The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, November 03, 1862, Image 1

(Bvsmro sxnsrmD,)
fC <‘7oTIN W. FORNEY.
!i* ,;. SOOTH FOURTH STREET.
I« J<9» l* l 9
oT It* *** ss,.
f ® p XS payable to tho Oarrler.
oat of tb* City «t Si* »oli.a«s
»>«*«■ :««7 ">
»' ,0 ® B!I taT “ riSbly to
{'“’’^UlStiW Bo '' 1 ® 64 ' „ „„„„
~: ^' TAESS,
B* »rii>°r» ont of t! “ e olty 6t THEBB P o ** -
iO „ _
'^SE^IN 6 MACHINES.
rfS** BAKEK’B
celebrated family
MACHINES,
gprSBIOB TO AI.L OTHEBS.
It.-utlon fa oslled to the fact that, besides
f»rl!i‘ ,i j" l j a puking out celebrated stitch, we inttra
, T wr i o ty of Btyleu, superior
ILr lock-stitch machines.
rtiurliW of * l '° sl st! ' cb ,wll! bs chee ‘' rnUy
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gifl of being able to select from our stock
I*** twhib*^
gjjOVBB & BAKER STITCH,
elW w(he ;
dock-stitch,
. t-ilaabls Sawing'Machine Stitches in practical
f- iRi ‘
* . .
fBICSS FROM 140 UPWARDS.
Office 730 Cliestirat St.
WILLCOX & GIBBS ~
i U 1 FAMILY
A SEWIH« tHAOBIHIta
y , s tutn NOiaBbKSB,'
pita geti-sljnatin* Hetnmerß, ere now re&dr tor
i#l»M ri.IBB4.KKS 4 SWING,
, 716 (IHBSTHBT Street
*2!■« —— :
•rn’HEELBR & WILSON.
•W BB i,ving machines,
S2B CHESTNUT STRE E T,
Iom PHITjA.OEI.PBIA.
itfjggsg*
' 011 V-GOODS JOKHISKS.
. f MS*. W* .WBM.BI.Wai*.
nUSH & KUETZ,
(Suteesiors to r. IF. Baker dt Co.)
■ FOBHIBLV 80NS. KAtOBEL, 4 00.
' s#i 137 NORTH THIRD STREET,
PHILADELPHIA,
TjiVORTEES AND JOBBERS
BLACK and fancy silks,
i'KEKCH, ENGLISH, AND
AMERICAN
dress' goods,
CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, AND VESTINGS,
WEEKS AND WHITE GOODS,
IjAGBB A.KD BMBBOXDKBIBJS,
C1280N3, TBIMMIKGB* .
EO3IKUY, GLOVES, MOTIONS, &CF.
SHAWLS.
A complete assortment of
(TOOL LONG AND SQUARE SHAWLS
Of tha Mowing well-known makes:
HBBLE3EX, WASHINGTON, WATBBVLIHT,
PEACE DALE, &0.
• ALSO, :
3EOCHE, LONG AND SQUARE;
OTU.A; AND THIBET, LSSNG AND SQI7ABI,
It sMsl we bvite the attention of OA9H and BHOBT
TIME BHTEBS anUi mwt 2m
pAWSON, BRANSON & Co.,
.V, W. CORNER OF MARKET AND
FIFTH STREETS,
livite fhe attention „of Cash Buyers to
£4'entire New Stock of
GOODS, SHAWLS, ETC.
S.-LBiTr-JX, 0, BRANSON. J.G BOMOABDSIR,
SILK AND DRESS GOODS.
|’ALL STOCK
i'-L" AND FANCY DRESS GOODS,
A. W. LITTLE & Go,
■'■-Is No. SSff HABKET BT.
1 LOTUS AND tJASSIJIERjES.
WILLIAM T. SNODGRASS,
ARMY, k avy, and civil
CLOTH HOUSE,
Ko. U 50DTH SECOND STREET, and -
Ao. 23 STRAWBERRY STREET. .
1 ni full? prepared for the
FALL AHD WINTEB CAMPAIGN,
Harlrg ;i»t received a oomplete aieortment of
TRUE BLUES,
bw * rad6B fr0m..........81, 12X to 88.00,
1-1 -.i ™ 3| , lHld Faaoy Bearers, from 200 to 7.60,
i"; „ tk PUot! -160 V to 6 00.
Bewera 3.75 to 7 00.
2-15 to 6 60.
v-,1 300 to 6.00.
375 to 8 00.
Ewers 200 to 6.00.
Clnv" toW 175 t 0 8-00.
e! ■«!»- «A all c,)!or8 an d prion. Also, a heavy stock
Ills i C i ISSIM ®R®B, PIiAIN and FANCY VEL
oc>24 Im*
Wady-made clothing.
we heady-made clothing.
0, SOMERS & SON,
No. 625 CHESTNUT STREET,
UNDER JAYNE’S HALL,
“ l,f maJe np for sale an entire new stock of
PINE CLOTHING.
assortment of CLOTHS, OASSIMHBHS, and
311553. which they respectfully tavite the public to
purchasing elsewhere. »e37Me3l
COMMISSION aOUNBS
Carpetings. , ■
OD ‘ CLOTHS, AND MATTINGS.
WOLFE & CO.,
So MlBBIO3St MHBOHAHTSi
OKKSTNTJT STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
°* P^iadell>ll,a ' ma<,e Carpets
Jelling, coffin, & 00.,
ti 980 CHSSiraxra stbmt,
G °KTRAOT for the delivery
OF
ARMY
AND COTTON GOODS,
STANDARD quality.
H4ZAED, &
Hutchinson,
Ho ' 1U CHESTNUT stbeet,
C ° a MIBBXON BXEECHAHIB
J. »0* TKI SAL* 0»
goods.
C°TTon yarn.
%EE 108 COTTON YARN, No. 10,
JOB BALE BY
fI{ OTHINGHAM & WELLS.
b & strouET“~
i GLa SS, AND QUEENS WARS.
I. (i ® "
•‘"‘■ffAffl’.KSSf’'
_ hß ,B.M. 8. ■-
VE?‘vi^ d aft-flnMoa
Bole a. BIBBONB.
*% t » U 5 DUiHK’ B S JAMI £ M -„ BMrrH -
Street, new Wart Broadway,
Now Tors*
VOL. 6.~N0.79.
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1862.
FROM GEN. M’CLELLAN’S ARMY.
A Skirmish with the Rebels.
[Special Correspondence of The Press.}
Headquarters Qek. McClellan,
Berlin, Octobor 29,1882.
; THE MOVEMENT OF BURNSIDE.
Part of Slocum’s army corps, with that of Wil
cox, having moved from Pleasant Valley by Mon
day night, early yesterday morning Burnside broke
camp, and, mounting his old horse, “ Colonel,”
moved his headquarters to the neighborhood of
lovettsville, four miles from the Potomac, on the
Virginia side, and about Bix miles southeasterly
from Harper’s Ferry.
Burnside’s war-iiob je.
As all relating to this ideal soldier is of interest,
“ Colonel,” an ideal war-horse, deserves a passing
mention. He is a bay, with a compact, heavy
body, and short, stumpy legs, being thus well calcu
lated for the weight of bis doughty rider.
“ Colonel ” is twenty years old, and carried his
master during the Mixioan war, immediately after
ho graduated, in 1847. Ho is still full of spirit,
but tranquil as a stone under fire, which he eyes
with supreme indifference. His dignified com
posure is ruffled only by any attempt at familiarity
on the part of a stranger. With kindled eyes, he
then starts back and strikes at him horiiontaCy
with his forefoot. McClellan rides a dark-brown
animal of lithe and faultless proportions, called
“Daniel Webster.” This embodied compliment
to the “great expounder ” and advocate of the
Fugitive Slave law, desires, like his master, un
controlled action, and kioks his heels frantically,in
a field adjoining the camp, each night as he re
turns from water. .The groom respects hisaspira
.tion for enlarged freedom, and he returns to his
stable “ when he’s ready.” General Maroy has a
horse of circus proclivities that kneels and lies
down when desired. What can Ido but talk non
sense at this quiet moment?
THE SENDING 01 NEWS.
There is little use in sending the meagre news
afforded, for my letters, through brilliant post office
arrangements, reaoh you two' days after they are
written, and are, therefore, anticipated a day be
forehand, by the telegraph. A train leaves Har
per’s Perry at 2 P.M., which connects in Baltimore
at seven o’olook with that for the North. Another
train leaves at 3.30 P. M., which connects with no
train at all, and leaves all letters to be forwarded
the next day. The post office selects the latter.
May I again ask why? Twice already ad
verted to this glaring mismanagement, which in
conveniences many thousands for no apparent
object. ,
GEM. JI’CIEMAK’s HEADQUARTERS MOVED,
General McClellan moved his headquarters yes
terday, ohoureleven o’clock, to this neighborhood.
Berlin is a dirty little collection of houses, border
ing the Potomac on the Maryland side, which cor
responds admirably with the many “Dogtowns”
of the West, Its post office name is Barry, and
thus all letters should be directed, else they are
taken to another Berlin. of more ancient date in
Western Maryland. The headquarters rest in a
delightful grove on the farm of an old gentleman
over eighty years of age, named Graham. As cold
weather approaches, camp-moving has its objec
tions. The human components arrive first, and,
after ascertaining the spots marked for their tents,
stand uncomfortably, swearing at the wagons for
being dilatory with the equipage.
THE SCENE ON FETCHING TENTS.
TheEO last finally arrive with all necessaries, in
cluding the tents, which are speedily pitched, and
a summary process ensues of cutting down all
neighboring trees for firewood, which are suf- ‘
fioiently small to give little trouble la their
felling and splitting. Cedars and young locusts,
valuable for mechanical puposos, share the fate of
the less costly oak and hickory, but as green wood
is full of sap and burns slowly, kindling must be
had. An idea suggests itself ; there are fence rails
near by, that are dry and will burn like paper.
Never mind the farmer; he can present his claim
for damages to the Government, if he likes. They
must be had. And thus, woe to the farm on which
a camp locates itself. Strawis very convenient4»r~
the noon to iio od, and for a warm flooring to offi
cers’tents. Without a 11 by your leave” the barn
is attacked, and all taken that is needed. Hay and
corn are good things in their way. To be sure, the
Government furnishes forago, but one cannot have
too rnuoh of a good thing, and it is shouldered ao
oording’y, while the farmer looks on, with bewil
dered eyes. Fowls and hogs follow in their turn.
When he is pretty well cleaned out, a guard is
placed over his premises. Outside, however, of
the beat watched over by the guard, hungry men
plentifully lurk. Apples are speedily seised, and any
hapless chicken, calf, or sucking pig soon goes the
way of all flesh.
THE TROUBLES OF A FARMER.
The farmer seeks redress at Ihe tent of the first
officer he meets, who tells him to call on some one
else., Some one else sends him to the commissary,
who refers him to the quartermaster. The quar
termaster is away, and the victim, in despair, asks
advice of the first private soldier he sees, who looks
wise, and refers him to the commanding general.
This latter, always a gentleman, affably recom
mends him to call on the chief of staff, who so
lemnly announces himself as exceedingly busy, and
suggests a future visit. Sixteen calls are subse
quently made, in half that number of days, but the
chief of staff proves invariably absent. Meeting
him at last, he is referred, as the camp is on the
point of departure, to the quartermaster, who i 3
•verwlielmed with business, and either attends to
him or not, as circumstanoes allow. At the best,
he gets but an order on Washing ! ou. The only
consolation of the nonplussed farmer is in selling
bread, milk, butter, and eggs, at enormous prices,
to soldiers and officers’ servants, and in victimising
newspaper correspondents who may board with
him. -
THE CONDITION OP OUR AKMT.
Having moved five miles towards Richmond, we
sit down to take a sense of our situation and admire
what we have done. Jekuag apart, a delay of a
few days appears very necessary, that additional
forage and food may arrive, and especially clothing
and shoes, in which a part of the army is yet de
ficient. The suffering through need of great-coats
and'blankets is considerable, at night. Many men
yet lie in their little shelter-tents simply in the
clothing they wear during the day, while others
beg a soanty corner of a comrade’s blanket, or pro
cure a corn sack as a partial protection. The
severe rain and wind, of Saturday and Sunday
nights, much increased colds throughout the differ
ent camps, and the many hospital houses, stretch
ing from Sandy Hook to Knoxville, received im
mense accessions. In addition to the necessity for
supplies, our delay perhaps springs from strategical
causes, known only to the two commanding generals
and their chiefs of staff.
A SKIRMISH WITH THE REBELS.
General Pleasanton, with his cavalry and artil
lery in the advance, had a skirmish yesterday
with a party of the enemy at Smieker’e Gap, losing
one of his regulars and five horses, by an exploding
shell. Gen. Hill’s command he finds at Upper-
Tille. Wagons being seen abundantly moving be
tween Bunker Hill and Winchester, proves that
the rebels have not altogether retreated south of
the latter place, as has been supposed What are
the proceedings of Gen. Pleasanton to-day will be
known only at a later hour.
SHE POSITION OF VARIOUS CORPS
A portion of General Slocum’s army corps yet
lingers in Pleasant Valley, while the rest are taking
a position on Bolivar Heights, to remain there at
present for the defence of Harper’s Perry, while
the army corps of Couch, encamped In
that locality, will, it is said, move forward as the
centre of our forces. I give this on report, not
knowing anything about it. One lie is as good as
another, and I claim similar privileges in that re
spect with correspondents of other papers. To in
dulge to an equal extent in these privileges, I,
however, by no mean? design.
If," as is said, Slocum’s army corps remains far
the defence of Harper’s Perry, sweethearts, wives,
and mothers interested in Pennsylvania, Maryland,
Delaware,, and New Jersey regiments, may desire
to know which remain behind screened from the pe
rils of battle. I therefore give them : The 46th,
124th, 125th, 128th, 28th, 111th, 109th, with
Knapp’s and Hampton’s batteries, from Pennsylva
nia; the 3d Delaware, 13th New Jersey, 3d Mary
land, and Purnell Legion from that State.
A visit to Pleasant Valley to-day revealed a de
lightful change. Where yesterday the air rung
with the sound of drums, trumpets, and rumbling
wagons, nothing disturbed the stillness of the deli
cious morning but the tinkling eow-bell and the
twitter of birds. Nature lay nestling in the smile
of heaven, and peace reigned supreme. 33.
«nJ7-8m
[Special Correspondence of The Press.]
Advance or the Army, Wheatland, Va.,
October 30
Wheatland, but not Wheatland, Pennsylvania, is
our present location. We have gained this point
by Blow marches, and are awaiting reinforcements,
that are coming up. Prom the appearance of this
lection of the country it has been heretofore visited
by hut small parties of either forces. The condition
of the fences, and the well-filled barns and stacks
of the farmers, attest to that fact. It is an old say
ing, “ that where the soldiers go the ohiokens.cease
crowing,” and fences disappear, as if by magic.
The citizens in this locality arc “ Sscesh,” from
appearances, as any white person that asks and
receives half a dollar for a small loaf of bread is,
emphatically speaking, no friend to the Union or
its supporters. A Union man rarely requests a
guard, upon his premises—a rebelalways; and’the
worst feature of the case is they attain one. Won*
dors never cease.
The weather eould not be finer for an advance,
and the roads are in an excellent condition. The
troops, enlivened by the cool, invigorating atmos
phere, march up lively, and with a spirit we have
as yet to see excelled. But few, if any, “strag
glers” are to be noticed, though heavy rear guards
follow each brigade to prevent falling to the rear.
A oemplete “ telegraph corps,” with apparatus,
are with the advance, while an “ engineer corps”
are “ around in spots.” Von will see them repair
ing a bridge in one place, and filling up a rut, or
levelling a steep bank in another. The pontoon
train is still on the banks of the Potomac in charge
of the three bridges they have constructed—one
above and below Harper’s Perry and one at Berlin.
Whether these bridges will remain at these points
this winter is doubtful, as the iee will scarcely per
mit them to remain unmolested.
Will we have a fight? The probabilities are
thought to be in favor of such a programme. One
thing we are certain of is: We came prepared for
such an emergency, and, if the army oomes in col
lision with some one’s friends and sympathisers,
the question to be decided will be, “ Who whip
ped?” The men of “ Antietam” were depended
upon to decide the important issue on that hard
contested field; they will maintain their credit in
future.
Some, if not many, of the Northern population
are dreading to open a newspaper, for fear that the
army will be noticed as going into “ winter quar
ters.” Now, for comfort, it’s rather too cool about
the Potomac for quarters in the season fast ap
proaching. The idea is to get as far South as pos
sible before cold weather comes on. We therefore
predict but a sport delay in the advance movement
so auspiciously and quietly commenced. When
next we write you, it will be from some point far
ther South than our presont location. Considerable
inconvenience is occasioned by the laok of pay
masters honoring the camps wi'.h their presence.
To a large portion of the troops four months’pay
is now due, while some have received no pay for
over six. The families of the men at home are in
reduced circumstances thereby, and it occasions
some great inconvenience, as they are in a great
measure dependent on the “ thirteen dollars a
month” for their support. As the cold weather
approaches, and their expenses become ‘ more
heavy, it will be a source of anxiety to the families
of the troops, and Government should do all in its
power to lessen the evil. Though the pay is but
small, some save money on the wages received,
and support their families beside. Let the pay
rolls be squared up, and the army will advance
with twice the animation.
The axes of the “ pioneer corps” are husily en
gaged providing the material for fuel and shelter,
as the weather at present has evtry appearance of
a rain. In the shelter-tents this ocoasions conside
rable disoomfort and long faces, and is never wel
comed by soldiers. We are advancing,‘‘Father
Abraham,” “ six hundred thousand more.”
John Ph»nis, Jp..
LETTER FROM JACKSON, TENN.
[Special Correspondence of The Press.]
Jackson, Tenn,, Oct. 29,1802,
In my last I wrote you of an expedition from Bo
livar, commanded by Major Mudd, in which some
of Jackson’s cavalry had been oaptured. The
whole number of prisoners taken by him was forty
five, mostly from Haywood’s company, of Jaokson’s
regiment. These men were raised in this immedi
ate neighborhood, and had been engaged in hunting
up and burning cotton. On receipt of the despatch
es from Major Mudd, Gen. Grant started on an ex
pedition from this place to go oyer a portion of the
same ground and capture the stragglers; for it is a
custom of these flying warriors to out through the
woods and return to the rear of our column as we
return from a scout, and continue their depreda
tions. Gen. Grant has pursued the policy of send
ing out detachments of cavalry at unexpected times,
and thus keeping the rebels in a constant state of
alarm and uncertainty. In this way this depart
ment has been kept tolerably free from guerillas,
and the Union people have been tolerably secure
in the possession of their property.
Anticipating some fun, and, perhaps, a little ex
-olccxattttfc^.T-XikfccU in orL any.THl -
Sexpedition, and thoughit was not productive of any
striking results, I enjoyed it very much, andj I am
inclined to think that a short account of what:l
saw and heard may interest your readers:
LEAVING JACKSON—A CAMP IN A GRATE-YARD.
We left Jackson at two o’clock in the afternoon
of Thursday, with three days' rations. Our force
consisted of Captain Foster’s company of Ohio
Cavalry, Gen. Grant’s body-guard,' and two com
panies of the Uth Illinois Cavalry, making a force
of one hundred and eighty-six men, all under the
command of Captain Foster. After a very hot and
dusty ride, nightfall found us at the town of Den
mark, The men picketed their horses in the
church-yard and slept in the church, while the
officers went to the hotel for supper. Our captain,
who was well acquainted along the route, appeared
to be a special favorite at this hostelrie, and insur
ed us a cordial reception. We washed the dust
from our hands and faces, and then went into the
parlor to wait until supper was prepared. I had
tied my haversack to my saddle, and thought it
would be safe, the first night anyhow, as I supposed
e-rery man would bring something to eat, and no
man would begin stealing his neighbor’s food until
at least the next morning. But, alas for my faith
in the virtue of Illinois cavalry ! My haversack,
with all its contents, was stolen from my saddle in
less than ten minutes after my horse was tied to
the fence. I was, therefore, reduced to the preca
rious resource of “ living off the country,” and. i
assure you that my forebodings, were dismal
enough. However, at supper my mind was reliev
ed, for we had, in addition to the regular dish of
bam and coin bread, chicken, sweet potatoes, but
ter, and eggs, whichis, for soldier’s fare, very luxu
rious.
KINGDOM COMING.
The house was genuinely Southern in every re
spect. The floors were bare, except a stray rug or
two on the parlor; the walls were bare, and ar
ranged with expreas reference to ventilation; there
was a bed in every room in the house except the
dining room, and the whole concern was bo ricketty
and dilapidated that if an ordinary-sized man
sneezed pretty hard it shook from turret to founda
tion stone. There were two fixtures which con
trasted oddly enough with the general appearance,
of squalor—a piano forte and a very pretty young
lady. One of our number happened to be quite a
musician, and the moment he saw the piano opened
it, and began to play the most astonishing variety
of marches, waltzes, polkas, jigs, sacred music, and
songs, at the sound of which, the rooms speedily
filled with auditors of all ages, sexes, and colors,
including the young lady aforesaid. Our musi
cian was something of a singer in his way, too,’ and,
informing Miss Betty that he was going to sing an
Abolition song, struck up “Kingdom coming.”
Miss Betty sat bolt-upright in her chair, her
eyes cast down, and her upper lip curled in rather
an exaggerated expression of scorn and contempt,
very firm, doubtless, in her own estimation, but
rather too “ sot”, for my taste. After the song was
finished the old man fairly roared. “ That, Bet,”
he said, “ that there beats the ‘ Bonnie Blue Flag,’
sho” (sure.) “No it don’t, neither,” shesnapped;
but it was very easy to see that , she was more
pleased than she cared to express. These people,
you see, were not clrivs. They had had few if any
negroes to lose, and the vivid and laughable de
scription of the reversed situation of master and
slave, when the “Linkum gunboats” came along,
brought up no unpleasant associations with it. A
little while afterwards, while Miss Betty was up
stairs, “getting the beds into a fix,” he struck up
the same song again, and he had not sung two lines
before the whole household, Betty included,, were
at the door listening with all their mights. Before
we left Miss Betty was so far thawed, that she pri
vately informed the captain that she would like to
have the words of that song, which I call a Union
victory, the first of our,trip. You know what Be
raDger said : “ Let me make the songs of a people,
and I care not who makes their laws.” Tou may
hear men singing “John Brown” every day, who
would have said a year ago, “ Is thy servant a dog
that he should do this thing?” and I ain quite sur
prised that the “ Battle Hymn of the Republic,”
which runs in a very elevated strain, and is in fact
an expression of the feelings of the “ sickly, senti
mental Abolitionists,” is a great favorite whenever
heard. .
THE BONNY BLUE FLAG.
Mins revenons. Miss Betty, on hearing her faf
ther’B insulting comparison of the Bonny Blue Flag
to the “Linkum Gunboats,” as they called it, de*.
termined to trump the vileAbolltion song. So she
rose with an air of conscious triumph, sat down to
the piano, and gave us that precious production of
Southern genius. I suppose you have seen it, as it
has appeared in the Northern papers. The air is
very pretty, and was first sung some centuries ago
inScotland. The words are nothing more norless
than a third-rate Southern stump speech, done into
wretched doggerel, which has no single attribute of
poetry except an occasional rhyme. All the
stale and foolish lies with which the chivalry
have been wont to excite the passions of
their people are here rehashed; It # is infi
nitely ridiculous. After this, Miss Betty gave
us “ Jeff Davis’ March,” in which I immediately
recognized two passages from quicksteps I used to
hear twenty years ago. But the levelling inftaenoe
of music made us,all feel good matured, and before
bed-limeoame our lovely Secesh champion had so
PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 3. 1862.
far come down from her stilts as to join us in some
sentimental duets and trios. The hatred of the
South for the Northern people is, abstractly con
sidered, a “big thing.” I think that if I had
sported a pair of shoulder straps I should have
prevailed on Miss Betty to try a wait* with a
“hated vandal,” and I think she would have sur
rendered at discretion. All things must end, and
so did our jolly evening, and one by one our party
slipped off to bed . The bed in the parlor was as
signed to me, and the landlord, with his two little
boys and a small nigger boy, very kindly remained
in the room until, I had undressed and gone to bed,
when they put out light and left me to my
dreams. . • . ''
A START FOR BROWNSVILLE.
The next morning we started bright and early
for Brownsville. About four miles this side of the
place is a high hill alongside the road, from whioh
our approach can be distinctly seen for some dis
tance. The captain, who was on the watoh for this
plan, rode to the head of the column just in time te
see a man jump on his horse and start at a gallop
for Brownsville. Two men were sent after him on
double quick, and soon overhauled him. He was
a villainous-looking rascal enough for a Sscession
ist ten times over. The captain how ordered a de
tachment of forty men to go forward and post
pickets at all the roads leading out of Brownsville,
and, shortly after, another .detachment of forty to
dash through the town and guard the roads on the
farther side from our approach, lest the first might
not have been able to get to them. The balance
followed leisurely, and at 11 o’olock we picketed
our horses in the court-house square.
AN ARAB WELCOME.
We found no Secesh soldiers;hero. Two had
passed through the town a few hours before our
advanced guard entered, hut hone were left. We
found one of Jackson’s cavalry, a lieutenant, who
had been oaptured and paroled by Major Mudd
two days before, while he was at home on a fur
lough. On conversing with him I found that he'
had been educated in my native State, and knew
several of my friends. He invited me and Lieu
tenant Sherloob, of the body guard, to dine with
Mm, and as the cravings of the flesh had become
somewhat importunate, we gladly consented. He
was a very pleasant fellow®, expressed tho most
vindictive hatred of the North, hut.didnjt see why
that should prevent us taking a drink together;
intimated a burning deeiro to drink our heart’s
blood if we met on the battle-field, but saw no
objection to our drinking his ooffee and tasting his
cheer under his own roof. When we were fairly
seated at the table, Lieutenant Sherloob remarked
very politely to his wife that he should think she
would prefer that her husband should stay in so -
comfortable .and happy a home as he had here,
rather than suffer the dangers and hardships of
war; whereupon Madam arose; and with the air of
a Pythoness, a Sid dons, and an Audrey, all in one,
shouted, with firm and awkward gesticulations,
“ Never-r-r-r! Never-r-r-r 1 So long as thf foot of
the bated invader pollutes our soil, I say he is worse
than a coward who suffers his patriotism to be
seduced by the blandishments of homo, and wife)
and children,” etc., etc., etc. I must say I was
rather “ took aback” at this, but I soon- found
that I must give the woman credit for sincerity at
least, for she was so full of, talk that she could
hardly find time te help us to the corned 'mutton
and turnips, and so full of venom that she could .
not refrain from abusing the Yankees.. Onb re
mark sbe made which I think worthy "of pre
servation. “Why,” she, said, “ your Northern
papers acknowledge that a force of Northern men
‘can’t whip an eq*al force of Southern men.” I
replied that she must have read that in the Chicago
Times, for there was an article in" that paper to
that effect. “Yes,” she said “she did; and w&s'
not that a Northern paper ?” “ No,” I told her,
“it was printed in a Northern city, but was
thoroughly Secession in its sentiments.” “Oh,”
she said, “ then we have a plenty in the North,
and the Yankees are divided against themselves;”
f ! Oh,” said I, “ the division don’t amount to muoh;
and it is an evidence of our strength that we oan
afford to let suoh little burs bark at us, while in the
South you don’t dare to tolerate any freedom of
opinion” “ Ah,” she replied, “itis a spark now,
but it will soon kindle tp a flame. We can .wait.
You Yankees will find that you cannot-prosecuto,
this unholy war, &c., &0-, Ac., without exciting
opposition in all Christian communities, &0., Ac.,
Ac.” The comfort and encouragement afforded to
the South by the Democratic papers at the North
Is one of the elements against which the loyal peo
..jolf- gr o c.hliot"*i UaUt. Tfc.ought to bo eliminated
as soon as possible. ' Our Government has been al
together too tender about that matter.- — ,
We finished' our dinner without ooming to blows,
and, in fact, in entire good nature, find the lieutenant
insisted on our taking another drink, and another,
and would undoubtedly have proceeded' in that
manner, ad infinitum,, had not the bugle sounded
“to horse.” So we parted in the most affectionate
manner, and our force again started in pursuit of
the mythical Secesh.
CAStPING BY THE ROADSIDE.
This night we camped in the road, in front of a
cornfield belonging to one Claiborne, tied our horses
to the Tail fence, and lay down by the roadside. By
ten o’clock the wind had changed, and it became
very cold. No fires were allowed, and some of the
men had a pretty bard time of it. Old Claiborne’s
house, up on the hill, looked very comfortable, but
our officers stuck to their work manfully, and rolled
themselves in the “foggy dew,” like Spartans. In
the night, one horse broke away and dashed down
the road, with his saddle under 'his belly and a rail:
fast to his haiter. He succeeded in Stampeding two
horses and frightening everybody that he passed'.
Towards morning, it became so bitter oold that
most of the men concluded to give up the ef
feminate luxury of sleep, and fry a fire. Seoesh
rails burn well, better- than any other kind
of wood. When daylight came, we killed a few
of Claiborne's pigs, and the men cooked the meat,
which, with sweet potatoes, formed.their only
breakfast. The officers went up to the big house
and asked for breakfast. Ho, they couldn’t ac
commodate us; they had not an ounce of flour nor
a pound of meat in the house. All their servants
were gone, and there was nobody to.coek it. They
couldn't get us any breakfast at all. So the cap
tain told them that breakfast must be ready in a
half an hour, and went out to see if he could fiod a
guide among the negroes. He founda very intel
ligent, manly-ldoking mulatto boy, who offered to
go; and wo then went back again to the men.- In
ha’f an hour we returned, and a nice hot breakfast
was ready. We had water and soap and towels
offered us to wash our faces, and ;I must-say I en
joyed hugely the mixture of defiance and con
ciliation with whioh everything appeared to be
done. The old lady, a fine old lady,'.too,
sat at the head of the table, and did
the honors. There was only one spoon on the
table, and with that she used to stir the sugar in
our coffee. She was gracious enough to say that
we treated her very differently from Major Mudd’s
men, who ran all over the house, stole her spoons,
broke her glasses, broke open and spilled her wine
and other nice stores, and in fact destroyed nearly
all they could not carry away. She hoped we would
not carry away any of her negroes. All had; gone
but one family, which she had raised, of which she
thought just as much as she would of her own
children. The young man'we had taken for a
guide, she said, was the prop of the household,
and he never would do so well anywhere else as
there. The captain told her she needn’t fear—we
only wanted tbeboy’s servioes as guide; if he chose to
go with us to Jackson we could not prevent him; but
he would be of no earthly use to us after he had per
formed the service required. ■ After breakfast we
looked for the boy, but he had gone. We hunted
and expostulated and threatened, but to no effect.
The bird had flown. So we took up our way on
general principles; and the result was lost our
road, and had to turn back five miles. Who should
we meet, just after turning back, but our guide
Aleck. He had gone off to get some money that
was owing him, and intended, in good faith, to
come back. When he returned, we had gone; and
his father and mother, and his mistress, too, hung
about him, and begged of him not to go with the
Yankees—they would sell him for twe dollars and
a half—they would haDg him, and al! that. Very
well, he told them, he would take the chances.
He had told Captain Foster that he would go with
him ; and if Captain Foster should ever see him
again, he would remember it against him, and he
was going any how. So he took the old lady’s
gray mare, which was just being hitched up in the
buggy for a ride, and threw a piece of carpet over
her back, and started for Captain Foster.
SLEIGHING TIMES.
The day was as cold and uncomfortable as could
well be imagised. Ihad no overcoat or gloves, and
it was snowing fast. It seems from the papers that
this snow storm commenced away up beyond Du
buque, and it must have-gone far below here. In
Jackson some of the officers of the 45th Illinois had
a sleigh ride. Think of that! A sleigh ride in
Southern Tennessee on the 25th of October : “ All
along of them blarsted.Yankees!” But in spite of
the eold weather I enjoyed myself talking with
Aleck. He is an intelligent contraband, without
any discount. He said that his master, old Clair
borne, wasmighty heavy Seceshj” that he got on
his horse and cutforhis camp every morning e arly,
and that hearing our bugle he staid there last night;
that ho only came home to meals, and never took
the saddle off his horse, and that he lived in •per
petual fear of being arrested He treated his ne
groes shamefully 'Hfntil the war commenced.
Aleck’s father was a blacksmith, and had contrived
seme fifteen years ago, to scrape together two hun
dred and fifty dollars. This money he loaned to a
rich man at six per eent. interest, and though the
manwas able to pay, old Claiborne, held the note
and would not give it up, though he had repeSted
y been requested to. Chivalry ! This same man
often earns his master two dollars and a half a day
for months at a time', and all he gets for his labor
is an occasional beating because he don’t earn more.
Chivalry ! No wonder the old lady was so anxious
not to part with her “family,” that she was so fond
of! What a blessedjthing the patriarchal institu
tion Is! Aleck’s ideas of the cause of the war, Its
probable results, the best mode of action for the
negroes, and the real value of the present change in
their situation, and in fact of every thing relating to
the war, were remarkably shrewd and mature'. Al
eck does not look like a negro He is not darker than
many whitemen, and his features have but little of
the negro oast. Said he, “ I want to see this'country
comedoten. You can’t bring them down Mr. -
without you ruin them. Pride built them up, and
nothing but poverty will bring them down. You
may take away everything they have but
their darkeys, and they stand it very well, but as
soon as you take a nigger they begin to weep and
wail and gnash their teeth. You take the ground
right! out from under them. If you take cotton
they can plant more. If you take horses and
mules, they caD get more. So with corn and ail kinds
of produce. But you take a nigger and you but off
their supply. The nigger is the producing machine.
He turns out everything. If you take him away
■it is like taking the principal, and if you only take
'cotton it is like taking only the interest; more will
come next year, Then their pride is in it too.
They hate to lose a slave, it makes them mad.
They tell ( us all sorts of foolish stories about the
Yankees. But I tell the nigger folks about
ino that they aint true. Why, the
Yankees are the smartest people In the world.
They make everything wo get—all our tools and
elothes and furniture and everything.” “Doyou
think you would be any better off,” I asked, “ if the
Yankees should conquer and occupy this country?”.
“ Well, I don’t know,” said he, “we can’t be any
worse off. I tell all the colored people about here
if they have got good homes that they had better
stay where they are till the thing is settled. They
can’t be any worse off, and if they runoff they have
no homes, and perhaps can’t get any work, and if
they go North they don’t understand the country,
and it is too cold.” After Aleck had carried us
as far as ho could, the captain told him he might go
back or stay, as he chose; but he concluded to come
to Jackson awhile and try it, When he wants to
go back he can, and then, he says, they will think
a good deaf more of him, since they will have
l«gned his value.
THE COTTON CROP.
Many other things of note occurred during our
trip, but my letter is already too long. We found
in some localities a good many small farmers.
They were all Union people. Wherever you find
large plantations yon find the people Secessionists.
Most of those have lost nearly all their negroes;
some are "shrewd enough to stay, but a good many
go off. The country is suffering for the want of
good laborers. In one place we found some sixty
or seventy bales of cotton, of the last year’s crop,
which had neither been ginned nor baled, but was
lying loose in the storehouse and rotting. The
owner was a widow lady, who was afraid to gin it,
or press it, for fear it would be taken and burned
by the guerillas. The cotton-burners are very un
popular here - ; Even the Secesh hold on to their
cotton, and the. moment the road is clear rush it
into market. About one-fourth of a crop has been
planted this year, but it will be worth, if it can be
picked, as much as a full crop -formerly was. We
passed many cotton fields where the cotton was
suffering to be picked, and would probably rot on
the stalk.’: The negroes have nearly all run away,
and in most oases taken mules and wagons with,
them.
RESULT OF OUR TRIP .
So you see our trip was productive of nothing but
one prisoner, hard rides; long fasts, cold nights,
and a good deed of fun. All the rebel cavalry had
gone South, and, in fact, as soon as we arrived at
Jackson, we found an alarm rawed about an intend
ed attack on Corinth. A large cavalry force had
been sten hovering about Grand Junction. The
information' we had gathered explained all this. It
was merely the concentration of the portions of
Faulkner’s and Jackson’s cavalry, which had re
cently been overthe ground we traversid in this trip,
but I think many days cannot elapse before we
have a fight. ’.Rostcrans will' drive Bragg out *of;
Kentucky, and reinforcements will be sent to Price;
and we may then expect an attaok at some point
hire. . Casco;
> CoLTOßtrs, October 2S, 1862.
The expedition to Charleston. Mo. , 34miIesfrom
JNew Marirfii,'under command of Captain-Rogers,
coifipiiny li. 2d Artillery, has been eminently suc
cessful,.disporting the guerillas, hilling ten, mor
tally wounding two, captu ing Colonel Clarke, la
command, Captain Clarke, three lieutenants, three
surgeons, 37 men, 73 stand of arms, 42 horses, 13
mules, 2 wagons, and a large quantity of ammuni
tion; burning their barracks and magazine, en
tirely breaking up the whole concern. Ko loss on
outside: ' Casco;
Burning of the Aileganian by the Rebels
[Correspondent!! of The Press.]
United States'Steamer Crusader;
Chesapeake BAr, October 29, 1862.
This mornkg, about three o’clock, a light was
discovered by the watch on deck, who reported the
same to the captain with the belief that it was a
ship on fire. We immediately weighed anchor, and
stood for the light under aMI head of steam. At
6 A. M.,- we stopped close to her, and learned from
the second mate of the ship the following par
ticulars: She left Baltimore on Thursday last,
loaded with guano, bound to London, and had had
variable winds. Yesterday afternoon she came to
anchor off the of the Rappahannock river
for the night. About 10 P. M , five boats, loaded
with rebels armed with revolvers and cutlasses,
came alongside and took possession of her. After
tying all her crew, they ransacked the ship; taking
all of the sugar, tea, coffee, and everything of any
value. They then left, taking the captain, mate,
and pilot with them, and ordering the rest of the
crew to follow them to Mob Jack bay. They also
look all of the bedding out of the oabin, and hav
ing piled it up in the after hatch, set fire to-the
ship. When they had gone some distance, the
boats became separated, and the second officer
steered around the bay hailing one or two steam
boats, which did not go to their assistance. They
accordingly returned to their ship, and awaited the
arrival of the Crusader, when the captain sent
boats to their assistance. The ship having a large
quantity of powder in her magazine, the captain
did not deem it prudent to go alongside. After
using the buckets, however, and finding that the,
fire was cheeked, he had the ship brought near
enough alongside to allow the steam pumps to be
effectually used, when the fire was soon got under,
About two hours after we arrived, the steamer
Maple leaf came alongside, but its assistance not
.being required, it stood on down the bay for
Fortress Monroe. Wo remained by the Aileganian
till twelve o’clock, when, leaving par t of the drew
and two officers in charge, we started for Yorktown
to notify the flag-officer of the affair, and to find
out what was to be done with her. - She is a fine,
large ship owned in New York, and has a full
cargo of guano. The value of the vessel and cargo
will not fall far short of 8150,000. I learned that
a rebel expedition has been some time fitting out
for-thc purpose of destroying the vossels that may
be compelled to come to anchor near the Virginia
shore. A few more Federal cruisers are needed in
these waters. -
October 31.—After keeping the fire confined
to the hold of the Aileganian for twenty-four
hours we started for Yorktown. We succeeded in
towing her to the mouth of York river, when the
fire.bfoke out again, and we were forced to part
company, first anchoring her, however. She burned
until two o’clock this morning, when she sank in
six fathoms of water.
Cheering Progress.
To the Editor of The Press:
Sir : It is significant to notice that while certain
Northern States are going for the Breckinridge tickets,
owing to the absence of the soldiers, that in those Bor
der States which have seen most of the war, a strong
emancipation sentiment is springing up. This truth wilt
be »een by reference to the present Congressional canvass
in Missouri. Never before have the Republicans been
able to support a candidate outßide of St. Louis. Now,
»b the subjoined list will show, they have distinctive pro
emancipation, pro-confiscation candidates, in every dis
trict but one. Unfortunately; in a majority of the
districts, there are divisions, which make success doubt
ful.' Tbe following list of candidates, pledged to emanci
pation .may be relied upon as correct: First district,
Samuel Knox, F. ! P. Blair; Second, H. T. Blow, T. S.
Nelson / Third, John W. Noell; Fourth, John R. Kelso;
Sixth, H. B. Bouton,-W. J, 21 organ; Seventh, H B.
Branch, Benj. Loan; Eiihth, H. M. Woodyard, Who.
Bishop:.Ninth, Arnold Krekel. .
Tbe Republicans have strong hopes of carrying the
First, Second,Third, Sixth; Eighth, and Ninth districts,
although tlity never previously have had more than
one member. Now, they claim three districts as cer
tain, and have hopes for others.
I am truly and sincerely yours, GIRARDEAU.
A Car* from Mr. Scovel
To the Public —The Breckinritfgers have again de
corated me with their cenßure. If they had praised me
I should regard it as a calamity. These <> northern
patriots with South' m principles” have given me the
latest evidence of their venom in an affidavit, published
In the Camden Democrat of November I, attaching my
per sonal and pi ofessional honor. That affidavit is utter
ly false in its statements and insinuations. Tshall con
tinue in my course, and cannot be intimidated by the
men who betrayed Stephen A. Douglas, and are ready
how to betray our Government into the hands of its
enemies. The last admonition given ms by Mr. Dou
glas (at the Girard House in I 860) was in these words:
l - Do not affiliate with the friends of Breckinridge ;
they are the enemies of our country.” I have remem.
fcered that leSson. Who now rn’e the openfoesof the
American Union in New Jersey 1 The friends of Dou
glas l Let Hodman Brice and David Barr answer. I
take my appeal from the Breckinrldgere to the loyal
people of New Jersey. Democrats! Be publicans! as
you revere the memory of yourdead leader—as.yon have
faith in the honesty of Abraham Lincoln—as jou love
your country in its struggle for life or death—l adjure
you; slami by the stars and stripes. Not a month ago.
Lewis Oase said, “ Young man, the Government is
right; we mustsustain it.” It is never or how with the
Republic, and I entreat you that, at the ballot box on
Tuesday next, you
• “ Btiifee! for your altars and your fires,
Strike! The green graves of your sires,
God and your native land.”
JA.ME3 SI. SOOVtr,
Cawdek, Hov, 3,1882.
Ex-President Buchanan’s Reply to Gen.
Scott.
To the Editors of the National Intelligencer :
On Wednesday last I received the National In
telligencer containing General Scott’s address to
the public. This is throughout an undisguised
censure of my conduct during the last months of
the Administration in regard to the seven Cotton
States now in rebellion. From our past relationsT
was greatly surprised at the appearance of suoh a
paper. In one aspect, however, it was highly gra
tifying. It has justified me, nay, it has rendered it
absolutely necessary, that I should no longer re
main silent in respect to charges which have been
long vaguely circulating; but are now endorsed by
the responsible name of General Scott.
I. The first and most prominent among theHe
charges is my refusal immediately to garrison nine
enumerated fortifications, Scattered over six of the
Southern States, according to the'recommendation
of Gen. Scott, in his “views" addressed to the
War Department on the 29th and 30th of October,
1860. And it has even been alleged that if this had
been dona it might have prevented the civil war.
Tbisrefusal is attributed, -without the least cause,
to the,influence of Governor Floyd. All my Cabi
net must bear me witness that I was the President
myself, responsible for all the acts of the Adminis
tration ; and certain it is that, during the lost six
months previous to the 29th December, 1860, the
day on which he resigned his office, after my re
quest, he exercised less influence on the Adminis
tration than any other member of the Cabinet. Mr.
Holt was immediately thereafter transferred from
the Post Office Department to that of War; ss that,
from this time until the 4th March, 1861, which was
by far the most important period of the Adminis
tration, he performed the duties of Secretary of
War to my entire satisfaction.
But why did I not immediately garrison these
nine fortifications, in such a manner, to use the lan
guage of Gen. Scott, “as to make any attempt to
take any one of them by surprise or coup-de-main
ridiculous ?” There is one answer both easy and
conclusive, even if other valid reasons did not
exist. There were no available troops within
reach whioh could be sent to these fortifications.
To have attempted a military operation on a
scale so extensive by any means within the Presi
dent’s power would have been simply absurd. Of
this Gen. Scott himself seems to have been convin
ced, for on the day after the date of his first “views”
he addressed (on the 30th October) supplemental
views to the War Department, in which he states ;
“ There, isone (regular) company in Boston, one
here, (at the Narrows ), one at f’lttsburg, one at
Augusta, (Ga), one at Baton Rouge’.’—in all
five companies only within reach to garrison or
reinforce the forts mentioned m the “ views.”
Five companies—four hundred men—-to octupy
and reinforce nine fortifications in six highly excited
Southern States! The force “within reach” was
so entirely inadequate that nothing more need be
said on the subject. To have attempted such a mi
litary operation with so feeble a force, and the Pre
sidential election impending, w#uld have b ten an
invitation to collision and secession. Indeed, if the
whole American army, consisting then of only six
teen thousand men, had been “ withinreach,” they
would have been scarcely sufficiontfor this purpose.
Such was our want of ,'troops that, although Gen.
Scott, believing, in opposition to the opinion of the
committee raised in the House of Representatives,
that the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln might be in
terrupted by military force, was only able to assem
ble at Washington, so late as the 4th March, six
hundred and fifty-three tags, rank and file of the
army. And, to make up* this number, even the
sappers and miners were brought from West Point.
But why was there no greater force within reach 1
This question could be bettor answered by General
Scott himself than by any other person. - Our
Small regular army, with the exception of a few
hundred men, were out of reach, on . our remote
frontiers, where it had been continuously stationed
for years, to protect the inbabi ants and the emi
grants on their way thither against the attacks of
hostile Indians. All were insufficient, and both
General Scott and-myself had endeavored in vatu
to prevail upon Congress to raise several additional
regiments for this purpose. In recommending this
augmentation of the army, the General states, in
his report to the War Department of November, -
1857, that “it would not more than furnish there-,
inforcements now greatly needed in Florida, Texas,,
New Mexico, California, Oregon. Washington, (T.)
Kansas, Nebraska, Minnesota, leaving not a com-'
pany for Utah.” And again, in his report of No
vember, 1858, he says :
“This want of troops to give reasonable security to
our citizens in distant settlements,; inoluding emigrants
on the plains, can scarcely foe too strongly slated ; but
1 will only add, that as often sb we have been obliged ts
withdraw troops, from one frontier in order to reinforce
another, the weakened points have been instantly at
tacked or threatened with forini; able invasion.’’
These “ views” of General icott exhibit the crude
notions then prevailing even among intelligent and
patriotic men on this subject of secession. In the
first sentence the General, whilst stating that “ to
save time the right.of secession may be conceded,”
y etimmediately says: “ this is instantly balanced by
tbe correlative right on the part of the FcdaraL
Government against an interior State or States to :
re-establish by force, if necessary, its former contin
uity of territory,” (For this he cites “Paley’s
Moral and Political Philosophy, last ohapter.” It
may be there, but I have been unabie to find it.)
Whilst it is difficult to ascortaindm precise mean
ing in this passage, he renders what he did v»ef mean
quite clear in Ms. supplementary “views.” In
these he says : “It will be seen‘that the 1 views’
only apply to a ease of secession that makes a gap'
in the present Union,” The falling off, say, of Texas,
or of all the Atlantic States, from the Potomao
south (the very case which has occurred), was not
within the Ecope of Gen. S.’s “ provisional reme
dies ;” that is to say, to establish by force, if neces
sary, the continuity of our territory. In his “ views”
he also states as follows: “ But break this glorious
Union by whatever line or lines that political mad
ness may contrive, and there would be no hope of
recruiting the fragments except by the laceration
and despotism of the sword. To effect such result the
intestine wars of eur Mexican neighbors would,
in comparison with ours, sink into mere child’s
play.” In the General’s.opimon, “asmalier evil
(than these intestine wars) would be to allow the
fragments of the great Repablio to form them
selves into now Confederacies, probably four. ’’ He
then points out what ought to bo the boundaries
between the new Unions,.and at the end of each
goes so far as even to indicate the cities which
ought to be the capitals of the three first on this
side of the Rocky mountains, to wit, “ Columbia,
South Carolina,” “ Alton, or Quincy,lllinois,” and
“Albany, New York,” excluding Washington city
altogether. This indication of capitals oontained
in the original now in my possession, is curiously
omitted in the version published in the National
Intelligencer. He designates no capital for the
fourth Union on the Pacific. The reader-will judge
what encouragement these views, proceeding from
so distinguished a source, must have afforded to the
Secessionists of the Cotton States.
I trust I have said enough, and more than
enough, to convince every mind why I did not,
with a force of five companies, attempt to reinforce
Forts Jackson and. St. Philip, dn'thc Mississippi;
Fort Morgan, below Mobile; Forts Pickens and
Mcßae, in Pensacola harbor; Fort Pulaski, below
Savannah; Forts Moultrie and Sumpter; Charles
ton harbor, and Fort Monroe, in Virginia.
These “views,” both original and supplemen
tary, were published by (general Scott in the
National Intelligencer of January 18,1861, at
the most important and critical period of the Ad
ministration. Their publication, at that time,
could do no possible good, and might do much harm.
To have published them, without the President’s
knowledge and consent, was as much in violation of
the sacred confidence which ought to prevail be
tween the commanding general of the army and the
Commander-In-Chief as it would have been ferthe
Secretary of War to publish the same documents
without his authority. What is of more importance,
their publication was calculated in juriously to affect
the compromise measures then pending before Con
gress and the country, and to encourage the Se
cessionists in their mad and wicked attempt to
shatter the Union into fragments. From ttie great
respect which I then entertained for the General I
passed it over in silence.
It is worthy of remark that soon after the Presi
dential election representations of what these
“views” contained, of more or less correctness,
were unfortunately .circulated, especially through
out the South.' The editors of the National In
telligencer, in assigning a reason for their publi
cation, state that both in public prints and in pub
lic speeches allusions had been made to them; and
some misapprehensions of their character had got,,
abroad/' ■’ - 1/*'-
IRand 111. General Scott states that he arrived
in Washington on the 12th, and, accompanied by
the Secretary of War, held a conversation with the
President on the 15 th December. Whilst I have
no recollection whatever of this conversation, he
doubtless' states correctly that I did refuse'to
send three hundred men to reinforce Major
Anderson at Fort Moultrie, who had not then
removed to Fort Sumpter. The reason for
this refusal- is manifest to all who recollect
the history of the time. But twelve'days beiore,
in the annual message of the 3d December, I had
urged upon Congress the adoption of amendments
to the Constitution of the same character with those
subsequently proposed by Mr. Crittenden, called
the “ Crittenden Compromise.’ ’ At that time high
hopes were entertained throughout the country that
these would be adopted. Besides, I believed, and/,
this correctly, as the event proved, that Major An
derson was then in no danger of attack. Indeed, he
and his command were then treated with marked
kindness by the authorities and people of Charles
ton. Under these circumstances, to have sent such
a force there would have been only to impair the
hope of compromise, to provoke collision, and dis
appoint the country.
There are some details of this conversation in re
gard to which the General’s , memory must be de
fective. At present I shall specify only one. I
could not have stated that on a future contingent
occasion I would telegraph “Major Anderson, of
Fort Moultrie, to hold the Forts (Moultrie and
Sumpler) against attackbecause, with prudent
precaution, this had already been done several days
before through a special messenger sent to Major
Anderson for this very purpose. I refer to Major
Buell, of the army.
The General’s supplementary note of the same
day, presenting to me General Jaokson’s conduct
in 183,1, during the period of nullification, as an
example, requires no special notice. Even if the
eases were not entirely different, I had previously
determined upon apolioy of my own, as willappear
from my annual message. This was, at every
hazard to collect the customs at Charleston, and
outsid o of the port, if need be, in a vessel of war.
, Mr. Colcbok, the existing collector, as I had antici
pated, resigned his office about the end of Decem
ber, and immediately thereafter I nominated to the
Senate as his successor a'suitable person, prepared
at any personal risk to do his duty. That body;
however, throughout its entire session, declined to
act on this Thus, without a collector, :
it was rendered impossible to collect the revenue.
IV. General Scott’s statement alleges thattho
Brooklyn, with Captain Yogdes’ company alone,
left the Chesapeake for Fort Pickens about January
22d, and on the 29th President Buchanan, having
entered into a quasi armistice with oeitaia leading
Seceders at Pensacola and elsewhere, caused Secre
taries Holt and Toucey to instruct in a joint note
the commander of the war vessels off Pensacola,
and Lieut.- Slemmer, commanding Fort Piokens, to
oommitno act of hostility, and not to land Captain
Yogdes’ company, unless the fort should be at
tacked.” He afterwards states, within brackets,
“ That joint note I never saw, but suppose the ar
mistice was consequent upon the meeting of the;
Peace Convention at Washington, and was under-.
' stood to terminate with it.” ? :
These statements betray a singular want of memo
TWO CENTS-
ry on the part of General Scott. .It is soareely
credible that this yery joint note, presented in suah
odious eolors, was submitted to General Scott on the
day it was prepared (28th January), and met his
entire approbation. I would not venture to make
this assertion if I did not possess conclusive evi
dence to prove it. On that day Secretary Holt ad
dressed me a note, from which the following is an
extract : ‘‘l have the satisfaction ofsayiiig that on
submitting the paper to General 3colt he ex
pressed, himself satisfied with it, saying that
there could be no objection to the arrangement in
a military point of view or otherwise This re
quires no comment. That the General had every
reason to be satisfied with the arrangement will ap
pear from the following statement:
A revolutionary outbreak had occurred in
Florida; the troops of the United States had beta
expelled from Pensacola and the adjacent navy
, yard; and Lieut. Slemmer, of the artillery, with
his brave little command, had been forced to take
refuge in Fort Pickens, where he was in imminent
danger every moment of being oaptured by a vastly
superior force. Owing to the interruption of regu
lar communications Secretary Holt did not receive
information of these events until several days after
their occurrence, and then through a letter ad
dressed to a. third person. Ho instantly informed
the President of the fact, and reinforcements, pro
visions, and military stores were despatched by the
Brooklyn to Fort Pickens without a moment’s' un
necessary delay. She left Fortress Monroe on the
24th of January.
Well-founded apprehensions were, however, en
tertained at the time of her departure that the re
inforcements, with the veßßels of war at no great
distance from Fort Pickens, could not arrive in
time to defend it against the impending attack. In
this state of suspense, and whilst Lieutenant Slem
mer was in extreme peril, Senators Slidell, Hunter,
and Bigler received a telegraphic despatoh from
Senator Mallory, of Florida, dated at Pensacola,
on the 28th January, with the urgent request that
they should lay it before the President. This de
spatch expressed an earnest desire to maintain the
peace, as well as the most positive assurance that
no attack would be made on Fort Pickens if the
present status should be preserved.
This proposal was carefully considered, both with
a view to the safety of the fort and to the unhappy
effect which ah actual collision, either at that or
any other point, might produce on the Peace Con
vention then about to assemble at Washington, The
result was that a joint despatch was carefully pre
pared by the Secretaries of War and Navy, accept
ing the proposal, with important modifications,
which was transmitted by telegraph on the 2’Jth
January, to Lieutenant Slemmer, and to the naval
commanders near the station. It is too long for
transcription; suffice it to say, it was carefully
guarded at every point for the security of the fort,
and its free communication with Washington.
The result was highly fortunate. The Brooklyn
had a long passage.. Although she'left Fortress
Monroe on the 24th of January, she did not arrive
at Pensacola until the 6th of February. In the mean
time Fort Pickens with Lieut. Slemmer (whose con
duct deserves high commendation), and his brave
little band, were placed, by virtue of this arrange
ment, iu perfect security until an adequate force
had arrived to defend it against any attack. The
fort is still in our possession. Well might General
Scott have expressed his satisfaction with this ar
rangement. The General was correct in the sup,
position that this arrangement was.to expire on the
termination of the Peaca Convention.
V. But we wow come to an important period,
when dates will be essentially necessary to dis
entangle the statement of General Scott, The
South Carolina Commissioners were appointed on
the 22d, and arrived in Washington on the 2Tth
December. The day after their arrival it was an
nounced that Major Anderson had removed from
Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumpter. This rendered
them furious. On the same day, they addressed an
angry loiter to the President demanding the sur-'
render of Fort Sumpter. The President answered
this letter on the 30th December by a peremptory,
refusal. This brought forth a reply from the Com
missioners on the 2d January, 1861, of such an in
sulting character that the President instantly re
turned it to them with the following endorsement:
“ This paper, ; just presented to the President, is of
such a character that ha declines to receive it. ”
From that time forward all friendly, political, and
personal intercourse finally ceased between the re
volutionary Senators and the President, and he was
severely attacked by them in the Senate, and espe
cially by Mr. Jefferson Davis. Indeed, their in
tercourse had previously been of the coldest cha
racter ever since the President’s anti-Beoession
message at 'the commencement of the session of
Congress.
Under these changed circumstances, General
Scott, by nete on Sunday, the 30th December, ad
dressed the following inquiry to the President:
“Win the President permit General Scott, without
reference to the War Department, and otherwite as se
emly as possible, to send two hundred and fifty recruits
from New York harbor to reinforce Fort Sumpter, to-,
gather with some extra muskets or rifles, ammunition,
and subsistence “ It is hoped that a sioop-of-war and
cutter may be ordered for tho same purpose <tomor-
The General seems not, to have then known that
Mr. Floyd was out of office. v
Never did a request* meet a more prompt com
pliance. It was reoeived dn, Sunday De
cember 30th. On Monday Morning I gaveTnstruc
tions to the War. and 'Navy. Departments, and on
Monday evening General Scott came ,ty congratu
late me that the Secretaries bad issued the neces
sary orders to -the army acd navy officers; and that
they were in his possession. The Brooklyn, with
troops, military stores, and provisions, was to sail
forthwith from-Fortress Monroe for Fort Sumter.
I am, therefore, utterly at a loss to imagine why
the General, in his statement, should have asserted
that “ the South Carolina Commissioners had al
ready been many days in Washington and no move
ment of defence (on the part of the United States)
was permitted,” These Commissioners arrived in
Washington on. the 2Tth December; Gen. Scott’s
request was made to the President on the 30th. It
was complied with on the 31st, and a single' day is
all thatrepresents the “many days’W the General.
Again, General Scott asserts, in the face of these
facts, that the President refused to allow any at
tempt to be made—to reinforce Fort Sumpter—be
cause he was holding negotiations with the South
Carolina Commissioners. And still again, , that
“ afterwards Secretary Holt and myself endeavored,
in vain, to obtain a ship-of-war for the purpose,
and were finally obliged to employ the passenger
steamer “ Star of West.” Will it be believed that
the substitution of the “ Star of West” for the
powerful war steamer Brooklyn, of which he now
complains, was by the advice of General Scott
himself ? I have never heard this doubted until I
read the statement.
At the interview already referred to between the
General and myself, on the evening of Monday, the
31st of December, I suggested to him that, although
I had notreceived the South Carolina Commissioners
in their official capacity, but merely as private
gentlemen, yet.it might be considered an improper
act to send the Brooklyn with reinforcements to
Fort Sumpter until I had received an answer from
them to my letter of the preoedlDg day; that the
delay oould not continue- more than forty-eight
hours. He promptly concurred in this suggestion
as gentlemanly and proper, and the orders were not
transmitted to the Brooklyn on that evening. My
anticipations were correct, for on the morning of the
2d of Januaxy l received their insolent note, and
sent it back to them. In the meantime, however,
the General had become convinced, by the repre
sentations of a gentleman whom I forbear tp name,
that the better plan, as the Secretaries of War and
the Navy informed me, to secure seoreey and suc
cess; and reach the fort, would be to send a fast
side-wheel mercantile steamer from New York with
the reinforcement. Accordingly the “ Star of the
West” was selected for this duty. The substitution
of this mercantile steamer for the Brooklyn, which
would have been able to defend herself in case of
attack, was reluctantly yielded by me to the high
military judgment of General Scott.
The change of programme required a-brief space
of time ; but the Scar of the West left New York
for Charleston on the evening of the sth January..
On the very day, however, when this ill-fated
steamer left New York, a telegram was despatched
by Gen. Scott to Col. Scott to countermand her dec
parture ; but it did not reach its destination until
after she had gone to sea. The reason for this coun
termand shall be stated in the language of Secre
tary Holt, to be found in a letter addressed by him
to Mr. Thompson, the late Secretary of the Into,
rior, on the 6th March, 1861; and published in the
-National Intelligencer. Mr. Holtsays : ; ;
: “ She countermand spoken of (by’Mr. Thompson) was
- not more cordially sanctioned by the President than it
was by General Scott and myself; not baoause of any
diseentfrom too order on the part of the President, but
because of a letter received that day from Meier A'nder
eod, stating, in effect,'that he regarded himself secure in
his position; and yet more, from intelligence which late
on Saturday evening (6th January, 1861) reached the
Department that a heavy batter y had been erected among
the sand hills, at the entrance to Charleston harbor,
which would probably destroy any unarmed vessel (and
such was the Star of the West) which might attempt to
make its way to Fort Snmpter. Thisjmportant informa
tion satisßed the Goverment that there was no present
necessity for sending reinforcements, and that when sent,
they should go, not in a vesrel of commerce, but of war.
Hence the countermand was despatched by telegraph to
New York; but the vessel had sailed a short time before
it reached the officer (Col. Scott) to whom it was ad
dressed.”.
A statement of these facts, established by dates,
proves conclusively .that the President was not only
willing but anxious in the briefest period to rein
force Soft Sumpter. .
On the 4th of January, the day before the depar
ture of the Star of the West from New York, as
Gen. t cott in his statement admits, succor was sent
to Port Taylor, Key West, and to Port Jefferson,
Tortugas Islaad, which reached these points in
time for their security. He nevertheless specu
lates on the consequences whioh might have follo w
ed had the reinforcements notreaohed their destina
tion in due time ; and even expresses the extraordin
ary opinion that, with the possession of these forts,
“ the rebels might have purchased an early recog :
nit-ion.”
I shall next advert to the statement that the ex
pedition under Captain Ward “of three or four
small steamers belonging to the Coast Survey,
was kept back by something like a truce or armis
tice, [made here,J embracing Charleston and Pen
sacola harbors, agreed upon between the late Presi
dent aDd certain principal decoders of South Caro
lina, Plorida, Louisiana, Jkc. And this truce lasted
to the end of the Administration.” Things alto
gether distinct in their nature are often so blended
in this statement that it. is difficult to separate
them.' Such is eminently the case in connecting
-the facts relative to. Charleston with Pensacola,
lining already treated of the charge of having
kept’back -reinforcements from Pensacola, I shall
now say something of the charge of having also
kept them back from Charleston. Neither a truce,,
nor quasi truce,'nor anything like it, was ever
concluded between the President and any human
authority concerning Charleston. On thecontrary,
the . South Carolina commissioners, first and _last,
and‘all the time, were informed that the President
could never surrender Port Sumpter, nor deprive
himself of the most entire liberty to send reinforce
ments to it whenever it was believed to be in dan
ger, or requested by Major Anderson. It is strange
that Gen. Scott was not apprised of this well-known
fact. It was then, with some astonishment, that
I learned from the statement of the general that
he had, on the 12th March, 1861, advised that
Major Anderson should be instructed to evacuate
the fort as soon as suitable transportation could be
procured to carry himself and his command to
New York. A military, necessity for a capitula
tion-may have existed in case-there should be an
attack upon the fort, or a demandfpr its surrender;
but : surely none such could have existed for its
voluntary surrender and abandonment. :
Probably that to which the General means to re-
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fer was not the quasi, hut the actual truce of arms
concluded at Charleston on the 11th January, 1861,
between Governor Pickens and Major Anderson,
without the knowledge of the President. It was on
the Bth of January that the* Star of the West, un
der the American flag, was fired upon in the har
bor of Chariest™, by order of Governor Pickens.
Immediately after this outrage . Major Anderson
sent a flag to the Governor, stating that he pre
sumed the act bad been unauthorized, and for that
reason he _ had not opened fire from Fort Sumpter
on the adjacent batteries; but demanding its dis
avowal, and, if this were not sent in a reasonable
time, he would consider it war, and fire on any ves
sel that attempted to leave the harbor. Two days
after this occurrence, on the 11th January, Gover
nor Pickens had the audacity to demand of Major
AnderEon the surrender of the fort. In his answer
of the same date the Major made the following pro
position : « Should your Excellency deem fit, pre
vious to a resort to arms, to refer this matter to
Washington, it would afford me the sincerest plea
sure to depute one of my officers to accompany any
messenger you may deem proper to be the bearer
of your demand.” This proposition was promptly
accepted by the Governor, and, in pursuance there
of, he sent on his part Hon. J. W. Hayne, the At
torney General of South Carolina, to Washington,
whilst Major Anderson deputed Lieut. Hall, of the
United States Army, to accompany him. These
gentlemen arrived together in Washington on the
evening of the 13th January, when the President
obtained the first knowledge of the transaction.
But it wiil be recollected that no time intervened
between the return of the Star of the West to New
York and the arrival of the messenger bearing a
copy of the truce at Washington, within which it
would have been possible to send reinforcements to
Fort Sumpter. Both events occurred about the same
time. :
Thus a truce, or suspension of arms, was con
cluded between the parties, to continue until the
queslion of the surrender of the fort should be de
cided by the President. Until this decision Major
Anderson had placed it out of his own power to ask
for reinforcements, and equally out of the power of
the Government to send them without a violation of
public faith. This was what writers on public law
denominate “ a partial truce under which hostili
ties are suspended only in certain places, as be
tween a town and the army besieging it.” It is
possible that the President, under the law 3 of war,
might have annulled this truce, upon due notice to
the opposite party ; but neither General Scott nor
any other person ever suggested this expedient.
This would have been to cast a reflection on Major
Anderson, who, beyond question, acted from the
highest and purest motives. Did General Scott
ever propose to violate this truce during its exist
ence T If he did. lam not now, and never was,
aware of the fact. Indeed, I think he would have
been one of the last men in the world to propose
Eucha measure.
Col. Hayne did not deliver the letter which he
bore from Governor Pickens, demanding the sur
render of the fort, to the Presidentnntil the Mat of
January. The documents containing the reasons
for this worrying delay were communicated to Con
gress in a special message of the Bth of February,
to which I refer the reader. On the sth of Febru
ary, the Secretary of War, under the instructions
of the President, gave a peremptory refusal to this
demsDd in an able and comprehensive letter, re
viewing the wholesubject. explaining and justifying
the conduct of the President throughout. Its con
cluding sentence is both eloquent and emphatic:
“If, (says Mr. Holf,) with ail the multiplied proofs
which exist of the President’s anxiety for peace, and o£
the earnestness with which he has pursued it, the autho
rities of that State shall ftEsault Fort Sumpter and im
perii the lives of the handful of brave aud loyal men shut
up within its walls, and thus plunge our country into the
horrors of civil war, then upon them and those the 7 re
present must rest the responsibility.”
The truce was then ended, and General Soott is
incorrect in stating “that it lasted to the end o£
that Administration.”
An expedition was quietly fitted out at New
York, under the supervision of General Scott, to be
ready far any contingency. He arranged its de
tails, and regarded the reinforcements thus provi
ded as sufficient. This was ready to sail for Fort
Sumpter on five hours’ notice. It is of this expe
dition that General Scott thus speaks:
“ At that time, when this (the truce) had passsd away,
Secretaries Holt and Toncey, Captain Ward, of the
navy, aad myseif, with the knowledge of the President,
settled upon the employment, under the Captain, of three
or fow steamerß belonging to the Coast Sarvey, but ho
was kept back by the truce.”
A strange inconsistency. The truce had expire*
with Mr, Holt’s letter to Colonel Hayne on the sth.
of February, and General Soott, in his statement,
says “it would have been easy to reinforce this
fert down to about the 12th of February. ” Why,
then, did not the reinforcements proceed 1 This
was simply because of communications froni Major
Anderson. It was most fortunate that they did not
proceed; because the three or four small Bteamers
which were to bear them would never have, reached
the fort, and in the attempt must have beencap
tured or destroyed. The vast inadequacy of tha
force provided to accomplish the object was de
monstrated by information received from Major
Anderson at the War Department on the last day ot
the Administration.
I purmisply- fbrbeai at present to say more on
this subjfti;, lest I might, however unintentionally,
do injustice to one or more of tho parties concerned,
in consequence; pfrthe brevity -requiredby t&o na
ture of this communication. The facts relating to
It, with the appropriate accompaniments, have boon
fully presented in a historical review, prepared a
year ago, whioh.will ere long be published. This
review oontains a sketch of the four last months of
my Administration. It is impartial; at least sueh
is my honest conviction. That it has not yet bean
published has arisen solely from an apprehension,
no longer entertained, that something therein
might be unjustly perverted into an interference
with the Government in a vigorous prosecution of
the war for the maintenance of the Constitution
and the restoration of the Union, which was far,
very far, from my intention.
After a careful retrospect, I can solemnly declare
before God and my country that I cannot reproach
myself with any act of commission or omission since
the existing troubles commenced. I have never
doubted that my countrymen would yet do me jus
tice. Ininy special message of the Bth of January,
1861, I presented a full and fair exposition of the
alarming condition of the country, and urged Con
gress either to adopt measures of compromise, or,
failing in this, to prepare for tho last alternative.
In both aspects my recommendation was disre
garded. I shall close this document with a quota
tion of the last sentences ofthat message,‘as follows :
“In conclusion, it may be. permitted me tore
mark that I have often warned my countrymen of
the dangers which now surround u 3. This may bo
the last time I shall refer to the subject officially,
I feel that my duty has been faithfully, though it
may be imperfectly, performed; and whatever the
result may be, I shall carry to my grave the con
sciousness that I at least meant well for my coun
try." Your obedient servant,
Jambs BucHiitAir.
Wheatland, near Lancaster, October 28,1862.
LATE FOREIGN NEWS-
Another Speech from Gladstone—A Kentucky
Kebel ln Liverpool.
Mr. Glads'oco has made another speech at York,
England, in which he again alluded to the affairs of tho
United States, He said, among other things:
“ I think we must believe that the longer this terrific
struggle continues the more doubtfnl becomes the future
of America; the more difficult will it be for her to esta
blish that orderly and legal state of things.which now, it
is too plain, is, lor the moment at least, superseded,
in which w-e saw and were accustomed to wttnesa
with delight *at once the beßt seenrity for tha ex
tension of her material prosperity and power, and
likewise the best h.ope of her continuing to retain that
resemblance to -England, and that deep attachment
to England, which I for one believe that she never
yet has lost. [Hear, hear.] There is no doubt, lam
afraid, if we watch what has taken place in this country
and in Europe, ihere is no doubt, as far as experience
throws light on the subject, that what has taken place,
in America has operated as a serious blow, as a serious
and grave disadvantage in Europe, to the progress of
principles, I won’t tay merely of liberal principles in the
sense of party, but even of those constitutional princi
ples in firmly embracing which »H parties in this country
are happily agreed. [Applause ] I do not think it possible
to watch the course and current of public feeling, the
tone of public declarations, and the action of our insti
tutions, without seeing that an iDflnence unfavorable (e
freedom has been strengthened by the unhappy experi
ence of what may be called American democracy. I
earnestly frost that Englishmen will be upon their gaard
against that influence.” [Beer, hear.]
A bamuet was given at Liverpool, on the 12th instant,
in honor of ex- Goverhfir Morehead, of Kezrtncky. - Mr,
Morehead mado a violent Secessionist speech, detailing
the' negotiations' ill; which he -had been engaged, with
other bolder State'men,.with the President. He said:
“ Every offjr that was made on the part of the
South mbs iadignantiy spurned by the representa
tives from the Northern States, Men said in the
Peace Convention, that they would see the Union
shattered into ten thousand fragments, before they
would give one tolitary guarantee. In. that state
of affairs, and knowing the course that Mr. Seward—
who, It bad been announced to us, was to be the Premier
of the Incoming - Administration—had pursued, I mat
him, and he pledged his sacred honor that there should
be no collision between the North and the South. [Near,
hear.] ‘Nay;’ said be. ‘Governor Morehead, laying
his band on my shoulder to make it more emphatic,
Met me once hold the reins of power firmly in my hands,
and if I don’t settle, this matter to the entire satisfaction
of the South, in rixty days, I will give you my head for
a foot-baU.’. Although I confess that I li3d but little
confidence in Mr. Seward, I thought it utterly impossi
ble that an honorable man could make pledgeß of that
kind ard so shortly afterwards violate them in the most
ibamelofs manner.” ♦
Mr. Morehead went on to give an account of a conver
sation subsequently held by himself, Judge Hogan, and
oiheiß, with Mr. Lincoln, in which the President de
clared thst he bad sworn lo see the laws faithfully exe
cuted, and intended to keep his oath. Morehead wound
up his speech by giving a piteous picture of his own ar
rest and impritonment, and said that he did not aakßng
land to recognise the South, but be thought the South
erners had proved to the world that they could and
would bo independent.
The London Obsereer announces that a CabinstOoun
cil has been summoned for the 23d October, and sayß -
“This is rather earlier tb&h, usual, and a long notice
has been given, for the eonveuiencs of those Ministers
who are at a distance.. Oorjectures are rife about the
subjectsMo be discussed, foremost among which, insnr
gerej, are the protracted mischiefs of the American
struggle, the Boman question, and the .Lancashire dis
tress,
IMPORTANT PROM NASSAU —THE CASE OT TUB
STEAMER lIERAID—CONDITIONAL DISAVOWAL
FKofe MS. SEWARD.
The Guardian of the 22d contains the following: We
have received the permission of his Excelleaoy the
Governor to publish the following letterfrom Mr. Secre
tary Seward to Mr. Secretary Gideon Welles, enclosed in
the reply to a despatch written by Governor Bayley to the
Duke of Newcastle, on the subject of the chaso of the
Hereidby the U.'S. steamer Adirondack:
„ ■ .. Wasiuxotox, August 14,1562.
Sir : Current newspaper repbkts, which, of course,
may not be altogether reliable,' give same reason for
believing that the U. S. 8 Adirondack baß lately con
tinued the chase of a British vessel, the Herald, under
stood to bo engaged in violating the blockade, even
within’ the line of .maritime jurisdiction, that is to say,
within a marine league of the Island of New Provi
dence. The President desires that you ascertain the
truth of this fact with as little delay as possible, since,
if it be true, the commander of the Adirondack has
.committed an inexcusable violation of the law of nations,
for which acknowledgment and reparation ought ta
be promptly made. To guard. against any such occur
rence hereafter, the President desires that you at one#
give notice to the commanders of American vessels of war
that this Government adheres to, recognize!, and Insists
upon the principle that the maritime jurisdiction of every
nation covers a full marine league from the coast, and
that sots of hostility or of authority within a marine
league of any foreign country b? any naval officer of tha
Ur itrd States are strictly forbidden, and will bring upon
such officer the displeasure of bis Government.
I have, Ac.,
Hon. Gipeon Welles.
WILLIAM H. SEWARD.