The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, March 01, 1860, Image 2

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THURSDAY, MARCH 1,1860; '
THE WE Eic
For Fnrordaf. March 3.1 e now out. The c ome , ' of this
number are of &varied oharaoter. jades itsueriMat.-
tractions, it minutiae the LItTEirT YORRION NEWS:
Editorials on thenopnler topic,' of Roder ; &Moe Lite..
Darr reading, original and selected; Domestic end Po
rtia Markets, ism Read the list of .
CONTENYiSt
ORIGINAf...POETRY. -1 'lsllTnot- TO-BIGHT,
Lova.
OUR PORT.FOLIO.-Tin FAIRIES ott THE 111N.433
PHILOSOPHY OE 8310EING7CONIUGATINO A REEL=
THE DOG AND HIS AusTER-,MARRIAGE 7 A rum
Dail:4l3lloN -WELLINGTONIA2 16-PATIENCE.-THE
TONGUE,PROMISES. _
EDITORIALB.--Tai Bona, Siteonn Tiodour-Ltr--
Ma ELLA Bonne-HOrti Annum G. CHET'N'OHE
E NATIONAL DEFEITOITI-40FALTY4XISITS 'CANADA..."
THE MEXICAN PRONTIEN,4 4 / 1 11110/1, FROM THE
JAPANESE-ITALIAN Bass--ITEMS, OP REVENUE-,
IMMURE OP SHIPS AND B'AI:4(3Ni-TN* GLACE MAIIt
BYSTINN-MADAME RICAME.CHAPTER I'-MORAE*
DINNEY AND WASHINOTONLOIS Or THE
STAN"-THE HORRORS Or THE COOLIE TRADE-Tax
FREE NEGROES Or THE SOLEIL ' -
MISCELLANROUI3.-Dtip-A Gams strritso PEE:
litan-FRANK LESLIE AND THE SONS OP MALTA-.
NON-INTERCOUREE-THERTY-SIX. MILLIONS 'OE PEO
PLE-FEMALE MAIL ROARERS-THE , CELEBRATION
AT WASIIINGTONS INAUGURATION Or CLARE MILLS'
STATUE OP WASHINGTON-LATEST FOREIGN NEWS
BY TEE EUROPA-CALIFORNIA ITEMS-EXECUTION
OP A Motinssan-Tita OnentansTort, coartsortor -
PEOPLIS'S STATE CONVENTION.
00h$B8PONDENOR.-Dartarte arrow OCCASION
'AL"-Livrrala roost Wages:soros AND %mote
el/14--Igairene PROM ,EKADINO-L-LETTEE FROM,
NEWS.-Tno LATEST NEWS ET TELEGRAPH' PROM
EUROPE, CALIFORNIA, WASHINGTON, AND PUERTA
RIIREP.'CONGRESSIONAL-PROCEEDINGC LEGISLATIVE
PROCEEDINGS, ETC.. ETC.
RELIGIGUB.-Promur 'PORTRAITS, No. YID' Ray.
BEGET A. WIIIV.LETTER PROM 'IIIUIALEM-THE
OLDEST GREENE. MANUSCRIPT OF TEE BIBLE'EX
"TANT. 4
AGRICULTURAL DRPARTAIRNT.=-A CHEAP
INTECTANT---THE DROVER'S ,BOUNISE-ROLLING
£ GRASS LAND.
TEE CITY. WEEKLY Aerials - or TEE PaILADSLPH/A
- MARKETS-Tos Moray fdemor-,-Tes Fumanti.-
Mlle. CATTLE MARKET-NEW YORE CATTLE MAR
IE? NEW YORK MARKETS •• RIARETAGRE AND
DEATHS.
THE WEEKLY PRESS It furnished to subsonbets M
IF per year, in advance, for the single oopy, and to
antis of Twenty, when mat to one eddressi, 810, in ad-
Tanee. Slake copies for Mae at the counter of THE
Passe Moe. in wrappers, ready for mailing.
FIRST PAlll9.—Comparative Taxation ; Railroad
and Telegraph between the Atlantic Btatea and
California ;,General News. Peanut Paon--Thi
City ; Marine Intelligenoe.,-,
The Democratic state Conv i ention.
One of the most infamous acts over perpe
trated by any political body was performed by
the Democratic State Convention, in session
at Reading, yesterday, in excluding James F.
Joussros, Esq., of this city, front the seat to
which he had been legally elected by the De
mocracy of the district he clainied to' repre
sent. There is not in the State of Pennsyl
vania a more steadfast And upright Democrat,
or a more honest and sterling man, and few; if
any, who have displayed more.zeal and ability
in advocating the time-honored' prlitciples of
the Democratic party. The honest Democracy
of Philadelphia, who know him well; and who
have learned to appreciate the value of his
efficient and disinterested services in many
trying political campaigns, also perfectly well
understand that he would scorn the thought , of
claiming a seat to which he wait not fttlly, en;
titled. • If anything could bring the blush of
shame upon the cheeks of the venal place
men whose intrigues, excluded him from the
Convention, their participation in this act of
unmitigated - political thud slionld - do so; and ,
wo are amazed that.somit of the men ithe'cp
operated with them should have thus stained
their characters as Deinocrats and
,as fair:"
dealing Mon.
The evening session of fhe Convention was
devoted to the appointment'of a delegatiOn to,
Charleston. Thee , attempt• to Ignore diversi.
ties of sentiment, and make the delegation a
unit, failed, and the delegates of the respective
Congressional districts were permitted to se
lect the men who aro to' represent the Demo
cracy of the State. in the approaching Na
tional Convention. Onthe first ballot Senator
Blount (who seems determined to cling pre a
mill-stone'round the -neck of the Dentociaey
of the State) and Hon. Joan L. Dawson were
chosen as two of the Senatorial delegates,
:when the Convention adjourned- until to-day.
The -Commercial Treaty between
FrapCe and England.*
. •
The recent Anglo-French treaty is asome
what novel feature in modern diplomacy. Or..
dinary commercial 'treaties provide for the
establishment of trade , between the countries
which-form there, and regulate dhicriminationa
between foreign and home shipping, &e.; but
this treaty establishes the rates of deities which
shall be charged by France, on the otie band,
upon certain articlei which, England is desi
rous of exporting to France, and the rates of
- 'which - England is eharge upon
certain articles which ; France is desi
rous of exporting to , England. Al
though France and' England are separated
by a narrow channel, and pewees io 'diversi
fied a climate that if they were united under
one Government' and no restrictions whatever
were placed upon the trade between them,
their commerce would undoubtedly be very
great, former rivalries; hatreds and jealou
sies, and restrictive duties, have so diminished
the trade between them that its amount is but
comparatively trilling When the, resources of
the, two countries are considered. Mr. Gun..
wrong, in a recent speech in regard to this
treaty, said that while' the export of English
manufacturetrevery year !sabot:ft Z 180,000,090,
the export of nianufactered ',geeds 'to France
in 1858 amounted to only £688,600, of Which
£208,000 consisted of Cashmere shawls which
only came to England for transit,and .£217,000
for machinery—leaving the value of all other
manufactured articles exported from England
to France in 1858 at £263,0001
France was thus almost completely auceesafhl
in shutting Out 'from her soil the manufactures
of England; and England, in tern, while she
has admitted a much larger quantity of French
goods, has also, by herheavy duties, particu
larly on such articles as wine, Freneli brandies,
and gloves, done much to check , the importa-
tion of French goods into her dominions.
It Is the object of the, lete treaty, which Is
the work, principally, of the famous E. ngliab
free-trader, RICHARD CORED, on the part of
England, and of Louis NAPOLEON, on the part
of France, to, destroy a,bonsiderable number
of these barriers, and thue to increase the trade
between the two nations. -For this purpose,
the Emperor of France engages that the, duties
shall in no case exceed thirty per content upon
a large number of enumerated articles; con-
slating, in put, of chemiCal production's, To.
fined sugar, soap, stoneware, earthen and
chinaware, worsted ;and Woollen yarn, cotton
mannfaetiires, worsted and woollen - inanufae
twee, mariefactures of hair, of flax and . hemp,
of leathery' of camitchotic' and gate *mho,
and articles of clothing, cutlery, metal wares,
pig and east iron of every' desciiption, bar and
wrought iron, steel, machinery, tools, car
riages, spirits, cabinet ware; &c. The import
duties are also to be reduced on British coal
and coke. ,
On the part of Yngland, the treaty Provides
that her Britannic Majesty 'than recommend to
Parliament the abolition, of defies On a num
ber of articles, among which are mineral
acids, perOssfon caps, jewels set, toys, corks,
embroideries, brass' and brthirie manUfactores,
canes, hats,.gloves,-itockings, - lesther nianu
factures, lact,'mannfaCttties of iron and steel,
millinery and artificial &mire, olls,'nuusiCal
instruments, worsted and woollen shawls, hand
kerchiefs, °locks,' latches,end : opera-glasses,
' and porcelahiware, grapes; sulphate of
quinine, manufactures of. slily &c:; an‘that
she shall alio Tremble Jbat!the• duties on
Freneli 'wine, be at once - reduce4 to three
shillings a gallon, - and after the Ist .of April,
1861, to a rate of from - one Shilling to two
shillings, aceerding 'to the quality of the wine,
and that brandies shall be admitted on pay 7
ment ortwn pence Mori:Alienate excise duty
upon home-made spirits, or 85. 2d. a gallon.
If the recommendations mad® to the British
parliament ere faiorably.acied upon, this trea
ty trill doubtless lead to a very considemble In
crease In thetrade of the two eountries; ' The
English iniPorts of French wines,: brandies,
- gloves, silks; and many other articles,' will
doubtlese be gfeoy, , inciP4lo4 l .4a. we con
sumption in' France of: many British articles,
Coat; also be
much 'greaterthan herigelforg.r. • -
" 064400 4 x: /great fis the pifhly
oeitY to Poo 41101 ,1 14000 Pak , i 1 3 14 Au .0 ariliallUS
seats at the diati,atreetl Mare have helm exteelted"
for arm retitte Mt ;rah' fit . tatifill
11 0/i t ifrrO t f i iri l ciA a Af:l•H. I. ' „
Vidal443;fleiklOWS)9olTre. - No i lrlttt
attention to 'WO ihriaitisementveffee - 4nazitaietipit 4.
yetty for sale, atileterth7 the hOthie 01 044tallate.
MMEllfg=l
_ ; ,Letter from is Occasionol.”
(Cferrexperofenot of The Preehl •
, • • 'WASHINGTON, Felmfiry 29,4850
You Oil remember that, during the .Leeempton
_straggle; the President, Speaking threughlhe vo;
melons Ups of John G. Jones, eaustal , it to be Intl-
Meta that nobody was to be invited te;partekont
tds hospitalities who did not politicos* Symiettize
end Ce4perate with him. For the first time, the
Chief Magistrate of the Union attempted to BOO
'di:table social life under the roof of the White
House, Mad, his example has since then been rather
extensiVely followed. -
Within the lest Year, hewiver, is ()beige has some
over the dream of his Majesty, and now invitations
to his dinners go begging on every side. Some days
ego, asl hear from good authority, cards were fumed
invitin4 the Presence of pertain Democratic Item
sentatives, at a Presidential feast. This z tardy
politeness was not very graciously received by the
gentlemen in question, all but- one peremptorily
cefeeing to recognise, the man who had etudirody
ignored them and their petition associates. It is
stats that a great outburst of indignation followed
on the Mart of J. lif.;'inid that orders Were immedi
ately *id that no one' stieuld be appointed to.
any offinceon 'the ritoommendstiori of a member of
Onngveirs who bad refused to put hie feet under the
Presidential mahogany, and that all persons hold
ing offite under• euoh recommendations were to be
sommonly, ejected. Unnatural and unusual as this
worse 'may seem to the uninitiated reader, you
may rely upon the general accuracy of this atate
.
ment.
The Sinus of Attorney General Black bei be r&
more aritioal than reported. He hoe never been
in good health slue he came to Washington' to re
side.
The perplexities of his position were new
'to liinit; ; he had never been been,ln.Congress or, any
other deliberative body. The intrigues, excite
nenta,•alid schemer so rife at this capital, were
ealonlited to disturb, the equanimity of a much
more'liparienoed partisan, and I am not sur
prised that they Should have greatly affected the
tranquillity of the attorney General: Jtidge Black
will never :be a political leader. He is a fine
labeler and .a most fatale end ready newspaper
writer. Hie ambition is really to obtain a posi
tion on the Supreme Bench, and if he oan continuo
on the' right side of the President, be may, in the
event of a vacancy, close hie career as ' a member
of that.high tribunal.
It is rumored to-day that if the health of the
Attorney General does not improve, he may feel it
inouinbent upon him to relinquish his office, in
whieb'event the Prealdefft will tender it to
WB
liam H. Reed, of your State, who, I perceive, is
it li in Washington, doubtless assisting the head
of the 'Government in hie various political and
other ,plane. Whin I look over the list of great
intellects in the ranks of 'the Democratic party of
Penntiyivenia, it le difficult to realize that the idea
oonld be entertained of elevating over their heads
'such a man. gigs Levels, St. George Tucker
Oampbell, Jaime F. dohnston, George itharawood,
(Marten Ingersoll, John 0. Knox, and others, in
Philadelphia, Henry 'Chapman of Bucks, James
H. Patter of Northampton, Judge Cunningham of
Lucerne, Benjamin Chanipabya of Lancaster, Ha.
mitten Alrleka of Ditiptin, William A. Stokes of
Westmoreland, Charles Shaer of Allegheny, set
to speak of the able Democratic jurists on the su
preme bench of the State itself—Trromsaorr, WOOD
WARD, Lawns, and Brame—all these men, most
of them mestere of their profession, and all of
them hailers of the bar, a number having occupied
eetitelin the Congress of the United States, and
therefore well acquainted, with the public men in
every part of the country, may be called upon to
stand back to make way for the new favorite of
James Buchanan.
The Senate committee on the printing eorrup•
Lion fund will shortly close its labors. Although
rome'siugular developments will be made, yet,
owing to the manner in which that committee has
been contracted, mush that was germane, to the
tubjeot,wao exolnded, and, therefore, a somewhat
whitewashing, and one-sided report will be pre
tented. ' Happily, however, the same question has
hem referred by the House to the Committee on
Public Expenditttres in that toady, or which Hon.
John E. Raskin; of New York, is the eidqient and
ancoMpromiling oh/Armen. This able and pa
'triotlo Bepresentative . —now in his second Con
trolliOnl term—whose career, from the first, has
been s manly and unfaltering defence of the rights
the people, ; and who, although bitterly op
posed, has won the respect of his colleagues and
itiseOlates bylkis fearless and independent conduct,
LB adnliraldy qualified to sift to the bottom the cor
ruptions of :the present Administration. That
whiCh the Senate committee has refused to spread
cronf the Journals during the investigation referred
to, will be thoroughly ventilated under the vigi
lant 'sonatiny of Baskin and his committee. I
perceive that Mr. Baskin has been called to New
'York on important business, and lam informed
that r ilen he returns, he will proceed in the good .
work In downright earnest.
NVO are alt' gratified it the news received thi
morning from Reading that ipeaoeful counsels may
prevail , at the Convention tawdry. At hot the me-
Solna begins to work, and now on tto eve of
another great 13 mittl,o and when the Administration
ls waning airity:andtvben office and emolument are
fast disappearing' in the womb of time, meg' here
tofore deaf
,O the rotas of reason listen to its
teachings, and Implore for that tranquillity which,
bad thitY'beett earlier' impressed with the salutary
l'esso'rai might long ago haie restored harmony and
strength to the Demoenttle ranks.
ShOuld any diffioulty take Owe et Reading, it
will he direolly traceable to the efforts of the Gene
ral pmh4letratien and Its 'mercenaries, who are,
I understand, In "great force on the battle-ground.
`That a majoiltylif that body sympathise with Mr.
Donglaa and Ms friends There can be no doubt, and
piollieentiment, as expressed through them, is
'31=61 or overawed by the paid hireliage in office,
let the men who may be guilty of the wrong be
held; to a atriot and Wearable accountability
Vanity Fair le, I pereeivs, bey.lpg a broad laugh
in some capital oarloaturokdver the charapteristio
reception of the 'military darling of Clothed the
National (lipid, Indite last satires are exceesively
njoyed by those who, while admiring this spoiled
3hild of all the regiments, hayi pot participated in
she excess of enthusiasm which has particularly
Iftlieted lion. John Cochrane, and other New
Yorkers now Washington. Mr. Cochrane Is
me of the most. popular and gifted members of the
House, a good speaker, an Industrious legislator,
and' a bachelor Adonis, He to fond of his joke,
too, 'and it is, related of him that while the pone.
lain gentry of the Seventh wero standing in front
of the Presidentiefmansion, with mud' below,
shove, and around them, waiting for him to return
from the President, to whom he had gone to Invite
him out to review them,the was calmly ensconced in
one of the red-oushloned chairs of the White:House
smoking a cigar with the venerable Book.
The President is quite acne over this small mat
ter, and thinks that the labor and expense of en
tertainimi these well-dressed and well-drilled
troops shisuld have been taken off his hands by
Mr. Cochran aid his committee, and one of their
frieleds complained to me that nothing would have
prevented theft being properly entertained In the
most Irixarious'manner by that prince of men, W.
W. Corcoran, Esq., the banker, whose baud is al
ways spin in works of public good, bat the fact
that they'eame here under the auspices of the Pre
ddent, who has taken more than one omission to
show in regard to Mr. Corcoran, as well as In ref°.
ranee to other of his old friends In Washington,
that his sense of gratitude is not to be measured by
'he favors they have heretofore shown him, but by
the manner in which' they might agree to submit
to harsh Ind unnecessary treatment of them
selves.
Buohanan never bed many military tastes,
end is not very fond of the Pennsylvania Ireton.
teem.' You will remember that when Captain
()nehmen, with his Limiter Penelbles, as tine a
body of men as ever shouldered a musket, or
marched with the.flag of the Union, aocompanied
tits chief in his progress to !Washington to be inau
gurated,' he gave them the slip at Baltimore, end
when they asked to be received by their old towns,
min in Washington, before they returned to Len.
caster, he declined the labor, and sent. tbem, I be
someMeen or twenty dollars;to pay their
homeward expenses! This incident may account
for the fast, that while Virginia and New York
were invited to Washington, in the person of their
citizen soldiery, the unsurpassed regiments of Phi.
lifielphts were not telegraphed to some hither to
receive the "princely hospitality" so pompously
prOmised, and so frugally forgotten. •
lion. F. P. Stanton reached Washington last
evening. lam gild to hear that the prospeots of
his election to the United States Senate in the
event of the admission of Kansas Into the Union as
A Soveiel_gn State are rapidly increasing. Frede
rick PA:Kenton In tho nate would give to the
friends - el self government another able and coura
geousoliempion.
OditaslOHAL.
'Tax ITALIAN OPHlti.:.—tia
,approaching season
of ]Malian opera promises to 'be an exceedingly
brilliant one. The performanee will commenoe on
Monday night with the Barber of Seville," in
which Miss Patti` will sing; for the first thee in Phi
ladelphia, the 'part, of Racism.' On Tuesday will
be performed; for the Fret thee in halladelphia, the
Italian version of the famous opera of Der Frei
salmis." • It will be 'produced with a grand new
scene,' On' '{Wednesday "evening Puritant"
dill be sung, with Miss Patti as Mafia. , The sale
of 'tickets for these three performances will cote
liens* this evening' at' the Academy of Musics, at
Obleherinis', and at Beek ft Lariton's, and as the
sitascri will undoubtedly be a highly ingoessfed one,
thdies who wish to Sainte good seats should do so at
oiee.
Tin?. 441.1:1$ 08 Oanni 4 allne.—The twenty-ninth
semi-Annual Philadelphia trade sale of carriages
is amid:timed to take , place at Mr: Harkness' Ba
siarroit tho 28th q Morel next. The entire oats
embrace at least 300 light earrlagea,
in
eluding about 60'of Dunlap's beet baggy wagons,
with - and without tope, This will be the most ex,
to isl 'eels of oarrlages over held in this elty, and
thiopioittiniti has hover been so good fora,
gen
emstt,lo wirst-rate wagon at a low price.
- • *ea traction relVortliement,
tq I
p..=
Bsufor Bußiosoorto Turin AND 13orxe, This
libittnltsf.' 4 4l,iooott,•Jt.; autionoer, 431 Ohastnut
41Frh,1T.4 1 „4;.1 1111 DiOintrig,.at 191 ionla*4oo
dos= ii 4841.444— foliAlit Wok,
10.
The Democratic State Convention.
[Correapondenee of The Prem.] ;
• nokrilleO, February 28, IMO:
Reading le wit& withpolitioal exentement. Wrenn
very easily Iniagine a beautiful little inland town, in
habited by thrifty hnd honest people-Lthe centre of a
large and important branch of Ameritilin industu—mho
°ambit of one of the eteadiest anemostrespeotable
°aunties in the Common Wealth—on a quiet evening,
everything as still es the ocean in a calm, and nothing
but the occasional shout of playing chi ldren, or
merry greeting of passing friends, to disturb the si
lence. I write tins letter at midnight, and in such a
time, looking out upon it from an elevated window In
the Golden Swan Hotel,—it Is not the Reading of your
imagination, my friend—not the Reading of staid aid
Berke county. I look out upon its main streets and see
them thronged with a large body of restleu, daring, and
aspiring men. I hear the shouts of political followers,
the clink of wine-glasses and the loud laugh of revel
lere,who will, in all probability, prolong their interne
ha long into the morning. Flags are waving front the,
shops and hotels; while the merry sound of the fife and
drums of enthusiastic serenaders vies with the repeated
shriek of the locomotive as it panes and renames on the
wings of steam. All tide, and more than this, on a cool
and genial evening, and beneath the rayed it silvery
I moon that tide the distant hill-tops with an indescriba
ble gleri—bring all this to your imagination, and you
have a faint and uncertain picture of bewildered, ex
cited, and enthusiastio Reading.
, The only promeding of importance. , that took place
since I transmitted you my last letter, in the evening
mail of yesterday, was the arrival of the Keystone
Club, from Philadelphia. The Club was brought on
here by several politioana, of the Philadelphia school,
for the purpose of working for Witte, and scouring the
recognition of Mr. Faux as the delegate from the First
district. For this purpose these gentlemen procured a
hundred through tickets for Reading, and distributed
them among the Club. A hundred other of the mem
bers of the Club, procured their own tinkle, and to the
number of two hundred they arrived here last evening,
at six o'olook, under the command of Wrn. Byerly
The Bemocratio Club of Reading, under the lead of
J. Lawrence Getz, met them at the depot, and escorted
them to their quarters. on Penn street. Beck's Band
preceded the proosesion ! , discoursing muno eloquently
chmatiteriatie. .00 arriving at their quarters. Mr. Getz
welcomed the Club In a brief speech, in which, on tie
half of the Demooracsy of Reading, he tendered their
hospitalities. Re alluded to the Demooratio party. and
the duties to be performed by the Club as members of
that party. lie hoped they would stand by its destinies,
andnever desert its flat ; that they would remember the
obligations they owed to this glorious Union, and that
they would be ever found fighting for constitutional
liberty, the 'Union of the States, and the harmony and
happiness of the country. After again welcoming the
Club to Reading and its holpitalities, the speaker con
cluded amid great cheering.
Wm. McCandless, Ecu., the President of the Club,
responded M a nest. and eloquent address. He thanked
Mr. Gets, and through hint the Demooraoy of Reading,
for their generous reception, their oven-handed and
unostentatious hospitality. He appreciated the congra
tulations of the speaker, and hoped the Club would al
ways and ever be found in the rank/ of the pure Demo
creep. [Applause.] They had come to Reading to reas
sert the principles of 1856, and not to ally themselves to
any partisan, or any candidate. They wished to aid in
the restoration of Demooratio harmony, and In reform
ing and restrengthening the ranks of the party. His
speeoh was conoluded amid loud cheers, interspersed
with repeated cries for Mr. Vaux. who appeared , at a
window in reopens@ to a oall, and was enthusineticiuly
received.
.• . •
Mr. Vaux thanked the assemblage for their com
pliment. He recognised them as fellow-Demperate
of Philadelphia. end was glad to meet them in the
capital of Old Berks. Be came to Reading am a duly
elected member of the Convention. as a Democrat who
knew hie rights, and knowing, dared to 'smart them.
He felt certain that the deliberation. of the Convention
would tend to the best interest' of the party. and that
the State of Pennsylvania would endorse the nominee
by an overwhelming majority. Be did not desire to
make a speech, and particularly to a crowd of hungry
men. Accordingly he would eonolwie by again thank
ing them for their kindness, and welcoming them into
supper. The last sentiment was received with loud ap
plause, after which the Club went in to supper.
The town is so full of rumor, of every character and
deibription, that it is almost impossible for me to obtain
anything like a trueremelt of the caucusing, and plans
of the night—the plots and oonnterplots of opposing
forces. I understand that the Aiminlptratien callous is
in session at the Keystone Ifotel. You may
account of their doings in the morning. For the pre:
ant, good night. SEMI-OCCASIONAL.
At eleven o'clock the Convent - 4/A
„lizentNo, February 29 IMO .
commence ite
seezione, in the Court House. 'Me Aar ill rather dame
but warm, and only want,' the sun to make it giNious.
I think we shall have the sun before eleven o'clock. as
the clouds around the misty hill-tops are streaked
in gold and blue. The town, as I write, Is compara
tively quiet. The politieians have not come from their
rooms, end many are, no doubt, sleeping off the effect of
excessive draughts of raw whiskey. 'The Golden Swan
Rotel. where your representatives are staying, is the
quietest house in the town, It is a kind of neutral
ground for nil parties, and hence there is not so moll
excitement. This may be attributed to the faot that
the proprietors of this hotel refused to lease their rooms
Deforehand to politiolans. as was done by the merle-
Mrs of the others. You will certainly pardon me for
saying that the Goblen Swan is an excellent and commo
dious hotel, well managed, and eligibly located. It, has
been:lately repainted, refurnished, end refitted, anti
presents just now the handsomest appearance of any
hotel in the Piece.
I understand that Robert Tyler is In town, and under
this roof. I have not been able to see the gallant Vir
ginian, nor has any one else that I know. One thing is
very trulliPthe chairman keeps himself as secluded as
though his person was es sacred as that of a Chinese
Emperor. A malicious delegate, alluding to this fact at
breakfast, hinted that Tyler heard of Yandrka'a being
around, and did not wish to hurt the District Attorney's
feelings. There is a rumor, too, that Tyler is disaugted
with pertain doing,. and ix standing on his dignity, re•
fusing to take ap aotive,part in the leadership. There
is nmystery about his conduct, to say the least.
They say that the Instructions brought from 'Wash
ingtOn by the brilliant and accomplished Bigler are
very imperfect, and may lead to divisions in the Ad
4311n4tratton ranks. The President asks the Convention
to Wu, teaolutions endorsing him without qualification
—.passing over the AdMinistmtion of Packer—gazet
ting Bigler as an uvrigAt ond himrablo Representa
tive,* true and loyal Democrat' —end westing, in al
Its obnoxious phases, the Ransits-Leoompton question
also, to arrange the delegates to Charleston so that
Douglas may 100 slaughtered. Nothing at all is said
about the Governorship ; and hence the dilemma. One
part of the offloe•bolders, under Baker and Browne, are
opposing Witte, white another part, under Yost, are
marshalling their throes for ghs benefit of the "Little
Napoleon." A word from Washington would have set
tled the matter. and restored harmony.
At the AAminlstranon °aliens let night, at the Key
stone Hotel, the Ott thing under consideration was
the contested scats. J. b. Baker ropoied to the caucus
to retain Vann and McGrath, on oentlition that they
wont) Sampt to oust Jolmatou and Jones )intao Leech
was sent after lidparath, in order to communicate to
Min the resißtof Jbeirileliberstions. McGrath went to,
Baker ' who told imp that he woAild be all right if he
would help the Custom House th get Swot/. Vandall
into the Convention In place of Johnston. McGrath
replied that he did not come here to make term with
Baker or anybody else ; that he area the duly-elected
delegate fon his district. and that Mr. Baker had no
voice in the twitter. lia would have his ease decided
by the Convention. and would folJo v bit own Indr ooo nt
in the mum of Mr. Johnston. He had no farm to ask
of the Custom House. and respeetfully declined the
proposition. This reply startled Baker, and on being
comntuniPataii th the caucus, it incontinently adjourned
sine du.
The anti-Admintstmtjon men are slowly and surely
waloscing. They are in a minority. I pond's!. but a
more talented and accomplished minority I have never
seen in a Convention. There are men among them who
ari not so easily killed. They are working their cards
with more than usual skill and care, and I would not be
surprise(' to Den them hold the balance of power in the
Convention. I see here Alexander McKinney of West
moreland, Bon. Williapr Montgomery of Washine ton,
Charles D. Itineltne. Jobn ebony of Pbilatielphiq,liew.
IS C. Cassidy, James M. Leddy, and others of equal ca.
libre, who are quietly laying the train for the day's ex
plosion. And it will be an explosion, as the sequel will
show.
James P. Johnston Faroe up last night, in the train
that brought the Keystone Chill. go Is prepared (or a
bold and brave kat. Vo bits . 1 4! eareektiee _lO or
proofs that there were the mosg gross and infamous
frauds perpetrated to street his defeat. lohnsion Is a
game man, and will trouble the Administration. They
would give anything to keep him out of the Convention,
and I fear they will succeed. The telegraph will have
told the story by the time you read this letter.
I understand that the Baker and Browne clique, acting
under the immediate inspirttion Of Governor Bigler,
gent a deputation to Witte last evening. offering to
make terms with him on certain conditions. Theso
conditions ware; That he sitouJd yield the organisation
of the Convention Ingo their hands, allow them the dele
gates to Charleston. and aid them in paining a series of
Boohanan-loving, Biglevwhite•washing, and Lecomp•
top.swallowing, retolutionx.• Witte refused. Re was
willing to gotta moderate terms, to do anything rea
sonable ; but tie cold not go into the Convention on a
platform of inevitable defeat. TI le, of course, raised
tho ire of B. and 8., and they threatened to unite on
Fry, or somebody else, and beat Witte. They claimed
to have Nen enough to tarry out this West, and only
wanted nerve tp put it ire execution. As it wag, a con
ference was held, Henry M. Phillips toting aa mediator.
Whether they healed the breaph or not I cannot say,
Time only will show.
Goa. George M. Sanderson arrived last evening, and
is staying at Bourbon'e. lie has 'room on the third floor,
Your correspondent visited him late in the evening,
and found hint surrounded by a large number of en
thusiastie friends. Be expecte to go into the Conven
ticle with twenty votes, and, in case of an " irrearssin
bleconiliet " between Witte and Fry, he may be nomi
nated asp pomp:mire candidate. Sanderson is as ex
cellent man,'snd would maks a good Governor. •
Wendell is here, very hirer about something, Gil
presence troubles the B's. They know ►hat Cornelius
has a balance against the Adminittration, and that lie
is a dangerous man. Wendell himself is Jovial,amiable,
and non-committal. Re says he came here only to sea
the Democracy " spread themselves." and only wished
to be guarded as a looker-on in Vienna. Ge talks very
independently about Buchanan and Bowinan, and rays
be wily arrange mattere at Washington yet. What
Wendell may want, I don't know, hilt be is very busy, I
see him everywhere, and buttonholing even body. lip
has hie cards to play, but carefully conceals the trumps.
The Convention is almiit to meat, and I Wow You
will hear from me by the nest mail, or by the telegraph.
SEMI-DMA/3101t &L
RZADINIA. 3 P. M., Fab. 39,1990.
The Convention, as you will see by the report, was
employed all the morning in considering contested seats.
Nothing definite was exhibited, except that on the vote
for temporary chairman the Administration rotors num
bered ten majority. Smith mettle a speech, which was
very well received, considering that the Convention
was very restless. Another thing was shown, and that
Is, that the anti-Administration forces are under excel
lent leadership. John Cessna. of Bedford county, a hne
speaker and a man of ability, led their forces this morn
ing. Isaac Leeoh, of Philadelphia, was the month-Mime
of the Administration. Leeoh is a very Inferior leader,
although something of a declaimer. Cosine carried his
point in every inetanbe, and completely checkmated
Leech In his attempt to send the anti.Admtnigtration
contestants to a peeked committee of custom.howie
officers.
!there was no little feeling when the Convention was
oonsideripir the claim of Charles M. Lemming to re-
Present the First representative distrlot. Mr. L. Is a
custom-house officer, and when Dr. Jones stated the
very palpable fact that the Administration had over
awed the Demooratio voters at the polls of the primary
elections, there wee an enthukiestlo round of applause.
The ohairutan, Robert Tyler, was pacing 1/0 and down
the space Mille rear of the president's seat at the time,
and' when the applause was given, you should have
seen his look of ineffable disgust at the whole proceed
ing. flame most amusing to behold.
The first business after dinner will be the'oonsidero
tion
of the ease of James P. Johnston whose aeatis con
tested by Samuel L Randall. Jehnston ie very naafi
dent ef biting able ti retain his seat.' The frlOsde, how=
ever, Ate not Co sanguine. '
One very palpable fact is apparent, and that lie, either
that the Administration leaders are singularly obtuse,
orthat their (gross are wonderfully divided. To my
owolinowledge' they' hive' beep compelled to chose
their tactics three times within the last tweety.fzur
hours. The future Is hill of doubt, and the general 3p
ben.rOod'otniettere LS uncertain that I will liszertl np
oonJeothrei or ,speoulatlons as to the Presidency' "Or
epvernorshl9. SEMI-OCCASIONAL,
THE PRESS.-PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, MARCH 1, 1860.
THE LATEST NEWS
BY TELEGRAPH.
DEMOCRATIC STATE CONVENTION;
FUMY DAY'S PROCEEDINGS.
SPECIAL IiBPATOIt TO it TITO PAE93."]
READING, February 29,1860. •
It is almost eleven o'clook, and the Convention in as
sembling. The court-house, where the sessions are be
ing held, is really a magnificent building. I One the ad
jective magnificent with the reoolleotion of the dingy,
dreary, disagreeable, and disgraceful stecommodationg
affilded to the judges in Philadelphia. The room to four
three larger .than that need by the Court of Quarter
Passions. There are scats without the bar for about a
thousand speotators.. Within the bar the delegates are
isocommodated. The President oeoupies the seat of the
Judge, the table of the reporters extending down in front
of the judge's bonoh. Around this table are seated about
twenty reprosentativeg of the State preen, about one
half of whom are from Philadelphia. The orowd with
out the liar is very large.. I see among them a number
of familiar loom, both high and low in Democratic) sta.
Gnu. Robert Tyler has come out of hie occlusion, and
is circulating around among the delegates. John Ram
ilbm, Jr., ie actively engaged in ealoubsting the relative
channel', while Leans 0. Cassidy. Samuel J. Randall,
Dr. G. W. Nebinger, Richardson L. Wright, George G.
Thome, C. M. Donovan, Chas. W. Carrigan, Richard
Wm, 'William Mei% lin, Joshua T. Owen, William
B. Rankin, Wrn. McCandless, James F. Johnston, and
other Philadelphia politioiann, are busily engaged in
conversation in different parts of the ball. A large
number of old comes of the Evening Journal, contain
ing artiolee on Mr. Guthrie and the iron interest, are
here. Two boyi stand at the entrance of the hall, be-
Beaching people, as they enter, to take a copy.
While the olook wee striking eleven Mr, Robert Tyler.
Chairman of the State Committee, rime forward amid
great applauee and raid, the hour having arrived for the
meeting of the Convention. the Convention will please
come to order, and emceed to the transaetion of bull
1101106
Mr. McGrath. Mr. Cheirman—
Mr. Leech. I nominate George Nelson Mabee tem
porary- han of this Convention.
Mr. McGrath. I claim I had the floor. I nominate
Wm. P. Schell, of Bedford.
The Chairman. I recognize Mr. Leech.
Mr. Cessna. of Bedford., .proposed that. in order to
avoid disturbance and confusion, the Chairman appoint
two tellers to record the vivalimer votes for the eandt
dates.. (Avignon.] He supposed there would be no
° Ve Chairman. 'Mr. Leech, from Philadelphia, has
i i.rr e . d re c ci e eh. I wept Mr. Cessna's motion as an
amndment.
The molten of Mr. Cessna was &dented, and the Con
tontine propeeded to vote the
Chaired,
anoolnting
Leech, of Philadelphia, and Mr. Cesena. of Bedford,
toilers.'
Mr. eech, before calling the toll. cold lie had great
pleasure in arising to
t heeannou that hen. Reins, the
contestant of Mr. Vaux, in ea Philadelphia dis
trict, had withdrawn. Gen. Reilly wee only animeted.
by a desire to promote the harmony of the Demooratio
party.
M oire. No, no ; thaPs not so.
r. Leech. I know that it logo. (Applause. !speak
for General Reilly. If any one else has authority let
him be heard.
Mr. Vaux's name was fret called. He voted for Wil
liam P. Bone% tend great applause.
Mr. Loeoh. There are two-third, of thoite here not
delegates. I f they are permitted to create this confu
s itpd applaud at every vote, there will be no use of
ca ling the roll.
he Chairman. Gentlemen will desist from applaud
ing for obvious reasone. I hope delegates will remem
ber their positions end conduct themselves like decent
Demoorats. (Applause.]
When the name of Mr. Booth was called. he voted for
r aurldet.loh applause. Mr. &hell returned
the compliment by vo irig for Mr. Smith.
When the name Mn. Lseclt t of Allegheny, was
milled, a voice cried "Schell." This re sedia dirturb
nem several delegatei asserting that Mr. Lynch had
not voted, and that a frendulent vote wag oast. The
name was enlied rod Mr. Lynch did not vote. Mr.
Comma announced the names at alt the delegates who
were celled excepting those whose seats were contested.
'Much interest wee manifested during the Vote.
hrentrontery, of
_Northumberland. rose and said
that the had vcded for &Mall by mistake, and asked
to have it changed for zor. Smith.
The Chairman. The gentleman's request shall be
gr 'il te th
The airman announced that George N. Smith re
ceived sixty-eight votes, and William P. Schell fifty
eight.
Mr. Smith was conducted to the chair by Mr. &bell
amid great applause. After the applause bad subsided,
Mr. Smith said:
gentlemen of the Contention, and Fellow-eiti tens:
You will accept my grateful aoknowlerlements for the
distieguished honor you have conferred noon TIM in
geleeting too temporary chairmen of this Convention.
/ feel gamins' the oomph meet paid me. I emporiums
o the dignity and irylpdrlnnee of pre.positionou have
assigned me , and will endeaym to disethrge the duties
n ee t ilbr you faithfully. We are now on the toehold
of & nether fierce political °lmpel. and the duties de
viWort:i upon thle t.,•onveotion are o the first and highest
m a gn it u de. It i s un iy er ;:liv conceded that this will be
the moot important Convention icicle D•fitigtof&tle ,party_
eyer held In this Commonwealth, and oar .
vitt tie Waded with more than ordinary interest, on
account of the Momentous importanoe of the mumps
roots t. We have met to Waco in nomination a candi
date for the chief executive °hare of this Common
wealth. and for the purpose of seleetin delegates to the
National Democratio Convention at_charleston. which
Is to ,nominme a candidate for the Froradopoy, It la
therefore. to be hoped that there will be the utmost hat-
mony and unanimity on the part of the matcher, of Dm
Convention fapplaugol, and that a spirit of fraternal
Imo will characterize all our notiona
In our seed lion a oar:Mate for Governor. it is to
be hoped there will be breninated a candidate upon
whom every Democrat in the Buds can unite, end give
to him Mg cordial end enthusiastic suport; and that,
if any Democrat shall be disappointed In the man of his
choler), he will enter into the support of the nominee
with the genie enthusiasm that he would have mani
fested if his first preference had loser; chosen. (AD
p'ause.l No friend of the Union, no believer in the
principles of popular goverronfot. no loon who has the
interests and the prosikirity or the aounty ht heart, no
martin whose breast there flicker, a 'PRA" OfpfttflOtlßM.
can look upon the present condition of the Imam of the
genets) , with indifference. 'There is not en inditidual
in the Immediate o matter what his position may
the
whose interests will not be affected by tho
issue of the impending etniggle. The time in fait ap
proaching when the people of these Veiled States will
be called upon to oleo a Ihesident. and the earns party
wide)) atm - poled to elect a gectional_caridate InlB3B
are now endeaVorins to carry out the Imo sot In -which
they , were tVn rolled by the Haien
.Denstior.
The 'same assures. thja sante smelts the
the
came primp es are now OM up fir tempt ati tee
samehluk bannerpf din 94 /IF 111341fA 6 IS, be
TATVlrettlttgairers frlhelLtd.toMdll
not expect to receive _the vote of one of the slue
States; rod. forlituatelc l'or the country, fortunately for
our mogorti, for our Marty, and for our weltre, the
Demoorat trusty pf enosylvards repudiate him(
tapplatige ; and erughtd, for the time being, the mon
star-Opint of (snatch= whioh recientlY,. at Perm's
Ferry, presented ft practical illustration of the doe.
trines nr the Opposition parti L Tne• name of Republi ,
pan. which this new party A itil.top i ted, warmily an
in
to Pit n e. tt oty ° e r a pee; i t t o 7 b h y AVA
and , frir Tbq r alit luftie o guougs Stool/toe
to conquer an rot and move disgratep move
ment is to unite Ira any @lemma for the on e of se
curing the spoils. The thoosltlon to the' Dem.:mm:lY
never t
o ued bet by the aid of treachery. We have
again t battle with this the
foe ; we hive grain
to fight those traitors, (who corns toe. as the devil
on mc to Eve, Ind attractive form.ingsonst the violence
cif fanaticism and the tyeaolotry of orineplratent. Theo,
how trait the nemounty of barmeniode action on the
gars ef, is Convention: We must stand up In noble.
eolth emir fighting ender the emu banner and for
the me glorious cause--the proteption of our Interests
and the preservation of the' iton. 441114 thanking the
Convention for the d Wing mashed hoeor conferred upon
him, and renewing his intention to disoharge the duties
of hie pompon with equal justice to Atli Mr. Sandi MM.
01p4sl afoul great enplane°.
lir, Baker nominated Thornesß.SearlithAfFayette,
-.4secretary. Dr. J. Rouoh, Nelson Wiser, and Mr.
m, A. Galbraith were also nemtnnted. The whole
four were elected by aeobtmatlod.'
Mr. Conine. of Bedford, moved that the rules of the
Houge; of Itepregenftitlvell, as far ag pramicable, be
Adopted di retest:if the' Urftweetion. Agreed to.
The delegates ale l ed then presented their mien-
Dale, and were enrolled.
Mr. Vanunt. ofuoli, melted that when the Con
vention adjourn it be until three o'clock. Agreed to.
The Convention then proceeded to consider contested
seats.
Mr. McGrath. I hold in my band the 'certifier of
elitetion 1p Pe Third district of 411adelphis, end find
knowname maned untested on the list. would li eto
know who the contestant le, / have been waiting
patiently for an oppertunity to vote.
The Chairman. The gentleman from Philadelphia
asks for information.
Mr. Cessna. of Bedford. I move you. Mr. Chairman,
that them Conyention now proceed to consider the con
tested IMAM, le ppep Coeventron, in the order they have
been presented to oar
Mr. Leash. of Philadelphia. I have en amendment
The consideration of these own involven an amount o
trouble and a loss of time hardly to be conceived.
Propose that a committee of nine be appointed to con
sider these seats, and that the committee report qt the
afternoon session. As far as the Third distrtet of Phi
ladelphia. and the claims of Mr. McGrath to repre
sent it. are concerned. I. know something of the fame of
tee cue. and am willing to move that he be permitte
to take his sear,'
Mr. Cessna Waisted to this form of procedure. The
gentleman from Philadelphia Wished nave these
seats referred to a ocanreittee of nine. Be desired that
this Convention, in solemn nesion, 0_4,1 settle the
gyallficiationg of its own member
e. This committee
might report. bat yet the method et' ruching the eon
&emu of that report would have to be known to the
Corileution at leaf. The CloeVeetfOlt 19111 al MOW° of
judr the facts of the pudag pay pipe nom that
mold illy be delimited.
Mr. pooh said that all pf theee eoptestants, en both
sidee, were willing to go before a committee. with the
(Teflon of one. There wan an fimmenne amount of
la rto be done, and it could be best done by a emu
ni ttee.
r. Coma would comproff Ise the matter. When the
cues come up. and both parties wish to go to 4 commit
tee, he would consent.
My. Leech. I withdraw my motion, and consent to
the tompromice.
The motion of Mr. Cidiall4 was then unanimously
agreed to. •
if. Qsrerhout moved that a committee of nee from
each district be appointed to nonneate permanent of
ficers,
Mr. Cessna 'Maeda point of order that the business
before the Convention was the consideration of con
tested swan.
The Chair decided the point of order well taken, and
the Convention proceeded to consider the seats The
first seat was that of the Servitor's' representative from
Crawford. Mr. Domekluge made R e statement as well as
his contestant, after which the onvention admitted
him by a large maim' tr.
The Chairman said he hoped the officers and citizens
would extend some facilittim to the reportorial corps.
There should be Some chairs and stationery furembed.
Be wanted the reiresentatives of the press to have
every opportunity °lipreading thomeelvee, I.Applause
and laughter.'
se C tia r t i Or s ei t i fal7,Va n ct isiqi D r.
Thomasl
i admitted 'nes pre
t o the
Convention as, repreientati on from t Pita repro
sentattee district of Philadelphie.
m r. - velment moved to admit Dr. move e to the seat.
Mr. Cumming', of Seyder county, moved to amend by
admitting li l t:. Leisenrint.
Mr. Len hoped that there man would have a chance
to explain t sir pointions.
A mot i on to give them feu minute' each to explain
w iWr a .Z.V. t teisenrins addressed the Convention for
twenty-tiro minutes, although the rule prescribed but
4 10. Jones preeentedlus claims ag the delernte to the
contacted seat se a hrief speech, in which he detailed
the inmeelts connected with the late primary elections,
and intuit ed the control outraged by the Adm milt re
tine over t Democratic votpre of Philadelphia. lie
stated , that several delegates who had voted for him.
end who has been employed at the gas works. were re
moved, through the influence of the Administration, nn
as oust of eueh aotion, &notion aid applance.i
- Outsider. "It ain't co," Great confusion re
v led, amidst which an officer ideated the offender
against the dignity o r the Convention.
When Or. Joey' ten minutes had transpired, there
wore thud cries of kt Time sup. time 's up l"
The Chairman. Will the gentleman suspend hie re
mark; fore moment ) mamma that, es Mr. Lemon
ring, the other contestant, hes (recopied more than the
ender tune, the same co riper wilt be extended
Dr. ionise, apetee, and prick of "On on. go on."'
ler Dr. JQl2lO# 0110110 1 1 r 10111600, Mr. I etch
eat iwairthe op ini on o itindelphis delegation
tint r. Lehmerine wits anti led t his seat, and
ice e made a motion to that e
Mr. &mom, or Fulton. I move that Dr. Jones be en
titled to his seat. Great confusion, and cries of "
no. Quenon.' I
Mr. Vangant, of Puke, aaid that as he did not en.
derstand the Outten, ha moved that neither of the
gentlemen be entitled to, the seat, but that it be de.
(dared vacant. , •
' The Chairman, amid the confusion, not appearing to
understand Mr. Venzarice motion, went on to put the
motion of Mr. Penman.
Mr. Cessna. I can't allow that, Mr. Chairman, Tim
gentleman from Duke has made a motion, and has a
right to be entertained.
AIL Chairman. Ibe Auden of the gentleman from
Buck,. I did not hear his motion.
- The motion of Mr Sepeom was then put to the House,
and wee [Wit by Per far majority.
° The mor fl Mr, I,seett was adopted, alter a divl
tted to his seat.
, " 7:1 1 1..t i e h r. its :174 w aVer4.l i him idea pre oan -
nonce that the contestant the sent of Mr . McGrath;
et the Third distrit of Philadelphia, bad withdrawn
from the contest. Applause.] li e accord ingly moved
that Mr. McGrath e admitted to hie seat, v Inch was
agreed to tulanimonely.
At hal roast one o'olook the Convention' adjourned to
meet at three P. M.*
4FTERNOOif BEgfitON.
' T lo h e e k CP OW. 4l:l 2Orfirtronfa t i t r i garr, n n iti n egli t r i . "'
° Chairman. I will tooted now to appoint the
Committee on Permanent Oirnters, ernorthng to the
Tu r i ltidoGrath, of Philadelphia. That le not order,
soon.
Mr. Chairman. I think' you are beginning the thing too
_
Mi. Cessna. I raise the point of order that there is
nothing now before ti i onvention but the considera
tion of contested sea t
thoughthairman. Ithe _gentlemen's pardon. I
that arnotioato hat eireot had been passed at
tboroymng's session.
Kr. altallaLtrlnved that the chair now appoint
Comm ttitott Permanent Moots.
Ya lt a di ( irt hl a t ele?Oi r e . business before the coneep
two was thq oorideribt °pig this con t tes contested seat of trt•
"XlP."l,lfi l airinligirt.tem b egerith'eopt. Atmndsat
upon the election, and Went on to argue mat he was le.
gally eleeted. After•he:a n d t, : mp ono r l i u n d a c i d pia th q ui r
etatemen
he imid that headed Pardon of the Convention for de
Mining them ma he had Deeepompelled to do. He I. t
o th r i tet t i b e e ert e lz P e re ns le o n t e h d a t d h l e stelet. Whatever mitit h t be done
by this eloventi n, he hoped always o be found in t i r
ranks of t lell?ooratio party. All be could d e 5
would do. Ile ti of Philadelphiemid eleewhero, or
the sake of tits_ nionlhe Constltution, and or Demo
oratio party. H Woul not go to the belittle* Aliment
la Plan a Pletfella of d aetwd. He would ra es is voice
in an hem hie wee - , for eyed in an humb e way. He
was no publio speaker, he could go from man to
man, Hie voice would be eardin behalf of the nomi
nee and the resolution s 0 this Convention, whoever
and whatever they may be, and he claimed that the De
moaraoy of thedistrict that he ooneidered he properly
Mr, Randall worildilhgno nvd do t
announced lkew the c eeWs lu o s f i hie
J he trusts &bet the Convention would extend equal
Justice to Mr. °hasten and lomaelf.
Me. Johnoton IMMO a very brief statement to ly
before the Convention, but he would first make two ob
servations.,lie had not sake; any friene ol his to soli
cit the vetoeany delegate of this Conven t on. He pre
sumed that his °epode* had also refraine from such
notion, and they therefore, Were equal In that reepe•t.
If he had an y friends here who, on eersoual or politi cal found, would rather see him have a eat in this Con
vention, in preference to Mr. he would ask
tiny 0110, his nearest or dearest friend, not to vote for
him on &advent of personal feel nes after beerier his
statemeet if he would not do so under the rules of the
party. Me the proceeded to lay before the Convention
an Foment of the ease, already familiar to the reader'
of The Fressoind oonoluded tiysaying, in relation to
Mr. Randaills ternerks about seine to Altoona for the
Durpose of °retitle; discord, that he ad always been a
emocrat and hod alweys voted the full ticket which,
be might say, although oat in a spirit of unkindness,
I n i t i lg e g . tre r t 2 Oi t the l ni hi :rU P :n e ig n it c ?r u it2l d s o ii excite
ment throughout the large room. Tallies were kept of
the yeas and nays in every part of the house, The
clear and elrgeit reT r ia d rks t o t f" lig iv iohnston impressed
of every
Zlittatio it th eir en ' refus ed to to volr. " '), " iiio a c i r
speaker had conoluded, Mr. George westrington Baker
arose and moved that Mr Randall take his seat. This
was followed by Mr. McGrath moving that Johnston take
hie seat. When the vote wee announced, there were
loud blues from every part of the room, minrled with
appiatme. Mr. Johnston mote. and, bowing to the °hair
man, Lett the room. There were loud expressinns of
disapproval from all quarter., of the peop.etretinn of
what wee ommidered a great wrong. The drill of the
Administratiowtroopers woe too patient, and Johnston
was slaeghtered.—Rxrbtermi.)
On motion. the remainine contested seats, ,two in
number, from the Seventh Representative district. and
the Clearfield district, were submitted to a speolal tom
mA°o6Bhafili%pointed Imo Leech. John Cessna. S. K.
Calhoun. Edward Campbell. and J. S. Maitland.
Mr. Jehn F. ,Meane. of Bradford. moved that a com
mittee equal in number. to tne State Senators be ap
pointed by the chair, to select the permanent officers of
the Convention.
Mr. Haldeman, of Dauphin, moved to amend so that
the Convention should proceed to vote viva core for
Preeident. -
M Ceases, of Bedford. moved to amend the amend
meat by the committee being chosen by the Rawson
tatives typal the various Senatorial district,. Same
ilh'eentll4. Mr. e
St s tre s ig=it i e t i i ; Bead lh eie w r j es l ii i t "
Mr. Montgomery, of Washington. eddreesed the Con
vention, advocating the election of all the offioers in
open Convention.
?dr. Haldeman spoke in favor of his motion. Be re
ferred to the feeline of disapprobation expressed on
Mr. Johneton's election from the Convention. saying
that if he had known it would excite such Selingfie
would hove voted for him. This wag received with
loud &spinets and buzzes tor Johnston.
Mr. Cessna in a warm and animated speech advocated
his motion, and Indulged in severe allusions against the
powers that be, the National Adminietration anti
ire
friends, and wee interrupted with frequent bursts of
applause.
Mr. Plummer. of Yemenite, advocated the appoint-
Mirorals committee by the chair,
r. Gibson. of Allegheny, moved a poetillinement.
Ir,
tmegt schen, of Redford , spoke vehemently stalest the
Of llt t r a iilblyetnentieeperiPsy the e
kee l :a: l gal
(tolerates.
Mr. Beer. of Someiset. made an eptinated speech, and
was especially severe on the adherents pf the National
Administratien, They were wedged together not for
the benefit of the Democratic' narty k but to advance
their own berenial interests. Me eulogised the young
Elemoornoy. an warned the •otiloe.holderi that they
would , not be (Anted to. If these dictators were Ns.
timed to, the Demos
c oy might as well trail their flag in
the dust. The pe.r could not_zuoceed. If they listen
to the vela, of , e young Democracy , victory will
crown the efforts o the party.
Mr. Ed. Campbell. of Allegheny county, wanted the
contested seats settled, and then the vote for officers
enn is fallen elves von.
Mr. Wallach, of York county, favored it ° Vote in mien
Conveption.
Mr. einem' withdrew hie motion, and all three propo
sitions offered as eubetitetes fell.
Mr. Cessna moved that a vote be token viva yore for
president, and the chair appo int a committee of
three membem to choose t e other ch eers . Agree to.
Mr. Pelona then bentfinet d Thom . ..8 Cenningham,
of Beaver county..for presidenf the Convention.
Mr. Leech nominated lily. Wry. H. Welsh, or York
Cr 4g:l l Convention then proceeded to a vote, and Mr.
Welth_wits elected on the first ballot.
Mr. Welsh received 84
Mr. .....
On reotinn,
orderCevention then took a recess for ten
minutes, in to afford the Chair an opeertunity
toyiregare the committee to select the other officer,.
Onyeassembling, the Chair announced the committee
on other officers as follows:
Messrs. 0. J. James, Grime Schell, W. J. Bear, Z.
R. Heindel. P h il lips . oh J i lhn o S i e l ve h n, J . ohoth
8. ' se 110w
mow, lieiN,TßT,l,s4llutchins,
box. lifoherts, Samuel , andel, ward Mc-
Govern, F. A. Chadwiek, 0. W. Caseadoen, aini.r
shall, A. J. Delriek, W. IL Oessee. John F. Means,
Patriak Kerr, Meok. Robert Warden, J. J. Shat
igpely, J. M. Thomps_gn. J. B. Sausorn. Ifiram Kline,
U. Shannon. rt. A. Elliott, and R. Johnston.
'V i b e c ee reetlee then adjourned till eight o'clock this
The Conventlarl reaeserribled at eight o'clock. this
event
hit. eaten N. Smith, the temporary ohatrman, va
cated he chair and it was taken by lir. Welsh, the
perrodmint president.
Mr. Welsh addressed the Convention in a SPlseeh of
come length. Ile thanked the Convention for the honor
confetrod upon him, and pl•dged himself to perform
the dirties of the °lige with flumess.strictness. end im
partial ty, Invotterneard: harmony, and tinier! in
their delibelationg. thout .lightee th e. potenredings
would be marked with dieeord and disaiter: The fate
of the Tiemoorntio party is in the hand of the Conven
tion. Oil its action depends thtfitte of 'the party, for
weldor tOr action all person a asperities ne fr'Ket
ton; ell arty differences baniehed. Let the doe horn
the cIW. Let all keep OM to the music. of this Upton
and the Oonetitution. Nom iell.let tit All tith the flag
of the country around mood our last expiring cry be
for the Union and the Constitution! .
Mr. Welsh enno`utied his remarks amid deafening
shout. of !teatimes.. whloti were long•continued. The
akotoh very imperfectly conveys no Idea of its beauty
and eirtat.
Mr. Memo. from the onnimlttee to appoint additions
Psrinlment officers, reported the tollowmg list: •
Pica-r easipears.
Dislffeis. . 11/terrie_t,
1.-,-Phibidelphsa—l. W. X Iff.y.B.Montsomery
,Y. McGrath; 2, las, XII , . pbn B. Butler.l
• hieleiushlin ; 3. G. XV. min Amain.
W. Baker 1 .4. John XVI, Jacob Peters.
K. ()amble. ' XVII I . John
Danner.
IV . . , ti,l l 4ll 4a l ll . °l l t anae r. XVI.J. B , Banner.
X 1 . 3itenb resnrall,
I. yramaid Venzant. XI. I. R. rawford.
V. Itimininin Foyle , XX .J. K, slhoun.
V1..011 Filbert. XXI ..lohn ',Neal.
VII.-C. 21.F:trash, X XIIj. Jame; L Llnds e y.
Vq. ''..
P . 4VZIP:ad ." - xXN V: Po " . T. Rey no lds. .1%. o ' .. Turner. X xVI. w. 11. Reynolds.
XI. Charles Lyman. I XXVIII. Wal. Marmon.
XII. John 'l'. Borer. I X XVIII. K. 1,. Blood.
' Eton events'.
' I . Pl° VV. 7 tanlpv Woodward,
L. F. Barnes,
W17,4', A. Oalgitith, II C. Bide,
J. X. Roach. Wm. Patton,
I , :d ward Campbell, 1.8. al. Woodcock,
Iser e besot:, Pomo/ Rex. •
The report of the committee was adopted, and the
°diorite took their is on the platform.
The OPMIIIIttee on contested seats .reported In favor
or Robert 4. Wallace, of the Clearfield distriet, and ;Al
bert Lawrence, of the Seventh Repreeentetive diettiot.
Atioppd.
Mr. , Vanzent moved thet a oommithie of one from
'soli Concrees'onal distriot be appointed to choose dele
gates' to the Charlevoix Convention end Presidential
electers,.from each of the cud districts
Itr. COSIII3II moved the postponement of the motion
for the present, and supported his motion by a Pity re
marks
/ ?dr: Arnold Planter opposed the Postponement. and
favored the appointment of delegates to the Charleston
Convention nod °Motors by the uhair.
Mr: Montromery favored the appointment of dole
cites and Mentors lir a committee of theelegates,
(one from each Conerenional district I. to Ude Conven
tion, themselves. directly. It. regarded this as the
most iinportantq u esti on that could be presented. and
should be settled first. If the candidate for Governor
is selected first. the Convention may be protracted.
there Is a diversity of opinion on the merits of diffe
rent candidates. end the contest may run into to-mor
rew. ; Many of the delegates may be obliged to leave.
and the most Important business would I hen be left to a
minority. He word the immediate selection of (he
delegates to the National Convention and electors by
the several delegates from eaoh Conaresinonal distriet.
Mr. Cowie tr Pauli ew h's motion to postpone.
Mr. Schell, of the Nineteenth flenatorial 4istrigt,
moved to amend the motion of Mr. Vangant, that the
Convention elect, viva gore • four delegates to the
Charleston Convennen. and two elector! at 'large
and the delegates from emelt Corigresalonal'distrint so.
lest • deleted& to the Charleston Convention, and one
elector for the said district.
Mr &aright. or Feyetto, moved en amendment that
the delegates and elec tors be selected by a oommittee to
be appointed by the Chair.
Mr. Schell opposed the motion warmly end earnestly.
Mr. &aright advocated his motion to an earnest
speech.
Mr. Vault, of Philadelphia. spoke at length and ably
is favor of Mr. Pollen'. motion.
. .
Mr Plumer .
wished the delegates from each Con
messional district to choose a committee, consisting of
ose from each district to report a list of delegates to the
iVetionel ronvention, and electore, the cold list to he
en eat to the approval or rejection of the Coneention.
Mr. Hal fevered the eleotioe cd the National
delegates end eleotorx by the deleg4tee troth eaph Con
gressional district.
Mr. 'Miming.. of Snyder, made an amusing enamel,
ccnvolsing the House with frequent bursts of lase ter.
!twee not clearly undemood 'ohm side he favored.
Mr. North, of Lancaster, dims/m.4 the question of
the next Preeddency, and expressed a preference for
Aim 0. Breekinridge.
When the name of Breeldpridge vas mentioned, It
mg resolved with thunder. of applause.
),Ind say deprecated the introduction of the Pre-'
Meet's] Question as being entirely out of place. The
pending question had nothing to do with it. Re was th
War of allowing the delegat e s from eaoh mum
district to select their own delegates to the Oherleston
Convention end Presidential qleolami and pppoeed to
their appointment be a ocitninittee.
Tell speech was followed by lqng end loud cries of
" gi le t, ' ' "
e meant announced that the question was on the
amendment of Mr.&aright. for the appoiniment, by
tie Chair, of a committee of one fmm each Consres
no al
g it t l i s e t s lp o t n to , :teingle l f u e t tes and electors.
, and the Presidentan
neuneed that it wax not agreed to.
Mr. Cummings and others demanding theyeas and
tom the President withdrew his decision and ordered
the •eas end neje
The vote stood yeas 40, nays 91, and the amendment
tit lost.
The announcement of this result elicited great By
lines..
The question nazi pending was mtamendment by Mr,
that the ratione Meat four delegates to this
aganeleston Convention, and two elector qt large, and
tiat thp delegatee of each Cosy ntr esinonal district geleot
ten delegates and one gleoter r thenwelews.
Mr. Plumer moved to amend; by requirina the 040-
Una from the Congressional &stun; to be suleacit to
tie Convention. Not sitreed to.
Mr. achell's amendment was then adapted. and the
resolution. as amended, agreed to, the result being re
ceived with tremendous cheering.
Mr. Pohell then moi sit that nominetione be made
for candidates for the Charleston delegation at large.
This wee agreed to, and the following names put In
I. Daw s o n
of
Montgomery, ot Wnshinetont,John
Dawson. of Fayette; Josiah "Andall.Riohnrd VntlX,
Joseph Il Baker, nod John Bobbins, of Philadelphia •
Arnold Phinonor, of Vowing° ; George M. Kelm, o
Barks IL B. Wright, of Lezerne; James Bill,
Franklin; and Wm. Bigler, of Clearfield Brodhead, o
fitrthA rtiptoo , David R. porter, of Daup h in ; and Hen
ry D. Fester, of Weetmorel and•
des motion, the Conventionpmeeeded to vote tiro
receiffeeh deilignte voting for pore candidates. On the
foga ballot L 93 votes were oast. Necessary to an oleo-
Biglerand John L. Dawson were elect
ed
The crime; of Moire. Robbins, Brodhead, Bill, Far
lm, Mendell, and Foster were withdrawn.
litiourned.
TIM VOOO ON TUB RANDALL AND JORNNTON CON.
TDSTDD SDAVI.
Pon 1001E4 F. JOHNIITON W
1. 111. t . leer, A.
s„Llaro, Upian F Barrie. T. P. Blair. J . rattail,
R.R. Br rang , A:G. Brodhead, 'Jelin t" . Brain. J. R.
Oil bona. Joan imllioun, John Cassm. ohn Cessna.
/mirth Cole. J. R. Crawford, Thos. Cunningham,. Joel B.
Diner, D. V. Comokson, Nathan A. t Blett, Bolimion
Feather, Benj. Fogel,Jam K. Gamble, it. Ger
hard. A. J. Gerritson, Ephraim W. 11 amlin, John T.
Boy J er Chu. Johnson. Robert L. Johnsoh, 11. N.
ames b Marshall.
David Lynch, William V. Aro-
RarOnel J. F. Moans, bumf Meek,
DevlJd 11 Monigomers, Win. MontgoinerY, Henry F.
Mott, Vincent Phelps. John Furman. J. K Raub, Joseph
Rix, Wm. H. Reynolds, David V. Rowe. James D.
Butner,
j i l rn k j l; B. 4gule r it Y t
V il le ' I X
OTh? W d " e t m dak , E.
Tager—rte.
OR BAIIIIIHL 12A 4114L—h1048111. /01111 Apple. goo.
. Baker,Larayette Valor, lionedY lerirga
lbwynan, Fdw m
rd Caabell. Jr., Francis A. ha Moir.
Jtoob Cromwell. Joh_n Cummings, Thomas al y. A. J.
Distrioh.Chajles W Vsser. C Eyans, Eli Filbert,
Tao+ Franc, ohn /William A. Golbratth,
I.V.IIIaT ) R. emcee. JAlru , A. ?PP A . Joh ° ui l fil l^l ,
. P. l° 2l3 e a r ria j h er irr l ne hh l. a ft:gr.t. l l o o 4 lll l er:
Irjohnnilluroldns. El C. 4.10. Reuben Kel.er, Wllliam
Kukndden, Isaac Leech, 1 Jul Leidy. Charles M. Lei
paring, Chance D. Lyman,Edwayd McGovern, James
thatigh i le, I f M i tquith, WlO. 0, o muitiami,
r:11.14 , RY:4: 4 D. '"}"
oje. n ohn
Arnol d
r o, r 'D i lt n n i ll/lh li 317 1 :1 1 111;111 ° 1 11 .%ofi n di,
A.K. Scholl, home U. Bearight,Ceorgo Barnum
11.bbanya,Nyei b l i we Nhernian.
Zh a tNlS ° r 'i d e , D ht 2 V/ :tiB h e r r
' NI, 1 1 1,i r dr
Wiser, Bt4nto T ..W 000.74111-41.
• Later Wont the Ma Grande.
NVA , OaraAN. February IM — The .te 6 MuhiP Art"
zpan, from the Brim., has arrived with 3ICOOIV in
specie.
The Rangers, under oommand of Tobin nod Tomlin
mom had returned home, having beendiebended,
Warne , continues in poseession cf the re ht tpuk (if
die Hie Grande, end committing depredations an
'l'eses, Captain &enema's cavalry and Captain
Fowles' Bangers are guarding the border to the extent'
of their War.
XXXVITII CONGRESS.-FIRST SESSION.
U. 8, CAPITOL, Washington, Feb. 22
SENATE.
The galleries of the Senate are densely crowded by
persons anxtous to hear the expected speech of Senator
Seward. i
The inniltd minor) bill was reported, and p.assed.
Mr, OWIN,of California, reported the military aca
demy bill without amendment. it was lard aside.
Mr. GRIMES, of lowa, offered a resolution that the
Secretary of the Navy inform the Ssosite of the num
ber of marine hospitals, and the number ofd
atients. to
gether with the amount of expenses incurred in sustain,
Inc them woos 1834. Adopted.
Mr. DOOLITTLE. of Wisconsin, presented a petition
that the Poet Office Donartment be made free.
Mr. TRUMBULL offered a resolution that the Secre
tary of the Treasury oommunicate the statement of the
revenue from each eolleotion dietriot from 1864 to 1839.
Mr. WAGON, of Malsachugetts, presented the me
morial of the merchants and underwriters of Roston for
a steam mail twice a month between Charleston and
Ken West. and Cuba
Mr. SKWARD. of New York, moved that the bill for
the admission of Kansan be put on seam! renting.
Carried.
By consent. Mr. MASON, of 'Virginia, offered a rem
lution that the President communicate any communioa
bon received from the Governor of Texas relative to
the disturbances an the Rio Grande. adopted.
My. SHWARD then presented the memorial of the
Tasneature of Kansas, praying for admission into the
Union.
"Nrr. - AVV7A RD then spoke as follower
Mr. President, the admission of Nazism into the
Union, without further delay, seems to me equally ne
oesintry.Just, and wise. In recorded debates I have al
ready anticipated the arguments for this conclusion.
In coming forward among the political aetrolozere, It
shall he an error oftedgreent, and not of disposition. if
my interpretation of the feverish d reams whinh th a n e turbine the country ehall tend to (fluent, ratherto
allay. the national excitement. I shall say nothing un
neeesurily of venoms, because, in our system, the pub
ito welfare and Kapp near depend chiefly on inst i tutions,
and very little on men. I shall allude but briefly to in•
tridental topics. bemuse they are ephemerel, and be
cause, even in the midst of appeals to passion and me
indica, it is always cafe to submit solid truth to the de
liberate consideration of an honest and enlightened peo
ple.
' It will be an overflowing source of shame, ne well as
sorrow, if we thirty millions—Europeans be extorction,
Americans by birth or discipline, and Christians In
faith, and meaning to be such inpractioe— cannot so
combine prudence with humanity in our conduct con
cerning the one dieturbing subject of cupric. as not
only to preserve our unequalled institutions of freedom,
but also to tinkly their benefits with contentment and
humene.
Wherever a genie** slave exists, be he Caucasian,
American. Malay, or African, he is the subject of two
distinct and °Rumple Ideas—one *het he is wrongly, the
other that he is richtly s slave. The balance of mint
ier, on either side, however greet. never completely
extinguishes this difference of opinion ; for there are
always some defenders of slavery outside, even if there
are none inside, of a free State. while. also there are
always outside. if there in not ineideof every stave
State many who assert. with Milton, !het "no man
who knows aught can be so stupid as to deny that all
men naturally were born free. being the mete and re
semblance of God himself, and were by privilege above
all the creatures, born to command, and not to obey,"
It often, partitive generally. helmets. Mortimer, that in
considering the entitled of slavery' sonar penis to
overlent the natural right °epergne' Interest nf thoraxes
himself, and to ant exclusively for the welf.re of the
citizen. But thin feet does not me terially elf,. ettetimate
results, for the elementary question of the rightfulness
or wrongfulness of slavery inheres in every form that
discusgton concerning it earemes. What is just to one
class nfi men can never be interim's to any other; and
what is unjust to any condition of persons to &Stateis
neoessaeily injurious, In tome degree, to the whole
oommunity. An economical question early arises out of
the subject of slavery. Labor, either of freemen or of
slaves, is the cardinal necessity of societ y. Borne States
choose the one kind, some the other, Hence two mu
nicipal systems. widely different, arise. The 'lave State
strikes down and ,fronts to extinguish the parent. husband. chit . neighbor, pensnnality
as e. h
of the laborer, not only ag a member n i c the political
body. but also abor, or
friend. :Ile thus becomes, in a politica view, merely
Broady. nitheut mend capacity, and without domestic.
moral. and social relations, duties, rights, and remedies
--a chattel, an object of bargain. sale. gift , inheri
tance. or theft. Hie earnings us compensated and
his women atoned , not to himeelf, but to .his owner.
The state protects not the slave as a man. but
the capital of another man. which he represents.
On the other hand, the State which rotate slavery
encourages end animates and invieoratee the laborer.
by mai Mamie g and developing hie natural pus, polity
in all the riddle and faculties of manhood. and gene
rally with the privdeass of oltisasship. In the one
mine. capital invested in Piave, becomes a great politi
cal force. while in the other. labor. thus elevated end
enfranchised, becomes the dominating political pewee.
It thus happens that we may. tor convenience sake,
and not Inaccurately, call slave States capital States,
and free States labor States.
So soon as a F eate feels the impulees of commerce, or
enterprise,or embl i tion, its Mogen, twin tn study the
effects othese or ternsef catutel and lebor respeo
tiveloon its intelligence . its virtue, Ile tranquillity. it.
futurity or unite. its defence, its prosperity, lie liberty,
its happiness. its riegrandizement, and its fame. In
other words, the great question arise/. whether slavery
le a moral, social. and political good. ore moral. levie.
and political evil. This Is the slavery question at
home. But there is a mutual bond of amity and
brotherhood between man and man throughout the
world. Nations examine freely the political sys
tems of each other, and of all preceding time.,
and aocordingly as they approve or disapprove of the
two Interne of cattail and labor respectively, they
sanction and prosecute, pr condemn one prohibit. com
merce in men. Than. in one way one another. the
slavery tniention. which go meny Among 04 who are more
willing to rule than be pritient in strop= the condi-
G
ene of society, think it a merely accidental or mon
o...nu question that might and ought to be settled, and
dismissed at once, is, on the contrary, a world-wide and
enduring subject of petition! c Rigida ration and civil ad
ministration. Men, States, and nations entertain it,
not voluntarily, bet because the progress of society eon
element brines it into their way. They divide upon it,
not perversely, bitt beafluse t owint to differences of con
stitution, condition, or circumstances, they cannot
agree.
The fathers of the republic) encentitered it, They
even nitiuste4 it so that it might a re given us mush
less then our ' decent disquiet, b not circumstances
afterwards occurred which they . its as they were,
hitti not clearly foreseen. Although they dad in•
periled, yet they generally condemned the mac re
of slavery. and hoped for its discontinusnee. T ey
expressed - the when they mister lo , lhe Peelg ration
or Initeetideepeb ' ear a flieclaMen I 'principle of
Ameri au sometY. Gat all Wien are created Weal.
and have inalienable rights hi life, liberty. and the
Pursuit of happiness. E ach Stele, bolftverr A"'
served to itself exclusive Polleel plf DOM his
subject of plainer within Its ern ers. sever
thoiese. it linareidahle prespate its / fin their ton
-
imitations on a bond of Ooderill nape. wk. 7,;‘, — '
Government wee to be a feeteseroot ;re one si e ve s ,
were capital in some etktes, in ethers capital had
dentedestreente in labor. Should those slaveette repre
as capital pr ea tenons, taxed as capital or as
persons, et shouldlligy net represented or Mud at
ell/ Th a ia t;iisuiesgreed, debated long, and compro
mised at last. Each Stnte, leer deternilne4, shallaeve
two Senators' in Oonuess 't brae bf the illtves
shall be elsewhere represented and be taxed as persons.
What should be done if the slave should escape into a
labor State' Should that State confess him to be a An
tal and restore hint as such, or miglit It regard loin as a
Penton, and huller and retreat him an a man? They
emerge lied again. and decided that no person 1
gl
1 , 1 to
1111 13 . or service in one State, by the laws
u thereo f , -
ue lc into &nether , shall by any law or rnlet on of
that tate he discharged from eagle Itsbor or service, but
shall be delivered up on claim to the person to whom
such Moe or set viCe shall be due.
..Free laborers would immigrate, end slaves might be
imported into the State,. The fathers agreed that Coa
lman may establish ordibmi laws of naturalisation. and
it might prohibit the imeortetion of persons after we.
Communities in the Southwest, detached from the South
ern Stites were prestie up in the practice of slavery,
to be united State,. N ew States world soon now gp in
the Northwest, while at yet capital stood aloof, and la
bor had nut lifted the exe to begin there its endless but
beneficent task. Ibe fathers asthortzed Congress to
male all needful rules and regulations concerning the
management and disparage of the imbibe lands. and to
admit new Statna So the Constitution, while it does
not &stub or taut the system of capital in slaves, sa
nding In any State under its own laws, dean, at the same
time. recognise evere_human being, when within any
soelneive sphere of Federal Inriediotion, not es capital
but as a person.
What wee the suttee of the fathers in Congress ?
Theo admitted theew States of the Southwest as mei-.
tal &Mee, beogise t wee practically Impossible to do
°therein, and by t e ordinance of 1781, oonOrteed In
Heil. they provided or the orcanteatfon end adoneeloo
Of only labor States in the / Northwest . They directed
fugitives from service to be restored not as chattels, but
as perigee. They awarded naturalization to immigrant
free leberers, and they prohibited the trace in African
tabor., This dispositiop of th e whole eubjeet wattle heir.
ninny with the condition o society. end ai
. in the man,
with the spirit of the are . he seven Northern States
eeptepteely became labor States by their . own oars.
Thu six Southern States, with equal traueillityy. and by
their own determination. remained capital lamas ~
The ot merest-moue which the fathers did not clear' T
foresee were two. :tamely: there invisoratirm of slavery
oonleauent on the Increased ono gumption of cotton, and
the extension Oat national doutain MM. the MM. is
stool t and these occurred before 1810. The State of
Lem sane, formed on a elaveholding Frances settlement,
' within the newts-acquired Ileuisiturien territory, had
then already been admitted Into the Union. Thereyet
remained however , / vast region , which Included Ar
henna and Miseourt together with the then unoeoupied
and even unnamed Kansas and Nelneska. Arkansie, a
I a avehelding community, was nearly read! foe ily, and
Missouri, another math Teeri*ry , wee aoeal apply
ing for admission hitcl the Federal Union. he en
itting capital Shiites seconded these aptiliestions.
and claimed that the shale Louisianian terri
tory was rightfully open to eleven, and tr. the
/W
°repenton of future slue States :I he labor Stares
maintained that Comers had supreme legislative pow
er within the domain. end could and ought ro exclude sla
ver, there. il he question thus permed was one welch
related not at all to slavery In the existing capital States.
It wee purely. mid simply a national question whether
the common' interest or the whole reeubile required
that Arkansas. Missouri. Kum.. anA Nebraska should
become capital States. with all the evils and dangers of
slavery. or be labor P orten. with all she security, bene
fits, end blessings of freedom. On the decision was sus
pended the question as was thought. *Wither uiti
irately the interior of this new centinent should be itp
asylum for the oOnreelieft and the exile. corning sear
Mier year. and ego after an, voluntarily Dom every
other civilized and, as well as for the children of ma
fortune in tier own. or wnether. through the renew.' of
the African slave trade, those magn.noent end luxuriant
regions should lie surrendered to the control of recital,
wringing out the finite of the earth through the Im
poverishing mil of negro slave& That guestion of 1820
was Identically the question or redo. so far ea principle.
and even the held of its applicaume. was concerned.
room element of the mitre any now present entered
It then ; the rightfuineu or the wrongfulness o: slavery i
its aeons present and future I the constitutinnel mei
thority of Congress t the claims of tee States, and of
their citizen t the nature of the Federal Croon, whether
It is a compact between the 8. Rtes. or an independent
Government ; the smug of its power,, and the hee
ler/re men their s ouse idr. All these were discussed
with teal end abijity which hare never been surpassed.
istory tells us. I know not how truly, that the Union
reeled under the vehemence of that great debate.
Patriotiem took emote! from prudenoe. and enforced a
settlement which has proved to he not a Anal one' and
which. as is now seen, practically left open all the
great political issue. whieh were involved. Mestere
la "..11 ,t a h n i s n ag . d were e a admitted
t ° a u ! capital tr r a t::: s 6 ;ri t , h y i e le t
comprehensive field of Kansas Add Nebraska.
Nnw, when tbeyresent conditions of the various parte
of the Louisinman territory are observed, and we see
that cepital mains undeputed possession of what it
then obtained, while labor is onnyulaine the oountry
with go hard end so protone ed a st ruzg le tomato the lust
equivalent whioh was then guarantied to it under our.
emanates of so greet glemnite: we may Weil defers
not to be undeceived if the Mauer' compro m ise was
indeed unneeeesarlir Recopied by the free States, inh
umed by e teecerettiont of the claimers of disunion. The
Itlig/CUrt debate diseloged Uwe of great moment for
ulterior nn
i
" First. T at it is easy to combine the capital States in
dem, ei even external intimate, while it is hard to
elite tke abor States in a common policy.
soond. That the labor States have a Piave
loyalty
to the Union, while the capital Styles have a natant/
facility for Manning that ' loya lty by threatening die
"RAO That the capital States do not emetically dis
tinguish 'between legitimate and constitutional resist
ance to the extension of slavery in the common Terri
tories of the Union and unoonetstutional negreeston
azalnet slavery established by local laws in the capital
Mateo
.
The early political parties were organized without re
ference to slavery. hut since 1850. Europeanquestions
have left us practically urinous:nod. There has been
a great Moreau of Invention. mining, manufacture.
sell cultivation. Steam on land and ou water has
quickened commerce. The mese and the telegraph
have attained prodiginue activity, and the social inter
course between the States and their citizens has been
immeasurably increased, and. consequently, their mu
tual relations 'greeting slavery have been for miter
years subjects of earnest and often excited disouasion,
It Is in my War only to show how such dispute' have
operated on the course or political events—not to
reoneri them for argument here. There was a slave
insurrection in Virginia, Virrinia and Kentucky
debated, and, to the great sorrow of this ftde Motet,
rejected the system of voluntary labor. The Colonisa
tion society was establiehed with much favor in the
capital States. Einanometioo sometime arose in the
free litmus. South Carolina instituted promisdiege to
nullify obnoxious Federal revenue laws. The capital
States complained of courts and Leglslaturee in the la
bor States for interpreting the constitutional provision
for the stoirenrier of fugitives from service, so as to
treat them as persons. and not property and they dis
uninitiated against colored person. of the labor States
when they mum to the capital State,. 1 hey denied, iii
Congress, the right of petition i, and embarrassed or
denied freedom of debate on t e subject of slavery.
Presses which undertook the de mice of the labor sys
tem in the capital States were suppressed by violence.
and eventn the labor Matta public aasemblies, convened
to ;onside f slavery questions were duipereed by RION
elpaMieing with the candid States.
ha Whig party, hem generally an opposition party,
lr ebbed soma forbearance towelid the telemeter labor.
imp plemopratia party, not without demonstrations of
twat, was generally found sustaining the policy of
capital. A disposition towards the removal of slavery
from the presence of the National Capitol appeared in
11 , 10 latriet of Columbia. Mr, Van Kiiren, a Democratic
y lis t en t, jeimphyd prospective veto against the u
rutinated measure. A Democratic Congress brought
exits into the gluon., stipulating practically for tie
ure reorganization in lour slave States , hlenico
wee lammed. War ensued. The labor Stelae asked
that the Mexican lily of line*, Which covered
the Territories orogen, In by the treaty n of peace,
{ plat r emain mid 15e oanfirmed. The einocratio
petty refused, The Mtseourl debate of 1820 recurred
now. under circumstance, of heat and elegem eat, is
relation to thee° nonqueste. The defeeders labor
look alarm lent the number of new capital States might
become so great se to enable that blase of States to dic
tate the whole policy of the (government; and in case
or constitutional resistance. then to corm a Dew slevja
holding Confederacy around the ay of Mex eo. By
se
this time the capital States em to have become
fixed in a determination that the Fe oral Government,
and even the labor States, should recognimi their slaves,
though outside of the slave States and within the Ter
ritories of the United Motu. at VOMIT of which the
muter (mull not t „ any Way or by my aothority di
vested ;en the la f elesstsS ; Wools lucerne now more
essentially democrats' than ever afore, by the meet
development of free labor. more rmly than ever in
silted on tbe itonstitutionaliketrine that slaves volun
tarily carried by truer masters into the common Terri
tories or into labor Sttall, are wimp, men :
Under the ouspte'ints marginate' of a Whig mum,
Gatiforrilh en 4 heir It eppeareo before cortereee
as labor States. The capital States refused to consent
to thei r admission into the:Union and again threats ot
disunion carried terJer and. appsterniqon throughout
the land. Another nom promise WagMM
actments admitted California btrOf ' State and re
minded New Ataxic(' and Utsh to remain Territories.
with the tit ht to chigoe freedom or slavery when ripened
lionof May gave 00W remedies for the recap
on.of fugitives from canner, acid abolished the open
slaver - lark et, to the District or Columbia. These new
enaotmenteaollsted with the existing statutes —namely.
the ordinanta of 1187, the Bilinear; :prittlibitorT law
0(1811, and the &rendes or Texan annexation--disposed
by law of the gubjeot of slavery In all - the, Territories of
the United Hates. And so the rompromuie of : 185D was
pronounced a fall, final, absolute. and comershemiive
settlement of allexisting and all possible disputes con
cerning slavery under the Feeer •i uthority. The two
great parties, fearful for the Union, struck hands in
mean ie and in 'presenting this as an adjustment. never
afterwards to be opened. disturbed. or even questioned,
and the people accepted it by majorities unknown be
fore, The new President,' chosen over an illustriong
rival, maquivocally on the ground of greater ability,
even i f not more reliable mimeo, TO tmtuntaln the new
treaty inviolate, made haste to justify this expectation
when Congress assembled. , Hound:
" When the Freya shall have closed over all who ire
now endeavoring to meet the obligations of duty, the
year 1850 will be recurred to to a period filled wills anxi
ety 'and a_pprehension. A successful war had just
terminated: peace brought with it a great augmenta
tion of terntory. Disturb ing questions arose, bearing
upon th e . domestic ins • itutums of a portion of the Con
federacy, and involving the constitutional rights of
the States. Rut. notwithstanding differences of opinion
and sentiment in relation to details and !pacific provi
sions. there quiegeenee of distinguished citizens, whore
devotion to the Union can never he doubted. hes given
renewed Vigor to our it atitationtri and restored s sense
of security and remiser
re
the public mind throughout
the Confederacy. That t is pose fe to suffer no shock
during my official term. I have the power to avert it,
those whoplaced me here may be aggared."
Hardie, however, had them Inspiring sound, died
away, throughout a reassared and delighted laud, befell ,
the national repose was shocked again; shocked. in
deed, as it had never before been, end emitten this time
by a blow from the very hand that ending released the
chords of the national harp from their utterance of that
exalted symphony of peace. Kansas and Nebraska. the
ling-devoted reservation of labor and freedom, saved
in the agony of national fear in 1820. and saved again in
the panic of lone, were now to be opened by Con
gress, that the never-ending course of seed time and
harvest might begin. The slave capitalists of
Millicnt. from their own well-assured homes on the
eastern bangs of their noble river, I 'eked down
upon and coveted the fertile prairies of Kansas:while
a sudden terror ran through all the capital States.
when they saw a seeming, certainty, that at hat a new
labor State would be built on their western border,
inevitably fraught, es they wild. with a near or remote
abolition of slavery. What could be donee Cone ass
cou'd hardly be expected to intervene di teat!! for their
safety so soon after the Compromise of 1850. The labor
hive of the free States was distant, the way new, un
known. mid not without peril,. Missouri wee near and
watchful, and held the keys of the gates of Kansas. She
might seize the new end smiling territory by surprise.
if only Congress would remove the beagler established
in 1820. The ooniaticture was favorable. Clay and
Webster. the dirt.nnuMbed citizens whose unquestion
able devotion to the Union was manifested by their SO
quiescence fit the Compromise of ISM: had gone down
into their honored groves. The labor States had dis
missed ninny of th- a Representatives here for too
great fidelity to freedom, and too great distrust of th•
efficacy of that new bond of penes, and bed replaced
them with partisans who were only timid, but not un
willing.
The Democratic President and Congress hesitated,
but not lonic. They revised the last • resit compamae.
and mind. with dediubted surrinse, that it was so far
from confirming the law of freedom of 1821 that. on the
other hand it exactly provided for the abroestioe
that venerated statute; nay. that the compromise itself
actually tilted the spirit of the Missouri law. and de
volved on Centres, the duty of removing the lifeless let
ter front the national code. The deed was done. The
new enaetment not only repealed the Millman prohibi
tion of slavery, bupp. it pronounced the Pealtle of Ramat
and Nebraska perfectly free to establish freedom or
slavery, end pleired Congress to admit them in due
time as Statei either of capital or of labor, into the
Union. The hit representatives of the capital metes.
in nn cur o strange bewilderment, concurred, and
the Whig party instantly went down, never to rise
again. Demecram seceded, and stood aloof; the
country was confounded and, amid the perplexities of
this hour, a Repubboan Pads was seen gathenng itself
together, with touch earnestness , bat with little show
of orranization, to regime, if it were not now too
late, the reuse or freedom and labor. so unexpectedly
and grievously imperiled in the Territories of the
United States.
I will not linger over the *equal. The popular gover
ment! of Kansas proved to he the State eaveraienty of
Missouri. not only in the persona o f the rulers. hut even
in the letter of an etrialmary andrne! code. The per
fect freedom pros'ed to be a hatefu l and intolerable bond
tae. From 1850 to 1889 Kamm. sustained and enema.
taged only by the Republican party. has been encased in
aumessive and ever-vsrying struggles, which have
taxed all her Tailoe wisdom, motaratlon, enemies, and
resources. and often even her physical strength and
martin! emotes, to save hermit( from being betrayed
!MO the Union se s slave State. Nebraska. thong
Choosing freedom , is, through the direct exercise
the Executive mower, overtidine_her own will. he
as a slave Territory ; and New Mexico has telatiled
voluntarily into the preen°e of slavery, from w•ich
she had redeemed herself while she yet remained a
part of the Mexican republic. Meantime the Demo_
cystic party, advancing from the ground of popular
sovereignty as far es that ground is from the ordi.
"sore of 1787. now stands op the Kelton, that both
Territorial Governments 1114 COni(Plia are UICOMPI.
tent to legislate amnia slavery in the Territones,
white they are not onlf antopetent. but. are obliged,
is
when it necessary,
there... - I° -8 1 4, 6- 0 114 protection
In this new end °stream position the Dernocratio
Party now walks itself behind the battery of the BEI-
P(eme anitrt. se if it were poseltde true constreobon
or the Constitution. that the power of deciding prim tt
milli forever between freedom and slavery in a portion
of the continent far exceeding all that is yet organized,
should be renounced by Congress, which alone posses
see any legislative anchorite. and should be assumed
and'exereised by a court which can anis , take coin'
mince of the great question oollstetep. le. e Pri
vate action between individuels , ea lemon ac
tion the constitution will not suffer the court to
entertain, 1f it involves twenty dollars of money. with-
Mit
thenVemiling intervention of entry of twelve good
And ill moo of. the neisiaborhoW„ where the
lion arises ' The Indeundeat.aver-renuted,andever
recurrieg representative Parlolment. Diet, Congress,
or Legighttareol the ens chief , paramount, essential,
indispenvinla institntion in a remilihn. Even liberty,
suanurned In Organic law, yet if it be held by other
tenure than the soaks(' ke care of such a reeteaentative
annular assembly, id but PPicaZifitunnutnitamlllda while
slavers, enforced by eh Irrespoolneletedicial tribunal,
is the completes; noun bit development of dempottem.
Mr. President, din ever the annal any fiovem
ment show atSlOre
. juid ne . more nitiferleteneurture
famott4 wis d om eslia vio'n o f its foundeis ? ever
u,Otiarvi—
..L- • ..rnent of a great empire, founded on the
of human labor, elide away so fast end so tag, and
Moor itself so tenaciously on the barite of naeital , end
that capital invested in laboring men f Did ever a free
representative latislature, invested with powers so
great, and with the guardianship of right, so important.
of trusts so sacred, of interests la preedous. std of
Nowa gnu ennoble end so comprehensive,rnerender
and renounce them ill so ntitterieesarily, so unwise,.
so Wally. and so Ingloriously? If It be true. as every
instinct of one nature, aed every Dumont of polttioal
expenenee teaches us, that
•• ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey.
Where wealth accumulate* and men denim."
then whe any Ireland. tn Ride, roland„or in Hun
gary, hag ruler prepared ,for a gentnars end oen
go ins panels disappointments. digesters and calamities
equal to those which the Government of the United
States holds now_enspended over so large a porAlon cif
the continent of North America? •
of the United States in t he
_ eiztrttof , thli poli
cy, snbverted the fees remtblio of Hiearatian. and °pel
ed it totters's - , and the African slave tong*: and held It
Di that condition waiting annexation talkie United
States, until its sovereignty was rent , red -bs a onnibt
na'ion of sister republics exposed bathe same &near.
cud apprehensive ampule/ subversion. °time eitigua
re-opehed thoforelgn slave trade in violation of Onir
lawn and treaties ; arid. agar atiliPetialati °Mat
fill train for fifty years. savage Africans have been
once more landed on our shores and distributed, oars
claimed
and with impunity, among oar plantations.
For this policy.. far as the Government has even.
tioned it, the Democratic Party avoWiliteelf
Everywhere cornplmt
opponents incipient sorrels wo.rwas - thing
becolot
her resistance. the einiosratio. press detidistgll .
' let her bleed." official integrity has beenesese or
rebuke and punishment, whey, it resisted trends de
signedto promote the extension of atesery. Throagb.,
out the whole Republie there snot one know!) dissenter(
from that poling reppeitung in pice. If
the Executive arm. Nor over . the face of the whole
world Is there to be Nun% PIM reoreiputstive of onr
cnnetry who is not an apedoillit or the extension of
slavery.
flit is In Aviation that these thingshave happened „ In
the mete ago cautprv, the era of the brever merest
Progress. and while ell nations but onreelves have been
either abridging or altogether suenrestits commerce in
men; et the very moment when the Rumen serf Is
ennverepated. and the Genevan captive, the Nubian
prisoner, and the Ablssinisn savage are lifted on to
freedom' by the anecessor of Mohammed. The wor'd,
erepomemed in our behalf, by our early devotion to
the /ht. of human nature. as no nation ever before
emote p a its respect and sympathies. Oa in wonder and
max meat whet all this demoralisation means? It
has an excuse better than the world inn =mine, better
than we am generally conscious of ourselves, a mrtis
ous Steele.
We , have loved not freedom so intern leee. but the
Union of our country so much more. We have been
made to believe, fredn time to time, that, in a trims.
both of these precious instions could not be sexed
together, and • therefote , wa w a, from lisle tO time.
aurrendered safeguards of lto propitiate the
loyalty of capital. and stay its bands men doing violence
to the Union. The true state of t e cue however,
however,
nueht not to be a mystery to ourselves: Presoirnee.
indeed. Is not plan to statesmen; but we ars without
excuse when we fait to apprehend the logos of cement
wont,. Let parties, or the Government. Choose to do
what they mar. the people of the Veit. States do not
Prefer the wealth of the few to the haunt of the Marge,
capital to labor, African slaves to white freemen. In the
N aliens Territories and in future Staten. Tbat veil -
lion has never beep distinctly recognised or acted on ley
them. The Republican party embodies the popular
fcutest and reaction elated a policy which has been
astened neon the nation by surprise, and which its
recoup end coescience, concurring with the reason and
consomme rif notokind, emidemn.
The chouse of the nation is now between the Demo
cratic party end the Republican natty. Its principles
end policy are. therefore. justly and even necessarily
examined. I know of only one policy which it hats
ad o pted or avowed, namely: the saving of the Tani to
rt. s of the United States, if rumble. by constitutionel
and lawful means. from being homes for slavery and
polegemy. Who that considers where ,this nation ex
ist' of what rustic to composed, in what arkor the
word it sots its part on the nubile state. and what 117,1
Its predominant institutions. citrtoses: satii=. u n .
talents. doubts that the Reounbean WWI will.
If
unwaveringly faithful' to teat pone? hut hist and
loyal In all besides. earry it Into trutrn: e net mamas? To
doubt is 1, he ntice *Mtn wham.? Minh:anon can im
prove, or chrnitt anita save, ev,,hci e d,
may. P. rhsps: infer front the necessity of thecae*,
that it silo. 011 , Afig ud places. stand by the free
dom 0 1 speech :.niftif the press, and the constitutional
right, 01 frnernen everywhere: that it will favor the
eeeedY l.lbr cement or the public. domain by homestead
law; and will encourage minute. manufactury. and in
terim] commeree. with Rueful rionneettons between
the Atlantis end Paitifie States—for all these are Nl
indent Interests of freedom. For 411 the rest, the na
-
onal emergenci el not individual influences, most de
termine. as society goes on the trolley end character of
the Republican party. Already belong rte part in legis
lation end in treaties. it feels the neoessity of Ming
practical in its care is. , the national health and life.
whin it 'eaves metaphysitialsreculeunn to thorn whose
may it is to cultivate the ennobling Selenee of political
t'h ill . 7n 4 iiie midst of these mildews, or rather, before
fully reaching them. the Republican party encounters,
unexpectedly. a new and potential issue—one prior , end
therefore paramount to all others, meat national life
and death. Jou its if So math had not Weedy been
conceded ; nay, Just as it c
apital
in all had ever been
conceded to the intereet of capital invested in men. we
hear menaces of disunion. louder , more distinct.
t hat
emphatic than ever, with the conditinu aeexed that
they plant. eximuted the moment that e lec
te d , ban
Administretion. though oonstitutionally elecd shall
as-unie the Government.
• • • -
I de not cei Minty know that the people are prepared
to call such sit Administration to power. I know WY
trim.' tnrou.h a suceession of floods which never
greatly excite. and ebbe wbich never entirely dis-
Mirage me. the volume of Republicanism rises con
tieually his her and hasher.. They are probably weer
wholle apprehensions admonish them that it is elreedy
immix enough for creet.
Hitherto ti e Republican party has been content with
oneself-interrogatory—how many votes it can coat.?
These throats enforce another—ties tt determination
eaiti to cast them? This latter question touches Its
spirt and pride. lem quite sure, however that se tt
has :theme Practised self-denial in so many other
forma. tt end in this emergency lay wide all impatience
of temper, together with all ambition and will Consider
these extraordinary deolamations gummy and with a
Just moderation. It would he a waste of verde to de
monstrate that they are unconstitutional, and equally
idle to show that the reeponeibdity kirdientilon attempt
ed or effected must rest, not with those who. in the ex
ercise of °entrant:anal au th ority, maintain the Govern
ment, bat with those who unconatituuonally engage in
teemed work of subverting tt,
Mimi are the excuses for these menaces? They re
solve themselves into this: that the Republican put!
In the North a lentils to the South. But it already is
Voted to be a majority in the North ; it is therefore
preotically the people of the North. Will it not Mall
be the lame North that has forborne with you to tong
and conOneed to you no much.? Can you justly assume
that affeotion which has beeq so eomPlying can &II at
once change to hatred intense and Inexorable?
You say that the Republican party le a sectional one.
Is theJjiheinocratio party less sectional? is it easier for
Its to Pear Your seotional sway than for Toil to bear ours ,
tit unreasonable that for once we anoulo alte r nat e ?
flute the Rerublicati
_party acetional ? Not unless the
Democratic party ie. The Republican party prevails in
the Rouse of Rep,esentatives sometimes; the DIIII3O-
ridryn party in the Renate always. Which of the
wo the most proreriptive ? Come, if you wilt,f is
eta the free States, into the State of New York,
anywhere from-Lake line to Sas harbor, _among
my neighbors in the Owasso valley ; hold your
Conventions. nominate your candidates. ada
the people, submtt to them, fully, earnestly, altuthentirl
tilt your complaint& and grievances y Northern dts
loyaltyLoppression. perfidy ; keep golhing brink, speak
Mates freely and as loudly there tie you do hate; you
Will have, be pitsA welcomes and rippreciating an
die c Witii be Wrongs open for all the vetee you
thewig. Are youlass seobonal than this? Extend to De
the same privileges, and 1 will enrage that you will very
hoes have in the South as many Republreans as we have
Demo-rate in the North. There is. however, a better
test of nationality than the amulet:44l looation of par
ties, Our Polley orlabe rin the Territories waft not rota
tional in the first forty year& ofshe flepablio. !Unaware
Inheres. It Wit be patio's' again, donne the third forty
Vents, and forever afterwards. It is sot wise and ben.-
Verit for us alone, or hely/lout to you alone. 14 effects
are equal , and the same for us all.
(Mr. &Ward continued at come length to defend the
Republican Darts , but, owing to the great pressure on
our columns, we are compelled to defer the concluding
portion of hie speech (with the exception of the closing
paragraph) until to-morrow.]
Mr. Presidest•Ws IBM D.rntUallifolletting
and oqMpisZ. Met obvious and ineabsuism of our
Constitution; and because we do forget It, we are eon
ttquaily VOlNJOrillt buy it is Oust ooutodsrsol of
thirty apd more States, covering
_regions so "Nt., 104
gulsting interests so 'miens of BO many miu o n , 0,
tnee.nonitikated and oonditioned &dyers/31y, works
nispui ootitisinslly loothur to see it sto paid
attUortall suddenly into MSOO I 4 But, 7 KM.
it will no Mop; it was* Alkitim.teiclii,
in motion—in motion azways dog , and %meow sores.
Pot my ova yam u this wooded's-Iw)est - .had newly come from the hands of tts almost divine in
ventors. VRA the admiration of my OIGIG/T , In ll _ al
thoash it ire. then but Imperfectly known aurora. so
now, when it forme the central figure In the eonSofillY
the wnrld's invilization, and the best • shillaom o f
Mankind favor ite eentinnanes, I expect-that It will
stanJ and work right on until man shalt fear its tukre
no more thanwe now apprehend that the am' will cease
to hold his eternal place in the heavens.
Nevertheless. Ido expect to see this - purely pope •
althoneh slelesbea system always amok= ca, unat
tended by the presence nod exhibition of uman temper
and human passions. Teeter : nada be to expect to AIWA
rewards. beashrs.-aad elemo me,ariam m t p ife .
and watchfulness—an expectation contrary to bonne
appointment. These are the diaciehne of the Amen
can cameo. and he mutt Inure himself to it.. When,
AS pow, a great policy, fastened noon the country
ehrench its doeMe and fears, eonfiresed by its habits,
and strengthened by Its personal ISM rests mid ambi
tions. is to Ie Mixed and &rade la *Mere. the
nation may h ave its inst , an natural. ti e de
velopments, then, indeed, all the winds of controversy
are let loose upon us from all points of the political
compass, we see objects and men only through hams.
mists. and doubtful and lurid lights. The earth seems
to be heaving under cur feet. and the pill s r! of the noble
fabrics that Prefects us to be trembling before oar eyes.
%Mho appointed end of all this salt:boo comes et
last, and always eesaintably ;Alta tumults of the negate
subside; the country - bsoomes main enee more. mad
thou we find that only oar IMMO hems been disturbed.
and that they have betrayed us. The earth is firm is
alwara before. and the wouderibl streetnne. for where
safety we have feared so anmoadr, sow more firmlyfixedmova then ever, still Stands unmoved, endings, and
Imble.
Mr. DOUGLAS. of Illieeig. maid that the Seestor
from New York charged that the Rarmasf-ffehnialoa
actlrge4ing the Comminute, was the cause of the
tattoo upon slavery. That get never would
have been repealed butfor the refuse, of the free-soil
element to abide by it. The Smith tweed to extend the
compromise line to the Pneifia, but the free-soilers de
feated the proposition, and that refusal opened the con
troversy in 1860. The compromise meantime of that
yearre g: "Tt g beu t 2f e egen T Y ork i tes,tiu 62 Senator -
to.
Party aereed to abide by the measeres of WA
fa 1851 the Kansas-Nebraska set was passed to carry
out the pri nee ples of those measures. Hewes not wrlhnt
to sit still end heat himself charged with the resonant
bility for the flAiblialf which belonged to the aerator
and his negotiates The present agitation resulted frees
the resistance of that party to the measuresMP , !welt
by the pimple in two Presidential elections. ism the
Senator from iew York went still further. ;ad ha dos.
trine was that theDeelaration of ladeasedeowe &mortal
the equality of the negro race. and therefore that all
laws in violation of that idea were not Miss obleymed.
For himself, be thought that the Declandion of lade
tiondence only referred to the whitest**. settee Senator
had correctly interpreted the meaning of t Metre -
meet. the emanc i pa t ed Declaration shoem hays im
mediatelytheir slaws; but they did rot
do so. He tbonght this Government was made bi white
toes, and for the benefit of "elute men.
Mr. DOOLITTLE. of ' , removals'. asked, Why sot,
th on.lips the Territonee to white men I
Mr. DOUGLAS replied that he was for throwing these
oven to the white men, and Mame. tool but he Wanted
the white men t,O organize them. fr they treated
ebirery, let them have It. It wee their bushman, we
his. It wae a nowquestion of politleal geonomy an
self-interest. he Senator foym New York had coinott
a new definition for the two sections of the Union by
ending the North labor States end the /Moth eilintal
States. It had taken kiln a rood wane. peen to eon
these terms and twins them Into ass. oetethiox had
occurred op in New Fnsland to induce him to brine out
these terms and take the aide of a meet numernus elms
of voters. Strikes bed occurred at the Soak arse
the starving workmen, breause the doctrine*
irrepressibie coeflict had driven of the soistaems but
toss. Hears this term, add the Nestor thus .sigh- to
Mare himself on the side of the shoemakers the
working men understood this vary welt aid kaer win
they did not gel es sissy Southern orders as formerly.
Mr CLARNR. of New
town o f
0.14 that homiest ,
from manetactunng town of 3.0 0 osevatiMail, sad
business was never better than now, and weekesenwera
never better contented.
Mr. DOUGLAS replied that there Waa Soother maim
for the stoke at Lynn, and roller towaa of .Massaelia
eons, but the withdravel of the southern trade. It re
mitted from the general prevalence of the rune teepee
that induced the Senator from Viryinis to epeeef
homerenn. Re was satisfiedwlth the iipplmedicia of pr
polar soYereirate o , both in New Mexico and in Kamm
!hoar h in one it eltitatodnlavary,med ut the other ex
cluded it Re was satisfied with both: He emelt not
vote for the repeal of the slave code In Maxim!, or to
force slavery is Hanes Why did not the Re
oublican part. stem to carry oat - their a Mei-
Dias Why not holes in their bill, to.abohsh fris
twin miles of barbarism. slavery and soiTeamx I .1.1.4
Senator from New York said that he had.enliele 111161-
VMS to propose. What. than. became of triikdres
The. wore afr*d to attempt to carry sot tbeir nee
se res. Theydidnotwesttodnvsnffthe emiservatire
men. and thought it would do beton after the 1111015V4212.
In the event of the Senates. ham New York heirs
sleeted President. let there Iwo whoa be
_proposed. Its
Ms ?peach made in Woe. he had
said
oßtepary arm be
limited to its lament bound+ rles—it min be anieborated
—it can ar,d ast be abolished, and ion and I matt do
it." Without such immeak the Aboiion:int of the
parte could not be re mined bet they say the; IMI3 O
t do it. all under the Coast/tuition. Ttloy pfiitiluito n- tend to carry oat the Constitution exeete The Vart not
conformable to the tarot God, and they are to decide
what is the law of• God. If the Genet [odes' was viola
tive of the law of God, he did not see how they could to
cosactience take the oath to sopportit.
Mr. DAV I e, of WilluiPol• replied to Mr. ftewarraise
cements. and controverted the mention that the Mote,
was regarded only as property at the South. He woe
protected i q his Personal eights as soughed the while
man. He distrusted the lip profeamoga Ode Mims to
the Union when the Reenter °Warned one of the meet
important pmvisioes of the Coasts baits'.
Mr. BROWN. of Misameipsi. pored man amesdelleat
that the Committee on Territories 'venire whether the
Crvisidet of A tbp Itregbah bill is recast miasma had
o.cliFfillkrll l l. of 'Dime*. mid that his ocdtessee
had stated that he had-combated at home the Ides of
negro regality, and than any portion of the enestaraPmt
was at variance rite the Divine law. Re asked sum
when had the Re pubboana of Meese ever asset tied these
thieve
___
hire HOUGLAS and that M the fiesstor had kW/
corns from the Hainowatla party, he weld not nitdee•
stand the prieetples of Xepubliesalam so well new
leaders. and wruM refer km toils lf..tesltten)
Mr. TRUMBULI. replied that bur °Meares 'meet
Rad cattle% he waa spade as ras cipanent of this
Detrocreay. Ha was reteroed as Tithes.easosed
never ost
that aids of the bharcher. The Raves= of aa
bad w such arted dootrimu.. a s wookt his
voile acne to his tee*, that a It"' a inekeltargen.
tker were wholly indigo. mid *shoat foendation. He
did believe with Ito Owsiotatloa. that all sesta to a
atata of natija wars tree mat sand. tot that wittier,:
had pray tnie Inettiohnee. The 114essia-P•bmska tan
was So triumph of vattataz aoretehrati• bY 11
'stammers anointed is Kansas and Nebristst who
todeoted for sots of 7'erritoriel slavarty. He Ind/10Y
said that the ordinance of I'M abet preserved Moon
to freedom. •
- . .
Air. DOUGLAS said that slaves were held in llll
eras eller the earn.. of the ordinance of nu. Ps
imp there sivos over seven hundred stases 1%. in
1840. three handfed were held then in setts of or
dinance. Slavery was Ilbohihed by the fttate is 1W
because their labor was not pfoltablo. la sewn_ Its
the hlissouri Compromise be "MIA say that to ~pe al
W.. Put * ti the Yr one-irebreekei a& to mdse to =VW
oat the Coinlse rasueres of UM
Mr. TFlplied thee tt hair needed s sierras
gate6cta to destrriy the amnesic:it of the
Senator. la d le
for the ordieseee of DV Illinois would
have hie* s stave Suds. A strong effort was wade to
hold slaves, but the goaatitation decided tlicortlee
to be valid, and that kept them nut, Wheft Dime knit
made the proemial:km to IMP011iAll• Mig.llo/Irt CM/WO—
filise. the Senator, on the other side denounced it as e
fire-brand, but three days after they dismvered that it
was necessary in otter to carry out the Cosseroadse at
1860.
•
ROUSH OF REPRESHITATIYM
Mr. CURTIS, of lows, naked, 'ha faded to metre,
consent to Introduce a meotaimi vain swathe Pre
sident. if not moreapatible with the public memos, to
transmit to the Home ammo of nap °Metal Gorr sesoo
deice whioh the department Ise morn* had myth El a
mmirir Hendon and other.. ocemen k ing lhs edam liars
on the Southwestern hoarier; sad ateothatDa take=
tie House what MeSallthie. a say. have been t ekes to
protect our atlases. and preeerer the peace of the
country t that be also inform the Haase whether seder*
hare been issued satkoristax oar ,coops to enter 4b3 of
the Rates of Maxine land if to, that copies of Pull or
ders be tremsmitted to the - , es• with all ether wa
portant latormation relating to th e Mater is poseeessue
of the department.
Mr. IrANROTT. of Kansas Territm. pretenied the
resolutions of the Kailas Legislat e , am.. forad
mioton into the Union under the Wyeadott• coostite
iio%Made istr , dar. =tad the Maras/ hie Riede
e I lietTOth for pnater was not reeorded. How this
beetled be was at a loss to know. Daring tae •
years to had been a intreber of the Holm he Mid tower
nurse a vote. except whoa abet from the enty or ma
nned to hoi ted be 'mimes& He was mate ire ant that
he rood for Mr. Gionbrenner. and inthately stated all
the elre4l4Sthee•S at the tone.
Mr. HINDMAN. of Arlen/as, confirmed Mr. litelfia's
stataMent. The reetleman's peculiar vote, ad man,
ner nt anineense to his name attreeted his arteattort.
Mr Ruffin had inquired whether his name lees reooeeed.
and the Clerk mid it was. Vf these facts Mr. Hindman
was perfectly eeeadent
Mr. Fl OHRNCE'S tof Peemaylamale) maw; wee
clear and distinct on the =Meet He did act hem Mr.
Raft respond to his name• het heard him talk arlastiter
his name we, recorded, sad for whom. The Clark
seemed to put his finger on the tally. and rare an allir
mat.re and to the Speaker who responded that Mr.
ittelha's same wan recorded
Mewl. John Cochrane •f Yew Yorlr. Winslow et
North Caroline. As .more of South Carolina. and Steal
of Oretrin. confirmed the Coteitotss statements-
Mr. 811ERhl AN. nf Ohio. eureted from what had
tees said that everybody was caballed that Mr. Mahn
Toted. 1 hereof*. k's same easht to sewer ma the
i ce real.whaterm may le the eoreseti-ecee-
Mr. STANTON. of ithio. remarked. if Mr. Rafts ab
solute!, ilea he not d. that ts flattish.
Mr. GROW, of Penesetrania. said it was the dd.. of
every member to rote when his name Tea enlbd. The
object of the Clerk in readme aver the roll was for the
mr maitre to learn whether the°. t ia z .. r had bee. re
corded or not He it'd not rtudr„7, theme remark' as appli
cable to thin case. Hut it v a custom for some members
10 fa / ia antwarths'..othr names what called wader.
mid a ri araatda g how they are moorded If they
would answer when they are celled I. the first aim
the. be trouble.
Mr. v. t.ORENCE You need not that address the
N.7.die . ratie side. The cheeses oa that comma were
on rout' own aids.
• • •
Mfr. GROW. f was apelyinc mrremertr to beth sides
id . the Anse. FierryWitir known that the eastern to
which I hare allotted hes crown OP
Mr. RUF.F.IN slid no man to more particular than
hens' in ros ier.
Mr. GROW said t In taro the foortud wan tw iny. his
Drain was that this is no
that
norreet it It is too hats
bock. No motion to that PIN.: *odd booted* that
the Hones had issued to other boslneaa
Mr. PLORENCki said Mr. Grows glitcorrobr woe sot
Fond in its asplifaitun at that time. He snekt ray the
elements which *multi ruts this &atom blast are not 'arm
as thee ware to old times. Then were probably, if ant
More dicers*. mere perverse. The House bad better
settle this nu.stion of main, now, a, that no tetra]
doubt might hereafter alum
Mr. CO RWIN. of Ohio, said there could he no doubt
about Mr. Rutkole rote. Stoole the }oared be terlelet
nd rt weuld result in what a called a tie rite, +adhere
would tie no election. With the mew of coming to as
speedy a conclusion an Invalid*. he wished to offer a
Preamble recant the Item to the ease. einnebadirm with
a resolution declanne, nobs" thstnedinzthis informa li ty.
Mr. Ford to be printer et the House for the sireetat
Confess..
- . .
sir. RUFFIN refused to yield the Boor for the +atm
demon of the mallet-me. Me had the rialtt to hare his
mime recorded for Mr. Oloathrtmeer.
The Hone thee ordered the Journal to to vo oor
rotted.
The SPEAK FR declared that the eleat'ea would be
till 4NMNlgilliain made an Ineffectual effort ta of
fer Ms merlin lion.
The SPEAKER said the }louse would now proceed to
the electinn of °Hater.
. • . • .
Mr. WA EHBI:1111. of ?defile. melted shetheror not
U sosld be ben nipoettione the election tal to-martens
or some or h.r.44.• _
. . . .
Mr. Ha RttBDAIAt. of 2disszarippl, moved that the
election t postponed till tor morrow. Thar* were a
number of absentees In the Sienate elomber. whore. he
understood. there \M SS sr represubbi conflict," Mi.
Seward having t`e door.
The motion was disagreed to.
Mr 'BURNETT moved to postpone the electron till
Monday next.
Mr. MORRIS...a' Pennsylvanin, obleeted ; for much
Pub' io time her airesd. been wasted on this subject
Mr. BURNETT', of Kentucky. vepliad that the waste
of time nit net on the Demoeratze side of the House.
Mr. PHELPS was %satisfied titian° sorters's could be
more to-day. It world be better to defer the election
till to- morrow.
r. Barnett's motion was lost. and the Hausa
thou proceeded to a vote.
li=l=ll
Whole aerobe; ; : a :
Necessary to a choice... ..... .
Mr. Closet:termer—
Mr. Ball. .
Mr. Ritchie . a
On motion of ?dr SHERMAN. the further eon:niers
tine was postponed till to-morrow at two o'clock.
The Boum then went into Committee of the Whole on
the state of the Union.
toll the members', with the exception of about clones,
went into the Senate chamber.
Mr. ti EAGAN, of Texas., made a speech maintain
that the Constitution TPCOIIIIIIBB Piave, a, pro
rly. and neither Congress not Tetritorjal Legislature
can abolish or have power over slavery in the 1 ernto
ries, which are the common property of all the people.
In reply to the artumente heretoPire livered. he said
that the rienvicrattn pasty was neither s pro-slavery ear
an anti- alarety perty.
Mr. ECCII,RTON of Ohio, argued that it was msd
seaasto attempt to ignore the question of slavery. It
vas the grand question of the day. and will not be ir
noted. The conflict Is ri irrepressible."He argued
against the extensionof slavery, and ilalisted that.
wherever the Government is responsible Icor slavery.
the latter should be stricken to the dose
frfavlOg spoken of the pro potion of every constitu
basal nett in the ?forth. be said that in the South to re
seneeted of loner liberty and hating slavery was a
opine. If slavery cannot stand before the freedom of
speech and the piers let it go down. It la rain to talk
of ferther concession/ to slavery. It, last act pf treach
ery shuts the door forever to the privileged few. The
slaveholdins aristocracy there vs, a - despeitiare. bet
contained itself on the doctrines be the Demo
braes attempt to testify slavery. The. nenMeracY at
the N. YIP cionaists of a few cotters armee and cotton
roliticians—a Swiss guard. Who fieht for pay sad do not
regrePßOW,o n dis eased the propriety
. serit thep i lipe en th e peopl e.
of . cessine forever the sale of public lairds, and dedi
cation them to free homes for free men. He said that.
under the present slatem. thin Government is responsi
ble for the abstraeboa of /#1.23 . 11 001,000 from cultivators
to so into the pockets of land 'Peculators. Hs main-
Milked that mast ban the night to tee free use of treaters:
Nature has provided for his sustenance, It was time
that the tiasering relics of biedithswi should swese
from the astute book. He shored the beneficial @FOOLS*
in a eocrel and national new, which would reset frees
the bommatead cyst
Mr. JUNKIN. of rennsylraata. advocated proteetios
pottep
4114 4 614 and Poadereued the free-trade
The the vemeoraey.
0441/11Itte• thett,nee, sad tha Now adiolcraB4l