The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, April 14, 1862, Image 1

THE PHEML
PUBLISHED Daily (SUNDaYS EXCEPTED,)
BY JOHN W FORNEY.
Office Ho. 11l SOUTH FOURTH STREET
THE DAILY PRESS,
Tir*LT* Cknts Pbk Wkkk, payable to the Carrier.
Mimed lo BuDßcriDdn out the Citi at Six Dollars
|?ir Anndm, Fopb Dollah« for Eight Months,
Trrrs Dollars for Six Months —invariably in ad
vance for the time ordered.
THE TRI-WEEKLY FBLSS,
Mailed to Subscribers out of the City at Ter a b Dol
lars Pxa Annum, in advance.
that he was English. Crossing over t 6 Hessina, he
made a tour of Sicily, examining all curious objects
very carefully, the Ear of Dionysius included.
Thence to Naples, and forward to
the acquaintance of Alistoi), the poet-painter, in
the Eternal City. A thorough friendship arose and
ripened, and atone time Irving was strongly pos-
_ gossed with the idea i>f fAMAUHIIg in ROMO, and
Washington Irving.* becoming an artist, really having a strong feeling
. . ~ . ... for the Beautiful in Art and Nature.
All whodeiight id good bunks, well got up w.B At Komo> , lotter t 0 Tor , oniSi the bankW) pro .
nthniming lliut ii corgis l i Futfitiin, duo)id uiwapactcd imapiwiities from the millionaire,
■Of New York, » ag.iu porous, again m the but n having, it turned ouUhatthe man of money
field ns a judicious publisher, whose name upon a &neieJj from b!a namoj tbat he mnst bo „
title-page inaj e tab hi as an assurance o a of fteorge Washington, and had honored him
ralndot the booh. In former days, when he was • ~ 1 » . tr . .» • , „ .
. . A . ,« . *K - „ - a . accordingly. As a set-off to this, when an English
the Murray of American publishers, doing a great waa 6 paBsi b , bust of Washington, in an
■business and employing a little army 01-authore Italian gallery, her daughter asked, "Mother, who
Mr. Putnam was a gentle anlourat. He had groat a % h mJ da „ don , t
hnowlcdse of thoEuroprnn bonK trade, and having .. - . . . , ~ , .
"Carried the war into Africa," (i. a. having per- ™ a “ ed thc
sonally superintended » o' t. | " on to Paris, which he
“J I SKti ! ««.■ »7 ™ aw. «
foreign for repubiication. The commercial crisis regret bemg that, for the sake of a pleasant compa
of ISS7 injured bin., as it injured many others, but to Prance he sacrificed the chance of visit.ng
there is a strong recuperative quality in American Florence and A enioe. Ilia four months residence
enterprise, and he managed to “still live.” Ho- “ P *” B P' eB3 “ l ’ an<l holndu, S sd t h, ’ taste
nored with the lri.ndri.ip of Washington Irving, P* theatricals to the full, every page m his diary
whose publication agent he was for years, Mr. recordmg his visits to dramatic or operatic perfor
futnam gradually reinstated hiinaalf, having ueror li4 4 l4tl « *° K,s Wks l ho wr ° U !' ® f
lest the confidence of “ thc trade,” and his present ‘ho places that I have seen m Europe Pans is
-catalogue, though not extensive, is very choice, fe most fascinating, and lam well satisfied that
Among its leading contours may bo found various for P leasure and ilmuaomt ' Q ' s ‘‘ m “ st leaTe “ n
•editions of Washington Irving's works-to which far bell| na ue reached London far in the
will soon be added the Artists’ edition of “ The a “ ° f ? 8 , 05 ’ b f-T > , w”!’ ta ’
Sketch Book," likely to take rank as the most indulged his dramatic tastes With John
„„ j {s&is&^srirsJSKr
rica. Next cornea the Oaxtca edition of Bayard q«uw «iuau*u. e*» • ..
_ . . .. . _ , —but considered him a master of declamation. Of
Tavlor s prose wruiDEfs, in ten volumes, of which ,
i r a a- - icm (i 7'hoai.wt annRAVMi Mrs, Siddons, his cxiuoum, in a letter homo, was
£ESrCK».HS32Si l ■“» “*■ «?*:■ -®-rr* ? L ”"
•of the works of lhotnas Hood, with wood-cuts from I d »“ at thls wa3 I : m ‘ ted ’ h,s letters of intro
the author's own designs, and vignettes on steel, of j dnetton .haying miscarned-and the only one he
which two monthly volume, have been publisbod. had betng to M.ss De Camp afterwards mamod to
“Various antiquarian and literary works, (Including | Oh«l-B~fc «>• vhrvugi, he
■both series of John Jay Smith’s splendid folio j of England, Irving abandoned hts projected
" American Historical and Literary Curiosities;" visit to Scotland and returned home, reaching Now
•Bic'nard E. Kimbaira liorols, and, to crown all, i Tork m March, !SOC. after a d»ys T9y .
the 11 Rebellion Record,” edited by Frank Moore, | *S“- , ,
which relates, ns it occurs, the history of the pre- »«, ■* the age of 23, he gathered around him
sent war) these are some of Mr. Putnam’s pub- j of relatives and friends, a select and intellectual
■iu.Ha.., and are distinguished by good papas, ! society. Among these were tionverneur Kemble,
•clear type, fine illustrations, and handsome oxte- } Henry Brevoort, and James Paulding. He rs
. vr sumed his law studies m Hoffman s office, aAd, m
Tl °«r , v c 7 .t>„j. I November, ISO 6, was admitted to the bar, though
We have now before us, the latest of Mr. But- i „ ,_ * . . . . 1T .. *» s
. __ , . , , ! satllv aencrent in leurtii lore. He soaeht office at
.uam’s boohs—namelTj the Ursi volume . t- i - iaA7
.to be completed in three) of the Life and Loticrs i Albany, and happily iaded Early in 1807 ap
of Washington Irving, by his nephew, Pierre M. i P' arcd ‘ he nutnb p er Sal “ a S" ndl ’ th !
-oi «cbuiu 6 iuu j r writers forwhich were Faulding, with William and
*Thjjj gentleman was specially namod by gentle ; Washington Irvmg. I
gei-utmai. ,ic* y ° far ■ It appeared in numbers, twenty of which were
tSeoffry Crayon, os is mgr p , ’ ; p„t,i,sl,ed in one year, when it was di3aontinned.
fulfilled the du’y w.ch ah.hty and dol.oacy. The j Tas at onC o a hit- a palpable hit;” the more
materials placed m n> an, P- , - - ' s& bcoaußS the authorship was conoo&lod. Allthat
ioo of "iournnis, nolo books, diaries at scattered i”"’”," . ‘i . _ ... .
intervals and a large collecrion of family letters, the outnors ever received from tho publisher was
.ntervais, uo , * $100: he, however, is estimated to have made
-with files of others trom various correspondents, j j $lO 000 to $ l5 0 00 out of it. Fall particulars
-which, as he said, be bad ncuher time uorsp.rit to . AuAwKlji &f irt ;l 3 w!u u
examine or airunge, hosldos, is correapon mioe | f OUIld ; n the last issue of Salmagundi,” Issued by
with his life-long inend, »nry rev r , i , jj r Putnam, a couple of years ago, edited by
York, and numerous letters to peraons in is coun- j j, T£rt Duyckinck, who has prefixed an enter
tiy and Europe. Out Of the?e, ■ j tafning preface. During the publication, Irying
has made a book of much lutertst and value. It , ?isite | Philadelphia several times, and there met
rtmindsus, in plan and execution, of Lockhart s , DeDi(i# 00Bductcr u f " The Portfolio," and hit
Xife of Scott—tho au'hor s persona m ores anc happily and pleasantly, in thp cha
knowledge inspiriting the narrative, in whioh as “ aeler o bong B taffin the eighth nnmher.
xnuch os possible, the story rs told in ka [ 'Tcnrious episcde in Irving’s life, during the
T*»rv words, his own letters and memo* . . „, _ . ~ ~ , . , ,
-very wwrus, u ... .. . • rublicatiozi of “ Salmagundi,-’ was his being taken
▼oTiiia of thc distin£cuu*hed subject. Ihe 1 p uwil ' flllpu o
Tanda, or me = „ ; down to Richmond, on a retainer from one of the
non of the wort extends oner mere than half a , of Ru rr ,.whose trial was then coming
century, dnrmg more than thirty years of which , off Ihe adTooate , s law waB so small that any
Irving was on familiar terms with the leading men , gd aid must httTe been from his pen. In
of letters of his own country and of Europe. The ; ftthM died
present volume brings the story down to the autumn ; discontinnallce of " Salmagundi ” arose
of 1820, when Irving, then 87 years old, started | ftom no of 3ubjeet3i but beoau3e of a dif .
from London on his second toiirtrougconmen | j w ith the publisher, who took upon himself
tal Europe. At that tune, his " Sketch BooV had j & The rßl , rin ted in
Been republished by Murray, of London, wrth r«- i London in 1811 j , after the
suoceaa of Knioker
markable success-his prevmnsliterary performance . b€cker ) and wa3 favorabl , notioed therB .
having been a share in <> Salmagundi thewholo m , goon J aftcr „ SalmagnEd p> ce&S ei, Washington
.Knickerbocker s \ entable is ory o , IrviEß find his biother Peter, commenced the His
&fid> for a lime, xfae J 1 9 .. 9 ! torv of New York, to ridioale a somewhat grandi-
Magazine, published in Philadelphia, , * eDt picture of New York, recently published,
by our excellent friend and busmess-naig or, p eter Xiving soon went to Europe, leaving his
Moses Thomas, of South Fourth street. Mr. Put- , to wrila tt e bock. Ere it was csmploUd,
aiaia'a catalogue states that Irving’s life K‘ P ro * ■ sustained the heaviest misfortune of his life —the
.bably be completed in three volumes but wedoubfc ; of whom ke
yilfii Nor, to own the is it desira- ,|y su&ODtd] rapiu oonsumpiiou at the age of
i>U ih.t the blog, >4-1-, ur our first and best origmal j gaventeell Hlg biographer tells the story with
prose-writer should be contracted. ! simple and tender pathos. Amid the poignancy of
Washington Irving, born at New dork, on the I big „ r i e r the desolated lover had to prooeed with
3d of April, 1783, (he died at Tarrytown,,. ovom or | writing,—and this OCCUpHtlon WOS pOSSibly & re
-23, 18SO,) was the con of a Scotchman. irom the ; I|rf to hig mind M g,;, time (1809) the portrait
Orkneys and of an English lady from Cornwa j . wa3 painted, the sad expression of which
his parents thus coming from the extreme north of . bsg becn often not iced. It is oneof theillustra-
Sootland, and southwest of England. They reach- j tiol|S Q j tbia volume, which also has as a frontia'
«d New York in 1783, wh.ro they remained; Hie , portrait by Vandcrlyn, taken in Paris,
-father, who had been a sailor, entenng into trade. ; lg^ 5 r
.During the Kevolution, the Irving family were j Knickerbocker’* History of New York was pub
staunch Whigs, and, ill November 1783, soon after j „ Bhad in philadelnhia. and prefaced, ia the New
Washington’s entry »» No. York, the boy, born , pa p er 9 by various ingenious notices, drawing
some months bofore, was baptised. •• Washmgton s , atteD tion, in a covert manner, to the work and its
work is ended," said the mother, “and the child , ■lt was published in two volumes, 12m0.,
shall be samed after him.’’ Borne tat. after, a j 1809, and its true chat as ter—ts
Scotch nurse-maid who saw'Washinpm enter a ; a comb ination of humor, satire, fancy, and ludicrous
shop, followed him wuh her «lo .oharge saying, , deac ri p tion—was soon appreciated. It offended
-“Please your Honor, sne sm here s a bairn ; some 0 f tbe o i d Dutch New Yorkers, but the general
WAS named after you. Has log rq did not dll j admirutlcti and a ccnvlotion that here,
data the delicate affinity, aßd P hand on , &t lgBtj wa3 a native writer, with wit, genius, and
.the head of her little oharge, g is blessing. ; .j jj t p be second edition was presented to
Wsshtagton Irving received the usuaUoaerata ; * - n 1813 b Irvin g. 3 frie nd, Henry
education of the tuna, Whieh e e liltlo ; Brevoori, and the Great Unknown warmly praised,
iatin, and quitW school at about the age < ’ h reminding him of Swift, but
teen. He red a great deal of m.s c lancous qte- : Lme tauches resemlling Sterne’s. The first edi
:tiouhrougut $3,000 to the
a .trong desire then to go to B ea At the age of 12, ed] ’ popu Sr author, at the early age of twenty-
X, 3jZeZl S 7 n L*rZ r .vwe 4to 4we fihall leeve him mnr, eompleUng our notice
•period 'M of the day. At 13, he wrote a play, of tO-hbrroUL ,
says : “It is fair to prasnme
hsd dramatic demerit.” All the time he
..at At ahoci, he wa3 remarkahle for the ease and
fiuency oihis pen, writing other boys’ “themes,”
while the Worked out his “ sums,” his taste for
arithmetieibeing smalt. Ho furtively learned
anuric and cmcing—hia faxhor, a fine oid Presbyte
rian Puritanpaviiig a holy horror of such mundane
accomplishmhts. He delighted in visits to the
theatre, —bufthese were stolen delights, the dis
-eipltae of th( household being decidedly opposed
to any famifiaity with Thalia or Melpomene. He
took enthusiiaioally to poetry, and had a good
■memory as wel a 3 good taste. At 16, instead of
going to ColumW College, like his elder brothers,
Peter and Johr, he was placed to study law, a
profession whichjhe disliked. His brothers’ tastes
Were decidedly literary, and the youngster fol
lowed the family l>igg,'
At the age of 17, an incident occurred,to which,
no donbt, the world has been indebted for a great
deal of pleasure. This was his first voyage up the
the bej^tjw--4fi i ll’‘tlp West odestel—cotan.y,
Mew York, and explored the recesses of Sleepy
Hollow, but the oumey he now took was to the
frontier region of New York, beyond Albany,
where his two married sisters were settled. The
Smpreeßion made on him by the Highlands of the
Hudson seems to have been deep and permanent,
amd, it may be saul, in the language of Wordsworth,
lhat tha Enaiskiil Monntains 11 haunted him like a
jassion.”
At the age of 19, Washington Irving became a
law-student under Josiah Ogden Hoffman, (father
of the gifted and unfortunate author Charles Fenno
Hoffman, still surviving at Harrisburg,) and was
lappily placed, though his legal knowledge did not
largely increase. In the winter, (1802,) he first
-regularly broke into authorship. Hig elder
brother, Peter, had then established a daily paper,
the New Tori Morning Chronicle , to which
Washington contributed a series of papers upon
■local Subjects, over the signature Jonathan Qld-
Atyle. They attracted attention, were much copied,
rand obtained for the author a visit from Charlesi
Brocden Brown, the novelist, with a request that
the would write for a magazine he had established
3n Philadelphia. The Oldstyle papers were col
lected and republished, in 1823, without the au
thor’s knowledge or consent, and a good deal to
tais regret, and curious critics have traced iu them,
however crude', the elements of that geniality
•which constitutes the charm of his matured
-writings.
A Journey to Canada, as far as Montreal, in ISO 3
(probably led Irving to write “Astoria" In later
Tsars. In April, ISO 4, he came of age. By
that time, the usual symptoms of consumption had
appeared, and hiß brothers, who entertained the
greatest affection for him, sent him to Europe. His
.early love of travel remained unabated, mid he
eagerly embraced the proffered opportunity of vi
siting the Old World. Starting for Bordeaux, in
May, 19M, tL.e captain of tho Tcseol predicted) as
ihe inrxlid stepped on deck, that he would certainly
die ere the end of the voyage. But his health im
proved from the day he left New York) and he ar
rived at Bordeaux much recovered—met there by
the startling new* of Napoleon 1 * election to the Im
perial dignity.
Pis biographer give* a detailed account of this
Europttn tour, whiohlaatod over a year and a half.
J3e travelled through the south of France, in com
pany with an eccentrio and kind-hearted little
being, Dr. Henry, of Lancaster, whose knowledge
*?f foreign luguagefl sad of travel as of great uso
todum. By way of Nice ho want to Genoa, and was
detained a long time at the latter place, by difficult
ties about his passport, a complete system of espio
nage' being established over hlm ? on the suspicion
* tbe Life »od Letters of Washington Irving. By bis
Nephew Pierre M. Irving. Volume 1« PP» 403. New
York: George P. Puluwn. Philadelphia; George W
Childs.
MONDAY, %FKIL. 14, 1862.
VOL. S.—NO. 215.
The Clianniugst*
Mia. Iknry Wood, the new novelist, is a trump,
card in th\ hands of two publishers—Bentley, of
London, and*!. B. Peterson, of Philadelphia. The
former ran “ E&gt Lynne*’ through four editions in
95 many months, but tho UU«f sold throe editions of
“The Earl’s Heirs” in three weeks. This writer,
about whose personality nobody seems to have any
information, sustains the mystery of a denouement
to th® it so adroitly as to puaaU th®
conjectures of even determined novel-readers, who
are familiar with the unravelment of ordinary |
plots. She appears rather to observe than create |
characters, for the personages of her stories are 1
downright, ml, actual flesh and blood people. She j
also eßchews the ordinary English practice of intro- :
ducing & crowd of titled and fashionable” folks.
No —she deals with realities, and though there is j
(of course) a certain degree of mystery inker plots,
there never is the slightest improbability.
This novelist’s peculiar merits have been impressed
" W »F»
irblcb T. B. Petersen & Brothers will publish this
week. It is entitled “ The Channings,” andmainly
relates the domestic life of one family, so named.
The two main incidents upon whioh hangs a story
of great merit and well-sustained interest, are
; simple enough—the spoiling, by ink, of a ohorister’a
1 white surplice iu an English cathedral, and the ab
! B[notion of a bank-note from a letter, before it was
i deposited iu the post office. Oat of theße grow a
■ variety of natural circumstances, nearly all oocur
ring iu an English provincial city, and, of oourse,
. there is a- Slight ihfusion of romance, for what is a
novel worth if it has no love-making in it? Mrs.
Wood seems to have a fairy loom for weaving no
tion, for she cas produce cloth of gold whore others
weave only cloth of frieze, At all events, Jet oar
j readers take our word for it, that “The Chan
j nings” is one of the most readable novels of the
| day, and that, however they may guess at the wind
i ing-up, they will be surprised at its thorough UQ
i expectedness. “ The Channings” is not yet pub
lished in England, being printed here from ad
vance-sheets.
H 0 lie a Domestic Novel Of Bfittl liite.
By Mrs. Heory Weod, author of “The Earl’s Heirs/’
“ East Lynne/’ Ac. Svo. Philadelphia: T. B. Peter
son A Brothers.
Stkamkr Amkkica Lobt. —The N. 0. Crescent
ears: The steamship America, outward bound, with
a cargo of 1,300 bales of cotton, was announced as
having been lost. The Yankees, however, did not
obtain the coveted vessel and cargo, finding the
blockade tolerably effectual at tbe mouth of the
river, the America put back and came in contact
with a snag below the forts, and surrendered to the
arms of old Father Mississippi. No one hurt sp far
as we could learn, the owners of both vessel and
cargo being in a piw-tfnn to withstand the loss and
not have the least effeet on their bank account.
Onb of the HEEQfI-j or Pittsburg.—Among
tbe killed on tbe National side, at the late
bloody victory in Tennessee, was Acting Brig.
Oen William Pegram. lie was a brother of
Hubert Pegram, cununander of the Nashville,
who bas rendered bis name forever infamous.
Though born in Virginia, be bad resided fOI a
number of years in Kentucky, and was never se
duced from bis loyalty by the poor sophisms that
led bis brother into treason. From the first he
was a staunch loyalist, raising a regiment of
cavalry, whioh wai in the engagement at Pittsburg
Banding, and has new offered up bis life in defenoa
of the eountry against which his brother has lifted
up a traitor’s hand.
At the siege of Yorktown the bands of tbe rebel
regiments saucily play the air of “Dixie," and the
lines are so close together that the musio is distinctly
heard in our eamp, while we send baok the glorious
strains of the “Star-spangled Banner.”
Tits owners of missing slaves have been making
eager applications to Gen. Wadsworth to aid them
in the recovery of missing property. The general,
however, declines.
BATTLE OF PITTSBURG LANBING.
the nnurerimg retails of tbs terrible
* CONFLICT.
FORCES ENCAGED AND THE LOSSES.
THE SCENE BY DAY AND NIGHT.
MEMOKABI.I3 INCIDENTS.
OUR CAVALRY’S GALLANT CHARGE.
A STAND AT COBIHTH IMPROBABLE
JTwo the COrr?SpraiOTOO «f tbs Cincinnati
Times, nr* obtain the most complete account yet
furnished of the lato terrific battle in Tennessee.
It possesses a fearful interest, independently of its
being a s&nfinuatisn of the completeness of on*
victory, and of tho valor which .deserved and
achieved it.
Position of the Forces,
The battle ground ebosou Tor tho struggle of to
day occupied a semi-circle of about three and a-half
miles from the town of Pittsburg, our forces being
stationed in the form of a semi circle, the right
resting on a point north of Crump’s Landing, onr
centre being directly in front of the main road to
Corinth, and our left extending to the river, in the
direction of Hamburg, a small place four miles
north of Pittsburg Landing.
It lias been Known) for Boms days past, that pro
per attention lias not been paid to tho placing of
pickets a sufficient distance from our front linos to
insure against surprise, and in some cases it had
even been negleott d altogether, No pickets, it is
said, have ever been placed in front of General
Prentiss’ division, although it was known that the
Stcesh spies and scouting parties were continually
b overing even near to the outside row of the tents
vf his regiments. They were to he met by every
scouting party which left our camps, and the ren
contres of tho last fow days have proven so disas
trous to them that they determined to repay them
with interest.
The First Attack.
At two o’clook this morniDg, Colonel Peabody,
of Prentiss’ division, fearing that everything was
set right, despatched a body of four hundred meu
beyond the camp, ror the purpose of looking after
any force which might bo lurking in that direction.
The step was wisely taken, for a half mile’s ad
vance showed a heavy force approaching, who
fired tipsa thsm with great slaughter. These »he
escaped, fell back to the Twenty-fifth Missouri Re
giment, swiftly pursued by the enemy. Tho con
test had been of but short duration, and the advance
of tho Secessionists reached the brigade of Colonel
Peabody just as the long roll was sounded and the
men were falling into line. Their resistance, taken
so unawares, was of but short duration, and they
retreated in as good order as was possible under a
gulling fire, until they reached the lines of the
Second division.
At six o’clock the attack had become general
along the entire front of our line. The enemy, in
large force, bad driven in the pickets oi General
Sherman’s division} and fallen with vengeance on
the Forty-eight Regiment 0- V. M., Col. Sullivan,
the Seventieth, Col. Cockerell, and the Seventy
second, Col. Buckland. The troops here had never
before been in action, and being so unexpectedly
atisehed, ere they could fully understand their
position, or get into file, they made as able a resist
ance ns was possible, but were, in common with the
force of General Prentiss, forced to seek support on
tho troops immediately in their rear. The Fifth Ohio
formerly belonging to itw diYinoQj had
been removed to General Hurlbut’s command the
day before yesterday, and their place supplied and
camp occupied by the Second Illinois Cavalry.
Tbeße latter knew nothing of the approach of the
enemy until they weie in their miast, firing into
their tents and applying the torch as they came.
The slaughter on this first onslaught of the
enemy was very severe, scores falling at every
discharge of tho enemy’s guns, and all making
their best effort to escape, or repel the foe. It,
however, soon became evident that the Secession
force was overpowering, and nothing was left for
the advance lino bat retreat. TOswa? done in
considerable disorder, both officers and men losing
every particle of their baggage, it, of course, falling
into the enemy’s hands.
The Frospect at that Hour.
At Lair past elgbfc o-olock the flgbl Lai become
quite general, the second line of divisions having
rtoeivea the advance in good order, and made
every preparation for a suitable reception of the
foe.
As J9W wrreepe«4en,lt fiftvhv4 ik? lk*Jf4 iiu? ?i
our forces, he met several thousands of stragglers,
many of them from the hospitals, but many more
who had never before witnessed the service in the
batMe<field, and who so far had not found it mush
to their lilting. Their faces were turned to the
river, and neither persuasion nor threats could in
iliiaa iKana to * uu 1
that ai iMi juncture, your correspondent was
Strongly reminded of tbe great panic at Bail Bun,
fur appearances indicated that the same scenes
were likely to be re-enacted upon this occasion,
ilen and women came promiscuously, singly, and
by dozens, filling the rend i limping, staggering
along, in some cases supported on the arms of
comrades or others, but all having the same desti
nation and bent on the accomplishment of the same
purpose—viz: To eseapo from the sound of the
whizzing balls, whieb were flying in every direo- I
* 10 The timely arrival of General Grant, who had
hastened up from Savannah, led to the adoption of
such measures as put a termination to this uncalled
for flight from the battle' field. A strong guard was
posted across the thoroughfares, with orders to
halt every soldier whose faoe was turned river
ward. Some few of the wounded were allowed to
proceed, but the self-constituted guard, who had
chosen that as a means of escape, wore made to
keep within the lineß under penalty of a stronger
admonition at the hands of the established line of
sentries. .. „ _ . ,
All the wagons and other vehicles of transporta
tion, on their way to the camps, wore turned back,
and the road given, as far as was practicable, to the
use of the ambulances, which were now getting to
be very plenty. They were not, however, sufficient
for the demands of the oeOaslob, these helbg, iii
many cases, but two to each regiment, aud heavy
army wagons were used to make up the deficiency.
I These rattled along over the jagged road, through
] the mud, oyer roots and stoDes, filled to the top
i with the wounded and such of the sick as were uu
i able to leave the regimental hospitals without as
i sistance
Ten O'clock.
At ten o’clock the entire line on_ both sides was ;
engaged in one of the most terrible battles ever j
known in this country. Tho roar of the cannon |
and musketry was without intermission from tho -
main centre to a point extending half way down |
ibo loft wing- Tho groat struggle wag mori upCU j
the gathered forces whioh had fallen baok upon j
Sherman’s position into the next line of troops. A ]
desperate charge had just been made upon the !
fourteenth Ohio battery, and it not being suffi
ciently sustained by a force of infantry, it was at
last relinquished, and fall into tho hands of tho ,
enemy. Another severe fight occurred for the pos- |
session of the Fifth Ohio battery, which resulted in
three of its guns being taken by the eeeesaton
forces. . ... _
By eleven o’clook qmte a number of the com
manders of regiments had fallen, and in some cues
not a single field officer remained; yet the fighting
continued with an earnestness whioh plainly showed
j that the contest on both sides was for death or vic
tory. The almost deafening sound of artillery, and
■ the rattle of the musketry, were all that could be
I heard as the men stood and silently delivered their
fire, evidently bent on the work of destruction with
a fervor whioh knew no bounds. Foot by- foot tbo
ground was contested, a single narrow .strip of open
land dividing the opponents. Not having had time,
in their hasty departure from their camps, to bring
.forward the hand-stretchers so neoessary for the
means as were ini llami weie-au.i. j —Ht—JUk.
dier's outstretched blanket received bis crippled
comrade, as tbe only available method by Whioh he
could be carried to the rear. Many who were
maimed fell back without help, white others still
fought in tho ranks untit thoy were actually forced
back by their company officers.
A Straggle on the Left Wing.
Finding it impossible to drive buck the centre of
our column, at twelve o’clock the enemy slackened
his fire hp6n It, and made a most vigorous effort
on our left wing, endeavoring to outflank it by
driving it into the river bank at a point about one
and a half miles above Pittsburg Lauding. This
wing was under command of Gen. Hurlbut,and was
composed of the Fourteenth, Thirty-second, Forty
fourth, and Fifty-seventh Indiana, the Eighth,
Twenty-first, and Eighteenth Illinois. Fronting
its entire line, however, was a brigade under Sen.
Sherman, composed of tbe Fifty-fourth, Fifty
seventh, and Seventy-seventh Ohio. Taylor’s Fifth
Ohio Cavalry were also in Gen. Hurlbut’s division,
but from the improper nature of the arms with
which they were provided, they were not able to
do one-half the execution tbe men desired.
With the first demonstration of the enemy upon
the left wing it was to bo seenthat all tho fury was
being poured out upon it with the determination
that it should give way. For nearly two hours a
sheet of fire blazed from both columns, and I oould
liken the explosion of the small arms to nothing
save a cane brake in a state of confiagration. The
Mississippi riflemen, a large and well-organized
body of good marksmen and desperate men, fought
with a valor that was only equalled by those who
received their unerring fire, and returned it with
an energy which assured them that many of those
who had endured the fire of Donelson were in the
reeks before them.
In this quarter it seemed, for the period of nearly
an hour, that the enemy would succeed in driving
in our forces. Three different times they drove our
men slowly before them, until they came in sight of
the river, and were plainly visible even to thoSe on
. the main landing below.
The Gunboat takes a Hand.
While the conflict raged the hottest in the quar
ter we are writing of, the gunboat Tyfor passed
slowly up the river to a point directly opposite the
force of the enemy, and poured in a broadside from
her immense guns. The shell went tearing and
crashing through the woods, felling trees in their
eouise, asd spreading havoc wherever they fell.
The explosions were tremendous, and the shell
felling far inland, most probably from thoir direc
tion in the very heart of the Secession force, must
have told with & startling offect. At any rate, I
attribute the failure of the foe to carry the left
wing, in a gTeat measure, to the weti* directed shots
of tne Tyler ,
The Final Struggle of the Day.
At five o’clock there was a Bhort cessation in the
firing vf the enemy, their lines felling book on the
centre for the distance, perhaps,- of nearly half a
mile; then suddenly wheel&l and again threw
their entire force upon the left wing, determined
to make the final struggle of the day in that quar
ter. The gunboat Lexington , in the meantime,
had arrived from Bavannah, and after sending a
messenger to General Grant to asoertain the direc
tion .in which the enemy lay from the river, the
two boats took position about half.a mile above the
landing and poured their shell up a deep ravine
PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 14, 1862.
reaching to the river on their right. The shots
were thick and fast, and told with a thrilling
effect.
In the Hieantime, den. Wallace had taken a cir
cuitous route from Grump's Lauding and appoared
suddenly on the right wing of the enemy. In face
of this combination of oiroumstances, the rebels felt
that their enterprise was for the day a failure, and
as night was about at hand they slowly fell bask,
fighting as they went, until they reached an advan
tageous position, somewhat in the rear, and yet oc
cupying the main road to Corinth. The gunboats
continued to send their shells after them until they
bad entirely get beyond their reaoh* Thus ends an
outline of the battle on the first day.
Arrival of Gen. Buell’s Forces.
After a wearied watching of several hours of the
most intense anxiety, the advanoe regiments of
Gen. Buell’s division appeared on the opposite bank
of the river, at five o’cieck this afternoon. Steamers
were immediately sent over, and the work of for
riago began, the Thirty, sixth Indiana, and the
Sixth Ohio being the first to cross, followed by the
main portion of Gen. Nelson’s division. They
were succeeded by General Bruce’s command, em
bracing. among others, the First and Second Ken
tucky. ' Cheer after eheer greeted the arrival of
the reinforcements, a knowledge of their impor
tance in the crisis being firmly impressed upon all
who had witnessed the events of this dreadful day.
Without a moment's delay, they disembarked find
marched to the advance, where they rested on their
arms for the night.
The Scene nt Midnight.
As I sit, to-night, writing this epistle, the dead
and wounded are all around me. The knife of the
surgeon is busy at work, aud amputated legs and
arms lie scattered in every direotion. The cries of
the suffering victims, and the groans of those who
patiently await for medical attendance, are moat
distressing to any one who has any sympathy with
his fellow-man All day long they have been
coming in, and they are placed upon the docks and
within the cabins of the steamers, and wherever
else they can and a resting place. I hope my eyes
may never again look upon such sights. Men with
their entrails protruding, others with broken arms
and legs, others with bullets in their breasts or
shoulders } ar.d oro poor wretch I found whose eyeS
had been shot entirely away. All kinds of con
ceivable wounds Bro to be seen, in all parts of the
body, and from all varieties of weapons.
Miscellaneous
It is known that Gen. Prentiss was taken pri
soner in the early part of the day; Col. Peabody,
acting brigadier in the Sixth division, was killed
soon after the fight began, Major Powell, of the
Twenty-fifth Missouri, railing mortally wounded
near to him. 1 merely refer to these at thi3 place
because they occur to me as I write.
Many of the rogiments who have sustained the
brunt ef ike entire day’s fight have net tcMcd
one mouthful of food since last night, nor can I see
how they are to be supplied with any to night.
They are beyond their camps, and cannot, in the
darkness, be reached by wagons laden with stores,
of which there is an almost endless quantity here.
Even if such stores were in their possession they
have no means to cook with, their kettles having
been left behind, and the beating rain being suffi
cient to extinguish any fire which they might kin
dle. No order had been given to keep cooked ra
tions on hand previous to the fight, because it was
but little expected that auy would be,needed in so
short a period.
THE SECOND DAY.
PiTTSurRG. April 7, ISG2. —During all the hor
rors of last night the steamers lying at this point,
which were not too heavily laden with stores or too
wu&h filUd with th& waundsd, In , a .
ferrying the troops belonging to Nelson’s division l2 .—The reporter of the Tn
from the opposite shore. Every load was greeted fa (ne> of tJB city, has returned from Pittsburg
with cheers from those on shore, and returned rending, afi furnishes the following intelligence
lustily by those who had so opportunely arrived to - • iuui i b»u u
tafee pan iu the battle to day. Aa the boats reach- * ,f 1 § ;
ed the shore the troops immediately left, and, Tayler’jand Waterhouse s batteries, supported
without musio, took their way to the advance on by the Tjfenty-third Illinois and the Seventy-Be
the left wing of our forces. They had received yenth an/Twenty-third Ohio Regiments, were first
marching orders at a late hour m the afternoon, _ .. thw ohinriTmmp.r.tß ran-thn
aid had come on a « double quick" from Savannah. > n lbe n » l ' Botll tbo „ OWo "S 1 ” 61118 rw—
Wilh the first hours of daylight it was evident, Seventyeventh without firing a gun—leaving Wa
however, that the enemy had also been strongly terhouse battery without support,
reinforced, for, notwithstanding they must have fought for half an hour, however,
known of the arrival of vhs new Union troopß. they CaptaihW’aterhouso retiring with three ,of his
wore the first to open the battle, which they did 1 . „ , . ,
about 7 o’clock, and with considerable alacrity, guns, fe was wounded in the thigh by a Mime
The attack then beganfrom the main Corinth road, ball, h' not fatally. His battery was badly cut
a point to which they seemed strong]; attached, up. Ovloi’s battery, continued the fight, splen
and which at no timo did they leave unproteoted. didly ipportod by the Illinois regiment, until his
All the Line again Engaged. euppol iwas outflanked on both sides. He then
Within half an hour from the first firing of the retire, through a oross fire, having but one man
were actively engaged. The rebels were, how- In meantime, Waterhouse, with his three re
ever, not so anxious to fight their way to the river’s mafrbg guns, took a position, supported by the
bank as on the previous day, having had a slight g a „bd Brigade of Me demand’s division, 09111-
experience of what they might again export jf of 0m aB( l
On&
T “>
slowly along the stream, keeping a careful watoh- totty-nttn, ar.u forty-eighth Illinois Regiments,
fulness for any signs they might be able to gather Colonel commanding. During the fight they
as to the exact location of the enemy in the dense aoupelied to rytro through their own vu
foiest which stretched away to their right. The with a heavy Uoo , iatD , ome woods
togeTfeBL‘& wb" 1 formcJ toe seoena dm or battle,
still unwearied soldiers of yesterday, with a.; in advance was then ordered by Goneraj
energy that they eeuld net h&ea ...At , a hundred rods beyond them, in Sight
nine o’clock, the sound of the artillery and mus- i rebels. Here commenced one of the most
hetry fully equalled that of tho day previous, v*.„ . ... .
though it could not be said to continue so long in freely-contested engagements of the day, result
one quarter. It now" became evident that the tj ,n the repulse of the enemy, wi)9 was driven
rebels were avoiding the extreme of the left wiag. |k through our encampment. At this point the
and endeavoring to find some weak point in the ,my met with reinforcements, and our ammuni-
s.,** ■«. »
perseverance and determination they adhered to P“ er brigade. They, however, wore compelled
this purpose. They left one point bnt to return to retreat within half a mila of the river,
it immediately, and then as suddenly would, by At this moment the gunboats, by throwing their
some masterly stroke of generalship, direct a most ells , vcr the heads of our men CoTered the
P nßd “ ““ with the rebel slain,
wnoieu lu *Yieveil O’clock. AM. J sol ' B bal,cr ß B S« n too* » Position on the pa-
Notwithstanding the continued rebuff of the re- d « B ronßd of the First division, and opened on
bels wherever they had made their assaults, up to J rebel batteiy which had been placed eight hun
eleven o’clock they had given no evidence of re- :d yards distant.
tiring from the field. Tneir firing had been as ra- [4 splendid artillery duet here took place, re
terrible* the previous TJf [ting in the silencing of the rebel batteries and
directed, nor so long Confined to one point of attack. explosion of their caissons. Taylor’s battery
Still further reinforcements now began to arrive, s then ordered into the reserve during the fight.
The steamers Crescent City, Hiawatha, Louis- Several Mississippi regiments, who had arrived
ville, John Warner, and others, having left Sa- Saturday night, came into tho fight on “double
vannah loaded to the guards with troops belonging r. „ Th v e , , imma diatelv retmlsed
to General Buell’s command. These immediately P K - iney were almost immediately repulsed.
mounted the hill, and took possession upon the f* Monday a Michigan battery) which was cap.
right of the main centre, under Gen. Wallace. id the day before, was retaken by the Fifteenth
So tar the fight of the morning had been waged cousin Regiment. The fight over this battery
aEdbutVekort H uc,cd 01 *“• P* **• few.
adue westerly direction. I ,n person. In hiß efforts to recover it he was
Generals Grant, Buell, Nelson, Sherman, and ided in the arm. He was successful in taking
Crittenden (I learn, though I have not seen him) iWt it was again taken from him. It was cap
were present everywhere, directing the movements A aßd reca p tured n 0 i osB than sir times,
W *.«me C mc &g o
reinforced, and suddenly both wiDgs of our army sUrely handled on the first day that they were
were turned upon the enemy with the intention olable to man three guns on Monday, but with
of driving the immense body into an extensive (jj a desperate OODteati they suaoeeded in
ravme. Al tho same fame a powerful battery bad ~1 w silencing snd Oapturillg a rebdl battery
been stationed near an open field known as the T "... ® V. * ~ , /
il battalion drill ground,” for Sherman’s division, ofignns, but they were, however, oompelled to
and this, loaded with canister, poured volley after a®n Itfrom lack of horses to draw it off. Their
volley upon tbe somewhat disgusted rebels. The oueoeg were brought off.
cacnonadiDg of the day previoußhad been mostly general retreat of the enemy commenced at
confined to shell and heavy ball, but it was evident \ , _f, .
that the change now made was having a telling 4* l Monday, our cavalry following until the
e g- eot h( nrere tired out. But for the almost impasaa.
At half past eleven o’clock the rear of the battle bl edition of the roads, the rout would have
almost shook the earth in this vicinity i for the b< tade complete, and we conld have carried
Union guns were being fired. Witt «U flte energy ntranched ca at Corißthi
that the prospector the enemy s deteat could m- „ . . _ ...
spire. The fire from the rebels was not, however, Mke impossible, on account of the condition
so vigorous, and the; began to evince a desire to OvoadS, to do this for some d&;8.
withdraw. They fought as they slowly moved rebel artillery was superior to ours, and their
back, keeping up their fire from their artillery and „ rjng were a i mo9 [ equal. The rebel loss is
SS3 ; IM* * ~ J»«,-UJ ««I.
as approximating to a retreat. As they retreated l 1 These will be found moderate estimates,
they went in exceUent order, battling at every memy have takeu more prisoners than WO
advantageous point, and delivering their fire with j, The Kighth lowa Regiment were captured
considerable effect. Moving somewhat in the di- ~... ' . „.wTsrnrSisar
reotion of the river, closely followed by our men. Lout ..ooHerleft, on
General Grant feared that some mistake flight ■ T_i,
the Part of the guuboaf, O«r half
messenger was B6fiT,'eruortoK-Am— c or i n tii. The enemy
ington to “steam up to Hamburg, foormilo reetr .mbg eWv nerve to get in reinforcements,
baf—
enemy so far that the shells might injure th ben from then position.
wrong party.” Tjjs TtOTex’spiciai says the responsibility of the
U,T*e rests vtiih the flcmmatiding officer. On
t a large foies ef rebel eavalry appeared ifi
if our lines,’and remained there, hut General
an, who occupied the advanoe, had been or
lotto bring on an engagement. Consequent
sent out *o corresponding forpy to
At Noonday.
It was sow a matter, settled beyond dispute, tbft|
the enemy were retreating. They were making
but little fire, and beading tbeir entire column foi
Corinth, by both roads leading in that direction
From all divisions of onr lines they were closely'
pursued, a galling fire being kept upon tinge rear,
which they still returned at intervals, but with
little or no effect.
The Charge of the Cavalry.
I have neglected heretofore to mention that,
from Suedfty neon belli eight, and from hfonday
morning up to the time I have now reached, in this
outline description of the battle, not less than three'
thousand cavalry had remained seated in their
saddles on the hill-top overlooking the river, pa
tiently And earnestly awaiting the arrival of the tiine
when an order should come for them to pursue the
flying enemy. That time had now arrived, and a
Conner from General Grant had soarcely delivered
his message, before the entire body was in motion.
Those who have never witnessed a charge of so
large a force of horsemen should have been there
to have seen the wild tumult of the eager riders,
and apparently equally excited steeds. The enemy
have been driven beyond our former lines, and are
in full retreat in the direction of Corinth.
An old surgeon, who has been long in the ser
vice, and who has just returned from the field for
the first time since the battle began, said to me as
he sat down to-night on the river bask, “I have
been present at both Bull Bun and Fort Donelson,
but they were skirmishes to what I have seen since
yesterday morning.” Such, it seems, is the testi
mony of all with whom I have conversed in relation
to this great eontest.
The Force Engaged, and the Killed and
As near aB I oan estimate the entire force en
gaged in this oonflict, I have set it down at the
opening 6f the battle aa being about sixty thou
sand on the rebel aide, with a somewhat smaller
number, say over fifty thousand, on ours. This
morning witnessed an addition to our troops of
about twelve thousand men, while from the testimo
ny of the rebel prisoners taken to-day, the rein
forcements to Ike enemy were about eight thousand
men, more than half ox whom had keen left at Co*
ricth when the troops moved from that point on
Saturday evening last. i
The intimate knowledge possessed by the enemy]
oC every foot of the contested soil on which thi
battle was fought, gave them a greater advents)
than was awarded ne by the trilling inoroase
numbers, but on either tide the battle was feu)
with a d reparation which I could not have ballet
to exist in the minds ofmen, unless in oases of si
personal grievance. The determination appei
even under the most galling fire, to be viotoi
death. The UiEUHdppiana, on the aide of the
»y, were the ruling epirite,
The rebel loss in killed moat have bean ni
double the estimate I have made as to our
Their wounded are also very great in numbet
though perhaps not so great in proportion, as 1
balls are more fatal then those usually fired
Wounded.
Mississippi rifles, the old Harper's Ferry, or even
the Algiers rifle, of which they seemed to hare a
large number.
In regard to our killed &Bd TfOflßllßfli Ire
frain from mentioning anyt&ipg further than I have
in former parts of this epistle. The various rumors
afloat, without a shadow of foundation, justify me
in this determination. As a total, I would setdown
our .killed* during the two days? fight, at near one
thousand, and our wounded at about thirty-five
hundred. I find but few, who have an equal op*
portunity of judging, but set my estimate at too low
a figure. Many of the wounded are trivially in
jured, and will 999 u b« able to egoin perform the
duties of the soldier’s life. No correct estimate
can be made within the next five days, as it will
require some time to gather the wounded to
gether. and inter the dead. The confusion of tho
hour at which I write, so early after the close of the
battle, prevents any more accuracy than I have
given in this particular.
No Stand, at Corinth. *
I am of opinion that the rebels have fought their
last grand fight in this vioiohy. That they will
make no stand at Corinth is evident from the fact
that the surrender of Island No. 10 must immedi
ately fellow this defeat—because* with thoMemphls
and Cb&Tleston Railway in'.our possession, we shall
be able to throw the forces of Gen. Popo on their
left, wbile the entire force now here will be in front
of them eager for another trial as to bravery, endu
rance. and military skill.
Their lest effort maybe to make a rally in some
more southern portion'of either Alabama or Mis
sissippi, where the hotter climate may make it un
safe for our troops to pursue them, This is* how
ever, a matter for Gen, Beau regard and circumstan
ces to determine, Gen. Algernon Sidney Johnston
not being in the consultation, having been sent by
gome well-directed shot to a hotter climate than
that of tven'tha cotton-growing States of the Gulf
bolder.
Curious Incidents.
One Strang feature in the battle that neither
yesterday mr to-day have I seen many prisoners.
On our &idejt did not seem to be a contest for cap
tives. It vftsa life and-death struggle to us, and
the rebels stem'ed to entertain the same idea as to
themselves. I do nob believe that more than one
hundred pmoners were taken to the rear, during
the battle ofboth days. All I know is, that, if
any prisonenwere taken, I do not see how they
disposed of t/cm.
I found, eien at the end of the first day’s fight
ing, that maty of our surgeons were missing. They
were knownto have been at the hospital tents at
the period inwhich the battle opened, but after that
Itifey w(te not to be fou.od- After the TQVrv«Yt
of the .esemii had began, and those of the sick who
bad been lefvjn the hospitals were again under tho
protection of put troops, they stated that the rebels
bad forced tbi surgeons away with them, in order
that they migit attend to their wounded. I have
no doubt theigreatly needed their services.
One eingulr feature was remarkable after the
battle, which as it may have some connection with
this departmnt, I may mention here. Numbers
of .our men wre found with the hair on the top of
their heads, heir whiskers, and sometimes a por
tion of theirupper clothing, burned away. Thoy
presented fj strange and ghastly appearance,
M hether thea were mere wanton acts on the part
of the eneify or whether the victims were those
who had bea inmates of some of the burned hos
pital tents, Xcannot say. If the latter, they had
piade an atimpt to escape, and bad §9 for suc
ceeded that t*y had reached the woods, and there,
from sheer ebaustion, had laid them down to die.
newfacts of interest,
W? :
H
\4«<
remained ia position until Sunday morning'
ed az a scre.f] behind which Beauregard
id iro'opd in line of battle fiHAisogVOFafi.
a attask Waa flifit mallil, the Fifty-third,
enth, Saitntj-first, and Seventy-seventh
iments, displayed inexousable inefficiency,
r fled without firing a gun. ITlio othera
or two rounds and then fled.
wardice of these regiments left that point
Jed. The enemy immediately closed and
led the mere edv&need regiments. It ia
sd that the Eighteenth Wisconsin and Six
owa Regiments fled after firing tiro or
unds.
the enemy fled they turned their wagons
; their wounded behind, all of whom are
house’s battery lost 1 killed and 16 wound
ll&rd’s Chiesge battery 5 hilled and SO
'the New Orleans regiments, the Louisiana
rere almost entirely left on the battle-field,
' wounded. They were nearly all wealthy
] were dressed in the Zouave uniform,
frentiss esoaped on Tuesday, and oarne into
lone. In the aonfusion of the retreat he
k to elude the rebel rigilanoei
!igard intended to make his attack two
viously, but the extraordinary rains Im
is progress, and delayed his arrival at the.
nded. Glen. Buell could not possibly have
us in time to save us from defeat had Boau
i original plan succeeded.
iiNoroit, April 12.—The War Department
o’clock to-night received no further in
ion from Pittsburg Landing than has already
■ed in the newspapers. As Gen. Halleck is
Foethe scone of the last battle, an official account
Ifeary soon expected.
■ .tjjo telegraph line to Savannah, Tennessee, waa
[completed last Tuesday, but It has been broken,
land'the wire carried away, so that the communi
bation is not now perfect.
,;g*. Louis, April 12.—Major. McDonald, of the
Eighth Missouri, arrived last night, direet from
Pittsburg Landing. He confirms the death of A.
8. Johnson, and was told by a prisoner, a lieute
nant, th»t Swhwd Johnson, wh» eeoapefl frym
Fort Donelson, was also killed. He thinks ail the
reports about Beauregard being wounded to bo un*
reliable.
-Aw effieer of It. Me Orleans Creole battalion.,
who was taken prisoner, says Beauregard made a
speeoh on Saturday, the day before the battle, in
which he told the troops that the result was a sure
tbiogi and they could not fall to capture Grant’s
army and then whip Buell, and thus hold their rail
reads. If they lost the day, he said they might as
well lay down their arms and gq bOBOi
The story of the escape of General Prentiss is
not believed. The greater part of his brigade
were taken prisoners early in the fight of Sun
day.
The gunboats did fine work, and probably saved
our army from total disaster on Sunday.
The beginning of the fight on that day was a to
tal SUfprisO, many officers Mil soldiers being over
taken in their tents and slaughtered or taken
prisoners. Gen. Smith was not in the fight, but
lying sick at Savannah, not being able to get out q£
bed.’
Our forces on Sunday were not over 35,080. The
enemy 's force was not less than 90,000. lho rebel
quartermaster says 90,000 rations were issued be
fore they left Corinth.
The second day’s fight was not half as desperate
as the first. The rebels soon gave way before our
fresh troops. Tho pursuit was not continued.
Major McDonald thinks our killed was at loast
1,000, and wounded 3,000. He says fourteen or
sixteen hundred of the rebel wounded wore loft on
the field, and tbiska their killed amount to 3,000,
besides the wounded. Wo did not take more than
500 prisoners.
Major McDonald thinks Beauregard was not pre
pared to mako a stand at Corinth, and, if pushed,
will retreat to Jackson, Miss.
Arrivals from fronton say Gen. Van Dorn is at
Pittman’s Perry, on Current river, near the Mis
souri line, with 10,000 or 13,000 men, awaiting re
inforcements.
LATEST SOUTHERN NEWS.
THE REBEL ACCOUNTS OF THE PITTSBURG
BATTLE.
THE DEATH OF SEVERAL JOBITSTOiT
ADMITTED
NQ MENTION OF THE SECOND DAY'S STRUGGLE,
RESOLUTION OF THANKS IN THE REBEL
CONGRESS.
Posthumous Letter of Ctn, Johnston.
HIS EXPLANATION OF THE FALL OF FORT
UONELSON,
SOUTHERN ACCOUNTS OF GEN. BURNSIDE'S
MOVEMENTS.
FORT MACON PROVISIONED FOR Si\
MONTHS.
Itebel Accounts of tne Attack on
Yorktown.
NARROW ESCAPE OF GEN, HIAGRFDERi
FALL OF FORT CRAIG, NEW MEXICO
THE FEDERAL ATTACK ON FORT PASS
CHRISTIAN.
Richmond papers of Wednesday lost Contain
much interesting Southern news. Its main features
are herewith presented.
Rebel Accounts of the Great Battle on
the Tennessee.
[From tho Richmond Whig of Friday.]
The following despatch, reoeived at the Adjutant
General’s office, yesterday, gives glorious coDfirma
tiou of our victory on the Tennessee river, Sunday
last:
Battle of Shiloh, April 6tb,
via Corinth, Mississippi, and Chattanooga, 7th.
To General J 3. Cooper, Adjutant General:
T«, this attacked ttmeneiujr >o ft 9tT9Q£ s99l*
tion ia front of Pittsburg, and after a severe batUo of ten
'hoars, thauks to the Almighty, gained a complete victory,
driving the enemy from every position. The lost on both
sides is heavy, includingourCoffiigftnflerTifl?ClUeft Gene,
rat Albert Sidney Johnston) who fell gallantly lending HlB
troops into the thickest of the fight.
O. T. BEAUREGARD,
The fall of a military ohieftain on ths
honor and victory, at the head of his rushing
columns, fighting for liberty, is the death the soldier
moat covets, and the country most laments. Such
has been the fate of General Albert Sidney John
ston. A despatch from General Bsftursg&rd BayB
he fell “gallantly leading his troops into the
thickest of the fight. 9 ’ Better information in re*
gard to his recent retirement from Bowling Green,
and his presumed responsibility for the disasters at
Forts Henry and Ponelsoa, had already cleared
him uf the haaiy and unjust censure visited upon
him for these oocurrenees, and now his splendid
victory and glorious death oome to canonize Ids
name for history. His countryman, in their ra
joioingg, Will not withhold the tribute Of their tears,
and coming generations will keep his memory fresh.
This battle, the importance of which cannot well
be over estimated, was fought in Southwest Tennes
see, in Hardin county, on or near the Tennessee
river. We are without information as to the forces
engaged, though they are known to have been
large on both sides, or particulars as to casualties,
which must hare been heavy. It may safely be
concluded that after the lessen of Manassas (for
which we do not charge him with the responsibili
ties), General Beauregard will push the victory to
all attainable consequences of profit and advantage.
It will be some days before we get full ejetaii?,
In the meantime we fiirnish sueil as WQ tIUYO.
The following is tho telegram for the newspapers,
received last night: _
[pinar despatch]
Mobile, April 7.—Special despatches to tho JU
vtrtiser and Register, dated Corinth, yesterday
afternoon, say that the battle continues fierce and
furious, the enemy stubbornly resisting their fate,
while the Southerners continue to press upon them
With VOSlStieSa determination, siowiy but) SUrely
forcing them back. Our loss is heavy, but our men
are in good spirits, and are thoroughly warmed up
to the work in hand. All fight well; but the Ala
bama, Mississippi, and Louisiana troops display
splendid- gallantry. Tho Twenty-first Alabama
covered themselves with glory. This regiment
captured two batteries. The First Louisiana Regi
ment of regulars took a battery. General Bushrod
Johnson, on? of the Donelson prisoners who sub
sequently escaped, is wonnded.
Night.
The enemy are in full retreat, and the Confede
rates in hot pursuit. I write from the enemy’s
camp, and on Federal paper. Large numbers of
Federal prisoners have already been taken, and we
expect to capture the greater part of the Federal
army. We are driving them back on the river,
and shall kill or capture the entire army. The
battle is still raging with terrible fury. We have
oaptured Gen. Prentiss and a large number of offl-
in , the'"sosyr~Sfl~dled
while gallantly and steadily leading our victorious
troops. Gen. Beauregard now commands the army-
H© says this Is a seooud Manassas fight. G«u*ral
Buell was not in time to take pert in the notion.
Gen. Grant was in command of the Federal forces.
[SECOND DESPATCH )
MEMPHIS, April 7.—A despoteh from Corinth,
dated yesterday, says: The great battle commenced
at daylight this morning. The Yankees were
driven back two miles. Our victorious columns are
still advancing. Tbs First Louisiana Regiment has
taken one Federal battery, and several others have
been captured. Colonel Williams, of Memphis,
was killed. General Prentiss was captured. He
says they bed thirty-five thousand men in the field,
and eighteen batteries, nearly all of which have
been captured. Gen. Buell had a portion of his
lorOl Duck river.
wYlave &• ehtmy’z camp, saw nH SOTH'
nitica, stores, Ac. The battle Was k very oiveffi
one j less on both sides heavy. The fighting is still
going on. General Polk is in the advanoe. Gens.
Prentiss, Grant, Sherman, McClernsnd, Wallace,
and Smith, commanded the Federals. Gen. Smith
was sick. Two thousand prisoners have been taken,
and sent to our rear. It is reported that our forces
are fighting Buell to-day. Gen. Clark and Col.
Brown, of Mississippi, and Col. Richards, of Mis
souri, were wonnded. The Federals have been
driven to the river, and are attempting to oross on
transports. Many prisoners arc still being brought
in.
The Rebel Congress—Johnston’s Explana-
tion of the Fall of Donelson.
In the rebel Houle at Richmond, on Monday last,
the “ great victory” was announced, and the follow
ing resolutions introduced:
Resolved, That Congress has learned, with feelings of
deep joy and gratitude to the Divio© Baler of nation©) tho
news of the recent glorious victory of our arms in Ten*
neasee.
Resolved, That the death of General Albert Sidney
Johnston* the commander of our forces, whilo leading hi»
troop© to victory f cannot but temper our exultation with
a ©hade of sadness at the loss of so stile, skilful, and gal*
lout uu officer.
Resolved, That, in respect to tho memory of General
Joliuhton—the Se: nte concurring—Congress do now ad
journ until twelve o’clock to-morrow.
The Senate, however, thought there might be
some error in the announcement, refugee! to act
on the resolution, and it was afterwards adopted as
a House resolve©
In the course of the debate, Mr. Barksdale, of
Mississippi, said:
I hold in my hand on unofficial letter, probably
the last written by the lamented deceased, to the
Chief Executive of the Confederacy, to whom he
bad long been united by the ties of friendship© and
with whom be had enlisted at an early day under
‘tbeflag of a Government, which, together, they
abandoned when it became the symbol of a mon
strous despotism - This letter has been given me to
be used as I might think proper for tho vindication
of recent sets of General Johnston, not fully under*
stood by the pub Ho. I will, therefore, by the in*
dulgence of tne House, reed this letter, that they
tuay see the facts in the light by which his course
was shaped previous and subsequent to the fall of
Donelson These facts triumphantly vindicate his
fame as a true patriot and an. able and skilful mi
litary leader. This letter, written under most try*
ing circumstances, Bhowe that no trace of passion
was visible in the awful severity of the pure, wave,
and undaunted spirit in which it originated. # It is
a simple recital of facts in justification of his ac*
Mono before which (he salunmiee of the ignorant or
the wicked will (lee like mist before the brow of
day. He has left a noble example of magnanimity
in tbe midst of unjust complaint, and of courage
and fortitude amid disaster. His fame rises bright
er from the severe ordeal through which he has
passed, and his name will live green and fresh for*
ever in the hearts of a grateful people. Mr. Speak*
ei, I will close by reading the letter to which I
referred i
Unofficial letter of General A. S Johnston
to President Davis.
JSUdiAU» r ALA. r 19* 1943.
DtHV General:
1 received the despatches from Bicbmcnd, with y-'-.ur
private letter by Captain \Viekll3e, three days since; but
the pressure of aflawe and the necessity of getting my
CODlEDftnd APFfISS tb& Tehnesag. prereated ato from oettd
ina you Ah earlier reply.
I anticipated all that yon have told me ae to the cen
tnre which tbs fall of Fort Doneleon drew upon me, and
tbe attacks to which yon might be subjected, hut it was
?®pwsiblp for me to gather the facto for adntfiiteti report;
or to spare time which was required to extrtcuts the re*
meinder of my troops, and save the large accumulation
of stores and provisions after that disheartening disas
ter.
. I transmitted the report tf Geawklfl Floyd ftni Pii*
low without examining or analyzing the lacts+ and
scarcely with time to read them.
When about to assume command of this department, the-
Government charged me with the dirty of deciding the
question of occupying Bowling Green, Kenlgpfcy, wlfiCli
lza-vciT«d TH>t oniy' inihiary out politicolsonaiacratiout AC
the time of my arrival at Nashville, the action of the Le
gislature of Kentucky had put an end te the latter by
sanctioning the formation of companies-menacing Teu
co see, b 7 asßuniiig the cause of the Governitjept gt
Washington, end by abandoning HOGtrftlity It prQ»
leased, and in consequence of their action tbe occupation
of Bowling Orion beotmo necessary as-an act of self-de
fence, at least in the first step.
Afcout the middle of September Gen. Buckner ad-
VftbCCrf tt-jih & $&>&ll force of ntoal 4,655 men, whioil WW9
increased by the 15th of October to 12; GQO. and though
accessions of force were received, it continued at about
tbe same strength until tbe end of November, measles and
other diseases keeping down the effective force. The
enemy’s force waa then rup&rttd i& the Was- D«parineni
50,000, &hd Ah advance was impossible. &
* * * * * * * *
Believing it to bo of the greatest moment to protract
the campaign, as the dearth oi cotton might brinj
airesgth from abroad and discourage tho> North, and to
gain time to strengthen myself by new troop* from Ten*
ctEtkte and other States, I magnified my forces to the
en<my. but made known my true strength to the depart*
inent and the Governors of States. The aid given wa*
email. At length when General Beauregard came out
in February* huexpieaaid his surprise onbe dmaUneai
of my force, and was impressed with the danger of my
position. 1 admitted what was so manifest, and laid be
fore him my views for the future, in which be entirely
concurred, aud tent me ft menonuiduni of OUT COUfor
«»wt » copy of which i nend tv you. I Ootorminad to
fight for Nashville at BonelsoD, and hare the best part of
my army to do it, retaining only 14,000 men to cover my
front, and g viztg 16,000 to defend Doneleon.
JpiTbe forco at DonclEon Is stated in General Pillow’s re?
■yoti at mwch Use, and X do not doubt ihe cvrreciDoBB of
bis statement, for the force at Bowling Green, which I
supposed to be 14,000 effective men (tbe medical report
showing only a tittle over 500 sick in the hospital), w»3
diminished more than 5,000 by those who WOTS tO
tb« fatigue of a march, anti made my force OQ
reaching Nashville lees than 10,000 men. I enclose Me
dical Director's report.
Bad I wholly uncovered my front to defend Donelaon,
Buell would have known it, and marched directly on
Nashville. There woe only ten small steamers lu the
Gtunborland, in imperfect condition—only three of which
were Available at Nashville, while the transportation of
the enemy was great.
The evacuation of Bowling Green was imperatively
necessary, and was ordered before, and executed while
tli& battle ivM brijig loughl al Bnnelson. I bod niftdo
every disposition of the defence of the fort my means al
lowed. and the troops were among the best of my force.
The generals, Floyd, Pillow, and Buckner, wete high in
the opinion of officers and men for skill and courage, aud
among tbe Lett of officers of my command. They were
popular wilii the vilmiti ers, anil all bad Boon much ser
vice. No reinforcements wore ABked. I awaited the
event opposite N aabville. The result of the « onflict each
day was favorablo. At midnight on the 15th I received
news of a glorious victory j at dawn; of a retreat,
My column dvtriug the day trtjd uight WAS tUIQWII OVOT
the river—(a battery had been established below the city
to secure the passage.) Nashville was Incapable of de
fence from its portion, aud from the forces advancing
from Bowling Green and up the Cumberland, A rear
guard was left under Gen. Floyd t& BO&ire the stores «wd
provisions, but did hot completely efffci the object. The
people were terrified, and some of the troops were dis
heartened. The discouragement was spreading, and I
ordered the command lo Murfreesboro’,'whore I managed,
by gambling Crittenden's division abJ the
from Donelt-011, to collect ah army able to offer battie.
The weather, was inclement, the floods excessive, and the
bridges were washed away, bnt most of the stores and
provisions were saved and conveyed to new depots.
Tlis baring btea accomplished* though with gerioua
loss, in conformity with my original design, I marched
southward and crossed tbe Tennessee at this point, so as
to co»operate or unite with Gen. Beauregard, for the de
fence of the valley of the Mississippi. The passage is
almost completed, and the head of my column is already
with Gad . Brass at Corinth. Tha mb ve&a&t was deemed
too hazardous by the moat experienced members of my
staff, but the object warranted tbe risk. The difficulty ef
effecting a junction is not wholly overcome, but it ap
proaches completion. Bay after to-morrow, unless tho
enemy intercepts me, my force wilt be with Bragg; ggg
nay »T*uy nearly tb<m*and vtropg, XftlS 7UMSI fyC
destroyed before the enemy can attain his olycct.
I have given this sketch, so that you may appreciate
the embarrassment which surrounded me in my attempts
to avert or remedy the disaster of Fort Doneleon, before
alluding to tbe conduct of the general*.
'When the force was detached, I was in hopes that such
disposition would have been made &3 would bare enabled
the forces to defend the fort, or withdraw without sacri
ficing the army. On the 14tb, I ordered Gen. Floyd by
telegraph* *i If he leri the fort to got Lis Itwph to llmli
ville.-' It. is Possible Una *»iglit tin-re been done, but
justice requires us to look at eventaaatbey appeared at the
time, and not alone by the light of subsequent informa
tion. All the facts in relation to the surrender will be
tnuumittal te tbe Secretary of War. aa soon aa the? can
he collected, in obedience to hts order. It appears from
(he information received, that Geo. Buckner, being the
junior officer, took the lead in advising the surrender,
and that Gen. Floyd acquiesced, and they all concurred
in tbe belief that their force oould not maintain its post*
linn—all concurred that it would squire a great eacrlfic*
of life to extricate the command.
Subsequent events show that the investment was not
bo complete as their information from their scouts led
them to believe. The conference resulted in the sur
render. The commend was irregularly transferred, and
ftewiTcu uf?n the junior general, but not apparently to
avoid any just responsibility, or from any want of per
sonal or moral intrepidity. The blow was mast dis
astrous* and almost without a remedy. I, therefore, in
my first report, remained silent. This silence yon were
kind enough to attribute to my generosity, I Will not
lay claim to the motive to excuse my course. 1 observed
silence, as it seemed to be the best way to serve the
CAuse and the country. The facts were not fully known,
discontent prevailed', and criticism or condemnation
W@f A . more lik&ly Augment than lo cure the evil. 1
refrAined, well knowing that heavy cenßnre would fall
upon me, but convinced that it was better to enduTe
them for the present, and defer to a more propitious time
an Investigation of the conduct of the generals, for. in
tbe meantime* their service* were required aad their in
fluence useful. For these reasons, Generals Floyd and
Pillow wete assignod to duty, for I still felt confidence in
their gallantry, their energy, and their devotion to the
Confederacy.
General Commanding.
I Imre thus recurred to the motives by which I have
been governed* from a deep personal sense or the friend
ship and confidence yon have always Bhown me, and
from the conviction that they have not been withdrawn
fiom me in adversity.
AU the reports requisite for a full official investigation
h&V6 bUU Generals d'loyd and. billow kftre
bi‘th suspended from command.
[Here followed some allusions not necessary to an un
derstanding of tho main objects of the letter, aud a
statement of the disposition of the forces In command,
Hkich is not deemod neccssarp to publish. The Utter
closes as fallows:]
I have troubled you with these details as I cannot
properly communicate them by telegraph.
The test of merit in my profession, with the people, is
success. it i» » h»rt ml?) but I tfiinfc U right. If I
join this corps to the forces of General Beauregard, (I
confess a hazardous experiment,) then those who are now
declaiming against me will be without an argument.
Your lriend, A. B. JOHNSTON.
Rebel Account or Operations of Gen'
The Fayetteville Observer learns from a reliable
source tbat up to the 21st instant, Fort Macon had
not been attacked, but that a Yankee regiment
was at Shepardsville on. the night of the 21st.
Shepardroille is in CsttoM county, about 14 miles
from Beaufort and Id. wiles from Fort Maoon. The
enemy have taken possession of Swansboro', whioh
is a small port at the enj. of Bogus Sound, about 50
miles from Wilmington, and had advanced to Pol
lookville, in Jones county. Gen. Hansom’s baasds.
we learn, ia lookijMt-aftir-tbe: na ““
~”Not halFadoaen persons had left Beaufort, their
means of egress having been cut off. The Carolina
City Motel had been burnt by order —it is said—of
Colonel White, the esmmandsnt at Bart Maaan,
for what reason we cannot imagine. Fort Maeon is
fullyprovisioned for sir months, which will servefor j
eight or ten months, if carefuiUjtpreserved. There
are fiye North Carolina there, haying,
probably, about three hundred effective men,
These companies are, Captain Blount’s, from Wil
son county ; Captain Cogdell’s (formerly Andrews’),
from Wayne; Captain FbbVt Bgd.Cajrtain Man
nay’s from CfUlteaai, and Captain Quyon’s, from
Nowbrrn. These ha ve no higher officer than a cap
tain, and Colonel White, of the Confederate army
(of Mississippi), is in command. He is a graduate
of West Point, about twenty-eight years of ago,
and had been in the United States army, He has
the reputation of being as brave a man as ever
lived.
A number of negroes had run away and gone into
F e tf)WPi hut JBuriiside did not food them, and had
delivered them up to ibeir owners whenever ap
plied for. Six of them had bean shot by the Yan
kee sentinels.
The enemy’s boats went to Washington a few
days pgoand took quiet possession, The troops
marched through the town, and departed without
perpetrating any of their customary outrages.
From our exchanges, we learn that the Yankeea
hoisted the United States flag over the court house,
cheering it, whilst the people remained perfectly
silent.. They destroyed a gunboat and some gun
carriages, threatened to hang any negroes that
came to their boats, and expressed disappointment
at not finding a Union sentiment there.
Rebel Account of ike Federal Attack on
The Richmond Whig, of Tuesday last, says:
Matters grow interesting. After an interval of
nearly ten months, another battle is impending on
the Peninßula. A heavy force of the euemy landed
on Friday at Ship Point, a few miles below York
town. The Point had been oeoupied by a small
Confederate force for observation, but had been
evacuated. Nevertheless, it was duly cannonaded
before the landing. General Magruder, with his
staff, was at the time at the Lee House, below the
point of landing, and had to run a gauntlet not
entirely free from danger, in getting back to York
town, as was proven by the fact that ono of hi« staff.
Major J. B. Caiy, had his horse shot. From 10 to
12 o’clock Saturday, there was heavy skirmishing,
with very inconsiderable damage to us. To the
enemy, it is believed to have been somewhat serious.
Cannonading was resumed yesterday and continued
tin iP. M., but we have no information as to the
results, further than two gunboats tbat attacked the
battery at Yorktown were driven off damaged.
The impression prevails that a general engagement
will cone on to-day, to-morrow, 9r during the
week, "We have every confidence tbat the gallant
Magruder will give the invaders another Bethel.
The Petersburg Express of Monday says:
A couple,of Yankees captured hy our piekets ou
Tuesday stated that they were orderlies of General
McCleUnn ; that General McClellan was in com
mand, and that their forces numbered 130,000 men.
This is known to be a He, as Hampton Heads have
been orowdrd with transports loading troops for a
wwkpsst,
The Riohmond Whig of Tuesday sajs:
It would not be practicable, even if it were de
sirable, to keep secret the important fact that the
Virginia (Merrimac) has again aallied forth. She
TWO CENTS.
Burnside'
Yorktown
Tlie “ Merrimac” Out.
THE WAR FJHIStiU.
Tok War Fbsss will be eent to eubserlbore by
mall (per annum in advance) at.
Three Coplei “
Five “ “
Ten « ti
Larger Clubs will be charged at the same rats, tba*'
20 caeiea will coat 824; 60 cobiea will coat 880: v' UM
Mbia 8190.
For a Club of Twenty-one or over. '.*4 will send M
Extra Copy to the getter-up of the v-lub.
VFoalmaifaiPi aro t atiu leasts ft*
War I*br3s.
Adrertlsementa inaorted at the areal rates. Sis
dines constitute a square.
left Norfolk restcrday, half an hour after noon,
on what tpeciaf Errand bent we know no more than
the render. A gentleman who was at Sewell’s
Point on Sso Jcjr 'informs «s tfcaV th«rf TT(K frt tllftV
time abundant gam.a in the roads. It is not impos
sible, bowerer, as w'E have received no tidings of
any of the monster’s freaks among the Yankee
small fry, that rough irt'Miw may have prevented
her attempting anythin? to this time. OeuHA
dore Tatnnll is in comniand, and nobody will
doubt that if nothing is done it will not bo for laok
of will nor daring.
Fail of Fort Craig,
A letter has been received in New Orleans, from
San Antonio, in which it i 9 staled that autbentie
intelligence of the surrender of Fort Craig t§(j j> Mn
Mestrwd there. The capitulation W«sTUnsoDdltionai.
Colonel Canty, tho Federal commander, proposed
that himself and command .be permitted to depart,
on condition that tbey pledge themselves not tw
serve again during ftp vfftr, but General Biblej in.
mated upon on unconditional BD77enrlßr. With l tha
fall of Fort Craig, the lust vestige of Federal rule
vanishes from Hew Mexico.
We are now masters of that vast and wealthy re
gion. have takes ail the enemy's strongholds,‘oop
tubed some four thousand of his men, besides aw
immense amount of provisions for man and horse,
and large stores of ammunition and arms, Tbs
quantities of provisions am} ammunition must be
luTgs, as Fort Craig waß said to be in condition for
a six months’ siege. All honor to the Texan Ban
gers!'
The Steamer “ NflhllVille, ”
PA7TONSBUKG, N. 0., March 29,1342
To vns Editor or the Wins : In your issue of
the 26th of this month, I see a notice in which yew
make a slight mistake as regards the person whp
was left in skiff. ®f tho sfcosmrr NtiihviUr,,' efio
was left m command of Lieutenant William C.
Whittle, Confederate Statos navy, son of Captain
William C. Whittle, Confederate States navy.
On hearing ftgt the enrmy had taken Newborn,
he, rather than burn the gallant little ship, de
termined, on his own responsibility, to run the
blookade again and take her into another pert. Ha
was successful, and ran out under a hot fire from
tha tvhoia hostile fleet. The hoe new
been sold, and Lieutenant Whittle has been sent ta
Charleston to deliver her to her owners, I hop*
this mistake will-be corrected .nd honor ba given
to whom honor jg dUSi g
Federal Attack on Pass Christian.
Monies, April s.—The operator at Bay of
has telegraphed as follows : “ The enemy shelled
Pass Christian yesterday, They landed 2MB
wovps, ran attached ub Tritft tiro tboniaari men an/!
twelve brass 4'pouoder howitzers. Our fores wm
three hundred men and two 0-pounder howitzers.
I was in ibe party and had a narrow escape.’ 1
THE VICTORY AT [SLAV’D 1. 10.
Gen. Pope s Official Report.
EXPKDITIOXAEY Force*, >
Hkw Madrid, Mo , April !>. J
Major GeneralH. IT. ZTalleck ;
The canal across the peninsula opposite Island No Id—.
and for the idea of which I am indebted to Gen. Schuyler
Hamilton—was completed by Col. Bissell’B Engineer Be*
giment, and four steamero were brought through on the
night of the otht The heavy batteries I hod thrown up
below Tiptonvillo completely commandod the lowest point
of the high ground on the Tennessee shore, entiroly cut*
tiDg off the enemy’s retreat by water; hiß retreat by laud
has never been possible through the swamps. On tli>
night of the 4th, Capt. Walke, of the navy, t&9 «*r
ity’s batteriea at Ibl»n4 Ho. 10, with gUnPQRt (7*B
ronaelct, and reported to me here. On the night of the
6th the gunboat Pittsburg also ran the blockade. Our
transports wero brought into the river from the bayou,
where they hadbeen kept concealed* and at daylight on tha
7th btyl Faina 1 ! division loaded. The aa&ol had t>»en A
prodigiously laborious Work. It Was twelve miles lon*,
six miles of which were through heavy timber which had
to be sawed off by hand four feet under water.
The enemy has lined the opposite shore with batteries,
9Bts?nsing from Island No. 10 to Tiplonville* Merriweath»
Landing, to prevent the passage or tbe river by this
army.
I directed Gapt. Walke to run down with the two gun*
boats at daylight en tbe 7th to the point selected for
9F9S?ing» silence tlieenemy’H batteries near it Ha
performed the service gallantly* and I bers bear teste
moDy to tbe thorough and brilliant manner in which thtc
officer discharged his difficult duties* with me, and to tbe
hearty and earnest zeal with which, at all hazards, he
cooperated with me.
AA S6ofo &e he elgnaled me, the boats containing
Paine’s division moved out from the landing aod begaa
to cross the river. “The passage of this aide, furioaa
river* by our Urge force, was one of the most magnificent
spectacles I ever witnessed. By twelve o’clock that
gigki, ID® ?ti>, gU lb* fortes tairned to Growths rim
were over, without Otlay or accident*
As soon as we commenced to cross, the enemy begaa tn
evacuate Island No. 10 and bis batteries along the shore.
The divisions were pushed forward to Tiptonrille as fiat
as they landed* Paine’s leading. The enemy was drivaa
beforo him; and; although they made several attempts U
form in line of battle and make a stand* P&lh* did bet
once deploy his columns. The enemy was pushed aB
night vigorously, until* at 4 o’clock A. M , he was drive*
back upon the swamps and forced to surrender. Three
generals, seven colony, #nn regiments, several batta*
hoc* of jnfacvryjfive companies or artillery, over one
hundred heavy iiege guns, twenty-four pieces of fieM
artillery, an inuneuKe quantity of ammunition aod sap*
plies, several thousand stand of small arms* a great nun
bsrjf tents, benes. wasons, etc., etc,, hare falisn into
our bantu,
Before abandoning Island Ho. 10, tbe enemy sunk tha
gnnboat Grampus an 1 six of his transports. These last
I am raising* and expect to have ready for service la a
few daye. The Ijunous floating battery was SCflttleO, Mi
turoed adrift with all her guos aboard ; she was Capture#
and run aground in shoal water, by our forces, at Now
Madrid.
Our success is complete and overwhelming. Oar
troops, as I expected, behaved gloriously. I will* in my
full report, endeavor to do full justice to all; Brigadier
Generals Paine, Stanley, and Hamilton crossed therlvee*
and conducted their divisions with untiring activity and
shill. lam especially indebted to them. General Paine,
fortunate in having the advance, exhibited unusual rigor
and courage, and had tbe satisfaction to receive the but
fif tha Of Oolo&el Blasell, of the eugineor
regiment* 1 Cab hardly say too much. Full of resource*
untiring and determined, he labored night and day, and
completed a work which will be a monument of enter
prise and skill.
Wo have crossed this great river with a ta?g& afmr.
the banks of which were lined with batteries of the efte
my to oppose our passage ; have pursued and oaptured.
all his forces and material' of war, and have not tost a
man, nor met with an accident.
JOHN POPEi Major General.
The Iron-clad Monitor.
At the last stated monthly meeting of the Frank-
Hi Institute, 03 we leorj) from the Journal of that
Association, some statements were made on the
Monitor and other iron-olad stenmers, which Me
interesting just now. We subjoin the report:
hir. B. ii. Bartoi exhibited to the meeting seve
ral diagrams of the iron-clad steamer Monitor, a
sectien of the vessel building at Mystic, Conn., and
a model of the one now being built by Merriok A
gos?, 9f this Jjiy,
He stated that, while the credit of designing and
coDstruoting the Monitor belonged to CAptain
Ericsson, it was bat just to say that the plan of a.
revolving turret was not his. In fact, Captain B.
had himself, in Aneaent letter to tbs editor of th*
New York Titites, specially disclaimed being tha
originator of it, but claiming the peculiar detail!
of the vessel as his. The recent trial of the Mo
nitor with the Merrimac , while it proved tha
ability of the former to resist the shot of the tatteif
and in so fax was a success, yet her ability to at
tack and capture has yet to be proved.
A perfectly successful iron*p!ated war steamer
must not be simply a vessel for harbor defence;
she mudt, -with certainty, be able to go ftlQSg OUr
coast unaided, and in moderately rough weather;
and her accommodations must not be a dungeon,
requiring artificial light and ventilation. Comfort
in time of peaoe, seourity in war, and a fair
Spaed, th& feSS&fcllal elements of a war vessel.
The three vessels now building by the Navy De
partment were authorized by a law of CongreM
passed last August, appropriating $1,500,000 for
iron* clad vessels. Flans and proposals wuni pflm
Vertifltd fay, and a hnnr J 1 T '' ,l II W
rasmine plans and report. This hoard reoom
mended the three vessels that have been mentioned,
of which the Monitor is the first. The Mystic
versel will probably be out in May. She is a
wooden vessel, plated with two tbioknesses at bars,
running longitudinally, secured to the wood by
through bolts with nuts on the inside. 4’hOM
plates lap on each other in such a way that tha
head of the bolt is protected op thft outside from
.hot. HO? guria itrb bp bor dock, find ahpTO
it is a covering of moderately thick sheet iron,
which cannot, bc proof, but will no doubt
resist musket or fine balls.
The vessel building in this oitv, by Merrick &
Sons, is of timber, plated with iron. She is 240
feet long on deck, Mi feet beam, and 25 feet hold;
5,500 ifflia; greatest draft of water,ls feet. She
has a berth, gun, gpd jpar Si? w
with 4i inch iron, her whole length for 1 feet below
and 4 feet above load line. From that point to spat
deck, she is plated 170 feet amidships, and has iron
plated. bulkheads across ship at the termination of
the eide.plaiipg, per spar deck consists of 3 inf.
of wood and 1 in. of iron j thus, a clear space on
tho gun-deck, 170 feet long by 54 foot wide, is im
pervious to shot, unless one enters at the porthole.
The battery of thi. vessel will consist of sixteen 9-
Inch guns, eight on a side, and a couple of light
rise guns at how anti stern on her spar-deck,
for ohasing and bringing to distant vessels,
while her large gnns are for engaging war
vessels or land batteries. It is believed that her
powers of resistance will enable hep to go alongside
of any vessel or fort with impunity, while, from
her large size, Bhe ean carry a sufficient forca to
capture the vessel she may disable. Her speed is
to be 94 knots per hour ; at which, with her iron
prow is front, she would sink nay vessel with whioh
she might come in contact. She is to hare three
masts, and to be bark-rigged. Her spars are so
arranged that, when in notion, they all oome down
to the apax deck. Ilex machinery consists of two
horizontal condensing engines, with oylindors 50*
inch diameter by 30-inoh stroke, to make 85 revo
lutions turning a 13-foot propeller. Four horizon
tal tubular boilers, capable of developing 1,600-
borse power. Coal bunks for ten days' steaming.
From whioh it will be seen that this vessel is a
cruising ship that may bo sent under steam or sail
to any part of tho world, requiring neither artifi
cial light or ventilation; while those vessels whioh
are purely floating batteries will rust out at anohor
in times of pesos.
The construction of iron>olad vessels will make
an entire change in naval warfare; and, while it ia
positive that our reliance for safety is to bo in ves
sels of this class, yet at the 3&me time we should
proceed with cautiop, epd pot rush headlong into
the construction of a largo number of vessels, before
any one plan has been fully-tested. At the preaont
crisis. We should build about a dozen vessels of from ■
ten to fifteen feet draft of water, each of which
should h»v? f»»r speed, and carry in front bflow
the water line an iron prow, for penetrating any
vessel with whioh they may come in contact. .
Revolving turrets or towers, similar to that on
the Monitor,_ were patented by Captain C. P.
Coles, of the English navy, M&roh 30th, 1859, and
experimentally applied to the Bteamer TrtiVty tit
August, 1800.
Mr. B. also exhibited to the meeting a model of
a Plata for closing porta (when the gnn wks run in),
designed by Chief Engineer W. W. Wood, of tbn
United States navy, and remarked that it.« very
desirable to have some convenient and aeeure wuy
of rendering ports ball-proof; but it waa exceed*
lingly difficult to devUe a plan without having the
doors exceedingly heavy, aud consequently un
wieldy,
**.oo
IIIIIMIMIIIi tltOtf
B.OO
12.00