■' Street. -
oSt of the Cits at Bis Doiiias
,--s*pjn(imj'? Jora PouJisb >o*. ijoitf- Ho»«»f
, r«si* DoniM 'loS sti Ko«THa,lnTi3aM)r in »4-
J FRKM.'- ; ' ‘
MaUod to Butiraii W ont of tka dtp at *■»*■ Boi
liaa raa Amos, to adran<tt. „ v
;;:':-;;ivKEKI.V PRE»»..'
!_!*«'WmailT Fuu yip.baientto Baboeribrni
mail (par anaiira. ioad'SoiJo,) at.W »
H.fMOoplwr, ”’ st .S" :.-.;....:......., «
'; ?or a OlaS of.Tsantr-oaa . ot. orer.wa will Mid u
, '*®ict M *S*& for
**m WinstT -
, ;:#IU.II«EIIU'PBni. :
Xme4 Sami-tfouUilj In Uma for tkt California
>V ( i - - V
#UUUttPr2®oobs:
HEIM k 00., -
;i < - •: BOHTHBEOONDBTREET,
..... 'EmMwon'kaniBUok of
'"fAH MB WIKMS -,
KIIiLINBBY GOODS,
nnoEiuvns . ■
IHAWtiU
‘' ’ - : V MBBOM, .
:; ;; >wwm,'
sunen in—tilb,
•• imt* tfca’ r'\‘ .
M* *• Ufcrut A<uUo> Mila I. Bnfthjbfeini
Itati&iVvU'Jum' jiut i*aia4 "» lia*tt?il'U».<ii'
‘7T.'
■. W»I *mrtk Hi) ktttiUM *T tfc* *n<U. '
Bir'aak tf VJAWBH u 4 niTHU li an
WinpUt*; «f vUtk ktr« l*»*n •©nsldsrmblj’
Minkuife ud Milliner* »re invited t* MB »t '
K, BBBNKBIM k «0.t8,j, . ...
; V. Bo.M B*nUi IBOOKD.Mm*
gg v BptTTH SECOND STREET.' gg
Bnyetaof ’
' MIILUIHBYOOOD*,
Will And ua propurud -to txkiblt * must oomplit* ood
ologont usdrtaoat of
How Stjl«« BONHBTMATJBIAIS,
" >' HIBBONS, In lmmooM VusHty,
■ IBHNOH ond AMSBIOAH ILOWIBB,
, ‘nA.TBSBt, BUOHSB, dm.,'*#.
AIM, 0 boutUfol Stock of
■ ■ -f i‘3 >' ! ' ..t M- ;-'
; r , STRAW. GOODS,
Ortnprtofngfdl tko dwindle stylo; '
. Our FBICOS, vUA m 'Bind' ud uniform, in
otO' ’’ '
IhoMolrttick'woßUow'- . ;-v :v rr.
; tK*MdJmT.IOBOABH.
BBAZABS from udlatuuo, who m»y not bo 1 onto
Of th# wijrUnce of nth on BatobUsltmant, OUT 0j
IdABKHTBrBSBT, will Mnedt ttnmielTM. by o
writ'to ‘
A. H. ROSENHEIM. A BROOKS,
. r 80. SB South BIOBMD Stmt, ikon Ohntaut. .
-■ ’,. y .; •' :
XV# ,..
‘ Momt Loinftd on Bond aadMortgago,
'■ ' • prdmptly Hi*4e. ” 7 ***
PA.
ST BELMONT/ '
r, ''’■-V
W BBATBK STBEET,
ffBWTOMt,
•- ‘ larnai Letter* cf CrodJt, available to TnVtiloris. on all
|artiof tot vorW., , - •• 1 .je86-6m v
f*Boi«sE,& oo.r
V/ IPXOIE AND XXOHAN&B BKOKBBg.
* 7?v? / -No. 40 flantb THI&D Str&flt ! * *-
■ < r 7 r ' ntLAsibrHiA.M ..
Burst urtßmoma of BhiladtipUt.
v»wr,
lui.uilit. , v. b. non. x. BAXLXT, JX
■fiMANLSr, BROWN,&CO., ,
IXOBAHM
,
BSOKBBe *" >
*; W eormtr of TRlBDiiul dEXSIffUT BtrMti,,
v .. ' •*-
OoUMttoo* wutot todDzafla drawn o» *Up aria of tfca
UalUd aad Ijw OgnadMj-Hyrdfca, wo*t ftrorafcla
drawn on IngUnd'and
- UneniTent. B*ik , 'Kotaa J ‘iougW.f Land Warrant*
koogktraadcoli.'' Dtalan In SpeeU'and Bullion. Loan*
dad YimoPaper qfljnUatad. «v -y^y'-.
- Stock* and LeattrWnght aad flold on Oonariarton at
tike Board afßroker* in PUladelpkia and Saw York, -
--r-<> r . -. ; i 1 /
MDWABD B. PAH&Yj ;? ,•> JUOHABDJLPABBY,
JfotorPoblloto , ~OopimlMion«r to
P«mujlt*ni**nA -
"* i } -' v ‘ . •••- - H*w ftnej, ' '
PASS I » ISO THE HV
DOOKBaS k CUOTRAL liAND' AGENTO ond
QOHVBnNOBBS, - l *~
EROHT STREET, atari HIOEO&T,
MANKATO, HXKNXSOTA,
' Tty puttottlu ittenUotf torlowlng ut lorMtln*
-Monay for non-rooldenta ond- ethers, ud oolloousy
. SnfU. Notu awlt -Jmj lotion of uoaut or biuioou
Will rooolTo prompt ottontion. Boror to . ;
. Mood .Bacon, k. 00.. Pbiladelpkla. , ,
Dale, Eou. k Wlthon, PhiUdllpMO. '
Khazp^Btdaea,kOo., Philadelphia.
KlokordßuulolpVPhiUdolpklo.
ChArlsslllis A Uo^PhlUdelpkia,.
Parrj t Bsndolph, PUladolnU*.
; Beal* onlr 01)080.
jjUUt. STOCK
SOOTS AKD SHOES.
JOSEPH H. THOMPSON * 00.,
Oo.SU MARKET BI&E1I,:
4 V?r* ‘ ■< '■ ; v
mm MTU BTOU A LA*«* UTD WSUb Aifolf»
ffoqxor
' v -- j**W, *.
, . BOOTB AHD BHOM,
#» 0»I AMD 1 ABUHIf MANDfAOTnitB.
itlt oa thebwrt t*rmi for euk,
iitMtke r niiiaieMaiti ‘ Bnj»r«ar» inTit#d toc»ll and
rtotfc. ,
BOOTS* ANDBHOEB.—The . rabaoriher
:t»«headalargeand fatted ctoek of BOOTS
■im BOOM, which h» will wll it the lowectprieee. ..
OSO. W. TAYLOR,
‘ »o*M* B.H. oomer FCTTHead MARKnTgte
(StntUnun’s Jtojrnißljhts «oo4*.
117XN0BESTES & 00., GENTIiEXEN’S
■'If'fDBMIHHrNOSTORR; ' ’ ' "
.- -"itD «-*•' - J- •
FAtRKTvSHOULDRKSRAM SHIRT MASDFAO-
oppe
dte the Werhlngton Honee
-A.WtNCHBBTBR*m gin, ee heretofore, hit per
eonal Itnperrlrtlon totheOattin,! end MftnaliCtnrinj
depertmentc.’ Orderctor hit celebrated ttjle of Shlrte
endColltrt AIM tt the ihorteet notloo. Wholeeale
trade r applied on liberal tercie. ' ' jy24-ly
J- Wi BOOTT.'flateof the firm of WiA
ie*iari» U Boon;) GSHTLEW!N>g PURNIgH
IHB} BTORB;.andBHIBT MASmAOTORY, 8)4
OHR STRUT Street, (oearlpopppiltethe (HraidHonae,)
* tail HhV 'attention it Ml
tenner petrona ml Wendt to hit new Store, and it pie.
eered to till orrlere forBHIRTS et aheri notica.- A
perfect fit (roerantled. OODRTRY TRALiB fopplled
TftOIKRBHIBTg andQOLLARB. faffot
rpTONßiJlilt & CO.,
IMPORTERS AHB WHOLESAiB SEAMUS
ohika And qttsenswake,
Not.WBOOTH SOUETH BTBBET,
\\ »e^i<ii4>te>it<id , 'oi&tua£ ■
- ./ .IBILADSLPHIA,
jrr'abASSWABE. open oi by the ptdt»*4, ,
npo. BOUTH EBH AND HTSSTEBN
A tugo-Stode of
OH lai,‘Q AARB'-fr Akb , ASS
~ r '': »AMOf 'AMicis*,
- ,^'iv, nDi r XiOW>Br , ic&BKM<rauraß,A* -
J WiTtlj[,' XmpQrtcrß,
MABONIO HALL,TIB OHXBTNUT BXamiT.
JanS-iy frivu
.(VOW, AND SPORTING IM
flnHorlbiH h»T« in rtofe
“"'-TH*I.4ROE3TABaoaTKBHT ■
.•c iv,^.^l6f*r offered;ln-thiscity,c;-*vr• -ft ;.
vttatlroiK of fwduolite ihelxMwaortrpent U jttttoh M
■ SaV: r-r V; .*r
- - **/ • - :frpS. -;4,-ii-J}. _»hn»».lfa»*4t,. r
Cidfii ICdtDSsiNB SOKE^THROATS.
VOL. 2—NO. 76.
iDrj} ©oobs Jobbers.
1858 fall, goods. 1858
Tni Babficrib.nl beg le.ro to Inform their friends,
and country marohanta generally, that their etooh of
HQSIEBX,
. . OLOVEB .
DBAWBBS,
WOOLLENS, and
SMALL WARES,
le now complete, oomprlelng their neuel assortment,
and which they wIU cell at the lowest market rates.
They would especially call attention to their etook of
BUCKSKIN GLOVES AND MITTENS.
Comprising the
HANOVB3, GBRMANTOWN, JOHNSTOWN, AND
OTHER. DESIRABLE MAKBS,
Which they hare purchased directly from the Mano
faotarers for each, and are now prepared to sell at
rednoed rates,
SHAFFNEH, ZIEGLER, & 00.,
IMPORTEBB AND JOBBERS,
36 N. JOtJBTH Street, Philadelphia,
Near the Merchants’ Hotel. ,
J T. WAY & 00., > "
K0«.'221 MARKBT Street and 10 OHUBOH AHey.
IMPORTBB3 AND JOBBBRS
DRY GOODS,
Am now fully prepared for the
FALL TRAM,
ni MnpUtonMi of their Bto ok, both for
. TARIEry AND PRICES,
K[lU tie found to offer advantage* to buyer*, tuuur
yaaatd by any other In thii country. aull-8m
& KNOWLES,
IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS
HOSIERY,. GLOVES AND FANCY GOODS,
Not. 480 MARKET AND 425 MERCHANT STB.,
And hare jiut opened * NEW AND COMPLETE
STOCK OT GOODS, expressly adapted to
FALL TRADE,
To which the attention of their customer* *** FIRST*
. CLASS BUYERS la inrlted.
anlT-dtnorl
HMjclesole SUrg ©coirs.
pOipiGN, AND DOMESTIC GOODS.
BUHSLEY, HAZARD, A HUTCHINSON,
'' ' t No. 112 Chestnut street,
Offer for sale
DRILLS. JBANB, SHEETINGS, SHIRTINGS,
:MABINEB STRIPES 08NABURGH8, FLANNELS,
- BROWN, BLEACHED, AND COLORED MUSLINS,
In all widths from the ...
BALTIC MAN’G CO., HAN’G CO., .
NORTHVILLB DO. LOWELL DO.
VAIRUILL DO. WKST EOYL3TON DO.
•• •- Al*,..
Templeton Mills Doeskins an CasslmerM,
Woodward do. do., do. .
Saxony Mill , do. . ‘ do. do. .
Together with altrge assortment of desirable Foreign
Goods. 1 * • 001-lm
f|K) DEALERS IN OIL CLOTHS.
- The Subscriber haring superior faculties for Mantt
lAQtvrivg
• FLOOR, TABLE, STAIR, and*
CARRIAGE OIL CLOTHS,
Is now prepared to 'offer great Inducements to Buyers
from all parts of the’eountry. '
' A large and ehoioe Sleek Constantly on hand.
. Great care will bo token in selecting Pea. who
order bj mail,
■ WABfeHOCaj/Ho. KS ARCH Street, Phlla.
»nM.Bm* _ .THOMAS POTTKB.Manttfartaier.
I \BILLS & SHEETINGS FOR EXPORT.
J-F BBOWK. BLEAvIHBD, A KLUKDMLLS.
HEAVY & LIGHT BHEBTINGS,
Suitable for. Export, fozEnale by
, FEOTHINGHAM fc WELLS,
24 South FRORT ST'., f 85 LETJTIA ST.
oelfi-lf
JJIGHABDSON’B IRISH LINENS,
DAMASKS, DIAPSBS,- Aco.
OONBUHSBS of BICHABDSON'S LINBHB, end them
detfroae of obtelnlng the GB«HINB GOODS, ebonld
tee that the articles tier purchase are sealed rrith the
fttUnamdof,the firm, 5
RICHARDSON, SONS,-;At OTfDBJT,
Asa guarantee of the. soundness anddurabllity of the
Bbadi^— J c , • j ;
jT&U caution Is rendered essentially necessary as lam
quantities of inferior and defective .Linens are prepared,
season’after season; and sealed-with the' name of
RICHARDSON, by Irish houses, who, regardless of the
Injury thus InfliotedAlUci on ’the American consumer
and the'manhfaoturers of, the'genuine Goods, will not
readUy abandon a business so .profitable, while jmr
chasers.can be imposed on with Goods of a worthless
oharaotsrl _c- ’..... «
J. BCfLIiOOHE & J. B. LOOSE,
" ajH-Sm Annta. 80 OHOBOH.Street, Naw York.
' Sooinljs’' -fnhde. "
fJTHE STATE SAYIHGS FUND,
Ho.' 341 SOCK BTENET,
KBIT COOK 10 THE POST OFFIOB.
IRTBRBST. FltfK PER CENT
Money rM6lY*&l>Alt.Y,and every MONDAY EYENING,
mrn4m•
IK BUMS LARGE AND SMALL,
PAID BACK DAILY,
IBOM 0 O'OLGOK A. M. TO 8 O'CLOCK P. M.
DEPOSITORS OAK DRAW TBHIR MOKBT »T CHSOKfI, AS
ix SAXK, ir oasxxan.
3. HSNBYH AYES, T*U«,
The sfbino gabpejk saving
JUND.
(OxAmnxßD 4it vn Lisibratorr or Prrkbtltamia,)
PERPETUAL CHARTER.
VITO FIB OBNT. Interest Allowed to Depositor*)
and all Money* Paid back on Demand.
OTVIOB, 831 NORTH THIRD STREET,
(OoseoLinayiov Same Boxnnuo.)
TU* Institution i* now open' for the transaction ol
and i* the only Chartered Sarin; Fund located
In the northern part of the city.
The Offioewllfb* open (dally) from oto o’clock,
and also on MONDAYS and THURSDAYS, from 8 until
• o’clock in the Ironing:
MANAGIRB,
James 8. Pringle,
Jacob Dock,
Joseph If. Cowell,
George Woelepper,
J. Wesley Bray.
Robert B. Darideoa,
‘ P. 0. BHmaker,
John P. Vorree.
’ George JSnecht,.
' John Horn,
t, JAMBS 8. PRINGIiB.
THORN. , , aptt'iftf
Frederick Klctt, 1
Btopfcen Smith,
■ John P ‘Lott, .
Eon, Henry a. Strong,
Daniel Unaerkofier,
Hon. Wm. MlUvardi
Frederick Stake,_
Frxhcli Art, „
Jdeeph P. LeOlew, ' •
Joan Keeiler, Jr.,
'-i Prccidi
Seawtovy/GEORGE T.
HAVING FUND.—TOUTED STATES
>3 TRUST COMPANY, corner of THIRD sad CHEST*
NUT Street*. . -
targe and fmali ennui received, and paid beck on da
mand; witkont notice, with PIVH PER CENT INTER
BSTfromthaday9faepoeittothodayof,iritkdrafral, -
Offloe hour*, from 9 until 8 o’clock every day. and oa
HOBDAY EVENINGS from T.nnttl 9 o’olook.
DRAFTS for ia!a on England} Xroland, and fiootlind,
from £1 npvarde.
President—STEFUßN B. ORAWIOBD.
TreMUreT —PLINY FISH.
VaUar-JAJiBB ». HUNTER
CRAVING FUND—FIVE PER CENT* IN
$3, TSRB3T—NATIONAL' SAFETY TRUST COM
PANY.—WALNUT BTRKBT, SOUTH-WEST CORNER
OF THIRD, PHILADELPHIA.
~ Ixoohmxatbd nr *sx Btiunt o» Pxxxbylyixia.
7 Honey Is received is any stun, large or small, and 1b-
from the day of deposit to tke day of with
'Tho'oJßoe is opes every day from9o’clock la ike
mbrixlhg'tiU 8 o’clock in the evening, and on Monday
and Tkvzsdey evenings till 8 o’clock.
v HON: HENRY L. BBFNIB, PrwMttl,
' ■ EOBEBT BELSIUSGE, Via.
WB. J. Bjuo, Staotary.
• .. ; - B»iofon! '
•’ Hon. necry t. B.on)r, ‘7. Curolt BKWfttt,
■dir*rdL. Ourtoi,, Joseph B. Bstr ,
Robert B*l/ridg«, IriMtSLe.; _
Bmol. K. Asbtoo, lo»sph Yorkes,
,Q' f Landroth Mtuuas* Henry Diffenderffer*
. Honey is received and payments made dally.
The'lnTefftmeztifl are .made In confonnitr wllk tbe
ttoVltfoae of the Charter, in' BEAL EBTATB MORT
GAGES, GROUND RENTS, and sack first clans seonri
ies as trill ilWaya lnshre perfect security to the deposi
tors, and.trhloh cannot fail to give permanency and ste
rility to this Institution. aul-3y
Xfcv W 8« McILHENNET,Dentist,
qlflMT-wonld inform his friends that he has resomed
practice at No; 1848 CHESTNUT Street, second door
above the UiS. Mint. >- <" sepl-8m
BOOKBINDING.— The underslgn*d res
peetfoUy 1 Invite the attention of kvesnof books
to tMlr oneouaUed f.clllt «a< for binding bookoin a «n.
perior.mfchner. 1 ,Their work' has been submitted for a
series of years to theexaminatienof someof-tke most
celebrated cdnuoUßeurs in the cbnntrv; -It has reoetveq
the'ihofct flattering encomiums and won for the uader-
Mgne . a reputation which they are determined to
Binding executed, from the plain
« t 'hhlf-bdnnd ,r volume for the scholar’s table to the
most artistic garnitureof rarities for the eollectioo ef
-the-Blbllocoanlflo: . '
Specimens of style and workmanship will be sheer*
folly shown to tboso who will call upon
PAWSON A NICHOLSON. Booirtindws,
• -•- j v ----- 619 MINOR Street, ,
- aeU-am. Batvaen Market and Chaatnnt Btreete.
,rubN EXPLOSIVE BUBtfINGFLUID.
il We are powroftnufoeturing, and are Pf®P,¥*s
sell, a BURNING FLUID, free from the objection op
pertaining to the common artiste. Its, liability to «*•
plode i*,dtstrpyed,a«d may. now be tmed {a™'/*
It has been experimented upon, and subjected to xne
severest teste before the best chemical talent in this
city, withput a single failure; and we now offer it to the
nubile. feeling confident that a great'desideratum has
'lean attained.' - . :VARYALL A OGDEN,
.’.oolfi-dSm . . 473 N. THlRDStreet, above Noble.
rt 08K.—160 bMs Mess Pork, for. sale by
-JjrThv.TVr ■ , ' 0.0, SADLER A 00.,
SHIRTS,
(HAT* aUOYID TO)
OX DBPOBIT,
, GEO. H. HART, President.
OHAB. G. IMLAY, Treasurer.
'se3B-tJanl
gitwitHttg.
BTeta flnblitaticng.
HARPER' 8 MAGAZINE for NOVEM
BER, for sale at PETEBBON A BRO.»8,
306 OHE*TMJT Street.
IfT CENTS for NOVEMBER HARPER,
J O for .'ale at PETERSONB’.
IVOVEMBEft HARPER, only 15 CENTS,
11 for sale at PETERBONS’.
A BEAUTIFUL NUMBER j NOVEM
BER HARDER.. For sale at PETERSONS’.
1 C CENTS, 15 CENTS, 15 CENTS, 15
lu CENTS, HARPER for NOVEMBER, at PETER*
SONS’.
I\] OVEMBER HARPER, NOVEMBER
11 HARPER Price 16 CENTS, at PETERSONS’.
PETERSON SELLS HARPER for NO
VEMBER. FBTBBHON BELLS HARPER for
NOVEMBER. .
Oft/? CHESTNUT STREET, at PETER
OUU SONS’, is tbs place to get HARPER for NO*
VEMBER. 0026-3fc
The nett novels.
Just published:
vibst
ISABELLA OBSINI.
A new Historical NoveJ."by F~i>. Guorrassl, author of
“ BBATBIOK OENOl.”
Translated from the Italian bjr LufgTMontl, of Har
vard University. Elegantly bound in muslin, with a
superb flteel Portrait fro* the celebrated Drawing by
Prasofaeri Price |1 SI.
kxtr&ot from an artlole in the Boston .Courier by Pro
fessor 0.0. Felton, of • Harvard College•
u There oan be no doubt that three norela of Gnerros
af are of marked and high literary meric Their stye
is olear, pare, and Tlgorons. The power of the author
1 B shown in hie brilliant pictures, hU vivid descriptions,
and hie brief, energetio expressions of feeling Hie
characters are drawn with short, sharp s'rokes, as with.
the point of a sword. • The reader becomes a spectator.
Prom his post of observation he sees a drama enacted
before him: the scenery and ooitnmes are porfeot; there
is a fearful earnestness and vitality in the performers.
With parted lips, and cheok growing paler, he watches
with eagerness the progress of the action till the cur
tain falls.”
SIOOBD.
VERNON GROVE:
Ob. HEARTS A* THEY ARB.
A fresh and glowing American Fiction, by a promi
nent Poothern authoress. Elegantly bound inmuain.
Price $l.
Prom Critique of Southern Literary Messenger.
“ The novel of Veinou Grove is in our judgment the
best yet produced by an American lady. In no Ameri
can fiction has the interest been maintained with such
power. Pathos is the quality moat at the writer's com
mand The inoident of Eva’s blindness is narrated
with wonderful and startling naturalness, and affects
the reader more, we think, than the similar occurrence
in the case of Hariel in ‘ • John Halifax, Gentleman.”
These books will be Sent by mail, postage paid, to any
part of the United States, on receipt of the price.
BUDIKfc OARLETON, Publishers and Booksellers,
ocie-tuths-tf No. 810 BEOADWAYJ*N. Y.
j£JEADY THIS HAY.
THOUGHTS ON THE LIPE AND OHARAOTBR OP
JESUS 07 NAZARETH.
Dr Sbv. W. H. Pubhbbb,
Philadelphia.
The Publishers deem it only neoessatjto announce
the above work, to seoure for it that attention whloh
the popularity of the author and his reputation as a
deep thinker, demands.
PHILLIPS, SAMPSON, tc 00.,
Publishers, Boston.
For tale by
oc3B.aattufcthBt WILLIS P. HAZARD.
Qa new COUNTERFEITS are In
Oil PETERSON’S COUNTERFEIT DETECTOR,
AUD
BANK NOTE LIST,
Corrected by
DBRXEL & 00., BANKERS,
The number for November Ist is THIS DAT ready.
It contains descriptions of
86 NEW COUNTERFEIT NOTES,
And the facsimile of the engravings upon a danger
ous plate, which is being altered to various Banks, and
extensively circulated.
No Storekeeper should be without this number of
PETERSUN’B COUNTERFEIT DETECTOR,
As it gives information relating to the latest Counter
feits that has never before been published, and more
over.
IT 18 THE MOST COMPLETE,
IT IS THE MOST PERFECT,
IT IS THE MOST RELIABLE.
And is the best DETECTOR OP COUNTERFEIT
BANK NOTES ever published.
TERMS:
One Copy, Monthly, One Tear, One Dollar.
One Copy, Semi-monthly, One Year, Two Dollars.
Bingle Numbers. Ten Oeots.
Call and subscribe, or remit the price per mail, to
T. B. PETERbON & BROTHERS,
. . No. aoe-OHBSTNUT street;
And we will send it to you regularly afterwards
. • 0c27-3t
PROCTOR.* 8 HISTORY OF THE CRU
SADES: THEIR RISE, PROGRESS, AND RE
SULTS. .By 'Major Pbootoe. of the Royal Military
Academy. With numerous Illustrations, in 1 volume
octavo. A new edition, recently published, by
LINDSAY & BLAKIBTON.
Publisher* and Booksellers,
•6 South SIXTH Street, above Chestnut,
BEOENTLY PUBLISHED
WATSON’S OAMP-FIBE3 OF THE AMERICAN
REVOLUTION, with Fifty Illustrations,
2.
WELD’S BACKED POETICAL QUOTATIONS, Il
lustrated.
THE ILLUSTRATED LIFE OF MARTIN LU
THER, edited by Rev. Dr. Stork. Fitteea Illustra
tions.
WATSON’S NEW DICTIONARY OF POETICAL
QUOTATIONS. Various alias and bindings.
MISS MAY’S AMERICAN FEMALE POETS.
DR. BETHUNE’B BRITISH FEMALE POETS.
o«2T-tf
GLEASON'S
NEW WEEKLY
LINE-OP-BATTLE SHIP.
The object of thie paper is to present, every week,
an agreeable mrlahqi of the notable events and liter
ature of the time. Its ample columns will always
contain a goodly store of popular Original Tales,
Bketcheß of Adventure on Sea and Land, and Poetlo
Gems, by the
BEST AMERICAN AUTHORS.
Also, the cream of domestic and foreign news, so
condensed ae to present the largest possible amount
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PHILADELPHIA. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1858.
%1 1 J 11 %i
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1868.
The Author of “John Halifax.”,
Miss Molook, tha novelist, will find it veiy
difficult to surpass her last work of Action,
“ John Halifax, Gentleman.” As we stated
yesterday, she has a now story in the press.
Gentle reader, permit us to inform you Who
thiswriteris.
Dinah Maria Muiock, born at Stoke-upon.
Trent, in the Staffordshire Potteries, on Maroh
26th, 1820, is the only daughter of Mr. T-BOt
has Mulook, called “ a mad Irishman’f in
Thouas Moore’s Diary. Mdlook, a member
of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, was a oolloge-olmm
of the celebrated Gborob Canning, and inuoh
about his age. This, as Canning was born tin
1770, would mako Mglook about eighty-eight
years eld. At an early age he was seized with
a tacoetket a cribendi, and has spoiled mnoh
good paper and expended much good' mowy
in the publication of theological and political
pamphlets. After the peace of 1815, be..t
fempted to set up as a lecturer on English liSl*
ratnre, at Paris, and failed. He retired to'
Geneva, where he devoted himself to fruitless
efforts to teach politics to Canning and reli
gion to Lord Byron. There are several no
tices of him in Byron’s Ravenna Letters, of
1820. Byron said that his name always re
minded him of MuiiET Moioox, of Morocco,
and speaks of “ something of wild talent in
him, mixed with a due leaven of absurdity—is
there must be in all talent let loose in the
world without a martingale.” j
During the last thirty years, Mr. MdbooJc
has been chieAy occupied in editing provincial
newspapers, in the United Kingdom, and his
two children, Dinah Maria and
were bom unto him while he was thus em
ployed in Staffordshire. The popular belief
is that he is non compos mentis. V
HU daughter, very much neglected by him,'
was chiefly self-educated. In 1813, at the age
of seventeen, she chipped the Bhell of author-!
ship, as a writer ot short Btories in Chambers’;
Edinburgh Journal, to which she waß intro
duced by Mrs. S. 0. Haul, who pitied hor,
forlorn condition, (Hulook pere had deserted,
her, and she was motherless,) and encouraged,
her talents. Before she was twenty, she hod
written two capital juvenile books, “Rhoda’A
Lessons,” and “ Cola Monti; the Story of 4
Genius.” Subsequent productions of the same
class, were «A Hero,” ‘f Tho Little Lyck-j
etta,” and “ Bread upon the Waters.” [
In 1849, she wrote a throe-volume novel,-
« Tho Ogilvics,” for Charhah k Haul, the’
London publishers. It appeared anonymous-’
jy, and exhibited considerable power. It was
greatly assisted to popularity by sonie straight-’
laced subscribers to “The Portico” library
at Manchester, who formally denounced its
tono as indelicate and its leading incident (the]
seduotion of a married woman) as
It was solomnly voted oaf of “ Tho Portico,’’
seriously voted in again, a second time expelled,
again admitted. The controversy Aoated the
book into a large circulation. “ Olive,” wholly,
unexceptionable,« Thp Head of tho Family,”
a fairy tale called « Alice Lcarmouth,” “Aga
tha’s Husband,” “ Avillon, and other Tales,”
and “ John Halifax,” have subsequently ap
peared. All her works of Action have been re
published, by the Harpers of Hew York, and
we happen to know that she 1b well satisfied
with her pecuniary transactions with those
publishers. s
- - -Kiss- HtnseoK has «sJso contHbnted 1 to the
leading periodicals. Some ot these, collected
ss “A Woman’s'Thoughts about Women,”
were mode into a volume a fow months'ago.
They have" rather a “ strong-minded” Aavor,
and her hereditary eccentricity peeps out, 1
now and then, very strongly. This volume
was repnblfshed in Hew York, but has not
caused much sensation on either side of the
water. Though her character and- conduct are
tinged with oddity, Miss Muioox’a personal
reputation is unsullied. From the moment
she began to receive money for writing, she
has charged herself with the exclusive cost of
edneating her only brother, Benjamin Mu
look, who graduated at London University)
and, os a clever engineer, is proAtably em
ployed in Australia. She lives in a modest
and nnexpensive manner at Oamden Town,
near London, unfrequently mingling with
society.
One of Miss Mulook’i oddities Is, rarely to
answer an invitation to a dinner party or a
jotre'e. She receives the invitation, and if she
goes she goes. If not, her invitor must take
it for granted that she has gone elsewhere j
that she did not feel disposed to go out; that,
whether disposed or not, she was too mnch
occupied with thought or writing to leave her
nest; or that she had one of her painlal head
aches. To a tew very particular friends she
sometimes pays very unexpected volunteer
visits.
In her conversation siio is lively and origi
nal—« full of fun,’* as the saying is—and usu
ally in good spirits. Her blue a she keeps at
home. Her figure is slight, but graceful. Her
features are commonplace enough, with large
gray eyes, very prominently set. She wears
rich apparel, badly made and worse put on.
She delights in dancing, and cannot be said to
be quito averse to a little admiration, delicately
expressed. Praise of her writings she Beems
to shrink from ,• insinuated eulogy of her looks
or dress is far from displeasing.
Amid many excellent traits of character,
Miss Mulook has one amusing falling. She
fancies herself rather misplaced in life—that
nature intended her to bo a great public dra
matio vocalist. She plays on the piano-forte
with ordinary skill (which she considers per
fection), and sings, to her own great satisfac
tion, with a passable voice in a passable man
ner. Once upon a time, an evening party
(at the Rosary, Brompton, in the suburbs of
London) was given by Mrs. S. C. Hall to
Jenny Lind, her noxt-door neighbor, just be
fore the Swedish Nightingale had made any
public appearance on the operatio stago in
England. There, in the presence of the late
Madame Doloken, the great piano-forte play
er, Miss placed herself at the piano,
and sang a number of Moose’s Irish melodies,
not to the music arrangements which he had
published, but to non-descript variations,
which, (she insisted,) were the original Irish
airs, spoiled by Moons and Sir Joint Steven
son in adaptation, and faithfully restored by
herself. Unhappily, as Moore’s peetry did
not at all agree with her poauliar melodies,
singer and auditsrs were somewhat in a diffi
culty. However, she rattled through eight or
ton songs, whilo plump little Dulokek, whoso
teeth must have been on edge all the time,
moved uneasily on hor chair, as if in actual
pain of body, and Jenny Lihd, whose aston
ishment had gradually settled down into
amusement, wore a most impassable look—
only now and then showing her utter inability
wholly to restrain her smiles. Miss Mdlook’s
voluntary exhibition lasted over an hour, and,
at its close, her audience had increased to
sixty or seventy persons, who knew not what
to make of it. Jenht Lind, as wo subse
quently learned, believed, for some time, that
MlssMolook’s was given as a fair speoimen
of English playing and singing, especially
presented for her own particular delight. Her
impression wap more mirthful than flattering.
Miss Mulook quitted the piano with the self
satisfied air of one who had largely contribu
ted to the company’s amusement, as indeed
she had—but not exactly as she bad intended.
This was eleven years ago—early in 1847
and perhaps the now celebrated authoress
knows more of the world than to make any
blunder of the same character again. She
simply believed that she played and sang in
imitably, and kindly got up the exhibition for
the especial delectation of Jehnt Lihd, and
dear, rotund, smiling, and wondroußly-glfled
little Madame Ddloken.
Though her father, on the numerous
chances and changes of his mortal life, has
preached, as an amateur dfssentiDg
minister, Miss Mynocs; has never been any
thing but a member ot the Protestant Episco
pal Church of England. Across the water,
he it noted, to have been received into the
church, by baptism and subsequent profession
of faith, constitutes positive membership, nor,
except In cases of known bad character or
notorious enmity with another member, can
any Church of England clergyman refuse to
administer the Holy Sacrament to any pro
fessing Christian whe kneels at the altar to
receive it. Whether he be & worthy recipient
or not, rests not between the individual and
the clergyman, but between himself and his
God.
Miss Muloox has decided religious belief,
and roligious impressions—but she sees no
harm in attending the performance of a play,
assisting in the representation of an opera, or
joining in a polka or cotillion in a private
party. She is an amiable, kind-hearted, charita
ble middle-aged young woman, very likely to.
remain a perpetual member of the Most Noble
Order of Old Maids—a portion of society whom
we, and other peoplo of the pen, are too fond
of ridiculing. For there never yet was mor
tal woman, who, before spe had. aobieved
her twenty-second year, has not bad at least
three offers of marriage. Miss Mulook: is not
a “SAint” by profession, and has, probably
never visited Exeter Hall, to listen to tho out
pourings of “My liord phylactery,” aqd
other high Pharisocs. But she Is a good,
charitable, odd young lady, and (her later
writings especially) devotes her- pon to
inculcate good precepts to live *or die by.
Semper Jloreat Dinah!
[For The Press.*!
PATMOS.
BY TUB AOIUO* OP “ T&B TWO POUKYAIMS.”
“ % was in the [Spirit on tho Lord’s Day, and heard
behind me a great Yoioe, as of s tempest,
“ Baying, I am Alpha and Omega, (be first sad tl>e
fust: sod what thou seest write in a book, and send it
unto the seven churches which are in Asia.”
[Revelations, I—lo,ll.
I stand upon lo&rte’s shore:
The dashing of the Lydian wave
Has ceased, and the bushed winds no more
Swell music thpqgb each hollow oave.
>Tia eve, and purple clouds aloft,
Float o’er the sky all wildly free,
Through which the fading sun-light soft,
Settles upon the JEgeon sea.
Now stars shine out in beauty fair,
And light that bare and desert strand,
Where stern Miletus, high Id air,
Frowns on that false and fallen land:
Land where the sainted Patriarchs knelt,
In by-gone years, in solemn prayer—
Land where the holy Prophets dwelt,
And drank in Inspiration there.
And as from Memory’s page I glean
Memorials of the glowing Pant,
What oherished objects crowd the scene!
Remembrances how rioh and vast!
And when, as on some msglo scroll,
The picture of that wondrons time
I see displayed, my horning soul
Is ravished by the view sublime!
There, ’mid those clustered Isles, where yet
The ling’rlng light of evening lies,
As though the dawp and darkness met
Beneath the rich Sporqdean skies,
Is the famed Pathos of that one
' Of the blest brotherhood of old
Who his Great Master’s lore had won—
A prise surpassing gems and gold—
Above all others : He who, on,
That sac ed breast could lean hlskead,
And feel that God’s incarnate Son
On him His precious favor shed;
Who, listening to his Master’s voice,
While yet He trod life’s ragged path,
Could in that Master’s love rejoice,
* Through stripes and bonds, to blood and death.
/ Patuos ! Thou sacred spot! Tho same,
*' Unchanged by lapse of time and years,
'As when the Apostle bent his traxne,
And gave to Heaven hlspravers and tears!
broken rock, the fraetnied shell,
And In that solitary cell
The Prophet beaton-sent visions found!
Still rouod that rough aud craggy shore,
The fee In waves of nmsto flows,
As erst when Roman legions bore
Their captive to bis calm repose.
Where are those legions now ? That power
Which neither pity knew, nor fear T
Like pageants of a little hoar,
They passed—hut Pathos yet Is here!
Salome’s sou I 0, would that I
Hod power of Inspiration given,
To sketch thee, as in years gone by,
Blooming in youth—beloved of heaven—
T*y Saviour's friend, thoa, at his side
Walked by Galilean sea, or stood
On Jordan’s bank, while he, thy Guide,
Taught the assembled multitude;
Or, when at Cana's marriage feast,
Where water, charmed, blushed rabj bright
At Bis great word—that sacred guest
Who came to bless the nuptial rite:
There would I seek thy form to trace—
Thy smile which oheered the festal board—
fiweet reflex of each gentle grace,
Beloved companion of thy Lord!
Or, when upon the mountain wild,
Where the tall palm trees’ branches wave,
Thy Master spoke, in accents mild,
The words that could from ruin save
A wretched world—to mark thine eye
Watching hla loveliness, who stood
Beneath the arch of His own sky,
And blesied the poor, the meek, the good!
But all is rain No art or mice
Can ever give to earth again
Scenes so esilted and divine,
Sc »i*>ies«, ar*d so free from st*in.
Yet Genius h\th its ralsilon high,
To pilot the darkest, brl?ht?a' hour,
And Rafbaiu’6 pencil fremt.e sk'
Hath drawn Its strange, mysterious power.
So, too, Da Vinci—he, wheat fame
Chose for Its th'me Ihat ri'h
Where with H 0 chosen came,
To sanet tj th* null w no—
There, with a scilful master-hand,
r e lineaments of grace has glvn
To thee—the youngest ol that band—
The .oved D aciple, blessed of Hoaven l
And. as in dreary exile, where
Thy kindling eye pierced worlds unknown,
And sought within those realms so fair,
The loved on earth, no more thine own—
There hath Domeniohi.vo traced
That malchless gem, unmarred by time,
Where glows thy image richly graced,
Thy features marked by thoughts subllmo.
Thy desert home ! Through clouds, that threw
O’er thee their folds of light and shade,
The Messenger of Mercy flew,
Nor tarried on his coarse, nor stiyed:
Winging his flight, he held his way
Through bouudleas space, to reach thy oell,
And o’er thee, on God’s sacred day,
Heaven’s owu high inspiration fell.
Then thou “ wert in the spirit.” Death
Lay prostrate ’neath thy Master’s might—
No danger awed—no mortal breith
Could quench that ray of living light.
Thy prayer had ceased, thy hymn was done,
And. o’er the sea, his beams of gold
Were oast by the refulgent sun,
As angel bands their wonders told.
Like the shrill trumpet’s lofty swell,
Echoing thy prison walls around,
There came a voice, whose accen’s fell
Upon thy ear with startling sound.
0 ! then, what bliss, what transport thine,
As 00 thy sight tbe vision came,
While Friendship, breathed from lips Divine,
In kindness spoke thv cherlshtd name !
Here I must pause—nor daro pursue,
Through unseen realms, my feeble flight,
Realms dstzlingly beyor.d the view
Of earthly orbs encased in night.
Let but the prlvi'ege be mine
To msrk th’ Apocalyptic scroll,”
Where tby inspired dreams divine
Glow on each page and charm each soul.
Favored of mortals ! All Is dark
In the far dime that gave birth—
There Pagan arms have quenched the spark
That once illumed tby parent earth :
Pathos, thy prison, yet remains—
The white'winged eoa-bird’s safe abode—
But silence, deep and awful, reigns
Where once angelic footsteps trod!
Long ye»ra h»Te lapsed since thou did’st stand
Beside tby dying Bavlour’s cross—
Departed all that little band,
Who saw His fate, and mourned His loss ;
And tbe dry earth did drink their blood—
His messengers of mereyfree—
They passed through trials homo to God;
Yet Pathos stands beside the sea!
And Ephesus still claims thy dust.
’Twas there they laid thy blighted form,
To share corruption’s blackened rust,
A banquet for the sullen worm.
Bat, safe in realms celestial, bright,
Where tby Great Master reigns to bless,
Thy spirit, bathed in cloudless light,
Lives in eternal Righteousness!
Cool.—lce formed on the deck of the ferry
boat at Staton Island, New York, and the thermo
meter marked 30 degrees nt sunrise, on last Tues
day morning. The military say it is" quite cool”
in their touts,
ADDRESS
Delivered at the Eighth Annual Exhibition of
the Pennsjlvanla State Agricultural Society,
at Pittsburgh, on Friday, October 1, 1858, by
GEN. WILLIAM A. STOKES,
OF WBStUOEBLAND COUNTY.
Mb. President, Ladies, and Gbntlbvbn;
Many an anxious moment was passed tills morning
on this ground. It seemed that the weeping hea
vens were plaoing a damper on your hopes. I was
not afraid, for I saw the sun set last night, glowing
and brilliant. I reoolleoted what Shakspeare said:
“ The weary sun hath made a golden set,
And, by the bright track of his fiery car,
Gives token of a goodly day to*morrow.”
And is this not a goodly day, when tho farmers
of tho Stato are assembled toooßsider how best they
oan strengthen and exalt our good old mother—
the Commonwealth ? God forever bless her !
With unfeigned reluotanoe and distrust I ac
cepted the invitation of the managers of the State
Agricultural Sooiety to appear in this position—a
position originally assigned to another and a very
different man—to Stephen A. Douglas, whose very
name, as I now pronounce It, thrills on the hearts
of ail the women, and all the honest men who
hear me. ' .•* ,
No one more deeply regrets that he Is not here
to address you—no one more deeply 'regrets that
the misfortune of his absenoe is so inadequately
compensated. •
Rut I oonsole myself by
plain path is always that of.dnty, anda,
therefore, without farther comment, to the per
formance of the duty whioh perilous partiality
has assigned me.
Of the many excellent agricultural addresses
whioh we have heard, distinguished often by eleva
ted eontiment, forcible writing, and undoubted
learning, near all have been based on topics with
whioh, in the ordinary affairs of, our farms, wa
have no immediate oonoorn. j
Dignified and elevated as Is the colling of a!
husbandmen, considered in reference td l pursuits?
whioh bring him into perpetualinteroourse with
nature, innooent and lovely, or results whioh feed*
and clothe the world, originate oommoroe, extend;
tho boundaries of civilization,-and seoure all the :
riohos that sustain soienoe and art, refinement,
and loiters, freedom and prosperity, it is never-’
tholeps a oailing of plain, praotioal detail, inj
which grand effeoty aye dependent on an infinite!
eorioa of minute oquees.
All eoonomies consist of isa&ing qnd saving ::
theso are the essential elements of accumulation!
and the Bole sources of wealth—either being ab-i
sent, want and destruction inevitably fol.ow. j
Modern farming looks perhaps too exolnsivety
to the former—-seeks too sedulously the single ob
ject of increasing the aggregate products* qf the
soil. Our fathers of the lough gave to the latter
undue weight, aud limited their crops by un
excessive oaution whioh restrained expenditure'
within limits too oonfined.
Exaggerated types of these respective classes'
are to be found, on the one hand, in the fancy far
mer, who, with foolish boldness of extravaganoe,,
by expensive ohpmioal manures and costly me-i
ohaoioal contrivances, deepens and strengthens
his land, Alls h-'s stables and pens with Improved
stook, beautiful, but delio&te, regardless of elim&te'
and the many onuses *by whioh artificial races of
animals are affected, grasps with instant eagerness
at every new theory or prootioe whioh is recoin-!
mendod by men as inexperienced as himself, and
ends either in absolute ruin or In a moderate mo
modification of this extreme rashness, under
whioh wise but oostly he profits'
himsolf and confers on his neighbors the aouble
benefit of being to them at onoo a warning and a
modpl.
‘ On the other hand, we sometimes see a man who
obstinately adheres to an antiquated oonrse of
soourging orops, rude implements, skinning oulti*.
vation, dilapidated buildings, raw-boned stook,
and grudging a dollar of outlay. however judicious,
becomes every year poorer by this false economy.’
Both these men are' wrong. But the former,
though injuring himself, may pe useful to others—>
the latter is qn unmixed evil. The human family,
must be fed and olothed by the prodnoe of .the
eo|l. Owners of land are, therefore, trustees for
the public—they hold in their hands the lives of
(be peoplo—they aro bound faithfully to adminis-i
ter their trusts, not only to cause the earth to'
yield its fruits, but to preserve it in condition for,
continuous servioe.
Praotlc&lly, all this is done or negleoted by in- !
dividuals on separate farms. Each farmer is e>\
law to himself, but is held accountable by Natnre 1
for any abuse of his power, for Nature uniformly;
acts by invariable laws, and punishes every vio*:
lation of them. Let ns see, then, how eaoh men-,
aroh should govern his little empire—how eaoh
farmer should manage his fimn, In detail, there'
is infinite variety, for no two farms and no two
men are exaotly alike. Certain leading) general:
rales, however, apply to all. !
Farming is a buriness. It requires capital, and'
!tß~uxtetttiF limited )>y the amount oT capital.'”
Land la in itself utterly.^valueless. This very soil,
bn whioh we stand, two hundred years ago, was
wholly without appreciable prioe. The remote!
reoessef of South America, land extremely fertile,
are to-day worth nothing. Landis nothing until
touohed by the hand of man, guided by themlnd
of man. Manual labor is barely competent, under*
favorable olroumstanoes, to extort from the earth
a precarious sustenance for the laborer. We re
quire more than this—permanent habitation—com-.-
fortable olothing—provision for old age—the
decent breeding of eur obildren—time tor intelleo-,
tn&l and moral purposes—in short, civilised man
demands a superfluity, and this oan be attained'
only by aiding human by brute labor, and both by
meohanioal adjuncts. For this—the pnrohase of
stock and implements— money is neoessary, and it ;
is also necessary for support until the results of
toil are realised. Thus, oapital is as essential In
the business of agriculture as in any other.
One of the first great and invariable rules,
therefore, for all farmers is not to extend their
operations beyond their capital. Ho who does
must either go in debt—and systematic debt is
oertsin ruin—or he must negleot the just demands
of his farm for cultivation.
The tailor outs his ooat aooordiog to his cloth—
tho farmer mu*t cultivate aocording to his means,
not according to his land, but to his power of fairly
developing the riohes of that land.
On this rook we are apt to wreok. We lay our
hands on as many acres as possible, and fanoy that
inorease of quantity is inoreaso of riohes. This is
a great national blunder, dangerous to tbe indivi
dual, and injurious to the community.
When we fail to seoure that point of produotive
pewer whioh touohes the limits of remuneration
we are abasing the sife of God. We are exolu
ding others from their rights, for our highest
title to land extends nQt beyond our power to use
it, if by a vain attempt wo prevent its use by
others.
More is a man who has two hundred aeres of
land, and a oapital of one thousand dollars. We
will suppose it to be good limestone olay. A fair
investment ofL his money oapital may be thus
made:
1 pair of horses $2OO
1 plough and harrow, 12 and 6. •.. 18
1 wagon 100
1 harness
4 cows ,
Figs and 0bi0k0n5........
Fond lor ono year
Seed—2o ooros of wheat, 40a1....... 1
oats, flou3o.
Seed—3o
Seed potatoes, 20a5Q * 10
Wages of oneband 125
Calanoe of taxes, support of family, et 0...... 108
It Is very doubtful whether his $l,OOO will go
thus far, and do all this. But suppose it does, has
it furnished him the moans of properly cultivating
two hundred aores of land ?
It oertainJy has not. One-third of the farm,
assuming it to bo a grain farm, sbould bo in whoat
every year, and adding corn, oats, and potatoes,
one-half of it should be ploughed. One team will
not do this. It will require two, at least, and if the
quantity of oorn and potatoes be what it should,
threo teams will not be too many. This involves
two more bands, and a proportionate inoreaso of
outlay. In short, by doubling expense it doubles
the amount of oapital required. In this, I say
nothing of tho absolute necessity of keeping a
large stook of horned oattle; but if tho land is
to be kept in heart, muny oattle must be fed, so as
to use on the premises all the straw and bay, and
I may add, most of the corn and all tbe oats, for
thelattor is an unprofitable orop in this part of
tbe State, and not a bushel should be raised for
sale.
As a farm, such ns we are considering, requires
at leftst $2,000 oapital, it is plain that a man with
$lOOO has but half aohauoe, and if he have but a few
hundred dollars, his life is a perpetual struggle—
bis land is Imperfeotly tilled—his stook tew in
number, and mean of condition, and the man Is de
pressed by the eonsolousness that ho is not fulfilling
uis duty.
Now this is exaotly the situation of the larger
number of us. We are too poor, as we say. The
truth is we are too rioh in land Wo undertake
to oarry a load beyond our strength, and thus many
of as load lives of hopeless toil. Our ohildron may
be rioh from our labors, or from tho inoreased
value of laud but surely the present should not be
martyred for the future. Moderate lubor, rea
Bonable rest, healthy comfort, freedom from op
pression, time for wholesome thought, innocent ro
oreation—all these every industrious and honest
man has a right to oxpect. How few of us realize
this rational existence. How generally the failure
to seoure the sweets of life results from onr having
more land than we can rightly use.
Our soil Is almost virgin. The stumps of the
olearlngs aro still visible everywhere. It is not as
in Europe, whore generations of nations have
drawn from the earth its hidden treasures; and
yet, behold already tbe comparative sterility of
our land, which might, by proper cultivation, be
oomo tho garden of tho world. Instead of seeing
fields of wheat bearing thirty bushols to the oore,
ten, twelve, or fifteen, is the ordinary yield; whore
three tons of hay should be out, hardly ono is tho
product; where thriving fruit trees might bo ex
peoted, bending beneath the weight of delioious
fruit, our eyes aro pained by the atght of gnarled,
stunted, and half-dead trees, searoely able to sus
tain the vitality of a few diseased leaveß that oome
forth as if to reproaoh their owners by their con
sumptive appearanoo. If they had tonguos to
Bpeak, how bitterly would they complain of their
treatment It is not beoauso Nature is so miserly
that sbo will sot reward man for his labor, but
beouuso man will not let her yield hor bounty to
his labor.
The fault is with oursolvos—all this sterility, all
oomploints of hard living and inadequate rewards
which we ecmtinually make, although we have
large traots of land. We attempt to joap wnoro
we nave not sowed. Wo struggle ogniDSt a great
and universal law. We attempt, in short, to cul
tivate too muoh land.
Our farmers have from fifty to five huadrod
aoros under what they oall cultivation btm
they aro in debt, and in many oases the moro they
possess the worse they are off. Their land is scat
tered far and nonr—ten aoros hero, and tnenty
there, instead of being compaot and altogether.
In this way more time is often loßt in going from one
lot to another,in building thefenoee of other people,
»nd keeping oat theiroattle, ttwn the whole income
of the land amounts to. So, too, this irregularity jn
l volves unneoesaary and increased ooat for fencing.
There is, perhaps, not a farm in this county where
\ the most oppressive of all taxes, that of fencing,
might not I>e greatly diminished by having the
fields of the same size, and of, a square, or, at
least, reotangular shape. Wei have too many
fenoes, and they are made-too expensively. No
farm' should have, for a fair course of oropa, more
- toan six fields, and all beyond ia a waste of wood,
‘ or .t 6 ’ °J tem per, of land, encouragement of the
of weeds, and breaohiness or stook. For
i au the oonseqnenoes of this exoessive and unman
: •‘SIS 1 J of What I. tha remedy ?
Sell half of it and spend the proceeds on the
remainder, and thus make what yon hare yield a
liberal inoome. Got rid thus of y OUP anxiety,
your toil, of your evar-roourring disappointment.
This may appear to thoso who hero followed in
tha footsteps of their forefathers, of adding Bold to
field, as the height of folly, but I am oonfidont it
is the only salvation for many of our people.
Depenjl upon it, there is no oourse so suicidal as
that of attempting to oultlvate two hundred aotea
when your means are hardly adequate to do Justice
to half the quantity.
Take the man who has fifty acres of naturally
good land, and but a certain amount of oapl."
tal, lime, manure, Ad., to use in its cultiva
tion, whioh !s hot enough to keep it in a oondition
to pay that attention to rotation of orops which it
requires: is it not evident that the land and the
owner mast suffer? Would not all sensible per
sons oondemn such a oourse in others? Yet how
many such instances are to be seen all around us ?
I believe it woqld be for the interest of snoh per
soDS-rCertainly for the oomraanity—even to giv*
kway a portion of their land/;rather than have'
too ninoh in their care ■ ‘Belf-Wlsiest teaohes it is
sound polioy for such a man to sell what he can
not properly use, for he would.gain time to devote
to the remainder, money- to purchase all that it
requires, bis orops would yield, in double ratio, his
land increase in value a* Ifinbrtasw infertility,
and thus he would be'in every, way Benefit ted.
Wp have all seen acres of the best landoverrnn
with daises, bnrdooks, thistles, mullefis, and'other
noxious plants, that root out the grass and 1 eat up
the very life'of the soil,'.without afTordiug nourish*
meat to toah- or. beast, which might, by »little at
tention, yield a rich harvest. But. these farmers.
who have too maoh land and tea little money, have
P® t>me or means to attend to these details, and
the land beoomea worse than useless, for it is evi
dent that land mast either inorease in fertility or
decrease in value There is no middle way—it
’ must afford a profit or be an expense.
Look again at- the swamp and meadow lands,
found almost'everywhere to greater or less extent,
now comparatively worthless, and causing sickness
and aeajlL in their vioiniiy.* Look at our spouty
soils where, winter after winter, the wheat is frozen
oat and our expectations of reward harvest are
blighted. ' v :> -
These soils are really the best we have.- Bnt
they require draining, that the superfloods iribis
Jure may be safely and quietly oarrted off.’ To do
this—to reolaim these lands and make them moat
productive, requires generally bnt a small outlay
of money and time. Commonly, the owners have
neither to spare for these important purposes, be-
they have already too mnch land demanding
suoh imperfeot attention as they are alone able to
give It.
Many a young man goes to California in search
of gold, when, on his father’s farm, there are
mines of wealth like these, easily worked and
certain to return abundant gains.
Our forms, generally too large for our oapltal,
should bear a just proportion to our power to
evolve their resources. At present we skim the
surface, and Incur for half crops much of the toil
whioh ought to produoe suoh returns as we find in
England, where fifty bushels to the aore is not un-
ÜBual
It is true that-the subdivision of laud <may be
o&rried too far, for there is a limit to the produo*
tive power. In Ireland, before the famine of 1847,
moat of the holders of land cultivated less than'au
aore. It just managed to sustain life, 0 but gave
neither comfort nor surplus. The 1 failure .'of the
potato crop plunged almost the whole population
into instant destitution. Hundreds of thousands
died; hundreds of thousands emigrated; these
small holdings were almost abolished, and in
creased sise offarms followed.
In France the absence of tho law of primogeni-'
fare has oaueed -an almost infinite subdivision ef>
land. The vast mass of. tho rural population of
France live oh two to ten acres of land. This is'
too little. But the faot that families do live on’
the produots of these small patches/and this in a ;
country subjected toaniveraal and severe taxation,'
shows tho wonderful provision of Nature,for the
support of her ohiidren.
Having then resolved that we will not undertake
to cultivate more land than we can do justice to,'
the next question is,.what is the measure of each ■
man’s o&paoitv? No oertaln role can be laid
down of invariable application. Tho oharaoter of
the land, the nature of the 'produots, and many
other elements, go to make the conclusion.' Every
one must judge for himself,' taking oare to allow
no part of his larm to go below the highest profit
able standard.
•a As a generaljrole r hoTfev,er* Ujp**v baeonsiderod
that, fer every' forty acres of arable land, there
should be a man and a pair of horsoa. Besides
this, if there he much stock, there should be an
extra hand to attend it.
Eaoh man should, on a large farm, have his pe
culiar duty, but all' should be ready to unite for
tbe common good. The minute subdivision of
labor which marks tho English system of husband
ry, and certainly protiuoes wonderful results, is
impracticable and inexpedient in this oountry.
Our people are more generally intelligent, more
flexible, adaptable, and available, and have the
happy' faculty of turning their hand to almost
anything; and I venture to Bay that tho whole
world does not present a olass of men equal in all
respeots to the rural population of Pennsylvania
With all their faults, they have fewer faults than
any people whom I have anjr knowledge of.
Having your farm of a siie adapted to your
means, the next point is, how is it to be cultivated?
Various In many other respeots, this one general
rule may be safely followed—that the soil should
be oultiv&ted to the greatest praotioable, available
depth. I Bay practicable, meaning attainable by
ordinary means, and when I speak of available
depth, I mean suoh a depth as will stir up a soil
capable of contributing to vegetable life.
It would be bad economy to resort to excessive
power, at monstrous expense, for the purpose of pe
netrating the ground to a great depth, and it
would be absurd to stir up & sub-soil composed of
gravel, stones, or such other material as hardly
contributes to fertility. But with these reasonable
limitations, tbe deeper vou plough the better.
Consider a moment that the aggregate produc
tive power of land depends upon the quantity ren
dered available for vegetables, whether this ag
gregate be of great superfioes and shallow depth,
or of limited surface and greater depth. Tho ab
solute quantity of available matter, tbe propor
tions being preserved, will remain the same. If
one man cultivates one hundred aores to the depth
of four inohes, and bis neighbor, with only fifty
aores, ploughs eight inohes deep, each, in point of
faot, cultivates the same quantity of ground.
The only difference is, that one has it spread over
a larger surface than the other.
As muoh of the oost of cultivation depends al
most exclusively on the extent of surface , it is
olear that the more condensed the farmer’s opera
tions the better. It Is cheaper to raise thirty
bushels of wheat from one aore than it is to raise
it on two aores, and so with all other orops. The
real extent of onr farms may be enormously en
larged downwards without buying the land, with
out inoreafied taxation, without additional cost for
fencing, keeping all snug, oompaot, aud under our
eye.
lOO
In a wet season, deep ploughing, and especially
sub-soiling, operates as a series of drains te oarry
off the superfluous moisture; in a dry season, it
affords a reservoir of water, whioh dampen 1 * the
earth and nourishes plants, bo that by deop plough
ing we almost defy the contingencies of weather.
Oue very dry summer, when the oorn orop gen e
rally failed, I had about one hundred bushels of
ears iu the core. The field bad been ploughed
sixteen inches deep, eight inobes with Hail A
Speer’s largest iron plough, and eight inches below
that with Rodgers’ sub-soil. You must not be
afraid of the hard pan, as it is oalled This is a
rioh virgin soil, whioh only needs to be penetrated
by the air to yield abundant return. Mixed with
the surface soil both are improved. Theohewioal
elements of the one supply those whioh are ex
hausted in tho other. The disintegration of the
lattor loosona by admixture tbe toxture of the
former. There is hardly a limit to the advan
tages of deep and thorough stirring of the soil.
tF.Tbere is, however, a limit to theextent to whioh
we should push these views. We ought not to go
boyond the line of profit. 80 long as tho inoreased
cost is more than repaid by tbe inoreased oropi we
are safe, but when this condition of affairi oeasea
we must step. We must not run a good thing into
tho ground toe far. Each farmer must determine
the eoonomio limit for himself. There oan be no
Invariable rate bat to treat the land fairly. I
have found it profitable to plough and subsoil six
teen inches deep. The cost is about double that
of ordinary ploughing, and ordinary ploughing is
not really over four or five inohos deep. It
amounts, in faot, to expending about one and a
half dollars extra on eaeh acre of land—a small
matter, if half the advantages are realized whioh
reason and experience teaoh us to believe we have
right to expect.
These disoursive remarks aro fit only to be oon
sidored as suggestive to wiser men of the true poll
oy of farmerßonthe important subjeotsto whioh
your attention has been oalled. We are all apt to
be seduced by plausible theory. We are all liable
to be deluded by tho first favorable results of ox
experiment, into excess of expenditure, followed
often by disappointment. “Wisely and slowly”
is the true maxim for the farmer. ( It is not wise
to be too slow; but oalm consideration should pre
cede, and oautiouß aotion should ocoompauy every
important change. Improve as we may, or oan,
and should, the essential operations of agriculture
are what they were two thousand years ago, and
what they must be to the end of time. Nourish
ment of plants by the notion of the atmosphere on
the soil is the eternal law. Now plants, uew , v^"
rieties, improved modes of opening the B*°™! to
fructifying influences, of supplying tho ohemioal
elements absorbed by suooesnvo °™P 3 >
planting, reaping and preserving the produots of
our farmir-all these are perpetually developing
in Infinite variety, and almost unlimited extent,
the hidden treasures Oi tbo land.
Let us not, witnessing what man has done in
these regards, forget that supreme above all-only
sure reli»noe-is the Divine declaration, “I will
irive you the rain of your land in due season, the
first rain and the latter rain, that thou mayeßt
gather in thy corn, and thy wine, and thino oil.
And I will send grass in thy fields for thy oattle,
that thou mayest eat and be fall.”
Let it not be supposed, because the remarks
whioh I have submitted are so praotioal and home-
I ly. that I am insensible to tho true dignity of a
farmer’s life and labor. My distinguished prede
cessors on this staud have eloquently vindicated
the sublime oalling on which rests the world’s ex-
Istonoe. Without following them I agreo with
them. Yes, fellow-farmers —
In ancient times the sacred plough employed
The kinxs and awful fathers of mankind,
And tome, compared with whotn your insoct tribes
Are but the beings of a summer day.
Have held their soale of empire, ruled tho tide of mighty
Then, WHS unweailefi h.nfi, disdaining little delloacl..,
Belted tho plough, and greatly ind.p.ad,nt lived.
TWO CENTS.
NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Correspondents for << Tsx paasa” will please hear la
saind tke following rules:
common! oatiou must be aooompantod by toe
tU '* Id order to insure eorreetoesfl of
batf side of toe sheet should lie
We shall be.
vania and other ln VennsjU
**nt news of the 4ay In spring to# our
resources of the surrounding toe
population, or any InformatfoathAi wiM of
to the general reader. >-V* (■> fl* -•
general news.
18 to haTe another opponent,
Herr Anderson, the weU
r.ln tbe tournament of 1881, la on hla
rin£ tO TW(! £ > . 00Ilt ?iia against the young Cham
pion. Until hie arrival Mr Morphy is having hla
dally jousta at the Oafo ile la Eegence again* all
oomerfl. In a lettar to Mr. Staunton, renewing
his challenge, Mr. Morphy says: “I am not a
professional player—that I never wished to make
any skill I possess tbe meane of peenniary advanoo
ment—and that my earnest desire is never to play
for any stoke bnt honor. My friends in New Or
leans, however, subscribed aoertaisjum, without
any eountenanoe from me, and that sum has been
ready for you to meet a considerable time post.”
Telegraph dp tmb Missodbi Hives. — Mr.
Brake, agent of the Associated Press,arrived here
lost evening, says the .Kansas City Journal , of
Ootober 21st, by tbe Eastern State, and informs us
that the telegraph poles are already up for about
two miles this slab of Lexington, at onoe: By the
last of thle month, or the first week In November,
we may oxpeot to see the wire in this oily, when,
by means of “ eleotrioal manifestations ” and the
dot and line ” alphabet, we shall, be in dally
oommumoation with the “ rest of mankind.” This
we regard as the beet news that we have received
lor a long time.
The Coronation at Ltnohburo. YA.—Th©
coronation of the Queen of Love and Beauty, by
the inooessfnl knight in the lets tournament at
the fair grounds, took place at the Norvel House.
In.tfae midst of a brilliant' assembly,on last Thurs
day night.' The lady thus distinguished w*e Miss
Msgrudcr, of Amherst county, who bore her blush
ing honors-with-oharmlog modesty and grace, The
coronation speeoh was delivered by-G.-W- Latham,
Esq., of Lynchburg. The beautiful maids of honor
were, first, Miss Bowens'delden. of Lynehbuig;
.second. Miss Bettie Daval/’of Bfehmohd; and
third, Miss Orsie Williams, of Bedford.
: Tub Mormons.—-According to the San An*
tonio Herald, Colonel Kinney baa concluded his
negotiations with the Mormoos for toe sale, of hi*
interest in Central America. The sum fixed is
tub millions of dollars, and hefUm,already received
two hundred thousand of the purobAse’morfey.' If
tofs statement be true, the'Mormons are deter
mined at some future time to remove • from Utah.
The leaders may believe it impossible to remain
there ip peace and safety, and beaoe the rumored
purchase from' 001. Kinney. The story, however,
needs confirmation.
Thb (< Sportino CntraoH” la the way an
English paper announces tbe faot of rixoJergymefi
of- the Oburch of England taking out shooting li
censes this year. The gua-be&ring clerical brigade
are handsomely noticed by tbe press, »*nd jt would
appear that 41 shooting parsons 1 ’ will be no more
tolerated than are now tne olerioa! port-punishing
fox-hunters whose rod coats and top-boots wero
area at every “ meet” in the good old times of the
Georges. The lusty renters are told to mind.their
pastoral Hooks and leave the feathered ones alone.
Mr. Waxen, In one of his late letters to
the Journal of Commerce, says We may aop-
Sose the Moslem pilgrimages to Mecca and Me
ina to be a prodigious physical as well as moral
nuisance. Or the two'hundred thousand devotees
of the present year a third at least have perished
by maladies, not epidemio, but simply incident to
their observances and modes of living during their
sojourn in the holy cities. The appearanea of such
of the survivors as returned by Egypt is described
in letters from Alexandria as wretched { Q the ex
treme.” 1
Another North Pols Expedition.—At a
late meeting of the Boston' Natural‘History So
ciety, & letter was read from Dr. Isaac Hayes to
the president, announcing his intention of making
another attempt to reartk the north- pole of the
earth, and asking for the influence of -tne Society
in behalf of the objeot. The letter was accompa
nied by the report of toe Aeademy of Natural
Scienoes of Philadelphia on the Bame subjeot. The
matter was referred to a committee.
The St. Loots Herald says that at a fire in
that city last*week <( a fire-proof safe, of imposing
appearance and high proportions, standing outride
tho building, and apparently out of danger, oansht
fire and was entirely censnmed. An examination
showed it to be made of common sheet iron, thin
ner even tbBn that used for stove pipes, and filled
in with pine. With a mallet and a common sheath
knife a man could have' cut the whole thing to
pieces in fifteen minutes.” ,
lowa. —Gqv. Grimes, of lowa,bas issued*
proclamation declaring; that, in accordance with
the decision of the commissioners appointed for toe
purpose oflooatingtheoapitalof the Statbof lowa, '
the Constitution and laws establish the capital at
Des Moines and the State university at lowa cltjt-
The offices of that State will be forth 4rith removed
to Bos Moines,.and the next Legislature .will as
semble there.
Immense Taxes.—Some idea of the Im
mense, wealth of Wm. B Astor, says the corres
pondent of toe Charleston Courier, may be ascer
tained from the faot that he pays-, this year tbe
earn of sBsyGso-tex*a. *But thle, eves; is sot half*
of Mr. Aster’s colossal fortune. His personal pro
perty is In toe stocks of corporations, which are
taxed upon those corporations, and not upon toe
individuals who make U up.
Bad and Good.— One sporting man of New
York lost $5,000, and another won $3 000,* on the
late gladiatorial oonflot between Morrissey.and
Heenan.
The Lose of the Austria .
CARP *ROJI TH* SURVIVING OFFICERS IN .NOLAND.
}To the Editor of the London Times.} 11
Sir; We, the undersigned, first, second, and
third officers, and six of the crew belonging to the
Austria, and having arrived in England, on board
the Ireland, Captain Jackson, from Fayal, have
read tbe different statements of passengers about
the loss of our vessel, and beg to add our state
ment, showing what has been done ou our part.
We leave it to every one to judge whether we nave
done our duty or not. The full protest having to
be made up before the competent authorities at
Hamburg, we here only give account of what we
personally experienced.
The seoond and third offioers had the watoh, and
were on -deck when the first ory of fire broke oat
at two o’clock, on Monday afternoon, the 13th of
September. The captain, who was in his oabln
at the time, eame instantly up the bridge, and
gave orders to attend to the pumps The engine
at the same time was put at half speed, and the
signal was given to work the steam pump. There
was a regularly organized firo-roll for our vessel,
each man having his place marked out at the
pumps, and being exercised to their use. At the
command of the oaptain, the men of the fire-roll ran
below to the pumps and began working them, but
immediately fonnd that they drew no water, tbe
pipes being precisely at tbe spot where the fire broke
out. and tbe lead having therefore melted. The
steam pump could also not work for the same reason.
The men were, moreover, forced to leave the
pumps, as the fire and smoke surrounded them.
In the course of fifteen minutes from the com
mencement of the fire, tho three decks were in «
blaze It was impossible to stop the engine, as
ono could not get to it ou account of the fire.
1 here was hardly any wind at the time, merely
tbe draught oaueed by tbe motion of tbe vessel.
The captain sooiog the impossibility of overpower
ing the fire, then ordered the men to lower the
boats. There were on board eight boats, viz:
three Franois’ metaHio life-boats, capable of
containing 60 persons each ; two wooden and
motallio lifo-boat, capable of containing
each 50 persons; two smaller weoden jdly
boats, capable of containing from SO to 40 persons
e&oh. The boats were in perfect order ready,
and so fastened that they might be lowered in the
shortest possible time. There existed a regular
boat roll on tho vessel, so that eaob man knew to
whioh boat to attend in oase of need, nnder tho
command of an officer or sub-officer The men
wore hindered in getting to tbe boats by the fran
co passengers, who already had rushed to them.
Wo tried to repel them by all means in our power,
but in vain. The four boats on the starboard soon
oaaght fire, this aide being most exposed to the
flame*. On the larboard four boats were lowered,
but three of them were smashed before they
reached the water, by the people overorowding
them, and one boat alone got safe'y afloat
After the captain had given the command to
lower the beats, he was seen by us to jump down
from the bridge, probably intending to keep the
passengers in order. Iu runuing aft to tho quar
ter-deck he had to travel through the fire, whioh
now already separated the fore part from the aft
part of the sip. The oaptain, breaking through
the flames, was muoh injured; he was seen later
' by the first officer standing on the qu&rter-deok,
larboard side, apparently stunned by the hjaqr
he had received from the fire, and tome passengers
. say they saw him jump overboard.
Tbe tingle boat which reaohed the water with
-1 out belog smashed was one of the large metallic
life-boats; it was at first, when, lowered down,
filled with people; but the weight vu so great
that many of them fell out when the boat reached
the water. Thirty suooeeded in keeping on, but
tbo boat oapsized several times, being fnll of
water, and seven men were drowned thereby.
There then Ttmained in the boat the undersigned
first officer and six of tbe crew, besides one
steward and fifteen passengers. It was three
o’clock when onr boat got free of the steamer, and
we were left immediately behind the vessel still
going ahead, and we being unable to manage the
oat, so that- we soon were separated from the
vessel. We tried hard to bale the water out of
the beat but did not succeed till we constructed ft
raft of the oars and masts belonging to the boat,
and got the passengors upon it; then wo got the
boat dear of water and took the passenger* in
again. About ono hour afler having left the
steamer wo got sight qf the French barque Mau
rice, and. palling to her, we reached her at eight
o’olock, where we f«»und already the third officer
and some of the passengers.
Tbe second uffioer was laKon up by the Maurice,
swimming, at half-past eight o’olook. He had been
pushed overboard the Austria at half-past two
o’olock by the rush of the passengers, who jumped
into his boat and smsshod It. Be kept afloat,
swimming for six hours without anything to hold
on.
The third offioer left the ship at fiveo’olook. He
remained on the deck of the Austria till be saw
that no boat was left, and was driven by the fire
overboard, but kept ou to it by a rope alongside
of the vessel till five o’olock, whon he jumped off,
the iron plates of tbo vossel getting red bet. Ha
then took to swimming, and caught hold of some
pieces of floating wood, by which he held himself
afloat till half-past six o’olook. when he was taken
up by the French boat, muoh injured by tbe flames.
There were three sails in sight when we left the
Austria, of whioh only one, the French barque
Maurioe, oame to oar resoue. The Maurioe took
on board sixty-six persona, of whom twelve were
transhipped to the Lotus bonnd for Halifax; tho
remainder were landed on the 19th of September,
at Fnyal, whence the passengers were shipped on
hoard her Majesty's steamer Valorous, bound for
New York; and v?e were taken off by tbe London
steamor Ireland, whioh landed ns yesterday even
ing at Gravesend, on our way back to Hamburg,
Ii F Hahn, first officer of the Austria; B. fi.
Heitmann,2d do.; T. C. Burnett, 3d do.; O. Plate,
quartermaster; U. Michaelie, 2d boatswain; T.
Friebold, fireman; T H. Richter, seaman; N»
Turgensen, Bailor; O. Pohi, engineer-assistant*
Hanseatic Consulate, Qot. 14.