THE PRESS.
PUBLISHED DAILY, (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED,)
BY JOHN W. FORNEY.
OFFICE NO_ all 011FAIIINUIP STRE'E'T_ "1
THE DAILY PRESS,
TWELVE CENTS PER WEEK, payable to the Carrier.
Mated t 9 011RIKTIROIR OUt Of the GUT RS Sib POLL &RR
PER ANNUM, TOUR DOLLARS FOR EIGHT MONTHS, THREE
DOLLARS FOR SIX MONTHS—invariably in advance for
the time ordered.
tut Vitl-WEEKLItEs.-4,
Mailed to Subscribers out of the City at THREE Doc-
CARS PER ANNUM, in advance.
DRY-GOODS JOBBERS.
1861. F
rt 0
E FALL 0
S D
-v; s_
RIEGEL, BAIRD, & CO.,
IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS
DRY GOODS.
Q`:t~7t Sr7;[i} r~ ~i: i~M ~ ~ 1;~ ~i , 1;~ ~ t ~~Y Mf i:fl R.~:l;i h Y:l 1.~
Prompt-paying merchants are respectfully
44Yited to @Soluble our largo and carefully-go
looted stock of desirable goods, which will be
qsold at prices to suit the times.
ea2.B-2m
1861. TO CASH BUYERS. 1861.
H. C. LAITG-HLIN & Co..
No. 803 MARKET STREET,
Are rmeirms daily, frem the PHILADBLPHUL and
MEW YORK AUCTIONS, a general assortment of
salmon AV Vist, imoatt for tIASEL
GASH HITTERS are especially invited to call and ex
amine our Stock. sefr-tf
MILITARY GOODS.
ANDREWS' ORIGINAL CAMP, OR
"TRAVELLING -
BED TRUNK.
For sale by
(Patent applied for)
W. A. ANDREWS,
No. 512 CHESTNUT Street
t016.2m
ARMY SUPPLIES.
60,000 pairs ARMY DRAWERS.
20,000 GRAY FLANNEL SHIRTS.
10,000 RED do. SHIRTS.
000 dozen FINS TRAVELLING SHIRTS.
For sale by
BENNETT, RUCH, & CO.,
Nonnfootnrere of Army Goods,
nol3-2m 215 and 217 CHURCH Alley, Phila
A RMY CONTRACTORS•
AND SIITLER4
SUPPLIED WITH BRUSHES at the lowest rates.
Always on hand, a large stock of
CAVALRY BRUSHES,
Government standard;
WAGON BRUSHES,
Government standard;
And every Description of Bnishes required for the Army.
KEMBLE & VAN HORN,
ocl6-3m 321 MARKET Street, Philadelphia.
ARMY WOOLLENS.
WELLING, COFFIN, & Co.,
116 CHESTNUT STUMM
Are prepared to daffier on contract 8-4 and 6-4 Dark and
Sky Blue
CLOTI4S AND WERSEYS.
648-3 m
paiGo BLUE KERSEYS.
INDIGO BLUE CLOTHS,
Ltd every variety eigoade adapted to Military Clothing.
for sale at the lowed pricey
/MOMENTS Et/DUPED AT SHORT ROT/011.
BENJ. L. BERRY,
CLOTH Izouaz. so SOUTH SECOND STREET.
ocs• If
ARMY FLANNELS_
WELLLNG-; COFFIN, & CO.,
116 ODESTNITT DTBNET,
Ara prepared to mese oontracts, for Immediate delivery;
at
WRITE DOMET FLANNELS,
AND ALL WOOL
INDIGO BLUE FLANNELS,
of Government standard. oct-tf
LOOKING GLASSES.
TMMENBE REDUCTION
LOOKING GLASSES,
OIL PAINTINGS, ENGRAVINGS,
VIOTIIBN AND PHOTOGRAPH FBAILEB.
JAMES S. EARLE & SON,
816 CHESTNUT STREET,
ArLDOUZIPI) idea reduction of 25 foordeaf. In the Meal of all
Shepnanufactured Stock of Looking °lames i also, In
Zlngrayinge, Picture and Photograph Frames, 011 Paint.
The largest and most elegant assortment in the
,pantry. A rare opportunity is aow offered to make purl
Oblwee In Una line For Garay at remarkably Low Pricer
WILE'S GALLERIES,
816 CHESTS - 17T Street
HARDWARE.
HARDWARE.
MOOSE, nExszzy, & CO.
nave now on hand, and are ennatantly ressiving,
largo assortment of HARDWARE, CUTLERY, GUNS,
ac., to which they invite the attention of purchasers for
cash or short credit.
No. 427 MARKET Street, and
ocB-2m No. 416 COMMERCE Street, Philada.
GROCERIES.
TO FAMILIES RESIDING IN THIII
BITISAL DIISTBIOTES
We ere prepared, se heretofore, to MVP Wane, Pi
War Country Residences with every deecription of
FINE GROCERIES, TEAS, &a., ex.
ALBERT C. ROBERTS,
CONNER ELEVENTH AND VINE MEET&
Ta7lB
MACKEREL / HERRING SHAD,
2
001,MON, 00.-0.000 bbli Hew Hos. I, Z, and
MEISEL, large, medium, and small, in assorted
sokages of choice, late-caught, fat fish.
-6,ooebbls. New Halifax, Eastport, and Labrador HiW
IDE% of choice quehties.
0,000 boxes extra new scaled Herrings.
,000 beau antra new No. 1 Herrings.
000 boxes large Iltagbiline Herrings.
960 bbls. Mackinac White Fish.
SO bbla. new Economy 'Mess Shad.
bbla. new Halifax Salmon.
1,000 quintals Grand Bank Codfish.
toe bonen Herkimer Count, Chew.
In store sad landing, for sale by
MURPHY & HOSES,
nog No. 148 NORTH WHARVES.
1;1 I% 11 - 01-Ziallo (I)*1
PRACTICAL AND ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY.—The Laboratory of the subscribers
U open daily, from 9 A. M. to 8 P. M., for Analyses of
Ores, Gnaws, Waters, &c. Alm, for the Instruction of
IP:dente in Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Geology.
Opinions given in Chemical Questions.
Special Instruction in MEDICAL CHEMISTRY.
JAMES C. BOOTH,
THOS. H. GARRETT,
JNO. J. REESE, M. D.,
onl.3ka No. 30 CHANT Street, Tenth, below Market.
JOHN WELSH, Practical SLATE
Tr" ROOFER, THIRD Street and GERMANTOWN
Mead, is prepared to put on any amount of ROOFING,
on the moat MODERATE TERMS. Will guaranty to
make every Building perfectly Water-tight.
BT Orders promptly attended to. my 7-17
a EVANS & WATSON'S
SALM:LANDES SATZ&
STORE,
16 SOUTH FOURTH STREET,
PHILADELPHIA, PA,
A INV variety of 7/1/1-PBOOF BAYEEI *Away*
kw hood.
VitDOW SHADES.—The subseri
o keep constantly on hand, And put up in the
very beet manner, both in town and country, Plain
(washed) Painted, Gilt Harder, and Fancy Shmles, of
every description.
They oleo furnish Shades colored to order, adapting
them to the color of the front, or to the prevailing color
In the room and supply Shades in quantities, and at re
duced prices, for Churches, Hospital,, and il ihos public
buildings.
SHEPPARD, VAN HARLINGEN, 8: ARRISON,
Importers and Dealers in Curtains, Curtain Materials,
rte., 1008 CHESTNUT Street. n027-tf
Tl l OB9 ERRAP O YS T ERS OTHWED.
AND FRIED, AND CHICKEN SALAD.—lnvi
lotion Cards and other notices will be distributed in all
parts of the city, with punctuality.
The undersigned is at all times prepared to present, for
She inspection of Lathes and Gentlemen a list of the
!hinds neeemary for a large or &deli entertiinment, na the
case may be, thereby avoiding all unnecessary profusion
and waste; and flatters himself, that by hie long exile
gienee in business, he will be able at all times to givesOa
heretofore, entire salhifaetion to all who favor him with
'heir patronage. HENRY JONES, Caterer,
o cl-
Nol 250 South TWELTTN Street, above SPRUCE.
tint
eIOTTON SAIL DUCK and CAN
via TAB, of all numbers and bomb.
' Ames Duck Awning delcuiptknus, for
plata, Assulup, Trunks, and Wagon OOTIML
Also, Paper Manufacturers' Drier Felts, from Ito S
Poet anosillair, Belting, Bau Twin% &e.
JOHN W. 11•91111 MAN & 00.,
Ism4-tf 11111 30150113
CARD PRINTING, BEST AND
Oheapeet in the City, at RINGWALT & BROWN 8.
fint% WIND 13t root. ace)
VOL. 5.-NO. 104.
FROTHINGHAM & WELLS,
a 1861.
34 00IITH 1930/iT AZID 30 liETITIA OTREETI
BROWN AND BLEACHED SHEETLNGS,
DRILLS, JEANS, SILECL&S,
FROM THE
MASSACHUSETTS, GREAT FAILS
LACONIA, LYMAN,
EVERETT, DWIGHT,
LOWELL, CABOT,
IPSWICIII
HAXPDEN,
SHAWLS, BEAVER CLOTHS, TRICOTS,
CASSIMERES, FLANNELS, TWEEDS,
BLANKETS, AND ARMY
GOODS,
FROM THE WASHINGTON (LAIR BAT BTLTB,)
AND OTHER MILLS. ocl-3m
SHIPLEY, HAZARD, &
HUTCHINSON,
No. 112 CHESTNUT STREET,
COMMISSION M ROHANTS
701 TEI BALI OP
PHILADELPHIA-MADE
GOODS..
ee2B•6m
CITY BONNET STORE.
SEASONABLE GOODS
AT
SEASONABLE PRICES.
SMALL PROFITS AND QUICK SALES.
LAW P9PPefill Children's Turban%
Caps, &c., the beet and most fashionable, and at the low
est prices. Bonnets made over, or bleached, and re
trimmed; Millinery Goods in quantities to nit. BRA
irEIL FELT and PLUSH Cads ter Children.
LINCOLN, WOOD, Sr NICHOLS,
ocl6-ff NO. 725 CHESTNUT STREET.
KENNEDY'S
FRENCH
FLOWERS, FEATHERS,
AND GENERAL MILLINERY GOODS.
Ho, 729 CHESTNUT STREET, BELOW EIGHTH
0c.5.3m
FURS!
GEORGE F. WOMRATII,
NOB. 41$ AND 41Y ADM STREET,
HAS NOW OPEN
A FULL ASSORTMENT
OF
LADIES' FURS.
To which the attention of the Public ie invited. no22tjal
LADIES'
CHOICE FURS,
WARRANTED
WELL SEASONED
AND RELIABLE,
AT
VERY REASONABLE PRICES,
AT Tin
PART CLOAK AND FUR EMPORIUM,
708 CHESTNUT STREET.
J. W. PROCTOR & Co.
nol4-1m
DRUGS AND CHRMICALS.
ROBERT SHOEMAKER
& CO..
Northeast Corner FOURTH and RACE Streets,
PHILADELPHIA,
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS,
11q9RTERS AND DEALERS
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC
WINDOW AND PLATE GLASS.
MANUFACTURERS or
WHITE LEAD AND ZINC PAINTS, PUTTY, &a
AgENTa POE THE CELEBRATED .
FRENCH ZINC PAINTS.
Dealers and consumers supplied at .
VERY LOW PRICES FOR CASH.
octl-.3m
jusT RECEIVED, per gg Annie Kim
ball," from Liverpool, Mender, Weaver, Kan
der's preparations :
.25 The Egtrut Aeoniti, in 1 lb pun.
25 The extract Ilyoscryami, in I Thiess.
80 The Extract Belladonna, in 1 lb jars.
100 The Extract Taraxaci, in 1 lb jars.
50 lbs Via Rai Coichici, in 1 ib bottles.
100 Es 01. Succini Beet., in llb bottles.
500 The Calomel, In i lb bort*
900 Toe FS Nydrarg., in 111 i jars.
WETHERILL it BROTHER,
WO 47 and 49 North SECOND Street.
fIABINET FURNITURE AND BIIr
ira LIAM/ TABLES.
MOORE & CAMPION,
No. ?al South SECOND Street,
in &lineation with their extensive Cabinet Business are
now manufacturing a superior article of
lIMLIARD TABLES,
And have now on band a full supply, anliked with the
MOORE A CAMPION'S IMPROVED CUSHIONS,
which are pronounced, by all who have used them, to be
aporlor to all others.
ror the quehty and thaish of these 'rabies the mann
batmen refer to their numerous patrons throughout the
Union,"rho are familiar with the diameter of their work.
an2im
FRESH MINCED MEAT.
The subscriber begs leave to inform the public that
be is again prepared to offer bis justly celebrated
NE PLUS ULTRA MINCED MEAT,
In les.ke ae email .tuentitles. Orders through De
spatch Post will be punctually attended to.
JOSHUA WRIGHT,
SPRING GARDEN and FRANKLIN Streets,
nol3-2m Philadelphia.
COAL OIL! COAL OIL!
GEORGE W. WdOTT.EN,
NORTH AMERICAN OIL COMPANY.
MANUFACTURERS OF OPAL OIL, AND RE
FINERS OF COAL AND CARBON OILS.
WM. F. JOHNSTON, President,
GEO. OGDEN, Secretary.
Mee, Agent Ter IMEREI, JUDRON, & BEERS, Palen!
Glass Cones for Lamps, and wholesale dealer in pith
ridge's Patent Oval (fire proof) and Ems!era Flint-Glass
Chimneys, Lamps, &e. Burners to burn Coal Oil with
out chimneys.
Cosh buyers or prompt rayon ill% rotrattfully invited
to examine our stock. no2l-1m
PORTLAND KEROSENE
0 I L.
we •re now nrepared to windy thlo
STANDARD ILLUMINATING OIL
AT
GREATLY REDUCED PRICES.
Z. LOCKE & GO., SOLE AGENT.,
1010 MARKET STREET,
oet•mn Pniladolobler
C OAL -OIL LAMP
WITHOUT A CHIMNEY.
TBITTINIP PATENT COAL-OIL LAMP Nuns all
guile of coal oil without the use of a chimney. Burners
and Lama, wholesale and retail, by
E. IL WEEKS, General Agent,
18 North SECOND Street.
BEST QUALITY ROOFING- SLATE
always on bind and ter sate M Union Wharf, MEI
BELCH Street, Kensington. T. THOMAS,
art-/s W WAIN= Sredorlikddaltha
‘,l I tr*,l ss_
- •
etz
f
' , g
/7*
1.•
• r • _
,),\
‘ • je
o
" • ixats!t:z . l -
.• .4 1 1: " I • :':A - plos •
,•_ ' •• • - " "
~••' -•-
. • - • --,-
1
•
COMMISSION ROUSES.
OFFER FOR MALI
SHIRTINGS,
CANTON FLANNELS,
=corn, end
BABTLET KILLS
LIKEWISE,
A FULL ASSORTMENT OF
MILLINERY GOODS.
FURS I
CABINET FIIRNITIIRE.
3S SOUTH SECOND STREET,
AGENT FOR THE
ett ,irtss.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1861.
THE REBELLION.
IMPORTANT SOUTHERN NEWS.
The Reported Removal of the
' Rebel Capital Incorrect.
THE FIGHT AT PENSACOLA NOT
RECEIVED.
FORT MaRAD IN DAD CONDITION
PLANTERS DESTROYING THEIR COTTON
Union Conspiracy at Now Orleans.
GREAT EXCITEMENT-MANY ARRESTS.
The Rebels Alarmed about the Threat
ened Attack on Columbus.
THE WAR IN MISSOURI.
Rebel Official Account of the
Campaign.
MISCELLANEOUS WAR NEWS.
INTERESTING SOUTHERN NEWS.
BALTIMORE, Dec. 3.—The Old Point boat has ar
rived, bringing Southern papers, from which the
folleiving items are gleaned
The reported removal of the rebel capital from
Richmond is denied,
The Southern papers are advocating the abolish
ing of the elective franchise.
The latest advices from Pensacola represent that
the fight had not been renewed. The accounts
say that had the fire from Fort Pickens been con
tinued Fort Mcßae would have been destroyed.
No particulars of the affair aro given.
The planters throughout the Southern seaboard
are represented to be destroying their crops, lest
they should fall into the hands of the Yankees.
A conspiracy of Union men in New Orleans has
been discovered, causing great excitement in the
city. Many suspected persons had been arrested.
A tun who 001110 by it gag of truce to 41(1 Point
reports having read in a recent Southern paper
that plenty of Yankees were running around out
side of Fort Pulaski.
The Threatened Attack on Columbus,
The Norfolk Day Book, of November 30, has
the following in its telegraphic columns :
111Emmus, November 29, 18G1.
General Pillow has information from a reliable
source that the enemy will attack Columbus in
twenty days with a force of 75,000 to 100,000 men.
A large amount of ammunition and cannon, from
St. Louis, has been sent to Cairo. The enemy has
thirty-eight mortar boats and eight gunboats. The
enemy's plan is to surround Columbus, ata SW*6
theminto submission. General Pillow says we
should make every effort to meet the enemy with a
strong force right away. There is no time to be
lost.
The Rebels Alarmed.
A despatch from Memphis, to the Nashville Pa
triot, represents that place as in great excitement,
relative to an expected invasion of Federal troops
by land and water, and says : "During the next
few days a great battle will befought at Columbus,
and, if we are Overpowered, Memphis irrivet to the
South., mama Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana
help." the same despondency is felt in Arkansas.
The Little Reck Dmuorratof the Dickman': The
exciting news received trom the Northwest, yester
day, had a profound effect upon many members of
the Legislature, whose homes lay in that direction.
Many of them talked of a precipitate retreat from
town, and we should not be surprised if, by to
night—unless better news is heard—bath houses are
left without a quorum."
State of Affairs in the South.
The Louisville Journal of &Our&ly says :
We conversed yesterday . with a gentleman who
has travelled pretty extensively recently in the far
South. We have known him personally for years,
and have full confidence in his statements. He re
presents that the people of the South are greatly
alarmed, and that they entertain the very worst
fears as to the result of the war. The blow which
has been struck by the Federal fleet in South Ca
rolina has contributed to heighten their fears, and
many communities are bordering on despair. In
some sections a strong Union sentiment exists, but
the expression of that sentiment is suppressed by
the rebellious rabble.
Our informant travelled from New Orleans to
Memphis, and thence to Bowling Green by way of
Nashville. Ho saw no troops between New Orleans
and Memphis, and presumes that the enlistment of
soldiers has ceased, the resources of the South
having been pretty well exhausted.
The prices of the necessaries of life at the
South, he says, are very high, which is owing to
some extent to the scarcity of par funds. Gold and
Kentucky money commands a premium of fifteen
to twenty per cent., and can be obtained only with
great difficulty at those rates.
He had but little opportunity to obtain intelli
gence in reference to the rebel force in the Vici
nity of Bowling Green, but he does not think it so
great as has been represented. There are no bat
teries at Nashville, the authorities not having
deemed that point in the least danger from Federal
invasion.
The South Carolina Planters Burning
their Cotton and Rice.
The Norfolk Day Book of the 30th ult., has the
folloithlg :
CHARLESTON, Nov. 29,1861
The patriotic planters on the seaboard are hourly
applying torches to their crops of cotton and rice.
Some of them have authorized the authorities to de
stroy their crops to prevent the ravages of the
enemy. Many of the plantations on North Edisto
and the neighborhoixl elsewhere on the coast of
South Carolina are one sheet of flames and smoke.
The Fight at Pensacola.
The Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser gives a list
of the killed and wounded in the Pensacola fight,
in Col. Villipigue's Georgian and Mississippi Regi
ment. The colonel himself was wounded, also a
lieutenant and two privates. Seven were killed,
all in or near Fort Mcßae,
Conscription at the South.
The Richmond Examiner of Nova 29 contains
an elaborate leading article, evidently paving the
way for a general conscription. It begins by say
ing !
" The campaign of 1861 may be considered as
ever. In a fortnight the enemy can do nothing
more. The early danger of the South, that it
would be overwhelmed, before it could organize
and prepare for defence, by superior numbers and
transportation, is at an end. We have an much
advantage. But in the struggle an unexpected
feature has developed itself in the temper of the
United States. Before the war began all sane men
believed they would compromise the political
quarrel with the South, and had the North offered
the South the poorest terms, so corrupt was public
sentiment in Virginia, at least, that those terms
would have been accepted. When the war began
but a few thought it would last six months. The
six months have gone. The United States have en•
dured defeat after defeat, made sacrifice after
sacrifice, and have closed an unsuccessful campaign
without the slightest signs of an approach to
reason. The Peace party of the North, like the
Union party of the South, has entirely disap
peared. The whole people are completely under
the hand of the Government, and all together,
people and Government, are bent on the prosecu
tion of this war, even if the consequences be a colli
sion with England and national bankruptcy. Under
this impulse they have steadily increased, and are
still increasing, their vast regular forte. Not less
than 500,000 men are enlisted for an indefinite
period, and equivalent in all its parts to a regular
army."
After enlarging upon the faults of all militia and
`•cluAtccr gygton, to which alone the South has
hitherto resorted, TM Examiner says that a the
only way to meet the North with any prospect of
sumett, is to raise a regular army, by some means
resembling the conseriptiomfof all other nations in
the world except England and America," claiming
that by this means «500,000 men could be put into
the field."
THE WAR IN MISSOURI.
The Enemy's Whereabouts.
The St. Louis Republican, of Saturday, says
As we supposed, it turns out that all the " ad
vancing" from Springfield by General Price, since
Union
army,
eeeeuetioa of the Southwest by the
army, has been confined to a few squads and de
tachments sent out"on foraging and scouting ex
peditions. There has been nothing having the ap
pearance of a march upon our lines with the view
of giving battle, and all frenzied reports about
peril at Sedalia, - Rolla, or Jefferson City have boon
without' any adequate' foundation. The enemy
bas not made his appearance in force at any point
above Springfield, and the statement about a large
body of Price's men having crossed the Osage at
Osceola, last week, seems to have been premature.
Rebel Official Report of the Campaign in
Missouri
The Richmond Dispateh of November 29 hes the
fallawitig
To Col. J. R. Punvls, Assistant Adjutant General
Missouri State Guard :
- .
COLONEL: My absence from Missourion business
connected with our State interest prevented my re
solving until to-day your report of the 28th ult.
During my super intendence, under Governor
Jackson's authority, of the affairs of our suffering
State in its southern quarter, nothing has occurred
to give rue such satisfaetion as the perusal of your
account of General Thompsonis short but brilliant
campaign in the Ozark Mountains. To have ya
wed to advance more Men one hundred miles
PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1861.
from the main body of our forces, pass between the
strongly garrisoned fortresses of the enemy at Iron
ton and Cape Girardeau, distant only a few hours'
travel—the former by railroad and the latter by
the Mississippi river—from St. Louis, and burn an
important railroad bridge within fifty miles of that
city, swarming with Lincoln troops, would have
been rashness in a leader less sagaeio-s and vigi
lant than General Thompson, or with soldiers less
hardy and daring than the "Swamp Fox Brigade"
of Southwest Missouri. The fight at Fredericktown
justifies the high reputation of that gallant officer
and his command. While deploring the less of the
brave officers and men who fell in that campaign,
I console myself with the reflection that es lora as
Missourians can be found who, half clad and poorly
armed, successfully encounter, as at Frederick
town, an army which even the accounts of the
enemy admit to have been four times at larg eas
ours engaged in that battle, the em.pulsien of the foe
from our entire State is merely a question of time;
and of our means to fully arm and equip our loyal
citizens. I remain, colonel, very respectfully,
Thomas REYNOLDS,
Lieutenant Governor of Missouri,
MISCELLANEOUS WAR NEWS.
Important Order Respecting Enlistments.
A most important order will soon be issued from
headquarters, informing the Governors of the se
veral free States that no more regiments, batteries,
or independent companies must be raised or re
ceived by them, except upon the requisition of the
War Department. The regiments, etc., now form
ing, will be completed, unless it shall be deemed
more advantageous to the service to assign the
men already raised to incomplete organisations
actually in the field General superintendents
of the volunteer recruiting service will be appoint
ed fog all the States, and recruiting in each will
be directed upon the system pursued in the regular
army These superintendents will be officers of the
regular army, retired officers if possible, or officers
of artillery not serving in the field.
Depots for the collection and instruction of re
cruits, under command of the superintendents, will
be established at the following places. and such
others as shall be considered advantageous, in each
of the States: Minnesota, Fort Snelling; lowa,
Davenport ; Wisconsin, Madison ; Missouri, Jeffer
son, or Benton Barracks; Michigan,Detroit; Illi
nois, Springfield Indiana, Indianapolis; Ohio,
Columbus; Kentucky, Louisville; Pennsylvania,
Harrisburg; New Jersey, Trenton; New York,
probably Elmira and Albany; Vermont, Montpelier;
New Hampshire, Concord ; Maine, Augusta ; Massa
chusetts, Cambridge ; Rhode Island, Providence ;
Connecticut, New Haven; Delaware, Wilmington;
Maryland, -. The enlistment papers of the
volunteers will be the same as for regulars. Clothing
will be issued to them at the State depots. com
manders of regiments in the field s wanting troops,
will make requisitions directly on the superintend
ents for their respective States. The minor details
of the order, which is lengthy, we omit.
(For The Press.)
A correspondent in The Press of to-day, taking
the trouble of showing that the President's name
" haa always been illustrious and historic," adds :
"The Duke of New Castle's family name is Lin
coln." It is a pity that people write about what
they do not know. The Duke of Newcastle (not
New Castle) is also Earl of Lincoln, taking that
title, conferred in 1572, from the cathedral city of
that name, in England. His family name is Clin
ton—derived, it is said, from the lordship of Olin
toh, iienr Woodstoek, Oxfordshire, held by
tor who was Chamberlain. in Normandy, to William
the Conqueror, in the eleventh century.
Mr. Lincoln, I feel, does not need any factitious
idontifieation with any duet!' house—he holds his
patent of nobility direct from the Almighty, who
has given him the stalwart frame, the clear intellect,
the firm will, and the honest purpose. With Lo
renzo, in Croly's comedy of "Pride shall Have
a Fall,'• which evidently suggested " The Lady of
Lyons," Mr. Lincoln may proudly say : •
I have no ancient birth,—no heraldry ;
No motley coat is daubed upon my shield;
I cheat no rabble, like your Charlatans,
By flinging dead men's duet in idiot's eyes;
I work no miracles with buried bones;
I belt no broken and distempered shape
With shriven' parchments plucked from mouldy
shelves;
Yet, if I stooped to talk of ancestry,
I had an ancestor, as old and noble
As all their quarteringe reckon—mine was Adam.
The man who gave me being, though—no Lord,
Was Nature's nobleman,—au honest man
It itt.D.4---Massiarr AP *Pirko, conflectionmith
artY — WigliSEribblenien is s ahoir the reipectabfilty
the name of Lincoln. As your correvondent,ee.
minds us,- General Lincoln, of hlnaaachnsetts, who
enjoyed the regard of Washington, distinguished
himself in the War of Independence. There have
been two lawyers named Levi Lincoln, with a
third named Enoch—one of whom was in Jeffer
son's Cabinet, as Attorney General; the second
(his son) was Governor of Massachusetts; and the
third, of the same family, was thrice Governor of
Maine. Even now, Professor Lincoln, of Brown
University, is eminent as one of the best Latin
scholars of the day.
December 2, 1861.
To THE EDITOR OF THE PRESS : In a Sunday pa
per of December Ist, I find, in the theatrical
;teleran, the following paragraph
"We notice that in the play of Hamlet,' Mr.
Mark Smith is cast for tie part of Polontus. Does
Mr. Smith seriously intend to try an experiment
upon the patience and the . patriotism of the citizens
of Philadelphia? Did he not, after the American
flag was insulted at Fort Sumpter, and while the
whole nation was stirred to its depths by that out
rage, deliberately join with others in raising a Se
cession Volunteer Company in New Orleans? The
Varieties' Volunteers,' of which John E. Owens
was captain, and Mark Smith, A. H. Davenport,
George Jordan, W. H. Leighton, with others, were
Washers, was no myth."
From such charges of disloyalty as the above, I
have had occasion to vindicate myself since my re
turn from New Orleans last May, and my senti
ments on the subject are well known in New York
and Boston. Asa distinct answer to the questions
in the above article, I have to say that I never did
anything of the kind.
The organization (such as it was) referred to, was
formed and forgotten more than three months be
fore a blow was struck against the flag of the Union.
On the breaking out of this deplorable war, I, with
other members of the company, as soon as our en
gagements permitted, left the city. I have, since
that time, lived at my home 4i New York, until
my engagement to play with Mr. Forrest com
menced in Boston. In that city I played eight
weeks, and was there received and treated with
the greatest kindness. On my arrival here, I
was greeted with the above cheerful paragraph.
But I beg to solemnly assure its author that he is
totally mistaken, not only in his opinion of the
value of my military skill and influence, but in the
use to which they have been applied. My pro
fession is that of a dramatic artist. It is completely
separated from military or political matters, and in
that sense I have ever considered it. Bat if it will
allay any patriotic uneasiness in the loyal minds of
the editors of the paper referred to, I will asse
verate that; never meditated taking arms against
my country, of which, I trust, there is not a more
ardent lover than your and the public's obedient
servant, Meow SMITH.
CDOSSWICKS LADIES' AID ASSOCIATION.—The
village of Crosswicks, in Burlington county, New
Jersey, numbering about five hundred inhabitants,
who, with the families in the immediate vicinity,
have contributed liberally to the sick and wounded
soldiers, not only with money, but by giving bed
ding, clothing, and hospital stores. This Ladies'
Association began its labors on the 24th of Octobor.
The treasurer has now a balance of $123.30 in her
bands. The whole amount contributed almost
averages fifty , cents for each man, woman, and
child, The following articles have already been
purchased by its members 84 pairs knitted woollen
soaks, 15 woollen shirts, 19 pairs canton flannel
drawers, 18 canton flannel undershirts, 31 pairs
moccasins, 14 pairs mittens, 19 bed quilts, 7 double
wrappers, 12 bedtioks, 10 pillowtioks, 7 small
cushions, 75 linen towels, 14 muslin towels, 18 crash
linen towels, 8 handkerchiefs, 7 blankets. Nearly
all the above articles have been sent to the sanitary
committee. The association has now almost enough
articles to fill a large box, such as blankets, - quilts,
&a., and are making arrangements to purchase ma
terial for 1,000 pairs of mittens. If every village,
town, and city throughout the North would contri
bute as liberally in proportion to their population,
our poor soldiers would be fully supplied with
every comfort.
SAILING OP TIIE NORTE STAIt--EXAMISA.TION or
PASSI.ORTS.—The Fall-river Dock, this (Wednes
day) morning, was crowded withi)asseng.ers bound
for California, in the steamer North Star. The
new system of examining passports was rigidly
adhered to, by Sergeant G6VM, Who Was sup
ported by a large body of pollee under com
mand of Inspector Carpenter. The process created
necessarily great delay, and an hour before the
steamer sailed, about six hundred of the passengers
wore wAting excitedly outettle the main gate) many
making frantic efforts to get beyond each other.
Judging from the statement of some of the passen-
gers, the notaries who supplied their papers must
have realized a large sum, as from three to six dot
lam each were paid for thorn. A few passengers,
who were not provided with the necessary &eon
ments, were, of course, refused admittance, and
will have to remain till the departure of the next
steamer.—Express.
Ten Win PARRlnt.—The B4siia of Und4iiirtiteri
were -in session again to-day, and made some alte
rations in the war risks. They will insure vessels
leaving port at the present time at the rate of tWo
per cent., but all vessels due in the British channel,
on or about the 20th ult i will be charged five per
cent.
MARINE' DISASTERS FOR NOVEMBER.-13OTORty
eight vessels are reported as lost or damaged by tire,
shipirreek. or other marine disasters using the
month of November, and the estimated loss is over
*1,200,000.
Lincoln
THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
First Annual Mesiage of ABRAHAM LIN
COLN, President of the United States. Read
in Congress Tuesday, Dee, ad, 1661.
Fellow-citizens of the Senate and house of Re-
pwsenta tires
it; thy mi dst of unpreotaluatud political troubles,
we have cause of great gratitude to God for unu
sual good health and most abundant harvests.
You will not be serprised to learn, that in the
peculiar exigencies of the tunes, cur intercourse
with foreign nations has been attended with pro
found solicitude, chiefly turning upon our own
domestic affairs. A disloyal portion of the American
people have, during the whole year, been engaged
in an attempt to divide and destroy the Union.
A nation which endures factious domestic divi
sion is exposed to disrespect abroad, and ono party,
if not both, is sure, sooner or later, to invoke foreign
intervention. Nations thus tempted to interfere
are not always able to mist the counsels of eeeni
jag expediency and ungenerous ambition, althougbt
measures adopted under such influences seldom fail
to be unfortunate and injurious to those adopting
them.
The disloyal citizens of the United States who
have offered the ruinef our country in return for
the aid and comfort which they have invoked
abroad, have received less patronage and encou
ragement than they probably expected. If it were
just to suppose, as the insurgents have seemed to
assume, that foreign nations, in this case, discard
ing all mare, Sadie, and treaty ahligetioen, would
act solely and selfishly for the most speedy restora
tion of commerce, including especially the acquisi
tion of cotton, these nations appear as yet not to
have seen their way to their object more directly
or clearly through the destruction than through the
preservation of the Union. If we could dare to be
lieve that foreign nations are actuated by no higher
principle than this, I am quite sure a sound argu
ment could be made to sinew them that they can
reaeh their aim more readllY and easily by aiding
to crush this rebellion than by giving encourage
ment to it. The principal lever relied on by the
insurgents for exciting foreign nations to hostility
against us, as already intimated, is the embarrass
ment of commerce. These bathing, however,
not
improbably saw from the first that it was the Union
which made as well our foreign as our domestic
commerce. They can scarcely - lave failed to per
ceive that
.ttio effort for disunion produces the (m
-inting difficulty, and that one ding nation promises
more durable peace, and a more extensive and va
luable commerce, than can the same nation broken
into hostile fragments. It is not my purpose to re
view our discussions with foreign States„ because
whatever might be their wishes or dienositions, the
integrity of our country, and the stability of our
Government, mainly depend not upon them, but
on the loyalty, virtue, patriotism, and intelligence
of the American people.
The correspondence itself, with the usual reser
vations, is herewith submitted. I venture to hope
it will appear that we have practised prudence and
liberality towards foreign Powers, avoiding causes
of irritation, and with firmness maintainingour own
rights and honor. Since, however, it is apparent
that here, as in every other State, foreign dangers
necessarily attend domestic difficulties,
I recom
mend that adequate and ample measures be adopted
for maintaining the public defences on every side.
While under this general recommendation, provi
sion for defending our sea-coast line occurs to the
mind. I also, in the same connection, ask the at
tention of Congress to our groat lakes and
rivers. It is believed that some fortifications
end depots of Arms and munitions, with harbor and
navigation improvements, all at well-selected points
upon these, would be of great importance to the na
tional defence and preservation.
I ask attention to the views of the Secretary of
War, expressed in his report upon the same general
euhjeci. I deem it of importance that the loyal.
regions of East Tennessee and Western North Caro
lina should be connected with Kentucky, and other
faithful parts of the Union, by railroad. I, there
fore, recommend, as a military measure, that Con
gress provide for the construotion of such road as
speedily as possible. Kentucky, no doubt, will
co-operate, and, through her Legislature, make the
most judicious selection of a line. The northern
terminus must connect with some existing railroad,
and whether the route shall be frees Lesingten er
liieholasville to the Cumberland Gap, or from Le
banon to the Tennessee line, in the direction of
.Knoxville, or on some still different line, can readi
ly be determined. Kentucky and the General Go
vernment co operating, the work can be completed
in a very short time, and, when done, it will be not
only of vast present usefulness. but also a valua
ble permanent, improvement, with its cost, in all
the future.
Some treaties, designed chiefly for the interests
of commerce, and having no grave political im
portance, have• been negotiated, awl will be flub
mi4tree. the Senate far that , consideration.
rki , have failed to induce serve •of the,
coma *adopt a iliblribleimaioration 4 .
Of "the rigor of a Marian; g war, we hairateanived.-.:
all obs.tructions from the way of thilhuruane reform,
except such as are merely of temporary god aell
- occurrence.
I invite your attention to the correspondence be
tween her Britannia Majo"J'o 3 'n•"-`— , -"`"i"u
to this tiovernment, and the Secretary of State, re
lative to the detention of the British chip Pesl
,-th.
/ire,
in
in June last, by the United States steamer Massa.
&wets, for a suppOsed breach of the blockade.
As this detention was occasioned by an obvious mis
apprehension of the facts, and as justice requires
that we should iommit no belligerent act not found
ed in strict right as Penctioned by pOlic HM I /le
o:Immo:id that an appropriation be made to satisfy
the reasonable demand of the owners of the vessel
for her detention.
I repeat the recommendation of my predecessor
in big annual message to Congress in December lest,
in regard to the disposition of the surplus which
will probably remain after satisfying the claims of
American citizens against China, pursuant to the
awards of the commissioners under the act of the 3d
of March, 1859. If, however, it should not be
deemed advisable to carry that recommendation
into afoot, i would suggovt that authority be given
investing the principal over the proceeds of the sur
plus referred to in good securities, with a view to
the satisfaction of such other just claims of our citi
zens against China as are not unlikely to arise here
grog in the pairse of our extensive trade with that
empire.
By the set of the sth of August last Congress
authorized the President to instruct the commanders
of suitable vessels to defend themselves against and
to capture pirates. This authority has been exer
cised in a single instance only : POr the more effec
tive protection of our extensive and valuable com
merce in the Eastern seas, especially, it seems to
me that it would also be advisable to authorize the
commanders of sailing vessels to recapture any
prises which pirates may make of United States
vessels and their cargoes, and the consular courts
now established by law in Eastern countries to ad
judicate the oases,
in the event that this should not
be objected to by the local authorities.
If any good reason exists why we should perse
vere longer in withholding our recognition of the
independence and sovereignty of Hayti and Libe
ria, I am unable to discern it.
Unwilling, however, to inaugurate a novel
policy in regard to them without the appro
bation of Congress, I submit for their eonaideration
the exp!diency . of an appropriation for mainta ning
a charge d'affaires near each of those new States.
It does not admit of a doubt that important com
mercial advantages might be secured by favorable
treaties with them.
. .
The operations of the Treasury during the period
whieh has elapsed since your adjournment have
been conducted with signal success. The patriotism
of the people has placed at the disposal of the Go
verment the large means demanded by the public
exigencies. Iduch of the national loan has been
taken by citizens of the industrial classes, whose
confidence in their country's faith and zeal for their
country's deliverance from present peril, have in
duced them to contribute to the support of the Go-
Ten/merit the whole of their limited acquisitions.
This fact imposes peculiar obligations upon ua to use
economy in disbursements and energy in action.
The revenue from all sources, !minding loans,
for the financial year ending on the 30th of June,
1861, was $66,835,900.27, and the expenditures for
the same period, including payments on mount of
the public debt, were $84,578,831.47, leaving a ba
lance in the Treasury, on the Ist of July, of $2,257,-
065.80. For the first quarter of the financial year,
ending on the 30th of September, 1861, the receipts
frem all sources, including the balance of the Ist
of July, were $102,532,909.27, an *the expenses
$98,239,733.09, leaving a balance, on the let of Oc
tobert 1861, of $4,292,776.18.
Estimates for the remaining three quarters of the
year, and for the financial year of 1863, together
with his of ways and means for meeting the
demands contemplated by them, will be submitted
to Congress by the Secretary of the Treasury.
It is gratifying to know that the expenditures
made necessary by the rebellion aro not beyond the
resources of the loyal people, and to believe that
the same patriotism whieh has thus far sustained
the Government, will continue to sustain it till
peace and union shall again bless the land.
I respectfully refer to the report of the Secretary
of War for information respecting the numerical
strength of the army, and for recommendations,
having in view an increase of Its einoionoy and the
well-being of the various branches of the service
entrusted to his care. It is gratifying to know that
the patriotism of the people has proved equal to
the occasion, and that the number of troops ten
dered greatly exceeds the force which Congress
authorized me to call into the field.
I refer with pleasure to those portions of his re
port which make allusion to the creditable degree
of discipline already attained by our troops, and
to the !maenad sanitary condition of the entire
army.
The recommendation of the Secretary for an or
ganization of the militia upon a uniform basis, is a
subject of vital importance to the future safety of
the country, and is commended to the serious aliens
tion of Congress.
The large addition to the regular army, in con
nection with the defection that has so considerably
diminished the number of its officers, gives peCuliar
importance to his recommendation for increasing
the corps of cadets to the greatest capacity of the
Military Academy.
By mere omission, I presume, Congress has failed
to provide chaplains for hospitals occupied by vo
lunteers. The subject was , brought to my notice,
and I wan hiked to draw up the form of a letter,
one copy , of which, properly addressed, has been
delivered to each of the persons, and at the dates
respectively named and stated in a schedule, eon.
taining also the form of the letter, marked A, and
herewith trrannitted,
These gentlemen, I understand, entered upon the
duties designated at the times respectively stated in
the schedule, and have labored faithfully there ever
since. I therefore recommend that they be com
pensated at the same rate as chaplains in the army,
further eugges - H. ling that gisiketia prevision he made for
chaplains to serve at hospitals as well as with regi
ments. The report of the Secretary of the Navy
presents in detail the operations of that branch of
the service; the activity and energy which have
characterised its administration, and the results of
the measures to increase its efficiency and power.
Such have been the additions by construction and
purchase, that it may almost be said a navy has
been created and brought into service since our dif
ficulties commenced. Besides blockading our er.•
tenaive coast, squadrons larger than ever before as
-
ambled wager PE Ps biro been put Watt and
performed deeds which have Increased our naval
renown. I would invite special attention to the
recommendation of the Secretary for a more perfect
organization of the navy by introducing additional
grades is the Service. The present organization is
defective and unsatisfactory, and the suggestions
Submitted by the department will, it is believed, if
adopted, obviate the difficulties alluded to, pro
mote harmony. and increase the efficiency of the
There are three vacancies on the bench of the
Supreme Court, two by the decease of Justices
Daniel and McLean and one by the resignation of
Justice Campbell. I have so far forborne making
nominations to fill theme vacancies, far rattabha which
I will now state. Two of the out-going judges re
sided within the States now overrun by revolt, so
that if their successors were appointed in the seine
localities they could not now serve upon their cir
cuit, and litany of the most competent men there
probably would not take the personal hazard of ac
cepting to serve even here upon the Supreme
Bench. I have been unwilling to throw all the
appointments klerthward, thus disabling myself
from doing justice to the sOlith, on the return of
peace; although, I may remark, that to transfer to
the North one which has heretofore boon in the
South, would not, with reference to territory and
population, be unjust,
wring the long and brilliant judicial career of
Judge McLean, his circuit grew into an empire al
together too large for any one judge to give the
courts therein more than a nominal attendance,
rising in population from 1,470,018 in 1830, to
6,151,905 in 1860. Besides this, the country
generally has outgrown our present judicial
system. If uniformity was at all intended, the sys
tem requires that all the States shall be accommo
dated with Circuit Courts attended by Supremo
Judges, while, Ls feet, Wiscons6, Minnesota, lowa,
Kansas, Florida, Texas, California, and Oregon
have never bad any such courts. Nor can this well
be remedied without a cheep of the system, because
the adding of judges to the Supreme Court enough
for the eateramedatlen of all parts or the country
with Circuit Courts would create a court altogether
too numerous for a judicial body of any sort. And
the evil, if it be one, will increase as new States
come into the Union. Circuit Courts are useful or
they see set flieful. If useful, no State should be
denied them. If not useful, no State should have
them. Let them be provided for all or abolished
to all. Three modifications occur to me, either of
which, I think, would be an improvement upon our
preaCnt, system. Let the Supreme Court be of con
venient number in every event. Then first, let the
whole country be divided into circuits of conveni
ent size, the Supreme Judges to serve in a number
of them corresponding to their own number, and in
dependent Circuit Judges he pesi.irldesl for all the
rest. Or, secondly, let the Supreme Judges be re
lf eyed from circuit duties and Circuit Judges pro
vided for all the circuits. Or, thirdly, dispense
with the Circuit Courts altogether, leaving the ju
dicial functions wholly to the District Court and an
independent Supreme Bench.
I respectfully recommend to the consideration
of Congress the present condition or the statute
laws, with the hope that Congress will be able to
find an easy remedy for many of the ieconveni
enees and evils which constantly embarrass those
engaged in the practical administration of them.
Since the organization of the Government, Con
gress has enacted some five thousand acts and joint
resolutions. which fill more than tax thousand
closely printed pages, and are scattered through
many volumes. Many of these acts have been
drawn in haste, and without sufficient caution, so
that their provisions are often obscure in them
selves, or is conflict with each ether ; es, at least,
so doubtful as to render it very difficult for even the
best informed person to ascertain pieeisely what
the statute law really is. It seems to me very im
portant that the statute laws should be made as
plain and intelligible as possible, and be reduced
to as small a compass as may consist with the
fullness and precision of the will of the Le
gislature and the perspicuity of its language.
This, well done, would, I think, greatly facili
tate the labors of those whose duty it is to assist
in the administration of the laws, and would 'be
lasting . benefit to the people, by placing before
them, in a more accessible and intelligible form,
the laws which so deeply concern their interests
anti their duties. lam informed, by some whose
opiniobe I tests - eat, that all the ACM of Odfigteaa now
in force, and of a permanent and general nature,
might be revised and rewritten, so as to be em
braced in one volume. or at most in two volumes of
ordinary and commercial Ova , ; and I respectfully
recommend to Congress to consider an the subject,
and, if my suggestion be approved, to devise such
plan as to their wisdom anal ...am most proper for
the attainment of the end proposed. Ono of the
unavoidable consequences of the present insurrec
tion is the entire suppression in many places of
all .the ordinary means of administering civil
justice by the officers in the form of existing law.
This is the case, in whole or in part, in all the in
surgent States; and as our armies advance upon
and take possession of parts of those States the
practical evil becomes more apparent. There are
n„_ 1 ? courts Lmr officers_ to whom the citizens 9f other
Kate& may appty.. for the enforcement of their
lawful claims against citizens - of the insurgent
States; and there is a vast amount of debt eon
atitating such claims ; some have, estimated it
as higE - ifetfteeteseeos-deseesktislargei.part-fram_
insurgents in open rebellion, to loyal citizens,
who are even now making great sacrifices in the
discharge of their P atriotic duty to support the Go
..inment. Under these circumstances J. have Deem
urgently solicited to establish, by military power,
courts to administer summary justice in such cases.
I have thus far declined to do it—not because I had
any doubt that the end proposed, the collection of
the debts, was just and right in itself, but because I
have been unwilling to go beyond the pressure of
necessity in the unusual exercise of power. But
the powers of Congress, I suppose, are equal to the
anomalous occasion, and therefore I refer the whole
matter to Congress, with the hope that a plan may
be devised for the administration of justice in all
such parts of the insurgent States and Territories as
may be under the control of this Government,
whether by a Voluntary return to allegiance and
order, or by the power of our arms. This, however,
is not to be a permanent institution, but a temporary
substitute, and to cease as soon as the ordinary
courts can be re-established in peace. It is important
that some more convenient means should be nro-
Tided, if pessible, for the adjustment of claims
against the Government, especially in view of
their increased number by reason of the
war. It is as much the duty of Government to
render prompt justice against itself in favor of citi-
zens as it is to administer the same between private
The investigation and adjudication of claims in
their nature belong to the judicial department.
Besides, it is apparent that the attention or Congress
will be more than usually engaged for some time
to come with great national questions. It was in
tended by the organization of the Court of Claims
mainly to remove this branch of business from the
balls of Congress ; but while the court has proved
to be an effective and valuable means of investiga
tion, it in a great degree fails to effect the object of
its creation for want of the power to make its judg
ments final. Fully aware of the delioacy, not to
say the danger of the subject, I commend. to your
careful consideration whether this power of making
judgments final may not properly be given to the
court, reserving the right of appeal on question of
law to the Supreme Court, with such • other provi
sions as experience may have shown tete necessary.
I ask attention to the report of the -Postmaster
General, the following being a summary state
ment of the condition of the Department ! The
revenue from all sources during , the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1861, including the annual per
manent appropriation of $700,000 for the • trans
portation of free mail matter, was $9,049,296.40,
being almost two per cent, less than the revenue
for 1860. The expenditures were thirteen millions
six hundred and= thousand seven hundred and
fifty-nine dollars and eleven cents, showing a de
crease of snore than eight per cent. as compared
with those of the previous year ? and leaving an ex
cess of expenditures over the revenue for the last
fiscal year of $4,557,462.79. The gross revenue for
the year ending June 30, 1863, is estimated at an
increase of four per cent. on that of 1861, making
$8,683,000, to which should be added the earnings
of the Department in carrying free matter ? viz :
$700,000, making $0,283,000.
The total expenditures for 1863 are estimated at
$12,528,000, leaving an estimated deficiency . of $3,-
145,000 to be supplied ;from the treasury, in addi
tion to the permanent appropriation.
The present insurrection shows, I think, that the
extension of this Diatriet across the Potomac river
at the time of establishing the capital here, was
eminently wise, and consequently that the relin
quishment of that portion of - it which lies within
the State of Virginia was unwise and dangerous.
I submit for your consideration the expedienoy of
regaining that part of the District, and the re
storation of the original boundaries thereof,
through negotiation with the State of Virginia.
The report of the Secretary of the Interior,with the
noeonipanying documents, exhibits the condition of
the several branches of the public business pertain
ing to that Department. The depressing influences
of the insurrection have been especially felt in the
operations of the Patent and General Land Offices.
The cash receipts from the sales of public lands
during the past year have exceeded the expenses
of our land system only about $200,000. The sales
have been entirely suspended in the Southern
States, while the interruptions to the business of
the country, and the diversion of large numbers of
men to militaryservice, have obstructed settlements
hi the heW States mid Territories of the Northwest.
The receipts of the patent office have declined in
nine months about 8100,000, rendering a large re
duction of the force employed necessary, to make
it self-sustaining.
The demands upon the peneion Age will be
largely increased by the insurrection.
Numerous applications for pensions, based upon
the casualties of the existing war, have already
been made. There is reason to believe that many
who ere now upon the pension rolls, and in receipt
of the bounty of the Government, are in the ranks
of the insurgent army, or giving them aid and com
fort.
The Secretary of the Interior has directed a sae.
pension of the payment the of pensions of such per,
sons, upon proof of their disloyalty.
I recommend thut Congress authorize that officer
to cause the names of such persons to be stricken
from the pension rolls.
The relations of the Government with the Indian
tribal }dare been greatly disturbed by the 111§111168-
lion, especially in the Southern superintendency and
in that of New Mexico. The Indian country south
of Kansas is in the possession of insurgents from
Texas and Arkansas.
The pent* 9f the !hilted States Government, ap
pointed since the 4th of March, for this superintend
ency, have been unable to reach their posts, while
the most of those who were in office before that
time have espoused the insurrectionary cause, and
assume to exercise the powers of ?goats by virtue of
commission from the insurrectionists. It has been
stated in the public press that a portion of these
Indiani have been organized as a military force,
and are attached to the army of the Insurgents.
Although the Government has no official informa
tion upon this subject, letters have been written to
the Commissioner of Indian Affairs by several
prominent Chiefs, giving assurances of their loyalty
to the United States, and expressing a wish for the
presence of Federal troops to protect them. It is
believed that upon the repossession of the smutty
by the Federal forces the Indians will readily
cease all hostile demonstrations, and resume their
former relations to the Government.
Agriculture,. confessedly the largest intere9t..of
the nation, has not a Department, nor a bureau,
a clerkship only assigned to
-it in the Government.
WWII it ill fertitneto that this groat Wood is
TWO CENTS.
dependent in its nature as- to• not have demanviled
and extorted more from the Government, I raspoa
fully ask Congress to consider whether something
more cannot be gwen voluntarily with general ad.
I vantage.
Annual reports, exhibiting the - condition of our
agriculture, commerce, and manufactures, would
present a fund of information of great practical
value to the country. While r make no suggestion
as to detail., .1 sentare the .pieltia.f.hist au
cultural and statistical bureau might . profitably be
organized.
The execution of the laws for the suppression of
the African slave trade has been confided to the
Department of the Interior. It is a subject of
gratulation that the efforts which have been made
for the suppression of this inhuman traffic have
been recently attended with unusual success. Five
vessels being fitted out for the slave trade here
been seized and condemned. Two mates of yes.
sels engaged in the trade, and one person engaged
in equipping a slaver, have been convicted and
subjected to the penalty of fine and imprisonment,
and ono captain, taken with a cargo of Afileans on.
board his vessel, has been convicted of the highest
grade of offence under our laws—the punishment
of which is death.
The Territories of Colorado Dakotab, and' Ne
vada, created by the last Colorado,
have been
organized, and civil administration has been inau
gurated therein, under auspices especially gratify
ing, when it is considered that the leaven of treason
was found existing in some of these new countries
when the Federal &core arrived there. The
abundant natural resources of these Territories,
with the security and protection afforded by an •or
ganized government, will, doubtless, invite to them
a large immigration,
when peace shall restore the
business of the coun try to its accustomed channels.
I .übratt the resolutions of the Legislature of
rade, which evidence the patriotic spirit of the
people of the Territory.
So far, the authority of the United States has
been upheld in all the Territories ,
. as it is hoped it
will be =r, the future .
I commend their interests
and defence to the enlightened and generous care
of Congress. . .
I recommend to the favorable consideration of
Congress the interests of the District of Columbia.
The inairi-ection has been the Willie much end
fering and sacrifice to its inhabitants, and, as they
have no Representative in Congress, that they
should not overlook their just claims upon the
Goverment.
At your late session a joint resolution was adopted
authorizing the President to take measures for faci
litating a proper representation of the industrial
interests of the United States at the exhibition of
the industry of all nations, to be holden at London
ih the year 18112.
I regret to say I have been unable to give per
sonal attention to this subject—a subject at once as
interesting in itself, and so extensively and inti
mately connected with the material prosperity of
the world. Through the Secretaries of State and
of the Interior a plan or system has been devised
and partly matured, which will be laid before
you.
Under and by virtue of the act of Congress en
titled en act to confiscate property used for insur
rectionary purposes, approved August 6, 1861, the
legal claims of certain persons to the Ideor and ser
viee of certain other persons have become forfeit
ed, and numbers of the latter thus liberated are
already dependent on the United States and must
be provided for in some way. Besides this, it is
not impossible that some of the States will Pass
similar enactments for their own benefit respective
ly. and by operation of whioh persons of the same
den will he thrown upon them for disposal. In
such ease I recommend that Congress provide for
accepting such persons from such States according
to some mode of valuation in lieu, pro Canto
of direct taxes, or upon some other plan
to bo agreed upon with ouch States re
spectively, that such persons, on such ac
ceptances by the General Government, be at once
deemed free, and that, in any event, steps be taken
for colonizing both classes (or the one first men
tioned, if the other shall not be brought into exist
ence), at some place or places in a ciiniate congenial
to them - . It might be well to consider too, whether
the free colored people already in the United States
could not, so far as individuals may desire, be, in
cluded in such colonization.
To earl, out the plan of 6614416,4661 i stay lavolao
the acquiring of territory, and, also, the appropri
ation of money beyond that to be expended in the
territorial acquisition. Having practised the ac
quisition of territory for nearly sixty years, the
question of the constitutional pewee to de se is no
longer an open ono with us. The power was quos.
tioned at first by Mr. Jefferson, who, however, in
the purchase of, Louisiana, yielded his scruples on
the plea of great expediency. If it be said that
the only legitimate object of acquiring territory is
to furnish homes for white men, this measure offsets
that object, for the emigration of colored men leaves
additional room for white men remaining or coming
here. Mr. Jefferson, however, placed the import- j
ance of Focuring Louisiana more on political and
commercial grounds, than on providing room for
p opul Li QM
On this whole proposition, including the appro
priation ol.coney with the acquisition of terri
tory, does not the expediency amount to absolute
necessity, that, without which, the Government
itself, cannot be perpetuated if the war continues ?
In annEdderinn tboea ha adopted for sup.
pressing the insurrection, have been anxious sad
onrofui Mitt nnnflict for this nUrnoo
shall not degenerate into a violent aria rembrainess
revolutionary struggle. I have, therefore, in every
case, thought it proper to keep the integrity of the
Union prominent as the primary object of the con.
test on our part, leaving all questions which are
not of vital military importance to the more de
liberate action of the Legislature. •
In the exercise of my best discretion, I have ma
ttered to the blockade of the ports held by the in
surgents, instead of putting in force, by proclama
tion, the law of Congress, enacted at the late ses
sion, for closing those ports. So, also, obeying the
dictates of prudence, as well as the obligations of
law, instead of transcending, I have adhered to the
act of Congress, to confiscate property used for in
surrectionary purposes. If a new law upon the
same subject shall be proposed, its propriety will be
duly considered.
The Union must be preserved, and hence all in
dispensable means must be employed. We should
not he in haste to determine that radical and ex
treme measures, which may reach the loyal as well
as the disloyal, are indispensable.
The inaugural address, at the beginning of the
Administration, and the message to Congress, at
the late special session, were both mainly devoted
to the domestic controversy out of which the insur
rection and consequent war have sprung. Nothing
more occurs to add or subtract, to or from the prin
ciples or general purposes stated and expressed in
that document. The last ray of hope for preserving
the Union peaceably expired at the assault upon
Fort Sumpter, and a general review of what has
occurred since may not be unprofitable.
What was painfully uncertain then is much bet
ter defined and more distinct now, and the progress
of events is plainly in the right direction, The
insurgenhi confidently claimed a strong support from
north of Mason and Dixon's line, and the friends of
the Union were not free from apprehension on that
point. This, however, was soon settled definitely,
and on the right side. South of the line,
noble
little Delaware led off right from the first. Mary
land was made to seem against the Union. Oar
soldiers were assaulted, bridges were burned, and
railroads torn up within her limits, and we were
many days at one time without the ability to bring
a single regiment over her soil to the capital. Now
her bridges and railroads are repaired and open to
the Government. She already . gives seven regi
ments to the cause of the Union, and none to the
enemy, and her_ people, at a regular election, have.
sustained the' On by a larger majority, and a
larger aggregate Tote than they ever before gave to
any candidate, on any question. Kentucky, too,
for some time in doubt, is now decidedly, sad I,
think unchangeably, ranged on the side of the
Union. Missouri is comparatively quiet ? and I
believe Cannot again be overrun by the tnaurree ,
denies. These three States of Maryland, Kentucky,.
and Missouri, neither of which would promise a
single soldier at first, have now an aggregate of not
less limn forty thousand in the field liar the Union,.
while of their citizens certainly not more than a
third of that number, and they of doubtful where- .
abouts and doubtful existence, are in arms against
it. After a somewhat bloody struggle of months,
winter closes on the Union people of Western Vir
ginia, leaving them masters of their own country.
An innirgont f9rue 9f good fifteen hundred, for
months dominating the narrow peninsular region of
the counties of Accomac and 'Northampton, and
known as the Eastern shore of Virginia, together.
with some contiguous puts of Maryland, have laid
down their arms, and the people there have re
newed their allegiance to and accepted the protec
tion of the old flag. This leaves no armed mime-
rectionists north of the Potomac or east of the
Chesapeake.
Also, we have obtained a footing at each of the
isolated points on the Southern coast of _Hatteras,
Port Royal, Tybee Island, near Savannah, and
Ship Island, and we likewise have some general
accounts of popular movements in behalf of the.
Union in North Carolina and Tennessee. These
things demonstrate that the cause of the Union is
advancing steadily Southward.
Since your last adjournment, Lieutenant General .
Scott has retired from the head of the army. During
his long life the nation has not been unmindful of
his merit ; yet, on calling to mind how faithfully,
ably, and brilliantly he has served the country from
a time far back in our history, when few of the
now living had been born, and thence forward
continually, I cannot but think we, are still his
debtors. I submit, therefore, for your considers
, tion, what further mark of recognition is due to
bhp and to ogrselvCs as a grateful people.
With the retirement of General Scott came the
Executive duty of appointing in his stead a General
in-Chief of the army. It is a fortunate circum
stance that neither in council or country was there,.
BO far as I know, guy di frerenoc of opinion as to. the
proper person to be selected. The retiring chief
repeatedly expressed his judgment in favor of
General McClellan for the position, and in this the.
nation seemed to give a unanimous concurrence.
The designation of Central NoPillnn is, therefore,
in a considerable degree, the selection of the coon
try as well as of the Executive, and hence there is
better reason to hope that there will be given him.
the confidence and cordial support, thus, by fair
implication, promised, and without which he can
not, with so full effieieney, serve the country. It
has been said that one bad general is better than
two good ones, and the saying is true, if taken to.
moan no more than that our army is better directed
by a single mind, though infer ior than by two su-.
perier ones at variance and cross purposes with each
ether. And the same is true in all 3.0112 t operations
wherein those engaged can have none but a common,
end in view, and can differ only as to the choice of
means. In a storm at sea no one on board can
wish the ship to sink, and yet not mares/neatly all
go down tortber, tem-Milo tee rawly wilt arca ad
no single mind can be allowed to control.
• -It continues to develop that the insurrection is
largely, if not exclusively, a wax upon the first
principles of popular government—the rights of the
people. Conclusive evidence of this is found in the
most grave and maturely considered public docu
ments, as well as in the general tone of the insur
gents. In those door ments we found the abridge.
merit of the existing right of suffrage, and the de
nial to the people V . all right to participate in the
seleotion of public officers, except the legislative,
boldly advocated, with labored arguments, to prove
that large control of the people in government is
the source of , all political evil. Monarchy itself is
sometimail hinted at ale possible refuge from t! 1
power of the people.
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fed were I to omit raising a warning voice against
Ibis approaeb of returning despotism.
It is not needed nor fitting here, that a general
argument should be made in favor of popular 1 11 4.
tutlone. But there is ono point, with its connate ,
thine, not so hackneyed as moat others, to which I
ask a briefettention :' it is the effort to place capital
on-an equal footing with:, if not above, labor, in the
steeeture of tee (government. It is assumed that
avail:Aloe only le•cenaccilun with capital,—
that nobody labors unless somebody else, owning
capital; somehow ; by the UST of it
f isducee him to
labor. This assumed, itisrnext eonaidered whether
it is best that capitahhal/ hire laborers, ape teed lip ,
to work by their ewer consent, or buy
them, and drive them to it, without their consent.
• Having pet:needed so far, it is naturally concluded
that all laborers are.either - hiristl laborers or what
we call slaves; -and further, it is assumed that,
whoever is once u hired luborer is fixed in that eon.
dition for life. Now, there is ho such relation be
tween capital and labor. as - &seemed,- nor is there
any such thing as a freeman- being fixed for
life in the condition of a hired lebeete. Roils these
assumptions are false, and all inferences -from them
, are groundless. Labor is prior to and independent
of capital. Capital is only•the• fruit' of labor;
and
could never • have existed •If • labor had. not first
existed, Labor is the superior of capitate and
deserves much the higher consideration. Capital
has its rights, which are as worthy of , protec
tion as any other rights. Noe is it denied
that there is, and probably always will be, a
relation between labor and eapitaleprodneing.: mil.
teal benefits. The error is in assuming- that, the
whole labor of the community exists within , that
relation.. A few men own capital; and ' that few
avoid labor themselves, and with their capital hire
or buy another few to labor for them. • A large ma
jority belong to neither class, neitlier work- for
others nor have others working for them. In most.
of the Southern States a majority of the whole
people of all colors are neither slaves •nor mesterei
while in the Northern a large majority are neither
hirers nor hired. Men with their familiar, wives,.
sons, and daughters, work for themselves on- their
farms, in their houses ,
and in their shops; taking
the whole product to themselves, and asking-no
favors of capital on the one hand, nor of hired...la--
borers or slaves on the other. it is not• forgotten.
that a considerable number -of persons mingle their
own labor with their capital—that is, they labor
with their own hands, and also buy or hire others ,
to labor for them ; but this is only et mixed an& not
a distinct class. No etrinciple stated is disturbed
by the existence of this mixed class.
Again, as has already been said, there is- not'or
necessity. any.suoh thing as the free hired laborer
being fixed to that condition for' life. Many inde
eeliderit iiien , 01,1,4 where in -those- Stated, a few
years back in their lives, were hired laborers. The
prudent, penniless beginner in the world labors for
wages awhile, saves a surplus with which to buy
toots or land for himself, then labors on his own ac
must nether , while. and at length hieeS rieethee
new beginner to heiphim. This is the just - and gene
roue and prosperous system which opens the war to
all, gives hope to all, and consequently energy and
progress and improvement of condition to all. Na •
teen living are more worthy to be trusted than those
who toil up from poverty ; none less inclined to
take or touch aught which they have not honestly
earned. Let them beware of surrendering a politi
cal power which they already possess, and which,
if surrendered, will surely he used te close the!
door of advancement ag ainst such as they, and to
fix new disabilities and burdens upon them till all
of liberty shall be lost.
From the first taking of our national census to
Ike last is SefentY years, and WO find our popu
lation at the end of the period eight times as great
as it was at the beginning. The increase- of those
other things -which men deem desirable has been
greater. We thus have at one view what the
popular principle applied to government through
the machinery of the States and the Union has pro
duced in a given time, and also what, if firmly
maintained, it promises for the Allure. There are
already among us those who, if the Union be pre
served, will live to see it contain two hundred and
fay millions. The struggle of to-day is not
ai
together for to-day, it is for a vast future also.
With a reliance on President's all the more firm
and earnest, let us proceed in the great task which
events have devolved upon us.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
Theme:ems, Decembere3, 1861.
0).33:1L.1A.T.1;pc:1
One of the most interesting documents submitted
to Congress at the present session is the report of
Hon. J. M. Edmunds, Cominissioner of the Land
Office. It is a very voluminous document, and con
tains a vast amount of information relative to the,
public lands of our country. Among other things,
Mr. Edmunds speaks of the aggregate of surveyed
lands, offered and nnoffered on the 30th of Septem
ber, 1861; cash sales of bounty lands, swamps, and
railroads; surreys in new Territories of Dakota,
Colorado, Nevada, California, Oregon, Washing
ton, New Mexico, Utah, Kansas, Nebraska, Minne
sota, Missouri, Illinois, Louisiana, and Florida ; of
foreign titles to these lands; of pre-emptions, and
rules governing the pre-emption claims of those
who hare been in the service of the United
Statee or who are now engaged in the war
tor the vnitin
. -`-^
W v
claims, under our various arsliourtittv g 1 &f
ral bounty land claims, under the laws of
1860-st-58 ; of swamp grants; of railroad ap
provals; of the mineral interests of the United
States and the public domain ; and of the boundary
lines now in litigation between many of the Wester.
States and Territories.
In furnishing the country with the of his
department, Mr. Edmunds gives us a vast amount
of useful and necessary information. We leant
that since Juno 30, 1860, there have been surveyed
9,892,125 acres of laud, to which may be added the
number of acres which have been surveyed prior to
that date, and which remain still offered for pre
emption, making an aggregate of 55,555,595 sores.
These lands are liable to proclamation, and subject
to pre-emption. If .we add to this the iiniiihee or
surveyed lands heretofore, liable to private sale
and pre-emption, we find it leaves in the possession
of the United States, on the 30th of September,
1581, a grand total of 134,218,330 eases surveyed,
unsold, offered, and. unoffered.
Mr. Edmunds says,. in speaking of the bounty
land system, that the operations of the land system,
and the disposal of the public lands hare been
checked and suppressed by. the political differences
of the country, growing eutof. the hostile attitude.
assumed towards the United States by the authori
ties controlling the States in revolt against the Fe
deral dovennuent, and he adds the gratifying fact,
thatnotwithstandingtheseeauses, and the necessary
withdrawal for militaryservice of .a large number
of our citizens from agricultural employment, the
general disturbance, of trade, and the exciting
causes iffecting the social system, the energy of
our people and the strength of.our institutions ma
nifest themselves:in the fact, that, unaided by pub
lic sales, fresh lands, actual settlements have in
creased hi such an extent. that, be estimates that
during the past year forty .thousand new eighty
acre farms. have been added .to the wealth of.the
Republic,.
The details of, the..surveyii in the different Terri
tories of the West are elaborated by Mr. Edmunds,
but they are hardly of special, interest to the coun
try.. They exhibit, however, a degree of energy
in consolidating, improving, arranging, and ren
dering useful , uninhabited , , these vast, and almost
unknown regions, which reflect, the greatest credit
upon the people and the authorities. Mr. Edmunds
suggests that the publio surveys in Utah be discont
tinned, until a policy may be devised by Congress
which will induce others than.Murmons to emigrate
to that Territory_ The influence of the Mormon.
church is paramonnt.in Utah, It is virtually an
isolated. Territory of. the. Union, and it is thought
advisable not to continue unnecessary and annum
neralive labor. The surveying service continues in
Minnesota, Illinois, lowa and Kansas, but has been
interrupted. in Missouri , lediana,,,and .Florida, by
the politieal dietuebaneee in those States, Florida,
archives of the surveyors of Louisiana end Florida
having been surrendered to the Confederate autho
rities. Mr. Edmunds,. in his report, submits re
duced. estimates. for, the, surveying department,
in consequence of the drain upon the treasury for
warpurposes, and diminished receipts for the sale of
lands and the cessation of emigration to these wide
fields of publiq domain. Ile thinks, in the pre
sent condition of, public affairs, it would be preju
dicial to great public or private interests to enlarge
the surveying appropriations ; and he very pro
perly thinks that sound policy recommends that all
surveys shall advance according to the require
ments of actual settlements.
The pre-emption principle, accord ingto the Com
missioner, which was recognized in the early legis
lation of our country, hac.riltonod into a permanent
system. In the expansion of the system, how
ever, and in its application to unsurveyed lands in
new States and Territories,..some irregularities have
arisen demanding legislative intervention. In this
connection he alludes to a new point of interest
at the present. time.. Uis attention has been
drawn to the condition of persons claim
ing pre•emptions,. and wishing. to. enlist in the
service of. the limpublic, who are desirous,
of aseettainin4 whether such pre-emptions will be
protected during. the absence of the claimauLs.
Having no doubt, of, the justice of the principle
which will protect the interests of claimants, under
such circumstances, it has received the sanction of
the Commissioner, with this cipalification : that the
pre-emptor is an actual. resident upon and milli•
vator of the trash claimed, has filed his de
claratory statement,.and has fully observed the re
auiremeats of the pre-emption law, up to the pa
ned of his enlistment. In that case, he holds the.
time of actual military service will not be Be eon•
eidered as to result imfiarfeiture of his lands—pro
vided that notice of his entrance into the army, and.
his discharge from service is promptly filed with.
the register and receiver, and that such stops are
taken as will shew a bona fide intention to return..
to the tract, by Wiring his family ofi the lead,
where he has one, and where no family, duyt the
premises shall be placed in proper chugs- for the
pre-emptor, so that residence and cultivaoon shall
be continued when the military service is at an
end.
During the year ending September 30,1801, in,
virtue of the scrip laws of 1852, scrip has been is
sued as bounty-land warrants, for 80,628 acres,
making, with the quantity heretoforis issued, a total!
um of 9;8,654 acres. Before a t p Land gommbs , .,
stoners, claims are 'now pending, equal to 353,35*,
acres. In the Virginia district there are 100,0011
acres liable to computation into scrip. The rebel-.
lion of Virginia will not pitejudice the clainv.of
loyal citizens, lawfully entitad to scrip in satWati-.
doll of their warrehte. aggregate bpuntpland
liabilities already ratiflod by the United, States,
from the commencement of operations, to tlis 30th
December,:lBBl, are sa follows : For revolutionary
serviees,.ln tracts said scrip, 8,200,6 acres for
service in 1812, 4;860 } L20; . can - adieu indinitettrih
71,750. There is now actually located, under Max,
scan bounty-WA set of 1114 T, and the other acts of
1850, 1852,1855, 51,130,870 acres, making a total
of 64,208,458 acres.
Nutria the fiscal year ending June 30, tau,
(Continued on Fourth .Pace.)