novtnM V. FORNEY. Si/iH fourth min. ~C* 'T yTTTTTRRS*, f“ * vs» W***> W Bl to ,ha o *" l **' |o S^" tofthe OUy “ 811 POI.UM MB Ini* MO«S3, ;J , si* Mosths—4av«l»Mr la •»* pß * ss> oat of the OUT * MB Don- hU. l " ialTßnst - JOBWERB^ tij | o^TMNB° N , & o°., -uSKK OF MARKET AND If. STREETS, )( , m tton ot Cash Buyers to * i stools of GOODS, SHAWLS, ETO. IP 30 y.osANSOS. J.O BOMOABDNSa, W-Btili &00.. ;’ 0 CHESTNUT STREET, 5 HABBX.iI 8LO0K,) , s . a iKE NEW STOCK ■' or , 5 j SILKS, from Auction, L (JOODS in great variety, JJia, GLOVES, id, TRIMMING-B, &«., &c., llW fcwo J ai sso «XoLtrsiv»i.r roa oass, ,< * »hi • ' '' OKBAP PBXOEB. Of olty ana ooanhry buyer* U Invited. all 1862 WIEST, & ERVIN, ihfortess and jobbers l) r¥ aOODB. ~ ,»SIB THIRD mill, r*cmsiii.r*iA. .mu (lilting this city to purchase D*T Hoods will find our Stock large u d admirably assorted, and at Lo» Figu**«. In certain classes of Goods we offer inducements to ms aneqaaUed by any other house in Bel6 - 2m [{oB. MELLOR. & Go, litHß IRQ GERMAN IMPORTERS, „ iSD (J SOBTH THIRD BTBBRT. OSIERY, GLOVES. Vtrta and Drawers, 4-4 Linens. mj Woolons, Linen 0. Hdkfa, kaufacturers of Shirt Fronts. jit ____ I FAL h . jftN&a, r»xax%x»'ar. '"i- Y„, Btt OHBBTNUT Street, below Fourth. Minting, Neat and Cheap, BBOWH’B) IU B. »OUBT3 VOL. 6.-NO. 90. READY-MADE CLOTHING. TTERY DESIRABLE V Iff STYLE AND PBIOK, Suitable for the season. fWEROOATS AND \J BUSINESS SUITS, In great variety. WANAMAKER & BROWN, POPULAR CLOTHING HOUSE, OAK HALL, S. E. CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET STS. SPECIAL^DEPARTMENT FOB OUSTOMBB WBBK. no3-tj»l JUNE READY-MADE CLOTHING. a. SOMERS & SON, No. 625 CHESTNUT STREET, UNDER JAYNE’S HAUL, Have non made ay for sale an entire new stock of FINE CLOTHING. Also, a foil assortment of CLOTHS, OASSIMEEBB, and VESTINGS, which they reepectfally Invite the pubUo to examine botore purchasing elsewhere. se27tde3l QLARK’S; ONE DOLLAR BTOEE, 602 CHESTNUT STREET. Silver-plated Ware, Jewelry, Photograph Albums, Travelling Bags. Pocket Books, Port Uonnaies, Oabas, Ac., for SO to 100 per oent less than the regular prices The following is a partial list of articles which we sell at ONE DOLL All EAOH. The same goods are sold at other places from $2 to 88 each : * YOTJB CHOICE FOB ONE DOLLAR ! Ladies' Sets, new and beautiful styles, Do. Pins, Do. Ear Bings, Do. Sleeve Buttons, Do. Guard Chain, Do. Heck do Do. Gold Thimbles, Do. Finger Bings, Do. Pencils, Do. Pens with case, Do. Bracelets, Do. Medallions, Do. Charms, . Do. Pearl Port Monnales, Do. Morocco do. Do. Wire do do. Do. Purses, - f ■ ■ . ■ ■ ■ Do. Card Cases. Infant’s Armlets, Do. Heck Chains. Benia* Vest Chains, different stylos, Do. Sleeve Buttons, do. do. Do. Stnds, do. do. Do. Plus, . do. do. Do. Scarf Fins, do. do. Do. Scarf Bings, do. do. "Do. Finger Bings, do. do. Do. Pen and Case, Do. Pencil, revolving, Do. Tooth Pich, de. Do, Watch Keys, Do, Ohalu Hooks, Do. Chain Charms, Do. -Biii-ntKMgr l - - • ————— Do. Port MouuaJea. BILVEB PLATED W ABE. YOKE CHOICE FOB ONE DOLLAB 1 Setts of Table Spoons, Do, Dessert do. Do. Tea do. j Do. Forks, Pair Butter Knives, • Do Napkin Bings, Knife and Fork, Goblets, Onpß, Sugar Bowls, Cream Cups, Syrup Cups, Butter Dishes, . Caators with Bottleß, YOUlf CHOICE’OF ANY OF THE ABOVE AE TIOLES FOB ONE DOLLAB. 1863. NOTIIE. In order io meet the wants of our iffimer ous customers, we shall keep a Btock andaU Gold Jewelry, together with an assortment oi heavy plated Sliver Ware, and a variety of J- h ® t l Albums and Fancy Goods, which we will sell at Prices which will defy competition. Ladles and Gentlemen ore invited to call and examine our stock. Every ot.ontioa ONE DOLLAB STOBE, cell 2m 802 CHESTNUT Street. IJIHE ABMI! SWORDS, RIFLES, PISTOLS, BELTS, A®. No. 13 NORTH SIXTH STREET, IDE-SPREAD REPUTATION. S There Is no house in the United States that has as wide-spread reputation foT getting up SON’S, Nos. 603 and 606 Chestnut street. the business, they are prompt to fill all orders at moderate prices, and always have a laugh kook oi MarrAii Good* oh baud. t. snodgrass, army, navy, and civil CLOTH HOUSE, No. 34 SOUTH SECOND STREET, and No. 23 STRAWBERRY STREET. I am rally prepared for the FALL AND WIN TUB CAMPAIGN, Having just received a complete atsortment of TRUE BLTJES, Of all shades and grades from ,*1.12t0 $B.OO, Blnee, Black*, and Fancy Bearers, from 200 to 7.60. Bine and Black Kioto ISO to 6 00. Moscow Beaver* 3.76 to 7.00. JCKWimeoxßeaver*.. 3.7 F to 8 00. Tricot Beaver*.. f!8 W Fancy Coating* 176 " “ 00 - CLOTHS* all colors aad prl«i. Also* a heavy stock of«S OASBIMEBES, PLAIN and FANOT YBL VBTS, Ac.. &o. " .... . jIALL STOCK BILK AND FANCY DRESS GOODS. A. W. LITTLE & 06, *e36-2rn Ho. 32* MABKHT BT. gf-ym THE FINEST ASSORT- R jf.ft * MKNT of new, modem,-and durable PI World-renowned HKLODXOBB anl haumOHIUMB, tor caah, at a great reduction, or I* JAMBS B*LLAK,K9«ri gTSontb FIFTH Street, above Sptuoa. “*■*"»* STATIONERY & FANCY GOODS. HO. 1036 WALNUT STBBIT, WWW M^mnwni' Un-tulr n w. BLAKISTON, NO., 22 ■WT« Booth WATEB Street, Dealer in Ohio and Ultooie BBOOM OTBH* DI.ICS, WiB*,TWIKB,*e. oou-ea O.ENTLEMEN’B V3T WINTER CLOTHING, MILITARY GOODS. MILITARY CLOTHING. CLOTHS AND CASSIMERES. SILK AND DRESS ROODS. PIANOS. tTy (M\ . ■f/;| t fxn 5 . SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1862. INVENTIONS.'OF'THE WAR. “ AMERICAN AND ENGLISH AP.Trtr.ERV —THE PRO GRESS WE HAVE MADE—SEW LOCOMOTIVE AND SUBMARINE BATTERIES —IMPROVED EXPLOSIVES AND PROJECTILES. . Below we present a statement of some of the principal experiments and improvements in the soienoeof gunnery, which have been elicited by the present war. To show the Comparative progress of the nation in this branch of knowledge, we likewise present some accounts of experiments with ord nance,’made in England during the past eighteen months. The description of the process by which guns of heavy calibre are oast and proved will have an interest oven to unscientific readers. Al though compelled by our limited space to omit inuoh that would be pertinent, the following arti cle will convey an accurate idea of what we have learned in military science since the rebellien be gan, and how far we have developed the resources that “ Hod and Nature have put into our hands CASTING AND PROVING GUNS— EXPERIMENTS During the past year a company in Portland have oast upwards of fifty eleven-inch Dahlgren guns for the United States navy. These guns will throw a solid shot of 185 pounds, or a shell weighing ISO pounds.; They are oast solid, and afterward turned and bored by machinery, but are not rifled. Sev enteen tons of iron are required for each gun, and to fuse this mass it takes-about 4j tons of ooal, and ooeupies from three and a half to four hours. The process of casting has thus been described: In the first place, six numbers or varieties of iron are used, and after the metal is /used it takes some time to “ bring up” the mixture to the required standard—in other words, it has to ba “ cooked," during which operation the whole mass is boiling, seething, and hissing in the furnace, and the work men occasionally stir it with long iron rods. From the furnaoe a spout extends to the mould, a distance of some twenty or twenty-five feet. The mould is like a well, some fifteen feet deep, and the liquid iron enters it, by side feeders, at the bottom. At the proper moment the fireman taps the furnace, and out gushes the lava-like fluid. Down it comes, hissing and sparkling, filling the spout, and throw ing up brilliant sparks in showers. Nov it is run ning down to the bottom of the mould ; steadily flows the molten river for five minutes, and it is done—the well is full of liquid iron, which, after cooling two weeks, will be taken out a solid mas 3, like a log, weighing seventeen tons. The gun has then to be turned and bored. When finished, it is about thirteen and a half feet in length. Many hundreds of Parrott guns have been cart; during the year, at tjie Parrott foundry near West Point, which employs five hundicd hands. After casting in the manner above described, they are transferred to the turning platform, where they are out down to the proper diameter, after which they present the appearance of highly polished steel. They are next bored out and passed into the hands of the rifler. . The process of rifling is by a simple gouge working so as to give the proper t wist. ; One groove is made at a time. The gun now passes into the shop to receive its wrought iron band. This surrounds the breech, and is about one-fifth the length of the cannon. Itism de of a wrought iron bar, varying from two to six incheß square, accord ing to the calibre. This bar is heated to a white heat, and then twisted into a spiral and welded into a cylindrical mass by a powerful trip hammer. The .diameter of the band is little less than that of the breech of the gun. It is made red hot, and while expanded fixed upon the breech of the gun, whore it shrinks firmly into its place, and forms almost a solid portion of the cannon. At the distance of toree miles 200-pound shot can he thrown so as to fall within the space of twenty feet square. The initial velocity of the ball is twelve hundred feet per seoond. and the whole distance is accomplished in about seventeen seconds. : The power of the 100-pounder Parrott has besn tested upon wrought iron plates, thicker than the -armor of the Monitor. At a distance of fifty feet a plate eight and a half inches thick, incited at an ~ancle.of_twenty degrees, was broken through the have been seft to" variooiriOT-™.-—-i-o;. Widtud of the army—lo, 24.100, and 200 pounders, with others of intermediate calibre. It was a 200-pound Parrott gun which caused the evacuation of fork town, and the retreat of Beauregard from Corinth. The first fifteen-inch gnn used on any vessel was cast at the Fort Pitt works for the Monitor battery Passaic, launched some months ago. As it is somewhat of a monster, it may he worth while to gfafc it 3 diuifcssionß Maximum diameter - - Minimum (rough) - Minimum (finished) * Bore - ■ - - ■ Length of gun 13 feet T inches Pounds , Weight of rough casting - - -68 000 Weight of finished gun ... 42.000 Weight of solid shot:, - - - - “0 Weight of shell - - - ' * Maximum of service charge of powder Xtoseguns are of the Dahlgren pattern. A new foundry has been built expressly for their easting. The mould is placed equidistant between two fur- Egors, thus simplifying the labor materially. the process of proving one of these guns has been thus described: The 11- inch and 9 inch navy guns are taken out on the ordinary platform ears,, and r. n out on the snitch beneath a stout “overhead railway” by meaßßof which they are transferred, when swung up by screws, to the proper position for firing the regu'ar proof of ten service charges. In order to sustain tbqenormous weight of the 15-inch guns, it has been necessary to rebuild the entire frame in the most substantial manner, and set up a “ trian gle” of massive proportions. This triangle is formed by the framing together of two sets of • timbers in the shape of triangles, upon the apex of which a massive cross timber rests on semi-circular bearings, Brora this cross timber depend the heavy rods by Which the gun is supported—two encircling the trnnions, and the other pair, much lighter, em bracing the breech and supporting its prepondera ting weight. The first three loads to be fired are proof charges, composed of fifty pounds of Rod man’s mammoth- grain’d powder and shells of three hundred and fit teen pounds. As the firing of such an enormous load is a very severe test, the utmost anxiety was felt as the lanyard was pulled and the gun discharged. The report which followed was by no means as heavy as might-have been expected. The =hell struck, the ground a short distanoe in front of the muzzle, glanced up slightly, and pass ing through an immense pile of dirt in the “ bul lock pen,” buried itself in the hill beyond. The recoE was tremendous—in the second round break ing a detective breech-rod, and bringing the trial for the day to a summary conclusion. A muzzle-loading gun of 120 pounds calibre, made upon a principle which combines Armstrong’s 1 “ coE” with Whitworth’s “ hexagonal rifling,” has been tried at Shoeburyness. The target was a built-up section of .the Warrior's side, with 4i-iuch iron plates, 18 inches of teak backing, and an inner lihin® of iron of five-eighths of an inch. It is stated, however, that the plates were of inferior metal to that used In previous experiments. Against this target, at a range of 600 yards, was fired a solid hexagonal shot of 129 .pounds weight. . It struck the shield close to the spot at which it was aimed, a bright sheet of flame marking the concussion, iust, we are told, as if a gun had been fired in reply. It then passed straight through the iron plates and remained fixed in the teak, causing the inner skin to bulge and rend in many places, so as to cause a leak which nothing could stop in an actual vessel. The trial was deemed conclusive of the effect of these flat-fronted shot upon iron-plated shiPß. But the experiment with sheU was still more extraordinary in its results. One of these tremendous missiles, loaded with 3 lbs. S oz. of powder, and weighing 131 lbs., went completely through the whole target, bursting, apparently, on striking the inner lining, and sending its fragments like a storm of hail right over what would have been the main deck of the Warrior. A Mr. Ritner, of Indiana, has made some novel experiments in gunnery. He holds thefidea. that penetration is due to momentum, and thus that a leaden shot will pierce iron or steel armor when iron shot will not. After being refused attention at the ordnance office Governor Morton furnished Mr. Ritner the means for experiments. The result was, that a ten-pound conical leaden ball, at long range, with a light charge of passed through a target plated with two iron slabs, each one inch in thickness. A rotary motion is given to the shot by a contrivance which is so simple as to do away with the Jameß and Hotchkiss mode. An India-rubber patch is put down upon the chirge. that, by expansion, fills the grooves of the. gun, and communicates a spiral motion, as in the James projectile. An experiment with the Armstrong 300-pounder gun was thus reported in an English journal some weeks ago : “ The 300-pounder Armstrong gun was, on Monday, again used at Shoeburyness, against iron plates, at a range of 200 yards. The target presented a portion, of the side of the new class of steam frigates The arm* is Si inches thick, in • toad of 4i, as in the Warrior, but the thickness of the teak backing is reduced from 18 inches to 9. For the first three trials the shot was of cast iron, ,nd the charge 50 poundß, as usual. No. 1 struck and pierced the centre plate, damaging but not passing through the inner skin and framing. No. 2 struck : the upper plate, and went completely through armor, timber, and skin. No. 3 was di -eeted against the lower plate, like No. 2, oc3o- m PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY. NOVEMBER 15, 1862. passed quite through the target. At the fourth round the gun gave way , the breech being blown backwards to a distance of 30 or 40 yards. The gun did not break into fragments, and no one was hurt. H. F. Mann, Esq., lndiana, has in vented a breeoh-loading eight-pounder rifled gun. It is made of steel, about six feet in length, three inch bore, and requires three-fourths of a pound, of powder to throw a projectile of eight pounds. Wo " understand that its range and accuracy were tested at the Washington Navy Yard,,and. found to be all right. The following, from an English paper, is an ac count of some recent experiments in that oountry: '• The experiments at Shoßburyness continue, by way of proving that the offensive power of rifled artillery, of the newest and most approved kind, is greater than the resisting properties of the obstacles hitherto to them. This has been clearly demonstrated by Mr. Whitworth’s guns and pro jectiles, by Sir .William Armstrong’s, and, finally, by the great monster gun presented to the Govern ment by Messrs. Horsfall, of Liverpool. The shot from this last enormous weapon penetrated a target thicker than the thickest plates which can, con sistently with safety," be put into war ships. Hitherto the belief has been that shells could not pierce two-inch iron plates, and, acting on this as sumption, the Danish, Prussian, and Russian Gov ernments have constructed gunboats for their respective countries. Mr. Whitworth’s rifled can non has, however, shown that the idea is altogether erroneous.” The Horsfall gun has also bees experimented; with in England. The gun is said to be capable of throwing a 300-pound spherical shot. The target constructed for the occasion was a mass of four and a half inch armor plates, bolted to eighteen inches of solid teak, in beams of nine inches thick, laid, transversely. The distance from the gun to the target was two hundred yards. The first shot was fired with a charge of 75' pounds of powder and a’ 270 pound shot. The result of this discharge was sufficient to render all further experiments unne cessary. The shot smashed a clear hole through the armor plate andtimber backing, piercing the target through and through. i KOVEL DESCRIPTIONS OF FIRE-ARMS. An Albanian has invented a new gun for light field use and guerilla warfare. It is breech-load ing. simple, and throws a pound ball. The prin ciple cud be applied safely, it is alleged, to guns of larger calibre. The breech extends about eighteen inches beyond the fuse hole. In this solid exten sion is cut a groove, in range with the bore of the gun In.this groove plies an iron plunger, which forms the ramrod and stop. It can be loaded and fired easily in four seconds, and can bo drawn arid worked by two men. A revolving gun has been talked of by Cincin nati papers which will discharge from one hundred aid ninety to two hundred shots per minute. The construction is exceedingly simple. Six rifle bar rels, of; the size and calibre of the Springfield rifl •, are placed in a circular frame of solid iron, in which are also placed the locks and springs which produce the explosion. The regulation cartridge of 58 100 calibre is loaded into a cast-steel chamber some three inches long and capped.- These cham bers, to the number of fifty, are placed in a hop per, from whence, they fallone by one into cavities prepared for them at the rear of the barrel in the same iron frame. A rotary motion is Imparted by a crank, attached to mitred gearing fixed in the breach, and the fifty charges are discharged in six teen seconds, or at the irate of one hundred and ninety or two hundred per minute. Several hun dred chambers are attached to each gun ( and as the attendants can load them as fast as they are fired, thousands of shots can be made without any neces sity of intermission. - . Tbe>Scie?;(y?c American said some months ago, Mr. Thompson, a German, has brought to our office a musket with a barrel six’ feet long, and without any lock, which is designed to receive forty charges at the same time, to be fired in succession," one after another, by fuses running through the bullets.. A fuse extends from the upper charge to. the muzzle, and .when the soldier is ready to commence bis fire, he lights his fuse and then has nothing further to do than to aim his piece at one enemy after another, the gun keeping up thp fire till the whole forty charges are exhausted. The time between the discharges is regulated at will in the construction of the fuses whioh pass through the bullets, and ex perience has shown*that about two seconds is the proper time, to permit a careful aim to be taken. Thus, thirty shots may be fired in a minute, a’l with accurate aim. ’ , A coffee-mill gun” has been invented by a.. will throw from^sixtya steel meter of about five eighths of an inch,' and This barrel fits at the breeoh into an open socket, which com ects with a revolving wheel whose peri phery is grooved or fluted by a series of chambers to receive the cartridge cases, which drop from a hopper above into their places as the wheel re volves. These cartridge cases are independent chambers of steel, which are prepared or “loaded” beforehand. Each chamber, by the revolutions of the wheel, is brought into position so'as to form, a oartof the barrel, precisely like the chambers in a revolving pistol, and is at that moment discharged. It is then thrown out by the onward motion of the wheel ana another Jakes its place. In the • early part of the war some of these guns were furnished, through the instrumentality of Governor Dennison, to several Ohio regiments. Two of them were at the battle of Fort Donelaon, but were not brought into action. T According to the London Timet two. of Mr. Lan casters cast-iron guns, strengthened upon his im proved system, have been severely tested in the bombproof cell in Woolwich Arsenal, with a view of ascertaining their utmost amount of durability. The improvement consists in the gun being Pclad throughout with longitudinal layers or bars o wrought iron, hooped over with rings of the same metal. The test is stated to have been exceedingly satisfactory. One of the guns has so far resisted every effort to burst it. The second only gave way at the breech after having been fired several rounds loaded to the muzzle. .. ; . The Spencer.breech-loading rifle, recently in vented by a gentleman of Boston, is claimed to bo the best breech-loading rifle in use. The butt of the gun is perforated, and by means, of a spiral spring a succession of eight cartridges are in turn supplied so rapidly that eight charges havo been jßred in ten seconds. The magazine can be reSilecr in less time than is required to load an ordinary rifle. No cap is required, a metallic cartridge being used with a conical ball; the cartridge also contain ing the fulminating powder, which exerts its full force to assist in projecting the ball, thus reducing materially the amount of powder required. The extreme range of the gun ia one mile. It is effec tive for ordinary purposes of warfare at a distance of 300 yards, or half a mile ; and in the hands of an experienced shot certain to hit an object the size of a man 400 yards off, or one-fourth of a mile. Fifty cartridges weighless than four pounds, so that it will be seen that a man can carry a large amount j of ammunition. They are perfectly watervoof, ! and can be safely carried anywhere. ": Inches. -48 - 88 - 2Si - 15 IMPROVED EXPLOSIVES. A new gunpowder was tried, at the late h'rankfor shooting-feast, apparently with success. Its merits are a lower price, a less weight, a more effectual action than the general powder, to which a more important merit is added-that after thirty shots jt left the barrel as clean as it was Jbefore’firiftg. Its color is yellowish brown, it is granular, and looks like decayed wood ground small. The inventor is a Prussian artillery oaptain in Spandati, and his invention is being tested by the Prussian Govern ment . ; . , J \ , ,» We hear a great deal of a white gunpU,rder. fil, Pohl, a German chemist, stated, in dhe London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical for Jnlv, that prussiate of potash 20 parts, sugar 23 and chlorate'of potash 49 parts, make good white gunpowder. In exploding this powder, 100 parts ot it yielded 4T.44 of gaseous produots and, 52 56 solid residue. Ordinarily black gunpowder furnishes only 31.3 S of gaseous products and 68.08 of solid residue. The efficacy of gunpowder is measured by tbo gases whiob are produced from it by explosion, An equal weight of --whits gunpow der will produce 1.67 times the explosive effect of the black. In order to obtain the same effect on projectiles and in mines, only 60 parts of white powder will be required for 100 parts of the com mon kind. The residue of the white being as 31.53 to 68 of the black, it is more cleanly, while the heat generated when it is ignited is much lower, A Mr. Hudson, in a communication in the C/n -mical News, however, states that he made several samples according to M. Pohl’s receipts, and found that when he mixed the materials moist, then dried them at 150 deg. Pah., the powder was very liable to explode with friction—it was indeed percussion powder This was not the case when they were mixed dry. He says: “A cannon loaded with white gunpowder goes off on the application of few drops of sulphuric acid applied at the touch hole, The property of this gunpowder may possi bly be applied to some advantage in the prepara tion of bomb-shells for long ranges. These shells would not explode until they strike the object, if filled with white powder, and contain a smdl glass vessel:with sulphuric acid. No explosion of the shell would tak® place in the air, as is too often the ca «e with the ordinary fuse shell.” ' But what matters it whether gunpowder be brown, black, or white, when chemistry threatens to supersede it altogether? We read in an oxohange j that the latest explosive material consists of the ! flo u r 0 f starch, which, boiled in a peculiar way with j nitric acid, possesses, it is said, a far pro ; tactile. force than the gunpowder of ordinary use. ! It is probably somewhat similar to gun cotton. The bombardment of Fort Pulaski has demon strated that we have the best projectile m the world lor reducing atone or brick fortifications, in -hotl- peoJkctii.es. vention of the late-lamented Gen. James. All can non may be rifled for the use of the James projec tile, which is of an elongated shape, and therefore much heavier than a round shot, and the leading feature of whioh is the ingenious method in which the rotation is secured,or the manner by which it is made to follow the spiral grooves as it passes along the bore of a rifle piece. Various plans have been tried to a'tain this end, and there are differ ent projoctiles known as the Parrott, Hotohkiss, and Sawyer; but the James is said to be the best. The expanding part of this projectile consists of a holy low formed in the base of.tho projectile; and open ings from this hollow to the surface for thei passage of gas when tho piece is fired, whioh;expands,and drives into the grooves of the bore an envelope or patch, made of tin, canvas, and lead, surrounding and fastened to the projectile. This sends it along the grooves, givtog it the rotary motion, and ena bling an accuracy of aim to be reached which can be attained by no olhor jrojectile. The Washington correspondent of a New York journal wrote as follows last Ma'y : “ There is now on exhibition here one of the James shot by whioh the walls of Fort Pulaski were battered down. Adhering to it are portions of the brick and mortar of the walla. A private letter, written by the officer who forwarded tho relic, says this shot bored" through a massive brick wall, and ground up the material like powder. The rebels called those shot cartwheels, and .-said they didn’t oare for the othed shot and shell: but when these damned cartwheels! --* ■ ■-• . *.*■-•. -y. *.i came whistling along they had to surrender. Bri gadier General Gilmore, tho engineer officer to whom w'as entrusted the honor of reducing Pulaski,; in bis offioial} report makes especial mention of James’ projectile, and says: ‘No better piece for breaching can bo desired than the 42-pounder ■James.'”-.. . .. ; it is a notorious fact that the penetration of pro-: jectiles is directly as their weight, while it is as the square jof their velocity. 'That is to say, Arm strong’s 150 pound ball/going at-1770 feet per se cond, has abouttwice the penetrating power of the 425-pound 15-inch ball at 800 feet," It is a ques tion of velocity; - and velocity means powder; and powder-requires enormous strength of gun.. To this end European experiments are tending, while, if we mistake apt, a" leading question with us is, how to obtain the best , results with small charges, because our guns can’t stand large ones. We re member that file Monitor was not permitted to fire wrougbt-iron shot at the Merrimac because they: would bring a greater strain on her ordnance, and that her charge of powder for an 11 inch gnu, with hollow shot, was 10 pounds. It is, however, argued that heavy projectiles, at low veloeit'es, have im mense smashing ipower, a-d the probabilities are certainly in that direction. Bet armor heavily backed with elasjic material possesses the very ele ments of resistance to great weights at low veloci ties—time to yield. Experiments have been made-in England with a: "Whitworth 12-pounder field- piece and a 70-pounder I naval gun, in order to test the penetration of Whit- j worth’s flat-fronted hardened shells against armor, plates; The first trial was made with the 12-pounder, Which sent its fiat-fronted solid shot completely i through an iron plate 24 inches thick—ho slight re-1! suit, when jre consider the lightness of the projec- 3 tile. The next-trial waspnade rrith shell, fired from the same rifled 12-pounder, against a targetjrf 2- 1 inch armor plates, with a backing of oak beams nearly a foot in thickness. The shell, with a burst ing charge of 1 lb. 4 oz. of powder, passed through both plate and backing, and buried itself beyond. The next, with a charge of 1 lb. 11 oz. of powder, alEo passed, through the plate, but burst in and shattered the timber-backing behind. This result, unexpected as it was, was surpassed by that. obtained with the 70-pounder gun, when fired with shell against a stronger target. This target was constructed of armor plates bolted" upon an oak frame nine inches thick, attached by a side framing to a- back'bf oak*four‘inchcs thick, coated' over with two inch wrought iron. The interval be tween the front and back frames was between two and three feet, the target being intended to repre sent the side of a ship The shell weighed, when charged, seventy pounds, and contained two pounds six ounces of powder. This fired with only a charge of twelve pounds of powder, at the usual penetra- ' tion range,of two hundred yards, passed completely through thq; jour-inch armor plate and oak backing, and.bursjiSSide the frame, shattering it to pieces. .Thi8 k result,- it should be; remembered, was >y ft gun ef unusual calibre, but with -than the navai -t-vafegggjtqnd with a charge Sdlkhfofjhe proj ~~.fcuur_sni»§ 'fg S-ar-f .tmls ; 0: WK\ DO. fitKlT Mr; Wiard, in an elaborate communication New York Tribune, published in September last, answers this question. He contends that the effect of the heat resulting from the. combustion of the powder has been disregarded -by our, ordnance., officers in rtheir observations. In his opinion, the explosion of the 100-pound Parrott gun on the Naugatuck was dub to the fact that it was raining at the time, and that this gun being on the upper deck, was: subject to a more variable expansion than of the Galena, which were between decks. After quoting from Major Ward’s reports on metals for guns, he adds: But in this example, as in all others, as is well known to ordnance in spectors, tl e fracture began to exhibit itself on the interior surface of the, bore. This . would seem to prove that guns burst, by pressure rather than by expansion of the inner metal—as, if the inner metal -were expanded by . the communication of heat befor the outer metal gave way, a strain ot compression resisted by the strength of the outer metal would rest upon the inner metal of the gun; and, undoubtedly , if it ever ocourred to an ordnance officer to'inquire whether the communication of heat to the inner metal of guns was the cause of their failure, the beginning of. the fraoluro on the inside would appear to him an argument against tbe theory. It is often noticed, as a curiouß phenomenon, when large guns burst, that notwithst&ndng the chase or forward part of the gun, several feet in length, may be thrown many feet end over end, the shot passes through the chase the length of the bore, without being diverted from the direction of its aim. This fact corroborates the theory under .consideration, as.it is evident that the shot is not projected by the same foroe that bursts the gun the communication of heat to the inner metal of the gun requiring a longer interval of time, and gun metals being comparatively non-conductors of heat. No gun in our service, having eight inches i thickness of metal about the bore, should be relied u p on in rapid firing, .even when exposed to the hottest rays of the sun on its very large exterior surface- the most favorable circumstances under which a gun can be fired—and should never be fired at all, if a hollow-east gun, with uniform density throughout the mass, in rain or in cold weather. ABTIIiI*IRYr AT HOME AND ABBOAD, The cost of the smallest Parrott gun, 6-poundcr, is $200; for 200-pounders, $2,000 each, which is said to be one-tenth the cost of the Armstrong gun. The charge of powder is one pound to every ten of the ball, and the cost of powder and shell tor every discharge is nearly,slo; The weight of the 200- pounder Parrott is barely more than one-half of the Columbiad, which carries the 150 pound solid shot, or the ten-inch shell. The practice with these guns is excellent. Experiments are = made daily, and with ah accuracy most astonishing. The shriek of the ball, as it lies through the air at a velocity of ' oversix’hundred miles per hour, is like that of a railroad train at full speed. : Among the novelties in the great London exhibi tion. was the Mersey or Prince Alfred gun; which was tbeJargest-forged piece in the building. - This immense piece, carrying a boltof 400 or 500,pounds,; with a charge of 30- pounds of powder, was forged hollow, withabore of ten in’enes diameter. It re loaded by the muscle and is rifled with l 2 grooves.; about one- eighth of an inch deep, on the ratchet principle: Another exhibitor, Mr. Bashley Britten, proposes a plan for Converting the old service guneinto rifled ordnance." This was, shown by a 20-pounder gun, rifled with seven fiat and: shallow grooves, the iron shot or shell being an elongated oval, with the rear of the projectile cased with lead,, so as tomake it resemble the ordinary Enfield rifle bullet. There was also a bolt of 310 pounds, which has been fired ten times from a rifled 63-pounder service gun,, with heavy charges, without injury to the gun. Another method of converting the old- service 'guns was exhibited by Commander Scott, R. N. In this the gun is rifted on the concentric system-, and the shot is of cast iron, ovoid in form, with pro jecting spiral fillets to fit the grooves. The advan tage of this gun is that it admits of using round shot and shel . .... Mr. Lancaster has succeeded in rifting the old guns on his principle of the oval and spiral bore, and they may be fired with the ordinary round shot. He exhibited a 32-pounder bored in this way, which has recently fired 1,500 rounds of pro jectiles weighing fifty pounds, and a 68-pounder east iron 95 owt. gun, bored oval with an inoreas ins spiral ,of one-fourth of a revolution in the length of the gun. • This gun has been fired 604 times with his wrought iron shell of eighty-five pounds, and twelve pounds- of powder, '.and at 4.800 yards se ven tv-four per cent, of shot passed through the tar vet, representing the side of aboryette. All these guns are murrie'loaders, and the proper projectile for them is oval, elongated and eonoidal, forged in one piece. In all these cases when the old guns are used; of course there is no attempt at reducing weight, but in point of economy they have their merit. The ovo-spiral principle has been found to answer well in rifle practice, and the arm-touted bv English engineers, but it will be remembered bow completely the Lancaster gun failed at the siege of Sebastopol. In the Els wick Ordnance Works of Sir William Armstrong & Co,, near Newcastle, England, no less than 3,000 men and hoys are continually employed. A great 300-pounder battery gun has just been oon struoted there for the British Government. Its bore was XOi.inches; length, 14 feet ; weight 12 tons, and is a muzzle-loader. A 200-pounder breech loader has also recently been manufactured at these works, and from six to eight rifled guna, of various calibres, are turned out weekly. On the recent; occasion Of a large invited party visiting these works, Mr. R, L-mbert, one of the proprietors, stated that, they had fired bolts of 700 lbs. weight from one of their 100-pounder guns without the least appearance of bursting it. He also said: “A question of.great interest had to be solved, viz. : whether ; artillery could be made to break the strongest and heaviest iron plates with whioh ships could be protected. If he might venture on^a pre diction as to the solution of this question, it would be that they would manufacture Armstrong guns which no plates that any .vessel could carry and fioatf could have any chance of resisting.” We have spoken above of the Prince Alfred gun, as the largest piece of ordnance in the late London International Exhibition. . The Mersey Steel and Iron Company, by whom it was cast, have, how ever, made one still larger, known as tho Horsfall monster gun.” This gun, which had the honor of winning in 1856'the first victory of ordnance over 4i Inch iron plates, has an internal diameter of 13 inches, and tt-rows a solid spherical shot of 282 pounds. The Mersey Steel Company claim for their ordnance both a longer range and a greater initial velooity than is possessed by either the smooth bore 68-pounders or the Armstrong guns. They tabulate the results as to range as follows : Point blank radge of the 68-pounder, 310 yards; the Armstrong, 340 yards ; the monster Horsfall gun; 600 yards. At 3 degrees off elevation—the 68- pounder. 1.470 yards; the Armstrong, 1,325 yards ; the monster, 1,800 yards. At 7/ degrees—the 68- pounder, 2,430 yards; the Armstrong, 2.570 yards; the monster, 2,980.” LOCOHOTIVS BATTERIES. Mr. J. W. Caldwell, of St. Louis, in a;communi cation to the Republican ; of that city, some few months since, said: “I have completed a plan of an iron-clad gun aarriage, which has engaged much of my time for the last five years, and which has within the pist few days been submitted to and approved by some of the most enterprising men in St Louis. It may be effectually used by one gunner, a horseman, and two -horses, against one thousand cavalry or in fantry; with speed, ease, and safety—self-loading, cleaning, and firing fifty shots with rifle accuracy every five seconds, or at- longer intervals; on a line of from ten feet to two hhndred yards, at the will of the gunner, until five thousand shots have been discharged; and in five minutes the same may be repeated until twenty thousand shots hare been fired; j and may be brought to bear on any point, front. rear, right, or left, in half a minute.” The Richmond rebels have boasted of having a locomotive railroad battery which was sent out to the lines during the battles of the retreat from the base of the Chickahominy, and, they say, did some service, and would have done more if our retreat had not taken us out of railroad range. We sup pose it to be within the capacity of our mechanics to build; a locomotive railroad battery with a shield sufficient to resist shot from field pieces, and to carry one or two formidable guns, and a squad of riflemen, who, if armed with revolving or breech loading rifles, could make any attempt to take the battery by assault rather warm work. The extra weight and consumption of the driving ' power might he economized in an engine not built for drawing trains, in order to lessen the con sumption and increase the carrying capacity for i fuel and water. By means of an extra force pump and hose it might supply itself with water from . streams. The convenience of the armament and security of the gunners could be greatly increased by breech- loading cannon, which could bo worked ■withai shields, and perhaps rotary turrets. SUBMARINE BATTERIES.’ In June last, as we learned from the Scientific - American, a number of people collected at the- Club House, Jersey City, to witness some experi ments with Duffy’s submarine gun. The gun is placed on deoh in the vessel, as; far as possible, be low the water-line, with the muzzle end passing through a stuffing-box. in the vessel’s Bide. Me chanism is so arranged that when the gun is forced inboard by the muzzle coming in contact with the side of a hostile ship, the gun is discharged, send ing not merely the shot, but also a considerable portion of the expanding gases into the hold of the enemy’s vessel. "Valves are provided to prevent asthe .gun is ; driven Inboard was rowed stem the gun struck it was discharged, driving the shot through two .1-inch planks, and considerably shat tering the target. The result was entirely satisfac- torv. & new infernal machine, claimed to bo adequate for the destruction of irou-clad vessels, has been subjected to (government tests in,the royal; dock yard of Copenhagen. The apparatus, which is extremely simple, and costs but little, consists of a glass reservoir' filled with powder, floating at a certain depth, where, by very simple chemical means, it produces an explosion. In the first experiment, when loaded with a very small charge, the effect was amazing. The framework of the gunboat used was shattered, and some of the planks thrown to a height of eighty or one hundred feet. On a second trial the explosion threw up a column of water one hundred feet high, and the shock was felt at a considerable distance , . , , .... A Mr. Woodbury, of Boston, has devised apian for firing cannon under water. - The. guns are to be of the usual shape, but much longer than common, and can be cast to discharge any projectile now in use. When ready for action, a tin cylindrical case is fitted closely at the muzzle of the gun, rendering the chamber air-tight, and preventing the entrance of water. . .When fired, the chargo attains its full velocity before reaching the canister, and an effec tive shot may be made at the distance of two or three hundred feet. The cannon is fixed into a stuffing box, similar to that of the piston of a steam engine, and an automatic port hole opens and shuts as the gun is run out or withdrawn. It is expected that very little water will he shipped as the piece is drawn in. The gun being breech-loading, the water which enters the muzzle is easily disposed of, and it is claimed that it can be fired again in the space of three to fife The effect of a shot from eight to ten feet below the water line would sink any ship yet built. Experiments Indicate that the invention will prove a success. The Kentish Gazelle informs us that Mr. Red sull, of Deal, has invented a sub-marine gun and port, a plan of which has been submitted to the lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. The chief feature of the invention is to allow the barrel of a gun to be forced through the port, in order that a shot may be discharged from it to pieroe vessels below the water-line and iron coating when in close actidn, without taking, in water at the port. It is calculated that a vessel fitted with this ; invention will be able to sink the Warrior or Monitor in a few seconds. The expense of fitting vessels will be very moderate, as it is so contrived that almost any piece of ordnance njay be used at the sub-marine P °A correspondent, writing on board the United Stales sieam sloop-of-war Kearsage,bay of Alg'esiras, in the beginning of September, said : “ The officers of this ship have, within the last few davs. been electrified by an invention of our first assistant engineer, James W. Whittaker, Esq,, of Trenton, N. J-, which totally eclipses_ anything vet announced on the all-important topic-of won niated ships. lor obvious reasons, I, amnot at li berty, at present, to give the details of this power ful agent for the destruction of such iron-plated an tagonist as the Merrimac and. Arkansas. For its simplicity in design, completeness in construction, and certainty- of execution, it cannot be excelled bv anything yet invented or advanced. In fact, it is the event of the nineteenth century. It revolu tionizes the whole theory of naval warfare, and as long as its use is confined to our own navy, no other Power- in the world can be successful, no matter how many or what class of iron-clad ships may be brought against us. Oiir captain, chief engineer, and other officers have examined it, and all concur in pronouncing it a perfect success; and the captain has detached the inventor from the ship and order ed him home with his plans, to report in person to the Navy Bepartment.” Caul from Senator Harris. Albaxt, Nov. 12,1862. To tit Editors of the Evening Journal." tls press, within the last few days, to m^® taken some Interest in the remark* _made to. . my Saw class, in relation; to the Temovrf of General McClellan. As * SketheliS "cm on Monday morning, and before proceeding lernnre the class railed for my opinion as to lheTrmoyS ofMcOlellan. I then said: The removal o° OererTl MMJletlan bas both snrprised and grieved me. 1 think it is a gieat J/hf lVm no oM Arftl tbe var luis yet broogot to. notice. tam noi Iware of any sufficient grounds for this step ;, but, if it Set be done, then I think the Administration have done Sto ibebfst W. I iegard Burnside M an able general, tbe nextbest man for the place. Ihno v that General McClellan has confides ce in b »m> “d I thah to* far as he is able, he will carry out the plane and policy ° f AflS'aMnding to the appointment of General Hooker to a commahd under General Burnside, and expressing my confidence in bhn, I proceeded with my lecture. All this occurred within the walls of my own class room, and THB NAVS TBBBHB 0081840108.8-The influ ence of the entire navy will be brought to bear on the next Congress to gefan aetpassed fining every oonteactor so much forever, day thatmay elapse iliter the tlonef a contract. Naval operations have been W«W delayed by the remissnesaof contractors, and our boasted feet iff for the meat pvt to be built, mt ' • - - ', BEAT AND DUMB IN UPPBB CANADA.—There are eshmated to be 800 deaf aDd fS Canada who Me capable of reeeiriog lnstraction, bn *hom no adequate provlriou hw been made. TWO CENTS. LETTER FROM NASHVILLE. A Conversation between Governor Johnson and Rebel Prisoners. [Special Correspondence of The Press.} Nashville, Nor. 7, 1882. In my last I gave yon a detailed account of the attach on Nashville and the repulse or the rebels, bnt as I had to close rather abruptly,“so as not to miss the mail, I was prevented from sending the following resort of a cower sation between Governor Johnson and a rebel officer captured the day before. It will be seen on what flimsy pretexts the rebels profess to fight on, and that it tabes very little argument to demolish their strong points. As 1b generally the csee, the prisoners were brought before Colonel Gillem, the provost marshal, and the Go vernor happening to be present, the following conversa tion took place between hts Excellency and * Captain Harris, one of the prisoners: Governor Johnson. Well, Mr. Harris, I am sorr7 to eee yon: in this company, I knew your father many years, and always found him to he a sincere and true Union men. Harris. I’m just where I want to be, sir. Governor, Let me, Mr. Hants, not for ihe sake of argument, but in a friendly manner, ask you what rights you have ever lost under the Constitution I Barkis. Well, I would mention the right to recover slave property from the free States. Governor Can you mention an inatanoe where pro perty of that description was not recovered when iden tified? You know, air, we cannot always recover what we have lost, be the property horses, oattle, or negroes, unless we first discover their whereahonts. Harris. 'We are not fighting ss much for what we have fori, as for what we might have ioßt, under the pre sent Administration. (A#audible emilo was here indulged in by the by standers, in which the Governor joined.) Governor. We won’t speak of things which wight have occurred. You can see, as well as I, what has hap pened from the attempt made by designing men to over threw the best and wisest Government (the sun ever shone upon; and I tell yon, sir, that the laws win be executed, And this unholy rebellion put down. Hakris. This war was forced upon us. Governor. « Forced upon us I” We have a Consti tution which saye that, the Government has power to put down insurrection and to suppress rebellion. Now, who commenced this rebellion 1 Bid not the South first fire upon Fort Sumpter, seize our forts, arsenals, and property belonging to the Government on every portion or Southern territory? I tell you, sir, that this is a t war for a slave aristocracy, and was brought about by a few designing, disappointed politicians te obtain power and place. Moreover, they are the men for whom you ■and these prisoners are fighting, when thousands of de luded men now sleep in unknown graves and languish in prisons; and for what 1 Why, that this aristocracy you are seeking to elevate may remain at home secure from interruption—so long as their wealth can procure them twenty niggers—and you, who never owned a negro and never expect te, fight and perish for such a cause as that! Gentlemen, I assure you, at whatever cost, the Government will put down this rebellion, and that this country will be one country and one Govern ment, now and forever more. Harris evidently wilted under the admonitions of the Governor, and he “ answered him n*t again.” This Harris is a son of George Harris, formerly a leading politician here, and at one time editor of a news paper in Nashville. He has for some years been a purser in the United States navy, and is now acting in that capacity on board ihe frigate Sabine. B. 0. T. Governor Johnson’s Opinion of Gen. Buell's Course. (Bpecial Correspondence ef The Dress.] Nashvillr, Tenn., Nov. 9,1862. I herewith transmit to yon extracts from Governor Andrew Johnson's letter to President Lincoln, criticising the course pursued by General Bnell while in command of the Army of the Ohio. This letter would have been eent to the President immediately after i t was written had not the guerilla Morgan cutoff all communication with the North. But here it is “ Nabhvii.le, Tbshbssbe, Sept 1. “To his Excellency Abraham Lincoln. Wathinlon City «On two occasions 1 hare stated to the President that General Buell would never enter and redeem the eastern portion of thie State. Ido not believe he ever intended to, notwithstanding his fair promises to-the President and others that he would, “Aportionof the rebel troops, it is stated, under the command of Bragg, have crossed the Tennessee river, above Chattanooga, and are marohing inthe direction of Nashville. His force is variously estimated at from -20.000 to 50,000. Mr own opinion is that it cannot ex ceed 20,0C0. •‘ Gen. Bnell and his forces are in his front, ranging from Decherd, on the railroad, to McMinnville and Sparta, and, in: my opinion, with such generals as he has trader Mb command, conld meet Bragg and whip him with the greatest cbbo ;■ enteringdower Bast Tennessee, and turn the rear of the force said to be now before Gen. Morgan, at Cumberland Gap, leaving Morgan to march into Bast Tennessee, and take possession of the railroad, at once segregating and destroying the nnity of their ter ritory, and that, too, in the midatof a population that Is loyal, and will stand by the Government. “The forces which have passed CtsmberlaixTGap, on Morgan’s right, undercommanS of Kirby Smith, enter- Morgan’s rear, caa-and-will' be-met bv gret, whatTEnBvrßn6-T,ra« be. Instead of meeting- and whipping Bragg where he is, if is his intention to occnpy a defensivo position, and is BOW, according to the best evidence I can obtain, concentrating all bis forces upon Nashville, giving up all the country which we have had possession of south and east or this place, leaving the Union sentiment and Union tnen who took a stand for the Government to be crushed out and utterly rained by the rebels, who will all be m arms upon ttte retreat of cor army. ult seemß to me that General Buell fears his own per* sonal safety, and has concluded to gather the whole army at this point as a kind of body guard to protect and de fend him, without reference to the Union men who have been induced to speak out, believing that the Government would defend them, Gen. Buell is very popular witivihe rebels, and the impression is that ht is mart partial to thtm than to Union men and that he favors the establishment of a Southern Confederacy. . I will not assume that Gen. Buell desires the establish- ment of a Southern Confederacy, and a surrender of Ten nessee to therehels, but will give it aB my opinion that, if he bad designed to do: so, he could not have laid down or putsued a policy that would have been more success ful in the accomplishment of both these objects. “Notwithstanding the untoward events which have transpired since I came to Nashville, I feel and believe that much good has been done in preparing the public mind in being reconciled to the Government; bntif the policy which I have Indicated is carried out by General Bueil, all will lie thrown away, without the most distant idea, if ever, when we shall recover our lost ground. Bast Tennessee seems doomed. There is scarcely a hops left of her redemption; it ever, no one new can tell. May God save my country from some of the generals that have been conducting this war.” B. O. T. The Watertown Arsenal, The Boston Traveller says the Watertown Arsenal was probably never so efficiently controlled and operated as at the present time. The reputation of the head, Oapt T J Hodman, as a man thoroujhiy versed in all military science, and particularly apt in his application of new improvements and his inventive faculties, is well known everywhere. Bis plan of casting guns, by cool ing from the interior, tor Instance, is being adopted by all thl other leading gun inventors, and the department at Washington has learned to depend a great deal on MS advice and sagacity in all matters relating to the ponde rous machinery of iron-fronted war. ’ . Th“ produciionß of the Waterto vn arsenal have been immense, mid although the aggregate cannotbogiven, the articles manufactured during one Quarter of the pre- Rent ■sear, viz.: April, May, and Jane, will snow now large the manufacture since the beginning or the war must have been. In the Quarter in question there were made at the arsenal 88 field gun-carriages, loarriage tor a 12-fiich rifled gun, 29 casemate carriages for 8-inoh guns 9 mortar beds, rounds of ammu nition, 10 500 fuses, 4,050 brass lose plugs with mouth pieces, 9,767.000 rifle cartridges, 1,846,M0 mtisket carri ridges, and 714 war rockets—or, in all, nearly 12,000,000 separate, from a fuse up to a ponderous fortress carriage. The fixed ammunition for field artillery now made is mcstly that for the 12-pound light gnu—that known as are near the wad Thac nextjhe street la the blacksmith shop, yearly fl » edifice 200 feet long by 86 wide, which is to contain no metODB fortea-and ft gigantic trip-hammer, and other machines, the force for which is to . b ® o ®J l ® l,, i^ m b L“ SlendW 100. horse power engine aE * f works of Campbell, Whittier A- Co > ofßMbury. ine next and largest bnilding, aisoof b^ k > w,l i bD ,3rnenter - front by 200 deep—one-half } demoted to the carpenter 22? being two stories high, and the other half, deyoted to the machine and carriage shop, being a 38-feetto the peak of the roof. Two engines, of 100 horn power each, will Bupply the power Tho nrr.dnetion of musket and rifle cartridges has tor the Wesmt wSrowing to tbe fact that the magazines d&Mtoft . WU; Notwithstanding JUs lmft.no lets than 800 hands are now engaged .within the limitsof the yard. The most perfect order and PreTafls, and the work tnmed out ,is as perfect _M ; l4 iB *|^ e power of man, aided by powerful machinoi, to make it. The powder storehouse, too, wh«e 5M_ barrels of powder are stored, Is k « a g surrounded withw tofty wall of earth, and the armed guards are numerous-. Borne forty soldiers of the ordnanoeseryice Wh-«he BnewhuuShrecom not cssary to DoTc i* . _ ttiAra mnat ba & vast ISTatreSe i. «w d>.t.rt«r ot Hi. I produced. ' '• '—. a npcto Kegimeßt Engaged with. -Crue- of the B.ackSoldiers The correspondent of the Leavenworth Connate*, under date of October SO, writes as follows from Fort Africa, Bate* county, Mo.:. • . _ ' A detachment of seventy men from the Sonthern bat tallon! (Ool; Seaman's,).and one hondrod and from if«{ TOfiium*’ the latter under captain B. «• wara, the enure detachment under Colonel Sea- acted under instructions .from Major Henning, on Tuesday afternoon, having left Fort Lincoln late on Monday. The enemy’s sconta were eeen in force when we arrived at this point, the residence oPan intsmons guerilla named Toothman, whose son is now a prisoner at Fort Lincoln. We were almmg to ■ clean out a rendt zvous near here, onwhat is too wn the Island > a large marshy tract of *** 'SS*£ and Ossge, wbich has been the resort of the JacKman an ' Coclerill bushwhackers. We found the latter in fo wlth's eplendidly mounted and b yj u that the': ■ first named was the command numbers . o^ l b 6 e Co aB wr e T ntS tfthta Toothmsn’s • yard, namrd D thr P place ra » FwfAWca^ 3 Bendlnl valry and riSt^wo out a small deiachmentandcuttingitoll ire t(J body. A 'SZTI h eight men killed and rescue omr detachment. _vre lat regiment ten capt Bouse, w» kitted C ; T OMdner was severely wounded, but trill Lieut. Joseph Gardner The enemy reported fit be well Fitbin a w must have as many more teen killed tMs ■££* to talk any more of negro won “ a ' d ' JL men fought like tigers, each and every therm end the main difficulty was to hold them . ? tsn d. W« havejnstreceiyedreinforcements, and hawfntettlgence of a guerilla force that renders a move "“nt necessary. We have the guerillas hemmed in, and will clean them and this country ont. Saddle and mount is the word. Theta are the boys to clean out the bush ’ whackers; r-' THE WATS PRESS.. (PUBLISHED WEEKLY.) Tub War Press will be sent to subscriber!! by mail (per annum in advance) at ~.....,.02.09 Three Copies « « 6.0® lrt ' fa w “ “ .............. B=a® SeQ “ “ ~13.9® Larger dubs wifi be charged at the same cate—thus:: 20 copies will cost *24; 60 copies will coat *6O, and 109 ooplea tlffl. For a Club or Twenty-one or over, we witlsend aa Nxtra Copy to the getter-up of the Club. are requested to act m Ageats The War Puess. SGT Advertisements Inserted at the canal cates, a lines ODstitnte a iqnare. THE WAR IN THE SOUTHWEST. ,The Armx tfre Frontier-—lts Work Bose— Chase of Qoantrel—A Running Fight Ac/os* the Prairie—-Faght with Indians on the lUr»- I>m Missoirrig HEABQSARTJBBS AEMV OF 1*»B FR&NTIStt, Elk Horn Tavern, Nor. 5,1862, *‘.Tne Army of the Frcntier has saccagafnlijr accom plished its eqlsb!gjq. :> Bo General Cnrtifl wrote of as ia reporting the anccesa of the expedition sent out under General Blunt. Since that time we have pursued our fugitive enemy to the Boston Mountains, after striking bim another blow as a reminder of our determination to rid this country of such dastardly miscreants. Ws pene trated to Fayetteville (whence I wrote you), and re turned to this place after an absence of not unite one week. We have to enemy to'fight. We can par ran oo farther. Our mistion being . aafait aecompli, we Sara our backs,to the rich beauties- of the aatt-ieg son, and bend our footsteps toward the spot where his first ray» gild the hilltops in the early morn , General Bchcflrld has been guile os successful as I predicted he would be. He has proven himself a soldier and a general. He ehoold be permitted to load hits veteran army where there are more laurels to win* They shown themselveß to he soldiers, in the endurance of fatigue and privations. They have a claim to be called brave men by the alacrity they have ever shown to meet the enemy, and the courage displayed whenever they have met him. Jf KB7syii.i.k, Nov. ,4—We have retraced our ateps tbus far since BA. M., and this-is M M The town we left here on our msrch southward’la here no longer. Borne time last week the guerillas of this vicinity waylaid our mail, shot the carrier, but did not succeed in capturing bags, for the horse ran away with them. Major Mont gomery. of the 6th Missouri Cavalry, a fair specimen at the Western ja, hawker, learning of the outrage, went forth to destroy the-destroyer. He cams up with the wretches, end ehot two of them; then set fire to the town, end to-day Keetsvilie is a blackened min. Not more than half a dozen houses remain to tell eh* traveller of its previous existence, Singular to say, Mr. Keet’s residence was spared. He was about the only Union man in the place . To write the history of all this country, one has'to employ but one word—that word t* desolation. The- curse ot Hod rests upon it. Nopiaoets untouched. Buin stares you in the faoe, turn whioh way you may. CATHERVVOOD ASTER QtJANi'KEL. The Harrisonville (Mo.) correspondent of the Missouri Democrat, in a tetter dated November 6, says: On yesterday, a detachment of the different companies of the 6th and 6(h Begimenta of Cavalry, Missouri State Militia, all under the command of Colonel Oatherwood. bad quite a variety cf fun with the übiquitoua Quantrei, and succeeded in chasing him entirely out of the country, and farther, I presume, than he has even seen fit to go. It came abont in this wayOn the eveaing of the 3d inet., Quantrei, with about 100 men, attaoked an ox wagon train that was returning from here to Bedalla. with an escort of 22 men, about ten miles east of here, killing 8 of the escort, 6 teamsters, wounding 4, and teking 5 prisoners, including Lieut. Newby, and burning the entire train of thirteen wagons. Colonel Oatherwood received infoimation that Quantrei was in the vicinity with 300 men, started in hunt of him with about 160 men, not knowing of the depredation committed, whioh hap pened about the time of hisetartingi But, having appre hensions with regard to this train, he started in direction of it. Bearing of the disaster before reaching it, and learn ing that Quantrei had started-sonth of the road, he fol. lowed it in the direotion indicated, and came upon his pickets about 9 o’clock at night, in a dense timber na-,r the road he was travelling; formed his command as soon as possible, and pitched into the camp, but to find no on* there. The enemy was flbeing, it seemed to be in every direction. Following the trail- of the main body, which led out into a large prairie, the only way for retreating, be came upon them and had-a handsome running fight for six miles, firing volley after volley as they were run ning. They turned several times, as it seemed to maka a stand, firing back; but Invariably when the OoioneS would charge ou them, would turn and run. In the several charges six men were killed and twenty five wounded—not a man of ours being hurt, ihej uni versaily firing too high. . The command was hare joined by another detachment of about seventy five-men and two pieces of artillery, under Captain Davis, of the 6th. We immediately started in pursuit, following them twen - ty • five or thirty miles, but they were too swift of foot, and our horses,after travelling about sixty miles onth* double quick, were-too tired to follow him. We had al ready chased him out of Ms narrow domain; and further than he ever went before. On yesterday the dead bodies of ten of the murdered men were brought in, a terrible and ghastly sight. Being shot after they were taken pri soners, while the instruments of death were within a few feet of their heads, their wounds presented the most gory aspect. . DESPEBATE PIOH3P WITH: INDIANS. The Bloux City Register, of the Ist inst., contains too par tied are, from a gentleman who was among the party, of a most desperate fight that took place on the Upper Missouri, below Fort Benton, by a party of returning miners, while descending the river in a Mackinaw boat, with the Tahcton Sionx tribe of Indians Theooirea pondent rolaies tio particulars as follows: 1 “ We left Fort Benton on the22d of September and pro ceeded down the river without any interruption worth mentioning until the 10th of October, at S o’clock in ths morning, when about one hundred and fifty miles below Fort Berthold we dhcovered a large Indian camp, which fre learned afterwards fo be “ Big Head’s,” chief of the 1800100 Sioux They immediately bailed'ns, but wa continued on our course without noticing them. - They gaVe the alarm to the camp beiow by discharging their guns in the air, and it was but a few moments before tha whole esmp was aroused, and then began the fight, and from every place of concealment we received a shower or bullets. - '“The firing began to laU about 12 o’clock, and we thought we were nearly through with them* when wo suddenly came upon another and larger camp of * Kedi« cine Beard’s,’ of about two hundred warriors. They rested themselves on the bank in a very narrow part of the river, whag they knew we had to ran within a few j ardß of them? They again hailed ns to land, when our captain, Wm. P. Edds, seeing our critical position* beaded the boat directly to, the shore, making them believe he was going to lend, when this stratagem beooght ©ut'a'lerge number., from concealment, and withheld the fire of fee balance, whirled her around broadside, and sung out, 4 Kow Js the time, boys \ give ’em h—lll’ when we pouTed a volley which tumbled St. ‘ Btdehin right and loft, makingthem skedaddle in every commenced a running fight, which lasted. JUalEy prevent any taking nriT , v .. . „ ment. and courage, all are Indebted for their lives « in the early part of the fight Mr. Willard and Lansing ■were standing together, when a tpcnt ball struck the former, which so disabled him that he was unable to keep bis feet Four of our men were wounded out of five that were exposed, the balance being partly protected by the baggage, «c.,wblchhad been hurriediy placed as a barri cade Wet left Mr. Germain at Fort Gandsll, to undergo surgical treatment. The balance of the wounded wets able to continue en tbeir voyage, and without further accident arrived here safely, and are now waiting for conveyance to their hemes. 11 GENERAL grant’s ADVANCE —GRAND JBNOTIOS PB.OBABLY destroyed. [From tie Memphis Bulletin, Hot 6.1 gentlejnan josfc returned from Bolivar, 71a TeDacEsce, reports that thtre was an advance of an. tm menße Union army southward a few days since. The object and destination of the force it is unnecessary » state |We also learn from a gentleman who lives within nine miles of Grand Junction, that the Union army passed through Lagrange end Grand Junction on Tuesday; and he is of opinion from the huge mass of smoke which he saw ascending, M well as from all he the latter place, before this, utterly destroyed, • ENTRANCE OF T.AORANQE. A Lagrange, Tenn, letter, dated Hov. 4, gt7es eha *°BrmW'day the advance, under Colonel Hoble, 21 fUi* nois Cavalry, entered Lagrange. The town was, at Che time, occupied by about four hundred of Colonel diemona 2d Arkansas Oavslry. The presence of our cavalry, sus tained by so large a force, was sufficient to Induce anlm mediate evaonatton of the place by tee rebel horaeDieu. From a prominent bluft on the southern border ot the town the rebels conld be seen dashing with reckles* pre cipitancy along three different roads. Judging from the long clouds of dust they created In their stsmpede, be tween three and font hundred must have been here pre vious to enr arrival. ,-Mwt The sudden dash of onr cavalry found sundry indivi duals unprepared for Sight, and therefore we appropri ated them. One, lieutenant McKinsey, 2d Arkansas Cavsiry, Colonel Stanons, narrated to me the cause of biß capture He said he bad heard of our movement Southward: but, not anticipating onr arrival b-fore evening, he entered a house to procure dinner. When partly finished he heard the tramp of cavalry .and rush ed out to ascertain the cause. Seeing a number of onr mm riding towards him, he endeavored to eicape bF tskinv to saddle. The excitement so alarmed bis horse that he became unmanageable, and would not perm.t him to mount But one resource was left, and Mwb to surrender. However, he started hia saved the animal. Another, a private, was captured by being thrown. He sustained considerable injury in the fell AH enumerated, we took about tea pnaonerß. Ta& enemy’s cavalry being driven out, a messenger sajjeped hack to the General, who awaited the lnformatton_at tha head of the column, that no enemy was te the town. At once the column set forward, and marched into the place ‘ «pith flying colotb, and ©very other indication of success mid purpose. As each regiment arrived it was at onca airicted to its position, the artillery was nnUmbered, where they would be necessary in event of attack, ana the cavalry went out to reconnoitre the country. Tha infantry, artillery, and cavalry, hold, the poriHona they would be required to occupy Incase ot a visit, bo that we are prepared for any emergency* , Lagrange, Tenn , Roy. (-—We established here, in order to perfect some ne f eB ®®fF “J; position of onr forces before we set ora to adombteed movenfent with the column now resting near Junction. Onr main positions to day do not materially differ from what I mentioned in a former letter, but in detail we have made some changes which it is not advisablt to mention. been stationed at insecure and exposed points, the better te secure them against surprise, while the system or picketing has been revised and placed under a new and effective regime. Instead of a detail from each company, acting independently at their own posts, ei tire regiujenta are now detailed lor this duty, and the field officers are held responsible for the safety of the army. This ia an, admirable improvement upon the old sretcin, and avoid* mistakes and the possibility of unguarded Points. _ To-day some skirmishing was going to the direction of Bali’s bridge, about three miles di* tant from here. The affair was attended with sevorid wounded on onr aide—one, it is aupposed, HK>rt*Uy_ The damage to the rebels ia unknown, as they fought to-a. timber and took to flight before our troops advanced. A party of troops was ordered on a reconnoiesancsim tee'dfreetton of Lamar. The party were march by noonJ and moving down the Holly Springs road, headed their column towards the place indicated. AVhec tevon mulontTbody of rebel horsemen, entltied « The ta Legion,” one thousand strong, were soon arrayed .n litre of battle to meet onr troops. we threw, onr column Into liße and gave them a discharge. Five mi nntes sufficed to set the rebels on a stampede by tho,rear. We now advanced two miles further, and found the rebel infantry drawn up to contest any farther KOgresa-ofour troops. The two parties faced each other, .and ImmMi- SyopeSd the fight. In this case »e rebel Efantey behavedno better than their cavahy,and_tfcetowhol force set out on an individualsearch for safer pOßit ° n We now reanmedthe m “ oh ht or!r P Troop^to eeilier onr march wonldnot bays reoaedA tbu As it waa, our cavalrywent near sfao loMi there was no in ® killed, two wounded, C poS e frem lelow, that there of field Pi the army the headquarters of thfdererwent hwe also changed .Gen. Grantnow re and transacts business at Lagrange, having aa ,hi, Mint until another advance transfer* it to a Afferent Place. It is his purpose -to kee p dose to the front and he prepared by his immediate presence to di rrdt the operations of the array when occasion demands. Another day wifi he sufficient to complete railroad com munication between Bolivar, Grand Junction, and La tjauge. The.tretos are now running to Midmennrg, abont seven miles below Bolivar. The destruction or a bridge at this point for the present impedes further pro- Jiess. By the time thlß is construe ed, the remamder or the road will be in a condition for travel. Tbs .speed an economy of railroad transportation 80 f** f army by wagon as to warrant a fawdays’ Inaction of in order to reconstruct the road, and restor of trains. , GOY. MOETOK OB ® a^rOTt Morton made a dianapolis deapatcb says. nt j(Jgt befo „ tearing ihort epeechto the ICOffi , tbe Bates’.House, in te -night, from , the naTO>»J returned from WashlDg which he said that he had ot ion, and waß l ?® p s’',|£ r e The Government Is terribly things now Jo ba ITO s«mted wiShmora 5 “ e(ir ?hH heretofore; and he looked forward,to a bright. thfSefaS the iriumphsmt successof onr arms.