Proportioning the former to the latter, end so ad-
Jutting the detains of both, that the whole aMoant
needed may be obtained with certainty, with due
c oanomy, with the least possible inoonvenienee, and
with the greatest possible inokiental benefit to the
people.
The &oratory hns given to fhb! imp ortant sub-
Pot the best consideration which the urgency of
the varied publio dudes has allowed. and now rub
eat
mi.'s to the oonsiJeration of Congress, with gr
deference and no little distrust of his owe Judg
ment,
the opinion that $l , lO 0110 000 eh old be pro
vided by taxation, and that $240,000 000 should
pe eought =
through
er loans. It will hardly be dis
uted that evy sound system of finance de
quids provision by taxation for the prompt die
eharge of all ordinary demands, for the payment
gr a t d h ani n y r no t r e o a n s in lo g a f und and
o f r o r
thtbe er ecdrema t p io tino n o f
oaf
the principal is indispenasble. Public credit can
Daly be supported by public faith, and priblio faith
oan only be maintained by an economies), Amer
geode, and prudent administration of publio affairs
and by the prompt and punctual felalment of
every pablio obligation.
It has been already stated that the appropriations
for she ordinary expenditurea of the fiscal year
1862 inaludlog the permanent and indefinite de
scription*, amounts to $55 887 819 34, and the in
terest to be pail on the debt to be incurred during
the year hoe been estimated at $9,000,000 making
an aggregate of ordinary expenditures of $74 887,•
849 34. If to these sums be added $5 000.000. es a
provision for the reduction and final extingoish
ment of the publio debt, the total wilt be $79,887,-
849 34.
To provide for these payments, it is proposed, in
mordants, with the principle just owed, to raise
by taxation at least the EOM of $BO 000,000. In
considering the choice of means to insure a rave•
nue adequate to the purposes jest indicated, the
atteution of the Secretary has been necessarily
drawn to the different modes of taxation auttio•
rued by the Constitution. The choice is limited
to duties on import'', direot deities, and internal
duties en excises.
Duties on imparts constitute the chief form of
indirect taxation Direct taxation inoludes oapi•
tenon taxes, taxes on real estate, and probably
general taxes on personal property, included in
lists embracing all descriptions, and valued by a
uniform rule, while under the head of internal
duties and excise" may be included all taxes on
consumption and taxes on special • esoriptions of
personal property, with reference to use rather
than value.
The principal advantage of the 'system of direct
taxes iit found to the sensibility with which they
are felt and observed, in the motives thence
arising for economy and fidelity in the Atimini
titration, and in the manifest equity of distributing
burdens to preportion to means, rather than in
proportion to oomnrstion. On the other hand,.
the advantages of indirect taxation by•duties on
imports are found in the economy of oolleotioe, in
the tactility of payment, in the adaptability to the
encouragement of industry, and, above all, in the
avoidance ot Federal interference with the finances
of the States, setting main relienoe for revenue, for
all oh) tots of State administration, must neatness
rile be upon levies of property.
These considerations have doubtless determined
the preference with hes always been evinced by
the people of the Vatted States, as well as by their
Legislative and Executive, for duties on imports
as the chief source of national revenue. Only on
ocoesioes of special exigency has resort been had
to direct taxation, or to internal duties or exeises
No departure is proposed by the Secretary from
the line of poliey than sanctioned. He ventures
to recommend only such modifloationa of the exist
lug tariff as will produce the principal part of the
needed revenue, and each resort to direct taxetion
or internal duties as circumstances may require, in
order to make good whatever of duties may be
found to exist
That the present tariff of duties will not proem
the revenue required by sound principles of
team under the existing circumstances, lea pro
position which will command general merit It
was feared, indeed. with reference to a very differ
t condition of affairs The receipts for the lest
quarter of the Decal year jest closed were only
$.5 627,245 33 and though a very considerable im
provement in the revenue may be coati tautly anti
cipated during the current fiscal year. should no
change be made in the rates of duties, it will be
inadequate, beyond doubt, to the demands of the
Treasury, which should be provided for without
resort to loam. These demands, as has already
been stated, wilt reach the earn of $79 887.849 34
a Bum not greater, perhaps, than may be reasonably
expected in mere prosperous years from a well ad
friskd tariff of dutteserthough greater theism now
be expected from any tariff. The disorders of bald
ness incident to the disturbed condition of political
affairs will be gradually redressed as new channels
open to receive the trade °bonneted in former
courses, and new employments engage the industry
displaced from former pursuits With this revival
of trade and industry the revenue will improve,
even though the restoration of peace may be de.'
bayed beyond our present hope. It is hardly to be
doubted, moreover, that the great body of the °in
sane of the States now involved in the calamities;
of ineurrecion will, ere long, become satisfied that
order and peace, and security for all rights of pro
perty. and for all personal and political rights in
the Union and under the Constitution, are pre
ferable to the disorder and conflict, and insecurity,
necessarily incident to attempts to subvert the Go
vernment, break up its institutions, and destroy
our nationality, by force and violence. When,
under the inflame of this reasonable conviotion,
the people of the several States now constrained
by the criminal folly of political partisans into
oivil war against the Union, shall, in their turn,
constrain these partisans to loyalty, to law, and
obedience to the Constitution,
it is not nu
reasonable to expect that with restored Union
will come not merely renewed prosperity, but
- prosperity renewed in a degree and measure
with on parallel 4 n the past experience of our
country. While reoomMendiog the changes in the
existing tariff, and the other revenue measures
which seem to him necessary, the Secretary in
dulges, therefore, a confident expectation that
they will ultimately prove wholly adequate to all
reasonable demands, for the ordinary expendi
tures for the payment of interest and for the re
duction of the public debt, and that they will
moreover, by establishing the national credit on
sure foundation', contribute in no inconsiderable
degree to that revival of trade and industry which,
by its healthful reaction, will in turn essentially
promote the 'nonce" and security of the revenue.
The sources of revenue moat promptly to be
made available must be sought, doubtless; In the
*violas DOW exempt from duty or hut lightly
taxed. Nearly all of these articles have hereto
fore contributed in foil measure to the national
Immo It was only when the debts contrasted
In former wars for the establishment of our
national independence or the vinclioation of our
tuitional rights had been folly paid, and the
revenue had increased largely beyond any legiti
mate uses of government, that it was thought
proper to remove the duties on some of them and
largely rednoe the duties on others. That intelli
gent patriotism which cheerfully sustained the
former charges will even more cheerfully sustain
those made necessary now for the preservation of
our N•stiotal Union, and the maintenance of the
sovereignty of the people
Of the artiales now lightly taxed, sugar, and
those wholly exempt from duty, tea and coffee, are
the most important. The Secretary most respect
fully proposes to Congress that a duty of two and
a half cents per pound be laid on brown sugar, of
three cents per pound on inlayed sugar, of four
cents per pound on loaf and oiler relined sugars,
of two and a half cents per pound oa syrup ot su
gar oane, of six cents per pound on candy, of six
*eats per gallon on molasses, and of four cents per
gallon on sour molasses; and it is also proposed
that a duty of A7O cents per pound be imposed on
coffee, fifteen cents per pound on bleak tea, and .
twenty cents per pound on green tea From these
duties it is estimated that an additional revenue of
not less thee $15,000 000 annually may be raised,
while the burden of this upon our own people
will be, to some considerable degree, mitigated by
a partioipation oa the part of the foreign pro
damns
Without going into other details, of less import
ance, the tleoretary thinks it proper to add in
general, that from the proposed duties on strider;
now exempt, and from duties, changed duties, on
articles now either lightly burdened, or ao hea
vily taxed that the tax amounts to a prehibition, a
further immure of revenue to the amount of $7,-
000 000 may be anticipated, and that the improv
ing condition of trade and industry warrants spilt
expectation that revenue from the duties of the
present tariff, not yet affected by the proposed
changes, will not fall abort of $3O 000 000. He
estimates, therefore, the total revenue from im
ports, during the present year, ar $57 000 000, to
width may be added the sum of $3 000 000 to be
derived from the sale of the public) lands and ruts
cellaneuns sources. making_ the total revenue for
the ear $6O 000 000
While, therefore, there is every reason to behove
that under a modified tariff, when the prosperity
of the country shall be fully restored, an annual
revenue of not less than $BO 000 000, and probably
mere, may be realized, it will be necessary, in
order to sustain fully the Dublin credit, to provide
for raising the sum of $20 . 000.000 for the current
year at least, by direct taxes, or from internal
duties or exolses, or from both. The Constitution
requires that the former be apportioned among the
States in the ratio of the Federal population, but
the latter need only be uniform throughent the
'United States. Taxes on real estate, and perhaps
general taxes on personal property, must therefore
be apportioned. Taxes on distilled liquors, on
bank notes, on carriages,
and similar descriptions
of property, must not be higher in onekState than
taxes on the sameartiele in another State.
The Secretary submits to the superior wisdom of
Congress the determination of the question, whether
resort shall be made to direct taxes, or to in
ternal, or both, for the supply of the probable
defioienoy of that portion of the public resouroer,
which, upon the principles already explained,
must be furnished by taxation. The valets of the
real and Personal property. of Aim people- of the
United States. according to the census of 1880, is
$l6 102 924 118. or, omitting fraction., sixteen
thousand millions of dollars. The value of real
property is estimated at E 11272 053.881. and 'he
vales of the personal property at $4 832,880 235.
The proportion of property of both direortptions in
the United States excluding tinniest present tinder
instweotion. is $1.0,900,758,009, of which sum
$7 830 530 803 represents, according to the. best
estimates, the value of she real, and $3 270 227.404
the value of the personal property A rate of of
1 per cent, ad valorem on the whole real and per.
BOEIRi Dronertv of the actuary would prodnoe.a sum
Of $2O 128 607 ; rate of 1 5 of .I._per,cent. on the
real and personal property of the States not under.
ittfurreotion would produce the sum of 521,800 058,
and a rate of 3 10 of 1 par cent. on the real pro
psrty alone in these States would produce
$22 891 590; either sum being largely in exoties
of the amount required. In some Stare. the re
venue, far all purposes of State Ism nty, ant mu
nicipal expenditure, is raised in this ...riser, and
the awesernente of 'real and' personal property,
levied on valuations made under State authority,
form a certain and convenient method of collec
tion. If molt valuations existed in all thestatee,
it would not be diffioult, through the assumption
and payment by the several States of their seve
ral proportions of the tax;or through the co-ope
ration of the State authorities in its collection, or
through Federal agenoies created for the purpose,
but using the State valuations to assess and oolleot
the levy for national purposes . It is the absence
of math valuations in tome of the litates, and the
uncertainty of effective co-operatiOdln sli t which
males the employment of an extensive and com-
Viewed Federal machinery for the collection of
direct taxes necessary, and supplies the basis of
the most serious objection against that mode of
collecting revenue'
It has been objected; and not without apparent
reason, to e a
resort to direot taxes at this tine,
that, in consequence of the disturbed condition of
the country, the apportionment required by the
Constitution cannot be made The Secretary.
however, adopts the opinion that the constitutional
requirement wilt be satisfied if Congrees, in the
sot of levying the tax, snail apportion it among
the several State. in the required manner. The
tax cannot become uneonstitttVenal beseure
ft
may be difficult or even temporarily impassi
ble to °oiled it ;Si apportioned. If ft were
otherwise, the - objection would be cant to iheee.
nal &aims as well as to direct taxes; fer in
the present condition of the country it is
impartible, whatever uniformity may be observed
In the law impoolog such duties!, to make them uni
form in colleotion. Internal duties may be col
lected more cheaply than direct taxer, by fewer
agent? and with less interferer's'', with the fineness
of the 'States. They may also be made to bear
mainly upon articles of luxury, and thus diminish,
to a certain event, the burdens imposed by du
ties on imports upon the dames of the people the
least able to bear them.
It has been already shown that a light direct tax
from (the Secretary ventures to suggest) very small
properties may be property and advantageously
exempted, will produce the sum needed for the
revenue. In the judgment of the tiecretary the
needed sum may also be obtained from mederate
charges on stills and distilled liquors, on ale and
beer, on tobacco, on bank notes, on spring oar
riages, on silver-ware and jewelry, and on legacies.
It both sources of revenue be resorted to, to the ex
tent suggested, the amount required from loans
will be proportionately diminished, and the basis
of the mobilo oredtt proportionately enlarged and
strengthened. Whether both these modes of taxa
tion be resorted to under the present emergencies,
or only one of them, the Secretary will but illy per
form his duty to Congress or the people if he omits
to urge the great importance, the absolute noose
city indeed, of each full provision of the annual
revenue as will manifest to the world a fixed pur
pose to maintain inviolate the public faith by the
strictest fidelity to ail public engagements
It will not, perbape, be thought out of place If
the Secretary suggests here that the property of
those engaged in insurrection, or in giving aid and
comfort to the insurgents, may properly be made
to contribute to the expenditures made necessary
by their criminal misconduct, as a part of the pun
ishment due to the guilt of involving the nation in
the oalatoities of civil war, and thereby bringing
distress upon so many innocent persons Congress
may jaetly provide for the forfeiture of the whole
or part of the estates of the offenders, and for the
payment of its proceeds into the public treasury.
Before dismissing the subject of the proper pro
vision for ordinary expenditures, including the
Interest on the public debt, and a proper &mount
for a sinking fund, the Secretary respectfully irks
the consideration of Congress of the question
whether the current disbursements of the Bove rn
merit may not be themselves diminished. Ile ven
tures to suggest that a considerable saving may be
judiciously effected by a reduction, for the time,
of at least 10 per cent upon salaries and wages paid
by the General Government, in Gene where such
reduction will not interfere with existing °entracte,
and that a further saving, perhaps not less non
elderable, may be effected by the abolition of the
franking privilege and a reduction of postal ex
penses Betrenohment, in other directions will
doubtless suggest itself to the reflection of Con
gress;- and it is most respectfully recommended
that every retrenchment compatible with the
vigor and efficiency' of the public service be
promptly and effectually made. •
The Seoretary has already said that, on the
supposition that $BO,OOO 000 may be raised by
taxation in the mode proposed, or derived from
the sales of the public lands and miscellaneous
resources, it will still be neoessary, in order to
meet the extraordinary demands of the present
crisis, to raise the sum of two hundred and forty
millions of dollars by loans. A comparison of the
acts by which loans have already been author
ised, and of the loans actually made, will show
what resources of this description are available
wrier existing laws. The act of Jane 22d, 1860,
authorised the borrowing of $2l 000 000 at an
interest of not above six per cent • Under this
authority, Mr. Secretary Cobb, in Ootober, 1860,
negotiated a loan of $10.000,000, but from oauses
not necessary to be here specified, the takers of
$2 978,000 failed to make good their offers. The
amount realised was, therefore, only $7,022,000,
leaving for Ware negotiation, under the act, the
sum of $l3 978 000.
The act of February Bth, 1801, authorized
another loan of $25,000.000 on bonds at 6 per cent ,
and permitted the acceptance of the best bide,
whether above or below par. Under this Rot, in
February, 1861, Mr. Secretary Dix disposed of
hoods to the amount of $8 600.000 at rates varying
from 90 15 100 to 96 10 100 fer snob ;100, and re
mising the sum of $7 243 600 35, leaving to be
negotiated the sum of $l6 995,000. The sot of
'March 2d,'1881. commonly 'oatiod the tariff set.
authorized another loan of $10,000,000 at an in- I
tercet not exceeding 6 per cent , and also author
, timid the Secretary of the Treasury to issue trea
sury notes in-exchange for coin, or in payment of
debts, for the amount of any bids not accepted
under the act of February 31, 1881, and for the
amount of any loans restricted to par not taken
under the proposals authorized by the act of
January, 1860, or by the tariff act itself.
Under the acts of February and March, 1861,
the present Secretary in April 1861, disposed of
$3 099.000 in bonds, varying in rates from 85 per
omit. to par and $ 4 901,000 in treasury notes at
par: realizing for the $8,000.000 offered the sum
of $7,814 809.80, to the Treasury, and in May,
1881, he disposed of $7,310,000 In bonds, varying
in rates from 85 to 93 per oentum ; and $1,864.000
treasury notes 'at par; realizing for the ;9,994,000
the sum of $7,922,553 45.
The present 'Secretary Mao invited proposals, at
par, for $ l3
,978 000, being the balanoe of the lean
authorized oy the act of June, 1880: No bide were
received, except three for $12,000 in the aggregate,
which, having been made under a misapprehen
sion, were permitted to be withdrawn, or applied
as effete -for treasury notes at par, or for bids
tinder the act of February, at 85 per cent. The
Secretary has since, under the authority of March,
1881, issued treasury notes to offerers at par, and
in' payment to public creditors to the amount of
$2 681,580
The only authority now existing for obtaining
money by loans is, therefore, found in the act
of March 2d, 1861, which authorizes the issuing
of bonds bearing an interest of 6 per cent., or in
default of efters at par, the issue or payment of
treasury notes bearing the same rate of interest
at par to the amount of $lO 000.000 ; and in
the act of Jane 22d, 1860, is modified the act of
March 21, 1880, under which treasury notes at 6
per cent. may be issued or paid to creditors at par
to the amount of $11,393 450 ; making In all au
aggregate of loans authorized in some form,
$2t,393 450. This authority, under existing air- •
oamstances, is no further available than as credit
'Ors may desire to accept payment in' treasury i
notes at 6 per Gent , whionie not to be expected,
jerhaps, as an alternative for delays of which' a
est or prudent Government will not, unless under
extreme necessity, permit the occurrence. -
It needs no argument to work the conviction
that, under the existing laws, little or nothing of '
the required atm can be realised. The magnitude
of the occasion requires other measures. As the
contest in which the Government is now engaged
is a °contest for national existence and the sove
reignty of the people, it Is evidently proper that
the. appeal should be made, in the first instance,
at least, to the people th emselves; and it is
highly dutiable, in order that the circle of con
tribution may be widely extended, to make the
burden press as lightly as possible upon each iro
dividual contributor; and, if possible, .to trans
mute the burden into a benefit. To attain these
desirable objects, the Secretary submits to Con
greer the expediency of opening subscriptions for a
national loan of not lees than $100,000 . 000, to be
issued in the form of treasury Dotes or exchequer
bills, bearing a yearly interest 7 3 10 per cent , to
be paid half yearly, and redeemable at the
pleasure of the United States after three years
from date. The sum of $100,000,000 is named as
the amount for whioh it now seems expedient to
rely on a subscription of this kind. But it is not
intended to restrain loans in this form to any pre
cise limit short of the entire sem which may be
required, in addition to the sums to be realized
from other sources for all the purposes of the year.
The interest.of 7 3 10 per cent. is suggested be
cause it is liberal to the subscriber, convenient for
oaloulatior., and, under existing circumstances, a
fair rate for the Government,
It is beneficial to the whole people that a loan
distributed among themselves should be made eo
advantageous to the takers as to inspire satisfac
tion and the hopes of profit rather than annoyance
and fears of loss. And if the rate of intirest pro
'posed be somewhat higher than that allowed in
ordinary times, it will not be grudged to the sub
scribes when it is remembered that the interest
on the loan will go into the channels of home
circulation, and is to reward those who come for
ward in the hour of peril to place their means at
the disposal of their country. The convenience of
calculation incident to the rate proposed is quite
obvious. for the interest being equal to one cent a
day on $5O, it is only necessary to know the num
ber of days since the date of a note, or the lest
payment of interest, to determine at a glance
the amount due upon it. To increase still fur
ther this facility of calculation, it is proposed,
also, to issue the treasury notes of this loan
in sums of $5O, $lOO, $5OO, $l,OOO, and $5,000, with
the amount of:interest for apeoified periods en
graved on the back of each note. The facility
thus secured to the holder of determining the
exact amount of the note and interest, without
any trouble of computation, will materially en
hance its value for all purposes of investment and
payment. While the rate proposed is thus liberal
and oonvenient, the Secretary regards it as also,
under existing oirottmetanees, fair and equitable to
the Government. The bonds of the U.S. bearing in
tercet of 6 per cent.,and redeemable in twenty years
after date, cannot bo disposed of at current market
-rates, so that the interest on the amount realised
will not exceed-Seven and three-tenths per cent.
Nor is there any reason to believe that treasury
notes, bearing an interest of six per cent., re
ceivable for public dues and convertible into
twenty-years six per cent. bonds, can be disposed
of in any large amounts, so that the interest
of the sum realized will fall much, if at all, short
of .the rate proposed, for the difference of interest,
if any, between snob notes and those of the pro
posed national loan, the Secretary thinks the ab
sence of the feature of reeeivability for public
dues in the latter is a sufficient compensation.
To ware the widest possible ()irate -of contri
bution, the Secretary proposes, in addition to
.the inducements just mentioned, that books' be
opened at the offioe of the United States Trea
surer in Washington. at the offices of the Assistant
Treasurers and depositoriee of public moneys, at the
offices of such postrs eaters and other selected per
sons in each cities and towns of the Union as may
be designated. That subscriptions be received
for $5O, or .any tram being the multiple of 1.50;4
that the RUM illbSCllibtd be paid in cash, or
if the subscriber prefer, in instalments o f one .
tenth at the time of subscription, and one-tenth
on the Ist and 15th days of each month thereafter
.thefirst instalment to be forfeited in case of the
nonpayment of the subsequent instalments, and
that Interest accrue and be paid as it becomes due
on all sums paid in from the day of payment, and
that treasury notes be Weed, if required, for all
payments except the first instalment, and for these
"on final payment.
The Secretary cannot doubt that for a loan so
beneficial and so advantageous, scoured both as to
interest and prinoipal, by adequate provisions of
revenue, an appeal to the people will be answered
with promptitude and liberality. In addition to
the sums to be raised by a national loan, the Secre
tary proposes, in ease it shall be found inexpedient
to provide the whole amount needed in that mode,
that bonds or certificates of debt of the United
States be issued to lenders in this country,
at rates not lower than par, for same of $5OO,
VAMP,: and $lO,OOO, or of 1 00, 500, and 1,000
encode sterling, not exceeding, in the aggregate,
$100,000,00 0 , or if beaked in the currency of Great
BeitoiD not exceeding £20,000 000 Ile proposes
farther that these bonds or oertifloatea be made
redeemable at the pleasure of the Government
after a period not exceeding thirty years after a
common date, not later than the let of January,
1882, and bear an interest not exceeding 7 per
Dent , payable in London, or at the Treasury of the
United States, with the exchange at each rates as
will make the payment equivalent to payment in
London. if the ample provision already recom•
mended for the punctual payment of interest
and final redemption of the principal be made
by Congress, the Secretary entertains a very
confident expectation that it will be found
praotioable to negotiate a very. considerable part
of this loan, if not the whole, in. our own country,
at favorable rates, and that whatever part, if any,
may he wanted from capitalists in other countries
will be easily obtained. For whatever sums may
be needed to uPPIy the full amount required for
tate service of the fiscal year, and as; an auxiliary
measure to those already proposed, the Secretary
recommends that provision be made for the leans
of treasury notes for $lO or $2O each, payable one
year after date to an amount not exceeding, in the
aggregate, $5O 000 000. These notes should bear
an interest of 3 56.100 per cent., and be exchange
able at the will of the holders for treasury
notes or exedseqner bills payable after three
years, bearing 7 3 10the per cent. interest ; or
should it be found more oenvenient, they may ne
made redeemable on demand, in coin, and issued
without interest. In either form, treasury notes
of these smaller denominations may prove very
useful if prudently used. Iu anticipation of reve
nue certain to be received. The gresteet oars
will, however, be requisite to prevent the degra
dation of such issues into an irredeemable paper
currency, than which no more certainly-fatal ex
pedient for impoverishing the masses and dis
crediting the government can well be devised.
The immense of publics debt in consequence of the
disturbed oondition of the country, and from other
sources, will clearly apneas from a brief review.
On the Ist of July, 1860. as shown by the last
annual report, it was $64 769,703 08 It had been
increased. on the let of January, 1861, to the sum
of $66,243,721 83. It bad been further increased,
on the 7th of March, 1861, when the present Se
cretary took charge of the Department, to the
sum of $76,455,299 28. And on the let of July,
1861, the doge of the fiscal year, it had been still
further increased to the sum of $9O 867 828 68.
In connection with the general subjeot of revenue
the Secretary thinks it his duty to invite the atten
tion of Congress to the condition of foreign com
merce, and of the commerce between the State.,
as affected by the existing inntrreotion, at the
ports of the several States of the Union. The
collection of lawful duties en imports has been
foroibly obstructed and prevented for several
months. Thiel condition of affairs, and the admis
sion of foreign merchandise into these ports
without the payment of duties to the United
States, have given opportunity to, many frauds
on the revenue, and must iaeoeariarily occasion
great and harmful disturbance of the regular com
merce of the country. It is the province of Con
gress to apply the proper remedies for the a evils,
and the Secretary begs leave to suggest that the
proper remedies may be found in closing the ports
where the collection of duties is so disturbed, or by
providing for snob collection on shipboard, or else
where beyond the roach of such obstrootione.
Every independent nation exercises the right of
determining what ports within its territorial
limits shall be and what ports shall not be
open to foreign commerce, and nothing can be
clearer than that, where one or more ports may be
temporarily in the potsesslon of insurgents against
the Government, suitable regulations may be
presoribed by proper authority to guard the reve
nue against ' diminution, by adequate provision
for its collection, elsewhere than within the port,
or for depriving the port of its character as a port
of entry or delivery until the ineurreotion shall be
suppressed.
Great inoonvenience and damage to the corn•
mane among the States have also arisen from the
same general muse. To -mitigate these evils and
to prevent, as far as possible, the perversion of
commerce between the States into an agency for
the supply of-the insurgents with means for main
taining sod extending the insurrection, the Beare
tory issued the two circular orders to colleotors, of
which copies are herewith submitted to Congress.
Morn—These have already been published
In framing these orders, the &oratory wane;
oessarily muoh embarrassed by the absence of any
low regulating commerce among the States, ant
by the necessity of conforming them to the son- .
dition of hostility created by the insurrection.
These conditions, under certain circumstances,:
would make all commerce illegal, while, undet
other circumstances, they would only make
unlawful the commerce carried on directly with .
insurgents To remove embarrassment, legils;
latton is required, and the Secretary respectfully
recommends a suitable enactment giving to the
President the power to determine, by proclamation,
or other notifloation, within what limits an ineur
reotion has obtained for the time controlling ad
oendenoy, and must, therefore be regarded as
attended by the effects of civil war, in the
total suspension of commerce, and to establish,
by licence such exceptions to that suspension
as be may deem expedient and peaotioable.
Such an enactment should also provide suit
able penalties and forfeitures for attempts to
carry on unlicensed commerce with insurgents,
or places declared to be in a state of insurrection.
In order to a clearer understanding of the views
expressed in this report, and to promote the
promptitude of action so important in this junc
ture, the Secretary most respectfully submits
to the consideration of Congress a plan for
inoreaeing and improving the revenue, the
draughts of bilis to provide revenue from imports,
and for other purposes; and another to authorize
a national loan, and for other purposes, in nem plf
anoe with the law on that tostjtot ; he also trans
mits detailed statements of the several negotiations
for loans ethos the last annual report from the
Treasury Department. The Secretary is fully and
painfully aware that in presenting and submit
ting this report he has labored under great and pe
culiar disadvantages. Be has but recently as
sumed the oharge of the vast and complicated
oonoerns of his department, and be is deeply
000sclous how imperfectly he is qualified by expe
rience, by talents, or by special arquirements, for
snob a °barge. He understands, also, better per
haps than soy one outside can understand, the diffi
culties incident to the task of which he has now
attempted the performance, augmented and mul
tiplied beyond measure by the criminal inseams-
Um, which deranges commerce, accumulates ex
penditures, necessitates taxes, embarrasses indus
try, depreciates property, cripples enterprise and
frestrates progress Be has simply endeavored,
under these perplexing oirearnetanoes, to meet the
case just ae it is; to set forth plainly the actual
condition of the public finances, and to explain the
Means and measures by which, in his humble
judgment, the evils of the existing situation may
be mitigated, and finally removed.
The energies of a great people will, as ho firmly
believes, surmount all the troubles and calamities
of the present time, and under the good hand of
the God of our fathers out of these very troubles
and difficulties build a future rebirth shall surpass
the whole glorious mat in the richness of its bless
ings and benefits. •
All which he respectfully submits to the indul
gent consideration of Congrese. S P Cruse.,
Secretary of the Treasury.
~~a
SATURDAY, JULY 6, 1861.
float that standard sheet I
Where breathes the fee but falls before nsT
With Freedom's soil beneath orm feet,
And Freedom , s banner...streaming o'er •xti I
The Piesident's Message.
The message of the President was sent to
Congress yesterday. Its manly and patriotic
tone will be universally admired, and it will
fully moot the high expectations which the
public had been led to form from the vigorous
policy which has, up to this time, been pur
sued by the present Administration. There
will be no fears in fatare of a retrograde step,
no dread of a . dissolution of the Confederacy
while men and money
,can be found to sup
port it—no apprehension of a compromise
which is not based upon the complete re-es
tablishment of the integrity of the IMb:in..
Events have clearly shown that the great body
of the American people are true to their re
publican Government, and determined to
enthusiastically sustain it, and they now have
the authentic and unmistakable assurance that
the Government will, in every legitimate
mode, assist and direct their efforts until the
Rebellion is completely. subdued, and peace
and order restored.
The message opens with an interesting re
view of the events which immediately' pre
ceded the fall of Sninpter, by which it is
clearly shown that the insurgents wore in
every sense the aggressors, and that upon
their heads rests the sole blame and responsi
bility for all the bloodshed which may be
caused by the present conflict.
The frank and plain statement of the Presi
dent in regard to the active measures he his'
been compelled to adopt, in view of the
threatening proportions of the rebellion, will
carry with it, to every patriotic mind, a con-; ,
'notion of ,the prOpriety of his course, and it
will doubtless be promptly ratified, in every ,
respect, by Congress.
In asking for the aid of 400,000 men and an:
appropriatien of $400,000,000, for the 'purpose
of (‘ making this contest a short and decisive
ono," he echoes the general desire and ex
pectation. The more speedily the war is ended
the bettor it will be for all sections, and wo
should, as soon as possible, put into the field
a force with which it would manifestly be vain
for our antagonists to contend. We shall thus
not only show the whole people of the South
the folly of attempting to'maintain their hos
tile and treasonable attitude, but diminish the
probabilities of any interference in , our affairs
by European Governments.
The -thorough exposure which the President
makes of the folly of the Secession' theory
will be read with deep interest, and will go far
to prove to the whole world the utterly illegal
and revolutionary character of the movement
of the insurgents.
A marked feature of the message is the tone
of kindneaswhich accompanies even its firmest
declarations of an unalterable purpose to pre
ser.ve the Union. A spirit of duty, and not of
revenge, actuates the President, and be is
ready to assure those sections which are now
in arms that "after the rebellion shall have
been -suppressed," the ,Constitation and the
laws will still be invoked to decide how they,
like the loyal portions of the country, shall be
governed.
Tax warm weather is scattering our citi
zens Beaward. The train for Atlantic City, at
4 P. M., this afternoon, will doubtless go
crowded with those who enjoy a.plunge in the
breakers.
THE PRESS. - -PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, JULY 6, 1861.
There is something very cheering in the
tone of the messagerof Governor Przaroer,
the now Executive of Virginia, who has
established fill cailtal, for the present, at
Wheeling, to the .new Legislature. Be as
sumes broad and patriotic ground, and pro
ceeding upon the impregnable doctrine that
all legislation that conflicts with the National
Constitution, which is the fundamental law of
the, land, Is necessarily null and void, be ad
vises the election of new United States Sena
tors, to take the seats vacated by the with
drawal 'of the two traitors, HUNTER 'and 3f.5.-
see ; publishes the prompt response of the
Secretary of .War to his appeal for aid to sup.
press the ci rebellion and violence" which
has broken out in the State, and proceeds
to act in all matters of internal policy
as vigorously as if Jonx Lerma-a had never
occupied the position which ho
_has evident.
ly forfeited by his treasonable canduOt. Thus
a precedent is set, which, as the campaign
progresses, may be properly followed in other
portions of the Union. We have now over
awed treason in Delaware, Maryland, and
Kentucky, and a gallant political and military
battle Is being waged against it in the Old Do
minion which must result in its downfall. We
are ready to hall, and assist as brethren, all
who recognize allegiance to'our common
country, and to resolutely- oppose all who at
tempt to establish or unite with a liostils Go
vernment within our dominiOns.Animated by
this spirit ; State after State must he rescued
from the control of the insurgents as ra
pidly as our troops advanee, and the loyal
and . intelligent citizens can be taught
the wickedness and infamy of the designs
of the trititor chieftains, the folly of at
tempting to maintain a' rebellion which
must inevitably be crushed, and ^the evils
which would be entailed . - ipon; the whole
American people by a destrietion4the Con
federacy under which they have enjoyed all
their past' prosperity and achieved all their
•greatness. In Tennessee, also, the nucleus
for a loyal State Governmenthas been formed,
and before many weeks elapse we trust it wil
be in vigorous operation. In • portions of
North Carolina, Georgia, and Texas, evidences
of the existence of a strong Union-sentiment
have recently been manifested;and it' only
needs the presence of Our troops to guard the
citizens from outrage and oppression, to 'elicit
in portions of Louislana,',Alabama, or even or
South Carolina; niany expressions Of con
tinued attachment to the Federal Government.
cc Coercion" was never more freely and more
cruelly resorted to than by the 'conspira
tors who sought to create a Revolu
tion at the South, •at the very moment
they were trying to paralyze the nation by
preventing it from making an effort to protect
the property and the strongholds they bad
resolved to attack. By ec coercion" they bate
'controlled legislatures and conventions, inti
midated popular assemblies, recruited armies,
and swelled their revolt to its present formi
dable dimensions. But a judicious exercise
"Of "coercion," under the skilful direction of
.Gen. Scour, at the head of an overpowering
array, has already checked their onset, and
will eventually destroy the whole movement.
And when the real objects of the war are un
derstoOd, our forces will everywhere-le hailed
as - they were at Martinsburg• on the 4th of
July, as friends and deliverers, and Union
governors and legislatures will be selected, as
in Western Virginia, to take the place of those .
who have been the-aiders and abettors of
traitors.
The rapid advance of General PAATEBSON,
and tho bravery displayed by the troops un-'
der his command, a large proportion of whom'
are Pennsylvanians, is the best answer" that
could be. given- to those who have been de
nouncing him because, like an experienced
soldier, he wished to avoid any hasty and
advised step, and to complete all his prepara
tions, before making an , irresistible attack
upon the
.enemy. • .
The plibliehed accounts show that while all
'have done their duty nobly, special credit is
due to the Eleventh Regiment, commanded by
Colonel JARRETT, formerly the
, engineer--of
the Sunbury and Erie Railroad, nd to Capt.
kioldur.mv's Philadelphia Rangers, who are
fulfilling the high expectations which their
fellow.citisens had formed from their known
intrepidity and:deterinined character.
The disadvantage of having an irtny2corn.:
posed to a large eitentof Dien who are
nominally engaged r must be.eerionsly telt by'
the insurgent'. leaders. Notwithstanding 'all
we haVe heard of the sympathy of the people
of the South with the Secession movement,
the fact is notorious that impressment hail been
one of their chief Paeans of filling up their
ranks, and their ." volunteers" consist largely
of involuntary soldiers. As a necessary con
sequence they embrace every opportunity
that presents • itself to desert, and in battle
they might prove under favorable circum
stances almost as dangerous to some of their
Disunion companions as to — the National
army. Considering that the insurgents have
not only a dangerous servile populations to,
contend against, but that they are also obliged
to keep a constant watch over a portion of
their own associates to whose services they
have no valid claim, while an irresistible•
force under tho direction of Gen. Sco7 is
hemming them in on all aides, their condition
is far from enviabld, and the period of their
final overthrow cannot be far distant.- •
rtss.
The National
The able and interesting report of 'the Se
cretary of War presents a gratifying account
of the energy which has been disMayed by the
Administration, and of the grand outpOuring
of the patriotic spirit of the American people,
since the insurgents inaugurated a war by their
dastardly assault upon Fort Sumter. Not-
Withetanding the 'impatience and restlessnelis
which has been evinced .in many quarters, it
will be seen that the services of a large force
have . been accepted, and that even after the disc
charge of all those whose term • of enlistment
is for but three months, there will stilLhe left
available for Beryl& 188,000 volunteers and
42;000 regulars; or,a•total- Of 260;900 officer's
and men,*and if Congress sees-proper to ate
thoriee a still •larger arn3y, it can readily "te
increased to 600,000 men. •
• A few days ago' we 'mentioned that. there. ha
been, in this city, by the Ocean Skictiter;
first importation of Cognac brandy : in bottlis
from France, under the late Tariff bill. The 14
portation is of tbe best: brands—namely, 1850,
1852, 1858, and 1858, and ban been received froth
the United Vineyard, Proprietors' Compani,
(George Balignac, manager,) and icon sale by or.
friends J. M. Leslie Co., No. 138 South Frost
street. We notice that the same Ann advert4s
. .- .
Its justly celebrated Ginger Wine,—tin agreeable,
wholesome, stomachic, and most refreshing bo*-
rage,—whiolt is equally good in summer and
ter. That is, in hot weather with ice and watir,
and, in other seasons, with hot water, sugar, d
a trifle of Jamaica, (a mixture which mortals .I 1
punch,) excessively acceptable to temperance
folks, who have the good taale to be choice in tbbir
drinks. .
-.. .... .
Walson's Zonaves at. Fort Picken
BEN M'CRLLOUGR'iI PROCLAMATION.
• ST. Louts, July 5 —The Pensacola aorrespenisiat
'of the Mobile Advoriisir says that the steamier
Vanderbilt, arrived at Fort . Pickens on tha th
ultimo, and I,slnded Wilson's Zottaves
The steamer s Illinois and Swan had also ar
rived. 1
The Memphis Appeal, of the 2a inst., has pub' ,
fr 11.-
fished a proOlataatit:ta from Ben MeOullough,
on all the oitizenn of Arkansas having State or
private arms,
to vend twous at Fayetteville, where
they will be formed 'ln regiments and battalions,
and subsistence • '
Re saye that the troops Of Missouri are falling
back on yon, and If they are not sustained yen
will be invaded and your tiouCes tiosolated.
Celebration of the Fourth at CitiaP
Was, Chisrsit, July 5.-LA brigade, Cutioisting
of the First and Seventh Regiments, webs formed
yesterday, at Camp Wayne, under Commend Of Col.
Biddle Roberts, of the - First 'Regiment,jUd•
Harvey commanding the Seventh. They Nr°
join e d by the volunteer oompanfes of the borough;N.
and Reek's brass band, and marolled into town.
forming on High street, where they'were inspected
by Major General Motlalliand 'reviewed by Gov.
Curtin.
The Governor was wermly .received all along
the line . and upon taking the right the proceision
marched to Everhart's Grove, where, after appro
priate exercises, a substantial dinner was for
fished the troops. by the good Chester county
farmers of the vicinity, to whioh ample justice
was done, and the men having given hearty cheer!
for the Constitution, the Governor, and the pocipie
of Chester county, returned to the camps well
pleased with the most appropriate and patriotic,
manner in which the day had been celebrated:
BALE or LACE MANTILLAS, &C.—The attention
of the ladles Is Invited to the sale;,tbls day, at ten
o'oleok, of floe lace mantillas, ms-ntles, &o.,at
Birch it Bon's auction store, No. 914 n Obesnnt
street.
The New Virginia Government.
The Advance of Gea. Patterson.
The Involuntary Volunteers.
Wayne.
PORMATTON Or A :BRIGADE
LATEST NEWS
By Telegraph to The Prem.
FROM WASHINGTON.
Special Despatches to " The Press.'
WASEIINGTON, July 5, 1861
important Mllito.v Movements.
There is a ocommotion to d y, and an agreeable
eeneation running through the various regiment!
on this side the Potomao, growing out of the pros
peot of an early advanoe to the other szde of the
river.
Five companies of the Third U. 8. Infantry,
commanded by Morn SYKES, crowed the river at
10 o'clock last bight, and are now on Arlington
Heights. The companies are B, Lieut. Kaar H,
Meat. SHERIDAN; K, Meat. Motrooh ; G, Meat.
WILLIAMS ; D, Lteat. BELL and Lieut. PARKER ;
Meat. W. H. DICICENSoN, Adjutant.
Griffin's battery crossed at the same time, and
is on : Arlington Heights, prepared for - a
concerted
forward movement.
The Garibaldi Guard.
This noble qghnent, went over the river this
morning, to report at Alexandria. Their destina
tion is beyond that point As they moved up the
Avenue the band was playing and every soldier
was singing spirited airs, and many of them carry
ing their rations on the point of their bayonets.
The Rhode Island Regiments.
I am informed on good authority, that the
Rhode Island First and 13econd Regiments are or
dered to move to morrow evening into Virginia.
These noble regiments are undoubtedly selected
to take part in the active movement now evidently
not far off in point of time or locality .
The Seventy-first ordered to Virginia.
• The Bevel:ay-first N. Y., at the Navy Yard, bad
their ATMS inspected to-day, and are ordered to be
ready to march to-morrow evening. Their desti
nation, with other regiments, is said to be direct to
Manassas function.
The Seven ty.first received their new uniform to
day, from New York, and will go over the river,
looking and feeling every,man a soldier. I need
not inform you that they are all elated by the or
der for a forward movement:
Their place at the Navy Yard Will be supplied
it in raid, by a Michigan regiment.
The Secretary of the Navy.
I am officially authorized to Bay that the oft-re
peated reports intimating the contemplated resig.
nation of the Secretary of the Navy are without
one word of truth. While the moat perfect bar•
mony prevaita between the President, hie Cabinet,
and. General SCOTT, each department is sustained
in the detail of its duties by a corps of efficient and
most industrious clerks. Captain Fox, chief clerk
of the navy, is rarely out of his office until ten or
eleven o'clock at night, often selecting the quiet
hours of the night to bring up alone those de.
spatchoe and documents which require personal
attention. The same remark may apply to Mr.
SANDERSON, chief clerk of the War Department,
who, at 10i.o'olook P. M., takes a cold lunch in
his office, and then applies himself for another hour
or two to the pressing business of the Department.
These positions are no eineourzs •
Potomac Steamer Arrived.
The steamtng Reliance arrived up the river at 3
o'clock yesterday. dhe reports all quM sdong the
barks of the , river, and could not diseevei any in
dioations of batteries.
The Fourth at Night.
Oar olty, though Mad with strangers and soldiers
yesterday, was quiet and orderly, and the evening
and the night passed away without the occurrence
of a riot. Ocoasionally a few soldiers would, under
the influence of whisky, group together and get
excited, but they were immediately, in every case,
taken oharge of by the extra mounted patrol, and
Cent, under guard, to their camps.
Carrying Weapons.
The community are justly complaining against
the praiitiee of soldiers carrying weapons tvhen off
duty and in the city It is urged thit tapers
Should imperatively insist that every soldier, before
leaving camp to visit thef' city, should divest bin/-
atilt' of his sidearms, and not be allowed to carry
even a bayonet.
Hotels 'Full
WILLARD'S, and the National, are full. At the
former accommodations were denied to a large
number who made application to-day.
Serenaded.
Mama. GROW and ETIVIRIDGE were serenaded
lest evening, and were called out. They made
abort, but natriette and aphited addreeeee. •
Piano for the White House. ,
A splendid equara piano, from Philadelphia,
was received and put up at the White Rouse
Pub. Does. by Telegraph.
The members of Congress very generally die'
approve of the plan adopted .of sending lengthy
and important public doommenta by telegraph.
Notwithstanding the extraordinary effiaiency - Of
the telegraph, it. is - aimoit tuipoasible t 0.4,40: a
:document of any considerable length through
without being more or -leo Anutibited, We re-
wiginFal- ars.
fitiktetilia come papers owing to the livitiatii.ariftif
the telegraph report of it. There can bitio — lm
propriety in forwarding the President's message
and reports of the Secretaries twenty-four boars
in advance of their official birth. ' -
N&Batteries at Matthias' Point.
The Star of this evening has an item of nerve
which says that the steamer Relzancet, which ar
rived at the navy . yard yesterday afternoon, had
brought intelligence that the rebels have mounted
.breastworks stlttattblas' Point, with a battery of
two rifled cannon supported by sixteen hundred
infantry and:aavalry. There is no truth whatever
in the report—my former deepatob, stating that
the Pocahontas had made a reconnoissance and
reported no batteries there, being literally true.
More Troops Arrived.
• The Thirty fourth New York Regiment arrived
at 10 o'clock this evening in fine spirits. -
Regimental Chaplains.
The War Committee of our Young Men's Mile'
Han Assoolition memorialized the War Depart
ment to-day, praying that inquiry may be made
into the system of appointing regimental °hap
lains,.as they find actors and other unworthy par-
Alas Ming that °Moe.
Another Fight in Western Virginia.
. •
The Star of this evening has a spools] corr.-
.apondenoe from Grafton, dated July 3, whieh says
that a battle was fought at Buokanon, tipshar
oonnty, on Sunday night, and that the rebels were
rented. .The report seems to be true,,for the same
paper bas a later special which Confirms the first
in most part. The correspondent says :
Shortly after I closed my letter to you of pester
day, we received information of a nonsiderible
„ -fight, at least in its results,, between General Mor
ris' of this (MeClellan'a) army, and the
enemy, commanded by ` either Henry A. Wise or
I Bob Garnett, (late of the United States army,) in
Denson. It took place to the right of Bookanon.
Our troops engaged were almost entirely Ohioans;
the Third and Fourth regiments, that had gone
out by the way of Clarksburg. The citizen bring
ing the new, here says he could •not learn (at
Clarkebarg) whether Wise or Garnett commanded
.the Disutioalsts, who retreated as hastily as possi
' hie, with the loss of twenty-three killed, two
dred prisoners, and seventy one horses, that Mor
rie captured. On our side, note man was killed.
The motion took plate on Snniay night-that
very early Monday morning, I presume. Such•
is the account of the aTiir received here, as ex
plained above. Our troops, immediately after the
fight, continued the pursuit of the retreating
enemy. We have news from across the ooantry,
that Gen: MoCleilin expects to
,00me up with the j
enemy at Laurel Hill to•motrow—Ahe 4th. A con
siderable portion of •Wise's force is•pested there;
and as that force will probably by that time be
joined by the force the Unionists whipped on Sun
day tight near Baokanon, if Wise will venture to
fight anywhere, it will probably be there. He
(Wise) will do his beet to make his men fight, if
but bowmen,' after his usual fashion, on his way
out to this quarter he abused the Virginians who
ran at Phillippa recently, most sham/fatly, for
Poltroons and cowards; not once, but In a dozen
impromptu speeches . If his command continues to
run after be has selected his own grour.d for a bit
tie his dentinoiations of his friends engaged at
Phillinpa will come back upon him so that he
will be the laughing stock of the wh ole country.
His total force is about 10 000 of whom but 3 000
may fairly be called willing enemies or the Mars
and Stripes, as they are the volunteers he bronght
with him from Staunton The rest are nearly all
men drafted in the Valley, and •thus seemingly
forced into the eervimiat !lie point of the bayonet.
More than half of theni are doubtless Union men,
rather tban Secessioriiets, at heart. The force
with which Gen: McClellan operates consists (I.
learn to day, on what I regard as good authority)
of 19 000 men, in three divisions, under himself,
Brigadier General Morris, of Indiana. and Briga
dier General Rosencrant•z; of Ohio. The latter le
a West Pointer, who graduated at the head of his
class, and iitherefore a thoroughly educated and
competent soldier.
All here are exceedingly anxious to hear of to
morrow's expected work somewhere about Laurel
Mil. General McClellan, on leaving Clarksburg
with his column, took the pietatitioa to prohibit
any private despatches whatever from being sent
by telegraph from that point, to prevent the ene- .
my from 'by any chance obtaining intelligence of
his movements. Everywhere here there are par
ties doubtless in seoret correspondence with Wise
and Garnett •by express, any of whom would parry
to them, under whip and spur, whatever news of
advantage to them they might be able to piok up.
This prohibition, of course operates to prevent us
here frtsi promptly learning full particulars of
MoOlellan's movem eau,. •
Arrivals ,trout Pennsylvania.
. .
At Willard's—Dr. B. Ward and lady, G. W.
Foes, H. J. Brooke, John Richards, Wm. Neirlins,
;men P. Gregory, F. 8. Bunter ' Dr. Strawbridge,
„Firth, L Bottom', W. B Irwin, B. IL Jew
etts,•-.C. Thomas, W. B. Thomas and lady, two
Missive Thomas, Mrs. G B. Earle, R. W. Gray,
Thom, vs Klaiber, John . Voorhees, 0. P. Moore, E.
L. Pat tick, J. W. Jones, Dr: . Thomas, N. Mi
med', jr:s
irt.r,C-en.tod's--John Linton, D. 11. Lleoke. Jas.
Watson, U eorge W. Few:lnner, J. Woodruff, T. A.
Bailey, 0 B Hughes, E. Mintzer, 8 E Datfield,
L Dattlelci, •J. H. Stroton, J. W. Oampion,• P..
Harvey, O. R. Dyke:kap, M. Healey : J. M. Dutton
Gonrge
B rowi e.,l-41eorge T. DeOosta, M. M. 3 - unie
lady, Thor .' Gales Forster, B. Jenks, Ansths
Ackley.
/Yalsonal. —A. P. Bissell & lady.
DEFEAT OF A PORTION OF WISE'S
AitilY
Twenty•three Rebels Killed and Two Ilundre
PrisDnerL
WARIUNGTOII, July 5 —The star has a speolal
despatoh from Grafton, dated the SI instant, whieh
says that General Morris attacked and routed a
division of Wise's army on Monday morning, at
Builithannen, kttllnglwenty three, and taking two
hundred prisoners and seventy-three horses.
It was a regular foot race, and one of his men
being killed, General Morris sent a large force in
pursuit of the fugitives.
General McClellan was expected to attack the
main body of General Wise, at Laurel Hill, on the
fourth.
..THE BATTERY AT IrATTRIAII' POINT-IfOVIIIENT OF
Wasutrarow, July 5 —The steam tender Bell.
ante, which name np vi the navy yard from the
lower part of the river yesterday, reports that
the rebels have mounted two rifled Gannon on the
breastworks at Matthias' Point. Their foroe there
is estimated at 1,600 men.
The steam transport Philadelphia, went down
the river, at 10a o'clook this morning, Lieut. Par
ker, of the navy yard, in command. She took
an extra crow of sailors and has probably gone to
reconnoitre the position of the enemy at the above
named polo t•
A battalion of United States Infantry, the Third
Regiment, went into Virginia last night, with
Griffin's battery.
Sherman's battery left here at 4 o'clock this
morning for Virginia. This is the belt light ar
tillery organization in the world
General Scott has expressed the desire that
there should be no delay on the part of the Cover
nary of the loyal States in sending_forward their
sharpshooters, as their services at this time would
be of great value, considering the mode of warfare
adopted by the enemy.
The Thirty-fourth New York Regiment, .of Her
kimer county, arrived hare to-night.
The Navy Department is assured, from respeota
hie source*, that the report in relation to the battle
at Matthias Point, brought up by the steamboat
Reliance is incorrect • that there are no works
there, and'ho troops hetve been recently seen . in
the neighborhood.
From General Pattersonls Colunin.
liderinwsnrinci, Va., July 4.—The whole of Gen.
Patterson's column moved yesterday and encamped
here, where we are quietly passing the 4th of July.
The most admirable order is preserved, although
some outrages have been committed upon private
properly: Captain Nadenbush, of company A, in
Colonel Alien's First Virginia Regiment, has bad
his house completely gutted by stragglers from
various regiments. Ballier's Twenty- first Penn
sylvania and Davis' Twenty-third Pennsylvania
are principally blamed for it.
Captain hfolkiullin's Rangers are keeping guard
over it. The'soldiers got into the distillery and
began to abstract large quantities of liquor. The
liquor was emptied . into the (week. Gen. Patterson
has given orders to shoot the drat man caught
stealing private property. The order will be
enforced.
A rumor prevails that Gen. MoClellan'eelumn
is only,two days march from here, but I amunable
to trace it to any reliable source.
The nearest . force of the rebels to no is at Big
Springs, on the route to Winchester, three miles
below here, but this is only a double picket guard.
General Johnson has moved forward the heaviest
part of his column to Banker Hill, a small village
ten miles below. His column has been seriously
weakened by sending forward 4,000 men to assist
in opposing General McCiellan's column. It is,
therefore, reduced to about 12,000, and is numeri
cally less than ours by 4,000. 'Barnacle's Rhoda
Island Artillery will be here to-morrow. Double
day's heavy battery is now here.
The Wisconsin Regiment and the Eleventh Penn
sylvania have gone back to Williamsport to - guard
the battery there, and also the provision train.
Yesterday Company B, of the Tenth Pennsyl
vania, came moos a rebel patrol of cavalry, and
fired upon them, killing one and wounding two.
Yesterday about fifty cavalry passed through
this place, in full retreat, just before the head of
the column of United States troops reached here.
They were in a very. great hurry.
The people of the town received the Federal
troops with quiet but deep demonstrations of jcy.
Ladies and children thronged 'the streets in per
feot security, and with • laughing, joyous hilarity,
within two hours after the troops bad pitched their
tents. After 8 o'oleok not a soldier, save the
guard, was seen in the streets.
The pickets, by mistake, Area upon each other
last night, and one man in Col. Nagle's regiment
was killed.
An <Moor in the medical staff of Col. Johnson's
brigade, as it retreated from the battle of Monday,
at Elainesville, through this place, said first he had
with him thirteen wounded men. These, with
those that are known to be in farm -houses in the
naighborhooC, would make the rebel loss fully
twenty lisre!'? - 1 have as.yet seen only four rebel
prisoneritkiiiii in the fight of Moncilay.
No adiaziOti; will be. ma de from,There wain
orroir:''
. en - -gatnetallkorjetu. Pleat
_City
Troop were exposed to Wraps et the enemy for
:Some time.
Yesterday morning a . Ooluti of company B,
Boott Legion, Capt. Hawkirloith, teok four prison
er, among whom was a trooper, while upon s
scout.
The enemy pearled through here on Monday
afternoon with forty-two Prisoners, taken from
:various Pennsylvania regiments. Some of them
had left the lines to fight upon their own nook.
Most of these men of Capt. Hess' company, Fif
teenth Pennsylvania, were surrounded by the
enemy's cavalry, who, being dressed exactly like
the United States regulars, were mistaken by the
captain for cur own men until resist►noe was use
less.
From Alexandria
ALEXANDZIA, July s.—Notwithstanding that ru
mor has advanoed oar army into the heart of Vir
ginia within the last twenty-four hours, and an
ticipated a bloody and deeisive battle, the position
000npied is about the same as before. There is no
more reason to anticipate a hasty forward move
ment at this time than there was a month ago, when
the correspondents of sensation newspapers in
dulged in snob, anticipations nightly ; [although
the additions made to our force since that time now
indioate the immense preparations that were then
yet necessary for such a campaign as will attend
the advaseeto Richmond.
A rumor.was current in Washington today that
Our troops have advanced within three miles of
Fairfax Court House, but it Is incorreot. The
northeastern piokets of the rebels are encamped at
Falls Church village. Our pickets in that di
rection extend three miles out. The reports from
the camps represent things as quiet. An alarm
was occasioned at Camp MoDowell last night by
scouting parties reporting an advente of the enemy,
which turned out to be incorrect.
e is that two of the rebel scantling par=
ties fired on eaoh other, by mistake, on Wednes
day night.
A slave who arrived at one of the camps, re
ported the troops at Fairfax as retiring, but other
soirees repretent the number at from 6,000 to
7,000. .
From Gen: ltleClellanle Column.
El:romaltsrote, Va., July 5 —The telegraph was
completed to this place this evening.
Gen. 'McClellan and a division of his oommand
are here. A forward movement will probably be
,made in a few days. The enemy is reported in
considerable force a few =Bea west of Beverly, but
the largest body is said to be at Laurel Hill. '
'A New York Volunteer Killed.
Beimuorts. July 5 —The body of Private Banks,
of the nil! . York Ninth Regiment; arrived this
evening,•frem Harper's Perry, on its way to New
York. The deceased was shot at the bridge, by
concealed troops, on the Virginia elde. Two other
members of the oompany were wounded.
Movement of Troops in Ohio and In-
diana.
•. _ • •
CINCINNATI, July 5 —Tite':l2,s_aurtev.—.
teel" R
rndb-- eaitneati'lircheis.ieskeiday for
Virginia. The Thirteeithladian*left Indienapo
lie last , night, „Fourteenth left
Indiasapolii
.44;;11aoii vii Benoit. One
oavalry compasairarmed with eirbines and re
volvers, leaveS Indianapolis this afternoon, via
Cincinnati. Two Kentuoky regiments, with the
Eighth and Tielfth Ohio, will leave Camp Den
nison to morrow or Monday for Virginia.
The Fourth was celebrated here yesterday with
great enthusiasm. The Home Guard paraded two
regiments, and made a splendid appeeranoe. The
streets were thronged, and public. and private
bitildings were profusely deoorated with flag`
From the Upper Potomac.
Realms? ows, July 5.—A umber of unfounded
minors have been in circulation hero during the
pant tiventrfour hours, and last night a guard was
oat, under the apprehension that an attempt would
be made to blow up the town. i:laptain A. R. Eddy
toot precautionary measures, and all was quiet
during the night, though etriot discipline was en
foroed.
Henry MeLeary was arrested this morning, by .
Private Oblately, of the Independent Rangers,
for using seditious language, and that disrespectful
to the ladies, by saying that they were pressed
into the hospital eervlie. He was severely repri
manded by Captain Eddy.
Fare at New Orleans.
Nim Oitimens, July 5.—A block of small frame
homer, on Toledano street, was destroyed by fie,
•
this morning. -Loss $35,000.
The , Fites in Boston.
• BOSION, July s.—The tire in Albany and Hudson
Assets destroys& twenty buildings. Loss $50,000
$10460,000. •
The loss by the East Beaten Are is now estimated
ist about $500,000.
THIRTY-SEVENTH, CONGRESS,
EXTRA SESSION.
SENAT
Mr. MALL of New Hampshire, called ap his
resolution offered yesterday to proceed to the elec
tion of Sergeant at• Arms of the Senate.
Oa the first ballot 4t votes were out, as follow':
George P. Brows ' 29
D R McNair. 9
George Brown 2
R. Beale 1
Mr George). Brown was declared sleeted. He
appeared and took the maid oath
Mr. RALE offered a resolution that the salary,of
Mr. McNair be paid till December. Issid over.
Mr. Sarmsnuar, of Delaware, asked the Sena
tor from New Hampshire, if Mr. McNair Well a
worthy officer, why he had been removed at all ?
Mr. fiaLs said if the Senator would telt him
why the State of Delaware removed Mr. Comegys,
and sent him (Saulsbury) here, perhaps he would
answer.
Mr Crum:min, of Michigan, gave notice that he
should, to-morrow ' introduce a bill to confiscate
the property of all the Governors of the States, the
members of the liegielaluros, jadgei of the courts,
and all the military of above the rank of lieu
tenant, who shall take nu arose against the Govern
ment of the United States, or aid or abet treason
against the Government ; and that all such persons
be forever dliqualiffed from holding any office of
honor, emolument, or trust in the Government;
such property to be applied to restore to the Union
men, in the rebel States, any losses they may have
suffered.
A menage was received from the House that
that body had appointed &committee to wait upon
the President and inform him that the House was
ready to receive any communication' from him,
and
Messrs alma, of New Hampshire, and BIAOWN•
ING, of Illinois, were appointed 'a - similar com
mittee on the part of the donate.
The tents then took_a recess till half past one
o'clock. .
After the recess the Senate wag called to order.
Mr. Bens, from the joint committee to wait on
the President, reported that the President would
,00mmunionte forthwith in writing.
The President's Message was then repaired and
read.
After the reading of the Message it was ordered
to beprinted, with the acoompanylog dectunents.
Mr. HALE. of New Hampshire, gave notice that
be should introduce a bill for the temporary in
origami of the navy.,
The Senate then adjourned. •
Nora—The resignation in the Senate, yesterday,
was that of the clerk, Mr Joseph Nicholson, in
stead of the secretary, Mr. ',taking
Ira Goodenow, of New York, was elected Door
keeper.
ROUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
The Howie met" at noon, .and. on motion o r Mr.
LOVEJOY, of Minnie, proceeded to the election of
Bergeant•at-Arms. .
Messrs. Blodgett, Edward, Ball of Ohio, Gloat
brenner, Seabrook, and Flood, were osbdidates
for Sergeant at Arms. Ex Congremman Ball will
sleeted.
Mr CRITriNDRN, of Kentucky, appeared and
took the usual oath to support the Constitution of
the United States
Mr. Jouitsost, of Pennsylvania, presented a me•
mortal from Mr Kline, contesting the Seat cf Mr.
Verree, of Pennsylvania. Referred to the Com
mittee on Elections.
Mr. EDWaRDS, of New Hampshire, offered a
r.solution to postpone the election of doorkeeper
ti l the first of the regular session of Congress. He
s'id that Mr. Marston had sustained a severe Eddie.
tion in the death of his wife. In consequence of
this he had only arrived here last night, and
therefore had had no opportunity to consult with
his friends. ItPsolution tt.bled.
On motion of Mr Cox, of Ohio, the am: Mr.
Stockton Was declared the Chaplain of th pre
sent Congress.
The Nebraska eleotlon case was disc - waled, and
an ineffeistuel effort made to substitute Mr. Mor
ton for Mr. Daloy. Finally, tlte latter was sworn
in.
MI. STEVENS, of Pennsylvania, gave notioe of
the introduction of a bill to repeal all' the laws
creating ports of entry in the rebellious, litotes.
Also, a bill to provide for holding a UnitiolStates
court in Wheeling.
Mr. CAMPEBLL, of Pennsylvania, presented a
resolution, which was adopted, allowing member;
the amount heretofore -paid for stationery and
newspapers..
" Mr. VAN Wrck asked leave to introduce a bill
providing for the transmission of the letters of
officers and soldiers free of postage.
Mr. BURNETT, of Kentucky, being opposed to
the franking privilege, objected. Adjourned.-
Conflagration at Boston.
DISTRUCTION OP TIM • BAST BOSTON IRON roux-
DRY. SICTIONAL DOCK, AND "lee DWILLINGS—
POUR TOOSOLS DEWED ARID OTHERI INJURED
BOSTON, July s.—An immense 'Conflagration no
purred at Best Boston, yesterday. The following
properties were destroyed:
Nickerson's wharves and salt warehouses:
- The Suffolk salt mills.
The Bast Boston Iron foundry and machine
shops.
The sectional dock and marine railwayi
Nearly one hundred dwellings and the marine
and mechanical warehouses, - as well as an :im
mense amount of lumber, timber, marine stores,
and patterns of all descriptions, including the
moulds for the new gunboat oontraoted for by
Paul Curtis
The bark Mystery, of Boston, completely de
stroyed. Also, the brigs Henry Matthias and
Funny 0. .Fold, and sohooner Quindaso. The
latter had arrived in distress, with a cargo of MC..
UMW, from Trinidad, for Cork.
The barkentine Ethearst Hal, of New Yerk,
Sehoonere'Dosh-omay:F A. Hawkins, Mart/us
Ann 0' Noitt, all badly burnt.
.Ic is impossible to estimate the loss. Twelve
three-story dwellings in Hudson and Allary streets
.were also burnt yesterday.
1191:1COND DYBPATCH_ J
The fire yesterday; in addition - to thOmmense
-"equable wharf property and storehousek, destroy
-ed - sibarre . eeehundred .dwellings—reeol-eress
_two.htandred fammes - nornmesr - ytsrge quantiti es
of spruce, and other r
prepared lumber and timber
for snip and boat building were also destroye:l;
'also, the armory of the Union Clnards, which corps
is - now at the seat: of war. The total lops of
property is over one million of dollars.
Advance of Gen. rattervon's Army
Wasartrorole, July s.—General Patterson has
achieved another brilliant and important success.
Information was received here, yesterday, from
Martinsburg, that he entered and passed through
that place in the morning. in hot pursuit of the
enemy.
The army was welcomed with enthusiasm by
the mass of the population, gratified by the protec
tion promised and now given by the Government:
Thug, the 4th of July was gloriously celebrated in
Martinsburg.
The rebel fore., which Gen. Patterson scattered
when he crossed the river, lost sixty killed and had
many more wounded. It rallied yesterday and
presented a front, but again retreated to a distance
of seven or eight miles where they have been re
inforced.
Absurd Report of she tapture of iron
Pickens.
BALTIMORE, July s.—The Secessionists here pro
fess to have news by a gentleman arrived from
11.1ohmond;that Fort Pickens had been taken, with
a heavy loss to the Confederates
This report has probably been put afloat In the
rebel oampa to keep up the spirits of the men
under one of the eMssequenees of rebellion—no
Fourth of J . nly in their calendar of holidays
There can be no doubt that the siege of Fort
Piokena has been abandoned.
Froin Fortress Monroe.
FOUTREBB Mouses, July 4 —The Washington
correspondent of the New York Times does great
injastioe to both General Butler and James
Gordon Bennett in his telegram of July 21. Be
states that " the editor of the Satanic is being
roundly denounced by Gen. Butler, as a traitor,"
and that the commandant of Fortress Monroe im
plies that he has oonolusive evidence; thighs, the
editor, is in correspondence with the rebels, giving
them aid, comfort, and information. Gen. Butler
has made no denunciation of this Kind, and has no
evidence whatever that the editor of the Herald
Is in oorrespondenoe with the rebels
A flag of truce yesterday brought down the Bri
tish consul from Norfolk, who was desirous of visit
ing Baltimore in reference to an English.vessel
which had got into trouble. Cenituodore String
hem would not permit him to do so, for the 'reason
that the privilege of the flag of truce had been
already sufficiently abused by the Secessionists.
heavy firing was heard this morning in the di
rection of Norfolk. It was doubtless salutes in
honor of American independence .
The ships of-war in the harbor fired a national
salute at neon, the guns of the fortress responding
There are grand parades this evening at the seve
ral camps.
There are no military movements expected to
day. Work at the fortress has ;been , generally
suspended.
The Blockade in the Gull.
ARRIVAL OP TRW ITIAMIR SIIWANNXII
Haw Yoarc, July, 5 —The steamer Suwannee,
arrived yesterday, from Key West. She has on
board the_ prise orew which was put on board the
bark ii. E Spearing by the U.S. steamer Brook
lyn. The Spearing was released at Hey West, and
ordered to NeW York.
The ship Regulus also arrived yesterday—was
ordered off from the mouth of the Mbeiesippi by
the gun -boat South Carolina.
Gpitipment Intelligence from Europe.
v.ANIFINa•,
614 It is understol" l u;;Z l: h• .Utiropean de at
In Eogiand. From. France 13 7.'" 4- dimPos„li 4 4 2 k
Moniteur's article, which afforded so mnoh"„loy111
the Secessionists, his been explained away to the
evident satisfaction -of &oratory Seward. From
all Northern Euiope, Spain, and Italy, the most
hearty and sincere expres sions of sympiithy for
the United States, in the present contest are fur
sished to - this Government. No privakiars will
be permitted to enter into any:. foreign'. porta.
From all them* accounts there is rejoicing CA.
Mai quarters that Seoassiou is dead and burled 'ln
Europe
The Fourth at Louisville.
Lontsvmms, July s.—The Democrat, of this
morning, states that a Secession tag 'was raised
there yesterday, bat was torn down and burned by
the citizens in the neighborhood. The Uoionista
oelebrated the day enthusiastically; the military
paraded, a national slag was raised at Walker's
Exchange, and patriotic speeches were made by
Mr. Oaasiday and others.
The Courser says that a eornpany of 110 men
from Trimble county passed through. going South
last evening. Another company of 100 leave to
day. -
he D6mocrat Gaye a company of 40 men from
Lexington left yesterday.
The Annzves easy in St. Louts.
Br. Louis, July 5—A salute of 34 gua was
find from the Arsenal at sunrise yesterday, and
another at noon and a retreat At sunset Speeches
were made by the olllosra and the D.olitrotio o o f
Independence was read- The band performed
martial music, and patrioUo songs were 'sung by
the soldiers.
The oity was unusually quiet, a large proportion
of die oitisens spending the day in the country.
Marine Ditiatiter 'in the Pacific.
New YORK, July,b.—The ship Sea Lark,,trom
glacatlan, reports having spoke, June 12. latitude
S deg.. 6 min.' longitude 37 deg. 40 min., the whaler
Genereil rfrsiliams; haViag on board Oipt..Wood
and three Pellenett Of tite , ahlp:Esitgar P. kirisiger,
loaf at fee.-
S *tether* News Via LORlsville,
LOINIVILLs, July 5 —The fet•ln D b li A
the Si Instant 0171 that seven liand e • i . '" ?
Cue, with *nee are i n cemp r i wtoi
A specdal message from Little g o , k h
Montgomery and Lane are marching for ti - e Y i l r2 tt
onuntry. It alto abates that a prc a i i , - •ndl t:
been filmed by Aisj w General MoCalls e •,, 411ft le
oa the citizens of Arkansas to v es t al , ttift rils,
tromps on their frontier, and orderin g o li i s.to
at Fevotteville.
tet dere.
4
The Augusta Constetufsenaltit thlekt
h e l d that the Confederate Constitution will -lisb.
in tbat Rtato r
4 te m
The Grand Ledge of old Fello w , r ,
have invited the Southern Latest m
eery
jet
iromory and dieselve States ne ction with 01 ' 'Nu
Lodge of the United ser,
Governor Pettus. of hileelsrippi , i„, 14 t --'
metion'ealling on the State elhotrs to 00,,Jrrelt.
arms, rifles, shotguns, new and old, lo eau sa il
order, and to send them to Jackson. All ri' L ' tt
are notified to an/ themselves with d ootl 'Rta
reed abotgune
si l ,
The Memphis Appeal 6Rgtiest9 thhesilee'l
all the old iron about the plantatioe s to b t .,_• t! q
into Lincoln pills. 4•4•44
The Legielature of T0131208%3 Ste m st;,
It poised a bill exempting the ooe4;°.,ttel
for military immerses from taxation. 4, 4 ,,.t;erd
authOrizes the Governor to home trearo, 7 ... ?le
the amount of $3,000,000. of a d enoroieu n i ce t !
less th an $5 nor more than $5OO, and l etarst il t ...-
'a:leading tie per cent., nod tbat the s l o t , I ,_-.4
ineffable as currency Also, an act i t atk 7lr .
treaauty notes of the Confederate States bastrill
in Tenneesee
I n the affair of the capture of the also
rm„„
St Nicholas, a speoial despatch to the Nbre
Union says it was accomplish e d by
the _ ty. ~
Znuaves, under Clel. Themes, wh o alto 'Llssi
from the land at Point Lookout. Th" j i 7irr
hired a brig in the bay, and ran the be lti j*
prederielesburg The prises t
aro Tun 1
al t.,
$375,000 .
The direotors of the Lonieville awl li n t wat
railroad, in tension here yesterday, u inkt ,
resolved that as common earlier* they e mi 7
refrne the transportation of goods beam. me.
and until such transportation ebould b e h a ;
unlawful by a court havingoempetent rviellei'w
The question of legality will he &elitist! on
, 14
the decielon of the court will be conformed ; 0 4
the directors.
..- A . Aespatch from Nashville, dated alnly4tbs,,
the no and down passenger trains on the nn
and Nashville Railroad were 'sized tblr month.
ot a
this
1 sMajor Camp ci
t.y. i s
t T Te r
ch o
re a
t o l d p a l mAn e wan ,
nhzi n dnie e cegrh a ra
c r soopt 0
cit .: l it, ; ha :
e o yn4 h :r : ee l
etab l
tp a v ao
ntt
12 1 12: 1
tiel l e rbei
it:b.
bu e k:ta: s itr t i ta
rt. : : : .l
the
vi engines
iie,a a g n a d i ru nning
monstrated, and this ecieure ryes a oreutityk,
protection. General Anderson infermed th e , in
here that no further seizure, would be rude eli
that the trains should pees nuieterrnplm.
'he Louisville Morning Aurae/ le fathom at
the seizure of the Louisville Wedaesdepoirkt
train on the Memphis branch of the litentilla eat
at Clarksville. The trains were subtegerod,,,,
dored not to . go further than Bowling Gram g m ,
tacky.
WAVIIINOTON, Jury 5,
Interesting News from Washfurtoo
[Report to Associated Praia I
WASHINGTON, Jody 3—ltiacertainthe, eller th
discharge of the threcAnontba men them will aili
be an available force of volunteers amonetirg
188 • which. added to the regular army affil
coaatitute a total force of 234 000 ofilz,:l tad
It will be for Congreae to determine whether tte
army shall at this time be Increased by the addl.
Lion of a still larger volunteer force .
The probable total amount required for GI
earthy. added to the appropriailen made for tie
year, ending with June 30th, MO, fir the fora
now in the field, or which has bean accepted std
will he in s ervice within the next twenty Il an 5
$183,300,000 The ealimatea for the !or 111 • 14
large, hoe exact figures are sot yet cr,ioiltd.
Noteri:hrtanding the very many per it the
streets yesterday, the order was excellant Ti e
review of the eighteen or twenty New York ne.
menu; was the grand feature of the day A t in ,
folly arranged pavilion was erected on ?email
vania avenue, near the Executive hfoirotien. forth
accommodation and comfort of the Eremite tat
military officers; by tittle pavilion the troop posted
The Preaident introduced Geo. S.cott to the at
titude
able remarks.of oiviliana, and made a few highly amen.
seor e t ar i ee &ward and Smith, Attorney Geoem
Bates, Generals Sanford and fnx, aho, lemma
to the impatient demands of the crowd, delirged
brief addresses.
The scene wee intensely interesting • and the
to
prated cheering manifested the depth et the p.
triode enthusiasm
All the lumbers of the Ceinnot and oher Etc
tinguishad gentlemen were sheltered from them:
under the apprepriately adorned pavilion. WM;
after the display to that locality the President mi
hie friends were escorted to the Treasury grant&
where they hoisted the national flag OP the MI
especially planted for tte 06C811600
There was ringing of belts and firing of cannon
daring the day, and innumerable street exiiti
tione of pyrotechnics at night. The military in t!'
camps were not inpersible to the obaervaree
day, and a sergeant of the Texas cavalry egra'•
teed the anniversary by getting marled.
The Republican members of the Home are, th
morning, holding a canoes os the itibjme of cagy
dates for Sergeant at-arms, Doorkeeper, and Pon
master-
Spea.ker Grow wee, last evening, ger/Elided, an
made a apeeoh, amid great rejoicmg and daub
it would require a person of otnquitons pow
to ascertain hit the movements of troop. Soni
United States infantry and Captain Griffin's att7
levy paned into Virginia between twelve and sit
o'clock this morning.
The New York Twenty-fifth Regiment of volx,
teen has arrived.
NEw "tonic, July 5 —Tha steamer Mw Wo l6
sank in the Hodson on Wsdncrdsy nigh. Nobe
were That.
[For The Pree&l
imp...tint chant& Of time Bali Mita,
zB4. dab soar Oryinal tresaee in the exi:
Modern astrtmomens here added bat little to the
theories of Seneca as to the nature and alums of
comets; yet in his time the regularity of thir
courses had not been determined. " Why," said IA
"should we be astonished that comets, 'hickory a
rare a spectacle in the world, have not yet cone
under certain rules ; or that we have nit hitleetr
been able to determine where begins or cods the
course of planets as anoieot as the universe. IA
whoee'returos aro at each distant intervals! Di
time will come !" he exclaims with enthusiasm,
" when posterity will be amazed at our linortzeil
in things eo very evident ; for what now snouts
us obscure will, one day or other, in the coed" of
ages, and through the industry of our dewetdiam
become manifestly clear."
The speculations of the "posterity" ei Seneca
have not yet resulted in amazement, nor the ob•
ecurity of hie time become manifestly eleu,thebth
we believe with him that his pr•pheoy is beini 3,4
wilt be fully verified. It Is impossible for the
pigmy, man, to behold this eeemlog lases littera
of the universe apart from some undefined invites
sion that its appearance is of dire import. fie may
theorise on the subject of parallaxes, afrserions
mations, and orbits, yet the infinity of the vies
must exhaust all his theories.
The poet hall said—
" A h ! veil may regal nets torn thee
And satellites turn pale—
Ten millions cubic, miles o! heal.
Ten billion kepis, of tail."
If regal orbs and satellites tarn pale, a fort"ri
must the pigmy, man, have has lewd inn/W:0
of 'dread.
Master John Evelyn. in his diary under dote of
January 12, 1681, writes " This evening, looking
out of my chamber window tomtit the vest, I
saw a meteor of an obsonre bright color, rely mod
in shape like the blade of a sword, the rest of the
sky very serene -and clear. What dile may ror
tend God only knows ; but such another pi 12901 9 9.
non 1 remember to have seen in 1640, shout the
trial of the great Earl of Strafford, preceding ott
bloody rebellion. I pray God avert hts jaigreente
We have had of late several comets, anent
thigh
I believe appear from natural causes, and of rhea
selves operate not, yet I cannot despise them
They may be warnings from Ood, 93 they son.
monly are forerunners of his animadsertiom "
Master Evelyn was a God-fearing man, ssd,
re
calling the 13th verse of the 9:b chapter of One'
gin. "I do get my bow in the cloud, and it thol
be
for a token of a covenant between me mid a ,
earth," he oould not "despise" the oomot.
".What an amazing ttiought it is," nil ' l '
essayist, " to outsider this stupendous body, tri*
vending the immensity of Creatioa with nab o te•
pidity, and at the same time wheelingabcat Ls thit
line which the Almighty has prescribed for it! du
it should move in such inconceivable fury azd o °7;
bastion, and at the same time with such in
regularity ell,'
! How spaciorm must the noire:se be
that gives such bodies as the... their WI OF
without suffering the least disorder or eonfr.rion by
it ! What a glorious show are those beings tee
tallied. with, that can look into this groat rhesus ol
nature, and see myriads of such tremendoto
depths
wandering through those immearnroba.
depths of ether, and running their appointed
,
courses! Oar eyes may hereafter be crag acn e
to command this magnificent prospect. and oar or.
deretanding able to find out the several Met 0!
these great parte of the Universe. In the mean'
time they are very proper objects for our Unless
tins to contemplate, that we may form more es
sited notions of Infinite Wisdom and P ow e l l the
t l 4
of
learn to , think humbly of ourselves, std
ell u t
little week' of human invention " N.
Alin ire' , litiand Around We 'hippo s
We 00 P.Y the following items from the Wesit ils i .
tOriStar of lest evening :
:. • . -Willow cOLOWEL 87032 5 COMMAND.
WOW,. a
...--- r 1.5 int
11 — MAW, ruedieor .5 :a , : We I"
with' the New York Ninth, Pannsylvanle rtiv`.,
and :New Hampshire First regiments. A v 3 . 11 '
battery of railroad iron is just visible on the iit
ginits side, but we are unable to deiermiDetnl
bomber of guns. The Disunion nide far rff a° i l l :
constantly along the river, but are tco
our men to reach them with their e ve IC' ire
our
for a battery of artillery rY d "i:
when th at arrives we Ebel! be able to m5t!,.,,,,i
cosh " see eights . The President's Ainuote ° ' do h*
is out continually,
good service. Every night large scouting le l 4
scouring the country, sad
..., i
are sent ont from our regiments, bat re Beeti * ,,'; i
lets are pioked up as yet. Strict gr ord is s f . ,
over all the rum shops. and no intorioatlng Ite'l
al
lowed
Is to bild to the t.
Itexpected so that an ad ro vanc ops e will he inadelo'o.
Virginia te'ninbti by some of our boys; Ind , i i :.„ )
we shall look for a - brisk time. All our boas •_.
In good health, mud enjoying themselves tor%
Yesterday, a man came over in a boat fl,":
i t r i i i t n e tti rai , e w w en atit o h n
Virginia aide, with a flag of trace;
acd• a fter
Ctoolonwelußbituilgetta,:f
i tte , N is e h : iirr : ,. .l
was unable to sacertain. Probably we e' i fg I
a brush here before long. In the resent _ e re
will endeavor to keep you posted on s fsirs re
*bouts.
FROM OTIR ADVANCI POSTS
.‘,..., be
PALMS CitUrtert, July 5—L have Mai' '".....,. e
hare yet
fore the departure of your express menleoje'f,ii.
aey that we had a sort of alarm
—tbat Is aronsing--olused by tae uch sole!, 1 . ,
preach of the enemy's pickets to im p at
einity, and towards Gen Tyler's twat' et .,.st
tavern. They same down to within 111 ,1 '''..:,,,
of our guards, but after remaining until dt,7
tog that we were preparing to receive thent,•
changed their mind apparently. and? ddesil ".
off in the direotion of Fairfax Court use., _,i
i l l
The army on this side were yesterney retcw ,
by the arrival, from General Mansfield's come ;
of a battery of United States light artillery 1
dye or six companies of regulars. All is il , '
.D-day.
L 489 of a Hudson River Steamer.
The Comet.