PUBLISIIND DAILY, (BIIIIDATS EXCEPTYD,) px.,,rpnr4:;o.ouir., STREET. •., , , _ DAI.I,Ii7PRESS, Taretra Cnir , esiirWsiiii, isieble •to the earriere: gaited-rd Stiiieerlbeniolitof,the Pity it Six DotLeiti PER Amnia; lope Dottette son Eidirratetarne ; TERRE DoiLeineton ilin,fhlossiiiiiirtarietill tutranee for the time orOgyini,l,-; • I!...VIESIEK L'Y -PRESS, Moils& te Soinioribeni mit of the iiity at Tatum Doc- Leas rya Arnim; in iellinee: • . 1t ES7ILY - Plt - ESSi • . . Tim rIBICLY r1E8.9 will be stint to Sabscilbers by mall, (per "annul*, In ifdranoe,) at ' $2 oo Three Oonlesi 44 . - 44 bOO Five Coyle', , " , . 8 IX) Ten 'Copies, " -12 .303 Twenty copses, " 'r ' (to ono address)..' 20 00 Twenty Copies, or over; ," " (to address of each . subeerlber),-each , ..... , 1 20 For i Club of ,Twenty-one or over; we will send an extra dopy to tbn getterosp of the Club, ' mr . Postiiiietore are requested to' sot as Agents for Tan Wmfaaf Pates. ~ „ WAR .., BUBTON's INIMITABLE COVE RINGS TOR THE DEAD Embrace altibe volute necessary to ' • GENTEEL EFFEOT,, and all the detella and nicer aleganelen 'which impart FINISH, COMFORT, AND, DURABILITY. ~ Oentlamen are invited to call and examine.. ' oe2lPard.' '4BO CHESTNUT Street. 4olittati AT _ AT'RE&TLY, REDUCED PRICES. A beautiful eeloction of -•- , • • - 110LIDAY •GOODIS, • suitable.for Presents, to be found in —.GREAT VARIETY, at the untie!' of . • - , , MOARTII AND CHESTNUT STREETS, each as • • _ „ . - PORTEMONNALES,, - . , - , POOKET WOKS • PORTFOLIO, ....„; . DRESSING OASES. . . WRITING CARES, . z BANKERS' OAES, ~ • • ' BANK BOOR HOLDERS - - PILL BOORS, . • • 'MONEY •SPI.TS, - • , " 0111-AKOASES, ~, , , • ' RAZOR STROPS, - • WORK OASES, „ .-, • ,- . CARD CAPES, • ' -ffgtolo CARES; _I '; _:, , _J. :. %! POWntr OuThßityr , ROGERS , RAZORS ......- GUESS BOARDS,:; - .. , - - - - BAORGAMMON BOARDS, ' PAPlgßAttieut.roill.f. BOXES, . . DESKS'. lie , :, ' ' - ._ .. . _ .. GOLD TENS,' and . '- : . GOLD AND SILVER PENCIL OASES. .4141.7p2w .• ' - -F. S. SMITH, - N. W..corner,FQIIRTII and pIIESTNIIT Ste.' 11 .4 00 KING GLASSES, ' ... . . , ENGIONINGS, -, • azio OIL PAIIITINGB, YO2 • • OBBIEITH.AB PILEOENTS JAMES 8. EAGLE Offers for pale the Largest deportment mf the above, at the LOWEST PHIOES ,to . befound in the city. DARLEYiII beautiful IIa,IISTBATIONS of "MA-RAAICXT," , JO /111011IVRO. 2A.ELZ , S,OALLERIES, 810 01131STNUT Street . • MELYIIPS AMERI'AVAG GIFT BOOK - STORE, 883 ORGSTNUT OFIEGT, HILDA FOURTH. HOLIBAYX! GIFT BOOKS MOLIDAYS OHM FOR THE HOLIDAYS. del9-2w G" AT BARGAINS TOE • - • ORIBTILtIi v IEJ T E B EW YEAR LADIES' WINTER CLOAKS. PINA - L IINDUOT lON - TO own THE'skasoic , • T. PROOTOROO.4 Successors to Geo. }Wok' ic Co. " de22-tjal2 ros oursrnavria6st ITSEVITL PRESENTS FOR THE' SEA- SON. SHAWLS, CLOAKS, AND WINDS . 000DS. ' We are now selling our stock of Uwe Goods at OBIUSIA' BEDOCIID MOM IN OUR CLOAK DEPARTMENT Will be found; a great variety of entirely new and beau tiful dealgus, to which we particularly invite the at tention 'of purchasers. JESSE WILLIAMS - & CO., de23-Iw. No. 20 S. SECOND fitieet,bel.MAßKET. A BEAUTIFUL Pleif3RNT A WOE, Dd.I7QIIITE J MEM ONE OF, [}ROVER ¢ BAKER'S #IIIILIt BZWING MACHINES, TOR BALK AT ' No, ISO OIIXSTNUT Street de22-tjel. CHRISTMAS AND HOLIDAY GOODS. W. D. tamer, No. 28 South FOURTH _Street, offers to dealers And the public a yEgy LARGE VARIETY OP FANCY (MODS Suitable for the Holiday 101004 Being entirely of his OWN IMPORTATION. The assortment embricea all the FEWEST STYLES, - AND AT - VERY HEMMED - PRICES. Among It will be found— Paper Mamba Work _Boxes, Desks, Portfolios, ite. Ladies , Gabes and Traveling Bags. Porte Monnalea, Parses and Pocket Books,• In great variety. Pearl Dart onus, beautiful styles, ilotienitiest Glass Toilet Bottles, richly decorated, Odor Boxes and Glove Boxes, Fancy Bronco Inkstands, Thermometers, ;to. Backgammon and Chess Boards, Oberman. Pine English Scissors, in sets. Fancy Cigar Stands And Mier Cases. Scotch Wood Snuff Boxes and Pitney Articles. Medallions in plastic ivory. . Memorandum and Ball Tablets, in pearl and ivory, Together with numerous other articles in the line. &Sam-4 Wattlgo, Jewelry, &c. SILVER.— Whf, WILSON & SON Flame now on hand the Urged Mock of srirEß WARE - TIM 017 T, Exclusively or !heir own inennfactare and WARRANTED. Fergana desirous of purchasing are respectfully.ln sited to call andexamins 'tor themselyee, at the OLD iSTLELISBU STASD; .019-2 w S. W. Cor, MYTH and CURRY Streets B AILEY & CO., CRESTNIIT STREET, Manufacturers a wriautre OILY= WAU, Under their inspection, on the prectiamraselostroly Gilboa' and Strangers are incited to chit our manu factory, WATCHES. Constatly os hand . 01, splendid stook of fluporlor -Wass, of all the celebrated makers. DIAMONDS. .11echteseo . c lireaolete, Drool:bee, ! r ar-Atsql, Kyr- AURA Ilef ott other articles In -t he Diamond lino, Jiiteohlite SAW DENG2tOI- will be =do free ,of .etterselor,poso wishing work toad* to order. BICH GOLD JEWELRY. ' . ak.tosattfOl,asoortmont of an the sew styles of lino 0W0 . 117, look ea Mosslei Stone and Shell Clamoo, , Yiarl, Oorsl,-.oarbonolo, gondol* Lava, &a., tca„ . - wirinuai 9uBloSo, PAORI?0, 'ko AiNl,BroirsaanCidirblo OLOORB, - of Remit stylor 4,114 of Alik,ii#Outift):t suldtwk,wl7:' T.; Dist k ri &Jo ty • ,432,01MTNITT.Otreet, , • , • • Hare rece d ed-,` new 'tyres" Jewelry, Chaty l itits,Mest ohatits, Splehdldlins, Hair Plnis. .• • ' • - ,• -knit Stands, Siskar Baskets. , •1••-' • , Jet Goods and PloirerVasea. - -• • • Coral, Lava sadhlosale Sets, • Elolisfjthents in Philadelphia' for the sale, of ,Oharles Ttedshares LONDON TIME-KREPPRII: del° LLYpg WARE ta - -Niumizet.wnsoli 41 1 0114' :9/1. PER 'WARE, . a t STABLIAIIED 381,2 d - •o,,lf,aokvissku!'ss CRICI or A fug, sasonmans arlyvt w kag of everz do. acription couftnntly iortu4l4 - , or pindll9 , t 4? poach sny PAWN 4 401 r.C. italportare oflhOold' AAA'Ailinitugh:sid hapoited voofc., • . ~• 141.0-,W141 tvAiirikii' .BRO. ' motrhorvaxitivownniobiniul ,auNgs-fLarin Tau} - 249:Lacip9.w,nut - stre.t, - - - aboy• Med, (tip Oohs, • Phlliwtelphis„ . _ 13twitantlyfr a ml sal Cot We to the teed _ TEC 016, - io lON BERVION URNS ra0111115"' BUSTS. caps vArrE.arnAo- , IFra. 0462.51 iPOONS, YOW, , LA.DIAB; tifillih,4 Ina Plftititp, an kinds of metal. "se2-17 114.1.1C0 OA The Eatite*Mertes eelometteed resottfacturfog his • - Ne-rhte (Agra. 1tt1.,N13110 :Biz AT, , iebtokbe oiets to We easterners in - LlllOl Or MULL O . O A/111711113. , . Orbit thrOligh7MOODl G4DATOII - will be ;nee :WAD/ 44te441:°', - Aloe "EPRING GARDEN atiA BRANAJAN ate, -GALLS..WfIALE - 0)16, • 1 1..P7...,;^,Y,:,/.0)0 0 tallili7epftesit 011 i MIAVIAINATAirrft i g r, ' .N0.1047i, Dela!riu*,yeritie. TiDU ; D Ittt r , 11LiAionot Wenm theiOliPiam of Phibule!phis thAb - is but 1900 opp:dated-INTEIIPRETER, of ,the UnReM ltmtes Clouds, and °reed am Offide for tranefatfona• of AU9t o oooo,Xorweages - ONPRGR Street, Above , 2EIfTN4--erhere he arifl be to attendance to Alf the bled ' nen tranematioaCia his Nat. -- &Mita • • , A.Nltii; A "BARE,--' %SUPERIOR t 10***P0', iiiiistriatareiteo fa - Wad? rt.. and 97 N W,harrso SVW' ---.70,ky ar..4,1,s — 443 , amp, VOL. 1.-NO, 128. 4 knvm.rm....aw,inket. • NS U RANCE QQMPANY OF THE STATE 1 OF PENNSYLVANIA. • De0..24, 1857. The Annual Bleetlnk of the Stockholders will be held at the Convenes Ofiloo, No. 4 It XCITANCtII, on TUES DAY,- fanner, sth, 186 S, at 12 o'clock noon ; and an Election foe Tbirteen Direetora ' will be held at mane place on MONDAY, January 11, MS, between the hours of 10 o'clock, A M. and 1 o'clock P. M. 1025-gall WILLIAM HARPER,Seere'ary. OFFICE' OF . THE NOATIT PENNSYL yANIA RAILRO g AD COMPANY. • The Annual Meetin of the Stockholders IVORTII PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD' COMPANY,' THE ? will , be' held at .the office of the Company, No. 123 WALNUT, above Fourth street, Philadelphia, on 'MON DAY, Jaunty :H i 1858 at 11 . dclotk A M., at which time and place an Election will be hold for a President and. Tau Directors, to servo for the ensuing year. de2s.dtdall EDWARD ARMSTRONG, Secretary. OFFICE OF THE WESTMORELAND COAL OON?ANY, No. 220 South Third street, corner of Willing'a alley. ' • Pnil.anammts, Deo. 24th, 1857. At a Meeting of the Directors, held this day, a Divi dend of. EIGHT PER CENT. wee declared on the CaPital Stock, payable to the Stockholders at the Office of the Company en and after January 4th 1858. The Transfer Book's will be closed until January Bth neat. - de2s-fmwtja4 F. 11. JACKSON, Treasurer. PHILADELPHIA, - WILMINGTON AND DALTIMORD RAILROAD COMPA7SY.—DimaIs " Sao 10,1857. The Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of thin Com pany will take place 113 WILMINGTON, at the aloe of the Company on MONDAY, tho llth of January next, at LIN P. M., for the'Election of Directors to serve for the emoting year, and for the trouts:Mon of such other 41:411ItteSII UP may legally none before the meeting. dell-twatA OFREDIIOII,N.EIt, Secretary. , OORN ',EXCHANGE-I , N S U'R A NC E 0031PANY.—NOTI91:.—Tko,Annuel Meeting or the Stodholdere, for the election-of Dlreetore for,the (melting leer; will he held Jer the (Moe of the Com pany:43l,,Wianta`qtreet, Philadelphia, oil MONDAY, the,dth Januarr;llefei t ael2 • delg-tJa4 ' LEANDEIt Wir,V.lt t STARR, Sec'y. IMECTION—PENN MUTUAL LIFE IN _L.A. MANCE COMPANY - ' An election for NineTruetoee,toaerreforthreevears, Will be held at ,the Office of the Company, on MONDAY, January 4,1850. Rolla, open at 10 and close ut 12 A, 51. DeChiber 21,1857. de2B 28,80,1rja2 JOHN W. 11ORNOR, Sec. NOTICE.—.OIIIco of the Westmoreland Coal .1.1 Company, Phfladelphle,,December lath 1857. ' The annual meeting of the Stockholders of this Com pany 'will be hold at their dem No. 230 Bouth THIRD street, on WEDNESDAY, the oth of January, 1808, at 13 o'clock, at which time an Election will be held for Eleven Directors and a Secretary and Treasurer, to servo for the ensuing year Y. 11. JACKSON, de2l-ttja Secretary. NOTICE.— Office' of the Beaver Meadow Railroad Company. l'au.coutrure, December 14, 1851. The annual meeting of the Btocicholders of the Deaver Meadow Railroad and Coal Company will be held at their office. No. 822, WALNUT Street, on MONDAY, the 18th of January next, et 12 &Clock, at which time an election will be held for 'President and teh Directors for the ensuing year. • - del,s4tJalB* .16 01141110111LA_IN; Sec. and Troaa. pHILADELTITIA. AND READING 1 RAILROAD 00.—Offlee 227 South Fourth Street. . 3133 - PUILADZI,PIIId, Dec. 2d,1867. To avoid detention, the holders of Coupons of this Company due on the let proximo are requested to leave them at this Moo on or before the Slat icd, when re ceipts wilt be given, and checks will be ready for de livery on the 2d proximo in exchange for such receipts. de2.l4Jal- . 8. BRADFORD, Treasurer. OFFICE OF THE LOCUST MOUNTAIN COAL AND IRON 00.—Enthayscrats; Dec. 16, 1867.—,The annualAleeting of the Stockholders of this Company will be Ead. at their Office, No 88 South 701ffitTlf Street, on MONDAY, th e 18th January, at 11 o'clock A. M., At which time there will be an Election of Directors to sone for the ensuing year. dilB-oals WAL 0. LIIIMYIO, Secretary. RElf OVAL.- The business of the PENNSYLVANIA DANK will be removed on the let proximo, to the second story of Grigg's Buildiag, 'WALNUT street, east of Third, The owners of property lodged at the Dank for safe keeping will - please remove it before that day, or it will be stored elsewhere at their expense and rink. BAJO. J. L. PENISIONE, Aasistant•Oashier. for Ode anb Jct. COLLIERIES. --To lot, at a low rote per too, valuable COAL MINES, well situated to all the Southern an well u Eastern markets, having out lets by railroad and canal, with coal-breaker'', ears, and all conveniences for a large and profitable business. Communications addressed to W., at the Grocery Store' of 'WILLIAM L. MADDOCK, No. US South Street, Philadelphia, with name and references, will re ceive early attention, de2S-mwf4t To LLT.—The becon , Third, and Fond 11 storite of the Sion, No. 50431ARKET Street, above PISTE Street. These aro fine rooms, well located for any kind of wholesale business, and h►re the advantage of an excellent Skylight. Apply on the premises. de23-Iwei, • TIE SIR ABLE OFFICES at 520 WALNUT 11 trivil.Plte.he _State MOWN /MO _Or AO best business lnacr samr and all modornnonveniennes. Apply on the premises, lin•ni No. R. to W..T, BALL, 4. ent. . no2B .1/1014LE MEN!, - Coitaitnership Notices fISSOLUTION.—The PARTNERSHIP heretofore eslsting so-BAKER & WILLIAMS TUIS DAY dissolved by wiutual eonsent. Tho business will be continued at the old stand, 1132 MARKET St., by CHARLES WILLIAMS, who Is authorised to collect and pay all debts of the late firm PETER W. DAHER Dec. 1, 1817. CHARLES WILLIAMS. The undersigned would inform the patio, that having bought out Mr. P. W. Baker. hie late partner, he will continue the MATING and VENTILATING business at the aid stand, MI MARKET Street, where will be found a foil assortment or flanges, Heatere, Ventilators, negisteri, Bith Boilers, &e.,and hopes, by strict at to busbies, to merits share of the patronage drll obits. OIIAILLF.S WILLIAMS. Oxisress qf =panic°. WELLS, FARGO, & GO., NRW YORK AND CALIFORNIA EXPRRSB CO and BXCIIASOR DEAI4IIIIB A JOINT STOOK' COMPANY, CAPITAL $600,000. .OFFICE, 400 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADSLPHIA. Eepreea sent to CALIFORNIA, Oesood, and NANO. WICII ISLANDB on the eth and 201 h, and to Ilivate ON 7th, 12th, and 27th of each month, from NEW YORK• EXCHANGE for sale in soma to cult, and 'mmlo - lIADF. on California, Oregon, Sandwich Islanda, and Nereus. W. Y. lc Co. receive freight consigned to them at BAN FRANCISCO, Per Clipper Ship, and collect invoices on delivery o he same. - NOTICE TO CALIFORNIA BONDHOLDERS• W. F. di Co are no* papered to receive the OLD BONDS of the State or dALIFORNIA, transport the same to Sacramento Olty,d procure new ones, In ac cordance with the act of lath April, 101, and return same tondo city. de2l4ne D N. BARNEY, Ja., Agent. IVHE ADAMS EXPRESS CO., OFFICE, A. 820 CHESTNUT STREET, forward' PARCELS, PACKAGES, MERCHANDISE, DANE NOTES mod SPECIE, either by its own LINES, or In connection with - other EXPRESS COMPANIES, to all the prhA;pal TOWNS awl OITIA of the United States. E. 0. SANDFORD, 40441 General Elaperloteodeet. EWIS S. WELLS, ATTORNEY AT 14 LAW, N 0.2 AIRY FITIMST,IIOIIItISTOWN, Pa., will attend with punctuality, and to the beat of hhi ability, to all buaines' entrusted to his care. oat-3m IDANIEL ' DOUGHERTY, ATTORNEY /111,AW, Son 4 hes4 Corner of YI.OIITII and LO CUST WNW; " aul-1y 111-YER STUD USE, ATTORNEY AT kta LAW, OINTRII itreat,Pottirrllle, Pa. *a4l7 iOOO BOXES OF :Oahuicor TIN, JL Cie -D0W,01.488, of all site' and qualities, for sale at lowest prices. Guialiortment ES 'eoniideld, and are daily receiving fresh lots frOin the Kensington Olam Works. Sheets & Duify's make' superior to any in the market as to brilliancy and regular thicknele, equal to French We are now - resolving two-thirds of the Glass made at theseworks. , „ , 0,000 boxes French Glass of ell niece , 4,000 feet Rough Glum far skylights. -6,ooo'feet Engraved and Enamelled Giese, of all pat terns. •• • • White Lead, Preach and . American Zion, Paints, kn. 100 000 lbs White Lead, , 60,000 lba French Zlnd, (Vieille Montague f. 16,000 lbe American Mao.. • • Brown Zinc, a fullsupply. Chrome Green, a full supply. Ghtotoelfellow a full aupply. Prussiarißlue, a lull eupyiy, Parte Green, a full supply.. „ Addrete your orders to ZIEGLER lc SMITH, " • ..Wholesale Druggists and Manufacturers, - Solo Proprietors of the Penna. Steam Cohn Woke Store S. W. corner SECOND and GREEN Streets, Philadelphia. - • dell tf ARPRER, WARNER, MISKEY, & M INACRS Or OARALIIIRS; BRAC OY KETS, TU PENDANTS, FITTINGS, . and Al kinds of Gas and Lamp Work, ftirondoleo, &0., No 829,C,ILLSTNIIT STREET, .AROIIDR; WARNER, & CO., No. 376 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.' , Err Buildings fitted with GM Pines, and all hinds of altering and repsdriog of Ona Work. dell PHILADELPHIA TYPE FOUNDRY— N. W. Oar. =MD and OREBNUT OW. L. PELOTIZE & SON, thankful for the liberal pa tronage heretofore *worded to their Establishment, asp desittM to merit continuance would announce t o printers and Publishers that their new 8P1:0II[EN BOON to hoW ready, and from their Inereased are now prepared to furnish every thing neeespary In a complete Printing Establishment, at the shortest no. the. Their long•praotleal exper ience Beth, businees, and the fact of .tiroir personal superintendence of the mannfiioturing department, •justities them In assorting that they can farploh.s. more durable and better [W ished &slide than their ootemporariee. i Those, 'therefore, who desire Printing Mateilale, would do well to apply to them previous to purchasing elsewhere. • Old type taken at eo nl per pound, In ezebsnie for Paw epeehnen prices. aul.tf 5-flimi TONS of MINCHELL & OROAS -7-fLYVVALIuts improved super PIXOSPIIATE OW 14:5 Jr. , 2r, Ws b 7, 080ASIMIA1, & 00 - um-11 ' ' Ho. WTI. Delamars avenue. ItOSlNerMilßAig yT gra 80APMAKEttTFltr RS ..4tor :: to ..royiklnr schooner 'J._ icitpyous! 71114 '' , 1 , ``s ` ,‘ N i i 1 ,, ~,, ~ - it 04 a ‘, kk s t i l't , 4 , . ...-.,- . i.': ; , ...:.• 7 "rfitt . .. ;011.% •-• .:•.,. , ..,•: \; \ \ y ‘ t l I I iA.Jejg i • ~....,.... .: •.. tet , ~,„. . )11111 . illik -.. ' • ''''---=->.. ' i 1• ••....,•. • • IJ't ~.-•.,' 4..• . • .:'..••• • •. - • (. k. I ' - . 1 , ..",.. „.. . - ' , ,, ~. .r."'"., 1 , 0 1%.,i, 7 , 7 .... • ~t ti ' 4 . '.. "'-''' ILfilliiii:' ''Ctiiiiill —. :•. •'• .... ;i:: ' ~-' --;- iii.. .. ...", ...: ~. ._.: —. • - -,;(-- • .. .-''.• ....14, 7, •••'••• I LB. . , .. ;. „...........;,. ......,..4,,•:•i.,..,-;‘,..„..„.0....:.•: • ~%•.....4.0,..„......, ~ .. :yr- •• - •••._•,_ A gi r l - --ug.---- , „ : 'ai*......:-...- '''.4,: . „,' '-iisplA,,,,' . ~,..._. .'.. : , , '4=' , , ;,,:.. :.....- Vir ,• . ' -,_ . • ."...' ?II!. , ....,,, •.- .• „. • .... :.. - - , tiot a r i tip- - Ili •-- - - -..r -..., , .....,„—.--..t.1;., , . . . . , , . Natueo. 9kttartte2a at EMIL Vrus. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER MO, 1867. RETURN OF THE POLES FROM EXILE. The late Czar was a person who might have been entitled to the brevet rank of Man, had he only had a heart within his bosom. Cold, cruel, and isolated, Numoziks was indeed an autocrat. The absolute power of life and death, within his vast dominions, was exercised by him—a power neither exercised, nor even claimed by any European Sovereign. For, after all, in 'ever) , part of Europe, Russia ex cepted, it is necessary, even with the most arbitrary sway, to preserve the show and the seeming of legal proceeding. Not King BomnA, of Naples, can take the fives .of his cc loving subjects," without first submitting them to the tender mercies of a tribunal, acting with all tho forms, though without the fair play, of a Court of Justice. Ho may arrest any number of persons upon suspicion;" he may put them into prison on the same pretext, but take their lives, he dare not, without some sort of a judicial trial. Not F . //Vons JOSEPH, of Austria,, absolute as he is, Can do more. Every ether European:slave- . reign (the Czar excepted) is even yet more strictly betunt to keep up appearances.of jus tice: As for Queen VICTORIA, who rules but does not govern—that power being reserved for her Primo Ministry, for the time being—she cannot put any ono into du rose for a single day, without legal grounds. A writ of Habeas Corpus would Immediately test the validity of tho deed, with summary speed and force. In fact, the President of the United States personally possesses more power, as a ruler, than the Queen of England,—for he can appoint to certain offices, while Queen VICTORIA cannot fill the smallest vacancy without obtaining permission from the head of tbo department to which the office may belong. The legal fiction that " The Queen can do no wrong," throws the responsibility upon her Ministers, who therefore assert and exercise a right to office nomination. The Czar Nicuor...4 was a hard, austere, almost cruel man, full of ambition, impressed with strong ideas of his own importance as a monarch, and constantly haunted, by suspicions of plots against his person and his Government. That, ou several occasions during his reign, the Poles should have exhibited the vitality of nationality was enough to chafe, and did chafe, this cold, hard man. The Revolutions of 1830, and of 1848, did not pass over Europe with- Out affecting Poland. The outbreaks„ there were put down by the strong hands of CON STANTINE fUld PASICEIWITOII. The patriots, such of them as did not find safety in flight, were subjected to the tender mercies of the Czar. Death or Siberia was the doom. While NICHOLAS lived, there was no hope for Poland or her exiled sons. The first act of his successor, the Emperor ALEXANDER, was one of clemency. Under the rigid rule of Russian bayonets, Poland had been kept down. ALEXANDER, yielding to the generous Impulses of a kindly nature, resolved to try what good treatment can effect. Strange as it may sound, when a Russian autocrat is in question, he determined to try whether a generous people, brave as their own bright sword, might not be ruled by Love even more effectively than by Pear. Hence the Czar's celebrated Coronation Manifesto, which is literally an act of amnesty to political prisoners. Hence, too, the newly awakened enthusiasm, born of gratitude and rapidly ripening into love, which has made the heart of Poland sympathetically beat with joy and hope. 'We learn from undoubted private authority ,that many Pxkls,Aul ...-3.... : 11 vaan-H3Likaii:SlT_ berm in dittbrent - epochs of the political move.' manta of their native land, have been permit. ted to cross the Polish-Russian frontier, and return to their homes, in compliance with the amnesty of the Emperor's Coronation mini. festo. Others, it is true, were only allowed to leave Siberia, without returning home, resi dences for them being assigned in the central provinces of Russia. There probably was some apprehension of the effects of a crowd of Polish patriots simultaneously resuming their citizenship at home. A baseless fear, we think, but a natural fear to Russians. Every exile who had leave to return to the Kingdom of Poland received $l6O as travel money. Among the number was Count PETER WYSOCKI, (chief of the insurrectionary move ment of 1831,) who had been condemned to the mining works at Nortchinsk, In Middle Sibe ria, where he labored for twenty-six years. On his way home it was intimated to him by the Russian Government thathe should under take not to enter Warsaw. His• former influ ence in the capital may account for, and I almost excuse, this prohibition. Some of the Polish exiles have been able to amass small capitals„ of $4,000 to $5,000, by farming, fishing, or trapping. Those who possessed mechanical abilities have made con siderably larger amounts. Several, who asso ciated for hunting, trapping, and carrying on the fur trade, were very successful. Farming was less profitable, owing to the high price of labor, notwithstanding the excellent, rich, and fertile soil of' South Siberia. A certain Mr. PAKIEWSKI, with ability and tact, has a largo share in the copper mines, and is also proprie tor of several steamers on the rivers Oby and Jenissey. In fact, the Polish exiles in Sibe ria have generally done well. Many Poles, not allowed to return home, but allocated in the interior of EUSSifI, nett'. Nally have preferred to remain in Siberia. They thought it would he more agreeable to 'stay where they had friends and profitable occupations. Among those who have thus remained is GUSTAVE'S EHRENBERG. Several of the polish exiles, arriving at their former homes, after twenty-seven years of absence, found a new generation there. The place that had known them once, know them now no more: Feeling themselves strangers in the scenes of their childhood and early manhood, they. have voluntarily returned to Siberia— , which had become a second home to them, and - where 014 had * l'o'6l or made new homes, 'friends, and associations. •The'CZar's next policy will be abolish serf dom In Russia. Adifrtcult thing this promises to be, for he will certainly he opposed, openly and covertly, by the. higher ,nobility 'of hls empire.. However, as he is a man of firmness as well as of feeling, therfican be little doubt of his effecting great moral and political im. provemonts in his extensive realm. THE MAGAZINES From W. B. Zieber and front - Peterson & Brothers, we have received the January num ber of the Atlantic Monthly. It is a trifle bet ter than its two predecessors. The poetry is much better ; 'the lints called The - Sculptor's Funeral are very good. There is less purely American-writing in this' Magazine than was expected and hoped. The Autocrat of the Drealsfast Table, the article on Books, the notice of Agassiz's Natural History, and a Poe-ish story called The Diamond Lens are the best things hero this month. Petersons have sent us Emenvon's (and Putnam's) Magazine, which has again changed hands. The best paper in it is the continua tion of Major Jack Downing's letters, with wood-ents. From Mr. Callender we have got Mrs. Sle phens's Illustrated Monthly Magazine. It, contains the commencement of a new story, by Mrs. Stephens, a tine poem by Augustus Duganno, and divers other articles of'minor merit. The wood-engravings aro better Mari win), but the phial-pudding. Illustrations 411 i all w conveyed " from English works; unac knowledged, as usual. There le no doubt whatever, says a New York paper, that Mr, Littlee, of Radiator, whore murder was announced a few dap rine°, was killed by his wife and brother. The another ,of Mn. s Littlea luta maimed that online nightof the mur• der her BOA Ira told her she would never see Char. ley (Littler) again; that he had knooked him on the head with hie eerie. Ira has elm made a lif•rtialcoprapdock,,layolying. betides MEOW fold , do punh, PfiILADELPHIA, WEDNESDO. DECEMBER 30. 1857. LITERARY CRITICISM TOE,NEW AMERICAN OYOLOPIEDIA : A POPULAR DICTIONARY OF GENERAL KNOWLEDGE. Edited b OfrIOROI4 Mesa& and Cu►at.ea A. DAY.L. Volume I. A—Aragony." Imperial Bea., pp. 790. D. Appleton Co., NOW York. One great - evil almost Invariably accompa; nying the publication of Cyclopmdias is the length of time occupied in preparing them— the delay between the issue of the first volume and the last. Tho Penny Cyclopedia was over flftien years in hand. Tho Encyclope dia Metropolituna was even longer. The En; cyclopedia Britt=lea (now edition) has been slowly advancing for , years, and , has only reached the letter M. French works of this sort were generally as slow. The German have progressed somewbatmore rapidly. The Now American Cyclopedia, the first volume of which is before us, will be completed in fifteen volutues, in two years. The cost, too, is in its favor. The price is $,53 a volume, against the Encyclopedia Britannica at ss—giving the whole for $46 against $lO5 for the other, eves should the Encyclopedia Britannica not exceed twenty-one volumes. To be sold for less than half the coat, to ho issued within a short and defined period, and to bear comparison with every work of the kind yet published, are the leading features of this now, we might say this National work—for every lino has been ex pressly written for the work itself, and most of it by'American citizens. Mere cheapness of price ought•not to be an inducement—for the best article is that which is most worth the money, whatever the cost be. The New American Cyclopedia is iNcld aswe llas loW-priced. . design is simply to furnish the great bodKot Intelligent readers in this country with a popular Die floury of Universe' Knowledge. , Its editors are men of learning, tact, general information, and a knowledge of the world. They have called in the aid of many of the ablest writers in the country, each man taking the branch or branches of knowledge with which he may happen to bo most familiar, and emptying his mind, as it were, into articles upon it as a whole, or on its collaterals, Careful revision —which sometimes condenses and sometimes may enlarge the article—is then applied, and the result may be anticipated. Mere disqui sition has been much avoided. The aim is to produce a practical work of reference and 11111 information upon the whole circle of Uni versal Knowledge. The variety of leading subjects in such a work is very groat. Anatomy, Agriculture, the Fine Arts and the Industrial, Astronomy, Geography and Ethnology, Botany, Mineral. ogy, Geology, Law, Political Economy, Mathe matics, Natural Philosophy, Mechanics, En gineering, History and Description of Ma 7 chines, Literature, Grammar, Food, Music, Trade, Commerce, Chemistry, Physiology, Hygiene, and Biography are only a few among the very many subjects to which people will re- - for, in this Cyclopedia, and find accurate de tails. There will be the advantage of giving the latest information, in' all cases. In Bio graphy this will especially be the case, as me moirs of living persons are given, whore their eminence warrants it. The materials for such a work as this, which will contain more variety than any of its pre decessors, wherever published, have been found in thousands of volumes, freely consulted in public libraries and private collections; In all Encyclopedias and Biographical and gene ral Dictionaries of authority and value; and, above all, In the personal knowledge of the large corps of contributors, (nearly ono hun dred in number,) whose co-operation has been made available for this great labor. Of these writers, as we have said, the majority are American citizens, but many writers in Great Britain and on the Continent of Europe have been pressed into the service, and have rendered efficient aid. The opening volume, just published, (sold only to subscribers, and procurable by local agents all over the Union,) Is a fair sample of the work. It concludes with a geographical article on Aragnay. Among the more striking articles aro those upon Abd el Bader, Abdul Medjid, Absorption, Abstinence, Academy, Acetic Acid, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Joseph Addison, Adulteration, Ad venturers, Advertisement, Aerostation, Af ghanistan, Africa, the Agapemone, Professor Louis Agassiz, Age, Agriculture, with its Che mistry and Schools, Ague,Alabama,Albutni nuria,Alexander (pseudo iEarl of irling,") Alfieri, Algeria, Aliment Alloy, Washing ton Allston, Alluvium, Ittnack's, Almanack, Algatt..t, Alumitiluu, Du Amerleari - rsertqUittes, 2ltuoricanismß, (omit ting the word ‘‘ guess » ) Amphlbla, Ames finales, Anatomy, Andes, Major Andre, An gling, Animal, Animal Electricity, Animal Heat, Animal Magnetism, Animal Mechanics, Animalcules, Anthracite (with map of the Anthracite region of Philadelphia,) Anthro pology, .Anti-Eentitan, Apocalypse, Appala chian Mountains, Appetite, Aqueduct, Arabian Language and Literature, Arabian Nights, and the Arago family. When we say that each of these articles is complete account of the subject it treats upon, and that—though at less length—nearly 2,500 different subjects are treated with equal accu racy and care, we state the exact character of the work. The Second volume will be published early n the spring, and a new volume at regular in errata of about two months. Tilt HASHEESH EA Tun. Being paseagee from the Life of a Pythagorean. 1 vol. 12 too. IT. 371. Harp, 4. Brothers, New York. De Quincey, we suspect, is the real author of this volume. To be sure, he did not write it—though many parrs of it aro fully equal to what ho has written—but his , c Confessions of an English Opium Eater" evidently prompted it. De Quincey gave to the world his expe riences of the effects of large doses of opium, an extract from the poppy. The Pythagorean relates how he came to take hasheesh, the resin of a particular sort of hemp, called Cannabis Indica, which, in southern climates, loses its fibrous texture, and secretes this strongly nar cotic drug. Thu readers of "The Count do Monte Christo" will recollect how Hasheesh is more than once mentioned in that wondrous romance. How the narrator came to cat Hasheesh, what were its effects, what fascination it exer cised over his fancy, what dreams ho dreamed, witat joys and pains he felt, and in what man ner he dropped the use of this sonl-subduing and soul-exciting drug,foims the subject-matter of the volume before us. The book is strangely fascinating, so graphic are, its descriptions. The writer is very much a man of genius we should have considered him entirely so, but for the metaphysical disquisitions in the con cluding chapters. So long as he gives glorious glimpses of Oriental life and scenery, as be held by a rich imagination, highly excited, the book is brilliant ; but when these vanish, and metaphysics come in, to dell the glory, the reader becomes disappointed, if not vexed. For our own part, we wish we had not read beyond the first 270 pages. Up to that por tion, the book bears full comparison with Do quincey's, Wo baye no idea who the author is, but the book, as ono of the curiosities of literature, deserves to be popular. TWIN RONI7B,—A Narrative. By As CORA forests, Author of Autobiography 'of au Actress." 1 vol. 12wo pp 273 Ticknor h. FieLlt, Upplon Baatrd 4. Brothers, Philatiolphia. It is 'to be hoped that a quotation, in the second, page of this story, from the Apopit. thegmata of Diogenes ',north's, will not nuke young people throw down tho book in despnr. It is a story of domestic life, very prettily told, Herman Lander, the hero, being some thing (but not lunch) of 'an actor. The " roses ' are twin daughters of an English actress. The account of Herman's dibilt, as Hamlet Is very much exaggerated. No aldi once would permit the Ghost to "take a sight" (as it is called) at an actor playing such a part. There are love marriage, sea-voyage, and shipwreck in this story; also (why dragged in we know hot,) a Visit to Virginia and Wash ington. We should like to know where the author found, and how she can Justify, the word " memorize." The story, as a whole, will probably interest young people. The punish ers have brought it out with their proverbial elegance of typography, paper, and binding. • ITAIQDICAL tittY TESTAMENT. NO. C. Aelh,lidth Index, Introduction, and Plate+. Idßed qad published by siockion: Three Months ago; we noticed the first num b" of tide ,wort., containing the Gesrel of St. Matthew. , Thefifth number contains the Acts of the Apostles, with two yiows of Jeri!. Salem, an analytical index, and the Bev. T. If. Ilorne's "Introduction" (revised and connoted by Dr. S. P. Tregolles,) hi which the Whop. ship authenticity, style, chronology, pufpose, Importanceand of "The Acts" are closely con sidered and ably discussed. The four Gospels, forming,the previous. numbers of Mr. Stock tOtt'S “Periodical Now Testament," are com plete, iti'a set by themselves, and wo cannot nano'n MOre„ eligible New Year's gift-book for young,peeple, patileillarly with the addition of twelve ,erNelson'sbeautiful colored views of places named in [lcily Writ. STOItIES 101 D LEGENDS QB Tl4O/41, ASS MS TOIIY, SOP& flitituEEN. (la Aug osimivooD I vol., /2moj PO. ri , knos p Fdiip illostou Raz grit ttßrothers: Tbia is a very charming book, likely to please not only chilhan, but grown people. Five years ago Grace Greenwood visited Europe, and, as usual, threw her observations thereinto print.. §he slims her,,relna unex }iausted, here he ,glues glimpses pilmer don, life, irhich will' be much liked by young people, particularly as she mixes up some Plditilug 'stories with them. The 'anecdote abbot - St. Dunstan's cloeit'and the Marquis of Hertford Is wholly improbable, for it is scarcely likely that, even as It child, be could have had the opportaily of frequently leaving the. West End of London to look at the wood en giants striking the hours on a clock in Fleet street, Milo miles distant. Marquises, WO can toll a-hi= Greenwood, are very sel dom permitted; when only children, to go in to the City, with its crash, crush, and noise. St. raul's Cathedral, Greenwich Hospital, ,Ilittilpton Court, and Windsor Castle, each AMOY u subject fur a sketch or story. Half 11114 book Is devoted to Ireland, and Grace greenwood gives some capital legends con nceled with places which she visited in that 'efAatitty. Her materials are not very now, (the ll4lkParleton, Lover, and a crowd of others, ActiAbe manor born," preceded her,) but she 'ha4,:taade as readable a little book as we have seen for some time. COMMUNICAHONS. [fel The Prem.) Hy communications to you on the subject of the revulsion appear to be exceedingly dig taeieful to the votaries of free trade, and the : number of thorn •who have entered the lista looks as if they were intent on the anni hilation of everything savoring of protection topur . industry, and particularly of the plain statement of facts and figures contained in my §,S.les that appeared In Tug Pam of the 4th taWfhth ultimo. had concluded to drop the Controversy With my second communication, 'satiatied that the aophistry with which your :atili-tariff correspondents opposed my argil- Mont and statistics, was so gauze-like and dis ingenuous as to be antidote enough of itself to - neutralize the effects of their errors but as they still persist in their Quixotic digladia tion, I deem it necessary to say something more in reply to them—not, however, withae view to their enlightenment, for that would b a mark of supererogation, but merely to show that I am still about, and to point out a few more of the elements of the vitality of a pro tective tariff. • If manufactures al . () indispensable to an en lightened and prosperous country, and this will hardly be questioned by even your free-trade contributors, how are they to be sustained ? It is conceded by liberal and intelligent minds on aH sides, that the country which combines agri cultural and manufacturing resources, propor tioned so as to enable it to carry on a pros porous trade in time of peace, and to produce 'the requisites of defence in time of war, is the most truly independent and highly civilized. This is the object at which protection aims, and instead of endeavoring to build up or fos ter certain interests at the expense of others, Its purpose, on the contrary, is to establish harmony in tho operations of the agricultur ist and manufacturer by bringing the producer and consumer together, instead of separating them by continents and oceans. Tho Injurious effects of the absence of such an equilibrium aro exhibited on the one hand by the stupen dous and overgrown system of manufactures of England, maintained by the poorly paid la. bor of myriada of operatives, crowded together to the purlieus of her office and towns ; and on the other hand by the deplorable and un poverished condition of countries without ma nufactures, such as Turkey, Spain, Portugal, and the colonies of India and Ireland. The , blighting consequences of such an unnatural policy will not admit of detail hero, but con stitute material for volumes ; and I commend those that have been written on this subject to the careful study of your free-trade corres pondents., In those they will find the answer . alnplified and demonstrated, that our manu factures can only be permanently sustained by discriminating duties, in competition with those of Europe, based as they aro on cheap labor and cheap materials. • Some of the writers on this subject for Tue Parse, and particularly V., affect to be very profound thinkers and logicians; but what ever reputation they may possess In that way, unknown to the public, they, and especially V., have displayed precious little of it in their efforts in support of free trade. There must be considerable allowance, however, made for them, for It requires a vast amount of ingenu ity to coat a pill in the shape of a principle like that of ~ carrying coals to Newcastle," and render It Inviting enough to swallow. 42.04, I grant, Is a task that demands a stretch w hititniniala s ag u lath of thought before would pale, and it is therefore no mattera surprise that V. should break flown in the at tempt. Disguise It as the advocates of free trade may, their proposition, after all their equivocation, simply amounts to this : that if our working classes will not labor at prices that will enable them to compete with the squalid and half-paid workmen of Europe, we must transport our raw materials thousands of miles, over land and sea, to be manufactured and returned in the shape of finished goods, and pass by our inexhaustible deposits of me tals and obtain our supply of them in the mines and workshops of England and Wales. Tho working classes of this country have undergone much suffering from time to time, and are experiencing groat hardships now through the operation of partial free trade, or very low dutica on the staple productions of our factories. As the half-way realization of the utopian notions under review has paralyzed the great industrial operations of the United States, and thrown at least two-thirds of our manufacturing population out of employment, it requires but little forecast to decide as to what our condition would be in the event of the entire abrogation of our tariff laws. With our ports thrown wide open, our workmen would be brought into untrammeled competi tion with the British laborer at eight shillings per week, and with the worse situated opera tives of central Nuropc, whose earnings per day are more beggarly still. It needs but a modicum of the , profound logic on which your free-trade correspondents .pride them selves, to point out the position, and depict the discomfiture that our working classes would sustain in such a conflict. Under such a regime we would gradually but surely descend to the condition of a mere tributary of raw produce to the manufacturing centres of the Old World; and, erg many years, our fate would be written in the saino characters of degrada tion and impoverishment that record that of the most of the British colonies, and every country that British diplomacy has inveigled in the mediae of her i , liberal commercial sys tem," which, truly interpreted, means that England is to be the work-shop of the world, and that this coontrris to furnish her with the principal portion of' the material to keep her machinery of conversion in motion. I present the following examples of the desolation produced by British free trade, as tit subjects for the exercise of the profound powers of thought of V., and J. Mee. India, but a half century since, supplied a large por tion of the woild with cotton goods. Now her manufactures are almost entirely destroyed, and the poor Diode°, under the operation of the British system of flue-trade, has been so much disabled, that his power to consume has dwindled to that of a strip of cotton cloth girded about his loins, with barely rice' enough to oat to keep body and soul together, while hid earnings per day are abriut two pence. Turkey, in 1812, had Mt hundred looms in operation at Sentare, and two thou sand weaving establishment s.at Tonrnavo, and was in a fair why ,of inaugurating the true nOlicy of manufacturing for herself, but British diplomacy reduced her into the path of freo",trade, which has' long slime closed her factories, and is rapidly undermining her in dependence. Ireland, at the close of the last century, had upwards of twenty-five thousand manufacturing operatives engaged in the pro duction of woollens, linen, calico, hose, &c. The legislative union, as it it termed, between England and Ireland, and Its conditions prohibiting the latter from levying duties on cotton yarn after 1810, and on tramline, calicoes Sec, alter 1831, not only swept every vestige of manuthetures from her borders, but reduced that unfortunate country to a condition of wretchedness, unexampled in the history of nations. Canada is still another instance of the blighting Maloney of acpara- Bog the producer and consumer, and is under our immediate observation. Sir Francis Head, one of her former Governors, said truly, that the Canadian, for the want of a market on the land for the products of the same, " eatt all he mikes." Ilia powers of production and consumption aro narrowly limited, and while the Canadian people arc capable of consuming but about 2i pounds of cotton per capita annu ally, we on this aide of the line, with partial protection, average a consumption of thirteen pounds per head. It' V., and J. IticC., as well as others who are wedded to the notion known by the inis neuter of free, trade, will carefully digest such facts as the foregoing, they will discover that the true path to real freedom of trade is by the way of protection. To afford that in the manner proposed, will, instead of giving a bounty to capital, establish a reliable homo Market for the productions of our fields and factories, and ultimately impart a permanency to our manufacthres, that will withstand the combined attacks of loom front without and within the country. But a few words as to the clumsy argument of V. I deny that such a revulsion as the present 1 one, or a revulsicorof any kind, has , occurred, I sal% assorts, o under all sorts of twin," and defy him to prove that our manufacturers were ! ever closed and boldness depressed tinder a Protective tariff. A reference to our revenue aws will show, that since 1816 we have had but two really protective tariffs, the one passed In 1828, and was in operation until 1832, and the other passed in 1842 and repealed In 1846. The tariff of 1816 was a planter's measure, and though iron itself was protected, all the mann factures of Iron were admitted at 20 per cent, and wool and woollen goods at 15 per cent, and finer goods at 25 per cent. Paper, hats, caps, articles of loather, typo, and manufactured ar ticles generally, paid only from 20 to 30 per cont. In 1824 there was a slight advance in wool and woollen goods, and on the manufac tures of metals, which were admitted at 25 per cent., and bolting cloths, sailduck, osna burgs, &c., at 15 per cent.: and upon the whole, the measure like that of 1816 was any thing but protective to our 'manufactures. By the act of July 14th, 1832, railroad iron was admitted duty-free, and in March, 1833, was passed the Compromise act, under which the duties declined, until In 1842, when the tariff on no import exceeded 20 per cent. Thus, it will,bo seen that from 1916 to 1857, a period of more than forty years, we have had a protective tariff extending over but nine years of that time, and hence the enormous balance of trade against us, as given by V. at $684,418,505, from 1821 to 1856. This oper ation of buying more than we sold, and import ing millions' worth of inferior iron, cottons, and woollens, that we could have produced ourselves, and perishable gewgaws to a fabu lous amount, V. sagely tells us is an enriching one. A profound system of economy truly I No wonder that it battles comprehension, and has plunged our country into bankruptcy and distress time and again. V. next gives us an exceptional operation of the shipment of a cargo of flour to Havana at a certain price, and its sale In that port at a much higher price than it demanded at the point front whence it was shipped. This p.oves nothing more than the advantage of that single operation ; just as the shipment of late of cotton and grain at high export figures, and their sale at much lower prices in Eng land and elsewhere, prove the disadvantage and loss on the other hand. V. is, after all, not quite as deep a thinker as ho gives himself credit for, or ho would not advance exceptions to sustain a rule or a principle, and make the additional mistake of assuming the price of an article at the port from whence it is shipped as its market price, when that can only be ascertained when it reaches the market for which it is destined. The transactions of the trade of a country cannot be estimated by an operation here and there, but must be examined in the aggregate, and the balance for or against a commercial and trading nation is the true ex hibit of its standing, just as such a difference for or against an individual shows whether he is making or losing. As regards the profitable operations in iron made and shipped from this region, I assure V. and others, that thousands of tons have been sent from here at different periods under the tariff of 1846, that did not nett the cost of manufacture and transporta tion to market, and if V will inform himself now, lie will find that the same sort of sales of iron are being made again in different parts of this and other States. When V. pays his promised respects to me again, I would like to hear how he will make it appear that such transactions are profitable, and on which side he will place the balance of trade—for or against Lebanon. J. McC. is entirely mistaken in asserting that I either expressed or implied anything that conveyed the impression that our people " aro so dull and stupid," which is not only gratuitous, but as far fetched"as his free trade logic. Tho gist of my argument was to show, that though 'our people were patient and that as truth and experience Ined failed to impress such teachers as J. McC. with the folly of their doctrine, the suffering they were causing amongst the masses would work out a change of policy. And so it will, and If J. McC., and all of his ilk, can discern the signs , of the times, they will not fail to see a storm gathering amongst the working class, against free trade, as illustrated on all sides of tis,,now, by nothing to do and nothing to eat, If by "nothing to wear." J. McC. is no less incorrigible in classing Jefferson's sentiments on the side of free trade, though decidedly expressed against that theory as held by him, than he is in proclaim ing, that 14 the universal voice demanded its repeal," meaning the tariff of 1812. Now, if J. McC. will consult the journal of Congres sional debates and votes, he will find that but one vote—that unfortunate casting rote— scaled the fate of the tariff of 1912 in the liwr4 d i cia l asfilinc e ioNlAM l ,l4lt i l a. exception, voted on the side of protection. J. McC. is equally at fault in stating, that no thing was said for the past eleven years about protection, as until the late collapse of our moneyed institutions;" for, during that time, our manufactures were depressed at intervals to the lowest ebb, and discussions, innumera ble, by the press and business and political conventions were the consequence, as well as several vain attempts in Congress to despoil the people of the slight protection, afforded to their labor by the tariff of 1846. Time and space will not permit 1110 to follow J. 31cC. any further in his vagaries, nor would additional refutation of theta subserve any useful purpose; lbr the accretion of public opinion, wherever the dignity and liberal re ward of labor are advocated—ln favor of pro tective, yet moderate specific duties on arti cles, that come into competition with our sta ple manufactures, is too apparent to be de nied. There is no extreme measure of the kind expected or demanded; but the necessi ties of the people and the Goverment both require such a modification of our revenue laws, as will prevent the avalanche of imports that has, of late years, and is now paralyzing industrynn on the one hand, and shield the Government from the embarrassment (liar the present system of low duties imposes upon it on the other. It is hoped that those in power will talto counsel from the bitter experience through which we are passing, and devise such measures as moderation and wisdom will sug gest, to relieve the country from the incubus of idleness and want, under which so many of our working people are suffering. LEI7.INON, Dec. 19,1857. C. B. I'. Have You Visited the Suitor's Home [Per The Press.] This question may be propounded to resi dents of Philadelphia, as well as to the numer ous visiters of the 4 , City of Brotherly Love." Our fair city abounds with institutions which stand as monuments of the enterprise and be nevolence of Its citizens. They are justly con sidered objects of attraction, and thither thou sands annually resort to spend an hour or two in pleasant contemplation and research. In stitutions of learning and asylums for the called classes of suffering humanity, occupy commanding sites, and, by their ample ar rangements and complete adaptation to their elevated designs, elicit profound admiration. And, not among the least of these institu tions in value, is " TUE SAILOR'S 'ROUE," lo cated in Front street. It was established some years ago by the 4 i Pennsylvania Seamen's Friend Society," aided by the generous con tributions of the citizens of Philadelphia. It is designed to furnish a 4i Home," in the truest sense, for the mariner, when he enters our port after the long and stormy voyage. Every comfort and accommodation are tendered to him, with entire freedom from those delete rious influences which are connected with other sailor boarding houses. It is conducted entirely on Christian princi ples, and as far as possible is designed to lie tree front sectarian influence. It has a fea ture of true benevolence which should warmly commend it to public attention, in that desti tute seamen may go there and be relieved, the °spoof) being borne by the Society under whale superintendence it is found. The rooms have been furnished by different churches and bear the names of the donors. Devotional ex ercises are conducted morning and evening, and on each Thursday evening a public service Is held in the house. A. good library is fur nished, to which the boarders have free ac cess, and indeed everything which Christain benevolence can devise has been done for the comfort and elevation of this large and in teresting class of men. Again we propound the inquiry, Have you visited the Suitor I Home ? If not, don't forget it in your rambles about town. A visit from you at 422 Front street will he grateful, and the gentlemanly superintendent will bo happy to show you through the establishment. And you will be gratified in seeing the excellent arrangements made for tho comfort and eleva tion of 4 , those who go down into the sea in ships and do business in great teeters." PIIILADELPLIIA, Dec. 26, 1857. -Thu Wheeling papers announce an open rupture between the Marietta and Cincinnati, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Companies, anti there has been no authorized oonnootion between the two roads fora week book. The Parkeshurg papers represent that the Marietta company has boon driven to this by nets of bad faith, and unjust discrimination on the part of the Baltimore and Ohio road." In consequence, the steamer John Buck, will be drawn elf the oonneeting trade., and the through freights received on the Marietta road, will be boated to Pittsburgh, and shipped over the Pennsylvania Central. The trial of Jas. E. Eldridge, for the mur der of Sarah Juno Gould, closed at Pottsdam, N. Y., on Tuesday. The case was given to the jury at 12 M., on that day, and at 6 P. M. they gave the verdiot—guilty. On Wednesday morning, at 9 o'clock, the judge sentenced him to be hung on Thursday, February 11,1858. TWO CEN'I S. THE CI7• Y. ASIDERIIIeNTB TIIIB Mas. DP. BOHM , Wahmese B THRITRI, N. E. 0031631 or NIIIIIR AID IVAIJICT.—" gtiit Waters BUD Deep," "The King of the Mist." Was/rime's ARCH STRUT THHATRII, Alex firezoir, ABM 81X711 —"The Last DRIB of Pompeli"—"lthll Waters Bun Deep." NATION/L TUN/Tag, WALTUT eTaggT, ggie EIGHTS. u The Bag Picker of Paris , —. , Krs. Kr' le"—" Les Voltigeurs." HANFORD'S OPSIi 1100se, EL RRRRRR Brassy, /SOT, 01111811101 . .—Ethloplim Life Illustrated, eoucluding with a laughable altarpiece. Police Items.—While at the Central Police Station, yesterday, the following curious incident came under our notice, in connection with a bur glary case that was investigated by Alderman Eneu. It appears that between three and four o'clock yesterday morning, Officer George Bash, of the Twentieth ward, heard a suspicious noise in the dwelling and dry goods store of Mrs. Sarah A. Sloer, at the northwest corner corner of Sixth and Poplar streets. The officer listened, and hav ing become satisfied that burglars were at work inside, he procured the assistance of some of the Thirteenth ward officers. The police, after guard ing the means of exit from the place, tried the doors and found them fast. They then knocked at the door for some time before they could arouse the family, and even then the inmates of the house (being all females) were afraid to come down stairs when they learned the position of affairs. The officers then forced the back gate, and ar rested one of the burglars in the yard, as he was attempting to make his escape. Upon reaching the house, the second scoundrel was found se• ereted behind a rocking•ohair, in the dining room. The two burglars were taken to the eta. Oen house, where they gave the names of Henry Harrison and Charles Smith. It learns that the /MIN effected an entrance to the house by creeping through a window into the cellar. From the cellar they bored and out through a door leading into the dining-room, and were boring through the door leading from the entry to the store when they were disturbed by the pollee. A brace and bit, chisel, dark lantern, jimmy and other burglarious implements, were found in the house. Among the tools left by the rascals was a largo pocket knife, with the point broken off, and this furnished a clue to the fasten ing of another crime upon the same party. Yesterday morning the prisoners, who are young fellows of eighteen or nineteen, bad a bearing kw fere Alderman &cu. Smith gave the name of David Anderson at the hearing, and Harrison was identified as an old thief and burglar, although a young man, named William Lowrie. The evi dence was, of course, clear and decisive, and the prisoners were committed to answer. • • • . Subsequently the same party.had another hear ing on a charge of burglary. Miss Harriet Budd was sworn and testified that oho resides at the southeast corner of Tenth and Parrish streets, where she keeps a dry goods store. Sometime tier ing the night of the 20th or the morning of the 21st inst., her house was entered from the rear by boring and cutting, and about $lOO worth of dry goods were stolen. The robbery was not discover ed until the family awoke in the morning. Among the rubbish left by the burglars a keen edged point of the blade of a pocket knife was found. Upon fitting this point to the broken blade of the knife, already described as having been found at the hour° of Mrs. Siner, Oleg were fonud to match. precisely. The letters "W. L." were found scratched upon the handle of the knife. Upon being questioned, Lowrie acknowledged that the knife belonged to him, and, that he had put his initials upon The young burglars were also held to answer this second charge. A young man, named Francis Galbraith, was before Alderman Williams, yesterday, on the charge of assaulting his wife with intent to kill her. The wife, who is young and prepossessing in appearance, swore that she was in fear of her life, and the ungallant husband was held to bail to an swer at Court. Important to the Commercial Community-- Restriction of Credit on blaring Insurance.— Reform and ourtailment of the credit system is a prominent feature in the business movements of the times. The accumulation of unpaid premium notes has awakened the attention of insurance companies to the dangers of the system—even when dealing with responsible parties—and a step has been token, which, though marking no radical change, may yet be the first one in a series of im provements. The Philadelphia Board of Marine Underwriters have recently determined, says Turkel is Monthly Insurance Journal, to shorten the period for which credits have been granted— thus lessening the current aggregate of their debt ors' obligations, and exempting the offices from a eonsiderable degree of liability to non-paying po licy-holders. iewed as a self-protective measure, the movement is not en unimportant one in itself. Tho alterations adopted, which are of course bind ing upon the fourteen companies represented in the board, are as follows: On single risks " To or from ports in the United United,Stetea or British Provinces," the credits to be reduced from three months to two months. " Out and home, same rinks," from four months to three months. On risks from the west coast of America to the Sandwich Islands, or rice verse, the credit to be four months instead of six months. Oat and home, cix menthe instead of eight months. ingileirtned i girttirsiii igaiSf i " P cirts44l --P °lts On all inland open policies a credit of eight months. All open policies, when full, to bo dosed until a new credit be opened. Premiums under $5O to be considered as due in easla—but when the accumulated premiums of any one party during any one month exceed $5O, a credit of two months may be allowed. All premiums to be settled according to con tract before the delivery of the pulley. Premiums for time risks, for one year, on ves sels, freight, Ste., .ko., to be settled by rme notes, one-half the amount at six months, and the other half at twelve months, and in ease of non-payment at maturity, of the first note falling due, then the policy thereafter to be void and of no force. The same rule to be applied to all risks of shorter re riods than twelve months. • It is recommended that the following notice shall be inserted in the policy. Notice—lt is agreed that the premiums under this policy shall be settled by two notes of equal amounts, at six and twelve months, and that in case of non-payment at ma turity of the first note falling due, then this policy thereafter to be void and of xo force. New Bridge.—The Board of Freeholders of Camden have held a meeting, when the bridge across Cooper's Creek, at the head of State street, 1./111 received by them from the contractor, all the requisitions of the contract having been complied with. The work has been completed, without, as is frequently the case in contracts of a similar character, any charges for extras. The net cost of the structure to the county, wo learn, will be $lO,OOO. The work of preparing the road on both sides of the creek will be pushed forward without delay, and the bridge be thrown open for public travel early in the ensuing spring. CITY POLlCE—DEcrunkk 29. [Reported for The Press.] JUSTICE Dv MISTAKE.—A strange instance of 1 retributive justice took place in this city yester day morning. While a student-at-law, whom we shall call Richard Styles, for the nonce, (as we do not wish to mention the true name of the promis ing young gentleman,) was absent from the office where ho studies, having stepped oat to borrow fifty cents for the purpose of liquidating a long standing bill for washing and ironing, a noted thief named Jerry Grimes, pop:sed into the office and stole the young man's drab "Raglan," or over coat, the wide sleeves of whirls were lined with crimson, and were calculated to make quits a showy appearance on the street. Griner, the thief, finding the office deserted, embraced the op portunity to slip on the Raglan and immediately loft tho premises, very much elated, no doubt, with the thought of having seemed so handsome a prise. Rut, it seems there are some good angels who watch over the interests and welfare of young lawyers, (which is rather more than we have a right to cipect,) for, by a most surprising chance, or by the direction of some extra-mundane power, the Raglan was preserved for the use of the right owner. This wonderful preservation was effected in a manner we are about to describe. The young disciple of Coke and and Blackstone, whom we have designated by the legal .01aq-wet of Richard Styles, owner of the aforesaid Raglan and its appurtenances,—lncluding the sleeves, richly lined with crimson,—had lately offered sortie impertinence to a young lady, the sister of another half-fledged lawyer, whom we shall call by the fic titious name of John Noires. John had promised Richard "a good hiding," to punish him for the incivility offered to the young lady just referred to—and about the very time at which Grimes stole the Raglan, the avenger, armed with a small cane, had stationed himself near Richard's office, to watoh for the forthcoming of the said Richard. As soon &she saw the Raglan—which he recognised by the gaily-lined sleeves and other peculiari ties—the furious Nokes grasped his cane firmly in his right hand, and went to work " like a patent threshing maohine," being too much blinded with rage to discover that the real pro prietor of the coat was not Inside of it, Grimers, the thief, received a revere caning, and, sup posing that his thctt had brought down this punish ment, he hastily disengaged himself from the Raglan and offered it to the castigator, acknow lodging his crime, and piteously imploring for pardon. The infuriated Nolces, however, continued to flog on, unmindful of his mistake, until a po liceman snatched the cane from his hand, and took the tormented Grimes under his protection. Il Is illlpo.33ible to deseribe the vexation of Nokes when ho dieeovered that ho had been flogging a common thief in mistake for an undeveloped at torney. When told that he had simply performed an net ofjustlee without intending it, he replied— Tee, but if I had flogged the right fellow, the course of justioo would have been just as well served, and I should bare been much better satis fied." Capt. John 11. Coosin.4, of Belfast, Me., master of ship Coronet, was drowned in the harbor of Falmouth, England, on the 30th ult. lie had fallen in at sea with the wreck of ship Calentil, and having reSeued her officers and crew, made for the nearest port, Falmouth, in order to land them, and then proceed on his voyage, but in attempting to land the crew, twenty lu rancher, from the chip on the morning of the 30th of November, the ship's boats were capsized, and be, with the eeooml mate of the obit , Caloutte, ware drollllo4. NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. Correspondents for ' 4 Tim Plese "rill plena bear la Wind the following ruler: Every communication mutt be aeacretpaajed by ths none of the wrlter In order to !ware eorreetneieol the typo,Trayby, tut one aide of a iheat a/weld be written upon. We shall be greatly obliged to gentlemen 111 Pennsyl vania arid other Ptatee for contributions giving the mar. rant news of the day in their particular 4pcatitlee, the resources of the Run:m.loin; country, the teems', at popnlatlon, and any Information that will be Intercettng to the general reader. GENERAL IVETVi. The Secretary of State has recently for warded to the collector of the eastern' at Charlet ton, South Charleston, South Carolina, a hand ' lame silver unmet. bearing the following inscrip tion : "The President of the United States to W. W. MoLemon, captain of the British "hip Star, fir his noble and disinterested conduct towards the captain and crew of the American aohooner North ern Light"—Captain MeLemon having wed them from shipwreck. The recipient of this handsome testimonial returned to the Eon Mr. Coleock, through whom the presentation was made, his grateful acknowledgments for the highly fiatter• nig and most unexpected notice of Ins act by the American Government. A. Dominican vessel, from Porto Plats, was at Turks Island on the 14th ultimo. The city of San Domingo was still beseiged by Santana's army, were fi ft een hthuned rep men f before e nd S e a r m in a g. a , Tdre it was thought that General Palmantier, command ing for Baer, would soon yield to Santana's forces. The mail schooner Nineteenth of March, running between San Domingo and St. Thomas, hoisted a flag of truce and gave up the mail bag containing Beiel'a correspondence. Several gentlemen who had fled to Turks Island in order to erns pi the persecutions of Bass, were take* home by the schooner Isabel. 411! A mysterious murder has recently °mired at Memphii, Tenn. An Irishwoman, knows as Big Mary, the keeper of a boarding-home, is liv ing with her seventh husband. Three of her former husbands and a son have met their death in her gloomy abode. and her other three husbands died by violence. The other night the nephew of this singular woman was mysteriously murdered in the name house, where his remains were found by the police, surrounded by some twenty of the inmates on their knees. praying for the repose of his soul. The case is still involved in mystery. A very deplbrable affair occurred in Clark county, Ind., recently. A Mies Prather was mar sled to a cousin at her father's residence. Some of the young men, acquaintances of the bride, and bridegroom, came to the house for the purpose of chanraring the parties. The father of the par ties asked them to desist, and they complied with the request. But shortly after they returned, and the bride being on horseback, for the purpee, of going to the home of the bridegroom, the animal became frightened, threw the bride off, and she had her neck broken, causing instant death. The other day, as Chang and Eng, the Sia mese twins, were going to Charleston, the cow &actor of the cars made a fuse because they did not each have a ticket. The gentleman who had charge of them said that they had always been carried on the ticket of a single passenger. The conductor replied that they were tworsons, and occupied two seats ; they must therefore pay two passages. " Very well," said the gentleman, " will give the ticket to Chang, and you can pat Eng off the cars." This brought the conductor to to his senses, and he "knocked under." • We learn from the Mount Lebanon (La.) Baptist that a fatal affray occurred In that place on the 10th inst.. between a couple of students of the Mount Lebanon University, which led to the death of Mr. Winder C. Jackson. It appears that Mr. Stephen Cawthorn. in a play—without Intend ing any harm--called Jackson by a name which he regarded as highly insulting, whereupon Jackson knocked him down, but the students managed to separate them. They afterwards came together again, and Jackson was stabbed, which resulted in his death. An Indiana farmer, named Thomas Long, was garotted in Cincinnati a few nights since and robbed of $5OO in money and between three and font thousand in notes. Ile offered a reward of $540 for the scoundrels, and the Buckeye police 6000 picked them up and placed them in jail for trial. Nothing like a good wholesome reward to open the eyes of blind policemen. Oyer one hundred fishing vessels are now hauled up for winter atProvineetown, Mass. The fishing fares brought to that tort daring the last season have been 25,000 quintals less than the previous reason, and only about 10,000 quintals remain unsold. Sales have' been made as low as 52.50 per quintal, which is about a dollar leas than the usual price. John Collins, a hackman in Chicago, has recovered $358 damages from the Daily Time, of that city, for an alleged libel contained in an ar ticle purporting to show how he bad swindled hackney coach passengers and escaped punishment therefor. Tho Times announces Its intention to appeal the case. The Rusk (Texas) Enquirer, of the sth, learns from a gentleman recently from Henderson. that General J. P. Henderson, United States Sen ator; is now in Rusk county in a very precarious state of health. He is ro feeble as to be unable to appear on the street. On the 21st, a young German, named Thos. Voester, a resident of Wheeling, gat into a difh culty with a fanner on the road from Pleasant Ili 11 to Moundsville, in :Marshall county, and received a blow on the head, Atich resulted in his death The editors of Kentucky met in convention at Frankfort, en the 10th Inv:— and agreed tp adopt the cash system after Ist of July next. Every otaggi n p=iltor in the United States Monti The Legislature of Tennessee has passed a bill declaring that the banks of that State shall resume specie payments on the Ist of January, 1059, at which time they are to issue no notes below $lO. The Hollidaysburg Register announces that the " Central Hank of Pennsylvania." chartered at the last session of the Legislator*, is about to go into operation. Its location is Hollidaysburg, in this State. The Legislature of the State of Georgia adjourned on the 22d teat During the last two days several series of resolutions were offered is both branches relative to Kansas matters, tut all of them were laid on the table. The Democratic State Convention of Texas will be held at Austin on the Sth of January, to nominate candidates for comptroller, treasurer, and attorney general of that State. Foreman, who was arrested for the murder of a young girl at Sunfish, Ohio, examined and discharged, has been re-arrested, and awaits another investigation. In Alabama, on the inauguration of the Governor. an oath in administered that be will abstain from duelling during his term of office. The value of buildings constructed in Chi cago during the past year is 1-4,42.00.0 , 0 U, which is a trifling increase over the previous year. The navigation of the Delaware and Rari tan Canal will be closed on the 10th of January, unless sooner closed by ice. Irru. Potter was shot dead in the United States Hotel at Louisville, on the 24th inst., by a son of Dr. Williams. The Democratic State Convention of Ken tucky will be held at Frankfort on the Bth day of January next. The sixty-ninth anniversary of the settle ment of Cincinnati was celebrated in that city on Saturday last. The captain and mates of the alleged slate bark, W. G. Lewis, at Norfolk, have been held for trial Wm. E. Buckner, a tobacco manufacturer of Lynchburg, Va., died euddenly on . Cbrietmta night. Singular Death from the Bite of a Cat. [Correvondenco of The Prees JEANESVILLE. Lt7ERNE CO r Pa j December 27, 1857. Mr. John Abel, clerk in the employ of J. E. McCreary & Co.. at Lewis Audereid's colliery, died on the morning of the 27th from the bite of a cat. The circumstances are very singular. About ten week 3 since, he Was walkingfrom tile dwelling house to the store, when ho met the cat in the path lie put out his hand to play with bar, when she in stantly dew at him and bit him Ile complained a little at the time r hut it passed away and no more was thought of it. Ile had at times, however, a great repugnance' to water, and the mere sight of it caused a shuddering sensation. On Christmas day be dined at the hotel of Mr. David Martz, at jeanesville, and appeared in usual health. On the morning of the 2.Ctts he complained of being sick, and at lasktook to his bed. Ile suffered inten.se agony, trying to bite the hand which the cat had bitten ten weeks previous, and exclaiming that the sight of water made him mad—a raving manioc- Hie friends had to hold him to prevent his tearing his breast. Medical skill proved of no avail, and 8 o'clock on the ?.:th, Sunday morning, he breathed his last. 'What ren der; the circumstance doubly distreswing is, that he was the only child of parents tow in the far west. If this should meet their eye it may afford them some faint consolation to know that he met with the u'most care and kindness, and that no parents could have done more for him than was done by the kind friends who smoothed his dying pillow. He had been an inmate of Mr Myer's family for soma time, and was touch beloved by them on account of his uniform cheerfulness PHILADELPHIA MARKETS TUESDAY. Dec. oth—Evening—The: wet waa , ther has interfered with wharf operiltion.s to-day, and the produce markets have been unusually dull, but without any quotable change to note in BreadstntTs, which sell slowly, the demand for Flour being mostly for the wants of the local trade. at from $5 up to stitail 50 for common to good brands and extras, the latter for tangy brands, according to quality. Shippers are not in the market at our lowest figure, which Ls the nominal asking price for standard brands. The receipts and stooks are moderate for the sus on Corn :Veal and Rye Flour are nice quiet at $.:l for the former, end $4 per bbl for the latter. Wheats are not plenty, but the supply is about equal to the demand. and 4,000 bushels Reda sold at $1.05 a $1.14 for common to good quality, and sl.l4asl s'o for White. Corn is dull, hut about 3,000 bu new Southern Yellow hare been sold at 53135 c in the care and afloat. Oats sell slowly at :13,1:13;o for Southern, and 34 a 35.! for Pennsylvania. Rya is selling to the distillers at 70c. The demand is steady at that price. Cotton is dull and unset tled, and a Small business doing at about former quoted rotes. Groceries--the market Is firm, Int the wet weather operates against business Pro visions are but little inquired for, and the market for all kinds is dull and drooping. Seeds are quiet, end Cloverseed is selling •ts.sass 121 per be; 150 bit from eeoond hands sold at &private bargain. Whiskey sells slowly et 2.:1323is for bbls, and 214 2130 for drudges.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers