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EDITION OF CHARLES
gt..." KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL MARS PHARE—lre:led
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BAILEY & 00., CHESTNUT STREET
IfrionufoOtororo of
BRITISH STERLINO - EILVER WARE,
Code! their Inspection, on the premises exclusively
sod Strangers aro hirlteet to visit oat menu
fiCtOty.
WATCHES.
•
flontantdr on head a eplendbi stook of Saperto(
Watches, of all the celebrated waken.
DIAMONDS.
tretklacoa, Bracelets, Brood:Om, Zar-BlatO4 finer -
Lge, ord all other *WOAD la the Diamond 11no.
Clotwins of rrzTv DIMIGNS will be ruide free of
charge for those wLshlng work made to order.
' RIME GOLD JEWELRY.
beautiful assortment of all the new styles of Pine
Jewelry, such as Mono, Stone sad Chen Cameo,
Pearl, Coral, Carbuncle, Hargulalte,
, Zara, /co:, doe.
t.E.IIIIInD 00.11TOR8AREE : Wni t . WAITRIS, 1..
Moos* tad Moable, &OOHS, of newest styles,
OA of ploPeilar quality. • sal-4 tarsarly
B. C.A.LDIVELL & CO.,
• 432 WIESTMIT Street,
Hare received, per steamers, new styles.
Ze welts', Chatelaine, Veet Chains.
splendid Pans, Hair Pins.
riult Staudt', Sugar Sestets.
. Jet Clouds and Plower Vase)),
Coral, Lava maltose& Sets.
Sole Agents in Philadelphia fur the tale of Charles
Pro/share's LONDON' TIA ILKEEPERS. delo
1 4 - 11. NE WATCHES.
at: A full supply of all the celebrated London and
Oenera Watches constantly on hand.
We a It the Genuine .61odshoor Watch at 2inenty•Are
Dollars Tess than the spool , price, as established at
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Boston Agency price la 250, 276, 300 dollars.
Bailey & Co 'a price is 225, 250, 273 donut.
BAILEY & CO.,
428 CHESTNUT Et.
n026-Btatli4w
- & A. PEQUIGNOT,
‘l.—r& ILLEUFACTIIBE.BB OF WATOTIOABEB
AIPO EOPOPTICRO OP VAPOONB,
121 EOUTII TIEIBBETRBET, BELOW 011EBTNI3T,
,EITILADELPRIA.
CONSTANT AUGUSTE PEQVIONOT.
Pete-Smolt*
B. JABBER Sc BRO.
4kr , • DfLNIVACIIVIZOS AND lISPOIIT6III OP
SILVER-PLATED WARE,
No. 804 Oheeinnt, Street, *bore Third, (op ' , Mild
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LADLES, Sto., h o .
Gilding end plating oa all kind* of metal. oda)
AIL ITER, WARE.-
WILLIAM WILSON & SON..
MANUFACTURERS OF SILVER WARR,
(EVABLISIIED 1812 t)
W. CORNER MTH AEA CHERRY STREETS
. .
large assortment of SILVER WARE, of every de•
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env pattern deFired.
Imparters at ahemeld sad Birmingham Imported
crave. • ee3o-d&wly
Political.
~F OR REGIS ROF WILLS
w m lIANCOCKS,
TWELYTIS WARP,
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JR SliE IFF—
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Subjet“o Democratlo mien
FOR SHERIFF --
ALDERAIAN GEORGE MOORS,
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EDWARD T. MOTT O
• TWELYTII WARD , ,
pußloO, rp DSMOO6/T/0 EULte. 0014*n*
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J)ISSOLUTION.—Tho PARTNERSHIP
TtllB DAY dlesorrea b il y g inutual consent. The bosh:tee;
' , till be continued at the old, stand, 3132 'MARKET Bt..
try C111,0,1:£3 WILLUSIS, who It authorized tb collect
ta4 pay all debts of the late thin.
-
P Walt 14 BAKER,
:Vv. I, 10h57. CHARLES W/LLIA3fB.
• '
The uniieialgued 'Cold Inform the public, that having
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continuo the BEATING and. VENTILATING business
at the old stand, 1192 )IARKET Street, where will be
fount a full aesortmant of Ranges,lteaters, Ventilators,
Registers, Beth Boilers, he.,
and hopes, by strict et
tention to business, to werita share of the patronage
of the public. •
.1 it t ElB • Y IV EN TIIAT T
firm of aßros BROTIIERB k UO., heretofore ex
isting In Nee' Yark and Philadelphia, le tide day
EALYED by molest consent, - and that the bagasse of
the firm wilt only Ins carried on for the purpose of It.
quldatlen. • ' - Signed,
ftklBB
ISA*O RFaik,s
addIER REM.
" Id. tIANI3
Joax
nole.dBt&tuthe.tf
hovember le
. D. ROGERS, CARRIAGE RE
- pottery, 3,009 and Moll CUBSTRUT n, Above
Tenth, la now open for the nate of every description of
'Carrlegra ' combining style, durability, and elegance of
tlntch from the Manufactory, at the cornei of SIXTH
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end Southern and Western gentlemen is respectfully
called.
N.R....Espectal attentiod 'gfren to carriages. for re
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- -
'DUBUC NOTICE.—.E. G. WHITMAN 8c
CO. aro now propared to offer to the public the
beet and largest assorttoent of Bonbons; Sugar Toys,
Candled Pratte, Sugar and other fancy goods, suitable
for Christmas Trees. The candles manufactured by WI
as of the best material that coo be had, amongst
_which are fine engar.ceated Almonds, Jelly Drops,
Cordial Drops, Slos,Paste, Cum Drops, CarameDes,
&e. P. S.—Superior Walnut Candles, Cream, and
all varieties of plate Candles. • Also; dealers in all
•Irtuds , Forsign yrults and Nets. .No, tog South BE.
" • COND, one door below OKESTNUT Street, Philadel.
n028.s to the.erlt
046111111 f, or,QIIINESE BUG4R-OANE
l'aBpp=2,s pustie.le for rile Dy - • ,
PROABDAIX„rtIBITt, &
No_ lUt N, Delaware aionne.
• NCIBBSg RANGE.- , -SOLD BY ORA
& BRO.ilto.so2 OMOOND Stmt.
VOL. I-NO. 116.
C4eVrtss.
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1857.
OOVERNAIENT OF ISRITISII INDIA.
The British Ministry; It is said, have deter
mined to assume the entire and exclusive Go
iernment of Hindostan. It is full time for this
to be done. The East India Company, almost
wholly bent upon making money, as traders,
have proved themselves unequal to the respon
sible duty of governing. Nor has the system
established by their charter worked well or
smoothly. There is, in fact, a double Govern
ment of British India. On one side is the
Court of Directors, who are the nominal go
vernors of that vast territory; on the other,
there Is the Board of Control, appointed by
the Crown, with its President (for the time
being) invariably a member of the British
Cabinet. This second is the real Executive,
for it has the most completo control over every
act and deed of the Court of Directors, so
much so that the minutest memorandum must
bo endorsed by the Board of Control before it
be sent out by the East India Directors. But,
on the''otherhand; there is no cheek what
ever 'on the Board of Control, which can send
what ordure it pleases to Calcutta, without the
consent, or even without Hie kmkedge, of the
Court ofblreetora;•and is certain of hatinglta
commands implicitly obeyed.
If ever there were a doubt of the existence
.of a Circumlocution Office (so graphically de
scribed by Dickens in tc Little Dorrtt,") it
would be removed, at once and for over, by
an examination of the two-fold system which,
for such a long period, has been brought to
bear upon British India. If the intention had
been to do things in the most troublesome,
most circuitous, and least satisfactory manner,
then that purpose has been amply carried into
effect. The tone of despatches from India Is
grave, dignified, and grandiose. A certain
magniloquence is affected, which puts the
most commonplace intimations very ludi
crously upon stilts. If au Indian civil officer
has to communicate so simple a fact as that
the rice crop has been prosperOus, ho will use
as many words, worked up into solemn and
spun-out sentences, as would cover two or
three pages of congenial foolscap. Every
line thus sent from India to the Board of
Directors has to be copied for the perusal of
the Board of Control. Sometimes duplicate
copies are required, when Indian matters have
to be considered by the British Government—
even as many at seventeen separate copies extra
(one for the Queen and one for each of her
Cabinet Ministers) having sometimes to bo
made. •
Every line sent to India, by the board
of Directors, has to be copied several times—
triplicate copies for India, to provide agairiSt
the loss of one or two mails, being inevitable,
besides duplicates for the records in the India
House at Leadenhall street, and the olSee of
the Board of Control, in Cannon Row, West
minster. The result of all this eternal writing
is—the delay of all business to be transacted.
Such.a thing as receiving a despatch from
India on a Monday, and sending out a reply by
the following Saturday, would he considered
almost impossible by the retardation corps of
the British India Circumlocution (Mee.
It is not doubted, by those who have resided
In the country, and have had amplest and most
accurate means of ascertaining the true circum
stances, that British India might not only be
better governed, directly under the Crown, but
with far less expense and much greater pecu
niary advantages. The net - revenue of British
India, which ir,ai £20,537,073 in the year 1851,
was somewhat about £21,000,000 at the com
mencement of the present year, before Disaf
fection reared, its flag. The gross revenue is
about 4 , 27,00000—but nearly a fourth of this
amount comes tinder the head of cost of col
lection, leaving twenty-one millions Sterling
towards general expenditure. Not only is
every shilling of this money spent, but the
East India Company are largely in debt. They
owe about £50,000,000, the annual interest on
which (payable out of revenue) is nearly
£2,500,000. The cost of governiug the coun
try, and the heavy dividends paid to the pro
prietors of India Stock, absorb all the rest of
the public revenue. Under a good system,
more revenue could be raised, at far less cost,
and on a principle of taxation more just to the
natives, who have to pay The mere ex
pense of a double goveiltiOnt may well be
spared, particularly as that government only
unite in showing the world how not to do what
•
it ought. Under tho Company's Charter, Moro
is a light reserved to the Crown of becoming
de facto ruler or Ilindostan, on paying off all
India Stock, at sir per cent., Which can easily
be done as the dividends are an high as ten
The system of double government, now
about to be abandoned, was devised by no leas
a person than 11" - mrAm P.ITT, first Earl of
Chatham—the same who, a few years later,
so eloquently and firmly protested, in Parlia.
ment, against the manner in which the Ameri
can colonies were misgoverned. When the
East India Company received its charter from
Queen ELIZADtTIi, in 1600, no one anticipated
the extent ot territory, the vastness of wealth,
and the immensity of power which it was to
accumulate. The mere traders who arose to
the rank of Sovereigns, says Lord .ILtitox,
showed no aptness for the now and extraordi
nary duties which devolved upon them ; they
rose above tt trading company In their fortunes,
but not in their conduct and opinions. Lord
Crwrivar, as far back as MO, considered that
the establishment of a good form of govern
ment was (c the greatest of all objects," said
he, ti according to my sentie of great." His
idea, which ho never embodied, was that the
Crown, and not the Company, should possess
and rule the territorial conquests made by the
Litter, and that the holders of the Charter wore
merely entitled to certain commercial privi
leges, and lair interest on their invested capi
tal. Ho thought, too, that by governing fin
dostan fairly, income could be derived there
from sufficient to diminish home-taxation, and
even gradually to pay off the whole National
Debt. His system of double government, con
tinued to this day, was but the precursor of A
greater - and grander plan, which he never em
bodied.
The establishment of British, rule in India,
under a direct delegation itom the British Go-
nol7.lnvM
Wolitt
vornment, ought to commence a new era In
that country. There really to no cause why the
revenue might not be greatly Increased, even
with the reduction or the repeal of many taxes
which are complained of as oppressive. Such,
In particular, is the impost upon salt, an article
of neeessity, for health among the Hindoos.
The sum of three farthings (one cent and a
half) Is levied on every pound of salt consumed
in British India, and this impost alone brings
In 13,000,000. Many otbet taxes might ad
vantageously be modified, and there is no
doubt that a better system can readily be in.
troducod.
On many grounds, therefore, there is room
for congratulation on the prospect of British
India passing out of the grasping bands of the
Coompany Sahib—as the llindoos call thu
East India Company. There can no longer
be that occasional playing at cross purposes,
between the two Executivee, (at Leadenball
stroet and Cannon Row,) which lies sometimes
caused so much mischief. England has now the
opportunity of doing justice .to India, which
has so long been denied, and must turn over a
new leaf, or look out, every half dozen years
or so, for a repetition of the effects, from like
causes, which have led to the present position
of affairs in Illndostan. Continue in the
beaten track of misrule, she cannot, and must
prepare for a change as important as ever yet
took place in English transactions.
on ARLES WILLIAMS
The Reading (Pa.) Gazelle states that on
Batruday, Judge Jones decided ;against the Mil
cation for a new trial In the case of Peter P. Lad
trig, convicted on the 13th of August last, of
setting Ore to the horn of William Hain, in Spring
township, and sentenced him to an imprisonment
of • five years in the Eastern Penitentiary— the
term of imprisonment to date from the day of MI
conviction—au 4 to find - security In $2,000 to keep
the peace for tea years.
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DEBATE IN THE U. S. SENATE.
• WEDNESDAY, Doceunret 0, 1851.
Mr. Elm en, of Penesylvania, said : It is not my
Intention, Mr. President, to spook to the'ruere pro
position to print the message and documents; nor ,
do I intend to-day to attempt to address the Senate
at length on the grave and diffieult eubject which •
has been unhappily precipitated upon this body.
I never felt eo much responsibility in my lifo. I
never felt A greater anxiety to do my duty. Nev
er since I have bean connooted with public entre
have I desired in my whole soul eo much to du what
would be best for this great country. I feel tar
weakness, and how much I regret the suggestion 1
made yesterday evening, that I concurred with the
President of the United States in the views he lied
taken, and ehould endeavor to defend those views,
for I now feel how much I am unprepared. But,
whilo I Anil not melee a speeolt to-day, I dos - ire
very briefly to notice come of the propositions of
my friend from Illinois, which have fallen on my
ears as most extraordinary.
It would be neoeesary. Mr. President, to a fair
understanding of this question, to trace its history;
and nothing have I regretted ao much as that the
Senator from Illinois did not stop in the first in
stance to look at this question in its true character.
Still more am I painedevith the remembrance that
4is feelings were not much as I had hope! they
would be on a question as delicate and so dan
gerous, which he has labored so tong and so ardu
ously to allay.
Sir, I do not think it to entirely the part of a
statesman to handle this question as though each
particular view which he may hold eau be die
tinotly carried out. The question should occur
to his mind, What is beef for the country under oil
tho circumstance? It will nut do to thew to me
that the Constitutional Convention of Kanatie has
been guilty of sins of omission .or commission on
the one band, or that the Topeka movemout was
without atithority of law, arid in derogation of the,
authoeity.of the• United States Government on the
other. I look at thte question as it is before us,
in a spirit of Amnesia/on and tomprom Ise, and I trust
that measure of patriotism which will embrace all
the Shafted this Union and the interests and rights
of all the people, and inquire, What shall wo do!
Has my friend from Illinois persuaded himself
that, with the presout elate of feeling in the Tor
ritory of KatiNa3,lt is . poseible to have any measure
carried out with preateion and order? Are there
nu reasons to apprehend strife, and confusion, and
violation of principle there? Has he any guarantee
that whatever action Congress may take will se
cure a peaceful exercise of the elective franchise
there to the entire inhabitants of that Territory ?
What is there in the history of Kaneas to bring him
to the conclusion that either party in power there
wilt wield that power with moderation? I have
long since abandoned that idea, and I have per
seeded myself that patriotism and duty would re
quire that Kansas ehould be admitted Into the
Union on the first allowable opportunity, for the
sake of Kansan and the Union. From the day that
Senator offered his bill in this hall, in 18e1, to this
hour, he has never witnessed the same measure of
complication - in the affairs of that Territory, or the
same menacing Repeat to the country.
The extraordinary things in the Semi:ores 're
make that occurred to say mind are these : The
impertance that he attached to FO much of the
Kaunas-Nebraska bill as declares that the. people
shall be left perfectlyefroe to select their own do
mestie institutions. Will the Senator from DB•
nets contend that the people of Kenees aro to look
to that act for their right to form their ordinary in
stitutions ? Will he toll me that the Missouri line
interpoeed against any of those rights, or that the
repeal of It enlarged them or affected them In any
possible way? Certainly not, This Missouri line
had reference to elavery alone. Ilie act of 1854
had eefirenee to the institutionsof elavery only. It
is that, and that alone, which has agitated the
country. It It that to which we have had re
ference mainly when speaking of the rights of the
people of that Territory. That dangerous and
agitating question It was which constrained.the
wisest men who hare over Resembled in this clim
ber in 1850, to agree that this dangerous issue
dumb] be taken from Congress and given to tho
people. However that great fact may be obscured
by logic, however it may be beclouded by a mass
of-1 shall not say subterfuge or teehnieality, but
I may ray special pleading—the great truth is be
lore the people of the United Steles that that is
the only question to which we hero not had refe
rence in all this long struggle. What I hare de
sired, and whet I hare thought would bo cousin
sive, was that we should base from the people of
Kansas each en embodied expression us would give
ue their will on that subjeet.
I certainly concur with the President of the
United States in that part of his message in which
he says he would have preferred that the whole
Constitution should he, eahruitted to the people ;
lint the Convention—exercising what he has eon
ceded to he their right to make a Constitution and
send it to Congress—submitted only the slavery
quention. I do not say that tho whole of that Con
etitution would have been adopted or rejected, but
Icon any to the Senator from Illinois that I was
in the Territory before) the delegates were elected
and for nearly I
. a month afterwards, and I think
know some oretunstancee whieh influenced the
notion of the , pooplo. I know what was said on
the one side end on the other from the rostrum,
for I heard it. I heard the advocates of the To
peka movement say to the men who proposed to
form a Constitution .under the laws of the TOY.
0:07 : " We will not ,judge of any Instrument
you may submit; no will not consider its mer
its at all." ' Why 1 '' Beta-dee we are, deter
mined that, the laws, which the President of the
United States has said shall ho carried out, theft
be rendered null and void. Governer Walker bee
told us that there laws are binding, and that the
Convention has been legally convened; ire do
not subscribe to that doctrine; we will therefore
accept no form of government from a bogus Con
vention." I heard more than one of them say
that ova if the Convention ehould give to them
the Topeka Constitution, word for word, and let
ter for letter, they would trample it in the duet,
because they denied the authority of the law which
the President of the United States 1411.9 administer
ing there. However unwisely members of the
Convention may have noted--and I do not intend •
to defend the details of their action by any means
—lt' will not do to say that there were no cur- I
rounding circumstances to impel them to mach ac
tion. Probably if the Republicans heti the power
at that hour, they would have wielded it. quite
as unwarrantably, The deolarations to which I '
here referred naturally begot retalietleo. The'
answer was, " If you will netjudgie or this instils- •
mont, why ehould it be submitted to you 7 " Now,
sir, I will tee , to the Senator from Illinois, in de
fence of hie friend, the President of the Conven
tion, whose idol ho has almost been, that in all my
intercourse with him I never hoard from him an
unreasonable or an unfair suggestion on the cub
jeot. lie did say, And he did write, that he would
agree to a submiesion of the Constitution to the
people; but when he was told, -' we will not judge
of this," his views were different. Ho told me to
any to the President of the United States that if
this spirit was persisted lii, if they were to 130
broken down 'Amply to give the Dowel- to their ono
mine, and not because, the Constitution was a bad
' one, he would not ho bound to submit it. He held
that under the organic act, and according to the
common understanding of the country, they were
under an obligation to submit the slavery clause.
That they did not submit it in a proper form I
agree. It ought to have been, one way or the
other, distinctly. They might have withheld the
Constitution entirely; and avoided the difficulty
I which the Senator raised na to foreihg a lemming
assent to the Constitution. That, however, Is some
whet of a theoretical difficulty, for I never heard
any Issue in Kausal, nor will the Senator hear any
serious issue there, as to the main features of the
Constitution. The virtueof the submission is that
it withholds the Constitution, except that portion
which relates to slavery.
The Senator is perfectly aware that as late as
1818, when a Constitution was formed for lineage,
the same monstrous outrage upon popular sover
eignty was practised, fora portion of that Consti
tution AT 'put Into operation without being sub
mitted to the people. lie was the able advocate
of Mr. Toombs 's bill, which did not etuanato from
the people of Kansas. They did not delegate their
sovereignty In the fret instance ; they were not
coneulted at all ; they had not petitioned for it;
and yet the Senator advocated and voted for that
bill. It provided for an election of delegates,
named the timer and planes, and milled together a
Convention to 3.:110113 the people of Kansas woro to
delegate their tersereignly. It did mere, sir. It
put that Constitution into operation without ever i
consulting the people of Kansas. If the Senator's
feelings bad been awakened at that time na to the
peculiar rights of the 'people of Kamm, ho never'
could have voted for Mr. Toombs's bill. That was •
non-intervention—very peculiar, however. I woe '
unwilling, as I remember, in the first instance ; to
go for a measure of this kind, becalm() I thought
it contravened the prineiplo of non-Intervention.
New, if I understand rightly the position of the Semi
at
r from Illinois, ft:comedown to this: Although '
the Constitution of Rams. when presented here.
may be republican ; though there may bo in it no
ineurmountable objection ; though it may bo a roe
amiable Instrument, made by competent authority,
in accordance with law and in the proper form,
Kansas shall not come into the Union because this
right thing was not done through a particular pro
cess. Is that consistent with the doctrine of non
intervention ? I deny the right of Congress to go
behind the organic act, and Inquire into all the de
tails of how the people of Kansas have proceeded ;
but when Kama presents herself for admission at
the doors of Congress with a republican Consilin.
tion, formed in order, According to law, the Senator
from Illinois is about to say to those people, you
shall not come into the Union because you did not
do this right thing in the proper way. Sir, when
the queetion Involves the peace of the whole coun
try, and, as I know, the prosperity of Kansas, I
will not bo pledged to any any each thing; but if
the measure Is right in itself, and WI can see that
It imposes no great future wrong on the people of
Kansas, in view of the peculiar circumstances
which surround the rose the difficulty of getting
any law properly administered there, the danger
of leaving the question open, 1 will, eo far as I
have the power, assist to throw open the portals of
the Union and welcome Kansas as a State, thus set
tling this bitter family feud forever. Sir, I do not
Intend to follow the subject further to-day. I
thought, however, that some of the positions of the
Senator from elllinols wore eo peculiarly forced,
that, though entirely unprepared, I should not,
after the intimation I had given, do justice) to
myself if I allowed tutees remarks to pass un
noticed.
Mr. Memos, Mr. President, I 'do not moan to
go into this debate, because it is now entirely upon
questions purely abstract;' but I think it due to
the honorable Somber from Illinois, to V 1130130 re
marks I have listened with groat attention, to
point out to him one, at least, of the intim:los con-
Mined in hie argument. I use that term with en
tiro respect; and I should bo unjust to memoir it'
I did not use it with entire respect to him. beeauso
all will. admit that his speech was ono of great
strength and great lower, but, In my conception,
with great diffidence I say it, tees of little moment
--in Its legal positions, and in its political conclu
sions, a senor of monstrous fallacies. I only desire
to point Gni ono now. Tho honorable Senator said
that the effoet produced of necessity from the
mode of submitting the' subject to the people of
Kansan was to diefranehise all who did not come
to the polls prepared to vote for the Constitution;
, and thus, he said, - all who did vote, whether for
PHILADELPHIA, TUESDA.Y, DECEMBER 15, 1857.
or against alaVory, were compelled to vote for the
Constitution, and those of either class who were
not prepared to vote for the Constitution, must ne.
cessarlly refrain from voting at all; and yet the
honorable Senator complained—and it wee thy
great staple of that part of his argument—that, the
Constitution was not submitted to be voted on. At
ono time he declared that it was withheld from the
people; and again ho declared that till who mane
to vote were necessarily obliged to vote for it.
Now, I submit to the honorable Senator, how could
a man be compelled to vote for that which was nut
submitted to him to be voted on at all ?
Mr. Douor,ss. Did the Sonator'undetitand two
to say that it was withhold?
Mr. MASON. So I uudetylood.
Mr. Docat43. I inlid s illet. the reverse.
Mr. ML:ION. The Senator cortainly said they
withheld everything from the people eseept the
question of slivery; and yet the Senator declared
that whoever voted on the question of slavery,
whether fur or against it, was obliged to vote for
the Constitution ; and the Senator drew the logi
cal consequence that, of necessity, those who did
not choose to vote for the Constitution were obliged
to stay away and refuse to vote at all. That was
bis argument. Now, the (annoy I meant to point
out wee this: look at that Constitution and you
will and that the Convection withheld the Consti
tution ; It wee not submitted to the people at all.
Whether that woe well done or ill done is another
question ; but the Constitution was withheld from
the people, and the only question submitted to
them was, whether they would establish or Inter•
diet slavery? Thoy might go there and vote upon
that, and not vote or express any opinion what
ever on anything else contained in the Constite•
•
Son.
Doent..ts lam flurry I was misapprehended.
by the Senator from' Virginia. I certainly took
the ground, first, that the Convention lead 'no"
power to frame a Government and,put it in opera.,
flan without aubinitting it fo the poopte ; secondly,
that the Convention showed a nonsedonswessaf tbay
Mot, by providing that it should be sobinittad
the people, and should take effect from and after
the date of ratifieation. House, from that aollen
of tho Convention, whatever vitality the Ootiatittl.
Oen wits ever to have, resulted, not from the Con
vention, but from a vote of the people. I then
showed that while they noknowledged it 'would bit
void but for the ratiGention of the people, it pro
vided that it should be submitted for free too
coptiineo or rejection in Snell a form as to
cut off all negative rotes, and only count
the affirmative. That was my position—apo
sition sustained by the Constitution itself. The
Senator is entirely mistaken if ho supposes that
by the remotest inference he .is authorixod by
that Constitution and schedule in saying they
withheld it from the people. The schedule soya,
in on many words. This Constitution shall be
submitted to•all the inhabitants In the Territory,
on the day of election, for their acceptance or re
jeotion, in the following form " This shows that,
they provide, not that it shall go into operation
without submiasion, but that It shrill bo submitted.
and they profose to submit it. They then out off
the negative votes,
which, of °mines, makes a sure
thing of it. That is my positioe. It' the Senator
from Virginia had understood it. I apprehend ho•
would not have discovered any fallacy.
One word in reply to the gentleman from Penn
sylvania—
Mr. BIGLER. If the Senator will allow too at
thie point, I wish to give tome authority I have on
the subject.
Mr. DOUGLAS. I yield the floor.
Mr. Moran. I denim attuply to say that I MO
exceedingly anxious to undoratnnd the precisepool
thin of that question. It wee diftleult to tall. from
the language of the question.,
Yesterday I asked
Colonel Henderson, of Kansas—who wee an active
member of the Convention—what it meant.
nrhy," told he, ult meant this: that there aro two
entire Constitutions, end the people vote separately
for the Constitution without elarery—the °matt
.tutton the Convention bee formed--or tlrb Conati
tution with slavery." I understood him to may
that there were two Certatitutious precisely shut
tar,
Mr. Dottot,AS. If there are two Constitutions, us
wo have but4Jac, I should like to see the °their: and
I went to know which ouo of thC two the Senator
from Pennsylvania is fur, when he says he eittees
with the President ingoing for this,
Mr. BtuLan. I raid they were precisoly shut.
tar.
Mr. Dounnas. If those aro two copies of the
sumo Constitution I can understand it, but that
the Convention made two Constitutions procisolv
similar. I do not understand. But, if they dill
what difference dove it make ? Yon may veto rot
ibis Constitution or the ether one ; but they am
just alike, and you must take one or the other.
Mr. BIGLER. One will make Ifensas• a free
State, and_ the other will make it a slave Siete.
That is the difference,
Mr. 80u0r.43. You may vote for this or the
other Constitution, and If you vote for either,
you may vote on the slavery question; but on.
lees you do vote for one or the other of Bram
Constitutions, you cannot vote on that sub
ject. It mites no diTeronoe bow many
copies they Made ; the simple question It, do
they allow the people to vote on the slavery
question, without outing a vote on any other
subject? By that Constitution, you cannot
vote on the slavery question by itself. You ern
ootupelled to write on the ballot, " For the co k tv.l.-
tatlen," as preliminary to voting. Your right to
veto is theft conditional, not free. flat I did tat
rise for the purpose of controverting Maar quesn
lions. I was solng . to say a word or two to the
Senator from Ponnsyfvunitt. Be assumed on Mein
the opening of this discussion that I thought wee
entirely uncalled for, as if ho wished rather to in
timate to the Senator frourlllinois that his beating
was not erectly right—an intimation of speaking
by authority not authorised and not respected.
Mr. Bonen. Mr. President, I beg to say to the
Senator front Illinois that in net ono word that I
uttered did I intend the slightest disrespect of that
tort, nor do I wish the Senator from Illinois to mark
me as speaking hero exoopt for myself. I express
on this subject the views which I have deliberately
made up. They concur generally, if not entirely.
with those expressed by the President of the United
States.
Mr. Donates. I have not another word to say
on the point on whlob I was speaking. 'The ox.
planation of the Senator from Pennsylvania is
conclusive on that point. It may be that I mis
understood the manner in which ho treated the
subjoot ; but, whether I did or not, his statement
is concluilivo with me. I was certain he did not
speak fur the President of the United States. I
knew that, for the President had Just spoken for
himself, iu language which condemned that Con
vention for not submitting the Constitution to the
people, and be refuses to recommend that wo
should receive this Constitution. 'The absence of
a recommendation clearly shows that it was not an
Administration measure. Certainly the President
is not going to have, ae an Administration measure
here, one to which he has not committed himsolf
and Ida Cabinet. The President of the United
States is a bold, frank man, and if he intends to
give us en Administration measure, he will say so
lu so many words. Ile boa not said so. It is not
. .
respectful to him to asillnio that he wants us to do
that which ho woe not willing to recommend us to
do in his annual mango, when acting under the
authority of the Constitution, which makes it his
duty to recommend the measures which the public
good requires. Hence, of course, I knew the
Senator did not speak by authority, and I was
going to doily his right to do Po; but inasmuch so
I misunderstood him. I have no counnontm to make.
Mr. ilser.cit. Will the Senator permit me a
55105110111.7
Mr. DOUGLAS. Certainly.
Mr. Inai.En. I think I ant very safe in say.
In —and I believe that the Senator from Illinois
will agree with me—that the President of the
United States upholds the doctrine la his message
that that Convention bad a right to form a Cou- !
siltation; it had n right to submit it to the people
of tho Territory for their approval, or send it here
for the approbation of Congress, and the admission
of the State into the Union. I think it is very
clearly deduelble from the message, in addition,
that the President of the United States does not
think that the eitettmetance of not submitting the
entire Constitution to a vote of the people should
keep 'Kansas out of tho Union If her Constitution
is republican and right in nil other respects. On
that pond wo will agree. With that I understand
the Senator from Illinois to take Issue.
Mr. Decease, I infer from the message that
the President of the United States does hull that
that Convention had a right to frame a Constitu•
tion and send it up here ; but that was under the
right to petition for redress of grievances under
the Constitution of the United States, end not be
calm the Legislature of the Territory had the
power to constitute' that a legal Constitutional
Convention,
Mr. Biradm. Where do you find that?
Mr. DOVGLAS. Yesterday a epeeeh was road to
this hotly, showing that the President bud hold
that doctrine twenty years ago, and bo has never
disavowed it Once. In that epoeoli the President
declared that a Territorial Logielaturo had no
power to create a Convention to form a Constitu
tion ; and that, if they attempted to excrete° such
a power, it would be an net of nearpnilon—a high
orlmo—a mime subjeot to impeachment. The
President has held these doctrines for twenty
years. Ile held them at the same time that Clone.
ral Jackson's Administration hold them in regard
to the Arkansas case. The Democratic party hoe
held them over sines. I have proved to-day that
the Democratic party, so far as it is bound by oar
notion ono year and a half ago, assorted the same
doctrine in the lianeas report which I made from
the Committee on the Territories. I firmly be
lieved then that that Committee was a faithful ex
ponent of the views of the Krinsaa.Nobraska party.
In that report we set forth that doctrine, and, as
the Senator well knows, wepublielied and circu
lated daring the campaign, in order to elect Mr.
Buchanan, three hundred thousand copies of
that report as a party document. I paid
for one hundred thousand of thorn myself.
I never board It intimated that the doctrine
then expounded, and on which the President
was olootod, wits ropudlated by any portion of tho
pnrtv and tboreforo said that tho President of
tho Vnitod Staten was with moon this question, so
far an his rcoord shows.
Mr. ineLtit. I must enter my protest and
claim the benefit of the statute of limitations,
which Is applicable to a shorter period than twenty
years. I cannot consent that the Senator from II
linelb shall hold the President to principles whioh
ho may hate laid dorm twenty years ago, under
entliTly different circumstances from those which
now exist. It is not half so long since the Presi
dent of the 'United States declared that the Mis.
snarl line would be the best compromise of the
slavery difficulty that could be made. In 1848
the Senator from Illinois advocated the extension
of the Missouri lino to the l'acitio ocean; yet he
was the man who proposed and insisted th.tt it
ought tuba repealed. Ile Was at ono time In favor
of extending it. and, therefore, made his principle
acceptable to him under the circumstances then
existing; he was willing, then, to take it. Now,
would it not be very ungenerous in um to held to.
day that the Senator's argument was n fallacy,
because ho at one time advocated the extension of
the Missouri lino?
Mr. Doont.ts. I dopy the right or tho Ponator
from Pornpylvanin to interpose tho el atnte or Ihni
tortoni' upon this ocertolon, on the wall-known prin.
olple that no ono but the authorized attorney of the
party can Interpose that plea. (Laughter.] Al
the Senator bee disavowed the authority to ant
and speak for the President, he has no right to file
the plea. If the President of the United States
himself will Interpose the plea, I shall admit it.
I, believe in a statute of limitations In regard to
political opinions. I need one very much myself,
oh many points. I am not one of those who
bbaat that they have never changed an opinion
Sir, it Is a matter of gratification to me that I feel
each year that I sin a little wiser than 1 WOO the
year before; and I do not know that a month has
firer passed over my head in which I have not
Modified some opinion In some degree ' • but I am
always frank enough to avow it. 8011, it is fair
fur any man to hold me to a former opinion until
I have expreaved a contrary one. Una the Presi
dent of the United States ever withdrawn the
opinion of which I have spoken, expressed twenty
years ago, in regard to the power of the Territo
rial. Legislatures , I show that the Democratic
partystood by it Midyear, Ic not that rather &short
period for the application of the statute of limita
flues? I hope you are not going to cut off the Cinain
nail Convention by that statute. I deny yourright
to plead the statute against the Cinoinnati Con
vention, until offer the meeting of the Charleston
iemvontlen. The Cincinnati platform is the fun
emeriti), unalterable law of the Democratic
nay until the meeting of the Charleston Com
cation. Congressmen have no right to change It.
ousters havo no right to change it. Cabinets
eanabt alter it ; anti the President, I know, will
li
hot attempt, to do so. I deny the Senator's right
to come In with this plea for the President, nu
plying thereby that he has changed his opinion,
when that same opinion woo lust year the doctrine
Of the Democratic party, and cannot be changed
tot four years to come by the party organization.
-.T• am perfuotly at home when you come to the
discussion of tho question whether it man i 3 inside
fife party or not. I have been in the habit
ff. dwelt:ming them platforms, and helping to
Luke them. I stand now where I stood last
;tor; not because I am unwilling to change, but
ociivitsii I believed I was right then, and I believe
leom right now. The Senator from Pennsylvania
Aan told rue that I actually voted for the
Toombs bill lest year. That to true; and, as I
?laid to-dayl am ready to vote for it again. Ile
ruteil for it ' last year, and m did the gentlemen
around me. Let us vote for it again, and have
'tin quarrels among ourselves. It will not do
to taunt inn with having voted fur a measure
last year which I um for now, but which you me
not for.
Mr, Bictrrt. I certainly did not present the
ease in that spirit at all ; nor did I look at it in
that point of view. I gave it nu such aspect what
ever. I presented it in this point of view: tho So
mdur, in his speech to-day. had hell that it was a
groat wrong upon the people of Kansas to put a GO•
vernment in operation through the agency of their
Territorial laws mod a Territorial Convention, the
whole of which had not boon submitted
r their
approbation; and yot only a short yearn° ho voted
fur no enabling no' which put a State Government
into operation without submitting any part of it to
the people That is what I said.
Mr. Doter, en. My explanation of that is to be
given in the precise language of the explanation of
the President of the United st a te, i n hi s
in which ho says that, in hie Instructions to 0 0 e,
Walker, he took it for planted that the, Constitu
tion was to be submitted to the pooplo under a low
that was silent on the subject. The Toombs bill
being silent, I took it fur granted too, and I sup•
posed every other man did, that It was lo be sub
mitted. I merely adopted the some process of
reasoning that the President himself says he
adopted, and which he aas Rum Lnd to find
I was not carried out. If the President was right
in taking that for grantci, I do not knew why
I was not right, In tsking the Roma thing for
granted. Again, I will ask Gm Senator to show
was an Intimation front any one member of the
Senate. in the whole debate on the Toombs bill, sad
In the Union from any quarter, that the Constitu
tion was not to be submitted to the people. I will
venture to say, that en all sides of the absorber it
Was so understood at the time It' the opponents
of the bill had understood it, wan not, they would
have made thepoint on It;and if they had mach it,
Weehhnld certainly have yielded to it ant put in the
clause. That is a diseovery made since the Pvesi
i dent found out that it was not safe to take it for
granted that that would be done which ought In
fairness to have been dent.
Mr. BIGTAR. I do not pretend to know any
th}ng on this subject which may not appear in the
Journal of Debates. I shall not hold the Senator
to anything that does not appear there; bet this
I will say, that I was present when that subject
was discussed by 6enaters, before the bill wet
introduced, and the question was raised and
dis-
Cussed trhether the Constitution, when formed,
should be fittbmitted lo a vote of the people. It
was held by . those must intelligent on the subject,
that, In slow of all the difficulties surround
lug that Territory, the danger of any.experituent at
that time of a popular rote, it would be better that
there should be no provision in the Toombs bill;
and it was my understanding, in all the Inter
eourse I had, that that Convention wetill make, a
Constitution and pond it here without submitting
It to the popular vote.
4 Mr. D0t01,19. The Senator says be will not
'undertake to state anything that did not occur
hero In debate and appear in tho published dos
bates, intitnating that be has no right, as au honor
able man, to do it. I will not undertake to inti
mate and Insinuate that whieh, as an honorable
man, I Ma net at liberty to express in the body.
If be ',mane to insinuate that I was present at
such a debate find sauetloned that doctrine, let him
say db. If he is not willing to say it, lot him not
insinuate that! was present, privately sanctioning
a measure that I now publicly ant not willing to
avow.
Mr. .131obtn. If I am constantly at fault in
matters of courtesy, It Is painful to me I Dover
have eo failed to observe propriety before Per
haps I hem spoken wrongfully ou this subject. I
have told the /isolator from Illinois before, that
/ should not in any way attempt to reflect upon
him
Mr. DOCOLA.S. I will bring ;this to a close. I
will roloase the Senator from all secrecy, if there
is any, and ask if he knows that, directly or incli•
redly, publicly or privately, anywhere on the face
of the earth, I was over present at such a consul
tation. where it was milled to my attention, and I
agreed to peas it without submission to the people?
I now ask him that question with all aeorocy re
moved.
Mr. Thdcrn. I shall say distinctly what my re
collection is clear about, regardless of any cense
qtleneeS. I remondoer very well that that question
was discussed in the house of the Senator. I am
not oortain that he participated in that discussion,
but I know that 1 dbl. It was urged—l think
snore especially by the Senator trout Georgia,
(Mr. Toombs,) not now in bi.; sea t —that, under all
the circumstances, there ought not to be a isrovi•
slots insortoi requiring that Constitution to bomb
milted to the people. I do not say that the Sen•
otor from Illinois participated in the discussion.
My recollection is hot clear on that point, but it is
clear that, in an intorvie* with souse three or four
members, who were talking about the introduction
of that bill, that subject was talked over I have
said that it was always my understanding that
that Convention would have a tight to make
Constitution, and rend it bore without nAnaitting
it to the people.
Mr, DOPULAH. I never have insisted that there
was a clause In that bill exprea,ly requiring the
Constitution to be submitted to the people, The
point I hate Made WAS, that being silent, it was
u , derstood a 4 a matter of course that it 'MU to be
submitted. Sash a olause was unnostssary. That
was the President's construction of the act of the I
Kansas Legislature. That was my construction of
the Toombs bill. That I may have known there
was no such clause is unquestionably true; but
that I was a party, either by privet° conferences
at my own house, or othenvise, to a plan to force
a Constitution on the peoplo of Kansas without
submission, is not true. That the bill was silent on
the &Neat, is true, and my attention leas called
to tha t about the time it Was passed; and I took
the fair construction to ho, that powers not delis.
gated wore reserved, nod that, of course, the Con
stitution would be submitted to tho people. The
point I made on the Senator was, that ho In
mounted that I was a party to such an arrange
ment privately, which he MRS not at liberty to
tell; and yet he insinuated the very fact that he,
as an honorable non, could not tell. If a point
of honor has restrained hiss front telling it, a
point of honor should restrain him from insinuat
ing it.
Btomin. In my anxiety to rclievo the feel
logs of the Senator from Illinois, I fear I may have
done injustice to myself. Now, sir, I wish to ac•
count for the Impression which was on my mind, and
to mho no imputation on hint. I had called his
attention to the Toombs Wit because it woe in tie
rogation of tho doctrine ho has laid down here to
day. When ho says there was no sentiment of
that kind declared in theSenato, I say I hold that
Senator only to the record here—only to the Jour
nal of Debates. What next, sir ? I justified my
self in what I bad said by an allusion to a sheens.
elanof that prootso question with members of this
body. My purpose was to show the Senator that I
should not have made this allegation without soma
dear loaprestion on my mind. That impression,
I tell the Senator from Illinois, was strength
ened by other things. It was strengthened by
the fact, that when be made the preparatory
bill for the admission of Minnesota ho prom
ded, in express words, that the Constitution should
ho submitted. If it Is an inforenos irresistiblo,
that a Constitution must ho submitted when the
enabling not is silent, why insert it in the Minne
sota bill? There It is Inserted, and I thought it
reasonable—l Arrays bellevod It—l believed it was
wise to put It In that shape, in view of tho sur
roundings in the Territory of Rouses. Ido not
impugn the Sonatoee integrity, or his patriotism,
or his fight motive, or his courage, or anything
that pertains to him personally. Ile bits bad no
more constant admirer than rvyself—nono who
has &Guided him oftener. I thought I was
doing justice to myself. On account of what I
heard, in regard to the Minnosottt bill, I got tho
hepreselon that unless Congress required the sub•
mission of the Constitution to a vote of the people,
that course need not bo pursued.
Mr. Mims. I rieo simply for the purpose of
malting en inquiry. This matter has boon pretty
tolerably well elucidated; but the honorable Sena
tor front Pennsylvania if I did not misunderstand
him, sold that, at a private meeting nt the house
of the honorable Senator from Illinois, there was
a talk that owing to some peculiar circumstances
it was not prudent to Submit the Constitution to the
poople of Ramos, I desiro him to state what soma
of those peculiar circumstances wore which render
ed it inexpedient and impatriotio. I hove not had
the slightest controversy with the Senator from
Illinois on that subject.
Mr. BIOLER. 'lho Senator from Now Hemp
ehlro ie much more familiar ii ith the eurroundings
in Mums thou ho utreots to be today.
Mr. HALE. I did not know whet you talked of
cr there.
Mr. lIBICILLn. I had reference (and I think I
made that very dear) to the condition of tbo Ter
ritory, the bitter feud that divided the people
there, the strifes and violence that were likely to
interfere with a fair election. I said distinctly
that the circumstances rendered a fair exercise of
the elective franchise extremely difficult. Wile
has said more on that point than !bp senator from
New Hampshire? Who has talked more about
usurpation and violence there, Old keeping free-
State people from the polls I I had the same im
pre3sions then that I have now In all the votes I
gave I wee controlled and impelled by nearly the
same motive as now, and that 1719 to get Kansas
Into the Union, whenever she conic up In an al
lowable shape, in order to Settle the controversy.
Mr. Docobts. I roust ask the Senator from
Pennsylvania, whether he means to intimate that
in my house, or In any other, them considerations
teemurged why we should pass the bill without a
Trovision to submit the Constitution to the people?
oes ho mean to say that I nor was. privately or
publicly, in my own house or any other, in favor
of a Constitution without its being submitted to
the people
Mr. Emelt. I have made no Such allegation.
Mr. DocutA9• You have allowed it to be in
formal. Ido not want a false impression to be in•
ferrod because the scene is located in my private
parlor. Of what - importance is it whether In my
houeo or yours, unless I was a party to an agree
tuent of that kind r If I wll3, lot it ho said ; if I
was not, acquit me of it.
Mr. Blots.rt. I stated that I hod no recollec
tion of the Senator participating in that conversa
tion.
Mr, Dour:Lis. Well, it I had nothing to do
with it, and wad not there, I do not know nhat ray
hones had to do with it
Mr. Bit:ll,En. What I esid was the truth, and
that to the only defence I have to make before
the Sonata, and the country, and my God
Mr. 011itItY. Mr. President, I regard the ques
tions raised in this discussion as of the very high
est importance, looking to the structure of our
Federal Government, the extent of the agency of
Congress, and the eatent of the agency of the peo
ple In the formation of States, and the admission of
States into the Confederaoy. As each I am not
willing to Nee the subject pus off without a more
elaborate in% estigation. I do not feel prepared
this o% ening, but I deeiro to he heard on it myself.
With the consent of the Senate, therefore, I will
move to postpone the further consideration of the
subject until to-morrow.
&MEDAL ! , ENATOII9. S a y Monday.
Mr. Guam If it be the wish of the Genate, I
will move to postpone it until Monday.
The motion was agreed to.
VO WEEKS LATER FROM CALIFORNIA
Arrival of the Star of the West
OVER TWO MILLIONS IN GOLD
The Landing of Gentral Walker
The steamship Star of the West, with San Fran•
thou dates to the 20th ult., arrived at New York
yesterday morning. She brings the California
walla and over two rullllond in gold.
The news from California by this arrival =bra.
°es no point of special Interest.
The public were much excited with regard to the
seaworthiness of the PaoVie mall steamers.
The election in Oregon has reunited in the Eno
co.'s of the Conetitution, the rejection of elovory,
and the exclußion of free negroji i i.
Lieutenant Beale, with hie eMels, has arrired iu
California, all well.
The resolution heeded by Dr. Lenares, in 8011.
vie, bad proved successful. General Cerdora bud
fled to Peru.
From Callao we learn that Porn is in a kite of
anarchy. The membere of the Nadel.] Convet.
tion had beau driven from their seats at the KIM
of the bayonet.
Castillo and Vicaneo are at Arequipa, but had
as yet managed to as - old a collision.
Among the parsougere are Major Graham, Capt.
Underwood, Lieutenants Woods. Douglnar, and
\\lllinois, all of the United States array.
In regard to Walker'd dotage, a despatch from
Aspinwall says :
"On the 2ltli of November a small steamer, the
Fashion, appeared elf tho port of San Juan She
did not attempt to enter, but rau down to the
Colorado ricer, where Walker lauded fifty moo.
On the following day oho came Into Greytown at
full speed, with only ten men on deck. She ran
alongside of a hulk, and before the boat of the
United Stated stoop-of-war iSaratoga could board
her, Walker and his party, amounting, to ono hun
dred and fifty mon, had landed at Mr. Scott's
wharf.
" Capt. Chattttd, of the Saratoga, ordered them
away from Szott's preinisen, and has taken
Oreytown and the property belonging to the Trail•
sit Company, under his protection. lle has also
informed, Walker that ho will not allow any depro•
dations to ho committed in either place. On the
Fashion's papers being overhauled, it was found
that she was regularly cleared from the custom
'house at Mobile. She 13 not , . here (Allinson )
Tho British steamer Dee is also here, with do.
a iatehos for the senior officer of the British Heaton
t tis elation, and also for Cern. Pauldingof the B. S
steam frigite Wabash."
Oen. 11 enter, who, it a 11l be recolteotod, tack
hie departure front Mobile Bay on the 13th ult in
the steamship Fashion, landed at Punta Arenas,
In N'imtragna, on the 25th November, with three
hundred teen. Nut the slightest attempt was
made tee prevent the landing, and, to fact, the
purpose of the expedition appeared not to have
been guessed. The United States sloop•of•erar
Saratoga ores lying in the harbor, and the Fashion
passed under her stern at full speed, with only ten
man en deok. The whole Forty were landed en
Scott's wharf. On landing, Walker ordered the
lieutenant of the eloep-'uf•wer Saratoga. who was
ashore, to go on board his chip. The British and
American ships will bloskado San Juan. and eta.
Lion a force to prevent Walker frees pasito; up the
river.
Walker had, it seems, tent fifty men up the river
by other entrances, before malting his appearance
at Punta Arenas After landing the expedition,
the Fashion took her departure for Aspinwall.
whore, at the departure of the Star of the West,
she was taking Icoallon board. Commodore Paul
ding, of the United States frigate Wabash, attempt
ed tosolre her at Aspinwall, but, on examining her
papers, found them correct, and consequeutl;/ oculd
take no further stepe against her. The Erittsh and
American naval forces had sidled from Aspinwall
for San Juan, and would very probably take part
in the scenes in that vicinity, or at least prevent
the landing of any more filibusters. It was sup
posed that the difficulties beta eon Costa Rita end
Nicaragua, alluded to In previous Accounts, would
bo rattled without a resort to hostile Ineasuroa.
SUMMARY OF THE FQRTNIGIIT'S NEWS
(From the Alta California of the 20th all )
The ClTY.—Ex P eoronar J. Horace Kent was
tried on the 6th inst., before Judge Freelun, on
chargo of grand larceny, and acquitted.
The Board of Supervi , ers have parsed MI or
dinance for printing, 'teeming the game of rondo,
and fixing lieente at two hundred dollars a month,
fur each table,
The guard at the State Prison fired a cannon.
loaded irith grace and eannidter, at a boat-loud of
coorioo, who were engaged unloading a wood
scow at San Quentin, under the mistaken Idea that
the prisoners were attempting to escape. Three
wore instantly killed, and several wounded, tea of
whom have since died It wet a piece td' criminal
carelessue,s.
. _
Valentina Ritchie, convicted of the murder of
Michael Corbett, has been sentenced to fifteen
yeass imprisonment at San Quentin.
Win. B. Chapman, the favorite comedian, died in
this city on the 9th inst., after a short illness. De
ceased was a native of England, aged about seventy
years. His retueitte were interred in Lone Moun
tain Cemetery.
An old sailor named John Haley, who had served
several years at Fort Yuma, was found dead in a
saloon on the 9th instant. Cause—apoplexy.
On the 14th inst., the great trotting match be.
tweon "Sew York," "Rhode island,' end "(Hen
coo Chief," came off en the Pioneer course. The
race was mile hoots, best throe in five, to harness.
The first and second heats were won by "Rhode
Island ;"third by "Glencoe Chief," and the fourth,
after considerable consultation, was &aided in
favor of "New York." Darkness coming on, the
race was postponed until the 17th. Before leaving
the stand, the judges announced that all bets were
void. On Tuesday the outside race was resumed,
when "New York" non two straight heat!, the
race and purse.
REC %NV:11 , 1710N.
Eoft names e. g. Mod.. 1 3 3 3 3
J. Crook names g. g. Menem Chief.. 3 3 32 2 2
(I A Ecrolirm name, g. New York .2 2 1 1
Time-2 35 ; 237; 239; 241 ; 2.36, 2335
The body of a man named Thomas Johnson woo
found (Dawned in the bay, corner of Drum and S.s•
oratnento streets, Deceased was a cook on board
a vessel called the Mary Martin.
The weather for the Hoot fortnight, has boon
lovely.
Tue SrArn.—On tho day after the departure of
the etoamor of tho 511 loot., was published in this
journal much important news relative to the whal
ing fleet in the Ochotsle Sea, which will be read
with interest by our readers on the ether side of
the continent. The necessity of Sou Francisco be
coming ti whaling port was never made more
vividly apparent; but until greater inducements
are hold out to officers of vessels, this desirable re
sult will not be attained.
The banking house of Fiske, Sather, it Church,
Caeramento, have paid all demands against that
firm, and Mr. Fisko la about opening a bank on his
own account. Tho (Mira of the firm of Sather
Church, in this city, are not yet entirely settled.
Quartz mining throughout California is being
proaecuted with unwonted vigor, and much ma
chinery to daily chipped from this city and keen.
mento, to the various leads recently opened In No.
vada, Amador, and other counties.
River mining, oning to recent heavy rains
throughout the interior, has been cunningly
ended for the 80/1000.. Scarcely a vertigo of a
flume was left standing, and the waters rem with
such rapidity as to sweep off au immense amount
of other mining materials. The leas. to this class
of our population was incalculably great, ivad•
much ns they had no time to 81tVo a moiety oven
of their property, In oottacyteueo of the unpreoe
donted and unexpected rise of the streams.
The affairs of lambs Government are now being
administered economically. There Is upwards of
one hundred thousand &liars in the treasury, and
all demands nsairot the State are paid in cash.
The reports of the county treasurers halm been
made promptly, end. aro gOnerally full and antis.
factory. The indictments against Bates, alleged
defaulting Treasurer of ktato, are still indisposed
of, Negotiations have been for some time pending
In rotation to the recovery from sureties of the
moneys surreptitiously abstracted from her coffers.
but thus for without etlOCos3.
The ensuing Legislature assemblea in January.
but already considerable activity prevails at the
capital.
A horrible murder was committed near Jackson,
on the 7th. One Martin Griswold, a gobl•dust
buyer, and owner of a ditch property. was killed
bv a party of Chinamen ; one of whom, a cook of
the tle,teoood, is supposed to bo the principal. The
object of the fiends wee to get possession of the
money in the safe. amounting to upwards of three
thousand dollars.
rho report of the superintendent of the Sacra
mento Valley Railroad OM a very flattering ao
count of the affairs of that company.
Our dates from etalt Lake are to ktober 21 The
sainta are more violent than ever, and to judge by
their harrangues.in the pulpit, are determined to
show fight. It la considered exceedingly unsafe for
any person or companies, not Mormons, to travel
through Utah territory. The troops, under Gen.
Johnson, were shortly expected, and the Mormons
TWO CENTS.
bad their outposts guarded by faithful santinels
who would in.tsutly convey intelligence of the ap
pearance of the army, to head-quarters at dart
Lake.
There la no disturbance amongst the Indians in
Honey Lake Volley, or, In fact, in any part of West
ern tab Theist's diiisculties were greatly exagge
rated. The Indians exhibit their desire to foster
friendly Intercourse with the whites.
The mail steamship Uolden Age arrived on the
morning of the 17th, with li - isle:lota from New
York, October 22. Many of these left immediately
fur the up-country.
Four Indians were murdered by whit e y I n T a h am ,
county, on the 7th. There was little or no provo
cation for the deed, and no arrests.
A telegraph line has bean completed between
Benicia and Vallejo.
CARSON VALLEY.—A whirlwind bete swept around
the valley, uprooting trees, tearing down fencee,
and committing end havoc. No liven loaf. Laden
teatne arriving drilyfrom this elide of the menu
table. No news facetted of the ,Iformea train
bound to Salt Lake Valley.
OREGON.
Our date/ are to the 12th instant. The election
held on the oth, resulted in the succc,,s of the Con
stitution, the rejection of slavery and the min
sion of free nogroe3. W. Ladd lam been elected
Mayor of Portland The last Territorial Legicla•
tote sill a i beemble the first Monday in December.
Thera aro a number of Californians on the
Amour river, and too steamers plying on that
strentn. Some four or five thousand flu:lane
are living oithiu two hundred miles of the month
of the river
From Lower California we learn of the arrival
at Lol Angeles, on the 9th last , of Lieut
with his camel train, from Sart Antonio, Texas
The animala tiro in good condition,
Tho overland mail reached San Diego on the sth
November.
Affairs in the Gadsden Purchase are unusually
prosperous, and the country is settling up rapidly
Isla' a permanent population.
The Apaches ara troublesome, and have 2rl ran
off considerable stock from the neighborhood of
Fort Buchanan.
SAN FRANCIBCO 31ARRETS
(From the Commersial Bulletin of the'2othl
Our remarks relatire to the course of trade dar
ing the fortnight ending on the 3d instant might
be repeated ad resmrds the business done during
the two weeks ending to-day. The country has
bought very sparingly of goods, and the jobbers
has e taken nothing tram first hands that tbeyeoutd
get along without. The market for breadstuffs has
steadily tended upward since our last summer"
was written, and our quotations of values for this
it will be seen, show that a material advance
boo been established.
Adamantine Candles have, during the fortnight
clueing, reached a lower point of depression than
previously touched thisyear. The prices paid bare
been the absolute quotations at Now York advised
by the mail just at hand.
Scone descriptions of provisions continue to rea
lize moderately remunerative prices, owing to the
fact that the unithet is bare of stocks, and is de
pendant for supplies upon the current importations
coining to hand. Very few kinds ofgloomies t how
ever, urn covering, aol only in those instances
where stocks are light. and consignees manliest ex
treme caution that their offerings du not exceed the
actual requirements of the trade.
All elmses of Itaw ,Spirits are exceedingly de
pressed, and the ruling rates leave a very heavy
ass upon importation. The quotations for Ameri
can Liquors, tis we write, range from 30 to 40 per
cent. lower than the figures paid three months
Once It is estimated that 50.000 gallons Brandy,
and 500 000 gallons Wine will he wade from our
grape crop of this season, and the principal dis
tillery hero has been In active operation since har
vest, turning out from 15,000 to 20,000 gallnsPure
Spirits per month, which goes into consumption as
coon as manufactured. The primary caws of the
present low values of Raw Spirits is to be found in
the accumulation of excessive stooks, and the only
remedy which will bring about an improvement se
dirohnolied shipments for a prolonged Ferhcl.
The importations since our last summary was
made up have been heavy, comprising the Old
Colony, Aurora, Empress of the Sea, }Jerald of
I the Morning, and Sancho-Pants, from New York;
the Sierra Nevada and Goddess, from Boston, and
the Elisabeth, from Bordeaux. with assorted car
goes ; the Early Bird . , from Ifong-Bong. and the
Spray, from Shanghai, with China products; the
Aar from Calcutta, with rice, gunny bogs and
hemp ; the Lucas, from Sydney, and the Atlantic,
from Cardiff, with coal ; the Island Queou, from
Vancouver Island, with salmon; the Leverett,
(whaler of this port) from the Ochotsk, with oil ;
the Conrad SekTia, from Amcor River (Russia in
Asia) with a miscellaneous cargo; the Acadia
from Guaymas, with bides and epochs; and the
Gen. Morgan, frorn Elide Island tcoa.st of MerizeA
with guano. Of the consigned goods reaching us
by this numerous fleet, nutreely a tithe has pa,ed
into second hands. Of butter, the receipts from
New York end Boston were rising, of 7 000 firkins,
being, about cue-half of the Indira quantity which
Was previously manifested as being on the way;
and although the market was ohnuet bare when
new legion to arrive, yet the magnitude of the
Imports caused the jobbers to concede with re
luctance the figures pretty uniformly demanded
by consignees, cud the sale have thus tar 4seu
inconsiderable, although nt fair prices.
The country has bought eo sparingly of goods
for the past three mouths that it would seem
most certainly have a more schlep trade during
the coming fortnight, but to combat such expects
tiCes are the roots tea: weary Is .0.
country dealers, and that the continued fine
weather port/tits uninterrupted communication
with every port of the State, thus enabling the
traders to got elcng trite very light purchase,/
The sudden setting in of the rainy season would
doubtless eurk much Inconvenience and poadble
sulfuring in remote parts of the State; wherehard
ly a fortnight's supply of goods is held at present.
La lo,altties thus eircumstaiseed the parties en
gaged in trade fully approlate the position of
affairs, and would lay in larger stocks, but they
have not the ready moons. and, wills rare excep
tions, cannot buy goods in the city on longer than
thirty days' time.
Litter News irOtt Utah and the Plains.
Front the Western (3t) ) D.spstrle, estra, Dec. 2.]
In conLectuence of the groat interest which 14
felt in relation to affairs in Utah, and urn the
plaint, we hat.teu to 13y the following before our
yea dora
By the arrival cf an expreas from ham's Fork,
sent in by Waddell, Russell, & Co., and also bear
ing Governmeut despatches, we have much later
news from the plains than that whloh hiss been
published. The expressman, Mr Staphon T. Ran.
nabarger. who was wagon-master of the train of
Messrs. Wad lell. Russell. A Co., which was de
stroyed by the Mormons, left Ham's fork about I
o'clock on the morning of November lot, and or.
rived In this city this evening
Mr Rannaberger bad charge of the cattle of the
destroyed train of Waddell, Russell, A Co , but
having only nine men they were attacked by abut
501 c-ray-live Mormons within two miles of Colonel
Alexander's commend, and the cattle taken from
hint. Ile informs us that the Mormons had burnt
tho grass in every direction, and that the Ouvern•
meat stock was starving and freering to death at
tho rate of fifteen er twenty per day. This is the
more seriously felt as the horses attached to the
battery are, from this cause, already inadequate to
the service required of them.
The news tress Salt Lake, received up to the
time of the departure of the express, fully CO/AMA
the news already received of tho determined resist
anise of the .Mormons. All of the mountain passes
are strongly fortified, at each of which is etationed
forty or fifty men, who in their position are well
able to stop
. the further approach of our troops
during the winter.
Col. Alexander had taken three Mormon prison
ers ; among them, a brother of the notorious mur
derer, W. If. Rickman. It was the 'custom of the
Mormons to keep a party of camp followers con
stantly in the rear of the troops, for the purpose
of getting all the atook left behind as strays. Am
A. file of soldiers were concealed in a ravine to cap
ture ono of these parties. and a single man sent out
as a decoy. The Mormons readily took the bait
and were led in pursiiitof the stogie soldier to the
ambush, when the soldiers tired, killing one and
taking the three prisoners before mentioned.
Colonel Johnson was mot on the Big Slimly.
sercnty miles from Ilans's fork, having under his
charge and escert all of the Government provision
trains, and also the trains of the different traders,
and was averaging about ton miles per day, and
expressed a determination to go Into Salt Lake
city this winter.
Met Colonel Cook with- his regiment of cavalry
at Greece Wood creek, twelve miles this side of In
dependence, to.7k—was destitute of corn for his
horses; would reach the comp of Col. Alexander
in ten or twelve dap.
Forty of Magraw's men, belongiws b to the wagon
j road nape titian, had been mustered into seri ice.
Bonte of these complain loudly of Magraw's in
humanity toward them, alleging that they had
been abandoned on the plains seventy-eight or
eighty miles from assistance, without pioVizitTA
It was thought that alt tho tcantsters en the
road would be mustered Into tore
• .
JOB9O Jones was a prisoner in S tit Lake cdtr, en.
joying tho freedom of tho place, but restrietetlfroin
going beyond its
The Mormons any that they will tight to the
death in defence of their city, if the troops attempt
ate entrance this winter, and that in the spring
they will burn the city and go to the mountains,
where they hire provisions to last them for four or
fine years.
Mr. Rannabarger came through alone a distance
o f 12M wiles; passed through about ono hundred
lodges of Indians, but was not molested; encoun
tered witch rain, sleet, and now on the other end
of the roads; was lost two days in a en air storm et
South pass, and laid by at Laramie time days,
from there encountered much snow before ho
reached Patterson ranch.
Met two outgoing wail— , ne at Independence
twk, and the other at O'Fallou'a bluff. on the
South Platte. Mr. It will return with doratches,
leaving Fort T.
—earonworth un Saturday neat.
The Meadville (Pa.) Journal learne of an
attempted murder and 'suicide, the patties being
former Pennsylvanians, remlents of Crawford
comity, Michigan. The Journ,il nave: "Chutes
Southwick, formerly employed an a carriage trim
mar here, eonecived an attachment for a Miss
Laura Evans, also a recent resident in this place.
The lady did tot reciprocate the feeling, Ind re
meted not long since with her father to Michigan.
Thither, It would seem, Southwick followed her
with some bad intent. le there renewed to her
his tolicitations, and was refoe.tol. Br owe meant
ho gained access to her bed-room at night, and
with a razor cut her throat She ucaped trim the
room to that of her father, gave the alarm, and on
search being made Southwick was found lying in
her room. having attempted to c-itotuit suicide by
cutting his own throat At the latest accents
both wore alive, hut lying iu a very critical urina
tion."
At Catskill, N. Y., ott Monday last, Mary
Lynes, n young Indy residing in that village, was
taken suddenly sick while et wheel, in the after.
noon, and died at nine o'clock in the evenin4..
She had all the symptoms of poison, and It is
supposed that she waa poisoned by eating colored
candies.
N o r ick ro conazsrompluirs.
OarrliDowleatt for '. Tin Pans" Intl gleam Deis In
wind tie halloirts% rale':
Ivory eozezriedeatioa mast be heeerapaalot
name of the Triter. la order to taw* cometeese of
the typogrepky, tat one tide of a duet ahead be
weittea apes.
We shall be greatly obliged to teatimes to Peastrit
taws owl other Stites tie eautrtbetiolut glide( the eer.
tint RSV) of the di" in their peettenhe Walla, the
rteattees of the earroctoillas country, the Lermiewe
popolaUoo, oatand Infotztatiori tkat edit be Latersettng
to the veers.' reader
GENERAL NEWS.
The Wheeling (Va.) Times, of Saturday,
gives en eceount of the burning of Bethany Col
lege, in Brooke county, Vs. The ere ocearried at
one o'clock on Friday morning. dmorling to the
Tuned, the ere is supposed to hare been the work
of an incendiary. and there are palofal and con
flicting remote afloat as to the perpetrators of the
deed. One report is, that three young men were
dismissed from the College on Tueeday, for sans
breach of discipline, end that others similarly im
plicated expected to receive similar treatment, and
from the tenor of a tote told to hive been tonna,
it was supposed that the fire wee attributable to
these parties. Another report, and one which
seems more probable, is to the erect that threats
had been mode by certain Iriehmen, at whoee bower
a =Leader recently occurred, and who were offend
ed hectare the bishop had beatified that he did act
think them worthy of belief oa oath. We give
the rumors for what they are worth. Wheeree
was the incendiary, the ere was eery destructive,
and is to be regretted. The ton, Including the
college buildings. libraries, apparetne, ke ,is es
timated at from $123,090 to el Sri (e).3. Waleard.
there wet an insurance on the property of /50,004.
A family residing in Cincinnati, Tamed
Foecke, seems to bare been marked by fats to Lef
ler calamity upon calamity holing Wentz them.
The mother, before her marriage, met with a &it
:lone accident, which rendered it necessary to am
putate one of her limbs. Some years after, the
house in which the and her husband Bred e: ht
fire, and their only c4ild, at thst time, perished in
the flumes. Subreqaehtly, the htubani waathmrs
from a horse, and received a wooed on his hoed, cf
which he afterwards died. Oa the night of Wed
nesiee last, a child. about three years old, ere:-
turned upon its heed a Said lamp. with w h ic h it
was playing, daring the absence of iM parents from
the room, causing such severe bores that ft espirtei
the following day.
The Fayetteville Sofa; Cardirdas, of the
lith, announces the sudden death of Mr. Witt- F;
Wightman. the ealitos of that paper. The Daily
Jultrizat, of Wilmington. (S. C.,) of the 12th,
states that " a letter received here from Fayette
ville, states that Mr. Wightman and a pang man
named Elliott were found dead in one bed to the
Shemwell "lowa. having left Lucite listing that
they had taken nitrio aetd for the purpose of oem
mining imielde. With the motives that urged
them to this terrible ant, we are wholly =an'
quainter". We can only fulfill the divine precept,
which commands us to judge not, that we be nut
judged."
The Pairit atates that the American engi.
neers who undertook, by means of a special appa
ratus, to raise the Ittutslan ships-of-war sank in
the harbor of Sebastopol, hare given it up and re
turned to Constantinople, declaring that their eon
tract cannot be performed, except at an enortrose
ly disproportionate sod It sprats that the river
Tchernays has brought down untnerae qnantitite
of gilt tad gravel, which being accumulated in
the harbor, the ship are now embedded in this
depoait, and cannot, without much labor, be ex
tricated.
The Madrid Ga:ette contains a royal decree,
by which the Queen authorizes " her belayed and
august husband the King" to confer eso the end
to whom her Majeste is about to glee birth " the
insignia of the Golden Fleece, and of the Grand
Oro-tees of the Orders of Charles LIZ., Isabella the
Catholic. and Sul Juan of Jerusalem, if a priter ;
and those of the Order of Noble Ladies of Maria
Louisa, if a princesi"
We tearn front the Tema (Fla.) PeeiPuslas
" that the tick Indian • Tommy,' recently rapt - and
by Captain Stickler and hie gallant eommaad.
died on the sth irritant at Egmont key. This, to
gether with the oue killed, and the eaa they are
now after, when kilted, will make three of the sad
:tint that hare been (Reposed of since the ecm•
metreereent of the war. At thit rate we may took
for the Close of the wet erect the 'crack of dam:
be it sous or late."
Mr. Robert B. Welsh, of Clearfield, Pa.,
the ether evening, immediately after dark, is mat.
cake, drank a quantity of Cyanide of Potassium,
from the t.ffeets of whieh he died in awry few
mi nut , . 3. ilO was a eilrercmith by trade, and dna
the artitile in kill businerr. Inndrertentty he lets
a mall quantity of the aeid in a rambler. re the
evening he went into the :hop to get a think, and
happening tr p(ur the water into this tumbler, h•
drank the fatal 6Cid before he - rite aware of it.
Mr. Rota. Martin, of Columbus, Ky., ITIA
fund Lack of Point Pleazant, agarladprj
ricer, on Wolnelley week, frozen to death. Be
het attempted, rith two t*ther men, on moo the
bettern, Iv!: the way, vt. into the water and maul
and became se r.mabti that be hal ceased all Ll
ertions sad froze to death. Mt baroly
ea:sped with their Lees
Tho Clarion (Pa.) Denocre gates that one
day laze week Mr. IT deco, cf ShipiinetilleFarnaoe,
killed face deer in fire =rates, or In the time re
qnlied to load and Ere I,la times. He stto killed
e other ens, enay.ed three ce at the sixth, azi
wonmicl the secentb, on the mine day, ate. rs
tamed h...,tne at one o'clock, P. 31.
Captain Windsor, of the British brig Marge•
vet, arrived et New York from Grata Cey, Turks
Island, reports a great wireity of pivritiara at
that Vac*, and that a number of the fahabitaes
ware to a state of narration.
The grand total of Baptists in the Sonatsen
States is ; in the Nor:herr., 32.3.1 . 4. 71- , a
xetnontst can= T...7.1= nu a znaa9tdlSZirp CC
55D S 9 In 151 last tEn yOllll, the Baptists ha's,
increAzel about .209.,C09 in the Sautheru B:ates.
The wires e i the line of the Magnetic Tele.
graph between lleadiug and Harrisburg lore
been put up as far as LebAnon, and will be ex
tended through to Harrisburg pith all possible
deiretcb. •
We learn that on the night of the 9th inst.,
the store of Mr. W. Handy, in dinnsmessix Neck,
Somerset minty, Md., was entered and robbed cf
$i 00 in ensh. Mr. H- was asleep in the me=
tram which the money was atolen.
Charles E. Brown, espress messenger of
Adams t Co , was 1111e1 ea the CanL—..l Ohio Itsil•
rota a few days sin:e He was about trea ty -sre
years of age, and lea: es a ylx.l wife at Wheel
ing, Va
Tho boot and aloe rearafveturers is Iflssa
chnsetta consider their hnsiness prospelta at hrinht
ening. Their orders are •ery few, bat those fey
are enuottraling, and, berilea, it i 3 easier to obwin
money en good Mt?s titan for many m.anths pan.
The Roman Catholics of Syria and of Jera
sslom were about to sand a deputation to Paris, to
thank the Emperor or the Fre.nab f , r the interest
which ha has manifested towards them, and to
claim his farter protection.
The Gloucester (Mass.) Telegrapk sacs:
From a eouteahat careful estimate, we iadzo
th-ro is maw lyirsi; up....n oar wh - arces
$22.,00.0 earth of mackerel and c0i5.5h."
Tho official canvass of the votes cast for
mayor in NOT York. .1%9W3 ti--t Ttemann rat:aired
43 19j, std IV - cod 40.903—Tientann's majority
The Turkish Customs have signified an in
tention 41f augmenting by ten I'2: cent. the Lnip)rt
duties on merchandise. Tta conies prOzit
against such a step.
Of the 2151 ships-of-war in commission on
the let of November. no le -, s than seventy-three
were in China or in the East Indio.
LETTER FROM POTTSTOWN
fez,rre.pon:lnce of The Preen. j
POTTSTOWS, Dec. 9, 1857
Mn. EDITOR : THE PRES 9 i 9 popular here
with all its readers, and is acknowledged by
those who have always been on the "other
aide" in politics, to be tl best paper pab
lished in Philadelphia. This reputation has
been attained from the dignified editorial con
trol, as well as from its able correspondence
and attention to the business departments.
Your defence of the principle of self-govern
ment meets with a hearty response in the bo
som of every Democrat in these parts. Many
have watched the struggle in Kansas from the
beginning with intense interest, and looked for
ward to the time when its fundamental law
bhonld be framed as a period when the prin
ciple should be put to a lair test—acknow
ledging that if a majority of its inhabitants
should then will that slavery should exist
they would acquiesce. But in thus yielding
their assent to the progress of an Institution
of which they disapprove, under the operation
of a great and all-important principle, they
had no Idea of being chested out of their
rights by a reckless and daring minority, In
defiance of the popular still.
The moral courage and manliness with
which you havo come into the defence of self.
government, and of the right of the people to
pass judgment ou a Constitution which is to
govern them, is worthy of all praise, and will,
I trust, eventuate In thevernleation of the sen
timent ‘• That trnth is mighty and wtii pre
vail." The outspoken and candid defence of
a principle which lies at the very foundation
of freedom and free institutions, is decidedly
refreshing alongside of that trimming, catch.
penny spirit which can influence a P51Z.57171.
nia press to desert the principle and platform
under which the late glorious political victory
was !COD.
I have nothing of local importance to In
dite. The feeling seems to be general that
the "hard times" hilt speedily depart with
the opening of spring trade. There is a con
siderable holding back of agricultural produce
by the farming community, in hope that prices
will 80011 iniprot e. The prorino crops of last
season, throughout the whole country, in con
nection with the decreased consumption from
the inability of those out of employment to
purchase I,berally, renders a realization cf ex
pectation rather doubtful.
The "Pottstown Bank," chartered by the
last session of the Legislature, has been ac
commodating this community, to a great ex
tent, rt Mr capital, but has not the ability to
dtscount all the first-class paper offered. It is
doing a 'very careful business. Owing to the
oversight in ,_the Legislature, in7not enabling
specie-paying banks to pay out 'the currency
of other banks, it has accepted the Relief Law,
in order to be able to receive and pay out the
notes of suspended bsnks. These notes com
posing nineteen-twentieths of the funds in
hands of business men, no bank would be able
to do business uithout receiving snub money
in payment of liabilities—and could not re
ceive it without the privilege of paying it out
again which is forbidden under the General
Banking Law of 1630.
Yours truly,
S. D. Q.