britain and France, which took the shap9 of
the resolutions adopted by our predecessors on the 13th
ofAugust, 186 L Tne consideration tendered us for that
''concession haß been withheld. We have, therefore, the
undeniable right to refuse longer to remain bound by a
compact which the other party refuses to fulfil. Bat we
should not forget that the war i* but terapwarv. and
that we desire that peace shall be permanent, The fu
ture policy of the Confederacy muss' ever be to uphold
neutral rights to their fall.extent. ‘
The principles of the Declaration of Pavia commend
themselves to our judgment as morejusfc, more humane*
and more consonant with-modern civilization, tlan
those belligerent pretensions which.great naval Powers
have heretofore sought to introduce into the maritime
code. To forego our undeniable right to the exercise oi*
those pretensions is a policy higuer, worthier of us and
our cause,than to revoke our adhesion to principles that
we approve. Let our hope for redress rest rather on a
reiurning sense of jastice, which cannot'fatl to awaken a
great people to the consciousness th,at the war in v bich
we are engaged ought rather to be made a reason for
forbearance of advantage, than an occasion for . the
unfriendly conduct of which we ma-kojagtcompluint.
The events of the pist year have produced important
changes in the condition of our Southern neighbor. The
occupation ofthe capital of Mexico by the French army,
and tho establishment of a Provisional Government , ioi
lowed by a radical change in the Constitution of the
country, have excited lively interest. Although pre
ferring onr own Government and Instifcaiions'to those of
other countries, we can have no disposition to contest
the exercise by them of the same right of self govern
ment we-assert for ourge'.veß. If tfce Mexican people
prefer a monarchy to a repnbiic.it is our plain duty
cheerfully to acquiesce ii their decision, and to evince a
sincere and friendly interest in their prosperity. Xf,
however, the. Mexicans prefer maintaining their former
institutions, we have no reason to apprehend any ob
stacle to the free exercise o' their choice. The Emperor
ot the French has solemnly disclaimed any purpose to
impose on-Mexico a form of government not acceptable
. tothe nation - and the eminent personage to whom the
. throne hag been tendered declines its acceptance unless
Iritne oner be sanctioned by the suffragee of theinople
’un either event, therefore, we may fonfidenfcly expect a
continuance of those peaceful relations which have'been
maintained on the frontier, and even a large develop
ment of the commerce already existing to the mutual
advantage of the two countries.
It has been found necessary since your adjournment
to take action on tho subject of certain foreign consuls
within the Confederacy. The nature of this action and
the reasons on which U wag based are so fully exhibited
in the correspondence of the State Department, Which is
transmitted to you, that no additional comment is re
quired. x ,'. ~ •
; In connection with this Bunject of our relations with
foreign countries, it is deemed opportune to communi
ente my viewß tin reference to the treatiee ipade by tho
Government or the United States, at a date anterior to
i ‘Ode wp&rattoui ftnd wMcU tqiufqueqtiy binding
on os a* well a» on foreign Powers whan tho .operation
took effort. ...
R was partly with a view of entering Into sack nr.
raugements as the change in onr Government had made
necossary, that we felt it our duty to send commissioners
abroad for tbe purpose of entering into the negotiations
proper to fix tbe relative rights and obligations of the
parties to (hose treaties. As this tender on onr part has
been declined; as foreign nations have refused us the
benefit of the treaties to which we were parties, they
certainly have ceased to be binding on üb, and, in my
opinion, our relations with European nations are,
therefore, now controlled exclusively by the general
rules of the law of nations. It Is proper to add that these
remarks are intended to apply solely to treaty obliga
tions toward foreign Governments, and have no refer
ence to the rights of Individuals.
Finances.
The state of the public finances Usuch as to demand
your earliest and most earnest attention, ! need hardly
say, that a prompt and efficacious remedy for the present
condition of tbe currency is necessary to the successful
performance of tho functions of Government. Fortu
nately, (he resources of our country are so ample, and
ihe spirit of our'people so devoted’to its cause, that
they are ready to make any necessary contribution-
Relief is thus entirely within our reaoh, if we have the
wiidom to legislate in such-manner aa to render availa
ble 1 he means at our disposal.
At the commencement of the war we were far from
-anticipating the magnitude andcuration of the strug
gle in which we were engaged. The most.sagacious
foresight could not have predicted that the passions of
tho Northern people would have led them blindly to
tho eacrifice of Ufe. treasure, and liberty in so vain a
hope as that ot subj ugating thirteen independent States,
Inhabited by many millions of people, whose birthright
of freedom is dearer to them than life. A long exemp
tion from direct taxation by the General Government
bas created an aversion to its raising revenue by any
other means than by duties ou imports, and it was sup
posed.that these duties would, be ample for current peace
expenditure, while the means for conducting a war
could bs raised 'almost exclusively by the use of the
public credit.
Theflrrt action of the Provisional Congress was there
fore confined to passing a tariff law and to raising asum
of fifteen millions of dollars by loan, with a pledge of a
small export duty on cotton to provide for the redemp
tion of the dobt.
At ite recond session war was declared to exist between
the Confederacy and the United btates. and provision
wee made for the issue of twenty millions of dollars m
treasury notes, and for horrowmgthirty millions of dol
lars on bonds. The tariff was revised, and preparatory
measures taken to enable the Congress to levy internal
tas&tion. at its succeeding session. These laws were
pts&ed in May, and the States of Virginia, North Caroli
na, Tennessee, and Arkansas having joined the Confede
racy, the CongTeea adjourned, to meet intthe city of Rich
mond In thefollowing month of July.
' Prior to the assembling of your predecessors in Rich
mond at their tliiid session near the end of July, 1851,
the President of the United States had developed inhis
message the purpoie “to make the contest a short and
decisive on?,” and bad called on C ngre3s for 400,000
men, aud four hundred millions of dollars. The Con
gress had exceeded the Executive recommendation, and
bad authorized tbe levy of half a million of volunteers,
besides lamely increasing tlie regular land and naval
forces of the United States. The necessity thus first be
came urgent that a financial icheme should bo devised on
r basis sufficiently large for the vast proportions of the
contest w’th which we were threatened. Knowing that
the struggle, instead of being “short and decisive,”
would be indefinite in duration, and could, only end
when the United States should awaken from their delu
sion of conquest, a permanent system was required,
fully adapted to the hi eat exigencies before ur.
Th e plan devised by Congress at that time was based on
tbe theory of hsuing treasury notes, convertible at the
pleasure of the holder into eight per cent, bonds, the in
terest of which was to be payable iu coin, and it was
correctly assumed that any tendency to depreciation
that might arise from over issue of the currency would
be checked by the constant exercise of the holder’s
right to fond toe note at a liberal interest payable In
specie. T/is eye Urn depended for success on the con
tinued ability of the Government to pay the interest in
specie, aud means were, therefore, provided for that
purpose iu the law authorizing the issues. An internal
tax. termed a war tax. was levied, the proceeds of
which, together with the revenue from imports, were
deemed sufficient for the object designed. This scheme
required for its operation that our commerce with foreign
nations should not be suspended. It was not to be an
ticipated that such suspension would be permitted other
wise than by an effective blockade; aud it was ab
surd to suppose that a blockade “sufficient'really to
prevent access” to our entire coast could be maintained.
We had the means, therefore, (if reutral nations had
not combined to aid our enemies by the sanction of an
illegal prohibition on theirfcommerce.) to secure the re
ceipt into the treasury of coin sufficient to pay the in
teiest ou the bonds, and thus maintain the treasury
notes at rates nearly equal to par in specie. So long as
the interest continued to be thus paid with the reserve of
coin pre-existing in our country, experience sustained
the expectations of those who devised the system. Thus,
on ihe first of the following December, coin had only
reached a premium of about twenty per cent., although
it had already become apparent that the commerce of
tbe country was threatened with permanent suspension
by reason of the conduct of neutral nations, and that
the necessary result must be the exhaustion of our
specie reserve- Wheat, in the beginning of the year
ISG2. was selling at one dollar aud thirty cents per
butkel, not exceeding, therefore, its average price in
time of peace. The other agricultural products of the
country were at similar moderate rate*—thus indicating
that there was no excess of circulation, and that the
rate of premium on specie was heightened by the ex
ceptional causes which tended to its exhaustion with
out th* possibility of renewing the supply.
• This review .of the policy of your predecessors is given
iu justice to them, and it exhibits the condition of the
finances at the date when.the permanent Government
was organized.
In th 9 meantime the popular aversion to internal tax
ation by the General Government had influenced the
legislation of the several States, and ia only three of
thfiu—South-Carolma, Mississippi, and Texas—were the
taxes actually collected from, the people. The quotas
devolving upon the remaining States had been ralsed by
the issue of bends and State treasury notes, and the
public debt of the country was thus actually increased,
instead of being diminished, by the taxation imposed by
Congress.
Neither at the first nor second session of the present
Congress were means provided by,taxation for maintain
ing the Government. the legislation being confined to
authorizing further sales of bonds and issues of treasury
notes. Although repeated efforts were made to frame a
proper system of taxaiion. you were confronted with an
obstacle which did not exist for your predecessors, and
which created grave embarrassment iu d* vising any
scheme of taxation. About two-thirds of the entire taxa
ble property of the Confederate States consists of land
and slaves. The general power oftixatiou vested in
Congress by the provisional Constitution (which was to
be only temporary in its operation), and was hot re
stricted by any other condition than that “all duties,'
imposts, and excises should be uniform throughout the
Btates of tho Confederacy. ” But the permanent Constitu
tion; sanctioning the principle that taxation and repre
sentation ought to rest on tne same basis, specially pro
vides that, “representation and direct taxes shall be ap
portioned among the several States according to their re
: speetive numbers, which shall be determined by adding
to the whole number of free persons, including those
hound to'tervlce for a term of years, and excluding In
dian's not taxed,' three l fifth.3:of all slaves. ”
: It was further ordered that a census should be made
within three years after ihe fiifet meeting of Congress,
and that “no capitatnn or other direc; tax shall be
laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration
hereinbefore directed to be taken. ”
It ie plain- that, undor these provisions, capitation
and direct taxes must be levied in proportion to the'
census when made. It is also plain that the duty is |im-
PQsed on Congr&ia to provide for making a census prioi*
to the 22d of Febraary, 1865. It may farther be stated,
that, . according to the received construction of the
Constitution- Of till) ttaited -Statoe,
quiesced in for upwards of sixty years,) faxes on lands
and slaves are direct taxes, and the conclusion seems
to fee, that, in repeating, without modification, in our
Constitution, this language of the Constitution of 1787,
onr convention intended to attach to it the meaning
which had been sanctioned by long and uninterrupted
acquiescence.
fcolong as there seemed to be a probability of being
able to carry out these provisions of the Constitution in
their entirety.-and in conformity with the intentions of
its atfhovs, there was an obvious difficulty in framing
any system of taxation. Alaw which should exempt
from the burden two-thirds of the property of the coun
try, would be as unfair to the owners of the remaining
third, as it would be inadequate to meet the require
ments of the public service.
The urgency of the need was such, however, that after
very great embarrassment, and more than three months
of assiduous labor, you succeeded in framing the law of
ti e 24th of April, 1363. by which you sought to reach, so
far as was practicable, every, resource of the country ex
cept the capital invested in real estate and slaves, and
by means of an income tax, and a tax in kind on the
produce of the soil, as well as by licenses on business
occupations and professions, to command resources suffi
cient for the wants of the country. - But a very large
proportion of these resources conlflonly b 8 made avail
able at the close bf the present and the commencement
of the ensuing year, while the intervening exigencies
I>ermitted no delay. In this state of affairs, superin
duced'almost unavoidably by the fortunes of the war in
which we are engaged, the issues of treasury notes have
been-increased until the currency in circulation amounts
to more than six hundred millions of dollars, or more
than threefold the amount required by the business of
the country., 1
I need not enlarge upon the evil effects of this condi
tion of things. They are unfortunately but too apparent.
In addition to the difficulty presented to-the necessary
operations of the Government and the efiicient conduct of
the war. the most deplorable of all its results is. un
doubtedly its corrupting influence on the morals of the
peoplo. The possession of large amounts of treasury
not&.s has naturally led to a desire for investment, and
with a constantly increasing volume of currency, there
has been an equally constant increase of price In all ob
jectsl of investment. This effect hasstimuiated pnrchase
by the apparent ceitalnty of profit. and a spirit of .specu
lation has thus been fostered, which has so debasing an
influence, and such ruinous consequences, that it is onr
highest duty to remove the cause, and no measures di
rected to that end can be too prompt or too strinaent.
Reverting to the constitutional provisions already
cited, the question recurs whether it be possible to exe
cute the duty of apportioning taxation in accordance
with the census ordered to be made as a basis. - So long
as this appeared to be practicable; none can deny the
propriety of :.y our course in abstaining from the imposi
lion of direct taxes till yon could exercise the power in
the piecisemcde pointed out by the terms of the funda
mental law. But it is obvious that there are many du
ties imposed by the Constitution which depend for their
fulfilment on the undisturbed, possession of. the territory
within which they are to be performed. '•*
The same instiument which orders a census to be made
in all the States; imposes the: duty on the Confederacy
“to guarantee to every State a republican form of go
vernment.*’ .It enjoins on us “to protect “each State
from invasion,” and while declaring that its great ob
jtetsand purposes are “ to establish justice, insaredo
inestic secure the blessings of.libertyto
ourselves and' our posterity,'’ it confers the means, and
thereby imposes on.us the paramount dniy of effecting
iisintfnt. by “laying and collecting taxe*. and
excises, necessary to pay the debts, provide for the-com
mon defence, and'earry on the Government of the Con
federate States ” '
None would pretend that the Constitution is violated,
because, by reason of the presence of hostile armies, we
are unable to guarantee a republican form of goyora
mentto those States or portions of States now tempora
ril7 held by the enemy, and as little justice would there
he in imputing blamß for the failure to make the census,
when that failure is. attributable, to causes not foremen
by the autborlties of the Constitution, and beyond our
control. The goner ,1 inttnt of oar constitutional char
ter is unquestionably that the property of the country is
to be taxed in order to raise revenue for the common de
fence, and the ipeciri mode provided for levying this
tax is impracticable from unforeseen causes.
It is, in my judgment, our primary diti'y to execute ths
general intent expressed by the terms of the instrument
which we. nave sworn to obey, and we cannot excuse
ourselves for the failure to fulfil this obligati an on, the
ground that we are unable to perform It in the precise
mode pointed out. Whenever it shali.be possible to exe
cute our duly in all its parts, we must do -*o in exact
compliance with the whole- letter and rpirit of the Con
stitution Until that period shall arrive, we'must exe
cute so much of it as our condition renders practicable
•Whenever the withdrawal of the enemy shall place it in
our power to make a census and apportionment of direct
taxes. any other mode of levying them will be contrary
to the .will of-the lawgiver, and incompatible with onr'
obligation to obey that will; until that period, the al
ternative left is 1 to.obej%iliB paramount precept,. and to
execute it accord ng to the only oilier rule provided,
which is to “make ihe tax uniform throughout the’
j Confederate States.' . .. - t ...
The considerations just presented are greatly enforced
by the reflection that any l apportion taxes
amongst Sta t es, tome of which aie wholly or partially
in the occupation of hostile forces, woulcLsobverc the
whole intention of the framera.of the Constitution, and
he productive of the most injustice, instead
of that just co-relation between taxation Bnd represen
tation which ti was their purpose to secure. With large
portions of some, of the States occupied by the enemy,
wha» justice would there be in imposing on the remain-'
der the whole a mount of.the taxation of the entire State
in proportion to its representation? Whatelsewould
tbiß he in effect than to increase the burden of those who
are the teavieri sufferers hr the war, and to make our
own inability to protect them from invasion, as we are
reqtmed to do by the Constitution * the ground for adding
to their losses by an attempted adherence to the letter in
violation of thespirit of that instrument?
No such purpose could 1 have been; entertained, and no:
such result contemplated by the framers of the Con
stitution. It may add weight to these considerations if
we reflect that, although the Constitution provided that
it should go into operatioa:with a representation tem
porarily distributed among the -States, -it expressly 5
ordains, after providing for a census within three years,
that this temporary distribution of representative power
is to ename ‘ 'until.im.7i enumeration': shall be made. ”
Would any one argue that,’'because the census' cannot be ‘
made within the fixed period, the Governmeht-rnußt; at
ihe expiration ofihatpericd. perish l'orwant ofa'repre
gentative body.? ..In any.:aßPect in,which, the,subject
can be viewed, lam led to the conclusion
nounced, and'Whichi* understood- to be Ih accordance
with a vote taken; in one or’bt.tk houses at your last
set sion. ■ 1 shall, therefore, until wa are able to pursue
the precise mode required by the Constitution, deem it
my duty to approve any law, levying the taxation which
yon are hound to impose for the defence ofthe country,
in any other practicable mode which shall distribute the
burden uniformly and impartially on the whole property
of the people.
; In your fonner legislation you have sought to avoid
the. increase in the volume . of-notes in circulation by
offering mducementa to voluntary funding. The mea
sures adopted for that purpose have been but partially,
successful, and the evil has now reached suckamagni
thde as to permit no other remedy than the compulsory
reduction of the currencv to the amount required by the
business of the country. This reduction should be accom
panied by a pledge that under no stress of circumstances
will that amount be exceeded.; No possible mode Of
using the credit ot the Government can be go disastrous
as onewhich.disturbs the basis of all exchanges, renders
impossible ail calculations of future valuea, augments, r
in constantly increasing proportions, the price of all
commodities, and so depreciates all kinds of wages,
salaries, and incomes, as to render them inadequate to
bare subsistence. If to these be'added the still more
fatal influence on the morals and character of the people,'
to which I have alfeadj r adverted, I nm persuaded you
wiil concur in the conclusion that an inflexible adhe
rence to a limitation ofthe currency at a fixed sum is
an Indispensable element of any system of finance now
tobeadopted.
{ The holders of the currency now outitandlng can only
be pro ectedin theiecovery of their just claims by sub
stituting for their notes some othsr security. If the our •
rohey is not greatly and promptly reduced, the present
Scale of inflated prices will not only continue to exißt,
but by the very fact of the large amounts thus made
requisite in the conduct of the war,..those prices will
reach rates still more extravagant, and the whole
tem will fall under, its own weight, thus rendering the
redemption of the debt impossible, and destroying its
whole value in the bands of the holdor. If, on the con
trary, a funded debt, with interest secured by adequate
taxation; can be* substituted for the outstanding -cur
rency, its entire amount will be made available to the
holder, and. the Government will be in a condition ena
bling it, beyond the reach of any probable contingency,"
to prosecute the war to a successful issue. It is, there-'
fore, demanded, ub well by the Interest of the creditor
ps of tho country at large, that the evidences of tho public
debt now outstanding In the shape of treasury notes, be
.ifttOTt, wifc a,
t' '■ - v :■ :■
THE PBESS.—PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1883
provision for taxation sufficient to insure puJwtual pay
ment, acd final redemption of the whole debt*
The report of the Secretary of the Treasury presents
the outlines of a system which, in conjunction with ex
isting legislation, is intended to secure the several objects
of a reduction of the circulation within fixed reasonable
limits; of providing for the future wants of the Govern
ment, by furnishing security for the punctual payment
of interest and the final extinction of the principal of the
public debt, and of placing the whole business of the
country on a basis as near a tpecio standard as possible
during the continuance of the war. I earnestly recom
mend it to your consideration, and that no delay bs per
mitted to intervene before your action on this vital sub
ject.’ Itrn't that it will be suffered to engross your at
tention until you have disposed of it in a manner best
adapted to attain the important results which your
country anticipates from your legislation.
It may be added that, in considering this subject, the
poopie ought iteadilyto ke9P in view that the Govern
ment, in contracting debt; is but their agent; that its
debt is their debt. - As tho currency is- held, exclusively
by ourtelve*, JtieobYiou6tbat,if each person hold trea
sury notes in exact proportion to the value of his whole
means, each would, m fact, owe himself the amount of
the notes held by him; and,-were it possible to distri
bute the c drrency among the people in this exact propor
tion. a tax levied on the currency alone, to an amount
sufficient to reduce It to proper Limits, would afford the
be»t of all remedies. Under such circumstances, the
notes remaining in the hands of-each holder, after the
payment of his tax, would be worth quite as much as
the whole sum previously beJd, for it would purchase at
least an equal amount of commodities.
This result cannot be perfectly attained by any device
of legislation, but it can be approximated by taxation.
A tax on all values has for its effects, not only to impose
a due share of the burden on the note holder, but to
force those who have a few or none of thesa notes to part
with a share of their possessions to those who hold the
notes in excess, in order to obtain the means of satisfy
ing the demands oi the tax-gatherer. This Is the only
mode hv which it is practicable to mate all contribute
a* equally as possible in the burden, which all are bound
to share, and it is for this reason that taxation adequate
to the public exigencies, turner our present circum
stances. must be the basis of any funding system or
other remedy for restoring stability to our finances.
The Army.
To the report of the Secretary of War you are referred
for details relative to the condiiion of tho army, and the
measures of legislation required for maintaining, its
efficiency, recruiting its numbers, and famishing the
supplies necessary/or its’support. , '
*j hough we have lost many of the best of our soldiers
and most patriotic of our citizens, (the sad bat una
voidable result of the battles and toils of such a cam
paign as that which will render the year 1833 ever me
moiahle in our annals.) the army is believed to be in
better condition than at any previous period of the war.
Our gallant defenders; now veterans, familiar with
danger, hardened by exposure, and confident in them
selves and their officers, endure privations with cheer
ful fortitude, and welcome battle with alacrity. The
officers by experience in field service, and the action of
the examining boards in relieving the incompetent,
are now greatly more efficient than at the commence
ment of the war The assertion is believed.to be folly
j notified; that regarded as a whole, for character/ valor,
efficiency, and patriotic devotion, oar army has not
been equalled by any like number of troops in the his
tory of war.
The act of ]6th April, 1862. provides ‘ ‘ that persons not J
liable for duty may be received as substitutes for those
who are, under auch regulations as may be prescribed
by the Secretary of War." Ti e policy of granting this
privilege has not.been sustained by experience. Wot
only has the numerical strength of the army been seri
ously impaired by the frequent desertions for which sub
stitutes have become notoric us, but dissatisfaction has '
been excited among those who have been unable or un- '
willing to avail themselves of the opportunity thus
, afforded of avoiding the military service of their country.
In view of the large conscription recently ordered by
the ecerny, and their subsequent call for. volunteers, to
be followed.-if ineffectual, by a still farther draft, we
are admonished that no effort must be spared to add
largely to our effective force as promptly as possible.
The sources of supply are to.be found by restoring to
the army all who a»e improperly absent, putting an end'
lo substitution, modifying the exemption law, restrict
ing details, and placing in the ranks such of the able
bodied men now employed as wagoners, nurses, coots,
and other employees, as are doing service for which the
negroes may be found competent.
1 fully concur in the opinion expressed by the Secre- 1
tary, that there is no ground for the objection that a 5
new provision, to include those who furnished substi- ;
tut 66 under the former call, would be a breach of con- i
tract. To accept a substitute was to confer a privilege, i
not to enter into a contract, and whenever the substi- !
tute is rendered liable to conscription it would seem to
follow that the principal, whose place he had taken, i
6hould respond for him. as the Government had received :
no consideration for iiis exemption. Where, however,
the new provision of law would fall to embrace a sab
stituie now in the ranks, there appears, if the principal '
should again be conscribed, to be an equitable ground !
for compensation to the conscript who then would have
added to the service a soldier not otherwise liable to en- r
rolment. - • ■ . \
On the subject of exemptions, it is believed that abases
cannot be checked unless the system Is placed on a ba- I
sis entirely different from that now provLded bylaw. ■
Theobject-of your legislation has been, not to confer I
privileges on claste3, but to exonerate from military du- !
ty each number of persons skilled in the various trades. !
professions, and mechanical pursuits, as could render i
mors valuable service to their country by laboring in
their piesent occupation than by going into the ranks of :
the army. The policy is unquestionable, but the result :
would, it is thought,-*be better obtained by enrolling :
ail snch persons, allowing details to be made for the '
number necessary to meet the wants of the country, i
Considerable numbers are believed to oe now exempted
from the military service who are not needful to the pub- !
lie.in their civil vocation i
Certain duties are now performed throughout the
country by details from the army, whicn could ba as :
weir executed by persons above the present oonscript 1
age. An extension of the limit, so as to embrace persons !
over forty-five j ears, and physically fit for service in :
guarding posts, railroads, and bridges, in apprehending f
deeeriers, and. where practicable, assuming tho place j
of younger men detailed for. duty with the nitre, ord- . *
nance, commissary, acd quartermasters’ bureau, of the :
War Department, would, it is hoped, add largely to the ;
effective force in the field, without an undue harden on •
the population. j
If to the above measures be added a law to enlarge the
policy of the act of the 21st April, 1562, so as to enable •
the Department to replace not only enlisted cooks, bat ;
wagoners, and other employees in the army bynejroea, i
it is hoped that the ranks of the army will be so strength- i
en%d for the ensuing campaign as to pnt at defiance the ■
utmost efforts of the enemy. • S
In order to maintain, unimpaired, the existing orga
nization of the army until the close of the war, your
legislation contemplated a frequent supply of recruits,
and it was'expected that before the expiration of the
three years for which the men were enrolled under the
act of )€th April, 1562, the majority of men in each com
pany would consist of those Who joined it at different
dales subsequent to tlia original muster of the cimpany
into service, and that the discharge of those who had.
completed their term would at no time be sufficient to
leave the company with a less number than is required
to enable it to retain its organization.
The difficulty of obtaining recruits from certain locali
ties, and the large number of exemptions fronttnllltary
service granted by different laws, have prevented suffi
cient accessions in many of the companies to preserve
their organizations after .the discharge of the original
members. The advantage of retaining tried and weU
approved officers, and of mingling recruits with experi
enced soldiers is so obvious.and.ihe.pollcy'-of such a
course is so clearly indicated, that It is not deemed ne
cessary to point out the evil consequences which would
• result from the destruction of the old organizations, or
to dwell upon the benefits.to be secured .from, filling up
the veteran companies as long before the discharge of the
earlier members as may be possible. In the cases where
it may he found impracticable to maintain recipients in
sufficient strength to justify the retention of the present
OrganiZttUum'evositfmT' inm-oflUianfly v wonld-^Mjrfim_i}.
ted by consolidation and reorganization. This
involve the necessity of disbanding a part of the officers,
and making regulation for securing the most judicious
selection oi those who are retained, while least wound
ing the feelings tf those who are discharged
Experience has shown the necessity for farther legisla
tion in relation to the horses of the cavalry. Many,men
lose their horses by casualties of service, which are not
included in the provisions made to compensate the o yner
for the loss, and it may thus not unfrequantiy happen
that the most efficient troopers, without fault of their
own, indeed, it may be because of their Zeal and activi
. ty. are lost to the cavalry service.
It would also seem proper that the Government should
have complete control over every horse mastered into
service, with the limitation that the owner should not
hedeyrivedof his horse except upon due compensation
boingmade therefor. Otherwise, mounted men may not
keep horses fit for. the service, and the question whether
they serve mounted or on,foot would depend, not upon
the qualifications of the men, but upon the fact of their
having horses. ?
Some pfovision is deemed requisite to correct the evils
- aririug from the long- continued absence of commissioned
Officers. Where it is without sufficient causs, it would
• seem but just that the commissions'should' be thereby
vacated. Whereit results from, capture by.the enemy,
which, nnder their barbarous refusal-tb’eschange pri
soners of war, may be regarded as absence for an indefi
nite time, th«rels a necessity to supply their places in
their rt> pective commands. This might be done by tem
porary appointments, to endure only until the return of
the officerb regularly commissioned. Where it,results
from permanent disability, incurred in the line of their
duty, it would be propsr to retire them, and fill the va
cancies according to established mode. I would also
suggest the establishment of an invalid corps,‘and that
the retired officers bo tiansferred to it. Such a corps, it
is thought, could, be made useful in various employ
ments for which efficient oflicers and troops aie now de
tached. .- ; ; . ..,
An organization of the general staff of the army .
would be highly conducive to the efficiency of the most
important branch of the service. The plan adopted for
the mijitary establishment furnishes a model for ihe
staff of the provisional arms.-if it be deemed advisable
to retain the distinction, but I recommend to your con
sideration ihe propriety of abolishing it. and providing
for tfce organization of the several staff corps in such
nnmberand with such lank as wi*l meet all the wants
of ihe service. .
To securo the requisite ability for the more import
ont positions it will be necessary to provide for officers
•of higher rank than is now authorized for these corps '
To give to the officers the proper relation and co-intel- '
ligence in then respective corps, and to preserve in the ”
drier of each the influence and control over his suborder:
nates, there thonld be no gradation oil the basis ofthe
rank pf the general with, whom they might bs serving
by appointment., To the personal staff of a general it
would seem proper to give a grade correspohding With
his rank.’and. *tae number might be fixed to corres
pond with. his command. To avoid the consequences
of a discharge upon a change of duty, the variable
lion of the personal.staff might be taken from the line of
the aroy and allowed to retain their line commissions
r The AsordereV condition of the currency, to wliich L*
have already alluded,-has imposed on the Government
a system of supplying the wan ts of the army, which ,1s
so unequal in its. operation, vexatious to ihe producer, •
injurious'-to- the industrial interest, and productive of
such discoment among the people as oftly to be justified*
by the existence of anabaolnte necessity. ,The report of
the Secretary on this point establishes conclusively that'
the necessity which-has forced the Bureanof Supplr tov
provide for the army by impressment has remlted from'
the impossibility of purchase by contract-in: the opeu
market, except at such rapidly-increased-r&tes as would'
have rendered the appropriations 1 inadequate to the
wants of the army. Indeed, it is believed that‘the
temptation to hoard supplies for the higher prices, which
could be anticipated with certainty, has been checked
mainly by.the fear of ilie operation of the impressment
law; and that commodities have b'een r offered in the
markets-principally to escape impressment and obtain
higher rates than those fixed,by appraisement; The'
con plaints against this vicious system have been well
founded, but the true cause of .the evil has beenmisap--
pieherided. The remedy is to te found, not in a change
of tl e impressment Jaw, but . in the .restoration of the
currency to such a basis as will enable the Department
to purchase nectes&ry supplies in the open.market,
and thus render; impressment .a'rare and exceptional
process.
: lbesame remedy will effect the result universally-de-’
sired, of an augmeo/ation of the p&y.of the army. The
proposals made at your previous sessioristo increase the
pay of the soldiers, by an additional amount ofrtreasary
- notes, would have conferred little*:benefit ou them, bat
a radical refoim of the currency wiU restore the pay to a'
value R^ v that whioh it originally held, and
materially improve their condition- f ' *•
The reports from the Ordnance-.and Mining'Bureaus
are very gratifying, and the •extension of-ourmeans of
supply of arms and munitions..or war from our home
resources lias been such as to insure our ability soon to :
become mainly, if not entirely, independent of. supplies
from foreign countries. The establishments for the cast
iegof guns and projectiles, for the s ij} annfa cture of small.’
arms ar d gunpowder, for the supplyof nitre from arti
ficial nitre beds, andmining operations generally, have
been so distributed through the country as to place OUr
resources bej ond the j each of partial disasters.. ; .
■ The recommendations of the Secretary of War on other
points are minutely detailed inhis report, which iis sub-’
mitted to you. and, extending as they do to almost every
branch of the service, merit carefuhconsideration.-
Exchange of Prisoners. .
I regret to in/orm youthat the enemy have returned"
to-the barbarous policy with which they inaugurated
the war, and that the exchange of prisoners -has been
! for -some, time suspended. >The correspondence of
the Commissioners of Exchange is submitted to you
by . the fcecretary of War; -and it lias already been'
pnbhihert for the information of all now suffering
useltsa imprisonment/; JThe, conduct of the’author!-"
ties'of the United States has been consistently per
fidious on this subject.. An agreement for exchange
in tneinc pitney ofthe war had just been concluded,
When the tali of Port Donelson reversed the previous
state of things, and gave them an excess of prisoners.
The agreement was immediately repudiated by them "
and so remained till the fortune of war again placed us'
m possession of the largest number A new cartel was
then made, ai d undent for many months; we restored
to them many thousands of prisoners in excess of those ‘
whom they held for. exchange, and encampments of the
turpLus paroled prisQners delivered up by us were es
vftblighed in the united States, where the men were able
to receive the comforts and solace of constant commu
. nication with their homes and'families. In July last ■
thefortune of waragain favored tberenemy, and they
were enabled to exchange for duty the men previously
: aeliveied to them, against those captured and paroled, at
vicksboreand Port Hudson /The prisoners captured
at Gettysburg remained in their hands, and should have
been at once ofir linos, on parole, to awvt
exchange. Instead a duty imposed by the
plainest.dictates 5 of justice and.fWth, pretexts were in
stantly sought -for holding them ,in permanent cap
tivity. General orders rapidly succeeded each other
from the bureau at Washington, placing new construe
. tions on an agreement which haa given rise to no dis
pute while we retained the advantage in the number of
. prisoners. ..with a disregard of honorable obligations
almost unexampled, the enemy did riot hesitate, in ad
dition to-; retaining the. prisoners captured, by them
■to 'declare null the-paroles given" by the prlsoneis
captured by tls in the same .series of engagements, and
-liberated on condition of not again.sowing until ex- •
changed. They have since openly insisted on treating
the paroles'given by their own soldiers as invalid, and
those of our soldiers, given under..precisely similar cir- •
cbmstancbs, as binding, i‘A succession of similar unj net
pretensions hasDeen aet up in a correspondence tedious'y
prolonged, and every device employed, to cover the dis
’ regard of an obligation which,-between belligerent
nations, ig onlyto be enforcedly a sense of honor.
! N.o further comment .is needed on this subject, but it :
may be permitted to direct your special attention to the
close ofrthe correspondence submitted to yon. from
which you will perceive that the final proposal made by
the enemy, in settlement of all dtspafces under the cartel •
is t that we ihould liberate all prisoners held by ns, -
Without the offer to release from captivity any of those
held by them-
Imthe meantime, a systematic and concarted effirt haa
been made to quiet the complaints in the United States of
those relatives and friends of the prisoners in our hands
who are unable to understand why the cartel is
not. executed in. their favor, by the ; groundless
assertion that we are the parties who refuse 'com
pliance. Attempts are also made.to shield Uiemaelves
from the exasperation excited by their own Odious treat
ment of our officers and soldiers captive in their
, hands, by misstatements, such as that the prisoners held
'by ( ub are deprived of food. To this last accusation the
conclusive answer has been made» that, in accordance
with our law and the general orders of tbe Department,
the rations of the prisoners are precisely the ‘same; in
quantity and qualify, &b those served oat to oar own
and wMciiU»v« beau tOMd
sufficient to support them in ardnons campaign,
while it la nor pretended by tbe enemy that they treat
prisoners by the eame generous rule. By an Indulgence,
perhaps unprecedented, we have even allowed the pri
soners in oar hands to be supplied! frr their friends at
borne with comforts not enjoyed by the men who cap
tured. them In battle. In contrast to this treatment, the
most revolting inhamanlty has characterized tbe con
duct of the United States towards prisoners held by
them. . -
One prominent fact, which admits no denial nor pallia
tion. must suffice as a test. The officers of our army,
natives of Southern and semi-tropical climatoa, and un
prepared for the cold of a Northern winter, have boen
conveyed for Imprisonment, during the rigors of the
S resent season, to tho most Northern and exposed situa
on that could bo selected by the enemy. There, be
??ond tho reach of comforts, and often even of news from
iome and family, exposed to tho piercing cold of lhe‘
Northern laies, they aro held by men who ctnnot ba
iguoiant ot, even if thoy do not design, the probable re
sult. How many of our unfortunate friends aud com
iader, who have passed unscathod through autnoroas
battles, will perish on Johnson’s Island, under the crnol
trial to which they are subjected, none but tho Omnis
cient can foretell. That they will endure this barbarous
treatment with tho same stern fortitude that thoy havo
ever evinced In their country’s service, we cannot donbt.
But who can be r oand to believe the assertion that it ia
onr refat al to execute tbe cartel, and not the malignity
of tbefoo, which has caused the infliction of auch intole
rable cruelty on our own loved and honored defenders?
Trans Mississippi Department.
Regular and punctual communication with'the traas-
Mississippi isso obstructed as to render difficult a com
pliance with much of the legislation vesting authority
in tbe executive branch of the Government. To supply
vacancies in office; to exercise discretion on certain mat
ters connected with the military organizations; to con
trol the distribution of tho funds collected from taxation,
or remitted from the treasury; to carry on thsoparations
of the Post Offi«e Department, and other like duties, re
auire, uader the Constitution as d existing laws, the ac
tion of the President and bonds of Departments. The
necessities of the military service Ifroqnently forbid de
lay, and some legislation is required, providing for tne
exercise of temporary authority,, until regular action
can be bad at the seat of Government
; 1 would suggest, especially in the Post Office Depart
ment, that au assistant beprovidedfor the States beyond
the Mississippi, with authority in tho head of that. De
partment to vest in this assistant all such powers now
exercisedby tho Postmaster General as mav be requisite
for provisional control of the funds of the department iu
those States, and their application to the payment of mall
contiactois; for superintendence of local post offices, and
the cont)acts for carrying the mails: for the temporary
employment of proper persons to falfil the duties of post
masters and contractors in urgent cases, until appoint-,
meats can be made, and for other Like purposes. With
out ppme legislative provision on the subject, there is se
rious risk of the destruction of the mail service, by-rea
son of the delays and hardships suffered by contractors
under tbe present system, which requires constant refe
rence to Elchmond of their accounts, as well as of'the
returns of the local postmasters, before they can receive
payment for services rendered. Like provision is also
necessary in the Treasury Department: while, for mili
tary affaire, it would seem to be sufficient to authorize
the President and Secretary of War to delegate.to the
commanding general so much of the discretionary pow
ers vestedin them bylaw as the exigencies ofthe service
shall require.
...... Wavy.
The report of the Secretary of the Navr gives in de
tail the operations of that Department since January
last embracing information of the disposition and em
ployment of the vessels, officers, and men, and the con
struction of vetseis at Richmond, Wilmington, Charles
ton. Favannah, Mobile. Selma, and on the rivers
Roanoke. Neuse. Fedee, Chattanoochee, and Tombigbae;
Ihe accumulation of ship timber and supplies, and the
manufacture cf ordnance, ordnance stores, and equio
inents. Tbe foundries and workshops have been greatly
improved, and their capacity to supply all demands for
heavy ordnance for coast and harbor defences only
limited by onr deficiency in the reqaislte skilled labor.
The want of such labor and of seamen seriously affects
tbe operations of the Department.
The skill, courage, and activity of our cruisers at sea
cannot be too highly commended. Tney have infi'eted.
heavy losses on the enemy, without suffering a single
disader, and have seriously damaged tbe shipping in
terests of the United States by compelling their foreign
commerce to seek the protection of neutral flags.
Your attention is invited to the suggestions of the re
port on the subject of supplying seamen for the service,
and of the provision of the law in relation to the volun
teer navy.
Post Office
The Postmaster General reports the receipts for the
fiscal year ending the 30th June las;, to have been
$3.337,853 01. and the expenditures for the same pe
riod, .$2,662,804 67. The statement thus exhibits an
receipts amounting to $675,048 44. instead of
a deficiency of more than a million of dollars, as was
the case the preceding fiscU year. It’is gratifying to
perceive that the 1 department has thus been ’ma4e self
sustaining, in accordance with sou&d principle, and
with tbe express requirement of the Conßti.ution tint its
expenses paid oat of its own revenues after
the Ist March, 1&53.
The report gives full and satisfactory account of the
operations of the Post Office Department tor the last year,
and explains the measures adopted for giving, more
certainty and regularity to the service ia the States be
yond the Mississippi, and on which reliance is placed
for obviating the difficulties heretofore encountered in
that service.
The settlement of tho accounts of the Department Is
greatly delayed by reason of tho iaabUltj* of the first
auditor to perform all the duties now imposed on him by
law. The accounts of the Departments of State, ofthe
Treasury, of the Navy, and of Justice, are all super
vised by.that officer, and more than suffice to occupy his
whole time. The necessity for & third auditor to ex
amine and settle tbe accounts of a Department so exten
sive sb that of the Post Office appears urgent, and his
recommendation on that subject meets my concurrence.
Conduct of the Enemy.
I cannot close this message without again adverting to
the savage ferocity which still marks the conduct of the
enemy in the prosecution of the war. After their repulse
from the defences before Charleston, they first sought
revenge by an abortive attempt to destroy tlia city with
an Incendiary composition thrown by improved artillery
from a distance of fonr miles. Failing in this, they
changed their missiles, but, fortunately, have thu3 far
succeeded only in killing two women in the city. Their
commanderi, Butler, McNeill, andTurchin, whose hor
rible barbarities have made ti eir names widely notori
; ous and everywhere execrable, are still honored and
| cherished by the authorities at Washington. ..The first
1 named, after.having been withdrawn from the scenes of
i his cruelties against women and pris jners of war, (In re
luctant concession to the demands of outraged humanity
in Europe,) haß just been put in a new command at Nor
folk, where helpless women and children are again
placed at his mercy.
Nor has.less unrelenting warfare been waged by those
pret&rded friends'.of human rights and liberties against
the unfortunate negroes. Wherever the enemy have
been able to gain access, they have forced into the ranks
of their army every able-bodied man that they could
seize; and have either left the aged, thewomen and the
children io perish by starvation, or have gathered them
into camps'whefe they hava' been wasted by a frightful
mortality. Without clothing or shelter, often without
food, incapable, without supervision, of taking the moßt
ordinary precautions against disease, these helpless de
pendents. accustomed to’have their wants supplied by
the foresight of their masters, are being rapidly exter
minated. wherever brought in contact with the inva
ders. By the Northern man. on whose pre
judices no kindly restraining inflaence ig expected, they
are treated with aversion and neglect There is little
; hazard in .predicting that; in all localities where the ene
} my have gained a temporary foothold, ihe negroes, who.
< under our care, increased sixfold in number since their
i impoitatlon into the colonies by great Britain, will have
j been reduced by mortally dnring the year not more than
j. une half their previous number. ,
; . Information on this subject is derived not only from
* our owri observation and from the reports of the negroes
i ~who B««oad fij escaping from tbe enemy, but full oon
ji fiimation is afforded by statements published in the
; Northern journals by humane persons engaged in
; making appeals to the charitable for aid. In preventing
) the ravages of disease, exposure, and staivation among
the negro women and children who are crowded into
• encampments
The frontier of our country bears witness to the
alacrity and efficiency with which the general orders of
the enemy have been executed, ia the devastation of
the faims, the destruction of the -agricultural imple
ments. the burning of the houses, and the plunder of
everything movable. Its whole aspect is a comment on
the ethics ofthe general order issued by the United
Stales, on the 24ih April, 3563, comprising instructions
for the government ot armies of the United States in the
field. ” and of which the following is an example •
41 Military necessity admits of ali direct des ruction of
life or limb of armed enemies, and of ocher persona whose
destruction is iicidenta'ly unavoidable in the armed
center ts of the war; it allows of the capturing of every
armed enemy and of every enemy of importance to the
hostile Government, or of peculiar danger to the captor;
it allows of all destruction of property and obstructions
of the ways and channels of traffic, travel, or communi
cation, and of all withholding of sustenance or means of
life from the enemy ;-of the appropriation of whatever an
enemy’s country affords necessary for. the subsistence
andsafety of the army; and of euciLdeceptiouas doe? not
involve, the breaking of good faith, cither positively
pledged regarding agreements entered into daring the
war, or supposed by the modern law of war to exist.
Men who take up'aims against one another in public war
do. not cease on this account to be moral beings,- respon
sible to or e another.and to God.”
The striking contrast to thsse teachings and practices
presenteiToy Our-army when invading Pennsylvania
illustrates the moral character of our people. Though
tlieir forbearance may have been unmerited and unap
preciated-br-the enemy, it was imposed by their own
self-respeciv/which forbade "-their degenerating from
rihr.dtiah-Wttrriyrs into plundering ruffians ' assailing
the property, lives, of helpless non-combat
suiis. If their conduct,v'when thus contrasted with the
inhuman practiced. -offoe, fail lo command the sym
pathy and respect of civilized nations in our day, it
capnotMaiMo. be recognized by their less deceived
poj“teiity. t.r
-: last yearentertained ofthe earl v termination
oftha-war has not been realized. Could carnage havo
satisfied the appetite of our enemy for the destruction of
human life, or grief have appeased their wanton desire
. to inflict, human suffering, there has boen bloodshed
eioughpn bom sides and-two lands"-havebeensuffi
.■.ciently daikene’d by the weeds Qf mourning -to induce a
-disposition.for peace: • ' •
If unanimity in a people could dispel delusion, it has
been.displayedJooiuimtßtekablytiiot s, to have silenced
the pretence that the southern States were merely dis
tnibed by factions insurrection, audit mast long since
hayo been admitted that they were but exercising their
. reae?ve.d right to modify their own Government in such
a mariner'as. best «ecnre their own. happiness
considerations have been powerless to allay
the fluebrutian hate of those who. long accustomed to.
draw.larfe’pr6fltsfromauniQUVitilu?, eannot control'
the rage excited-by the conviction that tuey ifivd,
their own folly, destroyed the richest sources of their
prosperity.
: They refuse even to .listen to proposals for the only
pease possible between us—a peace which, recognizing
ihe Impassable gulf which divides us, ma 7 leave the
two peoples separately to recover from the injuries in
flicted on both.by.the causeless war they waged against
ns. Hayingbeguri the war in-direct violation of their
Constitution, which' forbade the attempt to" coerce a
State, they have been hardened by crime until they no
longer attempt to.veil tbeir purposes to destroy the insti
tutions gnq.Eubvej't the sovereignty and independence of
these States. w« now know that the only reliable hope
for peace is in the vigor of our resistance, as the cessa
tion of their hostility is only to be expected from the
preasnre of-their necessities.. ‘
: The patriotism of the people has proven equal to every
sacrifice demanded by their country’s need. We have
’been united as a people .never were united under like
circuinfctancss before. God has blessed us with success
disproportionate to our mean?, and, under His divine
favor, our labor must at last be crowned with the re
ward due to men who have given all they possessed to
the nghteopß .defence of their inalienable rights; tbeir
homes,‘and their altars. JEFFERSON DAVIS.
Richw.o>’D, December 7, 1663.
Old Johu Brown.
AjN UNPUBLISHED LETTEB—HOW HE FACED DEATH.
The Cleveland (Ohio) Herald publishes the follow
ing letter, r hever before printed, written by Captain
John Brown, who was hung at Charlestown, Virgi-
four years ago last Wednesday, to a relative
and old-friend hi-Windham, Ohio : •
V Charlestown,; Jb]?feei3on Co., Va M
~ . l'9th NTOVm.ISS9.
“ Rev Luther Humphrey—My Bear Friend:
Your kind letter.of the 12th inßt., is now before me.
I suppose I am the first since the landing of Peter
.Brown from the Mayflower that has either been sen
tenced to imprisonment or to the gallows. 'Bat my
dear old friend, let not that fact alone grieve you.
You cannot have forgotton how and where our
grandfashej (Capt. John Brown) fell in 1786; and that
‘he too, mighf'have tperished on ’the s'cafl’old had
circumstances been but very little different. The
-fact that a man dies under the hand of an execu
tioner (ori otherwise) has but little to do with hia
true character, as’ I suppose. John Bogers perished’
at the stake, a great and good man, as I suppose :
but hiß doing so does not prove that any other man
who has died in the same way was good or other
wise. Whether I have any reason to ‘be of good
cheeri (or not) in view of my end, I can assure
you that I feel, so ; and that I am totally blinded
if I do not really experience that strengthening
and consolation you so faithfully implore in my
behalf. The God of our Fathers reward your
fidelity. I neither feel mortified, degraded, nor in the
least ashamed, of my-imprisonment* my chain, or
near prospect-of death by hanging. T feel-assured
c that not one hair shall fall from my head without
the will of rny heavenlyFather.’ I also feel that I
have long been endeavoring to hold exactly 1 such a
/artagGodhae chosen.* See the passage imlsaiah
which you have quoted. No part of my life-tjaa
been more happily spent than that I have spent
here, and I humbly trust that no part has been spent
to better purpose. I would not say this boastiagly:
but, ‘ thanks be unto God who giveth us the victory,
through infinite grace.’
{{ l should be sixty years old were Ito live till May.
9, 1860. I have" enjoyed much of life as it is, - and
have been remarkably prosperous; having early
learned to regard the welfare and prosperity
others as my own. I have never, since Z can re
member, required'h great amount df sleep, so that I
conclude that have already eojoyed full ah average
number of waking hours with those who reach their
‘ three score years and ten.’ I have not as yet been
driven to the use'of;glasseg7 but can see to read ami
write quite comfortably. But, more than that, I
have generally enjoyed, remarkably good health.
X might go on to recount unnumbered and unmer
ited blessiugs, among which would be some very ce- r
vere afflictions j. and those the most needed blessings
df all. And now, when I think how easily I might
be left to spoil all X have done or Suffered in the
cause of freedom, 1 hardly dare wish another voy
age, even, if I had the opportunity. It is a long
time since we met; but we shall now Boon come to
gether in Tour ‘ Fathers house,’ I trust. ‘Let us
hold fast that we already have,’ remembering ‘we
sbftll reap in due time if we faint not.’ 1 Thanks be
eyer unto Grod,’who givefch us the victory through
Je&ua CMist bur Lord.* And now, my old warm- ;
hearted Mend, ‘goodbye. 5
S “ Your affectionate cousin,
i “JOHN BROWN.”
MARSHALL'S PINE-TREE TAR
DROPS. . - , s .
■1 . .TRY THEM! . TRY-THEM!. ,
For the alleviation of Asthma. Bronchitis, Goughs, Colds,
s _ Soreness or Tickling of the Throat.
t They'are very pleasant and effectual, neatly put no in
sliding cases, convenient for the pocket, Sold at 15 and
2ScentBper box (3D-cent boxes cheapest) by Druggists
and dealers .in medicines generally. Prepared only by
THOS.-P; MARSHALL, TRSNTON. N. J.
SHERIFF'S gAIBS.
CHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VTRTuFoF
, a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposed to public sale or vendee, on SUNDAY Eve
ning, January 4.1364. at 4 o’clock, at Sanstaa-atreet Ball.
All that certain three story brick messuage 1 and lot of
ground situate on the north side of Wood street, eighty
feet &ine inches eastward from Eighteenth street,- in the
city of Philadelphia: containing in front on wood street
twelve feet, and in depth on the west line forty-one feet
tbrie lucbee, to a two feei-nlne-incbes-wide allay, and
on the east line forty-four feet. C Which said promises
Morgan Hinehman et ux.. by deed dated June ICVIBII.
recorded-in Deed Book Q. g , No-28. page 259, &c., con--
voyed un-to John Gate-hell in fee. reserving a ground rent
of fl/ty-four dollars, payable haif-yearlrO
CG F. ; D..’63. 170. Debt, $27.61. Potts V
Taken in exeeuuon and to be sold as the property of
Jo A n ., o 2 te , b l l . l - <- Joiiif Thompson; sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriffe Quire. Dec. 12.1832. del4-3t
CHEEIFF’S SALE.—BY -VIRTUE OF
w a writ of Venditioni Bxponaa, to mo directed, will ba
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4i 1864. at 4 o’clock, at B&nsom-etreet Hkil.
AH that certain lot of ground situate on the north aide
of Sycamore street, one hundred and fifty feet westwarl
from Forty'eiffhth wtreet, in the city of Philadelphia •
containing in front on Sycamore street fifty feet, and in
dopih one hundred ana fifty feet to a thirty-feet-wide
street. (Which said premises John. Stewart et as, by
deed dated November 15. 1869, record la Deed Book A
D. B . No. 91;.page 36?, &c .conveyed unto Albert H
Ellis in fee; reierving a ground rent of forty-five and
fifty-ore hundredths dollars, payable first of January*
and July j
„ , CC. P.; D.. ’65.161. Debt. $177 01. BrinckU.l
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Albert H. Ellis. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12,1863. de!4-3t
SHERIFF’S SAMI.—BY. VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponaa, to hlo directed,
will be exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY
Evening, January 4,1361. a; 4 o’clock, at bansom-at. Hail,
AIL that certain three-atory brick messuage and lot of
ground situate oii the north aide of Wood street, sixty
eight feet nine inches eastward from Eighteenth street,
in the city of Philadelphia; containing in front on
Wood street twelve feet,and in depth forty-one feet three
inches to a Iwo-feet-nine-inches-wido alley. (Which
said promises Morgan Hinchmau et ux , by deed dated
June 10, 1811, recorded in Deed Book G. 8.. No 23, page
223, &c., conveyed unto John Uatchell in fee. reserving
a ground rent of fifty-four dollars, payable half voariv
[C. P. :D. ’B3. 171. Dabts27.62. Pottv]
Taken in execution and to be sold as the uroDertv of
John Gatchell. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12. 1863. del4*3t
CBERIFF’S. SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writof Venditioni Exponas, tolme directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MON DAY Evening,
January 4,1864, at 4 o’clock, at hansom-street Hall.
All that certain lot of ground aitaate on the north side
of Clearfield street ana west side of Twenty-second
street. In the city of Philadelphia; containing in front
onClearfiold street one hundred and foity feet, and in
depth of that width along Twenty-second street two
hundred and twenty-five.feet to Park street. (Which
said p'remires hclomon Wagner et ux, bv deed dated
May 13, 18G1, recorded in Deed Book A C. H. , No. 21,
page 69, &c., conveyed unto John A. Goehrmg in fae;
subject to a yearly ground rent of eighty-four dollars. 3
CC. IV, D, ’63. 1:6. Debt $42.93. Thorn. 3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
John A Goehring, dec JOHN THOMPSON, Bneriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12.1663. da!4-3t
SHERIFF’S SALE—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening.
January 4,1864. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall
All that certain lot of ground, with the building there
on erected. situate on the eaat side of Twelfth street, one
hundred and seven feet northward from Girard avenue, in
the city of Philadelphia ; containing in front on Twelf.h
6treet fifteen feet, and in depth sixty feet. CWhich said
premises Charles Henry Fisher, by deed dated Septem
ber 21.18—, recorded in Deed Book T. H., No. 63, page
189, Ac .conveyed unto William EL Deacon in fee; re
serving a yearly ground rent of $72.' 3
(C. P.; D., ’63; 147. Debt, $73 44 Clayton. 3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
William K. Deacon. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff. '
Philadelphia, Sheriffs Office, Dec. 12, 1363. del4*3t
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4, 1864, at 4 o'clock, at Sansom-street Hall, ’
All that certain lot of ground situate on the east side of
Franklin, late Lawrence street, forty-six feet southward
from Noble street, in the city of Philadelphia : contain
ing in front on Franklin Btreet Blxteen feet, and in depth
ou the north line sixty-seven ftet five and three-quar
ters inches. and on the south line about sixty-six feet
eeven.inches. CWhich said premises Gilbert Alberson,
etux/.by deed dated September 12.. 1826. conveyed unto
Charles Wileoriin fee ; resolving a ground rent of twen
ly-nlne dollars, payable twentieth of February and
August. 3 , '
(C. P.: D.,’63. 167. Debt, $29. Grout.]
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Charle* Wilson. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff
Philadelphia, Sheriff's Office, Dec. 12,1863. del4-3t
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public 6ale or vendue, on MONDAY; Evening,
January 4,1864, at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall, '
All that certain tbree-otory brick messuage and lot of
ground situate on the east side of Seventeenth street
(No. 241) below Vine street, in the city of Philadelphia;
containing in front on Seventeenth street twenty feet,
and in depth sixty-six feet.
[C. P.; D. *63. 162. Debt, $4O. Tannery. 3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Morgan H. Thomas. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office. Pec. 12. 1863. de!4 3t
©HERIFFS SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
k-'a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on. MONDAY Evening,
January 4,1861, at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall,
All that certain three story frame messuage and lot of
ground situate on the weßt side of Mascher, late Clinton
street, one hundred and forty-seven feet northward from
Oxford street, in the city of Philadelphia; containing in
front on Mascher street seventeen feet, and in depth
seventy feet to a twenty-feet-wide alley. [Which said
premises Emery Miller, by deed dated July 20, 1859. con
veyed unto Joseph Miller in fee; subject to a ground rent
of nineteen dollars and twelve and one-half cents.] ,
ICC. P,;D., ’63. 156. Debt, $5O. Woodward,]
; Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Joseph Miller. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12. 1863. de!4-3t
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
an order of Sale in Partition, to me directed, will
be exposed to publu, sale or vendue, on MONDAY Eve
ning, January 4,1864. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall.
No. 1. All those certain messuages and lot of ground
situate on the oast side of Second street, three hundred
and seventy six feet northward from Thomgson (late
Phoenix) street, in the City of Philadelphia: containing
in front on Second 'street fifteen feet six inches, and in
depth one hundred tnd fifteen feet to Palethorp (late
Perry) street. [Which said premises HughLamonetux,
by deed dated February 24. recorded in Deed Book
B. L. L., No. 16, page 477, sc. conveyed unto William
Miller in foe, subject to a ground rent of fifty-four dol
lars. ].-•••
No. 2 All those certain messuages and lot of ground
situate on the north side of Bainbow street, one hundred
and four feet westward from Blair street, in the city of
Philadelphia ; containing in front on Kainbow street
thirty-two feet, and in depth one hunirei feet. [Which
said premises Daniel D. Sutton et ux. by deed dated
March 7. 1848, recorded, in Deed Book G. W. C No, 2,
page 29, Ac. , conveyed'unto William Miller in fee; sub
ject to a. Krouud rent of sixteen dollars.]
N. B $l5O to be paid on each property at time of sale
[D, ; D.. 272 & L.-TaylorO*
„ John Thompson, Sheris
Philadelphia. Sheriffs OSes. Dec. 12,1563. de!4-3t *
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Eve
ning, January 4,1864, at'4b’c2ock, at Sansom-street Hall,
All that certain lot of ground situate on the somb side
of Pine street, twenty feet westward from 1 wenty- second
street, in the city of Philadelphia; containing in front
on Pixe street eighteen feet, and in depth eighty feet
[Which said premises Simon BroJaskey, bvdeed datsd
October 9, 1862, recorded in Deed Book A. C H , No 66.
psge 177, &c., conveyed unto William Dugan in fee. re
serving a gToiind rent of one hundred and twenty-six
dollars, payable first of Apr 1 and October.)
N. B. —There is an unfinished three-story brick dwel
ling erected on the premises.
CO-.P ; D.,’63. 155. Debt, $70.86. Auge.)
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
William Dugan. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia; Sheriff’s Office. Dec. 15.1563. de!4-3t
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposed to public 'sale or vendue, on MONDAY Eve
ning, Jennary 4, 1564, at 4 o’clock, at Sausom-streat Hall,
All that certain three-story brick messuage and lot of
ground situate on the east side of Ninth street forty-five
«setfive inches northward from Prime street, in fcfce city
of. Philadelphia; containing in front on Ninth street fif
teen if et and m depth on the north, line fifty-seven feet
seven inches, and on the south line fifty-five feet, more
or lesMo a three-feet-wide alley, with the privilege there
of. [ Which said premise** J. H. Mcllvaineet ux. bv deed
dated May 4,1854, recorded in Deed Boo* A_C if .No SI,
page 2fo. &c , conveyed unto John Murray, in fee; re
serving a ground Tent of forty-two dollars and sevent«en
cents, payable firit of January aud July. ]
[C. P..; D., ’63. 166 Debt. $9061 Lex.]
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
John Murray. ' JOHN THOMPBON, Sheriff.
Philada., Sheriffs Office, December 12, 1863. de!4-3t
SHERIFFS SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Even
ing, January 4.1564. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall.
All that certain three-story brick messuage and Jot or
piece of ground situate on tne north side of Oxford street,
*oHy-five feet westward from Marvine street, in the city
of Philadelphia; containiu* in front on Oxford street fif
teen feet, and in depth eighty feet, to a four-feet-wide
alley.
. CC. P ; D.,/63. 177. -Debt, $46.(6. PancoasfcJ
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
James P. Harris. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff
Philadelphia, Sheriffs Office,December 12. .1563 de!4-3t
GHERIFF’S SALE—BY VIRTUE OF
. a Writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposeu i 0 pilouC saie or vendue, on MONDAY Even
ing, January 4, 1864. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall,
All that certain lot of ground with the buildings there
on erected, rituate on the north side of Slarriner street,
two htmnred and fifty-six feet westward from Thir
teenth street, in the city of Philadelphia; containing in
front on Mavriner street sixteen feet, and. iu depth sixty,
feet. [Which said premises 'William S. Helmutheta\
by deed dated December 3l,lB3o,:recorded in Deed Book
A. M., No 6S, pane 547. &c.. conveyed nnto Jonas P
Fairlamb in fee. subject to a* yearly ground rent of $36 3
. CC. P.: D., J 63. 154. Debt. SGI 40, Thom. 3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Jonas P Fairlamb. Jr. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office. Dec 12, 1563. del4-3t
SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will
be exposed to public sale or venuue, on MONDAY Even
ing, Januar 4, 1864, at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall.
All that certain lot of ground situate on the west side
of Cnnant Alley (between Tenth and Eleventh streets)
one hundred and seventy-five feet southward from Lo
cust street, in the city of Philadelphia; contains g in
front on said alley fifteen feet, and in depth seventy
eight ftet to a twenty-feet-wide court. Bounded south
ward by a twenty-feet-wide alley. With* the privilege
of said court and alley.
TO. P.;D.. ’63' 165. Debts2o.. Sergeant.']-
Taken m execution and to be sold as the property of
James Thomas, dec’dl JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriff's Office, Dec. 12.1863. del4-3t =
SHERIFFS SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, Will
be exposed to public saie or vendue, on MONDAY Even
ing.. January 4, 1564, at4o'clock. at Sansom-street Hall.
All that certain messauge and lot of ground situate
on the,east side of Thirteenth street, one hundred and-,
fifty-four feet northward from Colambia avenue, in
the city of Philadelphia; containing in front on Thir
teenth. street sixteen feet, and in depth one hundred and
sixteen feet to Mulvaney street. [Which said premises
George W. Conarroe et ux, by deed dated October 1,
3549, recorded in Deed Book A. D. 8., No. 143, page 116,
&c., con vej-ed unto .Tames H. Dounelly in fee. l
[C. P., D.; '63. 1C9.. Debt $50.40 Lonstreth.3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
James H. Donnelly. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
• Philadelphia, Sheriff's Office, Dec. 12, 1563. del4-3t
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4, 1564, at 4 o’clock, at Sanspm-street Hall. -
All that certain three-story and lot of
ground situate on the north side of Hamilton street, one
hundred and eighty-four fs»t nine inches wsst ward from
Ihirty-third street, in the-city of Phtiadsiphia; con
taiDing in front on Hamilton street twenty-eight feet
three inches,Land in depth on the east line sixty feet
elev«n inches, and on the west line sixty-two feet five
and one-eighth inches. [Whish. said premises Alfred B.
Justice, st ux., by deed dated March 26 1559, recorded
iu Deed Book D. 8.. No. 65, page 19S, &c., conveyed
unto Joseph Herbert ,in fee, reserving a ground rent of
sersnty-nine dollars and fifty-four cents, payable Ist of
April and Octmier. 3 •
EC. P. ;D., ’63; 16S. Debt, $126 04. H. O. Townsend. 3
Takeniri execution and to be sold as the property of r
JOKph Herbert. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office. Dec. 12.1563- del4-3t
CHIRIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4, 1564. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall,
All thatcertainlotorpiece of ground, with the three-story
brick messuage thereon erected, situate on the south side
of Christian street, heginnin g at the diet mce of eighty
feet westward from the west side of Eleventh street, in
the city of Poiladelphia; containing in front or breadth
on the said Chnstianptreet sixteen feet, and in length or
depth southwardly of that width on the east line fifty
two feet two inches, and on the west line forty-nine feet
six inches . ' . ’ "
. IC. P.: D., ’63. 163. Debt SS. W. S. Price. ]
Taken in’exeention and to be sold as the property, of
Alexander ?. Coulen. \ JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12, 1563. del4-3t
(SHERIFF'S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening
January 4.1564. at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street Hall.
All that certain lot of ground situate on the southeast
erly side-ot the Philadelphia and Trenton Hail road, four
hundred, and fifty feet northeasterly from Ciearfiield
street, m the city of Phila.telphia;:containing iu front on
said railroad tnirty**6ix ) set, and in deptli southeasterly
one hundred and sixty-seven feet, more or less, to
Witte street.. • • ■ .
_ ; D.. f C3. m. Debt, $77.38 J. M. Thomas. 3
Taken _ln execution and to be sold as the property of
Pelham L; Hoi Hr. JOHN THOMPSON; Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12, 1663. de!4-St
SHERIFF’S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue on MONDAY Even
ing. January 4, 1564.at4 o’clock,at Sansom-street Hail.
All that ceitain three-story brick messuage and lot of
Hound situate,on the north sidoofParrUhslreet.thirty
four feet eastward from Ninth street, in the city of Phi-
Hdelphla ; containing in front on Parrish street thirty
two feet, and in depth on the west lino seventy-one feet
seven and one- quarter inches. ;and on the east
Yeutyrslx feet three and one-eighth inches;
: [O, P. ;I>.. ’63. ICS. Debt, $54 42. Perktaa.3
Taken in execution and to -be sold as the property of
Joseph Ruo- v, .. • • JOHN THOMPSON,BhevIffi
-X'tuUdelpfila,Sheriff's Office, Bed. 12, dsli-3t
gHEKIFFS SAtES,
SHERIFF'S SALE.-—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will tie
exposed to public sale or vendwe- on KOND AT Ifreniag;
January 4. 1361, at 4 o’clock, at Banana- street Hall,
All that certain two-story brisk metrurage aud lot of
ground sitnate on the south side oJMaeters street, eighty
teot eastward from Seventeenth street, in the city of
Philadelphia; containing in front on Masters street
twenty fret and in'depth seventy-seven-feet.
CC. P.; D., US. Vfß Deot, *78130. Pancoasfc. I
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Arthur Eel* . JOHN THOMPSON? Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriffs Office; Pec. 12, *363. de!4-3t
GHERIFF’S SAJEiEk—BY VIRTFE OP
a writ of. Venditioni Exponas, to.me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendee, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4,1861. at 4-o’clock, at Bansom : street Kali.
AH that certatc lot of ground situate on thesouthwest
aide of Sorrel street, one hundred feet north.ward'from
Bath street, in the city of Philadelphia; containing in
froDt on Sorrel street twenty feet, and In depth one han
dled # and seven feet eight and one-quarter inches.
E-Which said lot John Keating, ot al , trustees. by deed
dated July 20, 1835, recorded in Heed Book 8. H. i\, Ifo. 6,
page 375. conveyed unto Joseph Funk in fee; reserving a
ground rent of ten dollars ]
CC. P ; D.,'G3. 175. Debt, $75. Spencer.]
Taken in execution and to be sold an the property of
Joseph Funk. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff
Philadelphia. Sheriff's Office. Dec. 12. 1863. delink
SHERIFFS SALE—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed,
will be exposed topublicsaleor veudue.onMONDAY Eve
ning. January4.l364, at 4o > clock, at Sansom-street Hall,
All that certain lot of ground situate on the north aide
of Sycamore street two hundred feet eastward from Forty
ninth, street, in the city of Philadelphia; containing in
fronton Sycamore etreet fifty fett and in depth one hun
dred and City feet to a thirty-feet-wlda street. CWhicii
said premises John Stuart et ux, by deed dated Novara*
her in, isos, recorded In Deed Book A. D. 8.-, No. 91,
&c., conveyed unto John G. Moore, in fee;- re
serving a ground reu: offorty-five dollarsand flftycents,
p&yible fir*t of January and July ]
..cap.; D.:’C3. 160 Debt,sl77.ol. -Brinckle.]
▼ \ ai£ ®Jiin execution end to be sold as the property of
John G TO*-,., JOHN THOMPSON. Sheriff.
Philadelphia. ShenrsOffice, Dec. 12, 1863. del4-3t.
CHERIFF’S SALE.— BY VIRTUE OF
a writ ofVeaditioni Exponas, tome directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening
January 4, 1564, at 4o’clock. atSaaßom-street Hall.
All that certain messuage and lot of ground situate on
the east side of Seventh street, two hundred and forty
one feet four and a-half inches northward from Pop’ir
street, In the city of Philadelphia; containing in from on
Seventh street sixteen feet, (including one half of a two
feet two-inchos-wide alley. with, the privilege thereof,)
and in depth eighty seven feet five inches C Which said
premises W. Jenk<etox. by deed dated October 7; 1844,
recorded in Deed Book B' L L. No. 35, page 502, &c.,
conveyed unto Joseph M. Thomas in fee; reserving a
ground rent of thirty-two dollars, payable l3t May aud
November.
*CO. F;D, ’63. 157. Debt, $33 56. Flood.]
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Joseph M. Thomas. JOHN THOMPSON. Sheriff.
Philadelphia, Sheriff's Office, Dec. 12, 1863. del4 3t
CHERIFF'S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
k-' a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed,will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Evening,
January 4. 1864, at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street iJali,
All that certain lot or piece of ground situate. lying,
and being in the Nineteenth ward of the city of Philadel
phia, beginning at the southeasterly corner of Ontario
street and Caspar street, and extending thence north--
eatr rerly along the southeasterly side of said Caspar street
175 feet, to a point in the line of ground now-or late
“The North Pennsylvania .Railroad Company,” said
line being the centre of a certain street called Kassel
street, ft rty feet wide; thence by said liffb of groomD
south thirty-two degrees twenty-four and one-half
minutes, east five hundred and twenty-jive feet, to the
centre of a filty feet-;wide street called Carbon street;
thence southwestward along the centre of said Carbon
street one hundred and eeventy-five feet, to the north
easterly line o' the laid Ontario street; thence north
westerly along the northeasterly line of the said On
tario street five hundred and twenty-five feet, to the
place of beginning. *
[C. P.; D. T.,’63. 151. Debt, $99.66. Ernst.]
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
J» hn T. Jones. JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office, Dec. 12. 1863. del4-3t
{SHERIFF'S SALE.—BY VIRTUE OF
a writ of Venditioni Exponas, to me directed, will be
exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY Even
ing, January 4.1564, at4o’clock. at Sansom-street Hall,
All ihat certain three-story brj,ck messuage and lot of
ground, beginning on. the north side of Wager street
three hundred and seventy-five feet eastward from Gor
mantow n road, in the city of Philadelphia; thence north
ward parallel with said rotd eighty-four feat; thence
westwaid along the north sidoof a three-feat wide alley
eleven feet seven and one half inohes; thence northward
seventy-eight feet four and one half inches; th“nce
northeastward nineteen feet three inches; thence south
ward on a line at right angles with Wager - street one
hundred and sixty-six feet five inches to said Wager
street, and thence westward' along the same fifteen feet
to the place of beginning [Which said pre nises Lewis
Shinnictoet ux. by deed dated October 26, 1848, recorded
in Deed “Book R. D. W., No 65. page SP7, Ac., conveyed
unto Daniel W. Miller in fee; subject to a.ground-rent
of fifteen dollars. ]
CC. P.: D. ’63. 152. Debt, $48.75. Thorn!
Taken in execution, and to be sold an the property of
Daniel W. Miller.' : JOHfl THOMPSON, Sheriff.
Philadelphia. Sheriff’s Office. Dec. 12. 1863. dsli-St^S
CHEEIPP’S SALE—BY VIRTUE OP
a writ of Piaries Venditioni Exponas, to me directed,
will be exposed to public sale or vendue, on MONDAY
Evening, January 4, 1864, at 4 o’clock, at Sansom-street
Hall,
No 1 All that certain fonr-6tory brick store-house
and lot orpiece of ground situate on the south side of
Church street or alley, between Second and Third street*
and between Market and Arch streets, in the city of Phi
ladelphia, (No. 280;) containing in breadth thirteen feet
two-ind-a-half inches, and in length or depth sixty
feet, more or less. Hounded northward by the said
Church street or alley, eastward by David Deshler’s
ground, and southward and westward by ground for
merly of Andrew Harris [Being the same premises
which George Bartholomew and wife, by indenture
dated the ninth day of June, 1881, recorded in Deed Book
A. M-, No. 32. page 585, granted and conveyed unto
James Howell, in fee. V
N. B.—There is a mortgage of $4,4X1 on this property,
dated Julyl, 1533, recorded in'Mortgage Book A. M„
No. 15, page 701.
No. 2. —also, all those brick and frame messuages or
tenements and lot Or piece of ground, situate on tbe east
side of Third street, between Tamany and .Green streets,
(No. 505.) in the city of Philadelphia: contaiuinginfront
or breadth on said Third street twenty feet, and inlength
or depth keeping the same breadth, oae hundred and
twelve feet to a sixteen-feet wide alley, formerly called
Hose alley, now. called Brook street Bounded south
ward by a messuage and lot of Conrad Keller, north
wardby grouudlate of Jonn Mintzar, deceased, east
ward by the eaid Brook .street, and wjsptward by Third
street aforesaid, [Being the same premises which Wil
liam A. Porter, Sheriff, by Dead the Sell-day
of July, 1843, acknowledged in the District Court at Phi
ladelphia, and entered among the records thereof, in
Book O, page 210, granted and conveyed unto Jamas
Howell, in fee; subject to a yearly ground rautofsixo'
dollars, which has sinc9 been extinguished 3
N. B.—Tbe improvements on this lot are a frame house
fronting on Third street, two small brick houses in the
rear, and a frame bouse fronting on Brook street. There
is a mortgage of SI,'7CQ on the property, dated September
25,1843, recorded in Mi rtgage Book R L- L., No. 5, page
£S9. •
[S. C.; J.T. ’64 15.. Debt. $1,97100. W. B. Heiskell.3
Taken in execution and to be sold as the property of
Sarah Howell, Executrix* &c
JOHN THOMPSON, Sheriff
. Philadelphia, Sheriffs OSoe, Dec 12, 1563. de!4-3t
£EGA£.
TTNITED STATES, EASTEKN DIS
TB2CT OP PENNSYLVANIA, SOT.
THE PRESIDENT OP THE UNITED STATES,
to the marshal of the eastern district o*
PENNSYLVANIA,
GREETING; ’
WHEREAS. The District Court of the United States'ln
and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, rightly
and duly proceeding-on a Libel, filed in the name
of the United-: States-of 'America, hath decreed all
persons in general -who have, or pretend to have
any right, title, or Interest in the steamer CALHOUN,
whereof McConnel was master, her tackle, apparel, and
furniture, or in the sum of Twenty-nine Thousand Dol
lars, being the amount representing and substituted for
t he said vessel bylth e NavT Department of tbe said United
States, (the said, steamer having been captured by the
* Samuel Rotan, a vessel-oi-war of the United States,
under command of ), to be monished, cited,
and called to judgmoat.at the time and place under
written, and to the effect hereafter expressed (justice so
requiring). You are, therefore, charged and strictly en
joined and commanded, that you omit not, but that by
publishing these presents in at least two of the daily
newspapers printed and published in.the city of Phila
delphia-, and in tbe Legal Intelligencer , -you do monish
and cite, or cause to be monished and cited', peremptorily
all persons in general who have, or pretend to have, any
right, title, or interest in the said steamer CALHOUN,
hsr tackle tpparel, and furniture, or iu the said sum of
Twenty-nine Thousand Dollars, deposited by the Navy
Department of tbe United-Slates, and representing and
substituted for the said vessel, to appear before the Hon.
JOHN C-ADWALADER, the Judge of the said Court, at
the District. Court room, in the city of Philadelphia, on
the twentieth day after publication of these presents,
if it be a court day, or else on tbe next court day
following, between tbe usual hours of hearing cau
ses, then and*there to show, or allege, in due form of
law. a reasonable and lawful excuse, if any they have,
why the said steamer Calhoun, her tackle, apparel, and
furniture, or the said sum of Twenty-nine Thousand
Dollars, deposited as aforesaid, representing and substi
tuted for the'said vessel, should not be pronounced to be
long, at the time of tbe capture of the same, to the ene
mies of tbe United States, and as goods of their enemies
or otherwise, liable and subject to condemnation; to be
adjudged and condemned as good and lawful prizes: and
further, to do and receive in this behalf as to justice
shall appertain. And that you duly intimate, or cause
to bo intimated, unto all persons aforesaid, generally (to
whom *7 the f enor of those prssapits it« intimated),
that if they sna*i hv„ appear 2-t the time and place abo»C
mentioned, or appear and shall not show a reasonable
and lawful cause to.the.contrary, then said District
Court doth intend and will proceed to adjudication on
the said capture, and may pronounce that the said
steamer CALBOUN, her tackle, apparel, and furniture,
(or the said sum of Twenty nine Thousand Dollars,
represenring and substitutea . for the said vessel by the
Navy Department of the United States. )did belong, at
che'time of the capture of the same, to the enemies of
the United States of America, and as goods of their
enemies, or--otherwise, liable..and subject. to confis
cation and condemnation, to be adjudged and con
demned as lawful prize, the absence, or rather con
tumacy, of the persons so cited and intimated in any
wise notwithstanding, and that'you duly certify to
the said District Court what you shall do iu the pre
mises, together with these presents.
Wifcneps’the Honorable JOHN CADWALADER.. Judge
of the saidi Court, at Philadelphia, this tenth day
of DECPMUBK,' A. D. 1563. and in the eighty-eighth
year of the Independence ox the said .United States..., :
del2-3t G. R. POX. Clerk DistrictUourt.
TN THE ORPHANS’ COURT FOR
- 1 - THE CITY A 3» COUNTY OP PHILADELPHIA. -
Estate hf SETH OKAIGE, deceased. :
CThe Auditor appointed’by the Court to audit, settle,
and adjust the Second Account of SINGLETON A.
MtRCER and JOSHTX.V'-B. LIPPINCOTT, Executors of i
the Trill of SETH 0-RAIGE-. deceased, and to make dis-A
tribntion ofthe balance in ths-hands of the accountants,'
trfll meet the parties'interested for the purpose* of :"his
appointment on TUESDAY;' December 15th, 1863,-at'4
o’clock P. fif., at his office, IJSB 8. SIXTH Street, in the
city ofPhiladelphia • WM. DkKELLEf, •*
de7 : mwf-5t •.*§£. Auditor..
TN THE ORPHANS’ COURTFOR THE
CITY AND COUNTY OP PHILADELPHIA." " ’
Estate of ANDREW RODGERS, dec’d.
• Hotice is hereby given that the widow of said decedent
has filed her petition and an appraisement of the per
sonal and proceeds of the real estate which she- elects to
retain, under act of April 14, .IS>l, and the supplements
thereto, which will he approved by the Court oi FRI
DAY, December ISth, 1563, unless exceptions be filed
thereto. - JOHN B C /LAHAN,
de7 mth4t Afcfc’y for Petitioner.
TN THE DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
- 1 - CITY AND COUNTY OF PHILADELPHIA.
MASON HUTCHINS V 3; ANTHONY TERRADELL and
• Wife v
June Term, 1563. No. 54S .Alias Lev. Fa.
The Auditor appointed by the Court to make distribu
tion of the fund in Court arising from the sale by the
Sheriff under the * bove writ, of all that three-story brick
messuage acd lot'of fgrmmd situate on- the south side of
locust street, between Eleventh and Twelfth streets, in
the city of Philadelphia, at the distance af 16 feet 6
inches from Mercer street, and. containing in front on
said Locust street-15 feet, and extending in depth south
ward 70 feet, together with the privilege of a certain
three-feet-wide alley leading into Mercer street— • ---
Will attend to the duties of his appointment on FRI
DAY, December 15th. 1863, at\A o’clock P. M., at liis
office, 131 South FfFTH Street, in the "city off Phila
delphia, when and where all persons interested are re
quired to present their claims, or: be debarred from
coning in upon said fund. GEO. M, CONARROE,
deS-lOt -• Auditor.
TN THE DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
-L CITY ANIt- COCNT.y OF-FEILADELPfU A
, SAMUEL LL.OYD et al. vs. JOSEPH HERBERT, Sec
A 3. Lev, Fa. Jnue T., ISIS H0."652.
SAME vs SAME. ..
Al. Lev Fa, June T., 1883.' No. 553.
The Auditor appointed by the Court to distribute the
/urds lu Court severally arising from'the sales in the
above cases of
No. 1. All that certain three-story, building, two-story
hack buildings, and lot or piece of ground thereunto be
longing situate on the south side oThaMILTON Street,
m the iwenty*fourth ward of the city of Philadelphia;
beginning at the distance of one hundred and ninety-six
feet eastward from the east side of Thirty-third street,
and containing in front on-said Hamilton street twenty
feet, and extending northward between parallel lines
at right angles with said Hamilton street one hundred
feet; and • s
No. 2. All thit'cerkain three-story building, two story
back buildings, and lot or piece of ground thereunto be
longing, situate on the south, side of HAMILTON Street
(adjoining No.ltothe eastward): beginning at the dis
tance of two hundred and sixteen feat eastward from the'
east side of Thirty-third street, and containing in front
on said Hamilton street twenty feet,. and extending
northward between parallel lines at right angles with
said Hamilton street one hundred feet, will attend to
the duties of his appointment on WEDNESDAY, the 23d
day of December; 1563. at four o’clock P M., at his office.
No 273 South FOURTH Street, Philadelphia, when and
where all persons interested are required to present
their claims, or be forever debarred from coming in
upon, said funds. R, BUNDLE SMITH,
dell-iSfc Auditor, Ac.
MOTICE IS HEREBY GHYEN THAT
AV “THE BANK OF GERMANTOWN” intend to
apply to the Legislature of Pennsylvania, ,at their next
session, for a renewal of their Charter. Said Bank is
located in Germantown, Twenty-second ward of the
ciity of Philadelphia, with an authorised capital of
THREE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS; a renewal
of which will be asked for, with the usual banking
privileges. ;•••••
By order of the Board. ~
CHARLES W. OTTO, Cashier.
Germantown, June 22.1863. je22-m6m*
WILLIAM. KING’S ALGOIIOH, CAM
(”» riHHE, and BURNING FLUI& reeslwa
dallyfrom' Factory, and for eale by w KING. 11T
ARCH Street; Factory, 134 T and 13*9 FRANKFOKD
Rofto* . des-im*
ATICTIOH SAI.ES.
JOHN B. MYERS & CO., AUCTION.
v EEES, Noe. iS3% and 33t MARKET street.
laege positive sale or 375 lots Faggro?
■ K«:r™ sa
* THIS DAT.
A CABD,—We Invite fcne attention o' dealers t» tha
assortment of French, Swiss, German anA
£;” * atoT" firoo<lJS ' umbrellas, fare, <sc., &£, embracing
abom 380 lote or staple end fancy articles,to be
tonly oold. by catalosrne. on fonr months' credit, cow**
menclng this morntay, at 13 o’clock precisely*
IAE n!IS? iLE 0F FEEJTOHL. IRDii,
GEKMAN. ARS> BRITISH DBT GOODS. *«.
THIS MOfiaiHG.
Dec 14th, ftt lO o’clock, will b 0 sold br caJsilo*a*.
on four months’ credit, about
?SO PACKAGES JuffD LOTS
of French, India, Gemaa, and Britiatedry roods,
embracing;- a large and choice assort rnent of fhncr' a "d
etaple articles in silk, worsted', woolen, linen, and cot
ton fabrics.
2f. B.—Samples of tbe earae-will be a7ranred for ex
amination, with, catalogues, early cn the morning of>
the sale, when dealers will find It to their tnterestt<ri&
tend.
LABOR SALE OP FRENCH BBT GOODS, Ac.
NOTICE. —Included in oar sale *. f French dry goods,
m MONBAT MORtfIKG. Dec I«&. will be found SpSt
tbe following desirable articles, vis?
SILK VELVETS. —ln black and colors, mantilla and
bonnet velvet* -
DRESS SILKS—In blacks, solid colors, and fancy drew
silks. Florences, groa de Naples, sallna. &c.
DRESS GOODS—In merino cloth*, figured and plain
mousielaine, reps, cashmeres, poplins, mohair lustres,
brocade velours, ginghams, alpacas, «c.
BHAWLS—AfuII assortment ofbroch&ionx and suu&iet
woolen, rhenilie and fchibet shawls and ecarfe, ttc.
j¥v^ E ?"; Mea!B an<i womtn’6 kid, silk,buck,'cMhiaew
and thibet gloves and gauntlets. &c
EMBROIDERIES, etc: —Mali and book collars, capes.
Inserting!, bands, caps, veils, laces, ito.
B ON N irr RIBBONS —Afull assortment ofbroche, plain**
and figured bonnet and black silk velvet ribbons, and
fancy velvet ana silk trimming ribbons. Ac
Also, black crapes, tarletana, silk cravats and neck
ties,. hoop skirt*, linen handkerchiefs, white muslins*
sewingsilas, head dresses, girdloa. fancy articles. Bus.
FUKB. FURS, FEJBB.
_ . THIS DAT,
Dec 14th. a valuable assortment of fashionable furs,in
large varieties, for city sales, jußt received.
POSITIVE „SXIE ff r _ logo PA.CKAGH
BOOTS, SHQSST BROOltfS* i£MYOOOD3I&«L
_ _ ON TUESDAY MOBHIKGS
December 15th, at 10 o’clock. Till bo cold, by oitftlocna.
without reserve, on foar months’ credit, about i.imy
package* boots, shoe*, brogans. balmor&l*, army boots
•ad shoes, turn shoes. 4c.» of city end Eastern muxar
ttotpe, embracing* fresh and prime assortment of
a. for men. ■women, and children.
Samples, with catalogue*. early on the aor»-
insof sala
LASGE POSITIVE SALE OP BOOTS. SHOES. BBO
mtoS'^tW,? 00118 ' aim'shoes.
IfOTTCa. in onr large peremptory Fail sale
ar/fwrnrA car held on TUESDAY
t 1 610 »or 15th. at 10 o’clock, on 4 month#
erralt, will be found, la part, the following fresh good*,
to be sold without reserve, yiz: Men’s steel shod and tap
soled cavalry boots; heavy grained boots: heavy double
soled thick wait leather boots: men's nailed Hungarian
thick boots and brogans; men’s prime thick boots; man’s
Sapoleoa thick boots: youth's half welt kip boots; man's
and boys’ city-made calf- boots: kid welt buskin*,
ladies* gaiter boots; kid K/K. ties; colored and blaek
uwstmi buskins: men’s 9ne city-mode boots* boys’thick
boots: men’s and-boys) balm orals; Bcocch ties; quilted
soled boots; women’s lined and bound boots; youth’s
brogans; misses’ grain ties: misses’ grain buskins;
misses spring heel grain lace boots; woman’sginim laoa
boots; misses’ grain lace boots; women’s grain buskins;
women’s grain tie*; boys’ kip brogans; misses’
morocco boots: men's half welt calf do.; youthe r haSf
welt calf do.; children’» half,brogans; men’s calf walk
kip boots; men'* and boys* super calf brogana; men'*
slfppers; misses’ ties, gum shoes, he.
LARGEPOSITIVE BAM OF BRITISH. FRENCH.
GERMAN, AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS, 4c
We will COM a large sale of British, Ffench, Germr
ana Domestic Dry Ooods, by catalogue, on four mp'
credit and part for c&sb,
ON THURSDAY- 'MORNING.
December 17tb»at 10 o’eloCK, embracing aoot
ages and lots of staple and fancy articles, '
linens, cottons, silks, and -worsteds.
JS. B. —Sample* of the same will be arrt
amlnation. with catalogues, early on tb<
the sale, when dealers will find it to their *
tend.
BALE OF CABPETirfGg, &c.
ON FRIDAY MOENINO.
December 18th. at precisely 10Ji o’eloafc,
Without reaarTe. by catalogue, on tow nao
an assortment of enperflne and fine Ingrai
hemp, ana rag carpetings, Ac., which. may*
early on the morning it sale.
XPURNBSS, BRINLEY & 0©
J- No. M9MAEI
SALS 0? IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC D:
ON TUESDAY MORNING.
Dec. Xsth, at 10 o’clock, by catalogue, on
credit.
400 packages and lots of fancy and staple
Samples and cataloßues early on thi
sale.
lyr THOMAS & SONS.
*O9. 139 and 141 South FQUK
EXTEA LARGE SALE VALUABLE
OTHER STOCKS. GROUND BENTS. RE.
ORPHANS' COURT AND EXBCUrOI
MAKAYUSK AND CITY PROPERTY - .—t
TUESDAY rextMth inst,at 12 o'clock, at tfc
will comprise 2S properties m Manaynnk: f
Shields, deceased: a valuable lot of 24 :
Tenth, and Eleventh streets. First Ward;
C. Krider; valuable Market-street store,
order of executor. *Also, estates of B. Ronald*.
ETeown, and others. See pamphlet catalogues.
EXTRA VALUABLE LARGE LOTS. 22d December,
about 12 acres, near Giiard College* Full descriptions
ready iu handbills and plans.
VALUABLE BANK AND OTHEE STOCKS.
ON TUESDAT.
15th insfc.. at 12 o’clock no.>n, at the Exchange—
-24 ihare*. Germantown Bank.
AdmiiJlßtrator’s Peremptory £Tale._
£79 SHAKES FASMEBS' AND MECHANICS' BANK.
Also, •without reserve, in lots to suit purchasers* by
►rd» r of administrator—.
279 shares Farmers 1 and Mechanics 1 Bank, Phila4&-1
For other accounts
75 shares Northern "Liberty Gas Comp my.
1 share Continental Hotel, par 550 J.
CO shares Salem (N. J.) Gas Company.
SALE OP POPULAR MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS. PHO
TOGRAPH ALBUMS. 13 tiABK BOOKS, &c.
THIS AFTbRSfOON,
Dec.l4th, at the Auction Store, an assortment o? popu
lar miscellaneous books, phoioar&i-h albums,
books, Ac., in quantities; all fresh stock.
Also, for account of 'whom it may concern^
4 boxe3 books damaged by water.
SALE OF VALUABLE THEOLOGICAL AND MISCEL
LANEOUS BOOKS.
OS TUESDAY AFTERNOON.
Dec, 15th. at the auction store, valuable theo 3 ogical
and misceUaneohs from a l.brary,
cTTwr. . feale No. 1816 Spruce Street.
SURPLUS FURNITURE, PIANO. MIRROR, FIN’S TA
PESTRY. CARPETS. &c.
• * • ON TUB SPAY MORNING,
Pec. 15th, at 10 o’clock, ’ afc'No 1816 Spruce street, the
surplus furniture, rosewood pianoforte,fine French plate
mar tel mirror, floe tapestry carpet 3. leather beds, Ac.
/, ‘•3“' -May be examined at S o’clock on the morning of
the sale.
si’^fnt Qr A, S ?i c T? 8 i a i, e ,“ f Ge S-Bohlen. decease!
SUPERIOR OLD MADEIRA AND SHERRY WINES.
GIN. AND BRANDY.!
„ A .ON MONDAY.
-Ist rust., at 12 O’clock noon,' at the auction rooms, fry
er of the executor of the late Gen. Bohlen, a quantity
oi old Madeira and_ Sherry wines, in demijohns and
bottles; also. 2 demijohns Bohlen Gin, and a demijohn
of superior old Brandy.
Full particulars ready in catalogues.
Executor’s Sale.
STOCK AND DISTURBS OF A LARD OIL MANUFAO
TORY, HORSE, WAGON, HARNESS Ac i
ON MONDAY MORNING.
December 21sl, at 11 o’clock, at the factory of the late
firm of McCann & Fox. back of No. 1016 Pooler street,
will be sold by order of tne executor of John McCann,
the entire e.ock of lard otl. sperm oil, stearine grease,
oil presses, bags, harness, fire-proof safe, Ac.: also, the
good will.
**- Pull particulars In catalogues.
Admtnistratort P.remntoTT Sale -Eistate of W. Schott.
EEEGAMT WAMUT-STREST RESIDENCE AMD
t /ON TUESDAY MOBNINO.
22d msi,,atlo o’clock, on tha premises, sonth side of
Walnut street- fifth house east of Sixteenth street. No.
1522, the eurerior residence and verr elegant leasehold
furnrture. Sale absolute. Particular, in handbills and
fntnre advertisements.
Jtb- Msy be examined on application to the Auc
nonet r«. -
PHILIP FORD & CO., AtTCTIONEEES,
SS4S MARKET and 533 COMMERCE Streets.
LARGE SALE OP 1,000 CASES BOOTS, SHOES.
BROGANS Ac. •
THIS MOENlaa,
, H&- at 10 o’clock precisely, will be sold by cats
logue, 1000 cases men’s, boy®’, and youths’ calf, kip.
grain, and thick boots, brcgans, baimorals, cavalry
boots, &c.; women’s, misses’, and children’s calf, kip»
goat, aid, and morocco heeled boots aud shoes, &c.,ffom
first-class city and Eastern manufacturers.
Jfce 1 * Open for examination, with catalogues, early o*
the morning of sale.
JiAKGE SALE OF 1,000 CASES BOOTS, SHOES.
- -BROGANS. &■,
OH THJJREDaT MORNING.
ggw
Seeding at 10 o’clock precisely, will bo sold bw
«ataloirae, I,'ju, ' R£e §. toys% and youths’, calf,
hip, grain, and thick hoo£, ‘itWs, brogsna. balmor&lf.
cayairy bootc, &c. j womens, misses’, 122 children's
calf, kid, goat, and morocco heeled boot* and shoBs,frohf
first*claeß cit7-and Eastern manufacturers, embracing*
fresh asaortinent of- goods.
~ Open for examination, with eataloraes, early 01
tae morning of sale, v -
To wMch. tie attention of fenyers ie invited.
TJY HENRY P. WOUBERT.
AUCTIONEER,
No. 90S MARKET Street, South side, above Second St.'
GERMANTOWN KNIT-WO n LEN G OODS, DRYiGOODS
TRIMMING *c.
- THIS MORNING.
December 14, at 10 o’clock, will be sold, wool hoods*
scarfs, comforts, mitts, gloves, cricket jackets, wool and
merino shirts and drawers; wool and cotton hosiery;
dressgoods,black silks, trimmings, embroideries, band.-
cravats* ribbons, patent thread, spool cotton*
silk, &c.
buck gauntlets: fur muffs. Victorinas, and
caps, Xelthats, shoes. &c.
& WARNOCK, AUG-
A ■$ TlfclOTSB, No. 313 MARKET Street.
ATTRACTIVE SPJCIAL . SALE OF RICH FANCY
GOODS, TOYS. &c., by catalogue.
. r. THIS MORNING.
> -December I4th commencing at 10 o’clock precisely
-Includedwillbefnaud— -
_ - boxes and desks, fine French travel
ing Bohemian and china warn
bi quetfnrt&es'andvgroups, wax-and cbiaa dolls; rich
fancy goodsT^Frenrh'^and German toys, photogra
phic albumsi-rfetiqns.-Acv comprising an attractive as
sortment of fresh good?,-for holiday sales.
4Qfc- Samples arranged for examination early on the
morning of sale. ~
LARGE POSITIVE'SALE OF AMERICAN AND tM.
& PORTED DRY GOODS. EM BE 01DBRIES, HOSIERY
GOODS, he.. bv wi&Jogne.
ON WEDNESDAY MORNING.
December 15th. commencing at 10 o’clock precisely
Comprising about 700 lots of desirable goods, to which
the attention of buyers is invited.
& SCOTT, >
« r ™ AUC ™NEERS. Jayne’s Marble Building:
619 CHESTNUT Street, and 616 JAYNE Street
Phiiadelphl*.
POSITIVE PALE OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC-DRY
GOODS, HOSIERY, GLOVES. bHIRTS, he.
• ON TUESDAY MORNING, .
December 15, at 10 o’clock, we will sell, by catalogue*
a large assortment of-foreign and domestic dry goods*
in part, of men’s Kiugwood, fleeced merino*
and cloth gloves; ladies’do. ; misses’merino and fancy
Cashmere sooks; men’s and boys’ gray aid white merina
half hose; misses’ribbed merino hose; boys’ and men’s
shirts. - - •
FELT HATS, BONNETS; -RIBBONS, VELVETS, he.
Also, an invoice of ladies’ and misses’ drab felt ridals.
hats, bonnets, he
Also, ribbons, bonnet velvets, artificials, black and
fancy feathers, JtC;
FURS’ -FURS!! -FURSHI
•• ON-TUESDAY NEXT,
December 35. at 12 o’clock precisely, a lame and at
tractive lot of furs ana sets, consisting of Russian sable
mink sable,-Siberian squirrel, fitch, chinchilla, real
French ermine^lynx; carriage capss, collars, muffs,
cuffs, in sets,-to match.
Also; men’s’beaver fur caps, collars, gauntlets, Sc.
The whole will be arranged for examination, with,
catalogues, early on the morning of sale.
LARGE SALE OF FANCY GOODS, SILVER PLATED
ware;
ON THURSDAY MORNING. _
December 17. at 10 o’clock; a large assortment of fancy
.goods, silver-plated ware, &o .suitable for the holidays.
SPECIAL SALE OF'SUFSRS OIL FATVTIjras.
■ ON WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY MtMMS.
December 16 and 17. at half pest t o'clock, we wIU sell
a large and valuable collection of superb oil paintings,
from the American Ark Gallery, New York, established
for the encouragement of art. .. - . _
Embracing a choice and valuable collection of varied.
fdeasing, and instructive subjects choice American,
andscapes. river, lake, and mountain scenery; figure* i
fruit, aid Scriptural pieces, together with a great variety ;
of cabinet pictures; also, medallions painted in oil and •
attached and convex crystal glass, from the Btudlos of
celebrated American artists, including the names of Ro
«enb6YX. Sojmour, Ross. Northoote, Spencer. James*
Paul Ritter. Lossing. Bartlett, &c., he,, all richly
mounted in fine gold leaf frames.
Now on exhibition, with descriptive catalogues.
SALE OF FANCY GOODS. SILVER-PLATED
. WARE, &c.
OH FRIDAY MORNING, .
Next, Dec. 13th, will be eold finely-carved mantel
vaees of Servia, agate and Castellina stone, card rocalv
ers, bronze figures and gronpes. porcelain vases with
decorations, Bisquet figures, elaborate bocalla ChiaA
clock with hisqnet .groups, Cologne bottles, toilet ana
wine sets, with a choice.collection of fine fancy soois*
juj*t received from Europe. Aleo, two mosaic Inlaid
a 68 ‘ SILVER-PLATED WARE. f
Alse. trlple silver-plated tea sets, trays. tastofß.MN
Pitchers, baskets,forks. spoons, &o.» of the finest qraUty.
:fi&*open fof esamination on Tiuweday. wtU
togues. * i