The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, November 30, 1860, Image 2

it Mlf, not in troops of armed moo, but is courtesy.
Thatthet power may grow, and establtehits throne
anon the everlasting foundations of tbe human
boast, we may well make it our ambition and our
prayer. It is an objoet worth living and dying
for; fhr bayond the aooumulatlon of fortunes like
S OMwort norm"''!* wehave
'S&'la tW^Thinkwlvi^y’^^member.
88W?£ 5? C
Importua# you, the eharity. t® “•I 1 ?,®”?”
smdertShing, whieh this »onttoai«pen»
throo*b th* ln«lcm*nt e&ffon of «i» uw*
{■STmtitafa to God that If not gencroof to man.
If youaro happy ta your Massing?, remember that
the happy are always kindly and mumttoent, do
iigbtingto make happy. Andnowloommendyon
to iho Sought of aninvisible Benefaotor in heaven,
and ot your suffering brothers and slaters every-
on earth. Let theso thoughts kindle libe
ral Intents and saored prayers in our bosoms, and
bring down upon us an overlasting blessing.
Rev. John Chambers on “Howto Save
the Union.”
It was announced that the Rev. John Chambers
would deliver a sermon on “ How to save the
Union,” and his ohnroh on Broad street was accord*
ingly yesterday morqjng. The reverend,
gentleman announced the text for the discourse to
befrom Isaiah xxl; 11,12, as follows: “Heealleth
to me out of Seir, Watchman, what of the night ?
Watchman, what of the night? watohman
said,' The' morning oomclh, and also tho night: if
yon will inquire, inquire ye : return, como.”
Ko one'oould feel the responsibility of his posi
tion more than did the speaker. He stood before
a large audience as a minister of the Lord Jesus
Christ devoted to the interests of the Master and
blsklngdom. As a Christian he was bound by the
Bible and the teachings of the Bible; as a citizen
he was firmly identified with tho Constitution and
the Union, fie felt that we were in the midst of
fearful trials, and consequently he oenld not be in
different to the interests and perils of the hour.
The question he dosignod considering was "How
is the Republics to be perpetuated ?” He was
aware that on this point there was much diversity
' of opinion, end that many would Say there was no
eauee for alarm. The speaker believed there was
danger, No sane man could shut his eyes to that
fact—and we may as well know it now. He did
not speak as an alarmist, for the faots were palpa
ble 'to all. Where was the impossibility of dia
union? It was just as positively asserted years
since that there was no danger of the Church of
God being divided. Yet, what do we see now ?
The Methodist Church—that vast empire of intel
lect, benevolence, and religious enterprise, whose
influence’ extended from •shore to shore—was now
completely divided and sectionalized. Tho Baptist
church end the Now School Presbyterian ohurch
presented the same painful spectacle. They were
so completely divided that the s&orod elements of:
Christian communion woro refused among brethren.
The cause that led to the rupture was the question
now before the country, and producing tho present
agitation. If it proved sufheient to sectionaiize
the Ohurch ef Goa, what can fcindor it from divid
ing the eivtt ties which bind these States in a po
litical union ?
Admitting ibis, the question again recurred,
what can bo done to avert the dissolution of the
Union?.'Theory comes up from all parts of the
land: “ W atohman, what of the night ? Watch
man, what of the night?”—and the answer rolling
up &om the North, the South, the Bast, and tho
West, throbs through the great national heart,
“Themorning cometh, and also the night: if ye
will inquire, inquire ye: return, come.”
After vividly depicting the evils that must ne
cessarily follow a dissolution of the Union, the
speaker proposed to show how the RepubUo might
bo saved from such a calamity:
I. By a rigid and universal adhorencotothe let
tor and the spirit of the Constitution and the laws
of the United States. Universal obedience to the
laws was not only a duty on the part of the oivil
authority of eaoh State, but on every citizen of
that State. However binding the laws on our sta
tute books might be regarded by jurists, unless sus
tained by the heart of the people they were lutite.
The people of this Commonwealth would not permit
other (States to Imringe their rights, and they should
practise the toleranoo they expect to receive. The
Constitution was the foundation of the compact be
tween people and people, and we should sustain
its provisions as religiously as we defend like
Christians the dootrinos of tho Bible.
II Let those States whieh have efiaoted laws
nullifying tho Constitution end the laws of the
lend, at onee repeal them. They owe it to the na
tion—to the community of national interests—to
patriotism, and to God. If one State can legislato
against the General Government, another can do
it. In the Northern States, or at least in many of
them, laws are on the statute book direotly in op
position to the letter and spirit of our general Con
stitution. If the repeal of those laws would tend
tho political mind, and remove the Intense
poUßoal excitement now prevailing, nod threaten
xogTaiSAster to the nation, what State would not
be megnasimouß enough to do so ? They should
come up to the work like men If a brother is in
jured, who will refuse brotherly reparation ? Let
us hasten to do this thing, And, having removed
the cause of alienation, once more let us shake
hands In conciliation, harmony, and peaoo.
111. Let all the States unite in the spirit of fra
ternal love, securing to the citizens of each State
a full enjoyment of their constitutional rights—no
more and no less. Let them be assured on manly
henoT, that they have rights—rights of opinion and
rights of property—and lot us give them this assu
rance without curtailment, prevarication, or men
tal reservation. We of Pennsylvania expect ear
constitutional rights to be reoogoisedendreipeoted
by South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, and Mary
land ; and have not the citizens of these Common
wealths the same right to insist upon our giving
them the ume praotioal auoranoef If we demand
it under the Constitution, thoy demand it also.
What we expect of others we should render in re
turn. There should be a beautiful system of re
ciprocity running through every State, and we of
the NottVthoula toitalu our part'in it. If the
right of rendering property was constitutional, then
all States should enjoy it: No matter what that
property is, ft should bo protected in possession
and returned to the owner without let or hin-
J -mtr if lit rrrthf iH u t Y v Wii*rnSianrt
C&ro*
tin a, or Georgia, hare me same' prbteotton to his
property whon travelling through Pennsylvania
and the Northern States '. Whatever the Cooitt
tutton recognizes as property we were bound to
rospeot, and ho State could righteously pass a law
to nullity its possession or existence. If this was
granted, there would he no disunion, and in, the
breast of the speaker there was no firm pa thy for
disunion so long as Union was maintains! on prin
ciple,' -
IV. As Christians we should recognize the pre
cept of Jesus, "Bender unto Ciesar the things
which*are Cmsat’s.” As Christians and as otti
zens we should obey the powere ordained by God;'
If we had only done our duty in this respect as
Christians, there would be no dissension to-day
He believed as devoutly as he believed in eternity
thst tf the American pulpit had dose its duty the
Ameriesn nation would be at peace. When we
see the ministers of God substituting rifles for Bi
bles, and disseminating discord among men, it was
lime for the. Christian community to arise. He do
sired to urge upon his hearers the duty of sustain
ing the Constitution and the laws of the United
States. As for the speaker, he had platted his feet
upon that reck, and nothing bnt an eleotrio bolt
dashing Worn a thunder oloud oould remove him.
Our Constitution—the American Bible—had
been framed by as gifted minds, as pure hearts, and
as noble spirits, as over were created—by men
who loved law. order, peace and liberty. We
should ail Obey-it. Eaofa State should carefully,
scrupulously, conscientiously mind its own busi
ness; 'irthe people do not like the laws let them
ba repealed—But until legally repealed they ibould
stand by the fourth article and every other artieie
in the Constitution.
Once more, we ehould remember that we ere a
nation of brothers. When the revolutionary
straggle took place, no blood flowed more freely,
mere patriotically than the blood of our Southern
fathers. The ehivalrous sons of the South had
shed their blood in every portion of the colonial
battle-grounds. Between the North and South
there still exists a brotherhood of blood. We are
ell proud of the glory of the American namo
Shaft this fraternal blood now ran together in
Obnfliot into one great river of terrible
death? Shall there be civil war, anaroby, and
desolation? Shall brother fight against brother,
andTrinifflan against kinsman? Shall a single star
be erased from the glorious galaxy, or a single
btripe be blotted from the consecrated fold ? Shall
the American eagio, the proud bird which baa
soared aloft in majesty and glory for three score
ten, be compelled to jwur out one wild
shriokaeit rises from-its morning lair: “ Fare
well, farewell, the land of the freo aad the home
of the brave. 7 ’
God Almighty forbid such a catastrophe 1 Let
the sons of the Pinokneya, tho Adamses, the (Mays,
the Patrick flenrya, the descendants of Northern
patriots and Southern patriots, once more unite
under the Constitution and its laws, and within
the bounds of a holy Union. Letevory men speak
kindly and lovingly. Lot us do it in the spirit of
patriotism and lore—obeying the commands of our
Constitution and the laws—and then we can meet,
should we live another year, in a spirit of thanks*
giving Indeed, with a country happy and prosper*
oca, and with the atars and stripes shining tmsul*
lied.. In the name of the fathers, ho begged for
union, knd in conclusion, invoked upon the people
of America, whotber North, South, Hast, or West,
whether in States or Territories, the infinite mercy
and'lovfng kindness of our Heavenly Father.
Dr. Kevin’s Sermon.
, The B«v. Dr. Novin, pastor of Alexander Pres
byterian Church, selected these three passages of
Sc rip tore as the basis of his Thanksgiving dis
course, which was delivered to an appreciative
audience:
potion.—Psalm oxivii, 20.
—f'srun >1. 2,
Hold fait that which la good.— l Thess. v, 21.
The subject was introduced by an allusion to
our natural tendency to deal moro with the pillar
Of elood than the pillar of fire, and to make mote
account of our miseries than our mercies. We arc
unlike the son-dial, whloh marks the bright
hours, and lets the dark ones escape. A famous
antiquarian and artist, living in Home, gave him*
•elf half an hour every day to meditate on his
Italian happiness, and it would be well for Ameri-
to carry out the spirit of his example. If we
recognise the positive element of Providence, we
should, also value its preventive agenoy, ana be
thankful, for the evils for which we are ?iot
affiioted, as well as for tho blessings we enjoy.
As a nation, we are fond of novelties and ex
citements, and this restlessness, reaching to what*
aver, is fixed and familiar, however good It may
be, extends also to our political relations and in*
etitutioas. Many an ardent spirit, now regarding
with cold indifference, if not with sullen and ear*
etftfe.dissatisfaction, the workings of our govern*
mautai system, would, if it were shattered or
destroyed, count even life as a cheap sacrifice for
itSMStpration.
■a HOW largely has God favored os in the past!
Jwwfntiuul to us has our glorious Union been in
Ist i Jiff Of poll tic al independence and well-regu-
How should bur bosoms swell with gratitude as
we ■uryey ear broad, and beautiful, and blessed
U 5 scenery, msjestio rivers,,
t seaboards, populous cities,
beautiful hamlets, luxuriant' land*
! cHabSit fh.3kPbfdL
??*?**?.. ft 01 .*' “>• zzeloSoa* Qt.ltyr,
o“?i SSSKSSsssr
Dwtjgth.rtf.-tima of lb*
(•rti-lk* qiMkvr), tha popnUtton ot.tS« Suu*
nrtU Nipaaa os* hundred millions; and who ora
estimate tha future happiness, and Improvement,
gud oomfort of these vast aud growing masaos,
or their influence upon the world ?
All this, under God, is Owing to eur glorious
Union , whioh was not formed .by, the marriage of
Northern Ferdinands with Bonutem Isabellas, or
oomented by the sealing-waxof diplomatic Con
presses, wheio foreign statesmen. Mf in* judgment
o parcel oat relnotant profisoes among rival em
pires, but the foundation of Whioh wae laid in
blood, and the object of whioh Was .to extend a
popular government, under which gathered and
growing millions might enjoy the inalienable
rights of “ life, liberty, and the pursuit of happi
ness.
As IhsTeculisr gwgrapMoal features of Qreeoo,
and her previous history, gave birth to tho renne
ments of her political institutions, so, guided by
Providence, the course of events, aa seen in tho
popular Institutions; and reformed religion brought
>y the colonists into the Mother Country, and also
Seen still farther back in the religious and pelitioal
parties whioh divided Europe, led to tho formation
of our present frame of Government.
It was for our fathers to furnish the first exam*
{,!©, either in anoient or modern history, of a pure
y elective and representative system.
How muoh does the combination of our National
and State powers resemble the solar system! The
sun is the Federal Constitution, with its centripe
tal power intended to retain the Btates in their or
bits, and the planets are the States, with their
centrifugal power keeping them off from the dan
ger ef consolidation in their common centre of at
traction and cohesion.
This glorious heritage of ours (continued the re
verend gentleman) is in great peril. Our noble
eagle Is aoreamlng with the wounds received from
those over wham it spreads its protecting and fos
tering wings—our bright starß arc losing their lus
tre and their law—our national airs are loßing their
sweetness and melody—our national ligatures are
groaning under their tension, and our oentral lu
minary Is surrounded with dark clouds, portentous
of a most terrific storm
Should the Union be dissolved, how- inconceiva
ble the calamity ! How would our army, navy,
and pnblio domain be disposed of, in a Congress of
passions! How would the several fragments be
involved in the heavy burden of great local esta
blishments of government! How would our ro
sources and energies, now exerted for public and
private benefit, be turned into new ohannels of
mutual injury and ruin! How would our MU-topa
be crowned with fortresses, and the blood of fratri
cides flow where their fathers stood shoulder to
shoulder, in the great struggle for independence.
How would the Book of tnc Republic give place
to the Book of Kings, the book of Peaoe to the
book of War, and hell’s gates be unbarred to the
legion of civil disoord, ambition, kavoo, blood
shed, rein!
What can be done?
1. Let our States, instead of defiance and de
rision, adopt the tone of conciliation, and, where
practicable, of oonoepsion, and each in roferonoe
to every other-
•• Be to her faults a little blind.
Be to her virtues verj kind.”
2. Let there be Tespeot for law, whilst it is lata,
each citizen remembering that ours is a system of
and that if every man would
undertake to say what laws he will obey and what
resist, tho idea of government would depart, and
anarchy and barbarism ensue.
3. Let oitizens of purity and patriotism show a
proper interest in eieotiens, ana not givo np alto
gether those most important oooasions to men of
mere personal ambition.
4. Let there be a spirit of nationality culti
vated by which we shall not be so sectional in our
sentiments and sympathies as to be much moro of
State than National patriots.
5. Let there be a wider diffusion and dooper
propagation of the religion of tho Bible, whioh
towers far above all other means in its elevating,
dignifying, refining, and conservative influence.
We need men of integrity as well as intelli
gence in onr halls of legislation, and on our thrones
of judgment. We need men who love tho country
for the country's sake , and who are willing to
immolate all the aims and interests of personal
ambition on her altar.
To such means we areoalled by all the memories
of the past, and privileges of the present, and
hopes of tho future. ' Our fathers rise np, as it
were, from their beds of glory and peace, and
abjure us not to destroy the birthright they pur
chased with their lives. May God, who hath not
dealt so with any nation, so guard us that no
fature historian will say, f ‘ Nojig ever dealt so
with themselves.” May the. ory whioh goes up
this day from a million hearts, “ Lord save us, we
Eerisb,” be answered with the words, “ Peace,
e still!”
Sermon by the Rev* C. W. Slueldb (O.
S. Presbyterian), at the Second Pres*
bytenan Church*
The discourse, of which the following is a brief
abstract, was founded upon Dent, xxxii, 6 : “Do
ye thus requite the Lord, 0 foolish people and un
wise ! Is net He tby father that bath bought thee 7
hath He’ not made ihco and established thee?”
and was designed to reocunt, as occasions of
thanksgiving, the hopeful Indications of the pre
servation and perpetuity of the Union.
For the first time in the history of the country,
we are called to give thanks in the midst of a
grave political oriels. There have been times
when the national festival was shaded with other,
but leaser, calamities; when our agriculture had
yielded but a scanty harvest; when onr com
merce had been'paralyzed; or when pestilence
or war hod ravaged onr bordors; but to-day our
whole political horizon is oovered with the me
nacing clouds of. a new and strange disaster.
With every element of national prosperity, reli
gion, science, industry, art, in successful progress,
and .while yet Nature, orowned with a bountiful
autumn, smiles as in oontrasfc with the human dis
oord and malignity, rash hands aro laid upon
the pillars of State, mid the whole fabric rocking
to Us very centre.
Shall we, therefore, turn' the national anthem
into a lamentation ? No: let it rather.bo judged
the part of patriotism, of philosophy, and ot Chris
tianity tp a til l hope for the beet while we feartfre.
people. Though tile oslionß
. disunion,” ■ ” .occasion,” "ooerolun,”
revolution,” are zinging harshly in our ears, jot
these United States are not yet actually dissolved
and reduoed to a. mass of hostile and jarring prin
cipalities. TheAmerloan heart, which knows no
North or South, East or Wcet, has always beat true
to the union; and its voice, when at length heard,
may drown the present Motional olamor, and once
more proclaim to the world that we are one and
inseparable.
2. There still remain those political bonds by
which we have been made a united people. Thfs
compaot system of Statos, framed by the wisdom
of our fathers, steadily working with suob beauti
ful precision, and already, tested by so many politi
■cal storms, may even withstand the presentpopu
lar tumult and civil discord. It remains to be
grievances oannot beconsti
r®(freSs®d» and existing disturbances
constitutionally quieted.
3. There etiu exist those geographical and cojii
mercial bonds, by which we have been made one
people, yur very physical domain seems to have
5?“ destined only for united, rather than divided
Ht»tM. Its mountain ranges are the sinews, and
it« rivers the veina, and arteries of a body nolUio,
whoso members mast either suffer or rejolco ono
with another. Though the present strife among
them should issue in a partial and temporary
schism, yet the very pain of the rupture itself,
and the political and oommeroia! evils whioh
would follow might only lead at length to a firmer,
jnstsr, end more lasting reunion.
A* There still remain those historical bonds
whioh have made ns one people. Our illustrious
enuals and. our glorious prospoets have fostored
among os a patriotism that, when the dread exi
gonoy shall oomo, will be loth that wo should
present a divided front to tho world with a shat
tered army and navy, and the proud title of Arne
rioan aitizen tnraoa into a by-word among tho
nations. “
&. There still remain thoso religious bonds by
,wmob we have been made ono people. Notwith
standing ecplesiasttoal dissensions,there exists aeon
eervative Christian publio sentiment in tho mass
of the people, which, after the passions of the
hour are subsided, may bo express Itself in our
statesmanship as to induoe sober and jutt coun
sels, and restore order and prosperity to the conn*
try.
We may, therefore, still be thankful, not merely
for ordinary Providential meroies, but for tho
prospect we have, even through the oloudß of the
present oriels, of future generations still repeat*
ng and prolonging their annual thanksgiving.
Dedicatory Sermou of the Fifth Bap-
tist Church*
Yesterday morning wo visited the very pretty
obapel of the Fifth Baptist Chnroh, at Eighteenth
and Spring Garden streots. Tho congregation of
thia churoh had formerly met in Sansem street,
and yesterday, for the first time, met in their new
churoh building,
ot yet been completed.
»: j»ij ?, a Iom srkably neat and prepossessing
building, built on the Getbio style. Tho arrange
ments for ventilation are particularly praise
worthy to the architect. Tho windows are stained
in chaste and neat designs, and the one immedi
ately. behind the altar Is decorated by a dove
represented as flying earthward The roof is an
guler and ornamented with heavy oak panelling.
The dedicatory services were opened by a prayer
"F to® Rev. Dr. Adams, of the Presbyterian
Charon. The prayer was very appropriate for
the occasion as a thanksgiving.
He entreated tho Almighty that be might conse
crate the walls and altar to his service; that the
footprints of the Eternal might be evinced in that
temple; -that His grace might abound:
that H« migfitppur out his spirit to every thirsting
B 0ul ; that the light of the Son might shino in
» tout ibe time might come when all
shall trust less to liberty and statesmanship, and
rely more on tho Lord, our God and our shield.
He prayed that there might arise a spirit of con
cession, and all serve a common Lord.
After the singing of the “ hymn of gratitude to
God,” lt an offering song of praise,” Rev. Mr.
Winston delivered an excellent sermon, on the
text, “ The joy of the whole earth is Mount Zion.”
. The introductory sentence of his sermon was very
fine: “ After months of anxious and patient effort
God has at length rowardod ns with this beautiful
temple, foil ana oomplete in its perfeot proportions.
It te meet that we make this a day of thankeglv
tog--the first oblation—the willing tribute of
thankful hearts; that we come together with songs
of holy gladnefs—with singing and melody in our
.. 1 ” eaoe he within tny walls and prosperity
within thy palaces.* Mr. Winston, the pastor,
alluded to the pleasant place of worship
is™r h A e 7 h * d “““Died. He described the
Jn most beautiful language, and
l°?v? B i!^A fc “wounding mountains, that it
might, by Its association with the religious servioe of
the Jew,' who annually lined its eloping sides, and
In Its connection wi* tho Ufa of the Bariour, bo
tendered moieviyid in outline, end alluring in its
diversified attractions. 0
After the lermona eolleoton was taken, irhioh
was liberally contributed to by the membera and
visitors. . 4 large ram of money has to be raised
by January to liquidate the debt of the ohuieh
then due. The oongregation was very large.
’ Dedicatory speeches from'the pastor, snd from
Kefi J>i -Rennard, Rev. J .Wheaton rmith, Rev.
Jr A ; McKean, Rev. P. B. Henson, were delivered
fit tfif evening service.
by Kev. Dr. Boardmnn
i : delivered an interesting sermon Upon
tike alleged aggressions of the North uponthe
South, from the 101st Psalm : “ I will sing of mer
cy and of judgment. ”
He alluded is pointed term* to the difficulties of
.the country, snd stated that the ootistant invasion
of Northern fanatics upon the South deserved all
reprobation. The speaker stated that he had op.
>osed slavery in the abstract, but that he would not
ICt his tonguo to utter a word against the people
of the South, who had Inherited slavery. He .con
demned thoso ohutohos whioh shut out slaveholders
from the Lord’s table* and stated those ch&ptors of
Exodus by which the slaveholder had Bible ground
for the validity of his institution. Dr. Boardman’s
sermon was exceedingly conservative throughout.
B. P. Shillaber at Concert Hall.
The seoond lecture of the season before the Har
rison Literary Institute' was delivered, at Concert
Hall, last evening, by B. P. Shillaber, Esq., of Bos
ton, better known to tho reading public as “Mrs.
Partington ” This was the leoturer’s first appear
ance before a Philadelphia audience, and hia re
ception, both as respeotß the extent and oharaoter
of his hearors, was no less fiattorlng to Mr. Bhilla
bet’s popularity ns a humorous writor than it was
substantially complimentary to tho “Harrison.”
Tho duty of introducing the lecturer dovolvod
upon tho president of the institute, Mr. John It.
Young, who stated that, Although the society had
ho name to antiounoo in connection with the future
of tbelr present course of lootures, they were now in
negotiation with several gontlemen eminont in tho
literary and political world, and hoped soon to merit
a continuance of the favorable recognition whioh
they had already roooivod at the hands of the
publlo.
The theme of the lecture was
“THE imiUHT SIJ)K OP LIFE ”
Mr. Shillaber commenced with the intentional
or unintentional blunder of addressing his audl
©noe, “Gentlemen and ladies.” He said ho had been
somewhat startled, in entering our city, by seeing a
large plaoard carried around tho streets, an
nouncing the appearance at Concert Hall to-night
of “ Mrs. Partington” and Prince “Ike.” Ho
soon undeceived bis hearers, however, by inform
ing them that tho veritable old lady with specta
cles, knitting, and so forth, was not to figure pro
minently in the programme of the evening. He
said that instead of trying to m&ko his audience
laugh until their buttons gave .out, ho would en
deavor to make them feel good, and happy, and
jolly, as people ought to feel on Thanksgiving eve
ning. His audience, he supposed, would remem
ber of the “old dasio” that she “never opened
her mouth without putting her foot in it,” and
oaloulato accordingly in tho reooption of.what was
to follow. The word “entertainment” had been
inserted in one of his loiters of invitation. This
had reminded him of what was reoorded of Sam
son, who, on one occasion, had beon introduced to
make sport for an audienco, and succeeded in
“bringing down the house,” though it proved to
be his last nppearanoo on that, or any other stage,
to gratify an audienoo.
Having concluded his very humorous and amu
sing introduction in prose, every period of whioh
evoked an irrepressible burst oflaughtor,he strode
off, unbidden and unsuspected, into tho roalm of
rbymo, and gave us tho lecturo propor, in mea
sured verse. The life of man , from boyhood,
through the mutations of after llfo——professional
and non-prdfessional—was humorouly sketohod.
His reference to tho political troubles of the day,
and the piospeot of a Southern star wandering
from tho national galaxy, was patriotic and hope
ful, and elicited marked applanßO; and his satire
on match-making, and thoso “ who, half men, re
main unwed,” was among tho host features of the
composition. After those linos,
“ Matches are made in heaven, I’vo heard some state,
Though some I fear come through some other gate,”
he made a double allusion to tho connubial union,
and tho Union of States, osprcs6ing tho hopo that
both might bo founded in love.
“ Hinting at Eden, as man’s prituat eourcc,
Brought woman and the apple up, of course, ”
whioh were disposed of, in connection with this
dubious compliment to our Edonio primogenitor :
“ Adam novor inconstant to his Kve was found,
l’erhaps because there was none other round ' ”
Tho dosing division of the lootnro, whatever
may he true of it as a poom, was full oi sound
philosophy and common sense, and would have
been so received, doubtless, without tho merit of
being rendered in numbora. Eootio leoturos, for
some oause, seldom “ tako” well, and we, for ono,
believe that, had Mr. Shillaber treated bis subjeot
last evoning in prose, it would have been & better
suooess. And cv<n as It was, to imitate the vein
of our author, “ it wasn’t to bo sneezed at.”
Mr. S. is a large-sized, manly-looking person,
about forty-two or three years of age, with a bene
volent countenance, a Yankocish expression about
tho ©ye; a large, well-defined, whnt physiogno
mists would call mental mouth, and has a head
indicative of a very decided character. Among
the hundreds who visited Concert Hall last oven
iDg, thoro wore many attracted by curiosity to see
and hear the man who has probably written moro
laugh-provoking paragraphs than any other Ameri
can journalist. A prose lccturo would unquestiona
bly haTO more fully mot tlielr expectations, and
wo will, therefore, take the liberty of kindly sug
gesting that when the “ old lady” again visits tl*h
City of Brotherly Love on a similar errand, it may
be in a perfectly nude state— t. e.,in her own naked
identity, without disguising horcolf In sober mat
fcerof-faot English, written in rhymes.
EMiQBATiOff to HA.rn —People of Oolok
PEOir Philadelphia about to Colonize in that
Island.—We gavo in the columns of The Press,
some time ago, a etatomont of tho condition of tho
mo dominant induced uc to express tho hope
that some way might bo epoued for tho coloniza
tion of free Afrioans in a territory not so far re
mote from tho land of their early associations as to
opposition with them.
Liberian colonization has not been a success
mainly owing to the hostility of the blacks them
selves. The plan of colonization in the Territo
ries of the West, aB lately ventilated by Mr. Blair,
was regarded with like disfavor. A system of
colonization has at lost been broaohed which has
received a marked degree of interest, both from
Africans and philanthropic Americans. We allude
to the recent proclamation by the Haytion Go
vernment, sotting apart gratuitous tracts of land
for “ blaoks, men of color, and Indians, in the
United States and British North Amerioan pro
vinces.”
The agent of the Haytion Government, Rev. J. T.
Holley, a colored missionary of Now Haven, is
now in thlfloity. Wo have boon gratified with a
full statement on his part of tho inducements
held out by tho new Ilaytien Administration, and
his promise of sucooss in this and other Northern
cities.
In 1824, it will bo remembered, asimilar invita
tion was extended to the peoploof oolor in this
country, and responded to by some thousands of
them. Tho great proportion of theso have amassed
h&ndsom© competcnoos in that.ieland. A member
of the Haytion Cabinet was a colored mechanic in
this oity forty years ago.
Wo allude to F. E. Dubois, tho Secretary of
Justice. Others are merchants and professional
men, and a groat number well-to-do mechanics.
If auoh, under tho despotic administration of
Soulouque, realized the promise they embraced, how
much greater tho hope of success under the prosent
liberal rule.
Tho Haytion proclamation, in brief, ombraces tho
filowlng liberal provisions:
1. A free passage to the Island.
2 To eaoh family of emigrants seventeen acres
f fresh and fertilo land.
3. To cooh unmarried man soven norci.
•1. Immediate remunerative labor for those whose
moans will not permit independent toil.
5. Board and lodging free of cost during eight
days after arrival.
fi. Tho fullest religious liberty.
7. Scourity against military servloo, and full
protection and oivil rights.
The land thus donated to emigrants is capabloof
growing ail the fruits and staples of the tropics
They are required to settle cn it, and in order that
immigrants shall experience tho happiest offeots
they ore encouraged to sottlo in communities.
Sites for the ereotion of sohools and ohapela will
be donated by the State, without regard to tho ro
liglous Delief of the settlors. Upon taking oath of
an intention to reside permanently on tho island
and renouncing citizenship in every other Go
vernment, the fullest immunities ore gaarantied
If such liberality were exhibited on the part of a
fooblo Government and a barren land, something
of selfishness might have entered into it. On the
contrary, Hayti was never moro prosperous than
at the present day.
With a developing commerce,'& population aug
menting in numbers and intelligence, publio tran
quillity, reformed finances, a reduood but disci
plined army, and a moderate navy, institutions of
learning and religion, a prolifio soil, and a capable
Administration, we know of no land more promis
ing to well-directed labor. r
The Government is engaged at present with a
census of the Ropublio; this work, whioh is of the
highest importance, will give a correot idea of tho
extent of reforms whioh will bo undertaken with
respect to agriculture, tho army, religious and
primary instruction.
Explorations havo ascertained tho exiatonoo of
several now mines, especially coal mines; the
working of these veins will open a new source of
revenue to the State.
The late messaged President Geffrard indicates
a courso of reform measures, conduoivo to the good
of the State, and the general aspeot of Haytion
affairs is euoh that peopJo of color in tho United
States would do well to give thorn serious atten
tion. In that beautiful island of tho tropics, se
cured to the black man by tho struggles of Tous
saint L’Ouvorture, and kindrod Africans, the emi
grant of color has no prejudice to overcomo, and
only friends to welcome him. The success of
Rev. Mr. Holly, in this city, has oxoeeded
sanguine expectation. Twonty persona have
already recorded tkoir Domes, ana moro than
one hundred havo signified their intention
Of embarking in the first vessel, which sails
from Boston Dooerabor 22d. It will probably
touoh at this oity and at Now York. Some of those
who contemplate emigrating are well known in
this oity as people of enterprise and industry.
The Haytion emissaries in this country labor in
separate districts. Under tho direction of tho
Protestant Episcopal-Church, nine missionaries
have been appointed, who will sail in December
Prominent wmto bishops of the Churoh havo given
the matter their patronage, and, without dohbt,
we may anticipate a vory lurge emigration in the
ensuing spring aDd summer.
Tho following testimonial from one of the parties
interested sums up the advantages of the country:
“ flayti is the best country in tho world for the
residence of tho oolorod population of the United
States, who have concluded to emigrate. The
climate is salubrious and congenial to those of
African descent.' Tho government is republican,
and the laws, whioh are equal, arc faithfully and
judiciously administered, and, by recent enact
ments, Immigrants soon becomo entitled to all'the
rights and privileges of native oitizens. The
Government reoelvea them kindly on their arrival,
and provides for them, for a time, if they are in
need. Tho soil is exceedingly productive, and
easily oultivated. Tho communication between
Hayti and New York averages twice a week, and
info.mation of friends left behind oan bo commu
nicated in about a fortnight, giving a decided
preference to the long and tedious voyage to
Africa.
Rov. Mr. Holly explained tho auhjeofc last eve
ning before the Philadelphia Literary Institute,
(oolored)
THE PRISSS.—PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1860.
&1 1 Jress.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1860,
FORNEY’S CALIFORNIA PRESS
Will bo ready XO-DAY, at D F« M.
Price Six Gents per copy in strong wrappeis, and
stamped, ready for mailing.
This paper is published expressly for 1
CALIFORNIA CIRCULATION,
And contains a complete summary of what lias trans
pired in our City, State, and tho Atlantic States, sinoo
the departure of the last steamer for California,
First Page.— Rohlnd the Ago; Thanksgiving
Sermons, delivered in the different Churches yes*
torday. Fourth Paob.— Speeoh of Caleb
Cushing, delivered in Newburyport on Monday
night; General News; The Pope Bankrupt; Ma*
rino Intelligence.
Thanksgiving day was commemorated yesterday
in many of the States of the Union. In this eity
there waa a general eusponßion of business, and a
universal respect paid by all classes of citizens to
the Governor’s proclamation. In Washington and
Baltimore the same respect was paid to the anni*
vorsary.
We have intelligence of ft fearful accident at
Mauoh Chunk, yesterday. The Beavor Moadow
Passenger railway ear was thrown from the traok
at Bear Crook dam, by the breaking of a rail.
A car containing twenty-eight passengers was
thrown into tho LeWgh, a distance of fiftoon foot
Four of the passengers] and the conductor wore
drowned, A number of passengers mado a narrow
esoapo from death. Tho escape of so many from
what appoared to bo imminent doath is regarded
as almost miraonloue.
iThe New York United States marshals have
completed the census of that city and sent it on to
Washington. The population falls considerably
short of tho estimates heretofore made at the mar
shal’s office, being 814,277. Tho population of the
several wards has already been published, with
tho exception of the Twenty-first, which Is 49,063.
Tho population of the city in 1855, according to
tho State census, was 029,810; increaso in five
years, 184,407, or noarly 30 per oont. The inoreaso
over the census returns of 1850, which gave 515,-
547, is 298,730, or noarly 58 per cent. Tho censuß
of 1840 returned 312,710, and theinorcaEoin.the
ten years following was 202,837, or at the rate of
nearly 65 per cent. Tho rate of inoreorc, there
fore, for the last docade, falls short about 7 per
cent, from that of the ten years preceding. New
York is, howover, advancing more than twice as
rapidly as London, whioh has a fester growth than
any other European city.
The prosont famine in Kansas is exciting the
sympathy of the people of the West. Gov. Ran
dall, of Wisconsin, has issued a proclamation call
ing upon the oitizens of the Btato to contribute mo
ney, provisions, and clothiog for the reliof of the
starving population of Kansas.
Jefferson Davis, who is in Washington, it iesaid,
has demanded on the part of the South additional
guarantees as a basis of settlement between the
North and South, and as a condition precedent to
tho preservation of tho Union.
We see it stated—and give the statement for
what it is worth—that an editorial loader in tho
Kentucky Statesman t "Mr. Breckinridge’s organ,
appealing to tho conservative element of the South,
is kDown.to havo been written by the Vice Presi
dent himself.
The Constitution states that intelligence bos
been received in Washington, subsequent to the
date of the paper which announced the death of
Judge larrabeo, member of Congress from Wis.
oonein, from Mr. L. himself. The report of his
doath was, therefore, incorrect.
The Unittd States Bteam sloop-of-war Brooklyn
arrived at Norfolk on Wednesday, having on board
the commission sent by the Government of Chlri*
qui to ascertain tho posslbi lity of establishing ano
ther transit aoross the Isthmus of Panama. Pri
vate despatches received in New York, corrobora
ted by advices from Washington, announce tho en
tire sncceca of the expedition. The harbors on
both Bides wore found all that could be desired,
and coal of a suporlor quality, and in apparently
inexhaustible quantities, was found at the Ohiriqui
Lagoon. A practicable pass through the Cordille
ras was.discovered by Lieut. Morton, who succeed
ed in locating a railroad in the most advantageous
manner.
Files of Vonesuola papers to October 25 are to
hand, being five days later than previous Intel
ligence. Thero is very little news. Ail is quiet at
Puorto Cabello, tho disturbances reported-there
having boon much exaggerated. Oumana waa oc
cupied on the 13th by tho Government forces, after
n very spirited attack tho preceding day on the
federalist cntronohmCnU, in which Commander
Moreno, who led the attacking column, was killed.
Tho federalists arc said to have been completely
routed, and to havo suffered very heavy losses.
The injudicious oonduot of tho Government, how
ever, and tho unnecessary cruelty with which pri
soners are treated, are said to be croatim?-*-c*»d
doal of sympathy fo'* d**
'* 8t0I “ of Saturday and Sunday l»,e
01 too most Sfivero tb«* -iiava boon experienced for
many years. Tho roports In the Western papers
indudo disasters to over ilfly vessels, some boing
totally lost, othors driven ashore, and others yet
onby partially damagod. The loss of. life already
known is also serious Two propellers, with nu
mbrous orews, wero wreoked and all on board lost.
The weather was intensely cold with a blinding
snow-storm, and many of tho saved from the
wrecked vessels were badly frozen. A largo fleet
of vcssols were still to bo heard from.
According to the latest returns received, the
whole number of votes cast is 4,600,000; of whioh
Abfrahnm Lincoln rcoeived 1,800,000, Stophen A.
Douglas 1,300,000, John C. Breckinridge 800,000,
and John Cel! 600,000.
|t hnving been stated in various prints that the
Unitod States marshal for South Carolina had
withhold the consns roturns of that State, It is offi
cially stated that said roturns have beop duly for
warded and received in good order at tho Censuß
Office.
The Union Feeling in Pennsylvania.
AH our advices from tho interior prove that
tho ieoling in favor of tlnf Union is irresistible.
At a public meeting in Lancaster, a fow even
ings ago, Jndgo Champneys, the accom
plished Attorney Genoral under tho Adminis
tration of Governor Siiunk, mado a short
speech, in which, says the Lancaster Express,
ho adverted to tho present condition and agi
tation in tho extreme South, and condemned,
in energetic tones, tho fallacies and preten
sions oi tho Secessionists. Ho also con
demned tho quiescent attitude assumed by
some, as if tho traitors who were assailing and
trampling upon tho Constitution were engaged
in a legitimate pursuit, and must bo screened
from violence. He was amazed to find that
the Govornmont organ at Washington openly
dofended secession, and was now publishing a
hostile review of tho able and conclusive ar
gument of Amos Kendall in support of the
Constitution and tho Union. Such a state of
things never could havo oxisted under tho Ad
ministration of tho patriotic President Jack
son. But the Union sentiment will predomi
nate. This glorious fabric, cemented by tho
blood of the Revolution, is not to be thus de
secrated. And tho increasing number of
States is but an increase of tho strong friends
ol the Unton and tho preponderating power.
Lot all the States act towards oach othor with
strict justice, observing with fidelity overy
constitutional requisition, and wo need not
fear that all will be well and do well.
Wires South Cabolisa secedes she ex
pects to establish commercial relations with
Europe, and to set up a sort of competition
with tho other ports of tho Union. What,
will Bho do with tho goods thus imported into
Charleston—particularly if she should find
them taxed at a somewhat higher rato
than sho anticipates by the custom houses
on tho border slave States? What will tho
seceding States of tho Union do (alter their
act of separation has boon consummated) with
their Justices of the Supremo Court oi tho
Unitod States against them, and in favor of
the original Union—including tho articlos oi
confederation, tho Unitod States Constitution,
and all tho subsequent compromises ? It will
be rather a bad case for Mr. Cobb to fight
Justice Wayne in Georgia, and for Mr. Tan
cey to fight Justice Campbell in Alabama.
When tho Justicos of tho Supreme Court ro.
ject disunion as moral treason, tho flro.eaters
who havo heretoioro been for submitting to
that tribunal, will bo in a quandary.
Our California edition, which goes out by
to-morrow’s steamer will contain many strong
appeals in iavor of tho preservation of tho
Union, and our thousands oi readers on tho
Pacific coast, in Oregon, California, and tho.
Torritory oi Washington, will perceive that
the people in that distant region are expected
to follow tho lead of tho enemies of tho Con
federacy in the so-called Cotton States. Wo
have nevor been able to realize tho advan
tages of an independent government construct
ed out of our Pacific possessions, and we
think, since Mr. Brkckinhidoe has failed in
that quartor, this idea of tho “chivalry” will
prove to bo no loss a failure. A Pacific- rail
road running from St. Louis to tho border of
California, and so to San Francisco, her capi
tal, and probably not a foot of it over a se
ceding State, will prove to be not only an iron,
but a perpetual bond between our distant
brothers and ourselves.
The News.
'Gratitude oi a United Ueofeic*
i'lie great tody of tho people of ttvonty-two
Sovereign States, and two Territories of the
American tTnion, assembled yesterday, and in
various forms of worship, offered up prayerful
thanks to the living God for the blessings of a
free Government, and invoked His continued
Providence upon themselves and their posteri
ty. No such spectacle as this has over been
witnessed in any other part of the world.
Other nations, with State religions and formal
creeds, express their gratitude for victories
won, and peaco consummated, or humble
themselves in the presence of some mysteri
ous disease. But no where else iB the human
race permitted to testify their*senso of Divine
favor in recognising tho priceless advantages
of a system of laws which, while promoting
personal liberty, fosters and protects all great
interests alike.
Yesterday, at least, there tvas an equality
in the utterance of a nation’s gratitude. Every
denomination—« Jew and gentile j” every
party—Republican and Domocrat, came for
ward, either publicly or privately; either by
personal attendance or in the silent chnmbers
of tho heart itsolf j andspokooutitsrovercnco
for the preservation of tho American Union and
its profound respect for that Omniscient ruler,
who has thus far presided over our destinies,
and saved our country. Our own churches
were vocal with praise, and sacred with
prayer. Among tho States that joined hands
in this solemn tribute, we notice Louisiana,
Missouri) Kentucky, Tennessee, North Caro
lina, and Maryland. Those aro Union States.
Their interests, their hopes, their attachments,
their recollections, their traditions, and their
obligations, are all with the Union. In some,
it is true, misguided men revel in tho anticipa
tion of what they suppose will he a better
condition of things, but in all of them thero is
a prevailing, and wo hope a conquering senti
ment, that as the God of Battles has been with
us in war, so will tho God of Peace bo with us
in our present troubles.
Fow words fell from the pulpit yesterday,
let us hope, intended to encourage tho assas
sins of their country. Even those clergy
men who may have given utterance to poli
tical ideas, and who may have looked to the
one side or the other in attempting to ac
count for tho cause of existing difficulties,
crowned their sermons with tributes to the
Union.
Can it be possiblo that work thus wor
shipped, a Government thus prayed for, a
Republic so reverenced, shall bo sunderod
in twain —leaving such division to be rent
into new fragments, and each fragment ground
into inconceivable confusion and chaos? • And
for what ? To aid whom ? To assist those
who believe themselves aggrieved? Alas,
no! Tho hands that would destroy the Union
would bo compelled, if successful in their
dark designs, to protect tho very States they
carry out from evils ton times more horrible than
tho imaginary ones of which they now’ com
plain. No; should this conspiracy be accom
plished, there will be universal woe. Our
country, in that event, wilf be something
like tho end of the world, as described by
Byron, in his poem of “ Darkness.” Tho
sun will be blotted from our political
heavens; despair will settle Upon our cities,
and while tho despots aro laughing at our
miseries, wo shall be weeping, for the return
of tho bleßßings wo lost in an hour when pru
dence and patriotism had departed from our
counsels.
Two facts appear upon the surface of pub
lic opinion as wo write: One, the gradual sub
mission of most of the politicians to the idea
that, while a State should not socede from the
Union, thero is no power to forco her return*
and if such power existed it would bo most
inexpedient to oxercise it; and tho other,
that tho States that aro rapidly resolving to
place themselves in an attitude outside of the
Confederacy should, therefore, be permitted
to take that step, tho consequences to
bo upon themselves* It is not our
purpose to "discuss tho logical results of these
manifestations. Wo do not believe in tho
right of secession ourselyes. Wo think that
tkp Constitution of tho United States should
bo enforced by tho Executive, and that it*
General Jackson were now President, ho
would find authority in tho Constitution, if
Congresn refused to confer it, to compel a
Stato to remain in the Republic. Wo aro
: jfefld. the opinion that a government that
organized plot against tho Union
jnilfp-d ta prevail, an argument will bo esta
blished against the endurance of any govern
luont that reposes upon public opinion alone.
Wo must look these facts in tho faco
and otato them to our readors. ,The genera]
aversion to own war i», *.« uuuui, at tm, uasu
oi tlie popular sontiment at this timo. The
repugnanco of patriotic inen of the North to
embark in any offensive war upon their breth
ren in tho South, and tho undeniable, and
daily demonstrated fact that tho entire South,
however differing upon secession, would re
sist any attempt to uso forco upon the So*
coders, confer incalculable advantages upon
the Disunionists. Ail these considerations,
howover, imposo upon tho public mon of
overy party an immonso responsibility. Espe
cially do they increase tho importance of tho
action of tho representatives of tho pooplo
who are to assomblo in Washington on Mon
day next. Thoy constitute also a moral protest
against all' imprudent and impulsive action,
and against tho rovival of all past quarrels.
If separation is to take placo on account of
tho mad and measureless infatuation ot tho
extreme Southern mon, wo must moot it like
statesmen, not like partisans. If thoy aro to
go unpunished, littlo will bo done by trying to
persuade them to remain. If thoy conscien
tiously believe it is their intorest to cut loose
frdm those who cling to them with all tho af
fection of brethron, wo prosumo tho experi
ment mnst bo yielded to them. That they
aro in earnest all tho indications convincingly
establish, and candor compels ns to say that if
every tow years our happy Union is to bo tom
into discordant factions, honest mechanics
and laborers deprived ot thoir daily broad
flourishing merchants and manufacturers ru
ined, great cities threatened with popular up
risings, and discontent and dismay carried into
tho remotest corner of the land, simply upon
tho abstract question of slavery, its right and
its wrong, thore is a living necessity for tho
settlement of tho present issues between the
North and tho South.
Wo scorn to look back upon the recent past
to cavil over the poor and fruitless idea as to
who has brought this stato of things upon tho
country. Every party has its sins to answer
far- The Republicans, being the Tletors,
pan concede the most, and the Democrats,
haying been vanquished, should look tbo fu
ture foarlessly in tho face, confess their errors
and lock shiolds for tho approaching struggle.
But « from tho nettlo, Danger, let us pluck
the flower, Safety.” Let us adjust these dif
ferences, not upon a temporary truce—to be
kept with Puuic faith—not by sacrificing the
spirit of liberty to the spirit of despotism; not
by yielding to the demands of those who, in
tho minority as they have been, havo haughti
ly refused to listen to tho appeals of their
hrethen in blood and in interest; but by laying
tho foundations so deop and so firm that here
after there can be no such confusion of creeds,
and no such a Babel ol councils as divide and
demoralize us now.
As a preparation to this Btep, tho friends of
tho American Union, outside of tho seceding
States, who havo finally drawn the sword and
thrown away tho scabbard, should at once or
ganize themselves, not into a party—for.thiß is
no time Ibx parties—but into a brotherhood.
Upon tho understanding which this invincible
organization Bhould agreo, an umpire can bo
erected instinct with the vital and undying
spirit of a national, well-ordered, and conserv
ative system. It will be so groat, that those
who, in tho Old World, aro looking upon our
differences with exultation, will stand hushed
and awed by the spectacle. It will bo so
prosperous as to bo able to exist upon its
own internal resources, and command the
commerce of other nations by its illimitable
capacities. It will finally overwhelm those
who aro insane enough to attempt to break
up the foundations of this Confederacy, and
they will return, like prodigal sons, and knock,
with tears and lamentations, for admission
into that Union which, from thenceforward,
will ho perpetual.
The President elect has his own troubles,
and our Goyornor elect, Col. Curtin, has his
too. Wo understand that Bollofonto, thoresi
donco of tho latter, is crowded with insatiate
patriots. The Governor that is to be has pre
served a silence which has the appoaranco of
concert with Mr. Lincoln.
Death of Hugh Maxwell.
Hhtfii Maxwell, twenty years ago woll
known in Pennsylvania as oho ot tho most
energetic and accomplished journalists, and
since that timo retired from the active duties
of life, died recently, at an advanced ago, at
tho residence of his son, Dr. Maxwell, near
Chambersbnrg, Franklin county, in this State.
Mr. Maxwell was connected tor many years
with newspapers in Lancaster county. Ha
was the owner and editor of the Lancaster
Journal, we bclievo, after it passed from tho
hands of John Reynolds, so long tho intimato
and confidential associate and friend of the
present President of tho United States, and
during Ms life universally esteemed for his
many nobio qualities.
After Mr. Maxwell assumed tho control of
tlio Journal, ho made it exceedingly interest
ing, on acoonnt of tho ability and research
which lie exhibited in discussing political
issues, and his devotion to the interests of
Pennsylvania. Ho waß among tho first to
predict that a railroad would connect Phila
delphia with Columbia, on the Susquehanna
river, and wo have often heard him relate
with how much derision his prophecy was re
ceived.
Tho writer of this article acquired a know-
ledge of tho printing business in tho office of
tho Lancaster Journal, under tho tuition of
Mr. Maxwell, and wo still recall with pleasant
emotions tho, satisfaction with which wo put
his manuscript in typo, and tho many uncon
scious lessons of life and of politics wo im
bibed in tho process. He wrote with equal
facility and vigor, was an industrious and cri
tical reader, a profound thinker, and a held
leader.
Like most men identified with journalism,
his Sacrifices for his party were great. Those
ho assisted to eminent positions soon forgot
him; and even while thrilling tho country
with his eloquent editorials, ho was frequent
ly greatly reduced in his means. Justico to
Mr. Buchanan deserves that it should bo re
corded that ho acted towards Mr. Maxwell
with signal generosity. One of the sons of
the deceased journalist is living in Philadel
phia, surrounded by an interesting family, and
one or two of his daughters by his second
marriage.
If the experiences ot such a man bad been
preserved, and could be laid before tho public,
thoy would constitute a curious volume; but,
liko most of his class, Mr. Maxwell general
ly worked under whip and spur, and doubtless
neglected tho duty which most of us preach
about, but too frequently disregard.
A Significant Compliment.
On the 9th of November, according to im
memorial custom, tho now Lord Mayor of
•London enters office, and inaugurates tho
event by a grand banquet in tho Guildhall,
which generally costs $20,000, of which liis
Lordship pays hall, tho two Sheriffs contribu
ting the other moiety. To tho groat joy of
« London town,” tho Prince of Wales was
born on Lord Mayor’s day. The London
Times, describing the decorations of the
Guildhall, says, “At tho eastern end was a
painting representing the combined force oi
Great Britain. In the centre was a medallion
portrait of the Queen, supported by the press,
with allegorical figures of England, Scotland,
and Ireland, surrounded by the navy, the
army, and the rifle corps. Over these shone
the feathers of tho Prince of Wales, of spun
glass, nine feet in height, iciih the American
flag.” No doubt, tho stars and stripes were
thus introduced in complimentary acknow
ledgment of the very handsome reception of
tho Prince of Wales by his American cousins.
Mr. Dallas, though invited, was not pre
sent at the Lord Mayor’s Dinner. The only
foreign Ambassadors who attended were
Count de Persiony and Hassan Ali Kuan,
respectively representing France and Persia.
No allusion to tho United States was made by
any of tho speakers in Mr. Dallas’ absence.
The French Ambassador very strongly ex
pressed Natoleon’s desire and policy to con
tinue on tho boat terms with England and
at peaco with Europe.
The attack of the Charleston Mercury upon
President Buchanan, on account of a tele
graphic despatch which intimates that he will
tako ground against the doctrine of secession,
iB clearly unjustifiable. Not to speak of the
fact that tho Mercury ought to bo indebted to
Mr. Buchanan for helping the Secessionists in
thoir great game, it is not truo, as the Mer
cury asserts, that he voted for tho forco hill of
Toao . oasis way to, or in, St. Peters
burg, as American minister, at that time. But
Jackson i’n "aif'fi'ls contest a’galm,‘t V jfr? I L t '2fii
houn. We have frequently heard Mr. Bu
chanan dilate upon Old Hickory’s familiar
expression that “By tho Eternal, ho would
hang any enemy of the Union as high as
Hahan !”
Governor Maooffin, of Kentucky, seems
to have troubled our friend Prentice, of the
Louisvillo Journal , by his lato letter j but the
Journal must recollect that Maooffin is the
representative of Breokinriboe, and that both
started out upon the experiment of trying to
bo more devoted to tho South than tho flre
eators themselves; and that, like many good
men, they have left their irons in tho flames
too long.
Talk about revolutions; the following from
the ablo columns of tho Baltimore Clipper, and
doubtless from the prolific pen of our friend,
Col. Whitepey, contemplates a stupendous in
novation :
“ It scorns to us that, if oTory Southern citizen
will roeolvo never to expend another dollar iu a
non-slaveholding State, and the people of tbe
South, as an aggregate, will take the pains to bring
from the Northern Btatcs tho manufacturers and
meohamos who voted against Linooln, and set
them up in their respootivo pursuits in the va
rions Southern States, it will have a wonderful ef
foot in allaying the fanatical Bpirit of the aggres
sive States Follow this up by appropriations of
the respective Legislatures, for the purchase or
bmldipg of steamers to carry passengers and mer
ehandise between the Southern States and Eorope
and repeat tho appropriates for a few years!
with tho view of assisting in their maintenance
and support, and we will be ablo to infl ot upon
that seotion from which oome tho offences against
effect £ umf, k raont which will have a most salutary
H the manufacturers and mechanics who
votod against Mr. Lincoln were imported into
tho South, and passongors [immigration?]
from Europo were carried tlicro, how long
would it bo before—with South Carolina as
tho leader of the Southern Confederacy— nearly
all the States now designated as slave would
be freo ? Tho Clipper should not bo misled
by the supposition that all men who voted
against Lincoln in the lree States in tho late
election would, therefore, be ready to assist,
if they removed to tho South, in cutting the
throats of those they left behind them.
Ireland.
The Dublin Freeman’s Journal, a libera
paper, announces that “the rental oi Ireland
has, within the last twenty years, risen from
£10,000,000 to £16,000 000, and the revenue
has risen nearly three millions beyond what it
was a century ago. Within thirty years the
tonnage of Ireland has doubled; and within
thirty-three years the foreign imports havo
risen from £1,600,000 to £6,600,000.” This
increase of rental and trade is very remarkable,
considering how greatly Ireland has been de
populated since 1847. Wo scarcely know
how to believe it, but the Freeman’s Journal
is a liberal paper, vory reliable in its statis
tics.
In a French journal, tho Monde of Paris, au
anti-English author named M. B. Xavier de
Fontanes, thus crowds together his accusa
tions against Great Britain, not excepting
her treatment of Ireland:
“In Ireland, great philanthropists! what have
you dODe in Ireland to chastiso her for having re
mained faithful to her God and her faith? Is it
true— 1 Yea’ or 1 No’—that she is dyiDg of inanition
under tho iron hand of your landlords—that, ea
oept a potato, tho only food of the oountry, tho
rest of nor products are sold in the English mar
kets to pay the rent? Is it true that fishing on the
coast by the natives of the sister isle is prohibited
—that under tho boasted regime of the model
country the population has diminished by 2,600,000
in less than 16 years ? Is it truo that the club of
Kegloidcs has bold in London a oourse of publio
lectures on the assassination of foreign Sovereigns,
before the eyes and in the hearing of the English
Government, and that 12 jurymen deolarcd upon
thoir honor, before God and men, that the as
sassin Bernard was not guilty ? Have you not
tried to brew a little war against France on ao
oount of Savoy, and if Russia and Prussia had
listened to the advioe of Lord J. Russell, would
not torrents of blood have flowed onoemore at
your Instigation ? Was not the laat speech of your
Premier, on oloaing Parliament, from heeinnine
to end, an insult to our oountry ? Did not Lord
Palmerston say that Great Britain would not ro
cognize the annexation of Savoy, and that we had
no more right to giro than the othor to aooept'
Maryland, although she cost her voto for
Bbeokinrjdoe at the late election, will un
questionably resist the Disunionists. AU the
Baltimore journals, except the Sun, are op.
posed to tho doctrine of Secession.
military Force of Bugsia.
Tho Almanach de .Gotha tor 1860, tvhich is
considored ofUcial la all Its statements and
statistics, declares the population of the Bus.
sian Empire to hive been 71,600,000, by the
census ot 1856. This is exclusive of all the
Caucasian people, estimated at 1,400,000, and
ot the independent tribes in Russian North
America, say about 40,000 to 60,000 more.
The Russian army (the regular troops) are set
down—infantry, cavalry, and artillery—at a
total of 577,850, all men capable of duty.
Besides this, Russia has a large , force of irre
gular or Cossack troops, amounting to some
300,000 more. Here are nearly 900,000 sol
diers—a-grand total, to he increased in time
ot war by one half. That is, 1,346,000 fight
ing men. A magnificent army.
As we went through these details one
thought ruled in our mind, —“What can
France do, should Russia join with Germany
and rush into war?” No wonder, thought
we, that Napoleon was alarmed at tho War
saw Conference, whero the respective rulers
of Russia, Austria, and Prussia discussed, it
was apprehended, how to crush the pride of
France. No doubt, Franco thinks that Russia
i's a great military power, and greatly to be
dreadod.
It turns out, however, that tho Russian
army is magnificent and numerous —upon
paper only. In the Krakow Timet of Sep
tember 25, is a statement which particularly
shows tho real weakness of the Russian army.
Although .Krakow or (Gracow) is a Folißh
city, it now belongs to . Austria, which gives
its journalists no discouragement when they
writo about Russia in a hostilo manner. A
friend has translated the article in question,
and wo have availed ourselves of his ability
and kindness. What follows is a resume of
its contents.
The Russian army is composed ot six corps
of infantry, with threo divisions, each of two
brigades of infantry to*cach corps. There
also are ono division cavalry, a division of
artillery, tho corps of Grenadiers, two corps
of tho Guard, (infantry and cavalry,) and Ca
valry reserve.
Besides these, there are threo largo bodies
with particular destinations, viz: Tho army
of the Caucasus, that of Orenburg, which
is con stantly warring with tho indomitablo
nomadic Kirguis’ hordes, and tho army ot
Siberia.
Latterly, great changes have beon made in
the military organization of Russia. For ex-
ample, tho Corps of Dragoons (the Emperor
Nicuolas’ pet forco) was disbanded by the
present Czar, and some ot those soldiers are
now distributed among'thc six cerps of tho
central army, and somo wore detailed to tho
army of the Caucasus. Moreover, tho mili
tary colonies have been abolished, and vari
ous changes mado in the scrvico, even down
to the drilling of the men. As yet, these
changes, totally reorganizing tho Russian
army, are not completed, which makes the
national force inefficient. In the Eastern War
thero were heavy losses, and the disbanding
of many regiments sent on unlimited furlough,
with a total cessation of recruiting in Russia
and in Poland during tho last six years. The
Dattalionß and batteries are exceedingly in
complete—being one-third short of the ne
cessary numbers.
The Czar Nicholas had greatly depopu-
lated the Russian Empire, by enormous re
cruiting, of which the present Czar is pain
fully aware. Four corps, (the Ist, 2d, 4th, and
sth,) to which the soldiers on furlough have
been recalled, and which*tirc, therefore, the
strongest, count scarcely 30,000 men each.
When complete, each numbers 66,000 mqn.
Tho six corps d’armee, with tho corps of
the Grenadiers and the two corps of Gnards,
are now distributed thus: The first and se
cond corps in Poland, Lithuania, and a part of
Volkynia—they are to be concentrated in
barracks near Warsaw, for tho great Review
preceding the Conference, in October. Their
number cannot exceed 60,000. They have to
garrison several places, which will reduce
their numbers. The third corps is quartered
in tho more distant parts of Lithuania and
Volkynia, and is still more incomplete-than
the other corps. The fourth and.fifth corps
are concentrated in Podolia and the Ukraine,
on tho Black Sea. They are more complete
than tho others, and wore ompleyed, during
tho months of July and August, in a fruitless
war of extermination against the loensts, who
infest those districts in myriads. The sixth
corps and tho Grenadiers are quartered in the
interior of Southern Russia. Tho two corps
of Guards mado their summer manceuvres
near St; Petersburg.
..Here, then, instead of 900,000 —>
nasxia tan nu mum tnau about 270,-
000, nor can these be removed from the
places where they are stationed. The Czar,
wore war to commence at once, could not
collect an available force of 70,000 men. On
the other hand, France has 600,000 soldiers
in arms, and, by calling out tho reserves,
could raiso that number to 800,000. Leaving
every place in his Empire garrisoned, ho
could load 300,000 into action at twenty days’
notice. Has France, then, any real grounds
for dreading Russian hostilities ?
The supposed organ of Jefferson Davis
(tho Jackson Mississippian, of the 23d of No
vember) laughs at tho Idea of a Convention
of all tho slavoholding States lor the purpose
of consulting and deciding upon existing diffi
culties, and says, “As well talk of rolling
back to its source the current of tho Missis
sippi river. Every man of any sense knows
that tho border slave States are not willing
now to act, and it is qHite improbable, if it is
left to thoir choice, that they ever will inau
gurate a secession movement, provided tho
Cotton States would buy their slaves at high
prices.” So that tho Ditunionisls of Missis
sippi, liko those of Alabama and South Caro
lina herself, not only resolvo to break up the
Confederacy, but to havo no intercourse what
ever with tho bordor slave States.
Delaware will present a steady front to tho
Disunionists. Tho organ of tho Breckinridge
Democracy—tho Wilmington Gazette— argues
with great spirit and force against tho en
tiro Secession movement. If Senator James
Batard will throw tho weight of his high
character and great abilities on tho same side,
it will help tho good cause, and redeem him in
the estimation of many who have regrettod his
recont conrso.
Italian Opera
The lovors of music will bo happy to know
that Tho Barber of Seville, the very beat of
Rossini’s society-opcras, will be represented
this evening, at tho Academy of Music, by
the Associated Artists—of whom we need
only say that, without having made any ex-
travagant boasts or promises, they aro more
cflfectivo, as a troupe, than any we have had
here for a long time. Colson never was in
finer voice—but, indeed, she always sings ex
quisitely Yet, this very Colson was all but
shelved, by Mr. Ullman, in order that the
public should be afflicted with Gazzaniga, and
was almost suppressed by Mr. Strakosch, in
order that little Miss Patti should be made
much of.
Signor Briguoli will be the Count Almuviva
of this evening, with Ferri as Figaro, and Su
sini as Don Bartolo. Wo shall have the
novelty of hearing Miss Adelaide Phillips as
Rosina. The part was written, we think, for
a contralto, though soprano singers have fre
quently sang it. Adelaide Phillips really U
an “ American Prima Donna,” with a good
voice, and has had, the advantage of musical
education and practice, at home and abroad.
It. is quite fitting that she should have such a
fair chance of distinguishing herself as .this
evening’s performance will give her. We
should bo glad to hear good native singers at
all times—but we hope that our Academy ot
Music will not be converted into a mere school
at which a Mew Tork amateur is to be polish
ed oft into what the Herald, whoso praiso is
very fatal to all whom it pufl's, calls « the
American Prima Donna.”
Miss Hinckley, another native singer, who
has studied, performed, and distinguished
herself in Europe, is now in this country, and
wo hopo to havo tho opportunity of hearing
her in this city ere long. All accounts from
abroad agroo in eulogizing her acting as well
as her Binging.
Signor Briguoli has recovered, and The
Sicilian Vespers will positively bo given on
Saturday evening, with a great cast.
We nAVF, scarcely picked up an exchange
tfhat has not contained a compliment to Gov.
Packf.r’s capital letter in reply to the Boston
incendiaries.
The spirited reply of Governor Packer to
tho Boston Abolitionists is commended by
nearly all of our exchanges.
WASHINGTON COBEE&I’ONDENCE.
Letter from “Occasional*”
[Correspondence ol The Praia.]
Washington, Not. 29, 1860.
The Illness of Mr. Secretary Cobb baa been se<
vere. There oin be no doubt (hat he has keenly?
felt the troubles which surround the Adminis-
tration and the country lam not without hope
that the Union heart which throbbed in his bosom
in 1851 continues to palpitate there op; and that
th© fire-eater of to-day may at last, in view of tho
difficult!©* of the nation, become tho patriot of to*
marrow.
And Jacob Thompson, tco—why should he be ft
Secessionist ? He hfifl always been a moderate
man. He never acted with Davis until Leeomp
ton reared its horrid front, and It became necessary
to hunt Douglas down. Dow he not see in the eon
fiervative tendencies of the Northern masses, and
the utter weaknefs of the argument is favor ot
eeccssion,a broad open pathway for candid,unselfish*
notion in tavor of his country ?
In the midst ot the almost universal disparities'
to concede everything for tho sake of Union, I re
gret to notice that Caleb Cushing raises the war
whoop in Massachusetts, and arraigns the Bepub
lioftn party on account of certain declarations of
Mr. Senator Wilson. This is no time for small
personal politics, and I had hoped that General
Cushing, who prates so much about nationality,
would weigh and appreciate the necessities of the
present case. After reading Ms speech, I felt, in
thinking of the difference between Webster and
Cushing, as Byron felt when, in Ciiilde Harold, he
exclaimed
- ‘‘Oh, forone hettf of blind old Paodolol
7h’ octogenarian ohief, Byzantium's conquering foe."
Oh, for an hour of Webster in Massachusetts,
or Clay in Kentucky, or that noble McDowell, of
Virginia, who, in 1850, thrilled the hearts of Me
countrymen with bis magnificent appeal at the
moment when it was supposed that the Union was
trembling (owing to the fanaticism of the hour)
upon the preoipice of annihilation.
It is true that General Cfiss is in the habit of
denouncing the inexcusable violence of the Die-
unionists. Th&t statesman has held his tongue
long enough. He submitted to Lecompftrft and the
English bill against his will, and he dd«s not
hesitate to pour out, in his peculiar style,
uidernble indignation upon the men who are noW
attaching the Union.
As I predicted yesterday, Harris, of Virginia,
hns come cut in a cbaiaoteihtio speech in favor of
tho Union. He belongs to the Tenth Legion, and
is the sucoessor in CongteßS of John Letcher.
Mr. Garnott, Representative from Mr. Hunter's
district—and, I believe, a son-in-law of the great
Camden aDd Amboy Railroad prince, Mr. Bte*
phens. of Hoboken—heretofore quite an extreme
man, advocates the conservative remedy of a con
vention of all the Southern States before the Se
cession is decided upon.
The Breckinridge papers in the Wheeling, Va ,
district, attack Hon. Mr. Clemens with great bitter
ness, on account of his sharp and determined let
ter in favor of the Union. Mr. Clemens is the
man who fought with the gifted son ol Governor
Wise—the late able, hut most misguided, editor of
the Richmond Enquirer —and neatly lost his life in
the struggle.
One of the mprl violent newspapers lor secession
is the New Orleans Detta % and this is done In the
face of the fact that ail the interests of Louisian*
are in favor of preserving the Confederacy as it is.
The lotting of the people of Washington, how
ever strong it may have been for the ultra South
ern movement heretofore, has reacted rapid]/ In
support of the Union sentiment. The extreme
pro-slavery men regard Washington with great
envy. If they succeed in their plans, they will
attempt to set up a rival political metiopoH*.
Hence, all those in this quarter who joined Mr*
Breckinridge and his party, in the belief that they
oould compel the Democracy of the Nor*h to sur
render Judge Douglas, now see the path to their
own permanent prosperity in supporting every con
servative man who stands by the Union as it is.
X have icpeatedly told you of my surprise at the
manifestations of feeling in this oity in favor of
the bolters from the Charleston and Biltimow
Conventions. The secret is to be fonnd in the fact
that they supposed the Northern Democracy would
yield to the Southern minority, and they now tee,
in the exactions of the Cotton States, a disposition
not only to refose to listen to all honorable com
promises, but a determination to ignore Washing
ton as the seat of federal Government. Th»
effect oi this movement is apparent in all quarters;
One of the expectations sore to be disappointed':
is that indulged by certain of thB Baltimore mer
chants that, in the event of secession, Baltimore
city would become a favorite port, and that in pro
portion as New York and Philadelphia All off, the*
City, of Monuments, would gain. The Southern
Diinnionists contempt for the patri
otic people of the State in which the sosg of the
Star-spangled Banner was written as they have
for any Northern state that refuses to, join them
in a mad crusade upon the Union; and Baltimore
will be as fiercely ostracised, as far as the Dis
unionists can accomplish that work, as any one i f
the Northern ports, not excepting Boston itself.
By the way, speaking of Boston, and resuming a
reference to Caleb Cushing, thore went out from
that oity and Newburyport, we think, not many
years ago, certain ships, interested in the slave
trade—that is, in supplying colored “ property’’ to
Southern States. vDo the Borion.shippers, in
-caieb Cushing and his family, intend to
invest their patriotism in that traffio?
One of the most enterprising and industrious
members of the Cabinet of James Buohanan is Mr.
Holt, the Postmaster General. He ia less in news
papers than any of the rest. He is less pragmati
cal He attsnds to his own business. We hear of
Cobb and Thompson, occasionally of our New
England friend, Mr. Tonoey, and frequently of Mr.
Blaofe, the Attorney Genera!; but rarely of hfr.
Holt in mere politics. lam happy to say that he
continues steadily to stand by the Union, and will
do so to the last.
Since I wrote to you yesterday I do not
there is any disposition on the part of the South
ern men to inaugurate violent scenes in Congress.
Those I have seen, although there are very few
here, are moderate and conciliatory. The very
fact that Ihere may be trouble makes everybody
conservative. And so I hope it will be to the end.
Occasional.
Col. Thomas 11. Benton on the Disso
lution of the XJnion.
Few publio men that have ever taken a leading
pait in the grave questions that have sncoesriveij
been discussed In the councils of oar country hare
left a mero honorable memory behind them *h«»
Thomas H. Kenton- Singularly gifted as a par*
liamentarian—able and skilful in debate, with the
proroundest and most logioal mind, ihe most ex
tensive and varied researoh, the most untiring in
dustry, and indomitable energy and will—he was,
in all respeots, one of America’s greatest repre
sentative men.
In ihe years 1817—S, pending the discussions in
both branches of Congress on the famons Oregon
question, Mr. Calhoun and other Southern Sena
tors warmly antagonized the views of Col. Benton,
and held up, in glowing colors, the probable con
sequences of Ihe dissoiniion of Ihe Union. To
these disunion rpeeches Ihe distinguished Missouri
Senator replied at length, and from one of his
spocohcs, on that ocoasion, we cull the following
rare extract. It is worthy of the fame and memo
ry of the devoted friend and able advooate of the
Jackson Administration, and proves him to have
been a true patriot, as well as a gifted Senator and
able statesman.
In reply to the disunion sentiments of Southern
Senators, Col Benton spoke as follows:
“All this talk about the dissolution of the Un'bn
(he raid) gave him no concern. He was peculiarly
constituted as to the subject His ohsotvaUtn ot
public nfluire went back to that period of our Ms
torjr when Aaron Burr engaged in his enterprise of
disunion. Ho (Mr. B.) was a boy of sixteen, but
was an observer of events, and a reader of the
publiojournals. He acknowledged that he then read
with mortifioation-andfew things from the same
source had ever failed to meet with his cordial an
probation-he read, he said, with mortification, the
proclamation of Mr Jefferson, in whichhodenouneed
theprojectof Burr as ‘ dangerous to the Unionfor
at that time thero was not a neighborhood in the
West in which Burr would disclose his pxojeot.
u he had done so, thewomen and children would
nave tied him down and sent him to the nearest
place ojjustice^dragged by a dog-chain. As long
as ho presented mere designs of a dazsling nature,
and not concerning our own Government, he was
likened to; but when, on the lower Mississippi, he
did disclose his treasonable objects, he was imme
diately obliged to fly into the wilderness and be*
come an outoast from eoolety. There, in his hiding
place—in his dlsgui.se—in a oreek, where the alli
gator has his plaoe—he was accidentally encoun
tered at night by one who, before affording him
relief, domanded his name. Who are you ? As
soon as he gave his name he was tafcen into cus
tody, and by a string led into the Goorgia settle
ments °
“Bnrr having heard of the sympathy often ex
cited in behalf of great men struggling with ad
versity, appealed to some persons In Georgia for
I his resoue. He addressed some boysas to his case,
land, at first, very naturally excited their Minna
thy. But, when these boys heard bis name, they
l refused to afford him any euoeor. Such (said Mr.
1 B.) will be jhe end of all attempts to dissolve this
? n A! O^ ide ** fry any line. He would (he
said) think that a man who might briug brick,
mortar, and trowel to dam up the mighty Mitfif
eippi, had oommenoed a feasible and wise enter
prise, in comparison with the project of that man
Who might undertake to run a dividing line be
tween the States of this Union. All this talk of
disunion was idle. It was like
i, , . * A tale told by an idiot,
t ull of found and lury, signifying nothing.’
!No influence had theso menaces on him. A key
dropped into the broad Atlantic would, ai it had
been said, produoe & disturbance thatwould be felt
in the seas of China. Just as little did this talk of
Disunion ruffle him.”
Br the following paragraph, it will be per
ceived that the rumor of the death of Judge
Labkabee, Representative in Congress firom__
Wisconsin, published in this and other jonr*
nnls a fqw days ago, was incorrect:
“ JonoE Lareabsb.— "We are glad to le&ic, the
Judge has so f?r recovered from the iDjoriei re*
reived bj him a short time since, in confetpme* of -
a fall from the roof of his house, that he will bo
able to take his seat in Congress on the first day of
the present session. The proceedings of that body
will be deeply interesting, and prominent nmont
the men who will aot for the whole country will be
the Representative from the Third district of Wit*-
cossin. —Watertown (Wis.) Democrat.