TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1863.
THE VICTORY.
As the details of the recent glorious 'vic
tory conic to hand, wc find it increasing’
.fi'aiilpr than diminishing in splendor and i ni
vpoi tance, as has too often been the case :
heretofore. According to reliable accounts,
we hare taken in the three days’ battles
nearly thirty thousand prisoners—at least
■ one-third of Lee’s entire army; and it is
-morally certain that the remnant now seek
ing refuge in the mountains, or endeavor
ing to cross the swollen waters of the Poto
mac, is so fearfully shattered and demora
lized, that even though it should succeed in
escaping into Virginia, it can never be its
former self again. In the memorable past it?
has been a formidable antagonist to, the
Army of the Potomac ; but we do not be
lieve, from the present aspect of affairs, that
it will ever again dare to meet that army in
battle array-.' Its campaigns are drawing to
a close, and perhaps it will only he heard
of in the future of the war as a band of
guerillas. Never was an army more tho
roughly or completely routed in a single
. engagement than Lee's army has been. It
is scarcely possible to believe that it can be
restored to its original effectiveness and
spirit. There are. no more men iu the
Southern States to swell its decimated
ranks. It cannot he reinforced from Charles
ton, for the garrison at that point has al-.
ready been sent to protect Richmond, and
at most it cannot' number more than
fifteen thousand men. It cannot be rein
forced from Tennessee, for Bragg even now
is unable to maintain himself before Rose
crans, and is rapidly retreating. Nor can
it be reinforced from -the Southwest, for
Johnston has not sufficient force as it is to/
assume a hostile attitude towards Grant,
and is making hopeless appeals to the rebel
Government for aid. By this single defeat
of Lee the total aspect of the military
situation has undergone change, and the
prospect of a speedy and honorable end of
the war was never so encouraging as it is
at the present time. By a single rash
movement, the folly of which the expe
rience of last September should have taught
him, Lee has brought the “so-called
Southern Confederacy ” to the verge of
dissolution, and its most formidable army
almost to the brink of annihilation.
are content with the end of this invasion;
■we were content with it in the begin
ning, for though we saw in it possible
danger to our National and State capitals,
we saw in it, likewise, the grand oppor
tunity for the Army of the Potomac, and we
knew that no»braver or better disciplined
niniy ever took the. field. The opportunity
came, and it was not neglected. Victory,
magnificent, overwhelming, is ours to-day
to rejoice over; ours to be thankful to God
for,' in our inmost hearts. But we have not
seen the end of this fearful drama yet. We
have sufficiently progressed to understand
the working of the plot, and to see that the
denouement cannot be much longer post
poned; hut another act remains to be. •
played before the curtain falls and the lights
are extinguished. There are other battles*
to be fought; other privations and hard
ships to he endured; other victories as
glorious to he won. In the language
of Major General Meade,'in whose sagacity
and foresight ~we have every confidence.:
“Our task is not yet accomplished, and
the commanding general looks to the army
for greater efforts to drive from our soil
everwvestige of the presence of the.invader.” _
These words are as significant as they are
modest. General Meade does not say
that the rebel army is retreating to Vir
ginia; whatever his hopes may be. He tells
the Army of the Potomac that it must fight
oilier battles to-drive the enemy from “ our
soil" —he does not say,.to capture the ene
my. Doubtless he hopes to accomplish this,.
partially, at least, but he seems to studious
ly avoid, in his despatches, any form of
speech that may excite expectations in the
public mind, which may not immediately be
justified by events. He is aware that there
are difficulties yet to be overcome before he
can cross the Potomac, aud take up the line
of march for Richmond. But- the difficul.
ties will-vanish before his skill, and the de
termined, dauntless spirit of his army, and
the march once taken up there will be no
backward movement.
Pennsylvania and the Victory.
> Next to the intense feeling of joy, every
where prevailing, over the defeat of the
rebel army, and its retirement from Gettys
burg, the most gratifying feature of the
victory, to our minds, is the fact that
it was won on Pennsylvania soil, by
a Pennsylvania general, and, in a great
. degree, by Pennsylvania soldiers. We
“would not disparage in the slightest way the
■ achievements of the soldiers of other States;
we would not insinuate, however remotely,
that the men of New York, or of Massa
chusetts, or of Maine, are not as brave and
as truly devoted to their country, as any
"soldiers in the Idnd. Weclo not claim to be
to them in these respects; but at least
; we claim to be regarded asxtheir equals. It
is. time that the New York journals should
cease to sneer and cavil at everything Penn
, sylvanian. The constant superciliousness
with which they interfere in our aflairs ;
the pertinacity witli which they misrepresent
the actions and sentiments of our people ;
the air of affected superiority with which
they obtrude then' gratuitous advice upon
us, have a well-understood origin. These
do not date from the commencement of thie
war, but have been of much longer standing.
Jealousy of our steady prosperity, the
rivalry of business interests—these are the
causes whence they spring; and the conse
quence is that some little difference of
sentiment has sprung *up between com-
munities which should have the most amica
ble relations, for the sake of their mutual
advantage, if not for the sake of their mu
tual credit.
As Pennsylvanians, we have : nothing
wherewith to reproach ourselves. The noble
part our people have taken in this war for
the Union is the best evidence that a proper
spirit animates them, and it should silence
the unjust imputations, vrtiich have been at*
tempted from time to time to be fastened
upon their character. When Pennsylvania
was invaded a few weeks ago, we were up
braided for permitting the rebel advance.
Unmindful of this, yye ; quietly organized
sand forwarded regiment after regiment to
.Harrisburg, until we had there collected
such a militia force as to insure the safety
-of our capital, and check Lee’s forward
.■movement. • Meanwhile, the Army of the
• Potomac, suddenly placed under the com
mand of General Meade, whom we are
proud to claim as a fellow-citizen, hastened
Northward, and fell upon the rash and au
dacious enemy. We know the,result. *
‘Neither our children, nor our children’s
children, to the remotest generation, shall
•■■ever forget it, or fail to remember'it with a
■-thrill of gratitude and honest pride.. The
rebels ware assailed with unexampled fury,
■iand'fhe gallant Gencral;.REYNOiA>s, a Pennr
vayivahia soldier, . his life. > The
slrhggle raged for several days, tho: losses'
oh both sides were fearful, and still the rc,-
suit seemed dovjjtful. If we should fail,
■Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, per
haps New York, would he doomed. In this
crisis'of the nation’s fate, it was PennsyW
vania that came to the rescue. It was
General Hancock, a Pennsylvanian, who acC
nohly hore the brunt of the battle on Ceme
tery Hill; and' in the contest of Friday none
were more conspicuous for their daring :
"than the heroic Pennsylvania Reserves,
under General Crawfobd, and, scarcely
had we received the- news that General
Smith, with eighteen thousand Pennsylva
nia militia, was moving down from Car
lisle upon the enemy’s flank, when the joy
ful news was .flashed to us that the rebel
army was in full retreat, and the honor of
the Republic was saved. ' '
We, of Pennsylvania, have done our whole:
duty in this struggle.- We have poured out
our treasures with;unstinted hand, because
there was national danger to be averted,!
and national honor to-be redeemed: We
have sent forth our sons and brothers to the
field by tens-of thousands ; and there have
been' no battles fought in which we have not
been among; the mourners. We have not
been content with filling our quota of troops,
but .have exceeded it by many thousands.
We have testified, in a hundred ways,
our self-sacrificing arid patriotic spirit.
We have fed the hungry soldiers of New
England; we have cared for the moral
and intellectual not less than for the physi
cal welfare of our armies; wo have sent
volunteer agents to tho battle-fields to
minister to the needs of the w'oundcd after
every engagement; wc have done /every
thing that could be done for the success
and honor of our cause. Iu doing these
things, we have only done what our fellow
citizens iu other States have done. For all
that has been achieved towards the resto
ration of the Union ive do not arrogate to
ourselves the credit nor ask an apotheosis as
our due. > The lists of-killed and wounded will
show that the blood of eveiy loyal State iu
the Union, commingling in one stream, has
made forever sacred and historic the soil of
our noble Commonwealth. It was in every
sense a Union victory—a victory purchased
by the whole North, and the glory of which
rests alike upon all loyal communities. In
the efforts we have made to secure it, wc
have only done our duty,'and aslc nothing
in return but simple justice. Is it too much
to ask for Pennsylvania ?
The Army of tile Potomac.
Three months ago the Government was
gravely advised to break up the Army of the
Potomac ; theipeople were warned to repose
no confidence in its ability. It was in the
West that the sun was to rise. It was in
the West that the Rebellion was to- be
crushed ; in the East the Union was merely
to be maintained. We were told that the
Army of the Potomac was fit for police duty
alone, and that the protection of Washing-.
ton was the only responsibility which could
be with safety- imposed upon it. Opinions
such as these were advanced by infiuential
journals, with far more energy than wisdom.
We, who had not lightly read the glorious -
record of that noble army, the very flower
of American manhood, repelled them as en
tirely false. - Yet it could be easily under
stood upon what facts they were based, for
the Army of the Potomac had repeatedly
failed in the great purpose to which it was
dedicated. Richmond baffled it. The rebel
Government scoffed at the idea ,of the
capture of its capital. Worse than this, the
rebel army of Northern Virginia remained
unconquered. Defeated, it is true, it had
often been, but our victories, though glori
ous, were like those Oriental plants which
bear brilliant flowers, but are forever barren
of fruit. It was the stone of Sisyphus which
it rolled. It was victorious again and again
on the Peninsula, but there still stood the
legions of Lee, ready to renew the conflict.
It was victorious at Antietam, but LEE-re
crossed the Potomac in safety, and boldly
dared ,it to renew the contest. It marched:
hundreds of miles, , foot-sore and "weary; it
‘sickenedin the swamps of the Chickaho
miny ; it fought with valor and enthusiasm
which no army ever surpassed, and which
few armies have ever equalled; it poured
out its precious blood with a stern; joy on
many a fatal field ; it submitted patiently to
its reverses, and bore calumny without com
plaining. All this the Army of .the Poto
mac did, and more ; in brief, it did every
thing'hut conquer. And Conquest was
what the people demanded of it. The
North had not created this great engine of
destruction out of its own blood and being
merely that it might protect Northern
homes, hut that it might strike fatal blows
to the very heart of the Southern
Thus it was that the North became impa-'
tient, and by too many well-meaning people
the army was distrusted. And truly it
seemed strange that while its efforts were so
great, its results were so little. Richmond
laughed at it. Lee always opposed it; and
while in this way it struggled apparently in
vain, the Western armies marched to terrible
conclusions. Rosecrans gloriously tri
umphed at Murfreesboro ; Grant swept
through Mississippi. State after State was
regained from the tyranny of the rebellion.
Compared with these successes, the doing 3
of the Army of the Potomac seemed failures.
The Government -felt this painful-truth as
deeply as the people. All that ingenuity
could devise, wealth supply, or experiment
attempt, to make this army absolutely tri
lirophant. the Government devised, sup
plied, attempted. It was reinforced, ie-'
equipped, reorganized. Still it was not tri
umphant. Because it was supposed that
the army was not at fault, but that the plans
of campaigns were wrong, bur military stra
tegy Was repeatedly reformed,, and the thea-'
tre of w T ar removed. Still it-.was not tri
umphant. Its generals were changed, and
still it failed. And so people came to look
upon failure as an inherent element of the
army. But .not all.,the people. The great
North never gave up the army ; the Govern
ment never abandoned it, and, best of-all,--
never did it lose faith in itself. - ; '
And now the events has proved that faith
profoundly based upon consciousness of
strength. At last it has, conquered, for the
victory of the 3d of July was not fruitless.
Glory had been won on Yirginian soil, but
something more than glory was achieved in
Pennsylvania. Results invaluable_to the •
national cause were bdrn of that terrible
.battle, for in the mightiest struggle, of• the
war, the Army of the Potomac utterly de
feated its great enemy. Nor is it content
with this conquest, but even a
foe which is strong even in flight,- and may
at any moment turn upon its pursuer. Lee
never inflicted upon any of his adversaries
such a defeat as Meade has inflicted upon
Lee. . Washington is not only sate, but
Richmond trembles to its base. - The rebel
army is not only baffled and beaten, but is
in danger of com destruction. Yet,
while we have deep reasons to exult in
wlat the Army of the Potomac, has just
accomplished, it is well to beware lest
we repeat the fatal injustice of-expecting it
to do more than is possible. We may hope
that the victory near Gettysburg may result
in the destruction of the rebel power in the
East, but we should be wropg to be disap
pointed if Lee should succeed in leading his
■shattered forces back to the mountain passes
of Virginia. We must remember that the
rebel army : is dangerous . even in defeat ;
that it is numerically superior to our own; and
that it is easier to force an enemy to flight
than to intercept him when desperately re
solved to secure a place of safety. After
the seven days 1 battle of the Peninsula, Lee
dared not attack our decimated force at
Harmon’s .Landing. Nor shall we be
dispirited, or greatly disappointed, if, in
Spite of forces in his rear and on- his flank,
the rebel commander should successfully
reel oss the Potomac, and with- greatly di
minished forces attempt to dispute our on
ward march to Richmond. Let it be
enough to know that the Array of the Po
tomac has destroyed the plans of an irr
jyasion of the Norths that it, at least,'
threatens the ruin of the rebel power in the
East; ■ that, its gallant commander has baf
fled the strategy of the best soldier the South
.possesses ; that it has gloriously vindicated
its own honor and that of the, nation, and
given to’the worlA additional' assurance of
that great and universal victory which the
United -States will, as certainly as the.sun
shines in heaven, at last achieve over its
desperate and failing foe;
It is. a. principle of the Prize' Ring, an
institution said to be the embodiment of im
partiality ;*and belligerents,
: that the -y ictor mu si v notstrike a foe when he
has' fallen; Upon this principle, General
Meade"* should be very tender in his treat
ment of JJee, Is it fair that he should re
lentlessly pursue a flying enemy, who de
serves his pity and sympathy ? When we
remember the huiriiliations the rebel army
has met, its suffering for the want of pro
visions and ammunition, its very painful
.situation, we think it may reasonably claim
eleemosynary aid from a general who seems
so well able to yield it. Lee himself will
admit that, to make the next battle fair,
fifteen days should be. allowed him to en
trench his army arid receive reinforcements.
In this way we might emulate the chivalric
courtesy of the ancient warrior, who, when
he had disarmed his foe, politely suspended
the contest, and requested him to pick up
his sword. - -
WASHINGTON.
Specln.l Despntchea to “ The Freil*”
Washington, .Tuly 0, 18G3.
The District Militia.
Tho special emergency for which the militia of
the District or Columbia were called out having
ceaoed, owing to recent victories, the order for mus
tering them into service haß been Buspoodod for tho
present. The militia. have been officially compli
mented for the promptness with which, they respond
ed to tho call,
Naval.
Aoting volunteer Lieutenant Oomaiandlng Wat.
P. Bandall, of the United States bark Pursuit, re
ports to the Navy Department, off Indian fnlot,
.Tune 23d, that he succeeded in capturing the sloop
Kate, from Nassau, with an assorted cargo. Her,
captain acknowledged that he left Nassau on the
20th ult,, for the express purpose of running the
blookade.
Lieutenant Commander Sichhiis, of tho gunboat
Tahoina, reports to the Department tho capture of
the English schooner Harriet, on the Sth ult., while
trying to run the blooltado.
Lieutenant Commander Skmmus also reports to
the Department the destruction of the English
schooner Mary .Tane, on the 18th June—bUo having
been run on the beach, on a small key, near Clear
water harbor, by her captain, to prevent her seizure
by the Tahoma. v
The Defences of the Coast ot Maine*
Vice President Hamlin, and Senators Fsssibn
dkn and Morrill have arrived here for the pur
pose of inducing the Government to.tako measures
for the defence of the coast of Maine." They como by
Executive appointment.
Reply .of the President to the Ohio Com.
mittee*
Washington, D. 0., June 29,18G3.
. Gbktlembn : The resolutions of the Ohio Demo
cratic State Convention, which you present me,
together with your introductory and olosing re
marks, being in position and argument mainly the
same as the resolutions'of the Democratic meeting
at Albany, New York, I refer you to my response
to the latter as meeting most of the points in the
former* This response you-evidently used in pre
paring your remarks, and I no more than
that it be used with accuracy. In a single reading
of your remarks, I only discovered one inaccuracy
in matter which I suppose you took from that pa
per. It'is where you say, “ The undersigned are
unable to agree with you in the opinion you have
expressed that the Constitution is different in time
of insurrection or invasion from.what it is in time
of peace and public security.”
A recurrence to the paper will Bhow you that I
have not expressed the opinion you suppose. I ex
pressed the opinion that the Constitution is different
in iis application in cases of rebellion or invasion, ia
volviDgUie public safety, from what it is in times of
profound peace and public security; and this opinion
I adhere to, simply because by the Constitution it
self, things may be done in the one case which may
not be done in the other. •
I dislike to waßte a word on a merely personal
point, but I must respectfully assure yon that yon
will .find yourselves at fault should you ever seek for
evidence to prove your assumption, that I “ opposed
In discussions before the'people the policy of the
Mexican war.”
You say: “Expunge from the Constitution this
limitation upon the power of Congress to Buspend
the writ of habeas corpus, and yet theother.guaran
tees of personal liberty,would remain unchanged.”
Doubtless, if this clause of the Constitution, impro
perly called, as I think,'a limitation upon the power
of Congress, were expunged, the other guarantees
would remain the same; but the. question is, not
how those guarantees would stand with that clause
om/ of the Constitution, but how they stand with
that clause remaining in it, in oases of rebellion or
invasion, involving the public safety. If the liberty
could be indulged of expunging that clause, letter
and spirit, I really think the constitutional argu
ment would be with you. .
My general view on this question was stated in
the Albany response, and hence I do not state it
now. I only add that, as seems to me, the benefit
of the writ of habeas corpus is the great means
through which the guarantees of personal, liberty
are conserved and made available in the last resort;
and corroborative of this view is the fact that Mr.
Yallandigham, in the very case in question, under
the advice of able lawyers, saw’not where else to
go but to the habeas corpus. But by,the.Consti
tution the benefit of the writ of habeas corpus itself
may be suspended, when in cases of rebellion and
invasion the public safety may require it.; ' -
You ask, in substance; whether I really claim that
I may override all the guarantied rights of indivi
duals, on the plea of conserving the .public safety—>
when I may choose to say the pubUo’safety requires.
This question', divested of the phraseology calcu
lated to represent me as struggling for an arbitrary
personal prerogative, is either simplya question who
shall decide, or-an .affirmation that nobody shall
decide, what the public safety does require in cases
of rebellion or invasion. The Constitution contem
plates the question as likely to occur for .deci
sion, but it does not expressly declare who is: to
decide it. By necessary implication, when rebellion
or invasion comes, the decision is to be- male,
from .time to time; And I think the man whom-, for
the time, the people have, under the Constitution.
__xaa4e the commander<ln-chief of their army and
navy, is the maiTwho holds the power and bears the
- responsibility of making it. If he uses the. power
justly, the same people will probably justify him ;
if be abuses it, he is in their hands, to be dealt with
by all the modes they have reserved, to themselves
in the Constitution. ..
The earnestness with which you insist that
persons can only, In times ot rebellion, be law-.
fully dealt with, in accordance with the rules for
criminal trials and punishments in times of
peace, induces me to add a word to what I said on
that point in the Albany response. You claim
that, men may, if they choose,' embarrass those
whose duty it is to combat a giant rebellion and
then be . dealt with only in, turn as 4f there were
no rebellion. The Constitution itself rejects this view.
The military arrests and detentions which have been
made, including those of Mr. Yallandigham, which
are not different in principle from the other, have
been for prevention, and not for punishment
—as injunctions to stay injury—as proceedings to
k eep the hence, like proceedings in such
caseß and for like reasons, they have not been ac
companied with indictments, or trials by juries, nor,
in a single case, by any punishment whatever beyond
what is purely incidental to the prevention. The
original sentence of imprisonment in Mr; Valiandig
ham J s case was to prevent injury to the military ser
vice on&, and the modification of it was made as a
less disagreeable mode to him of securing the same
prevention.
I am unable to perceive an insult to Ohio in the
case of Mr. Yallandigham. Q,uite surely nothing
of this sort was or is intended.- I was wholly un
aware that Mr. Yallandigham was, at the time of
his candiditfi forthe Democratic nomina
tion for Governor, until ao inforaieu oy yodi" re£-"
'ing to me the resolutions of the Convention. ~I am
grateful to the State of Ohio for many things, espe
cially for: the brave soldiers and officers she has
given in the present national trial to the armies of
the Union. ••
You claim, as lunderstand, that accordingto my
own position in the Albany response, Mr.YalUndig
bam should :be released; and this because, as you
claim, he has not damaged the military service, by
discouraging enlistments, encouraging desertions,
or otherwise; and that if he had, he should have
been turned over to the civil authorities under the
recent acts of Congress. I certainly do not know
that ;Mr. Yallandigham has specifically, and by
direct language, advised against enlistments, and in
favor of desertion and resistance to drafting. We
all know that combinations, armed in some in
stances, to resist the arrest of deserters, begin
several months ago; that more recently the like
has appeared in resistance to the enrolment pre-
a draft; and that quite a number of as
sassinations, have occurred from the same animus.
These had to be met by military force, and this again
has led to bloodshed and death. And now, under a
sense of responsibility more weighty and enduring
than any which is merely official, I solemnly declare
my belief that this hindrance ofthe military, includ
ing maiming and murder, is due to the course in
which Mr. Yallandigham has been engaged, in a
greater'degree than to any other cause; aad
is due to him personally in a greater degree
than to any other one irian. These things
have been ■ notorious, known to r ail, and
of course known to Mr. Yallandigham. Perhaps I
would not be wrong to say they originated with his
especial friends and adherents. With perfectknow
ledge of them he has frequently, if not constantly,
made speeches in Congress and before popular assem
blies ; and if it can be shown that, with these things
staring him in the face, he has ever uttered a,word
of rebuke or counsel against them, it will be,-a fact
greatly in his favor with me, and one of which, as
jet, lam totally ignorant. When it iB known that
the. whole burden of his speeches has been to
stir up. .men. against, the ; prosecution of.. the ;
war, and that in the midst of resistance to >it he
has not .been known in any instance to counsel
against such resistance, it is next ;to impossible
to repel the inference that he has counseled directly
in favor of it. With all this before their eyes, the
Convention you represent have nominated Mr. Yal
landigham for Governor of* Ohio, and both they and
you .have declared: the purpose to sustain the Na
tional Union by all constitutional means. < But, of
course, they, and you, in common, reserve toyouiy
selves to decide what are constitutional means, and,
unlike the Albany.meeting, you omit to state or
intimate that, in your.opinion, an army is a cousti-'
tutional means of saving the. Union against a re
bellion, or even to intimate that you are conscious
of an existing rebellion being in progress with the
avowed . object of destroy ing-that very Union,
At the same time, your nominee for Governor, iff
whose behalf you appeal, is known to you and'
to the world to "declare against the use of an
army to suppress the rebellion.. Your own atti
tude,, therefore. encourages- desertion, resistance
to the draft, and the like, because; it teaches those
who incline'to desert and to escape the draft, to be
lieve it is your purpose to protect them, and to
hope that you wifi’ become strong;enough to do so.
After a peisonal intercourse with you, gentlemen
of the eommittee, 7 cannot any I think you desire.
this effect to'-follow your attitude ;:but I assure
you that both friendß and enemies of the Union look
upon it In this light. Xtria tt substantial, hope, and
by consequence, a real* strength.to the enemy. :It is
a false hope, and one which you would willingly,
dispel. I willraake ,the way exceedingly easy. X*
send you duplicates of this letter, in orderthat you,
ora majority of you, mayHf you choose, endorse
your.nasnes upon one* of them,, and return it thus
endorsed to me, with the understanding that those
signing are thereby committed-to the following pro
positions, and to nothing else r
1. That there is now a reljelHon in the United
States, the object am? tendency of which is to de
stroy the national Union; and that, in your opi
nion, an army and navy are constitutional means
for suppressing that rebellion. ,
2. That no one of you will do anything Which.in
his own judgment.will tend tojhinder sthe increase
or favor the decrease,'or lessen the efficiency of the
army and navy, while engaged in the effort to sup
press the rebellion; and *
-3. That each of you will, in his Bphere, do all he
can to have the officers, soldiers, and seamen of the
army and navy, while engaged in the effort to sup
press the rebellion, paid, fed, clad, and otherwise
weii provided for-and supported.
And with the further understanding that upon re
ceiving the letter .and names thus endorsed, I will
cause them to be published, which publication sha3i
be, within itself, a revocation of the order in rela
tion to Mr. Yallandigham. ’
It will not escape observation that I consent to
tbe release of Mr. Yallandigham upon terms not
embracing any pledge from* him or from.others, as
to what he will or will not do. Ido this because he
present to speAk for himself, or to.'authorize
others to speakfor him; and hence, I shall expect,
that on returning, he would not put himself practi
cally in antagODism with the position of his friends.
But I do it chiefly because I thereby prevail on other
influential gentjemen_of jOhiq \to define their
position. > as tp''be of imtnense value to the army—
thus more than compensating for the consequences
of any mistake in allowing My. Yallandigham to re
turn; »o.ihakon the whole,the public safety will not
lfeve sufitered by it. Stilly in regard to:Mr. Vallan
digham' ahd r all..others,-I must hereafter, as hereto
fore, r do so mucharthe public service may .seem to.
require. I have the honor to be. respectfully yours,
etc, A. LINCOLN.
WE PRESS-PHILAPELPHIA; TUESDAY, JULY 7, 1883.
THE TOR 15 PIffISYLVAIIIA,
A GRAND VICTORY.
Disastrous Betrcat of the Behels.
I
General Meade’s Order of Congratulation,
WE WHOLE ARMY IN PURSUIT-OF LEE.
Capture of Rebel 'Trains liy Kilpatrick.
COUCH’S TROOPS IN CONFLICT
500 Prisoners and 9 Guns Taken lty Gen.
.EE HOLDING THE PASSES OF SOUTH MOUNTAIN.
4,000 UcOols {Captured by General Gregg.
LOEGSTIIEET’S DEATH STILL AFFIRMED.
CEE OPPOSED TO TOE INVASION.
ISpaclrl Dosputoh to Thn ProKR. ]
OitTTYflmmOj .Tuly fi— 2 P. M.—A despatch has
jußt come in from Gen. Haupt, who is in thondvanoo,
announcing that tho enemy la rapidly rotrcatlng.
Wc arc now moving all-our sick and wounded In
this vicinity into this town.
Point P. M.—The I2th Army Corps Is on tho
maroh, and la now moving in hAste through Uittlo
town towarda Williamsport, to out off the retreat ol
the flying enemy.
The left winghaajußt received marching orders.
A part, of the artillery and oavalry belonging to
Oon. Pleasanton’s command ia In motion towarda
Frederick. *.
The following la a partial list of killed in tho noth
Pennsylvania Regimont; OoL D. O’JCane, Tillut.
Col. Shudy, Oapt. Geo. Thompson, Oapt. MlohAel
Duffy, and Lieut. Kelly, Out of twenty-six officers
in this regiment, only four escaped. Two of them
were taken prisoners. D.
CSpecial Despatch to Tho Press. 3
Bloodt Run, July G.—Jenkins haa made off with
his rebel cftvalrv. A portion of the rebol«£Avalry
under Lee is reconnoitring the Potomao for a
ford,. L. W. W.
O©ef«iiATULfITORY ; ORDER OF GENERAL
The Commanding General, in behalf of the coun
try, thanks the Army of thePotomacforthe glorious
result of the recent operations.
An enemy superior in numbers, and fluahed with
the. pride of .a successful invasion, attempted to
or destroy this Army. *
Utterly baffled and defeated, he haß/now with
drawn from the contest.
The privations and fatigues which the army has
endured, and the heroic courage and gallantry it
has displayed, will be matters of history to be ever
remembered.
Our task is not yet accomplished, ami the Com
manding General looks to the army for greater efforts
-to drive from our soil every yestago of the presence
of theinvader. -
It is right and proper that we should, on a suitable
occasion, return our grateful thanks to the Almighty
Disposer of events* that in'the goodness of his Pro
vidence He has thought fit to give victory to the
cause of the just. By command of
S. WTLLTAMB. '
THE RETREAT OF THE REBELS.
Near Gettysburg, July 6, via "Washington,*
July 6.—The enemy have retreated towards the Po
tomac. V
Their skirmishers were driven : in last night, and
a small cavalry force (probably the rear guard)
passed through Emmittsburg this morning about;
daylight. . ‘
Our troops have been'engaged all day in burying ~
the dead,'relieving the wounded, and collecting *
arms, many thousands of which'belonged to the
rebels. The rebel pontoon bridge, at Dam No. 4,
baa been destroyed by our cavalry, who were almost
entirely unopposed, and the cavalry, at the last ad- :
vices, had gone up to Williamsport to destroy the
two bridges there. ‘
Other preparations are in progress to intercept-
Lee’s passage of the Potomac, and our army is
already in motion. ;
So muoh time,-however, has elapsed since. Lee" ■
commenced to withdraw from our front, that his
advance may have reached Williamsport in time to
cross before we can prevent it.
Gen. Lee yesterday paroled ..about 2;000 Union
prisoners. They*were received by Gen. Couch. ;
It is not true, as stated, that Longstreet was cap: : ;
tured or killed, ; Gen, Hunt, chief of artillery, was.
's.not wounded. Bothof these, reports were at first*
apparently well authenticated'and fully believed.
Creigerstown, July 6.—lt is reported here, by
officers, that on Saturday afternoon our cavalry,
under Kilpatrick, intercepted a retreating train of
rebel wagons, which were guarded by Jones’ bri
gade of cavalry,'infantry, and artillery, near Monte
rey, on the Hammerstown and Gettysburg road.
He captured 900 prisoners, including 200 wounded
officers, 160 wagons, and two guns. The enemy
were completely surprised, and unable to make any
serious resistance. , .
Firing was heard in the direction of the enemy’s
retreating column yesterday afternoon, and it was
probably caused by our cavalry and flying batteries
pressing on the enemy’s rear.
FROM CUMBERLAND VALLEY.
Harrisburg, July 6 —ln answer to many inqui
ries concerning General Couch’s movements, it may
be stated that be has pushed forward all his effective'
force to co-operate and join with the Army of the
Potomac, and is, by order of General Meade, push
ing the regiments forward as rapidly as they are or
ganized. The country may rest assured.that he is
doing all in his .power. His advance 1b already In
wcontact with the enemy, and aiding in the glorious
results.
General Lee, so far as known, holds all the passes
in the South Mountain leading into Cumberland
•Volley from aettysburir. This (a done for the pur
pose of rctooving his trains, which arc now" pushing
for Virginia, - • . -
The mountains are full of disorganized troops b£-
longing to Lefr’s'army, who are arriving within our
lines every hour. No accurate estimate of the. num
ber cah be made, but it is very large. ;
The troops under General Pierce, formerly Mil
roy’s, arrived yesterday at Charabersburg, and
pushed on to Greencaßtle, where they captured five
hundred prisoners, ten wagons loaded plunder,
and three pieces of artillery. -
The prisoners were stragglers who were making
their way to the Potomac in company with the
NWagon train.
A despatch from near Chambersburg this morning
states that heavy firing is heard in the direction of
Hagerstown.
It is believed that General French has made an
* attack in that vicinity on thetrains moving towards
Virginia. ~.
The order requiring passes to cross the Susque-'.
hanna was this morning temporarily revoked.
Gen. Cameron left this morning for Gettysburg, in
company with a number of surgeons.
There is no further news from the Army of the
Potomac.
FROM FREDERICK, MARYLAND.
Frederick, Md., July 6.—Our whole army is in
motion, and the highest hopes are entertained that
hut a small portion of Lee’s army will-be able to
reach Virginia;
A spy, named Wllllfti Richardson, about fifty,
years of age, was hung this morning. He was cap
tured yesterday at Oxford, Maryland, but it appears
that he had been previously captured, but made hiß
escape. .„■ .
- It is reported that he admitted the charge, and sai£
he had been in theTnisiness for a longtime. Also,
that important communications between Generals
Lee and Ewell were found jm his person.
-FROM HARRISBURG.
• «%
Harrisburg, July 6.-r-The embargo is raised.
The river may now be crossed. Meade’s name is
on every Up. Harrisburg 1b clothed in smiles and
tears—tears for the brave'dead, smiles for the living
victors. ~ •
The troops under General Pierce, stationed at
Bloody Run, advanced yesterday through the moun
tain passes about McCbimclTsburg, and fell upon
"Lee’s rear, taking three- pieces of artillery, five
hundred prisoners, and about one hundred wagons.
Lee’s scattered troops are retreating rapidly
through the Valley, but the impression prevails in
' official circles that the fords on the Potomacare all
in the possession of our troops. *
Gen. Smith’s mtUtta-force ic pushing on rapidly,
and has now reinforced the wearied troops of Gen.
Meade. The militia’are pouring in rapidly, and
UeiDg organized and 1 sent forward. Philadelphia is
behindhand. ■ * . ■ •
General Cameron leaves to-day for the battle
ffejd, with a corps of Burgeons and supplies for the"
wounded. „ '
The following order has just been posted in the
Capitol, and is confirmatory of the good news :
Headquarters TJkb’t or tiie Susquehanna,
/ HARRTBfftURO, July 6, 1863.
'So the Officers commanding' at the Bridge across the
Susquehanna: • - . ;•
Sir : Until-further orders you will permit all per
sons, except such as- are suspicious, across the
bridge to go to Carlisle* and by the way of York to
Gettysburg. Teams for conveyance of personajnay
also hepaßsed, but not droves of horses or stock
without Bpecial permission from these headquarters.
y By order of Major General COUCH.
TELEGRAM FROM.THE GOVERNOR/
Harrisburg, July 5, 1863.
Golonel R. Biddle Roberts, Philadelphia :
The army commanded by • Gen. Couch is advanc
ing in force, and ieliliely to render'important ser
vice. We should push troops, forward, and there
should be no delay. General Couch has telegraphed
General Dana to that effect. The State is respond
ing with so much . generosity that we cannot afford
further delay in the city.. lam satisfied that the
rebel army is in our power, if we aot promptly and
vigorously. Much may depend on the strength of
Couch’s army. ’ ~;
- The orossing of the Potomac prepared by the ene
my is destroyed, and he is short of ammunition.
Send forward companieß'aß mustered into service.
To-day anil;to-morrow we must make up to 40,000
men. Be prompt, and make everything yield to the
presenoe of troops here. A. G. CURTIN/ "
GENERAL ■
By a despatch from General Blrney to a friend in
this city we learn that he w “ weU and unharmed,”
WITH THE ENEMY.
Fierce*
MEADE.
(IHNKUAL ORDER NO. 68.
HEADQUARTERS AuMV-OIT TUB POTOMAC,
Niijsja Gettysburg, July 4.
MAJOR GENERAL MEADE.
He also says: “ All Is going well. The corps had its
usual heavy fighting.” The despatch is dated July
5, 10 A. M., and ia from the the battle-field. '
i Baltjmobr, July 6.—Brig. Gea. H. Haupt ar
rived here at midnight last night, and had an inter
view with Gen. Schenck up to one c/fclook on Sun- •
day* "When Gen. Haupt left the headquarters' of
(ien. Meade, the enemy were fleeing,
Gen. Meade’s headquarter* were at Cresgeratown, I
Md., some fifteen miles north of Frederic*, and to
day lie U no doubt at Frederick.
Gen.' Halleek is in possession of several recent
despatches from Gen. Meade, and, from their tone,
Meade declares that Lee has suffered a disastrous
defeat.
The following has been posted at headquarters:
'Advices from the'array up-to-2,o’clock on Sunday
afternoon state that Gen. Meade’s headquarters
were at Greagerstown last night, and were to be- in
Frederick to day.
Gen.,. Meado has telegraphed'that Lee’s army fa
retreating.
FREDERICK, MD.V
FnwDiißTOrc, July 6, P.-M.-rlt is believed here
that the reported destruction of the rebel bridges at
WilJlamspoit is'a mistake; originating in the fact
that the bridgo at Falling 'Waters, flVe miles below,
was destroyed. *
An officer, who was with the party Chat destroyed
the latter bridge, reports thatthe party subsequently
Blurted to destroy those at Williamsport, but, find
ing Gen. Imbodcn there with a largefbree, abandon
ed the enterprise.
About fifteen hundred rebel- prisoners, including
thirty* seven waKon loads of wounded, arrived here
to-day by the Hagerstown pike. They included
those captured on Sunday by Colonel'Kilpatrick.
, Heavy firing was heard yesterday, at noon, In the
direction of Monterey and Grcencastie. ' It Is re
ported to have been caused by our pursuing forces
pressing upon the enemy’s roar guard, who, being
strongly posted, oheeked the pursuit. .
(HARRISBURG, , ' .
HAiiTuanuno, July o—Midnight-iTlie authori
ties here are In costaslcs over tho news reocivcd to
day.
The Potomac Ims risen six feet within tho past
forty-eight hours, which must neoessarify destroy
nil the fords, and there being no bridges within
striking dlstanco of Lee’s army, all means of re
treat is out oir/!
A despatoh, whioh" was received 1 to-night by Gen.
Oouch, states that Gen. Gregg, with a force of Gen,
PJeasflnton’B oavalry, had an engagement to-day at
Fayetteville, in whloh he took 4,000- prisoners.
Fayetteville is between Oashtown end Chambers
burg, on the east of SouthMount&in.
After disposing of his prisoners, General Gregg
took an interior road, and advanced in the direction,
of Greencastle. The militia, under General Smith,
are in supporting distance of Genera! Gregg, and
rapidly advancing up the valley. x
The veteran troops of the Army of the Potomac
moved yesterday after the retreating Army of Vir
ginia, Their position at the present time is not
known here.
Deserters from the rebel army, who had fled to the
mountains, continue to deliver themselves up in
large numbers.
The report that Col. Coulter, or the llth Penn
sylvania, was murdered in the Btreets of Gettys
burg, by a rebel-officer, ia not true.
A person representing himself aB Gen. Long
street’s adjutant' general, who was captured near
Hagerstown on Friday, arrived here to-day. He
states that Longstreet and Lee both opposed the
invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania, believing
-that it would be disastrous ; but President Davis
would not listen to their objections, and gave the
order ffor the advance, promising to send them
30,000 reinforcements;under Beauregard. When the
adjutant was captured he wbb on his way to Cul
peper, to ascertain what had become of Beaure
gard’s' troops, and was . very anxious to know
whether any one here had any knowledge of them.
Gen. Sigel, who arrived here to-day, was'serena
ded this evening at the Jones House, and made a
short speech.
army wagons arrived at Carlisle to-day.
They were captured from the enemy, near Ship
pensburg.
A gentleman who left Gettysburg last evening,
states that Gen. Longßtreet is dead, and within our
lines. J
There was every indication that Lee’s army would
be forced to turn and give us battle, or surrender.
Total Rout ot* Tee.
AN IMMKNBE NUMBER OF PRISONERS—GEN. COUCH
FORMS A JUNCTION WITH GEN. MBADE.
New York, July 6 A speoial despatch from Bal
timore to the Herald says: ; • * .
“Eight thousand prisoners have arrived here, and
Gen. Soberck has orders to preparefortwenty thou
sand more.
“Gen. Couch has formed a junction with Gen.
—Meade, and. the rebels are being slaughtered and
captured by regiments and brigades.
“Not a tenth part of Gen. Lee’s army will be
able to reach “Dixie” by the way they came. It iB
not only a defeat for Lee, but a total rout.”
FORTRESS MONROE.
Advance of General Dix on. Richmond—
Skirmishing' near the City.
Fortress Monroe, July 4.—' The steamer John A;-
'Warner arrived at 7 o’clock thiß A. M., from An
napolis, with 213 women and aa many children, on
-their way to Richmond. They left for City Point at
9 o’clock this morning. •
.A letter just received, dated Baltimore Cross
. Roads, July 3d/says,'yesterday there was a slcir
, mish four roilesrihis Bide of Bottom’s Bridge. Ser
•geant-Burnet, C, sth Pennsylvania
Cavalry, was killed. No other casualties on our
side,v .. : -
This afternoon the rebels opened upon our advance
brigade, Colonel West’s, with five pieces of artillery.
A fight ensued..
Our advance fell back until the reserve came up.
There may be a fight at any hour. ' ■ ,
The force of the enemy is variously estimated
from -five to twenty thousand. Our army is in ex
cellent health and spirits, and are amply able to
cope with the enemy that are now in our front.
The enemy are rushing forward reinforcements by
railroad.
A slight engagement took place last evening. No
decisive result. The 6th Pennsylvania Cavafy
captured twenty-five prisoners.
A national salute was fired to-day from Fortress
XiTonroe, which was responded to by the English
frigate Rinaldo. The United States flag has been
displayed from her foremast'during the day. The
legan Battery, 7th“*New_*sCork, came into Norfolk r
about 5 o’clock this morn tug, and opened the Fourth,
as well as the eyes of the inhabitants, by the familiar
sound of their battery. v
REPORTS FROM THE SOUTH.
\ Fortress Monroe, via Washington, July 6.
Thesteamer Cahawba, Captain Baker, arrived this
morning, from New Orleans on July Ist, freighted
cotton hnd sugar, bound to New York. She
also brought 480 rebel prisoners, which she landed
licre, She reports the bombardment of Port Hudson
going on when Bhe left. Our steamers are running
up the river regularly, with Gen. Banks’ supplies.
Thpro is no truth in the'report of his supplies being,
cut Off. *' =•>. *
i Great confldeflct i«-expressed that Port Hudson
will soon fall.
- Tteseitcrs are daily coming into General Banks’
lines from the rebel army.
The Richmond Enquirer, of July 4th, which has
been received, says; “The Yankees are making a
raid into Eastern Tennessee. A strong force was at
Seequ&tchie Valley on the 2d inat. There has been
no communication with Knoxville or London Bridge
since.! It is.believed that important movements of
Bragg’s and Rosecrans’ armies are in progress, but
no particulars have been obtained.”
North Carolina.
Washington, July 6.— A copy of the Raleigh
Progress of the 2d inst., which has been received"
here, says that the Legislature of North Carblina is
in secret ppssion. ' /
This, taken in connection with late information
as to the growing disaffection in that State toward
the rebel cause, is regarded as significant.—Evening
Post.
Preparations lor the Wounded.
New York, July G.— Delegations 'from New
Hampshire and Vermont passed through this city
to day, en route for the.battle-field, to take care of
tbe.wounded of those States. ■
Boston, July 7. —Several thousand dollars, of
which the Board of Brokers contributed $5OO, were
raised to-day, inlaid of the wounded in the late
battles. ' A large amount of necessaries and luxu
ries were also contributed and sent forward in care
of .the Adams Express, this afternoon.
The news of yesterday, and to day has created a
most glorious excitement throughout. the com
munity, and praise of General Meade aud the Army
of the Potomac is on the lips of every one*
Riot at Buffalo.
Buffaio, July A difficulty occurred between
the Irish 'Stevedores and negroes this afternoon, in
consequence of the former trying to prevent the lat
ter jfrom unloading the propellers.
.One of the negroes shot an Irishman, it is said, in
self-defence.' Tbiewas- the signal for a general on
slaught on the'negroes, several of whom are reported
killed and a number severely wounded!,
All is quiet to-night, but it is understood that the
longshoremen and stevedores are to
prevent ihe negroes from working a or the docks.
Departure ol‘ the Iron-clad Roanoke*
New York, July 6.— The iron-clad battery Roan
oke sailel from this port to-day. '
The United States Steamer Rockingham.
New York,'.Tilly 6;—The United Slates steamer
Rockinghan Arrived here to-day from a cruise.
Army of the Cumberland.
Tullahoma, Monday, July 6—3 A. M.—Major
General Thomas has succeeded in crossing the Elk
river, with ;a corps and a division oi cavalry, uader
General Stanley, and is in close pursuit of Bragg’s
army, with pvery prospect of capturing their wagon
train and rear guard.
, Major Geieral Sherman occupied Winchester this
morning, hii advance driving out tho rear guard of
the rebels, fgid at last accounts he was pushing them
hard. - } - ' >
' It is thought that Bragg can hardly cross the
mountains Without suffering a severe loss, and per
haps being forced a into battle. Our loss during the
campaign inkilled is between 400 and 500 ; wounded,
about 300. The enemy’s lossi is more than double,
bf Bides about t,OOO p^sonera; and, without a battle,
aml.the necessary loss oflife, the enemy have been
driven out o jTennessee.— Correspondence Times,
VaUaudigliam at Halifax.
Halifax, iff. S.» July 6.—The steamer Harriet
Pinckney, fourand a half days from Bermuda, arrived
here on Sunday, with Vallandigham and several
others from Charleston and; Wilmington, N. O.
'rflie Pirate'. Tacony.
n) S., July 6.—The remains of the
pirate Tacony j|ave been towed into Oape Coqe.
’att lu Rhode Island.
R. I.» July 6.—The draft will take
this State. There arc to be drawn
per cent, more as an allowance for
Provider o k,
place at once in
2,850 men, and 5
exempts.
of a Bank President,
uly 6;—Charles R. Richards, the
Bank of Troy, N. Y.,
ply yesterday,
... . Death,i
PITTSRURQ) JJ
president of Ahei
''aiedhera sudden
EUROPE.
Intervention in American Affair* The
Polish Question.
Nbw Youk, July 6.—The steamt'hip City .of
Washington arrived at noon today, from Liverpool
on the 24th, and Queenstown on the 25th.
The steamer Sldon arrived out on the 22f1, the
Jura on the 33$ and the Edinburgh on the 25th.
In the London money market on the 23d, funds
closed dull, owing to the apprehended difficulties
from the Polish question. Consols are quoted at
91%®92. r
The case of the’ seizure ©£ the suspected gunboat
Alexandria was commenced, at London on the 22d,
and was still progressing when'the atenom lett’Li
verpoob There wars' large array of legal talent on
both sides. The information contain*' nioety-eight
counts. The defendants pleaded not gui39y to all
tue charges, and denied'th'at the- Alexandria was in
tenaed for the purposes charged:.and wa* therefore
not liable to seizure. 1 .
**°Hock tt&rwas thefirst cusethsft had
a^XTy-flvi°y r^“Sii liatmeQt aCt ’ aWlout!a the
h ?i ! on S lnt<svlcw« wMiNapoJfeon.
r.imlßay, .BngHah rcemberß of Pkv
hB.‘) 'S'™™ with the Emperor;whc.
iniormed them, in.the most formal manner, that’ his
YiV'w the American war were unchanged.,
and ne desired again to interpose-hia good’oifleess- in)
conjunction with England. He was moved by no-un
friendly feelings towards the North. His- only
results WM t(> Bt ° P a Carnage whicil produced' no?
At » Cabinet Council, at which Napoleon pre
sided, it wasreeolved to instruct Baron Groß to re^
new the FrencA proposals to the Ehgliah Govern
ment for a joint diplomatic action, in America. The*
result has not transpired.
In the House ofl Commons Sic G-: Grew said the*
papers relative to the alleged recruiting.'for the-
I; ederal army in Leeds were under consideration-bp
the law ofqcerß of the Crown.
Mr. Layard. in response to-an inquiry,. said the
Government had no official information that the
prize courts had decided in favor of the condemna
tion of a vessel' bound to a- neutral l port, if there
wftH ground to suppose that she wasdntended subse
quently to run the blockade.
The Polish question is unchanged:
Lord Palmerston, in Parliament,, explained- the
substance of- the propositions of England, France,
and Austria. . They include a general* and coiaplete
amnesty, a national representative for. Poland;, that
the Poles alone shall fill official positions in Poland;-,
that perfect liberty of conscience be,grantedthat
the Polish language be used in all Polish transac
tions, and that a regular sysfcem.of recruiting be es
tablished*
The reply of Russia Is anxiously awaited;
Very warlike rumors had prevailed in Paris in
relation to Poland, and the aesertlons. have even
been made that the troops were befogs placed on a
war footing. These rumors lack confirmation.
The London Moving Pont continues- to- employ a
threatening tone towards Russia in its editorials.
It is reported that the King of *he Belgians haa
given a decision in the Brazil question more favora
ble to Brazil than England.
Sundry ministerial changes have taken place in
France. Billantt is Minister of State, Borocke of
Justice, Boudet* of the Interior, Ihiringr of Educa
tion, and Betric of Agriculture..
-London, June-25;—The Times looks on the pre-
position of England in European affairs with
uneasiness. .We are'neither pledged to tntervention,
nor bound-to an ofl’ensive or defensive alliance
with France ;.yet we seem, to have swerved some
what from the wise and professed policy of keeping
ourselves disentangled from the counsels of other
States, and guiding ourselves by the doctrine of
non-intervention. We have entered upon a career
in which it is quite impossible to stop short; from
which it may even be impossible to reeede—a care'er
which, so long aB it lasts, is not unattended with
danger, aDd from which we may find it difficult to
extricate ourselves without some degree of discredit.
The Times adds: We confess .to some of the un
easy and unsettled feelings which took possession
of tlie minds of all reflecting men during the lower
ing and unsettled year which preceded the.Crimeaa
war. Our anchor is lifted, and we are drifting in a
current which seems leading us to one of two dis
agreeable alternatives—war if we advance; losb of
character if we retreat. The Times aleo Bays: The
Russians ia Paris seem to be persuaded that war is
all but certain.
Letters from St. Petersburg Btate there is but lit
tle probability that the Russian Government will
make any satisfactory concessions on the Polish
question. Thiß opinion iB confirmed by theforraida-,
ble warlike preparations being made throughout the
Russian Empire. . / . ' ■
Calcutta, May 3.—Cotton goods are improving.
Exchange 28.1*6.
Canton, May 13(—Sterlings dull. Tea quiet. Ex
change on London 45.10%. ; .
London, June 26.—'The trial of the Alexandria
case has been decided by averdict forthedefendanta.
The Attorney General presented a bill of exceptions
to the judge’s ruling, which was decidedly in favor
of the defendants. The caseis not, therefore, finally
settled.
There is nothing additional as to Napoleon’s
new mediation propositions for the settlement of
the American difficulties. It is stated that, if
England refuses to'join him, he will invite Spain to
do SO.
Commercial Intelligence.
Liverpool, June 24.— The cotton market i 3 irre
gular, but prices unaltered. Sales of two days 10,000
bales, including 4,500 to speculators and . tor export.
The Manchester market is^better.
Breadstuffs.— Flour is dull, but easier. Wheat
quiet, and prices easier. Corn 6d lower.
Provisions.— Beef and Pork quiet ; Bacon easier.
Cheese scarce. Butter active. Lara and Tallow
quiet. v
Produce. Ashes quiet. Sug&r. firm. CofSge
steady. Rice inactive. Linseed Oil steady. v
LONDON MARKETS. Wheat is Is higher.
Sugar declined 6d. Coffee firmer. Tea quiet.- Tal
low 60s; ; ’
Liverpool, June 25.—Cotton closed "quiet but
unchanged ; sales for the past two days 10,000 bales,
including 4,000 bales to speculators and for export.
flat. Provisions dull. Produce quiet
but Bteady.
London, June 25— P. M,—Consols for money
closed at ,
American securities are dull. Illinois Central
shares 29%@28,f* cent, discount Erie Railroad
60@61, .
STILL LATER.
Tlie Hibernian at Farther Point.
Farther Point, July 6 —Thesteamer Hibernian
arrived here at 3 o’clock this afternoon, with ad
vices from Liverpool to the 26th.
London, June 26 —There -is nothing new to day
in regard to the. project of a mediation with Ame
rica.
The. . Globe t contends that England cannot indefi
nitely continue immovable on the American ques
tion, and fully endorses Napoleon’s views thereon.
The war prospects regarding Poland are actively
canvassed, and have depressed funds.
The verdict in the Alexandra case, in favor of the
defendants, waß received amidst considerable ap
plause.
Sir Hugh Cairnes, in addressing the jury for the"
defendants, showed that they should not stretch or
warp the English laws to suit the temper of a
foreign minister or the exigencies of a foreign State.
The Attorney General denied that the Govern
ment had been in the slightest degree influenced or
coerced by any representations on the part'bf the
United States Government.
The judge sumroed np strongly in favor of the de
fendants, claiming for them the benefit of the
slightest doubt. ;He argued that if the Birmingham
manufacturers were at liberty to export arms for
the belligerents} similar privileges should be con
ceded to shipbuilders. He quoted Chahellor Kent
in support of this argument.
The Attorney General rendered a bill of excep
tions against the ruling of the judges, so the case
goeß before another tribunal. ~ ;
A great Secession meeting was held at Preßton, in'
England, at which resolutions were offered, declar
ing that the Confederates, by their efforts to.accom
plish their independence, have entitled themselves
to the sympathy of England. A counter resolution
was proposed, declaring that it is desirable to main
tain a strict neutrality in the present relations of
America. - After a debate and considerable disorder,
the original resolution was carried by a large majo
rity. -
The aspect of the Police question is unchanged.
The Polish Minister of Public Worship has resigned
his office. The National Government has published
a warning to the citizens of Warsaw, stating that
the Russian Government desifei'that there should
be an uprising in that capital;
Additional cases of attrocity have been published.
It is stated that the Cossacks became tired of slaugh
tering the wounded insurgents in one of the battles
and acTuwll" buried them alive.
Letter, from St. PerefSl" B Is.but little
probability of Bna.ia maUio* c ?p c , e , s_
eioiiß. This opinion ia confirmeu by the tormuiable
preparations being made throughout IcU* l9 *®!..-;.. 4
The Paris correspondent of the London 'times, th
further aHution to Napoleon’s mediation proposi
tion, says: “In the event of the present overtures
of the English Government being unattended with
a practical should not be surprised if the
Imperial Government addressed itself to Spain.”
London, June 26 —There ia nothing new to-day
in regard to the project of the mediation of France
with affairs in America.
The Globe contends that Eogland cannot continue
immovable on the American question and fully en
dorses Napoleon’s views.
The war prospects regarding Poland are actively
canvassed, and have 'depressed funds.
FRANCE.
It is reported that M. Persigny will go to St. Pe
tersburg on a special mission from-the Emperor Na
poleon. •••
The Faria Bourse is unchanged. Rentes are quoted
at 68f. 60c. ‘
The PAria correspondent of the London Times, al
luding to Napoleon’s proposition of mediation, says:
“In the event of the present.overtures to the Eug
1i sh Govern men t being - attend ed with no practical
rcaulti I should, not be surprised if the Imperial
Government addressed itself to Spain. She has been
repeatedly urged to do something, that something
being to declare, her recognition of the Southern
Confederacy. This she has not ventured to do. She
was alone, Ahd did not care to bring down upon her
the vengeance of the North. But, as her necessities
are great, end the position of her rich colony most
critical, I would not affirm that she will turn a deaf
esr to the solicitation coming from France, particu
larly.when France proposes to aot with her.
“ Mr. West, a Confederate delegate, has been in
Paris for the last efght or ten dAys.”
ITALY
A duel has taken place with svTords between Ra
tazzi and Minghetti, in consequence of the latter
having branded the assertion of Ratazzi as false.
Ratazziwas slightly wonndedin the right arm. The
seconds' then terminated the contest, but the princi
pals do not appear to have been reconciled.
Commcrcial*ttn.teUlgencc.
Liverpool July 26.—Cotton—The sales ofthe
week amount to 32,000 bales, of Which. 1,750 are to
speculators and 10,600 bales for export. The market
closed dull, at decline for American, and
for other descriptions. -
The sales of to-day (Friday) amouutto 5,000 bales,
including 2,000 bales to speculators and exporters,
the market closing quiet, but unchanged, at the fol
lowing quotations:
v Fair. Middling.
Orleans... .....24 21
-M0bi1e5............ 23 2!#
'■ Up1and5........-.* ...23 21j<
The stock in port amounts to 16,300 bales, inclu
ding 51,000 bales of American, . ■ .
Breadstuffs are very dull, anil the prices arc tend;
iDg'downward. The quotations for Wheat are no-
LONPON MONEY MARJfET.—Funds are dull
ADd heavy. The money-market is unchanged. ;
The Provißions market is flat, with the exception
of Beef, which iB firmer. Lard is dull and unchanged.
London, June 26.— Consols The bul
lion in the Bank of England has increased £176,000.'
American Securities. —Illinois Central shares
29(fh*2S per cent, discount; Erie Railroad shares,
60@61. *
New Jersey Troops.
Trenton, N. J., July 6.—One hundred guns were
* fired here to-day, in honor of the Union victories
over the rebels. Our people are rejoicing greatly,
and Col. Kargea’ Cavalry Regiment is filling up.
A company of infantry will probably leave for
Harrisburg to-morrow evening.
Balloon Ascension.
Boston, July 6.«—Mr. King’s balloon, the. “Star
Spangled Banner, 99 which leftthe Commons on the
afternoon of the 4th, with ffregentlemcn. as passen
gers, including Mr, Holden, of the New York Herald ,
descended safely at Farmington, N. H., at 7 o’clock
on Sunday ni£ht. \
Tile Knights of the Golden Circle.
Toledo, Ohio, July a—The Knights of the Goldea
Circle broke open the at .Huntington, la
diana, at 2 o’clock this morning. They opened two
or three boxes of guns and ammunition, and distri
buted them among themselves.
The Draft in Massachusetts. .
Boston, July B. — The enforcement of the draft In
Massachusetts proceeds forthwith. Those whose
names are drawn will be notified at once, and then
allowed ten days to appear or furnish a substitute
or pay $3OO. ' ,
- Marine.
Nkw Yoniv July G.—Arrived, ship
Hamilton, from Marseilles; brig Three Sisters, from
Messina* ’
SECOND EDITION.
I FIVE O’CLOCK A. M.
RETREAT OF THE REBELS,
THEIR DEMORALIZATION DOUBTED.
ANOTHER BATTLE IMMINENT.
Tfrt Hills Full of Stragglers and Deserters,
ATTEMPT TO RECROSS THE POTOMAC AT WIL
LIAMSPORT. . '
A FIffHT HSAE CASHTOWK
A MATTIE AT MERCERSBURG.
fSpeciai 1 DespaJcH to The Press.]
Hanover, J*jsly 6.—-Nothing of great interest has
transpired to-day. Our cavalry has not ceased to
ft,-wass the enemy’s-rear.
The rebels have abandoned theft* wounded in their
retreat, and they are how mostly in 1 our hands. We
have buried large numbers or their dead.
Gea-FarnsworthWody was’reoovcred to-day.
Our scouts report that OGee is-atrainiirg every effort
to gain a strong position in South’ Mountain Gap
He late country roads;; which are-
ble; and his men and animals are reported to be ex
hausted with great fatigue.
Another battle 1b imminent. ~ ;
CSpecial Despatch to The Press.]
Frederick, July 6.—General Rlcftfeynoldß sent
forward a force to-day, to discover"the enemy,
towards Harper’s Ferry. The iron bridge at that
place was so far destroyed as to-be impracticable
for the retreating rebels.
The rebels are retreating from-Gettysburg in all
directions. A ‘ wagon train conveying wounded
was captured with Itß guard of nine-hundred and
sixty-four men, to-day. They will arrive in‘Balti
more to-day.
Portions of the rebel army passed through South
Mountain, but the Potomac is high, and their pon
toons destroyed.
General Kilpatrick iB after them sharply.
A Bpy, named Richardson, was hung here last
night by order of General Buford: McD.
A Kattle Near Mercer sbuTg*?
New York, July 7—3 o’clock 1 A; Iff.—-The New
York Herald has received the follo wing special de
spatches : ‘ ’ x
Bedford, Pa., July 6. —Captain Jones, ‘of the
New York let Cavalry, suoeeeded* in capturing a
rebel store train, near Chambersburg, yesterday.
It consisted of one hundred wagons. He also cap
tured five hundred prisoners.
Heavy -firing waß heard to-day in the direction of
Cashtown, indicating a skirmish in that vicinity.
It is believed that General Pleasanton hag come up
with the enemy and is engaging him.
The militia are turning out very strong. A de
tachment of colored troops- were-forwarded from
this county to day.
South Mountain,
South of Carlisle, July 6—Evening.
A fight was going on last-night and this morning
in the neighborhood of Cashtown. I have no in
formation as to its results.
. At 10 o’clock to-day everything was quiet at Get
tysburg. At that time none of our forces were
there.
Both our killed and wounded and that of ,the ene
my are being brought in from the neighborhood in
large numbers.
General Meade’s forces are moving forward.
General Bee is retreating as fast as he can with
his train and wounded. His forces are not de
moralized, and there is some chance that the enemy
will get back again into Virginia without that
great loss which so many counted upon.
From actual fact, the highest number of prisoners
Bean account for, as having been taken by us, does
not exceed 15,000. -
General W. F. Smith reached Bendersville to-day.
Harrisburg, July 6. —Governor Curtin received
a despatch, this evening, informing him that the
mountains and hills in the vicinity of Fayetteville
are literally full of rebel stragglers and deserters.
General Smith has commenced operations on the
flank of the .enemy, and the capture of the whole
rebel army is now our expectation.
* It is confirmed that General Pierce has captured a .
train of one hundred wagons laden with valuable
plunder. , s
The Pennsylvania formers are taking courage from
the success of the army and have commenced firing
on the retreating rebels,-whenever an opportunity
offers. Two alleged spies were brought in here this
afternoon, from Lebanon. .> v
Bedford, "July 6.—General Fifz Hugh Lee, with
three brigades of cavalry, comprising the lßt Divi
sion of .General Stuart’s cayalryjcorp**. wore at
Greencaetle at i o’clock this afternoon. The force
-numbered 21,000 men. . A regiment or brigade left
.this afternoon in the direction of Mercersburg and
another portion proceeded towards Hagerstown,
.where General Pierce, of the 12th Pennsylvania
Cavalry, is ready for them.
Bedford, July G.—A. battle took place near Mer
cersburg this afternoon between the rebels under
Fitz Hugh Lee and General Pierce’s forces.
The firing was continued up to 9 o’clock to-night.
Our forces still maintain their position.
General Pleasanton will be up to-morrow, and
head the battle at Merceraburg.
Balti work, July 6—Midnight.—The whole num
ber of prisoners that have arrived here is four
thousand tire hundred and sixty three, and more
are on the way. >
It.No intelligence has been received here of the cap
ture.of prisoners “by regiments or brigades,” as
Btated in a special to the Herald. ■ '
A Body of the Knemy at Williamsport—
Their Bridges gone and the-River Un« ,
fordable*
[From the Washington Star of last evening.]
By despatches received this morning at Headquar
ters, the rear guard of the enemy, is represented as
having reached Williamsport, with the main army
following close on their heels. They, find their
bridges gone—having been destroyed by General
French—but attempted a crossing. They find the
Potomac, however, too higli for fording. -
[Note,— This “rear-guard of the enemy” is doubt
less some small portion of Lee’s force which was
not up with .the main body in time to participate in
the three dayb’ battles, and was too insignificant in
numbers to attempt anything against Meade’s left
flank while those glorious engagements were in
progress. Hearing of Lee’s defeat, .they probably
endeavored to get back into Virginia as best they
could, and hurried to the Potomac only in time to
find the bridge by which' they felt sure ..of escaping
destroyed, aid the river so swollen as to be unforda
ble. s
The main body of the rcm&ant of Lee’s army Can
nCf-he endeavoring to escape by the same road, as
Meade occupies find holds it securely against any
such movement on their part. As elsewhere stated
by us, Lee will probably essay to retreat by way of
:• Hancock.]
Arrived.— A strong guard, that left Maryland
Heights on Wednesday last, reached here on Satur
day, having in charge a number of canal boats,
’ loaded with stores, which they brought with them
~fiom Harper’s Ferry.
KENTUCKY.
A Midnight Alarm, at Louisville* Ky.-
Approach of* Morgan*
Louisville, July 7—12.30 A. M.—The alarm bells
are now ringing, calling the citizens .together for the
defence of the-dty.
Rumors were prevalent all the evening of the ap
proach of Morgan’s forces. They were reported to
be at Bardstown this merning, and at Shepherds
yille this afternoon.-
His foree is estimated at from 2,000 to 4,000.
This evening at 5 o’clock the Nashville train, due
here at 6 o’clock, was thrown off the track by a
party of guerillas. Our guard of fifty men repulsed
the assailants.
It is impossible, under the present excitement, to
get any further news till morning.
Unfounded Reports*
St. Louis, July 6.—The despatch, sent West this
morning, purporting to be a special from Cairo.to a
New York Sunday paper, relative to an .engage
ment between Johnston and Grant’s forces, is with
out foundation. No such despatch was sent from
Cairo. It is more than, probable that the despatch
from Des Moines, relative to the movement of the
Indians, is also bogus.
Speech of Governor Seymour*
The Democracy of New York celebrated the
evening of the Fourth of July, by a large mass
meeting in the Academy of Music. ‘Governor
Horatio Seymour, of New York; ex-Gov. Thomas
H. Seymour, of Connecticut ; Gov. Joel Parker, of
New Jersey; ex-Gov. Bently, of Ohio; Senator
Buckalew, of Pennsylvania; Professor Morse, and
others, wereupon the stage; We extract from the
speech of Governor Seymour:
f I stand before you'upon this occasion, not as one
animated by expected victories', but feeling as all
feel who are now within the sound of my voice, the
dread uncertainties of conflicts! which rage around
us, not alone in Pennsylvania, but along the long
course to the^Missieslppi— contests that are carry
ing down to bloody graves so many of our fellow
countrymen, so many of our friends—that is
spreading renewed mourning throughout this great
broad land of ours. Under circumstances like these,
I shall allow to go unsai4.many topics upon which I
meant to speak on this occasion. They .might
seem-to jar with th© ; solemnity* of the occasion.
They might not be in keeping with
feelings which now press on each' breast of
ours. But there . 'appeal that I want now
to make to this whole community, irrespective of
party, and I pray that you may hear that appeal. &.
few years ago we stood before this community to
warn them of the dangers of sectional strife, but
our fears were laughed at. At a later day, when
the clouds of war overhung our country, we im
plored those in! authority compromise that diffi
culty, for we had been told by a great orator and
statesman, Burke, there never yet was a revolution
that might not have been stayed by a compromise
made in a timely and graceful manner. Oar prayers
were unheeded. "Again, when the contest was
opened, we invoked those who had the conduct of
.affairs not to underrate the power of the advej>
sary. All this warning was treated as sympathy
with treason. .
I need not. call your attention to the tone of the
press, or to the tone of public feeling, to show you
- how, atthiamoment, parties are thus exasperated,
and Stand in almost defiant attitudes to each other.
Until we have a united North, we can have no suc
cessful war. Until we have a united, harmonious
North, we can have no beneficent, peace; How
shall we have harmony? Is'harmony to be coerced?
•:'I appeal to you, my 'Republican friends,if you
* yourselves, in your serious rooments, believe that
-this is' to be produced by seizing our persons, by
iniiicgiiig by insultibg our homes,
ahd by depriving usof those cherished privileges for
which our fathers fought, and to which we have al
ways sworn allegiance? We oome to you in no spirit
of arrogance, 'We do not come to you Mkingyouto
make any. concession of advantage to u*. On the
contrary, we only say to you, ho&ding in your hands
and in your control almost all the'political power of
y° u /, country, to exercise it, but to exercise it no
chrding to o.ur chartered rights. We only ask that
you cl&ina foT your
selves, sndthat which efrery freeman, and every man
who respects himself, wilt have for himself— freedom
.of speech, tte right to exercise all the franchises
conferred by the Constitution upon Americans
Canyou safely deny us-these things! Are you not
exposing yourselves, your owa interests, to as greats
peril as that with which you threaten us ? Remember
tble—that the blotnfy and (reasonableand revolutionary
doctrine of public nemsiCy canbe proclaimed by ft mob
as well as by a Gorernmentl' ’’
Wendell PMHips on Mr. Conway*
'Wendell Phillips, in his speech at Framingham,
Mass., July 4th, made the the following allusion to
Mr. Conway’s well-known proposals to Mr. Ma
son:
“ Let me say one word in reference to our friend.
Mr. Conway. I think his intentionswere as honesp
as the ..raid-day inn is clear. - [Heaiybear, and ap.
SlauseJ/ I think his devotion-to the' g?eat cause of
uman liberty iB as single-hearted as when he took
his father’s seventy Blaves, every one of their hold
ers a rebel but himself, and leathern,-with such' de-"
voted and self-sacrificing earnestness to freedom on.
the northern banks of the Ohio. [Loud applause.]
I know, at the same time, that her does not repre
sent in that offer one single man on this side of the.
Atlantic. £Bear r hear, and applause,]' Ido not say
I believe it: bat I say—my own knowledge joined
to hie—l toiourit, Now, I wißhto say further, that
I entirely agree with the eesence that underlies that
offer. The Union without liberty is today ten-fold
more accursed than it was anv time the last quarter
of a century. [Applause.] Union without liberty
I spit upon, as the subjection of the North and the’
eclipse of the nineteenth century. Disunion with
liberty is an impossibility. These two ate ttae'ar
ticles of my faith. At the same time, the reason why
I would not have made- that offer is this: There is
no slave in the Confederate States for the Con
federates to free, if* they had a mind to. Every
negro in the fourteen 1 -rebellious States was freed by
the proclamation, except those that events had
freed before. That is the law of the only Govern
ment existing on this Northern Continent, and it is
the law of agreement which has the power to exe
cute itß will. There is no- slavery, therefore, about
whtch the Abolitionists' could treat, if they had a
mind to, with the Con federate rebels. And as for
treating with treason, if the sun were forbidden ever
again to rise in the morning, and I could have sun
rise again by asking treason, I would remain in the
dark forever rather than speak to the author of the
fugitive-slave bill. [Loud applause.}- That is mr
view of the offer of Mr. Conway on the supposed
behalf of the Abolitionists. •
THE CITY.
[von additional city news sbb poubth pagh.|
Mass Meeting of Colored? People——
Speeches or Judge Keli/by and Miss Dickinson.
—National Hall was filled to overflowing last eve*,
ning, *on the occasion of a mass meeting of the
colored people, to assist in recruiting* the black
regiments. A great many persons in the audience*
were white, fcnd they all Beerned to take a lively in- :
terest in the proceedings. The platform waß also
Ailed, and among those in this portion of the hall
were a number of prominent citizens.
At eight o’clock, a procession, composed of a cou
ple of hundred of colored men, headed by a band of
music, entered the hall, and was received with loud
cheering. The band performed airs,
and, at their conclusion, “John Brown’s Soul is
Marching On” was played, by general request.
The meeting was organized .by-the selection of-the
following officers : . „ . '
Presid&it —Rev. Stephen Smith;
Vice Presidents —Rev. Jonathan C. Gibbs, William
Whipper, Benjamin B. Moore, Rev. Jeremiah-
Ashefj Jacob O. White, Rev. J* B. Trusty, David B;
Bowser, James McC. Crummill, Rev. .Tabez P;
Campbell, Henry Minton,.Rev. James Underdue,
John P. Burr, Rev. Wm. J. Alston, Samuel Wil
liams, John W. Page, James Brown, Henry Jones,
Thomas Jordan, William H; Riley. Rev. Jesse Boul
den, Henry M. Cropper, Thomas J. Dorsey, Wilkin
son Jones, Robert Adgers Daniel George, M. B&a
-com. *
Secretaries— Ebenezer D. Bassett, Jacob C. White,
Jr., Octavius V. Oatto. - v- ■ ■ ~
. Hon. ¥m. D. Kelley was first introduced. He
commenced by saying that- the rebel army of Vir
ginia is no more. [lmmense cheering.] As an or
ganization, it will never-leave the soil of Penn
sylvania. [Renewed cheering.} And old -Vir
ginia is henceforth secured to freedom. [Cheers.]
First West Virginia hjr the votes of her . patriotic
people, and Eastern Virgini a by' the power of the
United States. [Applause.] She will'no longer
lead blue-eyed girls or stalwart black men to the
slave mart.' [Loud* cheers.] He then asked the
black men to stop blacking boots, and waiting
behind men’s backs,to engage in the glorious work of
war. [Applause.]: After two hundred yearß.of
oppression, he asked them to seize the opportunity
and fight for their freedom. [Cheers.] He was here
to ask themto carry the flag of freedom—to carry
that banner wherever'rebellion rears its head—to
show that those who. have bought and sold them,
and believe that they have eaten the soul out of
you, that you are a maßtcr for oil the autocrats of
the South;
He would not have it said of the colored regiments,
of Pennsylvania that there are no Philadelphians-in
. it. He advised the rich ones to disinherit their sons
who are cowards; and, said he, you girls, remember
the young fellowe when they come to spark you.
Ifithey are, afraid of the smell of you
will have to tuck them under the bedclothes, when
it thundeiß. [Laughter.] - The speaker then ap
pealed to the white people present to know
whether they would assist in the work in hand;
[cries of'“yes”]? and he wanted to know whe
ther they would take care of the widows and
orphans? [Renewed cries of “yes, yes.”} We have
waited for two yeaTß and a half for the coming man.
Have we got him? Is it Meade, who is covered
with glory? [Loud cheers.] Then there is Rose
crans, thrice glorious. But. Meade is master in
Northern Virginia—Roeecrans in Tennessee. The
speakerthen said, that the colored men were the ones
who .are to save this country, and concluded by
proposing three cheers for the 3d Colored United
States Regiment and Rev. Stephen Smith, their
friend, which were given with a will. Three cheers
were then given for Judge Kelley."
Judge Kelley then said that he hai been requested
to express the regret of Bertf. H. Brcwater at not
being able to be present, and to assure them of his
entire sympathy with the meeting.
Miss Anna E. Dickinson waß the next speaker.
She said that* she had been waiting for a long time
forvictory. The North had the power and wealth on
their side, but we have failed. The South has been
going unsteadily winning victories and pushing us to
the wall. Looking at the strength of the South,
we ask what needs this people to become a nation l
It needs the corner-stone of liberty. [Loud ap
plause.] She then referred to Meade’s victory, and
said there were parties waiting anxiously for a con
firmation. Then there' was another partv who
want;to get this war over—yes, all over the North.
[Laughter.] These" victories now beiQg gained
are because the President is decreeing justice,
and then the proclamation of January 1,18G3, was
alluded to, and called forth vociferous applause. We
are sending the black man out now to fight for his
liberty. [Cheers.] She would blush to call the
Africans to fight, for her. True, we have been de
feated, and we want you. If the North succeda—if
the TJniou succeeds, it will he by letting all men %
fightforthe stars and stripes. This war is not for
the white men nor the colored men, or for the flag,
or for a military victory, but it is a war of demo
cracy against aristocracy, a war of liberty against
slavery. Now is the opportunity, for the black
man to" make a, nation. The speaker then de
precated the idea of offering bounties, and re
ferred to the manner in which the black man had
rallied around the standard, without bounty. . The
deeds of the black men, at Port Hudson and in
South Carolina, were next alluded to in eloquent
terms ; and then the speaker impressed upon the
minds of her hearers that this Union which we are
fighting for will be a Union of liberty, and the stars
and stripes will float over everybody, be their color
what it may.
She then made an urgent appeal to those present
to fill up the ranks, and not hesitate 6r waver about
petty questions. Miss Dickinson then concluded
. her address amid loud applause.
Professor E. D. Bassett then read the following
appeal:
Men of color, to arms, now or never 1 This is our
golden moment. The Government of the United
States calls for every aMe*bodled colored man to
enter the army for the three years* service, and join
infighting the battles of liberty and the Union. A
new era is opened to üb. For generations we have
. - - the honors of nnt,r*r«k, -nd
suirerea
wrong; our manhood has been denied, our oitizeif*
ship blotted out, our souls geared and burned, Our
spirits cowed and crushed, and the hopes of the
future of our race involved in doubts and darkness.
But now the whole aspect of our relations to the
white race is changed. Now, thereforefiß our most
. precious moment. Let us rush to arms? Fail now,
and our rAce is doomed on this, the soil of our birth.
We must now awake, arise, or be forever fallen. If
we value liberty, if we wish to be free in,this land,'
if we love out .country, if we love our families, bur
children, our homes, we must Btrike now, while
the country calls ;• must rise up in the dignity
of /our manhoody and show by our own right
arms that we' are worthy to be freemen. Our
enemies have xtfffde' the country believe that we are '
craven cowards, without boui, without manhood,
without the spirit of soldiers. ' Shall, we die with
this stigma resting bn our graves ? Shall we leave
this inheritance of shameto our children? No! ;A
thousand times'no ? We will rise! The’alternative
is upon us; Jet us rather die freemen than live to be
slaves. What is life witho.ut liberty? We say. that we
. havemanhood—nowisthe time to prove it. A nation
or a people that cannot fightmay be pitied, but cannot
be respected. If we would be: regarded men, if tre
would forever silence the tongue of calumny, of pre
i judice and hate, let us rise now and fly to arms t We
have seen what valor and heroism our brothers dis
played at Poit Hudson and Milliken’s Bend; though
they are just galling, poisoning grasp of
slaverv, they have startled the world by the most
exalted heroism. If they have proved themselves,
heroes, can not we prove ourselves men? Are free
men less brave than slaves? More than a "million
white men have left comfortable homes and joined
the armies of the Union to save their country; can
not we leave ours, and swell the hosts of the Union,
to save our liberties, vindicate our manhood, and
deserve well of our country ?
Men of color I All races of men—the Englishman,
the Irishman, the Frenchman, the German, the
American—have been called to-assert their claim-to
freedom and a manly character, by an appeal to the
sword. The day that has seen an enslaved race in
arms has, in alkhistory, seen their last trial. We
can now see that our last opportunity has come! If
we are not lower in the scale of humanity than
Englishmen, Irishmen, white Americans, and other
races, we can show it now.
Men of colrir! Brothers and fathers ! We appeal
to you! By all your concern for yourselves and your
liberties, by all your regard for God and humanity,
by all your desire for citizenship and equality before
the law, by all your love for the country, to stop at
no; subterfuges, listen to nothing that shall deter
you from rallying for the army. Gome forward, and at
once enroll your names for the service.
Strike now, and henceforth and forever
freemen!
' Moreover, we, the colored people of Philadelphia,
in mass meeting assembled, do most emphatically
and unitedly express our firm belief that we not only
ought, but must and ttill, raise a full regiment of ten
companies, eighty men each, of colored volunteers
for the United States service within the next fen.
days in our own cityof Philadelphia.
The addressnvas unanimously adopted. . ..
Mr. Maxwell (colored), of Chicago, was next in-
and delivered a brief address. He made
an urgent appeal to the colored men of Philadel
phia to fill up the Pennsylvania regiments afoncei
- Frederick Douglass was the next speaker. He re
ceived a very flattering introduction from Judge
Kelley. The latter remarked that he was about to
present what was once a thing —a part of* the estate
of Thomas Add, of Maryland, but what, under
the influence of liberty* has become a gentleman
and an accomplished -orator. Mr. DouglAss then
proceeded to address the meeting. He referred to
the oppression which the black race had heretofore
borne, and to the bright era now dawning for them.
Then followed an earnest appeal to the colored men
to stand up for the Union, and to fill up thq regi
ments now forming at Camp William Penh. The
Bpeakerjthen drew a comparison between the two
Governments which was found existing ,at present
in this.country—the one with Mr. Jefferson Davis
at its'head, and the other presided over by Pre
sident Lincoln. The Southern, Confederacy,, as-it'
is called, said Mr. Douglass, was founded upon the
principle that black men have noughts, and quoted
from the speech of their Vice President, Mr. Ste
phens, to substantiate his while, under
the Government of President Lincoln, the colored
race enjoy perfect freedom, and are having their
fights respected. ;;.The valiant deeds already per
formed by the black troops were set forth in fitting
language, and the name of Gen. Butler, when men
tioned in this part of the speech, called forth a per
fect storm of cheers. Mr. Douglass continued his
remarks at some length, portrayed the advantages
the colored men receive while living under this Go
vernment, and urged upon them the necessity of at
once: filling up the regiments now forming for the
purpose ox upholding the stars and stripes, and
crushing out the rebellion of the slaveholders.,
At the conclusion of the speech, of Mr. Douglahs,
the poem, “ The'Second Louisiana,*? by George
H Boker, Esq., was read by George Inman Kiohd,
Esq., and the different passages were greeted with
rapturous applause. •
The meeting then adjourned.