The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, January 22, 1863, Image 1

THE PH,F.SS,
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BY JOHN W. FORNEY,
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THURSDAY, JANUARY 22, 1863.
ARMY OF THE MISSISSIPPI,
..The Capture of Arkansas Post—Sketch of
the Vltinge and Fertifications—The Plan
of I n vestment — Brilliant Operations of the
1111111ary nod Naval Forces —Two Days'
Fight lug And Final Surrender.
MOUTH OP WHITE RIVER, Ark.,
January 11, 1883.
PRELIMINA.RY.
Aller the repulse of General Sherman's army and
the assumption of the command by Gen. McOler
nand, it was decided to withdraw from the Yazoo ri
ser. It was at first ordered for the army to debark
et Mlllihen , s Bend and go into encampment there,
preparatory to the adoption of new plans for the
campaign. Before the troops had been placed on
i.hore, the order was changed, and the expedition
started up the river as far as Montgomery Point,
opposite the mouth of White river. It was an
nounced that we were to " proceed on an important
military enterprise," but beyond this.nothing was
I;nown. It was generally suspected that we were
to attempt the capture of Arkansas Post.
AT OUR FIRST RENDEZVOUS.
The military and naval fleet reached Montgomery
Point on the morning of the Bth, and remained
throughout that day quietly at rest. On the morn
ing of the 9th the boats commenced the ascent of
White river, the gunboats Louisville and Pittsburg
taking the lead, followed by the Martnora and the
transports. The latter were headed by the steamer
Tigress, the flaghoat of General ItteOlernand. It
iras expected that we might be annoyed by rebel
hatteries on the banks of the White ; hut none were
discovered; not oven a solitary guerilla made his
presence manifest, though it qUite probable that
many of them were in the. brushwood noting our
progress.
MOVING. UP THE WHITE.
The transports, preceded by the gunboats, ascended
the White, a nd'on reaching the cut-off pushed steadi
ly forward, and were soonploughing the red waters
of the Arkansas. This stream, for the last three
hundred miles of its course, is exceedingly tortuous,
and is full of snags and sandbars. From these cau
ses our progress was necessarily slew, and it was
nearly night before we arrived at Belleville, a small
town on the south bank of the river, and about ten
miles below Arkansas Post by the course of the
stream. This place had been selected as a point of
rendezvous, preparatory to the attack on the Post.
The boats of one division were tied up to the south
bank, while those of two other divisions of the army
fastened to the north bank, about a mile above, and
commenced throwing troops ashore.
A FLANK MOVEMENT.
Doc division had gone up the White river, without
pas3lng through the cut•off, and landed on the west
hank of that stream, so as to come in on the roads
leading from Arkansas Post to Little hock, and
thus secure the line of the rebels' retreat to the in
terior of the State. With our forces thus disposed
we felt certain of capturing the enemy's position.
We determined to leave them no opportunities to
tlee, and by cutting them off in all directions to make
our success coniplete.
ARKANSAS POST.
This is the oldest settlement in the State of Arkan
.ms. and was founded by the French in 1685. For
many years it was a frontier triding.post, and was
the resort of the hunters and trappers of the Arkan
3is river. and the then almost unknown Indian ter
ritory. It is situated on the first high ground on the
Arkansas river, and is on a bluff' about eighty feet
high. Back of the , town is a sloping strip of land
about half a mile in width, extending to a forest on
the edge of the bottom land reaching to White.river.
in a high stage of water this land is overflowed, but
at present is comparatively dry. The bluff and the
sloping ground are cleared, while the bottom land is
for the most part covered by a dense cypress forest.
A few farms and clearings were found ; but by far
the larger portion has never been redeemed from its
natural state.
POSITION OF THE FORT
The river here makes a sharp bend to the-north
card, forming a complete IL The bluff strikes the
outside of tae bend, and the town of Arkansas Post,
containing less than five hundred inhabitants; is
situated on the bluff, near the river. Just below it,
in a position looking for three miles down the sweep
below the bend, the rebels, more than a year ago,
erected the fort which it was now our endeavor to
capture. This fort was of rectangular shape, built
so as to repel an attack from any quarter, and on
each side mounted two heavy guns. Those looking
down the river were long sixty-fours, while the re
mainder were thirty-twos. On the sweep looking
down the river was a finely-finished one-hundred:
pounder Parrott gun, that the rebels confidently
hoped 'would be able to sink any boat having the te
merity to approach.
FROTEOTION OF THE FORT.
Around the fort is an extensive range of rifie-pits,
extending along the.blutilf so as to encircle the town.
&Offside of these is a long line of abattis, rendering it
difficult to approach the works. In the °obstruc
tion of these defences the rebels showed especial
•nre. AU the roads excepting the one to Little
Hock had been obstructed by felled timber, and only
the ingenuity of our soldiers prevented their finding
them formidable obstacles In the way of a movement.
The garneon of the fort had been reported at about
seven thousand strong, commanded by Brigadier
OenerAl Garland.
PREVIOUS ATTEMPT TO CAPTURE THE
FORT.
An attempt was made in October last to capture
Arkansas Post, but it.dld nOt, prove a success, Gen.
A. P, Hovey, with a force of 10,000 men, was sent
front Helena with that object in view. The White
river was ascended to near the cut-off; but the stage
of water was not 4 suftledent to allow the boats to,pass
through. A cavalry force was sent within,two,ml.l4
.11 the fort,: frightening the garrisolvinl6;virepara
lions for decamping. lailing•to find sufficient water
to proceed, Gen. lidvey returned to Helena. As in
that instance-the rebels were preparing to leave, it
was thought•thefwould attempt It at the present
time. Gen. Illallemand accordingly made his pre
parations to prevent such a movement.
POINTS OF DEBA.RICATION.
A littlembove the little village or landing of Belle
ville, and on the opposite side of the river a road
starts away from the bank, following the main
course of the stream though avoiding its numberless
bends, and leading directly to . the enemy's• position
at Arkansas Poet. - This road in ordinary times is in
line condition; but it was understood to be much
obstructed now hp trees felled across it by the rebels
to Impede our march. Bet such obstructions are of
no great-)moment fin the way of a powerful arm3r,
and, therefore, the-knowledge of their existence had
no influence in deterring the general commanding
from debarking the main portion of his force at this
Point to move overland. One division, as previously
stated, moved several miles higher up the stream,
sod debarked on the-south side of the river, in order
to prevent the escape in that direction of any portion
of the rebel army-should the assailing force s sniceeed
in dislodging them frogp their fortifidAMitions..
The transports, contathing artillery„) Were • also
moved up to a point within five miles of the Post,
and there unloaded, a portion on either bank, the
largest Amount being put off on the north batik,
whence it waseasily moved through lanes and across
cultivated-fields to the road upon which the infantry
were moving;•but a mile from the bank at this point.
This latter place of debarkation was but about three
miles from thelorteand in plain view of it.
'ADVANCING.
As rapidly awthe troops and artillery were put on
shore they were tutored forward to positions in't4se
rear, and to:thasouth •of the enemy's position, pre.:
;lousily assigned them by General aloOlernand.
ilioh division commander was supplied with a chart
oldie countryovith his particular position clearly
marked upon it, and he, in turn, was directed to so
seder and instruct his:brigade commanders that
there should be no conflict or mistakes. Thus was
easily avoided install:of the difficulty that led to our
disgraceful failure at Vicksburg, where less regard
was paid toborder and discipline.
GUNBOATS COVER TUE DEBARKATION.
The debarkation of the troops and artillery, at the .
ditierent points,•was covered by gunboats, and dolls'
ring the debarkation, at the upper landing eeveral)
homelads were sent forward to within a mile and's'
hslf of the.fort, and opened a vigorouss.fire upon it to
restrain any premeditated assault upon us. By I
o'clock, on Saturday afternoon, the entire force had
been put ashore, and had moved away to secure
their positions. The men were in the high*
spirits, being led by a captain in whom they had the
hillestoontidence, and all animated with a firm pre
sentiment of aeure and speedy victory.
PLANS OP THE BATTLE
General McOlernand had laid his plans to make
Ide victory notonly sure, but decisive. To this end
he had disposed his forces so as completely to cir
cumvent the Post and prevent any egress from it In
Any direction whatever. It has been previously
mentioned that one division debarked on the south
side of the Arkansas. This was designed to prevent
any escape by crossing the river. Another division,
instead of following the main force into the common
rendezvous at Belleville, continued directly up the
White river about twenty-tive miles, where they de
barked on the west side of that stream, whence, by
Pushing their way through the timbered bottom and
for a distance of three miles, they would emerge into
higher land and open prairie, continuing thus until
they again entered the woods skirting the Red
river, about three miles back of the Post. The dis
tance across by this route was but ten or twelve
miles; and, although no well-constructed roads ex
isted, or in fact any roads, the timber was so open
fled free from underbrush that but little difficulty
Ira , met with in getting through. This division
strucli what is called the White-river road, running
nearly north and south, about two miles and a half
trim the Post. • •
Following this road about three-quartersof a mile,
to avoid an extensive marsh or swamp lying north
east of the town, they filed off , by their right flank
through a piece of woods; until their right came upon
the main turnpike leading up the Arkansas river
to Little Rook, and took possession of a small bridge
on this road, across a creek leading from the north
into the Arkansas, about a mile and a half from the
town, thus cutting of all -retreat from the Post in
that direction.
The two divisions
below the Post, d that had debarked on the north
tide of the river eployed into
ins with their extreme right resting upon the left
( lithe division from the White river, and their left
riming down nearly to the river below the town,
thus completing the circuit of the enemy's position.
THE GUNBOATS OPEN.
A general plan of attack had been previously
hgreed upon between General'AlcOlernancl and M
adill Potter, in accordance with which the iron-
Till gunboats moved up into close position bef
e tort at 3 o'clock P. Id" and opened the ball. T he
b L "ts Principally engaged were the Louisville, Pitts
tOg. Ulnelnnati, and De Kalb. These kept up a
pion vigorous engagement with the enemy for an
hour and a half, the fort responding with great ear
tettness to every shot we sent. The cannonading
traa one time rand and terrible, fairly
• Ring the earth totr e m ble with the vast volume
el Bound.
THE NAVAL ENGAGEMENT.
At first the enemy had diffloulty in getting their
rata to bear upon our boats, owing to their eleva
tion
1 ,. nod the close position which the boats had
nr" tl and, for a Itime, their shot all fell far astern
t olt ' oausing loud peals of derision from the jack
'l's who watched them; At the same time our guns
the,ir,sre too highly elevated, and our shell passed over
blutt, falling far into the rear of the rebel lines,
'NI as the result demonstrated, doing more damage
FO our own forces than to those of the enemy. But,
latgrees, more perfect ranges were obtained
oi n sides, and the rebel missiles fell around our'
' . l "lels in uncomfortable frequency. The I t rebes dito .
:peed hut four guns bearing upon us, though helP
' i n of heavy calibre,' and were handled' with'great
j ii u. We thuif had the advantagt..- of ..;hem - .
tr Weight .of metal, having; ere'
gunseti'. Mg
our boats only usell;tlwelve %Venting
e t them, while, by swinging about, we collie(
7slonaly pour in a broadside with
mangeiot.
~rater the few first rounds we got betteand
w .t shell 'fell with great accuracy intoAhe. rebel
ti " ri to. eNploding and spreading consternation and
Inslon all around. Thus we soon dlsablepne of
qbest pieces, a large rifled gun, knoekin coin
-14°15* ntf lts mountings by a well-directed s ot from
.ouls ville. Another of their guns also soon ceased
° pg. but
whetr because of the loss of artillerists
,slilent to the iece does not appear.
A M vessels, although ' much cut up, were readi for ,
theivil hour after the battle. The impeach.
evlerf
of
armor of these vesselfl was again,
fully demonstrated in this action, the missiles.,
rut& them on the emulates glancing oft as if.
VOL. 6.-NO. 146.
from solid iron. One,or two of the boats received a
shot through their ports • but the casualties result
ing therefrom are small in,nuMber. On the Louis
ville we lost twelve, liithe De Kalb seventeen, and
on the Rattler two.. There was no lose either on
the Lexington or Cincinnati.
WITHDRAWAL OF THE GUNBOATS.
We had thus silenced half of the guns working
against us and had as yet received no serious
damage, when signals were displayed from the flag
ship to withdraw from the action.* The cause. of
this early withdrawal, when every prospect favored
an early success in silencing the rebel battery, did
not at first appear, and much dissatisfaction and.
grumbling were manifested by the crews of the vari
ous boats engaged ; but it was soon known through
out the squadron that it had been previously agreed
between the naval and army commanders that, at a
certain hour, the navy should withdraw and the
land forces would make an assault. But for some
unexplained reason the army did not come to time,
and; although the gunboats were withdrawn at the
appointed time, the army made no assault. This
was probably owing to the existence of heavy ob•
structions in their.line of march, which prevented
them getting into position at the proper time.
A CONSULTATION.
Early in the following evening General IVlcOlelr
nand visited the Admiral, when a long consultation
ensued, at which the Plan of battle • for Sunday was
agreed upon. It was also agreed upon, as a wise
plan, to give the belegguered garrison as little rest
as possible during the intervening night, and accord
ingly the gunboats were directed to fire a shot every
half hour. This desUltory firing was not designed
to do any great amount of damage, and probably did
not; but it unquestionably had the effect of depri
ving some rebels of 'their usual night's rest, and
thus unfitted them in a measure for duty on the
following day. Sunday morning, at daylight, our
gunboats were to resume the cannonade upon the
fort; but the morning dawned with a dense fog
spreading over the riter, which prevented the gun
boats moving up into action until nearly nine
o'clock, at which hour the attack was resumed.
THE ATTACK RESUMED. .
For one hour the cannonading was equal to that
of the previous day. •The enemy had, during the
night, replaced the gtin we had dismounted on the
previous evening, and also had supplied gunners for
the other gun silenced, so that their whole battery
was in play. As the fog lifted the morning shone
out bright and beautiful, and natureput on her most
beautiful garb. The Cannonading that followed was
sadly in contrast witk the clear sky and the.glad
some sun. Heavy reports of artillery, and, loud
shouts of excited men,: were nil the sounds to be eard,
and these seemed in sad discord with the smiling ap
pearance of nature. But the battle had commenced,
and soon it raged with its intensest fury.
The alloy on the shore had already, on their left
wing, entered an extensive abattle, and were forcing
their way up to the rifle pits of the enemy against a
continuous volley of !musketry, while the right of
our line was held in check by the allots of our own
gunboats. Thus the roar of artillery was inter
mingled with the din of musketry and the shouts of
victorious men until the volume of inharmonious
sounds became musical in its discordance. Light
artillery was planted by Gen. Sherman in a com
manding position to shell the rebel position from in
land, which drew responses not only from field ar
tillery but from the main fort, two guns of which
bore directly upon our assaulting column. Thus,
between nine and ten o'clock A. M., the battle be
came general in every sense of the: word, and light
as well as heavy artillery with musketry in profu
sion, was belching forth to increase the volume of
din and confusing sounds, and add to the terror and
destructiveness of the action.
THE GUNBOATS AND THE FORT.
Up till ten o'clock the duel between the gunboats
and -the fort had been wholly barren of results.
About this time a shell was directed, either from
the Louisville or DeKaib, though which is a point
in dispute, as both vessels fired almost simul
taneously, which exploded directly over and close to
a hundred-pounder Parrott gun, mounted on the
southern parapet of the'rebel fort, and which had
given our vessels the greatest anxiety and :trouble,
disabling every man engaged in working the gun.
With field glasses we could plainly ‘ see that not less
than seven of the poor fellows wpm literally blown
to pieces, their limbs being torn alunder and their
bodies severed into shapeless masses and scattered
throughout their works. Nine others, either en
gaged in working the gun or shading by it, were
counted among the wounded, who were borne from
the spot by those who rushed to their rescue, or dis
covered dragging their crippled limbs over the
ground to a place of refuge. Not a man was left to
work the gun, and throughout the rest of the en
gagement it was not again fired.
THE REBEL FIRE SLACKENS.
With the silencing of this immense piece, which
seems to have been their main reliance, the fire of
the enemy began to slacken, as if their force had
become disheartened. But still their other guns
were worked with some animation while all the
batteries of our gunboats poured in upon them a
most damaging fire. As yet not a single shot had
struck any of our vessels since the action com
menced, although many fell in close proximity, and
our fire did not slacken in the least. We had at
tained perfect ranges, and each shot we fired was
becoming more and more close, until it was with
the utmost hazard that they could work their guns
at all. We slaughtered their gunners ; but, obsti
nately, they put others in:their places. We silenced
one, and finally two, of their guns ; but still the re
maining two kept fearlessly at work. It was despe
ration on their part,:itlidAhey manifested a determi
nation to fight te thilist. •
THE 'FORT ABANDONED.
ily the last came. The ground became too hot
for them. One of the remaining guns on the eastern
parapet was abandoned, the-gunners liking in confu
sion. The example was speedily followed by those
on the south parapet, and the fort was silenced. Just
at this juncture, signals were made by the army for
us to cease firing, and our boats dropped back out of
action.
A FURIOUS ASSAULT BY THE ARMY.
Then COmMenced a most furious assault by the
land forces. Those upon the. left, comprising, as I
am informed, the divisions of Generals Steele and
David. „Stewartr•-•formerly. ;Verger' L.. Smith's—
:'rifOssed,the enernils)ibilttls:-uhder a-hearvr fire froth
.theirAliterpits, and yeltqhe rebels 'to 'Ater rout,
driVing them out in the direction of the road leading
to Little Rock. Here they were headed off by the
division that had crossed from die White river, and
a desperate engagement ensued. ' Of thjs.engagement
I have but little information, as. I wastnot present
to witness it, and have had no conversation with
those who were. ?"'t.t
LI •
THE ENGAGEMT 9N THE:HIGHT.
I am informed that, on emergingsfroni the fire of
our forces on the le t, the Abets fo - med in tine of
battle and attempted to break our right4ing, with
a view of escaping; brit being repulsed, after heavy
slaughter, a cessation oglostilities occurred. During
. this cessation, reinforcements Were Bent round from
our r jeft to the right to such an ektent that :when the
ene - thy again attempted the task of breaking thraugh,
which- they did at three 1":1‘1.-* they were again re,
puked, -, after a very brief enelethent, 'their forriret
breaking in confusion read u er demoralization:
Sooerifter, tlle. rebel commander sent out a flog Of
,troge.proposing capitnlation:: , The answer returned
.:wan 'that the only capitulation that could imlna de
Would be one based on an• unconditional surrender.
This reply wits doubtless expected, 'for afters short
delay it was accepted; and at four pre became
possessors of this famous position, witlieitil heavy
armament, all its garrison, light artillery; small
arms, camp equipage, ammunition, Stores.. Sm.
Colonel I)unnington, late of the United States iesit'7,
commandant of th,o - foit, requested, to surrender to
the navy, and Admiral Porter .reeeived his sword: .
• OPERATIONS ON TRES° IItANK.
. _
The division that landed on the:s h bank of the
river, near the mouth of Red. Perk; moved out on
the road in the direction of the landing, oppositethe
Post. From this landing is a sing le road, leading to
the Wachita river, through a r nof swamps and
low lands. The road from Be eville intersects it
'about four miles .trom the ,latter place, near the
crossing of a smalifteek. This bridge was occupied
at an early hour by a'battalion of our cavalry, which
eneuuntered a small force of rebel infantry. The
latteewas dislodged:After a few rounds of musketry,
and fled in the direction of the fort.
HOLDING- A BRIDGE.
, t
Therliridge being fairly in our hands, the rebel re
treat in that direction was rendered hopeless.' 'The
divliion formed in line of battle, and, after several
hours , impatient listening to _,the cannonading,
moved forward in the direction of. the river. They
had advanced but a single mile before night came
upon them, and they bivouacked on the field. Around
them was the dense cypress forest, with its thick
. s :ifeg which overhung the forest in that vicinity. . A.
trong picket was thrown out, and during the night
there mere constant alarms from stragglers . : front
AEC fort, coming. upon our lines before they: were
adrare of it, and several prisoner!' were - made in
this way. One of our men was wounded by a shot
from the bushes, but his wound teas not considered
serious.
MOVING. SUNDAT: •
•
In the morning they moved forptscd to wits in two
miles of the river, meetirig . nd capturing small
squads of the enemy . There was no engagement of
importance, as the rebels had learned from the guard
at the bridge of the - face-that was ready to oppose
them, and did not attempt to retreat byway of the
Wachita road. When the battle was over the nufn
tier ofpulsoners on this side was not far from two
hundred,"consisting entirely of stragglers from the
fort. All of them told a pitiful tale of their garrison
life and the scarcity of provisions.
RESULTS OF THE BATTLE,
• The results of our victory are nearly seven thon
sand prisoners of war, a fortified point guarding the
navigation of the Arkansas river, and shutting out
its commerce from the Mississippi. We can now
ascend without interruption to Little Rock, and
take full possession o4,.the Arkansas capital. With .
a higher stage of water in that river, we can com
municate with Generals Blunt and Ilerron, and save
them the transport of supplies over the long route
from Bella. With hut a few more well-directed
blows, the whole rebel strength in the State will be
overthrown, and the power of the Government again
fully restored. Artillery and ordnance stores, to an
enormous extent, have come into our possession,
and several thousand stand of small arms, make for
us an exhibit of no mean importance. Transporta
tion for the rugged roads of Arkansas has become
ours, and with a new stock of commissary stores,
we are ready to move in any direction by land..
The Serenade to Senator Wall.
To the Editor of The Press:
Sin : In reply to your editorial article, I would re
speetfully say that, on the occasion of the serenade
to Senator Wall, I was engaged to play six piecii,
commencing with "Hail to the Chief." It was also
understootithat I should conclude with themational
airs. I played four. pieces, "Hail to 'the Aihief,"
" Anvil Chorus," 4' Camp Lafayette '
"Gipsy Polka," intentling to - play.„ti.nothey opera
air; a Intirch, and the , national
however, the crowd' became large and restive, and I
,
was requested to stop playing. This I did, but -the
omission of the national airs wait altogether-a cir
cumstance beyond oui, control, and: feeign to our .
original intention. ". I Ohotild notAave accepted the
engagement had IC pprticular rej(sl'est been made ,to
play tunes offensive:tp our pegiile, or to refrain: from
playing those' that belong to the nation's littitpry
and glory.
Very respectfully, your obd't eery%
ADOLPH BIEGFELD.
From Igoitevidco.
Nxw Yowl, Jan. ai. - --illontevideo advises state
that the recent disturbances were in consequence of
a supposed conspiracy against the Government.
Many persons were.arrested,'lncluding the captain
of the Argentine ateatner Murray*.
The general .ophlion was that the alarm would
soon be over, as .there was, apparently, no cause
for it.
The Steamei 'Arabia at Boston.
JiosToic, Jan. 21.—The Itpyal mail steamer - -Arabia
will arrive up at 8 Weloek,4nd her male will be de
spatched to New York in tlieretight train.
The Pirate Retribution.
Nisw YOirm, Jan. 21.—Advices from St. Thomas
Mate that the rebel steamer Retribution was Rir
merly the steam-tug Enoch Train, of Boston.
- a •
•
Departtire, of the Africa.i; , J , - .
BOSTON; Jan.' 21.—The steamer Africa,;aailed to
day l yith $42,000 in speoie for Liverpool,' and s'ooo
for. Halifax. • - • _
Death of Grant Thorburn. •
--(1 h rt; died • t NEW Yonx Jan. 21. ran .T urn ,a o
'New' llaren te.-d y,,aged.fifilety years •.•
- • . •• 1131
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STATES IN REBELLION.
Latest from Richmond—Part of the Rebel
Army going South—Position of the Main
Body Merrimac No. RI a Failure—Rebel
Afal vs in Northern Mississippi—John
Mitchell, the extinguished " Pat riot"—His
Impressions of • the War and Confede
racy.
Several refugees have just arrived at Washington
from Richmond, where they have been at work in
the Tredegar Iron Works. Coyle and Riley are
from Troy, N. Y.
They left Richmond on Monday, the 12th instant,
the men walking and the women and children riding
in a wagon which was driven by a contrabandist,
and came by the way of Mechanicaville pike, passing
Hanover Court House, where they observed that the
rebels had a picket, to near Port Royal, where they
crossed and proceeded on their Way to the Potomac;
and hailed one of the gunboats and got on board,
from which they were transferred to the King
Philip. On the way from Richmond they did not
see any Confederate soldiers other than the picket
at Hanover Court House.
The week previous to their departure there was
great excitement in Richmond, owing to reports that
a large Federal force numbering 80,000, was on the
way to Weldon, N. d, and that a large fleet of gnu
boats were in the waters of North Carolina. About
the same time, Anderson's division of Jackson's
army, numbering about 15,000 men,
passed through
Richmond and went South, which fact added much
to the excitement.
The Merrimac is a perfect failure, being too top-
heavy, and she is lying at Rocketts, with a scow on
each side to keep her afloat. Several times she has
been taken out in the stream with the }mows along
side; but whenever it was attempted to remove the
scows she careened at such a rate that they were
obliged to replace them and bring her back to her
, moorings. For upwards of three weeks she was
tried in this manner, but, at last, tired out with at.'
tempts to make her set right in the water, they have
given her up, and acknowledge her a failure.
At the Tredegar works they have six hundred men
-at work, mainly on shot and guns, but the latter are
mostly unserviceable, the metal which they are
working being of inferior quality, and none other to
be had. Lately several guns have been condemned
on this account, and they are now binding them
with wrought iron. On Friday, before they left,
about. one hundred and fifty Union prisonersi were
marched from the prison to the works, and arrange
ments made to work them, and the following Mon
day they all went to work. Fifty had previously.
taken the oath to the Confederacy.
The city is well fortified, at every point, and the
fortifications garrisoned With but a small number of
men. They have over one hundred guns in position
around the city. The main body of the rebel army
is said to be about midway between Fredericksburg
and Richmond on the railroad. There is said to be
considerable Union sentiment yet in the city. -
Even Secesh is becoming sick of the war. .They,
however, believe that they are to be successful, and
claim that the proclamation of President Lincoln
will cause many of the Union soldiers to lay. down
their arms. They say that Governor Seymour ' will
not allow any more troops to leave New York, and
that other conservative Governors will follow the
same course.. -
Provisions are very scarce in the city, and there
is much suffering among the poorer classes. From
$4O to $6O per month is charged for common board.
Flour is selling at front $22 to $26 per barrel. Mehl
at $4.50 per bushel, and eggs at $1.25 per dozen.
AFFAIRS IN NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI.
[From the Jackson (Miss.) Appeal, Jan. 9.3
The progress of the enemy in this section of the
State seems not only to have been checked, but. we
have reason to believe he has fallen-back to .most of
the positions he originally held on the line of the
Charleston Railroad. With the exception, perhaps,.
of his advance to Holly Springs—which he reoccu
pied after its capture by Van Dorn—this is un
doubtedly the case. On the line?e of the Mississippi
and Tennessee Railroad he initial° troops this side
of Memphis, and our people are entirely free from
his presence and outrages.
We do not learn whether any steps have been taken
to re-establish mail facilities to all points 'now out
side the Union lines, but if not, it should be done at.
once. Communication is, we learn, entirely unin
terrupted.as far north as Worn Lake, and there is
no reason why the people of Panola and De Soto
counties should remain isolated a single day. Had
it not been for the unwise act of our own friends in
destroying the long bridge across the Tallahatchie,
railroad trains could be run as formerly to Cold
Water, without interruption, in a very few days;
but the absence of this facility be overcome, and
the public, who have- suffered so much, accommo
dated. Will not the special agents of the Post Office
Department give this matter their earnest and early
attention?
A PRIZE LOST.
The Raymond (Miss.) Gazelle thinks a rich haul
might have been made by the Abolitionists a couple
of weeks since, had they had a knowledge of the facts
and sufficient courage to avail themselves of the
situation. That journal says : We learn verbally
that on the very day they commenced their furious
display in the Yazoo river, President Davis and his •
staff, Gen. Johnston and his staff, Gen. S. D. Lee
and his staff, and innumerable other military men of
renown all dined at the house of Mr. Blake near the
banks of the Yazoo, riot only within hearing of the
guns of the Yankees, but also within sight of those
terrible gunboats.
COTTON PURCHASED BY GOVERNMENT.
The total amount of cotton purchased by the Go
vernment in the State of Mississippi reaches about
100,000 bales, and much more is in negotiation. Our
planters 'cannot do better than offer their corps,
which will be taken by the general agent, Mr. De
Bow, at a fair price, and the bonds will soon be at a
premium. But little of the Government cotton has
yet been burnt, and none has fallen into the hands of
the enemy. If there is to be any loss of this kind,
however, Government is better able to pay it than
the planter. What remains will reimburse the loss.—
Jackson (Miss.) Appeal.
' PRICE AND HIS MISSOURIANS.
Of the 10,000 gallant fellows whom Gen. Price led
fromo Missouri in April and May last, not more than
2,500.v,!ere latelyleft survivors of the casualties of
'battle& enticamps•flt for service.--Selma (Ala.) Sen
.
find .. . .
741 . REBEL ARMY MOVING:
. The Augusta Chronicle says a private letteriust
received in that city states it is rumored in Virginia
that our army at Fredericksburg may possibly
y be
sent to North Carolina. It is evident that a great por
tion of Burnside's army has been sent somewhere; per
haps our authorities have found out where—hence
. them egig of the Virginia army. •
THE'I • BEL LOSSES AT MURFREESBORO.
04.4,,i7aa - 000A, Jan. 9.—Gen. Bragg will move his
headquarters from Winchester to Tullahoma. Gen.
Bragg now estimates our loss at 9,000, which in
cludes the wounded left at Murfreesboro.
The Columbus Sun learns from private sources
that in the attack made by Breckinridge's Division
bn theenemy's left, at Murfreesboro, on Friday, in
- which the Confederates were repulaed, 1,800 of our
brave troops were killed 'during the first hour and
Igitr minutes of the engagement.
The Mobile Advertiser states that Withers' Divi
sioh of four brigades lost 2,509, and that l3reckin
...ridge's-,Division was led into "a slaughter pen,"
where the loss was very heavy.
• - WAR PRICES.
Rio coffee sold at auction in Augusta, on Friday
last, at $2.82),@2.96 it,. Eight sacks of Liverpool
:salt sold in Savannah, on Saturday last, at auction,
at $5O in sack.-4avannair Republican, Jan. 12.
MISCELLAIS - EOf.JS.
• General Lee, the officer in charge ot z the defences
of Vicksburg, was, until recently, colonel of an ar
tillery batty ion in the armtof General Robert E.
Lee. About two months since he was promoted to
hrigadier,'and assigned to duty at Vicksburg. He is
a South Carolinian, and bears the reputation of
being an excellent:officer.
The,Starkville (ffiasisissippi) Banner states that the
small-pox is prevail* to an alarming extent about
four miles from that town. ; ;;;;F•k
Captain .33. Cl Yanc 4 7, sonceit. the Hon. William
,L. Yancey, was one --thelf. , iflein. at the _battle of
Murfreeiboto.- ;-
, cßicemoisro, Jan 11.—Ainong 'the l num b arger•O „,
• women and children who came -by the flag-of-pace
boat was John Ross, the Indian chief. The refugees •
seem impresied with the idetelhata:peace will be
declared in a short time. ' ' • •
THE INTERCEPTED LETTERS UPJOHN
MITOHEL. .. •
Among the numerous papers ititind upon Major
Sanders, the rebel agenkwho attempted to run the
blockade with despatches tee Mason and Slidell, was
a private letter to a friend, and another intended for
publication in the Dublin Nat fon. Below we give an
-eirtract of the private letter, and the letter to the
0 . -drion in full. It is interesting to observe how a
"Man'can abuse a peonlewhb welcomed him to their .
shores when an outcast; •
Writing front Ilielyfflond of his own prospects,
Mitchel says: • ;r: -
"Now, for myseitl am still uncertain what is to be
my lot. There is a - dreadful mania of place-hunting
here, and I rather thinleorioiit pee leregard me as - a
new candidate for somettling goo inthegift of the
Government—that le' icrliay, tha lam standing in
everybody's way. Hitherto I, have asked for no
. thing—but have been very well received byethe Pre
aident. He at once made me aware that he knew of
the services of the two boys,, whom he called my
"gallant lions," and I have no great doubt that in a
day or two. when certain letters arrive from James'
brigadier generals, I will be , able to exert such inte
rest as will cause the President to put him at least
in as good a position as he was before, if not better.
James has certainly earned , somethingat the hands
Of this Government, and has been more than once ho
norably mentioned in the reports of thegenerals corn
mantllng his brigade. So that I will have no modes
ty not reserve in pressing his claims. The Moores
are well, but in low spirits—his business being
broken up, and no military pay coming in."
Mitchel introducea, by note, young Mr. Sanders
to the editor of the Dublin Nation, and assures hint .
that Mr.-S. will give him " much authentic informa
tion on the subject of this country and govern
ment."
The following article, prepared for the Nation, is
among the despatches :
. To the Editor of the Nation: - -
RICHMOND, Va., 28th Och, 1882. •
-DEAR Sin : Supposing that your readers may like
to read something from the Confederate States,
which has not passed through a Yankee medium, I
take an opportunity to send you some account of my
impressions on revisiting this city after an interval
of more than two years. I came to New York, of
,course, under a feigned name, and passed through
-Yankee land as through an enemy's country,
taking care not to be recognized ; because in that
'Case they would have tendered to me their new oath
of "allegiance" to Mr. Lincoln's Government,
under pretence that this Government is the Govern
ment of the United States which I once knew.. Of
course, I should have refused their oath, becauite to
take it would be treason to the Constitution, which
once was the law of that country ; and then I should
have been confined in one of the vast jails which
yawn for suspected persons..
-. North of the Potomac there is no law; and in tilt
-yelling througlrNew Jersey, Pennsylvania, and es
' pecially Maryland,_ I often asked myself , Is this
America'? or is it Poland or Venetia 1 Maryland,
you are aware,is , 'properly a Southern State, and
Its Rimini iv:Weldon ; to the Confederacy was only
prevented by overwhelming military force, and by
the dispersion of its re ar State Legislature as a
riotous assemblage. only at this day by mili
tary occupation, and by turning upon Baltimore
.city _the guns of Fort McHenry, which was built
and 'armed for the defence of that city, that the
State is now retained, not in loyalty, but in sullen
acquiescence.
1 know that those lito take their ideas from Yan
• Tree sources may dispute this view. The. Yankees
are, of course, anxious to represent Marylanthas
"loyal ;' even compliment her on her loyalty—a&
the queen of England occasionally compliments the-
Irish 'upon theirs—and pretend that General Lee's
late failure to raise all the State against its °pores.'
sore is a proof of said loyalty. a 4..
But the truth is, that the nano!, and remote
mountain region of the State wlitgaawas the scene
of tl late. battles is .(like Wei tern Virginia) in-..
hetitted - hy 'it population not thoroughly well of-'
'N'ebtga to , Southern institutions, and the other and
likrEater portion of the StateOhe ancient Maryland
of 'Lord Calvert and theOatlitolic settlers, including
the. great Southern eityaif Baltimore, was entire
ly out off from Lee's army by the immense forces
of McClellan. These good Marylanders felt
themselves totally impotent, and could neither
*rather - hand nor voice while 'Virginia was making
her gallant efforts to liberate her sister State: .-In
Baltimore.l spent a meek before any opportunity I
occurred for running the blockade- upoN,the lower
Potomac: I stayed in the houti4ofleavorthy Irish
citizen, and met with the principal Irish•*:tesidents
of that place. To my great comfort, found that
the Irish in Baltimore, both high and low (eNcept
few Orange men), are intensely Southern, and long
• for nothing so much as the day when they may driVe
the LincoWtes out of the city. fortiver.'iThe regime -
I:4lllr.,Lincoln indeed, is humiliating inougti. The
city swam with 'lietectives,'WWwstolvAnd •lliteal
•
•• -
PHILAD EL P A_, THURSDAY, JANUARY 22, 1863.
about hall doors, by night and day, to see
who goes in or out, and in whose houses I
the girls sing "My Maryland." When Con
federate prisoners are marched into some pri
son within the town, the men of Baltimore must
not address them, nor exhibit the smallest
mark of sympathy, under penalty of instant Incarce
ration - but the ladies, on such occasions , don their .
richesedresses, line the streets where the poor, rag
ged, glorious fellows pass, hold aggregate =clings
round the prison, and provoke the Yankee officers
past bearing, so that the guard has sometimes been
ordered to charge bayonets upon the fair insurgent's.
Even women. however, are not allowed to wear the
wrong colors—a matter which is decided by the taste'
of the police. Not in Warsawynor in Venice, are
female ornaments more strictly prescribed than in
Baltimore; and, while I was there, young ladles.
were stopped in the street by policemen because
they wore a ribbon of red, white, and red, and marched'
oft'to the station house. A child was carried irothe=
street by a nurse, and the bows of ribbon upon the::
little one's shoulders did not please econstable Who
passed that way. Both nurse and child were carried
off bathe police office. .
From Baltimore I proceeded through the " south;
ern counties" of Maryland, a rich tobacco country,-
inhabited by a most worthy class of planters,(most
of them Catholics ), and all, to a man, warm in the:
cause of the Confederacy ; Wit their district is-sur- -
rounded on threesides by the sea, and is therefore at
the mercy of thegunbocts. :An the'other sideit ad
joins the District of Columbia, and-is held in awe by.
the huge army there. No part of all the. South not
in Virginia, not in South Carolina;
is' More 'entirely'
Southern in principle and interest than these south
ern counties ; but as the' Noith strain every
nerve to hold the command of the Chesapeake Bay, -
it must .crush out. and exterminate these original'
Marylanders. They are doomed; thee:lens of Errs
and Tyrawley were never more inexorably' predes
tined to utter destruction, . and themethod ef.pro
vedure is *this wise:
.they are bullied and tormented.
by constant patroling of cavalry through the country, .•
who insult them daily, and car oft' their slaves;' force before their eyes, - either by or by false
promises. Then the very week that I spent.
in those counties, the -Washington Govern
ment undertook to enroll and .draft those planters,
so as to compel them eitherto puton.the deteeted•
uniform of Lincoln, and arm their -hands rtgaitiati„.
their own people and their own kindred—for - tire:
flower of their youth is already 'in the Southern'
armies—or else abandon their families and their .
property, fly into Virginia, . and: take . arms there. ,
selves for the "rebels.” This. is the consummation.
the Lincoln Government desires :•once in.the rebel
lion,- those planters are to be robbed of all their pro-'
petty by the Washington "confiscation act," and
their place is to, be supplied with enterprising Yeti-.
kees. It.is hard _to conceive,. With 'witnessing . it,
the agony , of mind of these - high-spirited gentlemen,'
•.
helplessly awaiting their doom at the hands of a fee •
they have ever despised so much; looking.cut upen4 I
their broad fields on which they will never raiee. I
another crop, and on their children who are never
to inherit the lands that have been in their family"'
for two centuries. My friend, Mr. G—, in whose
house I spent a-few:days; walking with me, came :
suddenly upon his ,two 'children sitting on a fende,
with their negro nurse, and. all .three were singing,
"My Maryland P'; The poor fellow's
eyes filled up.
If they can do no better for the present, these .
Marylanders of the southern counties can, at least,,
help and forward LConfederritis who desire to break
the blockade and clear the 'Yankee lines : and this
they do most zealously. Their-horses, 'carriages,
negroes, boats, •are at the service •of any good.
Southern man ; and, in short, by their aid and fur
therance, a party of ten of us, including two officers
of the• Confederate service, ran across the river (more,
than two miles wide) close by four gunboats, and•
under'the bows of a Yankee revenue cruiser. ,
morning in old Virginia, 'and on our way to the now
famous city of Richmond. We immediately 'found'
ourselves among the Confederate -pickets ; and
looked with keen curiosity at the first that came in
view; two horsemen, one well mounted, the other.
not, partly in uniform, the bits,ltirrups,and scab
bards rusty, and in the hand of each, instead Of a
carbine, a double-barrelled shot-gun. Near the shore•
we hired a mule wagon to carry us onyand Shortly.
after starting we met some more horsemen, accom
panied by an officer who was . very well mounted,
and with equipments not elegant, but rough and
ready. He stopped us to trek if webroughr anr
news. ". . . . . .
.
Richmond I find •viry 'little changed. Yankee.
accounts had prepared me to see the inhabitants,
generally, barefooted and underfed. - • But I never
saw better dressed people in the streets, nor a great
er chow of ladies. All tell- nie there was not the
slightest apparent panic In 'We toWn, even- during.
the desperate seven days , fight; and it, is refreshing
to .hear -men, women, and children, speak with
such sovereign scorn of the Yankees. • The city . is, •
of course, thronged with strangers, and not even in:
Paris do you see so many empty sleeves, nor hear
the clatter of so many wooden legs. All, however.-
are cheery and resolute. Apparently, they do` not
know yet that " the backbone of the rebellion is •
broken," ite Mr. Seward4issures us and do not seem,'
to have the least apprehension that . they will be I
forced back into the " Union." They have given up, '
I think,.all' hope in foreign "intervention," and
though they still demand recognition as an' ,inde
pendent Power, (which they area ) seem fully con
scious that not even this right will be 'accorded to
them till they shall have thrashed the Yankees in a
few more campaigns. ,
There are, as I learn, about 40,000 Irishmen-in the
Southern army; but. they are distributed, as they,
ought to be, through all regiments and arms of the:
service, and have never been formed into an Irish
brigade. They do not„ pretend to fight this Ameri-;
can quarrel as Irishmen; nor do they desecrate ,the
name nor prostitute the flag of Ireland at for
the Northern Irish, who seem to have got them
selves persuaded that the enfranchisement of Ireland
is somehow to result from the subjugation.of the 't
South, and that the repeal of the Union in Europe ;
depends on the enforcement of another Union in .
America, our friends here do not well understand the •
process of ' reasoning which leads to that conclusion;
nor do I. - They call those Northern Irish, as well as
all the other Northern forces, by the , one z geribral
name = Yankees; and. , indlgnantly protest that t
green bunting under .
-hrikes
• have chosen to march to the invasion and *subju- -
&bon 'of the - S,nuth, is
.not.the:bartner of Ireland •
at all—merely one..of the :Yankee. insignia. In •all
this I agree with theta:entirely. Nobody has the
right to unfurl the colornef Ireland in a war of in-'
region and plunder and , coercion. These Irish at
the South have never ;pretended to mix up their •
native country in thikeitruggfe ; they indislge in no
fiA
Fontenoyism ; they unt no Sunbursts ;they dis
play on their banner‘ne Round Towers, Wolf Dogs,
or Crownlesa .Rarris";*but go ahead quite • siniply,
under the stars and bars of their adopted country,
to defend their own homes and hearths from' a host
of greedy invaders. If they should be ever
-over
powered and defeated, Ireland, at least, will not be
dishonored in Meta persons:
But they have no thought of being defeated ; and
I will sum up my impressions by declaring my con
viction that this Confederacy can never be con
quered. JOHN MITOHEL.
THE SOUTHERN.. COAST.
A Severe, Storm Preliatling
FORTRESS MoNnon, Jan 20.—A heavy storm of
wind has been raging here all day, from thenorth
east. Quite a fleet of schooners lay at anchor be
low the fort till the storm became so severe that
they could endure it no longer.
-- At one o'clock they weighed anchor, and in one
hour's time about seventy-five schooners passed the
guard-boat up the Roads for a better harbor.
The Thomas A. Morgan, which has been running
between here and Yorktown, was hauled off to-day
for slight repairs. The steamboat Swan takes her
place to-day.
The propeller Karnak has returned to Hampton
Roads.
MEXICO.
•
. . .
continued Activity to Resist the French—
GA•sind Celebration at Puebla—Position
. iiinEfoiriliitioio of the French Forces.
Werg*.iintelligence from the City of Mexico, by
,
- way Of •Dec ember last. - - . el.capulco, to the 21st .
Ac
cording to these accounts, published. in the semi
monthly Review of the capital, there hae been no
.
movement whatever upon . the: fortifications of
Puebla. The French still occupied their position at
Palmar, some thirty miles "from Pitebla...
The Governor of Tlaxcala had left for Puebla,
with a body of troops, to join the -Mexican forces
there. On the 9th of December the - Mexicans cele
brated the defeat of the Spaniards at Ayacucho in
- 1824 with great eclat.
The Mexican Congress had passed 'in act to
treat all French prisoners as the }stench ;shall treat
• Mexicans.
-•• General ,Negrete had issued a patriotic appeal
'to the army to stand by the unity and indepen
'deuce of Mexico. • • -
... It beed ordered to punigh all priests guilty of
insubordinaljlonly fine and imprisonment.
- General Cz.Artastasio Parrodilas been appointed
bommande.r 1-the 2d Division of, the Central Army.
There w "%great celebration at Puebla on the
aik
presentatio •of medals to the troop?. The following
gives an idel . of the medals : -- . •
This recognized nation conced es
.to its br a ve sons
who defended the Andependerke of
: tb:ei,r country
against the traitors, kept tlfe.Osiog alf4 protepted .
the city.of Puebla, a medal of .honoirlorAtheAeeds
of the 4th and the defence of thanstircif May:lB62.
Both medals shall be round, of twenty-flve milli
meters- diameter and two in thickness, and shall
bear on the obverse this inscription: surroundedby
• evergreens : "The Mexican Republic to - her brave
sons:'' 'Onltlie reverse shall be : " By defeating the
traitors . on the 4th of May they.'effectually con
tributed to the triumph won in Puebla against the
French army on the Gih of May, 1862." The inscrip
tieing on the reverse shall be surrounded by laurels.
• ' The most fictive preparations were in progress at
Puebla. New works of defence were being thrown
up everywhere, and the commander-in-chief was
'unceasing in his activity, visiting all the camps and
preparing the army for the coming struggle. •
.ln all the large towns the ladies were enthusiasti
cally forming themselves into societies for collecting
money, clothing, lint and bandages for the hospitals
which are being established.
The French continue at' Sin Augustin del Palma
and San Andres Chalchicomula, where they have
fortified themselves. They. are in want of mule 3
and trains, and, according to the Mexicans, are
afraid of attacking Puebla. The forces of General
)3s zaine had arrived at Jalapa, but, says the He
raldo, "they have not begun to fulfil the command
of Napoleon—Faitcs bier el vile. Forey thinks a
great deal before acting."
• •7
'Marriage of the Prince of Wales:
#0 0 "
•
Her Majesty having commanded that'the nujitialat
of his Royal Highness the Prince of. Wales and the Princess Alexandra of Denmark shall be celebrated
with great .magniflcence, preparations have been
commenced recently by the employees of the Lord
Chamberlain's department at Windsor _Caudle'
with that view. A number of extra handsliave
been engaged, and the work, both in the State
apartments and other parts of the Castle, is Wa
king rapid progress under the superintendence
of Mr. W. Seabrook, her Majesty's inspector,
assisted by Messrs. Miles, Bentley, &c. The State
apart - mute:are being furnished with -the superb
hangings zwhich were used during the visit of the
Emperor-and Empress of the French in 1866, and the
/.use room is undergoing a complete. change.
Th le of the furniture, picture-frames, mould
.4sig,iutd the panel frames, are being richly regilt,
while the walls are being hung with costly Italian
silk, six feet in width, bearing the initials " V. R.,"
encircled with a wreath and ornamented with a
crown, the silk being similar to that used in the
hangings of the King's Council Chamber, better
known as the Queen's Drawing-Room. • Thiarroom
contains several beautiful landscapes by'Znecarelli,
three . of: them being Scripture pieces, one re
prefentint ." Jacob watering his flock," while the
other two, which are very large, and occupy the
whole of .the west wall, represent "Isaac's .Meet..
ing," awl the " Finding of Moses." it is expected
that this will be need as a drawing room bk-the
King of Hanover, while other portions of the-State
apartments will be appropriated to the use. of the
Crown Prince and Princess of. Prussia. In other
parts of the Castle suiteauf apartments. are being
fitted up with much care and taste', especially these
whichwill 'be occupied by their Royal }Ugh/leases
the Princess and Prince Chriatiari
other members of the . Bathe- royal fOritily,.who will
be present at the celebration of the royal weddi s tig.
—London Star, Jan. 3d.
-ELEGANT S TAIRCASE.---A magnificently lit‘:
Carrara marble, stairca se ; -which. is to,.coatuotfless
;Than 150,0P0. franca; ia being prepared tifYli)gitiniez•
. I ,lttie to be,nt IS:pieces to Baron Bltfadbil'Ot4,'
'Void. on, ihw' bOse'reaidenee it la to 'bel - arded';' 7.•
XXXllltit CONGRESS—Third Sessiois
WASHINGTON, January 21, 1863
SENATE. •
Mr. Wall's Credentials.
Mr„ TEN RYOK (Rep.). of New Jersey, presented
the credentials of lion. James W. Wall,. elected U,
S. Senator from the State of New Jersey to fill the
unexpired term of the late John R. Thomson.
•
Mr. Wall appeared, and-took the oath of office.
. internal Revenue. •
•, A communication was received from the Secretary
of the Interior transmitting the report of the Com
missioner of Internal Revenue.- Referred to the
Committee on Finance. ,
Credimtials.
Mr. WILSON (Rep.); of Massachusetts, presented
themedentials of Ron. Charles Sumner, re-elected
.United States Senator from the State of Massa
,ehimettit fcir six years front the 4th of March next.
'r. SUMNER (Rep.); presented a memorial from
the nterelianta'Of Boston, asking for a drawback on
gunpowder made fronrimported saltpetre, when the
same is =ported. • •
The Weak, Commix. . • .
Mr. ANTHONY (Rep.)„of4llhode Island, from?
the Committee on Printing, reported a reso lution `
to provide for the : printiogpf the_eighth census.
Adopted. •
Na• - y Line .o.llicerii.
Mr.- HALE (Rep.),.of New - Hampshire, from the
Oommittee on Naval Affairs, reported back the bill
4 hc.itinend the act - establishing the grade of line offi
cers in the navy, with an;amendment.
Engineers'sand Ordiknute.
Mr. WILSON (Rep.),,orMassachusetts, from the
Military Committee , reported.back the bill , to pro
mote the efficiency of the Engineer Corps and Ord
nance Department.
COu'rt of Claims.
The bill 'for the, reorganiiatien of the Court of
Claims was taken up, the question being odthe mo
tion of Mr. Feder, of Connectiout; - to lay the bill
on the table , which was rejected—yeas 18, nevi 20.
The question then recurred on Mr. Grimes , (Iowa)
',motion to insert a substitute, repealing the original
act establishing the court. Rejected—yeas 11, nays 26.
Mr.-HALE (Rep.), of New Hampshire, contended
'Antal this bill was passed it would open the way
for thousands of claims. He proposed, if he could
get the opportunity, to offer an amendment that no
--money shbfild be drawn from the treasury on the
judgitients from the Court of Claims until all debts
arising from . the war had been settled. It was only
yesterday that he was called - on by five soldiers of a
'ew Hampshire regiment, who had been in all_ the
hattles on the Potomac,•frem the first Bull Run
to the late affair at Fredericksburg, and had not
received a dollar of Government money for the first
'six months. They,had heard Congress was at last
arousing itself to the necessity of ming these
starving soldiers twho had left their families and
come to defend the capital and country. This law
1011 open the doors of the treasury.to a vast horde
' of speculator sand private' claimants, who seem to
have imbibed the ideathat the treasury is their pri
vate property; and 'a-law opening the treasury is
like the laws of the Medea and Persians, never to
be repealed. • . .
The discussion was continued at some length by
Messrs. Slierman;; of °his"). Bayard, of Delaware;
and DoolittlqW
of isconsin ' . • •
Mr. TEUREIULLIRep.), of Illinois, claimed that
the idea so oftedrefeated here that this bill . was in
some way to open the treasury, was en entire mis
take. No 'money can be drawn from the treasury
under the bill, except by an appropriation' made • by
Congress the same mirth which-el her appropri
ations are Made. There was no. attempt to open
the treasury to fiveludges, and the bill will show
• ;this If the SenatortiOsiill examine it. "its . object is to
protect the Government'and save the treasury, and
relieve Congress from a-burden.
Mr. WILSON (Rep.), of Maasachusetts, said, in
reply to' a remark of the Senator from New Hamp
shire (Mr. Hale), that Congress was in no way re
sponsible - for - :the nouLpayment of soldiers, and he
wanted the country t andthearmy to understand this.
Congress hid given the Secretary of the Treasury
power to sell the Rinds of the Government, and had
passed a len , requiring that soldiers should be paid
every two tenths. 'Yet the bonds hail not been sold
for some cause or'other. The Government had
asked for no special leglidation, and professed to be
preparing a way to pay 'the army ; yet the army
were not paid and great complaints were being
made. On the 20th of December the -House of Re
presentatives passed a resolution for the prompt
payment of the army and navy, and the Finance
Committee of the Senate amended it, so as to make
an appropriation of fifty millions, while the House
appropriated one hundred millions. And now from
the public press of the country, and, he was sorry to
say, from the Executive branch of the Government,
the idea has gone'forth that Congress has not pro
vided means to•pay the Rimy, and 'haif not done its
duty. There never was an hour when the Govern
ment did not have full .authority from Congress to
provide means topay the army. He did not choose
to take- this responsibility, and he disowned it for
the Senate and House of Ptepresentatives. •
Mr. HOWARD (Rep.), of Michigan, wanted rea
sons for the non-payment of of the army stated in
plain English, so that the saddle might be put on the
right horse.' , • •
Mr. WILSON (Rep.), of Massachusetts; said we
were obliged, during .ImA-summer and autumn, to
raise a large body of .troops, and agreed to pay $25
• bounty, and expeditions were sent away, and had to
.bp paid in advance. ' • • • • ,
The rule required that/ the troops should be paid
• every two months, and the Government professed to
.be providing means to pay the army, yet the pap ,
-ments for September and • October were not made.
:He supposed that these large drafts on the Treasury
, bad exh- listed the funds. The Secretary had sent
' no request for additional means, but had sent a great
financial scheme, which it would take months to
carry into execution; but Congress, without wait
ing for any official readmit; promptly passed an act
to provide for the paymentorjhe withers.
•" - Mr. HOWARD said he supposed, then, that the
'trite reason *as -these payments were delayed in
,order, to allow Congress to pass -upon thia 'megniff
ient.achemeasf the Secretary of the Treasury.
'.U.SSENDEN (Rep.), of. Maine, thought
,there *As a great deal of unnecessary noise about.
-'.the matter. The trouble hail arisen mainly from the
peculiar circumstances of the case. After the ad
journment of Congrees the President found it neces-•
„fiery to call out 300000 more troops, giving large
-sums in bounties.-.urge expeditions were sent to a
• distance, and the expenses had to tie paid. - The
-:trouble seemed to be that those men were not paid
first who had waited the longest.
, The - Secretary of the Treasury has only the means
arising from therevenue of the Government, and to
issue treasury notes, which power was limited. Con,
gress had also passed an act. giving the Secretary
the power to sell the Government bonds at the best
prfeehe could-get, as he (Mr. Feasenden) understood
rt ;•but the Secretary had construed the addiffermit
lyouid, of course, acted upon his own construction.
Wily, then, impute blame 'to anybody 1 Certainly
.Congress was not in any way to blame.' They bad
.protiptly,;and without fyly:request from the Execu
tive,branch of the Government, made an appropria
. tion to provide for the laymentof the army. No
legislative hody had acted more promptly.
Mr. HALE (Rep.), of NeW Hampshire, offered an
amendment that no money shall be paid out of the
treasury, • under judgment of the Court of Claims,
until after the anpropriation shall be estimated by
the Secretary of the Treasury. Adopted.
Mr. FESSF.N"DEN moved to amend so that the
judgments of the court shall not be final. Rejected
---Teas 16, nays 23.
Mr. -FOSTER (Rep.), of Connecticut, moved to
strike out the provision for two additional judges.
Agreed to—yeas 21, nays 1Z •
The bill was thenassedyeas 23; nays 15.
-Mr. HALE ( Rep.), of New Hampshire offered a
'resolution declaring that Cornelius Vandelblit, Corn
rninlore Van Brunt, and Charles S. Haswell, who
.-fitted out . : the transports of the Banks expedition,
are guilty of negligence in the discharge of the duty.
Assigned to them, and that the commission extorted
by P. J. Southard. "was in express 'violation of the
agreement made Whim, and should be at once re-•
funded to the Government. Laid over., '
The Senate then nd.l94rned;
ROUSE. OP REPRESENTATIVES: '
Mr . .Areisrleveees Seat.*
-The House yesteiday - passed a resolutiortileclaring ! ,
William Vandeveer, of lowa, not entitled to a seat, -
- 'owing to his having accepted a military'commission.
Mr. 'Maynard, of Tenneasee,: had raised the point
.:that such action on the part of the House 'being In
'lke character of an expulsion, required, tinder the
Constitution; a vote of two-thirds. The Speaker
• - Overruled the-point, from which decision Mr. May-
: nerd appealedt -
Mr. COX (Dem.), moved- to lay the appeal on the.
'table. • This was e&re_ed to—yeas 82, nays 36.
• . Nr. WASHBURNE moved a reconsideration of '
''. the vote by which the resolUtion was . passed. . •
. ' Mr. COX moved that the motion •be laid upon the,
..table. -Disagreed to—yeas 60, nays 73. .. • - -
The question then recurred on the motion of. Mr.
' s Washburne when .
,
1 -' Mr. STEVENS (Rep.), of Pennsylvania moved'a
-,postponement of the motion till August next. Dia. :
•,isgreed to---yeas &tenors-106. .. ,-. • .., ~ T . ...,
The question was then taken on-the reconsidera
:Aden of the vote by which the 'resolution . was
' adopted. The vote was reconsidered—yeas '7O,
~nay_a 64- - . ~ : .
. . Mr. DANES (Rep.), of Massachusetts, said this
:Was a question of construction of the Constitution,
and the law of the land. He ..did -not stand here to
-leeture any gentleman differing from him. He. ac
corded to,'oth'ers the right he claimed for himself. He
contended that a gentleman - in accepting a military
position vacates his seat in.this hall. He said there
was a disposition to treat this as a question of no
sort of moment, and of so little concern that gentle
men cannot bring themselves to 'vote uperr it when
.the resolution 19 fairly presented. Theyare not
. : willing to take the responsibility of ,voting on a
measure founded 'on the Constitution and laws
'of the land: 'ale reminded the House that they
- were setting- precedents to control the House by
.a power which would. render the members here
.literally slaves: It was their-right to sit here with
out on overshadowing power over them, and with
-out 'reiognizirig the right of
. the Executive to enter
-this . chamber - and interfere with their duty as legis
lators. He protestO. against.saying that we are yet'
at the foot of the Wecutive. We are, he remarked,
clothed with poWeilt by the Ocinstitution itself, to
protect ourselves against such encroachments which
are precludedffy - the form of Government which we
are endeavoring to; - . e. Our fathers wisely
threw eiround.us th - t? 4, eit of the Constitution. If
me are not prelpared.„p Pio - ct ourselves beneath. its
ample folds taill.'4hrow !Kay our rights under it, it
i ti
does not makermicii d 'Terence. If we at once cease
playing thelinocrite 11 indulging in cant, we shall
cease singinaostips to the Constitution when we•
could no longeEenjoy its-blessings.
Mtn COLFAX (Rep.), of Indiana, inquired whether
the
. gentleman included all who vote contrary to
himself as among those who. hypocritically cant
about the Conittitution and being subject to the EX-.
-ecntive.,. •rt . , - -
. - Mr. DAWES explained that he' had expressly
stated that it was the duty of every man. who did not
believe as to the soundness of the resolution to vote
against-it. He had heard no one question the Sound
ness pf ihe propbaition.
:4 - -,M.r. KELLOGG (Rep.), of Illinois, said the gen
tleman from Massachusetts had thought proper to.
. lecture those Who differ froni,lim. It was enough
for him (Mr. Kellogg) to , take care of his own vote.
Btit:when the Oaten:me' undertook to-put others.on
the - record in an unfavorable position, as desiring to
give the matter the go-by rather than vote upon It,
he wanted it allto' to go. upon. the record that, from,
his inveatigation, he did -not believe that the fact of
holding a military of from the• Gove rn or of a
State was incompatible with holding a seat hero.
He 'would moterith this view when this question
. Mr. DAWES'Atxplained that he complained that
pomp gentlemen had attempted to..avoid.the passage
- of the resoliition;',While they expressed no.question.
as to the soundness of the principles upon which it
was- founded.' Otheri had- placed- themselves. in a
position where the - Exeeutive could: take them out
of this hall: He wbo accepts a Milltaryconuniludon
makes his own election as to whether hd sluill wen.'
py : a seat in the Mouse, for " a 199.73,CaM1.Qt.5C1T0 two.
masters. He must cleave to the.one.and, pant .
com
panywith the ether." •- , *, ' - - -
• .hIr.:WASIABORNE (Rep.), of Illinola, replied , to
What he "characterized as a - lecture from ; Mr. Dawes.
His position was consistent. - Yesterday. he . . desired
that the 'gentleman shoigek yield: to. a poetpprieinent•
of the question till' tho •third.Taesday. in February:
He desired thett.apd new to meetthe quespon.falrly.
He could • not forget that the Vote, bythe decision of
the Chairy expelled. from-the House a neighbor. at
home and Wrieighliof who sat in hie. immediate viz
•einity. He could not but . ..readlect . that the same
blow aimed at- Mr. VandeVeer struck seven other
members of this House. -He believed that there
was no great and pressing- neceaaily which de
mantled a hasty vote. He desired time - , to con
sider this great ocinstitutional question. Tito!:
gentleman from Massachusetta„. however, ti'..ui
lectured certain gentlemen, aarletutrged.them . neith ,
a desire to shirk theiiiiiity. ''ffedid not know 'where
t histriend3ot the - right tojeeltireAttem t ' ..r,erecog
•.. ~..
......
nized the right of no man to lecture them for a diffe
. ranee of opinion on a constitutional question. The
gentleman had spoken of a mysterious influence as
controlling members to .Vote against their convic
tions. Where was the man who had voted. against
his convictionsl If such a man was here, he was
Unworthy , of the high place of honor he held. What
did his friend mean by the "influence of the Exesu
tivel" What had the Executive to do with it 1
Where was the man who had gone to tlfe White
House to consult the Executive as to his action
here 7 He felt authorized to deny that any member
had thus consulted the Executive.
Mr. DAWES explained that his argument was
that the Executive held the House in his power, if
members could, while holding military commissions,
claim seats in the House.
Mr. WASHBURNE said that Mr.Vandereer had
his -commission under the seal of the Governor of,
lowa, and not from the Executive of the United
States. Let the country look on as much as they - -
please: I vote, he said, according to ray convictions
of right. If the country does not agree with-me, it
is their misfortune. [Laughter) -
Mr. COLFAX (Rep.), of Indiana, said that it was
immaterial to him whether the resolution be post
poned till the ad of March, or be decided now. He
- 7would vote against the resolution, and on this he
claimed to be . sustained by a majority of the Com-
Inittee on Elections themselves. He proceeded to
show that, a resolution directing an inquiry as to
whether certain gentlemen• holding military com
missions were entitled to - seats here, was offered by
Mr.. Vallandigham, in July last. This resolution
was 'laid on the table and the Committee on Elec
i -
: tions. were not even. instructed to inquire into the
subject. He controverted the position of Mr.
• Dawes, and did not believe the Executive had spoken
to atiolitary.member, and doubted whether-the Exe
cutive even .knew that -the House had - discus-
sed the matter. Therefore; the charge of mysterious
influences overshado*ing the House. to vote against
their convictions, was a chimera of the brain. .
Mr. WILSON (Rep.), of lowa, said his colleague
• (Mr. Irandeveer) was appointed colonel 'by the Go
vernor of the State, and thus commissioned. He
commanded a militia regiment in the service of the
United States.
Mr: McPHERSON (Rep.), of Pennsylvania, said
his own former position in the army was of'a vo
lunteer character. He did - not design to shrink from
any duty, and considered the remarks of Mr. Dawes
as to the overshadowing influence of the Executive
to be merely suppositious in their character. He
believed there was an incompatibility in holding
a military' commission while claiming a seat. In
the House. The only question with hid was
whether, having served part of the time in the
field and part in the. House, Colonel Vandeveer for
feited his seat here'?
Mr. CRITTENDEN (Union), of Kentucky, said
that for the ;want of other excitement r gentlemen
had gone out 'of their way to suppose themselves
lectured by the gentleman from -Massachusetts. ' He
sustained the position of the gentleman. •
Mr. WILSON, replying to.M.r..Dawes said he'did
yesterday. question the soundness of his positions
and now maintained that under the circumstances
'of this case the Constitution did not apply to such
cases as that of Colonel Vandeveer. •
Mr. OLIN (Rep.), of New York, suggested that
this subject be deferred to some fixed day, and then
brought before the House in a way by which they
may be.enabled to vote intelligently upon it, and
also consider the more important question whether
they will decide it by a mere majority, or a vote of
two-thirds.
The• House then voted to postpone the resolution
till the ad orMarch next, resulting in yeas 78, nays
69. Agreed .to. . .
On motion of Mr. STEVENS (Rep.), of Pennsyl
vania, the House concurred in all the Senate amend
ments to the Military Academy bill.
• State'Orthe
The House then went 'into. Committee of the
Whole on the state of the Union, for the purpose of
genererdebate. • •
Mr. HARDING (U.), of Kentucky, said that the
President's emancipation dprociamation had united
the South. as hehad predicted, as one man, and pars,
lyzed the efforts of the loyal 'men so as to leave but
little hope of a restoration of the ' Union. The Presi
dent had, finally yielded his former position to the
.influence of persistent radicals. . The proclamation
was a war on the Constitution. It was nothing but
khold and absolute assumption of .despotic power,
which would wrest from'the people the tight of self
govern ment.
No State .could be safe with such a power sus
pended' over it. No stronger disunion document
was ever issued in this country. Those who sanc
tion it are ready to yield their liberty, and confess
themselves . slaves. He spoke about arbitrary - ar
rests, etc., and said that any man in the Executive
office, who usurps power under the, miserable, de
testable 'subterfuge of "military ecessity," de
serves to be' called a tyrant. The Abolition creed
- was short,_but full of honor and blood.. Secession
ists furnished the fire,- and the Abolitionists the
fuel to 'kindle the conflagration now sweeping
through the land. Withdraw the fuel, and the fire
- of Secession will soon burn out. He had no hope
of reunion under the present radical pelicy. The
'Democratic party of the North and South would
crush out both Secessionists and Abolitionists r and
snatch the Government from ruin. • •
Mr: WILSON read the Crittenden resolutions,
heretofore adopted by the. House, deciaring.that the
present deplorable war was caused by the disunion-
iets — of the South. For
now
the gentleman from
Kentuelcy voted; tint the same gentleman de
dares that the war was brought about by Abolition
ists. He (Mr. Wilson) accepted the declaration as
expressed by the gentleman under his oath,.while
he repudiated - the sentiment of the speech.
The committee then rose, and the House adjourned.
PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE.
HARRISBURG, Jan. 21, 1863
SENATE..
The Senate met at 11 o'clock, and was opened with
prayer by BevAkir. Robinson, of Harrisburg.
Petitions.
Meson. STEM' and MOTT each presented peti
tions from . Lehigh county, for the passage of a law
to prevent the Lehigh. Navigation Company from
building dams above Mauch Chunk, and empower
ing it to build a railroad in lieu thereof.
- Mr. STEIN piesented petitions from Northamp
ton county,• for power to levy a special tax to reim
burse those who have advanced money to pay boun
ties to volunteers.
Mr. REILLY, a petition for the recharter of the
Farmers' Bank of-Schuylkill county.
Mr. ROBINSON, a remonstrance from a maiority
of The stockholders of the Mifflin County - Bank
against the proposed change iri its charter. -
' Reports of. Committeei.
The following bills were reported favorably :
To extend the charter of the York County Mutual
Insurance Company • the supplement to the Howard
Sunday-School Building Association; the bill re
quiring the Quakake Railroad Company to fence
their road in Rush township, Schuylkill county.
Bills Intioduced.
Mr. RIDOWAY, a to incorporate the Corn
Thcchange Association, of Philadelphia.
Mr. DONOVAN, a bill to repeal the charter of
the Navy Yard, Broad-street, and Fairmount Pis
senger Railway Company.
Mr..BTEYN a bill directing the recovery of the
priricipat andlnterest due the Commonwealth from
persons holding lands by locations and office titles.
Bilis Considered:
The bill relative to foreign attachments and at
tachments in 'exeCution, which. authorizes the at
tachment of money in tie hands of municipal cor
porations, came up in order on third reacting, and,.
after discussionywas postponed., . • .
The bill to Incorporate the Corn Exchange Aim.'
elation of Philadelphia as called up by Ur. RIDG
WAY, and passed finally..
The bill dividing Mill Creek township,•in
son county, came up in order on third reading,And;,
gave rise to a long discussion. The-Speaker ruled;
it out of order, under the fifthjoint rble prohibiting.
legislation where the courts have power. • :
On motion of Mr. CONNELL, the bill for the re-.
lief of the stockholders of the Frankford Lyceum was;
'Considered and passed finally.
On motion of Mr. NICHOLS, the bill for the ex•cc
tension of Bedford street, in the 'city of Philadel- . ;
phis, was considered and passeck - to third reading,l
and postponed. Adjourned. .
HOUSE
.
The lloulieVaa &died twordei by Speaker CTESS
NA atit A. Pt.' 117
[Pay of the SOl4l:eiv:
• The SPEAKER presented a communication from
a member of the Pennsylvania Reserve, Corps, com
plaining that the most of them have not received
• their pay for about seven months, and iietting" forth
the sufferings of their families and those•who are
cumbent upon them for their support;
Bilis Passed•
' An act to pay commissioners for opening of Green
street was, on motion, considered and passed
finally. ,
An act for the opening of Jackson:street, Second
Ward, was also considered'and passed. ,
Approval of the Governor.
The Committee on Federal Relations reported, as
amended, Senate bill, approving:of 'the Governor's
efforts ,to bring wounded Pennsylvanians into this
State. ,
The Alleged Senatorial Corruptions.
• OD motion of Mr. PERSHING, two -additional
_members were• added to the committee to Investigate
.the late alleged Senatorial corruptions.
NEIDIAN, a supplement to. an. act. o. ineor
-porate the Bethlehem Railroad. ' • '
Mr. SMITH, of Philadelphia, an act extending
the time for the payment of the enrollment taxon
the act incorporating the Philadelphia-, and. New
Jersey Perry Company. :
Dlr. BARGER, a. supplement to in act incorpo
rating the _Philadelphia, Germantown, and; Norris
town-Railroad.
Mr. McGEE,' an act to repeal' an, act of 2d , April,
-1846, requiring moneys and. asset& not-at interest - to
be tatted :: , ' - . - •:'"
Report from tite.Auditor crenerol.
A report iirai received. from the *.u.ditor•Gmneral
inTeference to a loan for'arming- the Stafe. ~The re,
port sets forth that all the bonds,,to the. - amowit .of
$3,000,000; ivere subscribed- for and : taken,: atrpar.,
None have pet been redeemed
The Election of State Treasurer..
Mr. FOSTER introduced, the following.resolutionf
• Whereat, It is of vital importance.to,the•perpetui
t3r of our. free institutions and; to the citizens of
'Pennsylvania that the electoral: franchise be pre ,
served inviolate; and
• Whereas,..lf has been extensively repor_t4
an and be
lieved by many, that unlawfuleaus wereemployed
to prOcure the election ofaState Treasurer on Mon
day last ; and ,
Whereas, It is - due , hi. those on. whom suspicion
may rest, - as also, to. the- citizens of this Come:ion
monwealth, that this siabject bei nvestigated; there
fore
Resolved,. That ft committee of five.be appointed to
examine the facts in, the ease, with authority to
send for . persons and papers, and that- they report to
this House.,
The resolution Ivan adopted. Adjourned
From BOston.
BosroN, Jan. 21..—A detachment of the Maine 7th"
Regiment were escorted through the city to-day by.
the Boston Light Infantry, 'Under-Major Oharles
Rogers. The. Maine veterans rr
_received aentlitie
astic welcome: They will reach New - York iii the
morning.- •
Governor. .ztdrew to-day recommended the Le
gislature, to take measures to secure the prompt
payment or the -IVlassaChusetts soldiers, especially
those having families dependent upfn them ibr sup
port, and suggests that tie , Legislature authorize,
the State Treasurer to borrow money 'from tree
banks to. advasee:to the soldiers.
'lesson Charles Scudder, a ivell-kturiirri, merchant;
Of this city, - died-to-day.
From• C*Lifornia4
•PSAII• F.R . ANOISVOi ;JAM -billots for;
Senator were taken last night. The.last - vote re
sulted as follows.: .. • „ .
S
- • • ••• 361Conneits:::.. 25
Sergeant 8111171009 a. 6
. .
.. The "indketiona now. art) that .none of the candi
dates now promirent befsamthe Legislature will be
elected, and. a search• in Weedy being made for. a
eompromise,eandidates e. ' •
The ateam6t► Golden Age`aailed to-day for Panama,
with tltteenrpaissengers and1i,a36,660 in.treasure for
!lug/gna t : funk $354,000 for New. York_
The • Gale44: 7 New York.
YOtiii-Tafil2L - =il:+ery.heary gale is blow
ing to night . damage : hai
Yetbeenkreported -to the ihipiiiiig:•'Thel - •Noewich
and. othei_Sound' boats left ekt Afie 4 ustml
steamerrthetiNeW,O..4eina to4l4ibut
she has fveolinyly anchored beton?: • •
THREE CENTS.
NATIONAL FINANCES.
Wiest official Report of the Commissioner of
Internal 'lt alterrne — The'Operattons of the
Revenue An are Entirely Sueeessful-Es
.timated Aggregate Revenue for the Filmed
Year ending fist June next $18,000,000-
New Regulot ions Iffecessary ter Govern the-
USe of Stamps, Stse. •
TI3I:ABt 33 0 EFA415 - TrE.V.r,
. OFFICE OF INTERNAL .12EV1351:E, Jan, 13, 18Ri, •
Sin : 1- have the honor to , submit the - following,
statement concerning the organization of thifroffice,
and the present condition of its•business, It is pot
in my power to furnish the facts - contemplated in the
33d section of the Excise Law; nor will the' facts
therein required deaerveconakleration until one year .
of experience, at least, from the first of September,
1862;
I entered upon my duties, as Commissioner of In
ternal Revenue, on the 17th day of July last, and;.
although the organization of the office ie now near
ly accomplished, the returns of assessors-and collect
ors are not yet so general and complete in their
character as to enable me to furnish statistics of im
portance as the basis of an estimate of the . revenue.
to be derived from specific subjects of taxation. The'
States not in actual rebellion have been divided into
collection districts, corresponding in number, gene
sally, to the Representatives to which they will be
severally entitled in the 38th Congress. An assessor
and collector have been appointed in each. The'
whole number of districts is 183, including two , ins
Virginia not filled by appointment of assessors and
collectors.
The assessors and collectors have been required to.
make returns of the number of deputy collectors and'
assistant assessors, and the residence of each. Col
lectors have also been required to state the amount
of the penal sum of the bond given by each deputy.
The whole number of deputy collectors thus sip- ,
pointed is 898; the number of assistant assessors is
2,ssBmaking an aggregate of collectors, deputy col
lectors, assessors, and assistant assessors of 3,814.
There are also 60 male clerks and 8 female clerks
who have been appointed in the Treasury Depart
ment, and assigned for duty in this office. The whole
number of persons employed in assessing and col
lecting the revenue is, therefore , . 3,882. The number
of assessors and collectors apPmeted does not corse-
Ispond With the number of districts, as there are 'se
veral vacancies existing.
I have not the means, at the present time, of esti
mating., with confidence, the amount of revenue
which will be derived under the excise law of July
1, - 1862. During the last month, I have caused a
careful investigation to be instituted into the seve
sal sources 'of revenue, and an estimate to be made '
of the amount which May be derived fro& each
source.
AcCording to this estimate, there will be received
from all 'sources, except stamp duties, during
.the
current fiscal yeas ending the 30th of June next, the
sum of $61,717,79 1 3. I estimate that the . receipts
from stamp 'duties, during the same period, will
amount to the sum of $15,000,000, making an agg_ te r
gate.revenue of $76,777,799. This result has been'.
reached by the most careful inquiry that could be in
stituted into the amount of the various kinds' of
manufactures, the revenue to be'derived from each,
and by a like easeful inquiry into all the , other
Sources of income. This estimate is less by about
eight millions of dollars than the general estimates
which I had the honor to submit to you early in the
month of December last. I have only to say, that in
the more careful investigation which has recently
been made, the revenue from each source has been
estimated below, rather than above, what may rea
sonably be anticipated. It may be assumed, further;
that without material changes in the business of the
country,.the revenue from the same sources, for the
fiscal year 1863-4, will not be less than $150,000,900.
Before proceeding to estimate the expenses of as. •
sessing and collecting the revenue I desire to ex
press the opinion that an increase in the pay of
assessors is very important, if not absolutely neces
sary. In ninny of the cities and populous districts,
the services of competent persons have been secured
and retained, only by the assurance that such a
recommendation would be made to Congress. It is
of importance to the Government that the assessor
should ben man of intelligent business capacity
and unfaltering integrity. The. compensation pro
vided by law is not adequate for.the services of men
who possess these qualifications. In many cases
. - the expense of procuring a suitable office for the
transaction of public business, and the proper fur
nishing of the same, has consumed the entire com
pensation which the assessor is entitled to receive.
It seems to me that an allowance by the day, or by
the year, is preferable to compensation by commis
'alone. If provision were made to a reasonable
amount for office rent, an allowance of five dollars
per day for the time employed, withotit regard to
the nature of the service performed, might be an
adequate cbmpensation for assessors in much the
larger portion of the country. It would, however,
I think, be necessary, if such should be the general
rule, that the Secretary of the Treasury should be
authorized to allow additional compensation to as
sessors in portions of the country where the ex
penses of living are larger; which compensation .
• should not in any case amount 'to more than thirty
five hundred dollars per annum.
Itinay be deemed expedient to provide that the
salary of assessors in districts which yield a revenue
of $400,000, or less, shall be fixed at $1,500 per
annum ; and that in districts where the annual re
ceipts exceed the sum of $400,000, the assessor shall
• be entitled to receive 1-5 of one per cent. on the ex-.
cess over $400,000, in addition to his fixed salary;
provided, that in no case shall such commissions
and salary exceed the sum •of thisty•five hundred
dollars per annum. In this connection it may be
proper to suggest, also, that the Government should
furnish to each collector, and to- each assessor,- a
suitable safe for the preservation of the books and
moneys belongieg to the Government.
"Assuming that some additional eompensation will
be allowed to assessors, I have made the following
estimate of the) annual expenses-of collecting the
revenue, viz : For expenses of assessing the taxes,
the sum of ten thousand deniers in each collection
district, or a total of $1,830,000..F0r the oollectionof
the taxe.ssiMeach district ; s the sum of eight thousand
dollars, or $1,464,000 in all. For-stationery, seventy
thousand dollass.r , For advertising by assessors and
• collectors, tlitity ss— thousand dollars. For eateries
of Commissioner !end clerks in the office of Internal
Revenue, one hundred and twenty thousand dollars.
For blankliookrand : advertising, ten thousand dol
lars. For printspg,stamps, eighty-five thousand dol
len. Fos stamp agency at Philadelphia, seven thou-'
sand and five hundred dollars. Total, three million
six hundred and sixteen thousand five hundred dol
lars. The only remaining item of expenditure is that
of printing. .Of this I make no estimates.
. These estimates of receipts and expenditures sfinw
that the cost of assessing and collecting the taxes,
under the present system, will be 2 41-100 per
centiam ; and I have .the strongest confidence that,
in the States now acknowledging the authority of
the Constitution, the expense can never exceed 3
,per -cent . When the authority of the Government
is se-established in the rebellious States, the ex
penses' will be' increased without a proportionate
.increase in receipts. The returns received show
that the expenses of collecting taxes in the Territo
ries are altogether disproportionate to the income;
indeed, the income will basely meet the cost of col
. lection. •It may be deemed wise economy to limit
the operation of the tax law : to the-States. This re
lief would encourage immigration, and ultimately
increase the revenues of the country.
.
When. .I entered upon the duties of the office,
the' subject which first engaged my attention,
was the . preparation of revenue stamps. By
.the provisions of the - law, it was necessary that
• each stamp should indicate 'upon its face the.
nature of the paperor instrument to which it was
-to be aPplied.This requisition involved the pre
, potation of a huge number of engravings and dies,
. which- should be dissimilar in design or in appear--
• since. As the time was limited for so great an un
dertaking, and, in case an attempt should be made
to procure stamps of various designs, the risk. of
failure, in some instances at least, would be great,.
--it was:thought advisable that the leading feature
in-each should be the same. Upon consultation,.
and with your approval, the head. of Washington,
. after Stuart's painting, was adopted. Proposals, a,
- copy of which is herewith transmitted, were issued.
':on-the 26th day•of July, 1862. On the 6th day of
August,, the bids were opened in the presence of, the •
- hidden, and the contract was awarded to Messrs..
.Butler 31. Carpenter, of Philadelphia, at the price of
thirteen cents-per thousand, deliverable in Philadel
-phis, or thirteen ande, half cents per .thousand,
liverable in Washington; their- bid being much
more advantageous to the Government than any
other.
. During the months of. October, Novembersand. a
portion of December lest, the supply of stamps, both
in amount and kind, was inadequate, and the office
was unable to meet the demand made upon it. Con
sequentlys-Many orders remained unanswered, in
whole orin pan, for a long period:of time.. In.some
cases complaints were made, but I. am. not aware
that any neglect could justly have been attribute
tlesinder the circumstances that existed, either to
the contractors or to,thia office. At the present time,
the supply of stamps, of every kind, is equal to. any
probable demand that can be made. The arrange
ments- of this office are: such, that stamps will be
forwarded from Philadelphia within three days after
'the receipt of the orders. The system of checks, and
guards adopted is such' as justifies the belief that
losses to the -Government cannot occur, either-in
connection With the receipt otmoneys or. the distri
bution of stamps.
' It is but simple justice to say that-the-contractors
bave.displayed great energy and a- good. degree , of
taste in the prosecution of the work.aasdithe prepare
-lions of the engravings. Had thelawbeenso framed
originally that a stamp of a given s denontination.
could have been used for its value urion_any , instrus
ment, without regard to its kind, the work , of. pre
paring the stamps would have been, much dimins
ished, and the public would have been supplied at an
earlier date. • The supplemental act of the 25th day
of December last permits the use of - stamps without
regard to the nature of the instrument to which they
t are applied. - It will; however, be advisable to retain
the existing distinctive characteristics, inasmuch as
Persons engaged in particular pursuits, sushi as, life
or fin insurance, for. example, will prefer, stamps
specially designed for-their use. As the diesere•ert.
graved and plaWe are prepared, these- stamps-can
now be furnished at lessicost thanwould.be incurred
in the preparation 'of new stamps of. as general
character.
• Numerous applications have been made. for the
establishment of stampagencies-in different portions
of the country. These apidications have been uni
-formly declined, not only in obedience to the plain
provisions of the law, butalso from. a. firnsconvietiosi
that :it would be unwise in the• Government to en
courage the establishment of, such. agencies. The
law authorizes . the allowance of a, commission to
thOSti who purchase stamps in sumts, of not leas
thant fifty dollars., Under thiesalithOrity, the fol
lowing Commissions are allowed s.
On,p•Sinhases.o4 $5O 2or mere,. per centton.
• . .6‘ 1 00• cc • • 3
It " I, sog it. 5, -
u.
It ii.belleved.that these rates-will scsedist private
-enterprise the,t, stanapa l will, be furnished for sale in
evesy.aection of- the country. if, however, the com
mm,slim now alloweO by lam should ; prove Made
(Nate to seesira this. result, itwould; be wiser to in
dame the commission thitato. appoint agents for
the sale oS stamps., In the latter ease the number
of agents.must battery, large s stamps must be delis.
vered on. credit I, and, eneu bo wl s with sureties,
were given fez - ultimate payment, the loosest,
would be id es, and the probable. loss of interest: :
would not ; be was than two.per cent on the ague
gate Wes. Under the present arrangement stamps,
are •bot delivered in any case except upon, the.
receipt of the money. At the close of bushiesa
each 'day the Government is able to avail, itself,
of such sums as have been received; while, if .
[damps were deposited in small amounts, email:Oita;
l arge number of persona indifferent sectioaami. the.
country, -no 'reliance could be placed upon, the
ceipts from 'this source of revenue. It is sls6mot to
be csverlooked that, by the present plan, ouesystenf
ofsaceount, in connection with the sale of stamps,
la 'very simple and safe ; but, should depositaries be
estabfished over the whole country, the. bustwalsof
'this office would be largely increased, and ; somplis
,
sated: If agents are appointed, the- numbeiehould
' be limited to mein each State of those mast distant
from the seat of Government. 1 1 / 4 :1 • stamps, should
be sold upon the•termeldloptedlerS t 1 .4-*4 l /O'doo , of
States at the Office of Internal Ikeyentissand,the
cciniliesisation to the agent . slitaild, im paid froM the
appropriations for the supportotihis offine,- . . • -.1
• I suggest, as an important alteration needed In the
stamp act, that, whenever an, instrument requiring a
stamp is - executedsin a lorelgn otonntry,:the.stamp
may be affixed and cemeelled by, any -party within
the United States entrusted with 'thesousbAy . of
such instrument. ,
• .. It may be expedient to so alter. the. law :tiat ifie
stamps required upon .bonds, 'secured by mortgage,
'shall correspoind,in amount 'le - the .stamps required
tmon proinissoit notes. - •
In the idteliaishatlon of the duties of thitefflee, I
have felt the necessity of a solicitor or le-gal,advmes.
Its tiddition to the labor of organizing a' er s tem
.wbich.sheuld atones embrace thesassestaMesit: and
• 011ectiop Of , taieis,aProper accountabilitsstiponthe
part ofiluitteisstin and collectors, and - the Administra
tion of : the - central office, I have_ been-under theee•
sesaity i constantly; of interpreting and explainin g
THE WAR PRESS.
(PUBLISHED WE LL)
VIZ WAS Pane will be cent to subscribers by
mall (per aunt= in advance) at 112.(10.
live .. •• ‘. 0.00
Ten " " .. 17.00
Twenty COPIEI4" 173.00
Larger Clubs than Twauty wilt lie charged at tha
i same rate. 81.60 per copy.
17e mono must always aceempant; the order, arta
i.lln. no Instance can these terms he deetatedfrom, as thee
afford very tittle more than the cost of ail Paper.
inr - Postmasters are requested to act as Agents fee
i a l‘irit Wes PRESS.
4 'c if' To the getter-up of a Club of tea or twenty, 3,11
lop) , of the Paper will be given.
i nromegtra
__ _
the law. The decisions have been very nunte
the questions submitted should hive
received nd ve a dtl. .l e individual attention and best judg.
inert of a ,skillful and experienced lawyer. The
'
necessity for the services of such person will
not be less hereafter. Prom the nature of things,
,
controversies 1. 11 / 1 arise between parties as-
Seated and the (It.yrernment, and in all such cases,
instructions and at.yice of a legal character should
be given to assessors collectors. It is also to be
anticipated that in .*lnnierous cases* taxes will Ire
paid under protet; au, t ts , will be commenced against
collectors and some pr,Tigioll should . be' made for
furnishing these officials With legal advice* and as-
Matinee. It will likewise ix-necessary for collectors'
to institute legal procceu'isgs against delinquents ,
under, and violations of the l-aw. Thus far,•the law
has not only not been resitled, but these' (Altera
have been accepted and welct - Mailand - rite' etrperi
enee of the country justifies the statement that the
measure, in plan and detail, ' , was - framed' With a
high degree of wisdom. In many ttiffing• particu
lars the law will require amendzdents ; but in - this
communication I desire to call attention - to those
defects only which I deem most important "in 'ciao
racier.
It became necessary„ fiery early, 'establislS a'
rule or teat by which 'to decide, in r. giVen cape,-
whether a particular article or product was; or was.
not, a manufacture under the law; and - -conse
quently. subject to, or exempt from, taxation. As
the law itselfwas framed with direct reAtfence to
manufactures, and the sale of manufactured goods,
I Saw no way open for the satisfactory settlement
of such questions except to appeal to the =ages of
business men. Hence, I have decided that any
article made by hand or machinery, and known to
commerce as an article of traffic, and not exempt
Under the law, must be regarded as a manufacture,
and subject to taxation as such. It was, of course,
well understood by Congress that many mant:fac
tures, which are complete in themselves, and artistes
well known to commerce, are yet the materials out
of which other manufactures are produced. It must
also have been understood by Congress that, under
any possible construction of the law, the same artt
ides or materials would be taxed two or more timely
in different manufactures. By the express pro
visions of the law, raw cotton was subject to a tax
of half a cent per pouud; and cotton goods manu
factured were subject generally to a tax of three
per-cent, ad valorem. Leather is subject to a spe
cific tax, and all manufactures of leather are also
subject to a three-per-cent. ad valorem tax.
• By the construction which I have been called ne
cessarily to give to the law some articles are taxed
three and even four times. In most cases the several
taxes are levied upon articles which are consumed
chiefly or altogether within the limits of the United
States ; and if the tax be uniform upon all producers
and manufacturers, the only effect is to increase the
cost of the articles to the consumer.
.I am not aware .that the tax will be so great in
any case as to materially diminish consumption. It
is not; however, to be overlooked tint this subject
of taxation tends to aggregate business in the hands
of men who are able to carry on the processes of manu
facturing an article in all its stages.
It would be manifestly unjust to allow an indivi
dual to manufacture leather, and from the leather
manufacture shoes, paying. a duty only on the last
product. The law provides that whenever a manu
facture is removed for consumption, the manufac
turer is liable to pay the tax on the article so re
moved. Under this. provision of law I should feel
bound to hold that a manufacturer of leather and of
shoes would be liable to taxation. upon the leather
whenever it was removed for consumption or menu
fabtures. • •
The legality of such a- ruling is not free from
doubt,. and I, therefore,. respectfully suggest such
an alteration of the law as-to provide that whenever
'a manufacturer shall use, or shall remove for con
sumption or use, any artioles, goods, wares, or mer
chandise, which if removed for sale would be liable
to taxation as manufapturest,. he shalt be assessed
'Upon the saleable value of thearticles, goods, wares,
or merchandise, so used, or so removed for consump
tion or use. In the absence of legislation upon this
point, and of authority under .the law for ruling
List indicated, it would be impossible that the exist
g divisions and subdivisions of labor in mechanical
and manufacturing pursuits should longer continue.
A change in this particular would not only be die
• estrous to a large number of mechanics and. manu
facturers, but would essentially and perniciously
affect the prosperity of the country. The uncer
tainty existing in the public mind upon this point,
has already affected business- unfavorably, and if
suffered longer to exist will. be likely. to produce
formidable opposition to the whole revenue system.
I cannot, therefore, too strongly urgetheimportance
of legislation upon this subject.
There are a limited number- of , articles-which are
plainly manufactures, but which, as manufactures,
are but slightly increased in.value over the value of
the material used. I would, therefore, respectfully
suggest that wherever the value of a manufactured
article - does not exceed the value of the - material of
which it is composed by more than five percent. of
the value of such material, the manufacturer should
be exempt from , taxation.
It so often happens in cities-• and large-toivns that
persons in. business remove from one place to an
other, that I feel compelled: to-suggest, respectfully-,
such an alteration of thelaw as-will allow &licensee
'to enjoy a license, granted for a particular business
in a specified place, at any other place to-which he
may remove.
The law itself does not furnish st , rule or test of
universal application, by which a-wholesale dealer
can be distinguished from
.a retail dealer. I-respect
fully suggest, in addition to• the teat already pro
vidvl, that no persona whose sales-are less than
twenty thousand dollars per annum shall be regard
ed as a wholesale dealer. It may also be-expedient
to divide wholesale dealers in two or more classes as
Been sees, according to the-annual amount of-business.
It.has happened, in many cases, that illegal assess
ments have been made; and, in seine instances, the
money so assessed has been paid to collectors anddc
posited in the Treasury. t Other" - alinfiar instances
will arise. It seems to me that authority should be
given either to the Secretary of- the Treasury or to
the Commissioner of Internalßevenue to refund the
money when E 0 paid or to mese proper allowances
to collectors , when l ists containing such assessments
have been returned, and the collectors have - been
charged with the whole amount thereof.
The experience of the office • has • suggested many
modifications of the law' which promise to be bene
ficial to the Government or oonvenient to the public;
but their, importance is-not such as to justify even
an enumeration.
Information on these several , topics can be pre
sented more satisfactorily in.en informal manner,
either to yourself or to the Committee of Ways ami
Means, as may seem to you expedient.
I desire, in this my first communication upon the
general affairs of tins office to signify my sense of
personal obligation to you ' for the generous confi
dence with which you have honored and aided me in
the discharge of my duties.. .
I am, with highest respect, your obedient servant,
GEO. S. BOUTWELL,
•
. . Commissioner Internal Revenue.
To Hon. S. P. Masi.; Secretary of the Tkeasury.
A Russian► Noble.
.Among the last heard of oddities attracted to Paris
by various motives, is said to be a Russian Prince
of great wealth, his fortune being estimated at the
respectable figure of $650,000 a year. • A Paris cor
respondent of a Canada paper says, he spends much
of his time travelling, and hAving a passion for wild
beasts, curies an extensive menagerie around with
him'. This nobleman, who hasextensive estates in
the Ural' Mountains, containing an emerald mine,
and producing the finest malachite in existence, has
spent immense sums in the purchase of-wild beasts,
and has succeeded in forming a very formidable col
lection, including a lion, twotigers, several panthers,
a pair of hyena; various monkeys, all. excessively
noisy, and other " horrors" too numerous to men
tion. The Prince, on arriving here, took•possession
of the suite of rooms that'had been previously en
gaged for him ; and as he delights in poking up his
Iremendous pets and setting -them itllriutring toge
•ther, previous to feeding them, the dismay of the
• successive layers of tenants who-filled thereat of the
- house. from garret to cellar, may easily be con
ceived.
. The frightful news of the establishment of a mena
gerie of bona fide wild beasts in a private dwelling
foon circulated throughout the neighborhood, throw
ing all the inhabitants into-spasms of. terror. Cbm
plaints poured in upon the , police author! ties. ) .arul
the guardians of tne public peace "transported
themselves" to the prince's lodgings without debaY,
satisfied themselves that the animals were really
• there, informed him that the harboring of these-dan
gerous and noisy pets was-against the law, and
ordered him to get rid of them. The prince; on his
side, set forth the impossibility of• his- givingiv
collection which he had 'formed at so •greata cost,
and on which he had set so high •-a value ; -and en
treated, as he was only passing through Paris, en
route for Livonia, where he has an immensedomain,
with.a chateau, and plenty of accommodatioinfOrbis
beasts, to be allowed to keep thempofibrisig- to.buy
out all the other tenants on terms that would; in
demnify them for the loss and cod of .the removal,
and to take such precautions as the police authori
ties should dictate, againstall danger of the escape
of the animals.
As the house stands alone, and possesses-adarge
internal court round which the cages of the animals
can be conveniently ranged, the difficulty was thus
got rid . of. The other tenants have -quittedl the
building, taking.with them goods and chattels, and a
handsome indemnity paid down at once by the .6ceen
tricitussitua. The latter has rented the entire-house,
and is so much pleased with an arrangement which
leaves him free to give the range of the:pretaises to
his roaring darlings, that he has-determined.to re
main here through the winter.
PERSONIL.
Mr. T. B. Aldrich assumes tliislyeek; the. edi•
torship of the New York Illustrated Neres.
—At lost accounts Paul Pdorphy was in Paris, but
would make no matches at:thane-.
Resolutions of respectte the memory, of,Elisha
Whittlesey, late of the Treasury. Department, have
been entered upon thejournal of the Supreme• (kiwi
of Ohio.
On the 31st of Desemberrideutenant- Colonel
Gareache 17R8 killed at litunfreesboro r ands on the
29th of December Major.. Garesche. was. killed at
Vicksburg. Thus at different points, nearly a thou.
sand miles apart, the two „brothers . have bat their
lives within;two days Of each other. - •
News _has been received: , that Capt. Alfred C.
Price, of the 4th: Alabama: Regiment, who was
wounded.in the battle of , Gaines, itllll,.Va:, died in
Richmond on the '7th of .Tuly, last. Hetwas a son o
Joe. IF,. l;sq., of Talbot county, hid., and only
24 years . of age..
—._The.Goveirnor of "Stith', in his.nzpual message,
" is.sorry to say. that- hes t erceives among that peo
ple. little. szmpathy with the Unita& States." He
condemns polygamy, and warns the Inhabitants.
against its continuance.,
Captain St. Clair. Morton,jor distinguished:.
gallantiy at liTurfreesboro, has been made a brigs &
dier general. by President Lincoln..
La.martilie hag sold his "Memoirs from I3eliond
the Grave"' for forty thousand dollars. This.is
dying to some PurPOse. •
--The lon. T. L. Hendricks, just elected Ifidted
States Senator, from Indiana, for six yearlywaif a
3lepresentatiins in.Congrests. from Indiana from l&M
to 185, In Use- hater yearhe.was appoiMeii
missioner of the. er,eneral Land Office,' hit Rresiden4
Pierce-an office he held loader Mr. Bueianan. •
—John Slidell. KreceiTed,” on New tearN.day l .in.
Paris, and was called .on a good dtial . by persona,of
Secesb
Generailtreckleridge bad (.4te.of his ears talon
off at the battle of Ptfurfreesbc6. I s t allot:Alin, pre,
served in souse. The Gen Ar ea i ussv i ke d j us t as
common thieves are in E.a. - di crA cow:a t r i a&
Count Gurowekl has : p e e n , indicted by the grand
JIM of theDictrint of c>oiunlbla and county 4 1 'iValdi-
Ington for a libel on WT. Hunter, chief olerk of the
State Department.;/ Marshal Lemon arrested bitn,
and he is held t :finilto answer. ' "
=The Pope:4 lls "too unwell to officiate at thi
Christmas fi;,itivities in Rouse. It is said that his
change
rsitem Is seriously affected by any sudden
the witither, and the cauterization in.his
leg;Pridlices a feverish excitement.
Magna& s return to - his.island home in Oat.
'',.'•`rerts" is Made the.subject Oflelaboritte • dezeiriptioit
;by thfcceriesixeidents of
,the English papers. life
:Utter was lefreted. from the frigate Sardinia 'to
tioat, 'and thence removed to the shore. '
The clerks in the, different departientlf of the
Michigan State Admirtistration have iireie4ttd tiro
Governor Blair a silver tea service. costing ssoo4ita
a token of their regard.