- "-- _ _ . -Tag 13-ILESS-• itaminPD4pYi mnon,kixs..4!Ecommin.) OinaMlas.AlT, oigicklvf 111 MIT, t -:;191(4,1 4 :1( , :,199,X 9 i • Twain Cifin .49ilifilltsktosial 10-32141 etralk 91094411410,14490401.41Akithe11itt0_it Stx,Dcustans gult AVM p 5555555550515,0511505115 t Taxis 00 4-409 Vet 114)4* taxst!abitYl W ale* tOZ the ' • o:••• ,- ••• ' ZirlieV."TrAvaler . moos ueft ursura 001 of the Olt"; 04 Tian 110 k. ,99,4101 11 iti 1 4. 1 uhlikoc :01919 , 1t11.14 itrit - ini.loaff irUl lia t• s . ! tbseribaii ; 117 loggigersza l ln - gAreptej) VA CO Three;,' •' • -• " " 5 osl itre •Ig • ,•••• - • • gge Tose**, - 4 ‘ ' •• .• ••• . 12 00 IlrOnty.9oo9lo, 000 . al 00 Virouty sitiirefy " ( 04ress ofzeiti4t • .inttolowy„.64 - - so lot IV Mgr Or Twenty-one'or over, We vritt ;egg SO eatseopy 10 th e it_tteiotrot the Club. for Tate ate requested to Oat 51 94 05 ta Tga,WiggsV Vetigg. - • THE, - WEERLY PRESS. THE CHEAPEST AND BEST VERILY NEWSPAPER ti True; COUNTRY. G1330/IN-trOMti3I , iTBTO. 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' - - - • • , - , .'"20'00'• "' •-• ' Twenty Copies, or offer, ,addve,ei, , . s ot attbsoribit, *AO; „ . tt pox , o," otfroastAns -or *Mr, we wilt setud an sxtra way to the iettar!asof the Club. A ,-, ' r " 4 IVIATare'VPS2O, - :: A . ,tl4-T.:•;:o ..X , l le ltii"*.tki k tri li pr e ei l 4 4,l k*". *Air tulak. 1 ‘Allt i r e iTA iretatar stop:poi will: tju•taaeltasliit Wt HILLY PR VI a tarp etrealsitott .141 , k!eltMpitlotiv• - 310161?0ThOSIdS, "": 1611/t /7 ieirlatir• Yaks - Hail titilae 4 TEN WAIIIt.TA-P.O lO . 411' Ohbi ittlitreet;Phitidelphta.„, .„ TiATARBURTON , S 11 , 1111ITAUL Iry corsitOnah yo TiltnEAD; = . , !tames all the polateneeeslasi to • , ZENTEND ESPDOT,' ' • led the define and-efeer seleganetee which ithost LPIN131:1, COMFORT. AND DDRADELITT, • , Gentlemen are Invited_ V) ;self and °Luau*. oetafklel 430 . OKEST2II37T Books. WE PUBLISH TODAY PARTON'S MY ! OY AARONBURLTODAY AND.TIMF.B OP SAIION BURR. , By J. PAIL. Tchinte; -TOO pops. rolril octirco,', Illustra. ted by engoteittgeon ateolarid mood: , _PRIOR, $1.76., Parton's, :LW Of Burr hi in Avery rasped an original and peculiar : wort!, of absorbing Interest. and pommeling peachier dahlia to the attention or Americans. • The author .clalors, thetip this tolunie the story of Aaron Bares ~Streage:eventfal life is told for the first time, and is derived In great - put from lice personal reminiscences of Icis surviving friends, connexions, and The tpecilitir, rornintle, and etentful_ life' of Aaron, Burr has afforded material for one of the most Interest, trig and famluatin7 blogrephlei ever emitted. ' WhilO incidental to the ',abject, the Asa and p.ogreee of the great Democratic party of the, United Plates la folly The TOBImO liprinted on superfine paper and Mast Dated with Wel Portraits of Sam knd h is Daughter Theodoola, and several wood engravings. .• DEADY TO , DAI • COIOBIN WILLIAM. By Theodore - Hook - r - 011tVAIDESICINNER. 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LIBE AR Ir" B KS .— Jindassum sr - 4..5, ItEDPIELD," - • BEBRIAM HEBERT,. NEW TORR. .$04.1) -14 4. e4LL '4; 0 t• 1.1,4 s,. micknattANVOlitteg: BAR. Bi the RighpAnt.' ~ ,,k frielvera.4l444l4&l::RditedLwithlaldeserdrawi ; , : , :aretes;legß.:lsheitof C. L. In Mdt. - ' wl4..Porisalt and hosimile letter. In 2 rob TER It TES AMBROSIANE. By Prof.:gator Witten, J. O. Lockhart, JernesHogg, and Dr. Maginn. Edited, With Memoirs'and Noted, by Dr. It. Shelton Mackenzie. Third Idition, Is 6 iolumee, with portraltesul fro. Pride $5. IMACENWEI IdISOILLANIEB. The klecellanaons Writ fogs of the late Dr. 14414. Edited, with a Memoir • Notes, by Dr. B. Shelton Usokaule. -Complete In 5 volumee, withPortralt. Price, per rol., cloth, $l. LIVE OP TER BT, 808. JOREPHIROT CURRAN. By his Son, Wm. Henry Curran; with Notes and Ad &liana, by Dr. R. Shelton Mackenzie, ands Portrait on Steel and fassimile., Third Edition: 12m0., cloth. Price 111 26. TER O'BRIEN!! 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Huntington, author of a•Lsdy "Alice," " he. 1 vol., 12mo. Setond Edi Lida. Price $1 25 ALDO' ,• or, The History of a Young Pints°. By J. V. HuntingtOn. ' 2 r01e.,12ra0., cloth. Price U. tqatet)es, Jcluelro, tOc. BAILEY &' CO., CiIESTNIIT STREET, Manufacturers of BBlTlfill STERLING ELVES trattar Moir tatiyootps, on . the ..premises ticicalrely Mono and fltracriora ere WOW to Irian our menu factory. WATOHEEf. Oonstantly on hand a ardandld kook of Super WatAm, of 011 the celebrated makers - DIAMONDS. Ifeekteoee, Bracelets, Itrcettiteei, &ar•Einge, ringer ; Bloga r aed all other ertioles is the Dimond Mae. Drawings . of NEW D. 18160 :will be made fro* of oharg► tot those wishing wottcmade to order'. . RICH GOLD JEWELRY.. " • toisniti* adoortmoikt of all, the new styled of lino terwalryi said' fe tionado,,dltona and Shell Oanno, Paul, Ootal . ,•Caabanalo i Marqnlaitoc • Lark &r 0.,&•. OUPILISLD,OI4BTOBB, BASSZTa r - WAITIMS, &e. Also, •ionso and idarblo Cg.. 0086, of newest, styled, 144 Otani,. aria goality, - aul•dtwewly- "&-A..PEQUIGNOT,. • VANIIPAOTOILEBS OP WATOOL OABIO • AND rIrrORTRRO or WAITRON, 121 801JTH. THIRD STREET, BELOW OHEETHIST, PHILADELPHIA.', OmtriVe ES4s7lso2. Aroavare Paaolowoe. tAaf.4B E. CALDWELL & C0.,- 452,CIESSTarTvIIELOW BIRTH ETRIETi Importers of Natoliee mid , Plzhe Jewelry, Idatufaottl. MI of Sterllog ak4 illtsadard Raver Tea Idete,Porke and Spoons, pole: agentsfor the Bale of Oharlarlfrodrbata , e Ow cranes ;Gold 'Medal London Timekeepers.—all the liftmen bond, prices Igo, $271,11:141 $9OO. Pupil& and awn/Watcher at the lowest prim. Bich fashionable Jewelry. Mbettleld and Americaz Plated Warm. ,' -S. JABDE & BRO. Eaßovaortiosaa AND IMPOIIIIII Or SILVER-PLATED WAIN, $O4, .Chestnut Street, above Third, top Maim Philadelphia, • Clootantly on hand owl for sale to the Trade TEA SOTO, OOMMUNIOI , I SERVICE SETS, DENO PITOGERS GOBLETS, OOPS, WAITERS, .BAS ENTEiIiSTORS, KNIVES, RPOONO, /OBES, • • LADLES, &0., /co. - eaptog and platingt on all Muds of metal • le2:ly WILLIAAI WILSON & INIED Min SILVER WARE, (ESTABL s. w. commit rums AIM CIIERRY 0111CILTII. A large assortment of SILVER WARD, of every de. wription, constantly on hind, or mode to order to motel any pattern desired. Importers, of flefdeld snd Birmingham :imported ware. , - • „ seBo-Ikerly Voliticat. --- FOR REGISTER OF WILLS— UC 81N0001(13, • TWSLIMI Wenn,' ' , dlaintr - I/object to Democratic Rolm iB, SH RIFF.— dA.LEB 8. Witiatg, FIFTH WARD Selalect to Democratic rules FOR SHERIFF AIDEPAUN GEORGE NOOllll, ' smart WARD. • subject toDdiaocretto Hulce. VOA SHERIFF GIBBON, - poilttr-stootto taint. itnbject to DOmooratio llnlea.. . F 0 SHERIFF, - - - ii lip I ip T WARD ' wisaolDZOLtiza S. eab2mo ,101301 i aBb Olc(fet. IIIESIRABLE OPPIOES at. 020 WALNUT 16t, bppieite the State" tonne; one of the - bolt !MAWS*. tbeatlows matodelptita, with heat, light, sit sit taateiti ootrrsidetobs:- A.pplroa the Forams, .Boom No. 11, to ff. it J. SIIW, Agent. 0920' VOL: P414.' 113, t4t 3ress. FRIDAY,- DECEMBER 11, 1867. Ermas OF 'THE CREDIT SYSTEM. As' a Straw upon the stream indicates how the current ttows, told a feather in the air how the wind blows, so do. mere trifles sometimes give "us 'The key to important events. !The New:, York ,Express of Wednesday, in its Itloneillarket article, affords such an indica tion., • statos-that, on last Tuesday, there had been by auction, at the Merchants' Ex mharige; by order of the assignee, the so-called 4 c assets " of .the late firm of PENDLETON, 8EE01424, & Co. Who these people may be, or may'have been, we know not, and merely men- Jima the name. of the, house to show that we allu . ,to a real and not an imaginary treatise lion. Their book accounts, says the Express, :gold for $lO. z Not much of a sum, in truth, for Miong them .was 'a debt duo by a Oincin.. nati- firm for $9,661.02. Anothef lot of hook accounts, amontiting to $1,749, Sold for $l9, and among these were two' Judgments against a Nei; Orleans house for $684. Among the •_ -if wspier were a sheafpof overdue notes from Aireim4 patties, due* 1863 and 1864, snaking Istigg6gate of $8,013Q - .: li s fiiivamonnt,Pn paper; Which inalizedthe magnificent sum of $lB. • More is a pretty specimen of a rather loose WaY.of doing husines.iia: The one Cincinnati debt of $9,651.02 was only port of-a batch, which went for $lO, but the KO total gives over $20,000 of book debts an% bills sold, by auction, for $47. A deplorable depreciation, it Must be confessed'. 'Novi, what 'extraordinary wild credit must 'the ~Now York house have given, when its debts realize, on public competition, less than one four-hundredth part 'of the amount they represent. Th 6 transactions were pretty widely spread; From Binghamton, in New York State, down to San Francisco, In Cali fornia,- Irma Nee . Orleans right away into Cincinnati. •,With New York as - the business -centre, the transactions range from North to South, frotit'East to West. 'Here is a curious lo4inestfin credit, which, whatever point of the co - waif:it touch, invariably has led to the, one,. undeviating result of—nothing to pay. , Alf things considered, including the changes, and chances of solvency, just now, ividarfs Say that, after all, the people whose coMbliedbidsralsed $47 to purchase $20,000 worth of debts,"haVe made rather a risky bar gain.- If thelebta were at all collectable, we suppose that PENDLETON, BROWN, & Co. would have got them in. Allowing - such debts to be incurred. Is a trade mistake, and is but, aianiple of the man ner in whlebbusiness is done and credits given. in N'ew York. That city, undoubtedly the commercial capital of the New World, his suf fered severely froia excess of energy. In great metropolis,' the spirit of speculation is much more rife than in a smaller city. It some times builds up colossal fortunes, and some times—it does not. It engenders a desirito be come rick not by, steady anh legitimate means, but by what_ may be called a hop-skip-and jutip. ' It Is compelled, in the attempt to ac complish this, to dingle the system of ficti tious Capital and unlimited credit. What It gets it is compelled to give. Every body else is led into the same system, and, in the competi tion for business, credits are rashly and largely , „They may be safe, for a time, but, sooner or later, this falls to the ground, and then "we have $20,000 worth of book-debts and bills auctioned Of for $47, and no, bargain at that. 1%. ' ,f , The syStetnittionecitlyt.ttlottrished b e yond alt pre l ocihinteinliew , torli,l4 id' limited to that vast and busy .Placo of- trade. We, have had something of ' it here' 'in "Philadelphia, though We'are rather a manufacturing' than a merely commercial community, but it has gone ahead, pretty largely,' in other great cities. No tonder. The ball once set roll. lug, it increases as It goes, like the augmenta tion of a snowball, and, Booth to +say, has a t !miler aptitude for being finally resolved back into its original unsubstantial elements. We cannot, 'say of it, st Vires acquiret eundo," for it is not strength but mischief that It Ac quires as it goes along. At last the end comes, And $20,000 of liabilities realize $47 at public auction. ' It Is the fashion in England to attribute the financial difficulties of Europe to " American over-trading and extravagance." They have assisted, no doubt; but not these alone have done the mischief. In America, and also in England, excess of prosperity (paradoxical as it ratty seem) has been the main cause •of the present monetary troubles. Trade went on very prosperously in this country until, on 'a sudden, It was discovered that California was, in very truth, morn auriferous than even the fabled El Dorado. Gold poured in upon us in millions, until It seemed as if we had become possessed of the exhaustless purse of Fortunatue. No wonder, amid this plethora of treasure, if enterprise, taking a lofty flight, soared into tho dangerous regions of Speculation. No wonder If, when gold became as plenty as silver previously had been, the public disdained small profits, and dashingly went in to become millionaires, without the slow process of steady trade, small profits, and calm accumulation and investment. Prettymuch the same thing occurred in England, when Australia was found to be as rich in golden treasure as our own California. The increase of gold, to lavishly obtained, at little more than the cost of labor, wrought as vast changes in England as it had wrought in California. Sobriety and discretion of trade hecime almost despised, and the main object was to ado a large business." This was the case for a time. At last America gave in, and then English creditors, who had trusted, "not wisely, but too well," were themselves at their wits' end for means to pay their own debts. They should have exercised more discretion in giving and taking credit. The operation of Californian and "trailer' golkylielded in such vast quantities, has led not only to great speculative trading, but to "Increased habits of expense. Who that looks back and remembers this country even twenty years ago, but Must be struck with the con trast between • then and now. In those-days, comparative plainness of costume and orna ment was the rule, and extravagance in either was the exception. Few, save the "potent, grave, and reverend" heads of families, in dulged in the luxury of gold watches. Fewer still wore such gay ornaments as diamond brooches and diamond rings. How is it now? Every man sports his gold watch and chain, and, as for diamonds, it would seem as if Golconda had poured forth all her carbo naceous brilliancies to adorn our men and wo men. It Is the same in dress, in food, in fur niture, in dwellings, in equipages, We have gone on, very fast indeed, in all these points, and, across the water, much the same process has taken place. We owe our Want to our Wealth. After the mines of Mexico and Peru came into the possession of Spain, the civilized world envied and wondered at her great good fortune. What use did Spain make of her treasure? Luxury sprung up to enervate body and mind. What is Spain now 7 The poorest country in Europe. Let England and the United States profit by the example. We have lived like an eager heir, who anticipates his wealth, and Whose imagination fancies it even greater than it is. We shall got out of our difficulties, for the vital principle of energy is strong within us, and our coun try is large enough_ and productive enough to yield every thing whlch'we need for home consumption, irrespective of imports from Europe,. We have a steady supply of gold from California, which (though there is a threat that it may not be quite so much as it has been) will enable us to drive a great trade wherever it may please our white-winged com merce to make a venture. We shall pay our debts, in due course, and nothing can prevent our flourishing orteediugly after this preseut nol7•im4 , , , s \ i 1 : , • . ~ „ , . • ,_ - ...... ~ . . . , ~, \o\i .. i //,' ,-, • .. .. .. , V Pe, i5,.., k , , , . ... . '*, ••••\• *s %‘i P, 1 : I A . . . .. .. •.-. . . . .. __.- . . , "... * (-‘ -17,‘ W. • -P.,.. * ,ii •„_. --...!._.c ;: ,11, 1 ,,/,"_, r*, i ,:. ~ • . ~ . j _ l t t t_ c: .. .. ~.... • , -• ( , , , • :!...:. - ' A if '.-. • ....•,n l 7l.- ,7.,,.... - :; , :r . • e.- 1 ,.. r- - ,..• „ ', '...... , .. i 7: 4 * . . - - iiiiilllllms. -I , I s / ---"Ao .. k. . , • , • ~,;,,,,,..„.,-• •., • ;4.. p.... a ...j ... , 17 .;, • ~...•...,-,s . .. ~.., ;.. . ...,. _or, .... ... - . •- 1111 }11 , " - '''. r ---- - 0 - - :•;" i ..--; ••••- . . , - -,J 2 1- 7- -"4"4-:.: . . • • 4 4•: . .....: - . ; : . -.'`i:1:: : . '•.'•• . • • - . -i-,,r• ‘,1••• " •-. •; pis . ..•:' -•. •••• •:: I - ,a:4 ....: ,, N!=-..-" --- 41 . 6. , • - , ---4,--7. - ---- . -" , -..,.: . --• --.. %-• .. 4.. --' - - .--.._,,4- • ,_. - ...- .-- ... --- --- _ -,_ - --, - ---,---_,.. -- _ . ... , . ---, . . trouble has passed away; just as, after the waters of the Deluge had subsided, the earth looked beautiful lit fresher verdure titan before. Are the 'Crisis and the Panic to teach us nothing 1 Are we to renew the old game of speculation, the old system of extravagance I In a word, is business to revert to the alma.' dity of giving such visionary credits that $20,000 of debts, in various great commercial depots, will again be put up to ruction, by the assignee of a broken house, (it would be fool ish to speak of it as a firm,) and realize no more than $47 by the sale That is the ques. tion, which Now York, Philadelphia, and other great cities have to answer, tangibly, by their future mode of doing business. The prosper. ity of the Union is linked with it. LITERARY CRITICISM. THE POETS OE THE NINETEENTH CENTURY : Selected and edited by the Rev. ROBERT ARIA mom With gtileteli and American additions, ar ranged by EVART A; DrITCRINME, editor of The Cyriopadia of Atnerieatt Literature With 132 en. gratings, draws by eminent artiste. I volume, impe rial Bro., pp. 616. New York: Harper §' Brothers.— Philadelphia : W. B. Zieber. By far the most beautiful gift-book-of the year. Its covers are "gloaming with purple and gold; its typography is delicate, on hot pressed cream-colored paper, and ,its many engravings, by the first artists In England and America, are exquisitely engraved • and worked."'lthas a value beyond mere beauty, however, for the taste which has guided two 'accomplished minds in the selection of pieces has produced a collection of some of the finest poetry of the age. Kr. Wilimott has labored with judgment and poetical feeling among the `poets of the old country, and Mr. -Dayckinck has been equally zealous and fortnnate among those of America. The result; thereforo, is a volume of sufficient permanent value, despite its delicate beauty, to take plaCe in the library, as well as on the drawing-room table. The poetry includetthere ranges from 1771, when i 4 The Minstrel" was published, to the present year, for it concludes' with W. A. Butler's recent and popular "Nothing to Wear." The Preface, by Mr. Wiihnott, is ad mirably written, filled, as it is, with gentle and genial feeling for poetry and poets. Mr. Dnyckinek has added a third to the volume, which makes it greatly superior (with addi tional illustrations too,) to the original Eng- Bah edition, published simultaneously. We do not intend to catalogue the names of au thors and artiste in this book. No good man belonging to either line has been omitted. It would have added to the value of the book, for general readers, had brief biographical notices of each author been appended. This book owes a great deal to its Ameri can editor. It is not alone that it contains two hundred pages more than the English edi-. 1 tion, with 'which It simultaneously appears, but the quality of Mr. Duyckinck's additions is very high. Mr. Wilimott's idea was to present a richly illustrated volume of British poetry; Mr. Duyckinekel, to complete it by adding good specimens, from the leading American writers. Amongtho poets whom he introduces ate Washington Alston, R. H. Dant, Samuel Woodworth, R. H. Wilde, Charles Sprague, Mrs. Sigournoy, J. U. C. Brainard, E. C. Plnkney, 0. C. Moore, W. 0. Bryant, J. R. Drake, Fitz Greene Halleck, R. W. Emerson, C. F. Hoffman, Ralph Hoyt, W. G. Simms, N. P. Willis, P. P. Cooke, J. G. Whittier, E. A. Poe, IL IV. Longfellow, G. W. Holmes, A. B. Street, H. T. Tuckerman, J. R. Lowell, T. B. Read, and others. Nor has his labor rested hero—though this is much. Some English poets, omitted by Mr. Will mott, are here introduced by Mr. Duyckinck, to whom we are therefore indebted for speci mens of Ebenezer Elliott, Caroline Bowles, John Clare, Horace Smith, George Parley, J. Blanco White, Samuel Ferguson, William Motherwell, D. M. Moir, W. M. Thackeray, W. E. Aytoun, Matthew Arnold, and W. C. Bennett. He also has given additional poems from W. Spencer, Wordsworth, Heber, Tenny son, and Kingsley. It is odd enough that neither English nor American editor has given anything from John Wilson, John Gibson Lockhart, William, Maginn, or "Father Front." .The additional poems hero do not suffer; by ennsparison - ,'witb respect to MOtt ilitistratlOns, most of which are by American artists, among whom we recognise Harley, Casiloar, Hill, and Hoppin. The British artists whose drawings, most beautifully engraved, grace this book, are D. Macßae, J. Delete], Birkett Foster, John Gilbert, William Harvey, 11. Weir, J. Ten niel, Edward Duncan, J. D. Harding, J. E. Millais, Corbould, F. R. Plekersgill, C. Stan field, W. Mulready, J. R. Clayton, D. Ed wards, G. Hodgson, W. L. Leitch, F. M. Brown, J. Godwin, and A. Hughes. Most of ' these are already world-famous names—the rest give evidence hero of ability which must speedily ripen into distinction. Looking only twenty years back, when those literary ephemera, the Annuals, were in pros perous career, we find only more collections of steel engravings, to illustrate which poetry and prose were written "to order." Mere picture-books, as they were, they bad their day. Dut such volumes as this before us, which really are valuable, as making Art and Poetry mutually illustrate each other, possess a per manent value. They are of the highest class, and it Is a good symptom of our intellectual improvement, when, in such "hard times,'? a publisher is willing to risk a large expenditure on their production. Not that Messrs. Harper need have any doubt as to the success of the undertaking. Its merit will command a sale for it, and "The Poets of the Nineteenth Cen tury"—like a beautifhl woman, in rich and graceful attire—deserves to be admired by all. POETICAL WORKS OP REGINALD HEBER, late Lord Diabop of Calcutta. 1 vol., large Bvo., pp. 893. Philadelphia: X. H. Butler 4. co. Such a complete collection of the lyrical and other metrical effusions of ono who emi nently deserves the title of Christian Poet, has been requirbd and is hero worthily sup plied. It is a fine edition, well got up, and enriched with numerous engravings, from original designs by Selimolze. The portrait of Bishop Heber, copied from an English print, scarcely convoys an Idea 'of the ele vated character of the original, by Thomas Phillips—the artist, by the way, who executed the finest portrait of Lord Byron. 'An Intro ductory Essay upon the poetry and character of Heber, and particularly upon his missionary labors in India, very appropriately is placed as Preface to the Poems. It Is appreciate and concise, and was written by the Rev. Dr. Howe, of this city. ' We have received from Charles Do Silver, publisher, hr this city, a. new edition of Mr. John Lord's School "History of the. United States of America." It brings the narrative down to the accession of President Fillmore, and Is cloarly,and ably written. The wood cuts are very indifferent. LETTEn FROM PORTVGAL fOOtTPIIpOrkdOOCO of Tho Prelim ) In a private letter from Lisbon, dated November 7, there is the following interesting account of a recent epidemic there, and the heroic conduct of the King, Pedro 11, in the distressing circumstances: et On the young King's birth-day, Septem ber 10, first broke out a pestilence which has since stricken thousands of the inhabitants. Some call it yellow fever, some typhus I it is probably a mixture of the two, and has been very fatal. There is something very Insidious in its nature—lt advances to the various quer tens of the town so slowly and surely, and carries off its victims so swiftly. The Portu guess aro a timid nation, and over a hundred thousand persons have left the city. Cintra and the adjacent villages are full to overflow ing, and there is scarcely a person of society in town. It is sad to go into the city, it Is so silent and deserted ; the shops are closed, busi ness is suspended, and one meets or.ly funerals and litters carrying the sick to the hospitals. The young King has behaved most nobly. He had gone to one of his country places for a month, but upon hearing of the appearance of the fever, he immediately returned, and since then has done all that he could. The physicians pronounce the disease contagious, but he has never hesitated in the path of duty, though implored by his old counsellors, with tears in their eyes, not to risk his life. Ho visits the hospitals t all hours, and cheers the sick and dying with kind words, and his own sweet smile. It is very touching to see him going about, so young in years, with all the care and anxiety of a father for his people. One of his aunts said to a Portuguese lady of our acquaintance, 'Poor boy! he is heart broirdiii be goes to his room, and I believe it is to weep. , "For Portugal, such a cypher among the nations, to have yielded such a' flower of majesty, is Indeed a wonder and a portent." George Butler, United States Indian agent in the Creek nation, writing from Tablogab to the Southwest (Mo.) Demorrat, says that a portion of Kansas, between the 38th and 39th parallels, near Pike's Peak, on the South Platte, is aurifer ous. Mr. Beck, from the mining regions of North georgic, has visited that part of tho Territory, and says that for three hundred miles around gold may be obtained. The Indian agent says there is some excitement among the Creeks about them gold dis coveries. Me says further, that it is unsafe for small companies to visit the . gold section, in con sequence of the presence of hostile tribes of In. diane. This auriferous country is in the extreme western en 4 or Napes, Its thp mmuutgleoul region. PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1857. , REPORT OP THE SECRETARY OF WAR. WAn DEPARTIMNT, WASHINGTON, 1100. 5, 1857 Sin : I have the honor to submit the following report of the condition and operations of the army during the past year : The army considts of ninotcen regiments, divided into ten of infantry, four of artillery, two of dra-• goons, two of cavalry, and one of mounted rifle men. The whole strength of the army, as posted, consists of about 17,984 men; and the admit strength, on the first of July last, was 15,744. In addition to the movements which the troops have been called on to make this year, which are set forth in a separate paper, prepared* the Adju tant General and herewith transmitted, this foreet is called upon to garrison sixty-sight forts of a large and permanent character, so far, at least, as It is possible to supply men for the purpose ; and to • occupy seventy posts less permanently estab lished, where the presence of a force is absolutely required. The area over which these torte and posts are spread embraces a circuit of about 3,000.000 Square miles, and requires a journey of many thousand miles to visit the principal ones of them. • The external boundary of our country, requiring throughout a more or lees vigilant military super vision, Is 11,000 miles in length, presenting every variety of climate and temperature, front the in clement cold of our Canadian frontier to the tropi cal regions of southern Texas. But the oeoupation of this long lino of frontier lea trifling difficulty in comparison with that of protecting the double line of Indian frontier, extending from the Lake of Uni Woods to the banks of the Rio Grande, on the oast aide of the Rocky mountains, and from beyond the river Oregon on the British frontier to tho'head of the Gulf of California, on the western elope of those mountains. Emory:hied to these linos, re quiring,te be,oecupied, are the great lines of inter aolnalunioatiOn between the valley of the Masts elppi and,the Pacific ocean, whioh imperatively demand. that-protection which only the United States troops can furnish. These lines are 'v cry long, and, are now extreme ly important, 'whilst every year renderb themmore and more es. -From our western frontier of settle• menu to those of northern' Oregon the distance is about 1,800 miles ; from the same frontier to the settlements of , -Ralifornia, via Salt Lake, is 1,800 miles ; from the frontier of Arkansas, at Fort Smith, by Albuquerque or Santa Fh, to Fort Tejon, is about 1,700 miles ; and from San Antonio, by El Paso, to San Diego, near the borders of the white settlements, is 1,400 miles; constituting an aggre gate line of 8,700 miles which ought to be ma:- pied, and which we pretend, in some sort, to keep open and defend. This simple statement of facts demonstrates, stronger than any arguments could do, the abso lute necessity for an increase of the army. The policy of our Government, and the spirit of our people, are alike opposed to a largo standing army, and very properly so; but if an army is needful at all, it should be organized in each a manner as to answer the purpoeee for whioh it h required. Its numbers should correspond with the service it is Intended to perform. If from anyudis• proportion in thisrespect it stops short of offieltiiiey it becomes insignifloant, and entails upon the country expenditures wholly incommensurate with any service it can render. It will not bo denied that an army, properly or ganized and of sufficient strength, constitutes at once the cheapest and most efficient moans by which the indispensable services It is designed to perform can he secured by the Government. There is no substitute for on army; and to ren der it at once economioal and efficient, adequate numbers are essential. If there Is a higher duty then another devolved upon a well-regulated Government, it is to afford perfect protection to Its Citizens against outrage and personal violence; yet this great obligation is not performed by the Government of the 'United States. For a largo portion of the year, scarcely a week °lapel's with out bringing to us intelligence of some Indian massacre, or' outrage more shocking than death itself; and It most frequently happens that these acts go unpuninhed altogether, either from the want of troops .for pursuit, or from their remote ness from the mono of slaughter, which renders pursuit useless. In former times, when the hardy pioneer was allured away from the lino of white settlements by fertile lands alone, he scarcely ventured so far as to he beyond succor awl 'protection from those he loft behind. But far different is the state of things at present. Our Pacific settlements, with their great inducements of rich lands, ealubrious Climate, and fabulous mineral treasures, present to the in habitants of the Atlantic States temptations to emigration which the privations of en intervening wilderness and desert, and continual danger from roving bands of savages hanging upon their march for many hundred miles together, cannot deter them from undertaking. This migration strength ens the natural ties between the Atlantic and Pa cific States, and Adds immensely to the defensive strength of that remote region. Justice and W inona), alike demand protection for these emigrants at the hands of our Government. To render governmental protection to our vast. frontier and emigration - perfeet - a very largo igkettaliod i§f the army woul d-mil 'be rorjurrid., Five additiOnal regiments would answer the par r 'pose If priiperly posted., It will be seen from a paper carefully prepaid' from reliable data by the Adjutant General, that no timers of our forces is so sufficient, or near so cheap as the augmentation of our regular army. A line of posts running parallel with our fron tier, but near to the Indians' usual habitations, plated at convenient distances and suitable posi tions, and occupied by infantry, would exorcise a salutary restraint upon the tribes, who would feel that any foray by their warriors upon tho white settlements would meet with prompt retaliation upon their own homes. In addition to this means ot defence, there should be concentrated along our own frontier, at eligible points, large bodies of efficient horse, all or any portion of which could, upon the opening of spring and the first appearance ot grass, march to mash aggression or repress any spiril of insubor dination. These cantonments for cavalry should be established at points whore corn and bay are abundant and cheap. The present is a favora ble period for the choice of permanent locations, for the reason that upon a large portion of our northwest frohlier, part' .ularly, settlements have nearly reached the limits of cultivable lands, be yond which, - while there are spots of rich soil and tolerable pasturage, they are not sufficient for extended settlement .' Hem there is no likelihood of military stations being left, as heretofore, in the heart of a thickly populated country, after the lapse of a very few years. The posts selected in the manner nose indicated would become useless only when the Indian tribes ceased to be formida ble, or disappear altogether, for they would be upon the lino of permanent frontier, which has now been readied. Tho concentration of these largo bodies of horse at eligible points upon our borders would have the best influence both upon the dreelpline and abet iveness of tho crops, Throughout the winter, when field operations wero impossible, the mon could be perfectly drilled; and the horses would be put in complete order fur the most active and arduous service in the earliest spring. This double line of defence would constitute a perfect protection to the settlements, in the first place, and would soon prove far thu most economical system of frontier protection, because it would greatly diminish and cheapen tho transportation of military stores and munitions of war, which is now the chief source of our most unsatisfactory frontier expenditure. The infantry stations would not necessarily be large,' and supplies could be furnished them from conve nient points at very moderate rates. For there reason?, and many others which rea dily suggest themselves, I venture to submit to you the propriety of asking from Congress an in crease of the army, I am strengthened in any convictions of its propriety from the recommenda- Lions of my predecessor, whose thorough know lodge of the army and its requirements give his opinions groat weight, and from the recommenda tions, also, of the Genoral-in-Chief. The army ban boon very Relively and constantly engaged in the performance of arduous and im portant duties. The Indian war in Florida claimed the attention of a strong foroe, composed mainly of the fifth infantry and fourth artillery during the spring and early pert of the summer. This war has been proaecuted with all the vigor which the character of the country and that of the enemy would admit of. The country it aporpotual RUC consign of swamps and mornoses, almost impene trable, and the Indians partake rather of the na ture of boasts of the chase than of men capable of resisting in tight a military poiyer. Their only strength lies in a capacity to elude pursuit. Exigent affeira in the West demanded the remo val of those two regiments front Florida to the Territory of Kansas ; but they have boon re placed by volunteer; and the pursuit of the Indi ana bas boon continued by tbo latter troops up to the present time. The services rendered by these volunteer troops have boon spoken of in terms of merited commendation in the reports of officers in command. Two very important and momentous subjects forced themselves "upon the attention of this de partment at an early period of my incumbency. These were the complications krrowing out of the troubles in the Territory of Lams, and the still more Involved and difficult relations borne by the Territory of Utah towards this Government. The latter has recently usainned a very threatening attitude, of which I will presently speak. The very anxious and earnest representations of danger to the public peace which wore made by the Governor of Kansas, growing out of exampera lions between the different political parties there, and his earnest cull for a large body of troops, re quired the transfer of the tenth regiment of in• fiintry and the fourth regiment of nrtillery to Fort Leavenworth, and also the recall of Colonel Sum ner's command, then in the field, and that engaged in marking the southern boundary of Kansas, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel John ston, of the first cavalry. From other quarters, likewise, troops were snored to Kansas, until a force wise concentrated there sufficient, in the opin ion of the Governor, to repress nil insubordination and to insure the peace of tho Territory. The re sult line fully answered the expectations of that distinguished functionary. The peace of Kansas has been undisturbed. The requisite provision, however, for thilde. siinble object, agreeably to the wishes of the Go vernor, necessitated a very important modification of the plants then already determined upon with regard to tho movement of troops to Utah. A largo portion of both horse and Soot, intended for this distant service, was detached and remained behind, leaving the expedition to proceed with the fifth and tenth infantry, the batteries of Captains Phelps and Reno, with a pert of the second dra goons, which followed long after the head of the column had set out on the march. UTAH AND THE EXPEDITION THITHER • -• This subject has very recently assumed so extra ordinary nod important an attitude, that I doom it proper to dwell upou it somewhat more at length than under other ciretunstancos, would have been required. The Territory of Utah is peopled almost exclu sively by the religious scot known as Mormons. From the time thou numbers reached a point au Ift• olont to tonstituto a community capable of any thing lilts independent Wien, thip rive bays claimed the right to detach themselves front the bidding obligatiOns of the laws which governed the communities where they chanced to live. They' have substituted for the laws of th e land a theocracy, bavibg for Its head an individual W.llOlll they profess to believe a prophet of God. This prophet demands obedience, and receives it impli citly from his people, in virtue of what he assures them to bo authority derived from revelations received by him from Heaven. Whenever he finds it convenient to emu's() any special command, these ententunO eevelations of a higher law come to ilia aid. Peon Lis decrees there Is no appeal; against his will there la no resistance, The gene ral Plan by which this system Is perpetuated eon "-slats In mililug Into Wive play the very worse trait, of the human character. Religious fanati eistrtoupportar by imposture and fraud, is relied on to enslave the dull and ignorant; whilst the Mord crafty aud loss honest are hold together'by sltatulating their selfishness and licensing their eldeithee and tufts. Running counter, as their tenets and praetifes do, to the cherished truths of 'Christian morality, it Is not to be wondered at that, Wherever those people have resided, discord and conflict with ,the legal authorities have steadily eltaxaoterized their history. 140051 the fit,t hour they fixed themselves in that remote and flmost inaccessible region of our Ter ritory, from 'triad' they are now pending defiance to the sovereign power,- their whole plan has been toprepare' for &successful secession front the au thority or 00 United States and a permanent establishment of their unit. They have praotised an exolusiVeness 'unlike anything ever before knOnts in a Ohrititian country, and have hoodoo ajtialeils -distrust of all whose religious faith differed from their min ; whom they characterize under the general denomination of Gentiles. They havu filled their ranks and harems chiefly from the' lowest cleave of foreigners, although some germ .the Polled States have likewise contribu ted to theirmiuthers. They aro now formidable from their etrongth, and much more so from the 'Penketetress of their position and the ditilicultyl of traversing the country between our frontiers and Great Salt Lake. This Mormon brotherhood has scarcely preierved the semblance of obedience to the authority of the United States for come years past; not at all, in deed, except as it might confer some direct benefit upon themselves, or contribute to circulate public money in thelr community. Whenever it suited their temper or caprice, they have set the United States autherity at defiance. OF late years, a well, grounded belief has prevailed that tho Mormons were instigating th e Indians to hostilities against Our eitizons;and were exciting amongst the Indian tribes a feeling of insubordination and discontent. I need not recite here the many Instances In their Oenithet• and history en which these general elle gatlons aro founded, especially the conduct they have adepted•within tholaat twelvemonths towards the civil authorities of the United States. Imo, nevertheless, always been the policy and desire of the Yederal Government to avoid collision with this Mormon community. It has borne with the insubordination they have exhibited under elr cumstaneei when respect for their own authority has frequently eountelled harsh measures of diem plinth Mid this forbearance might still bo pro longed, and the evils rife amongst them bo allowed to work aid their own cure, if this community oc cupied nay other theatre, isolated and remote from Shot seats of civilization, than the one they now possess But, unfottunately for these views, their settlements lie in the great pathway which leads from our Atlantic States to the new and flour ishing communities growing up upon our Pacific seaboard. . • They stand a lion In the path ,• not only themselves dotxtug the military and cl I authorities of the GOtern• twat. but encouraging, if not exciting, the nomad savages whproato over the vast unoccupied region)* of the continent, to the pillage and lIIIISSACTO or peaceful and betide., emigrant families traversing the solitudes of the wiCterness. The tepid' settlemeut of our Pacific possessions; the rights in Chore regions of emigrants unable to afford the heavy expeneen of transit by water and the isthmus ; the facility and safety of military. commercial; political, and *eclat Inteverammenication 'between our eastern and Western populations and States, all depend upon the prompt, alrmiute l and thorough removal of a hostile power betettirg this path mihesy of Ito route, eta point where Rueter cud prevleinne should alwaye Do found, rather than obstruetion, pria Atkinand outrage. How ever anspausly the Government 'night &mire to avoid R colilcion with thin or any other community of people under iteittriediction, yet It is sot possible for It to post pone the ditty of reducing to eubordination a rebellious fraternity besetting one of the moat Important avenues of communication tree ereing Its detrain, and not only themeelses defying Its authority. but stimulating the Irrespongible savages hovering along the highway to acts of violence indiscriminately upon all ages, sexes, and conditions of wayfarers. Prom all the circumstances surrounding thin eubJect at the time, It wan thought expedient dating the peat Rummer to send a body of troops to Utah with the civil ofticers'recently appointed to that Territory. Ac the Intention% en sax merely to entablish these function aries In the offices to which they had been commissioned, and to erect Utah into a geographical military de partment, the force then despatched and now en route to the Territory was thought to be amply sufficient for those purposes. Supplier' were abundant there, and the position wax favorable for holding the Indiene in cheek throughout the whole eircuntincent region of country. It wax hardly Within the line of rennonable probabillty that throe people would put themselves be yond the pole of reconciliation withibe ftenarament br StaleSOrtnatn773loX,Tale, wantow.tebettion. '.alibis stela - however, from the documents accompany ing tide apart, that flagrant edit of rebellion have been t orninitted by them, in the face of positive as marances given them that the Intention of the (loyern ment lo lending troops Into the military department of Utah aura entirely pacific. CI reakcare had been taken, in preparing for the march to Utah, that nothing ahead seem to excite apprehen elan of env action on the part of the army in the leant conflicting with the fixed principles of our institutions, by which the military is strictly subordinate to the civil autherity, The luntructlons to the commanding either were deliberately considered and carefully draw u ; and he was charged not to allow any conflict to tato piece between the troops and the people of the Territory, ex cept only In case he should be called on by the Governor for sold ors to act as a poise eonaitatuts In enforcing obedience to the loam In conformity with this sentiment, and to mourn the people of the real intention of the movement, an activo, discreet °Dicer was vent In advance of the army to Utah for tho parpooerof purchasing provisions forlit, mutter assuring the people of the Territory of the peaceful intentions or the Government, This duty wan faith tally performed; the chief men of tho fraternity were assured that no violence was intended towards them or any ono, and that nothing could be further from the intention of the Government or the tinny that, to em lest any one fur their religious opinions, however ab horrent they might bo to the principles of Christian morality. Thin °Meer found, upon entering the Terri tory that those deluded people, had al: oady, in advance of his arrival, or of any intonation,- except as to the march, of the column, determined to resist th eir ap proach, and prevent, if possible, And by force, the cu trance of the army into the valley of Salt Lake. Pup• pee of every sort were refused him. The day after his departure from the city, on bin way back, Brigham Young issued his proclamation, substan tially declaring war againet the United States, and, at the earns lime, putting the Territory under martial law. The facts connected with this mission of Captain Van Yliel will appear more to detati from Me reports, herewith transmitted. In view of the menacing attitude el A ffairs in Utah, and of the Importance of a prompt and' thorough sup pression of the spirit of rebellion reigning there, I must repeat my recommendation of tiro now regiments, which I am persuaded is the very smallest addition to the army which the exigencies or the novice {1 ill allow. Attention him been repeatedly culled to defects in thy organization of tire army, and to various details in tete-. rence to social of its parts. As them, evils Increase with time and practice under them, I must again bring them before you. The beets of our existing system is the British army, AD It served in the colonies before the Revolution, re taining many of the dufeete, since corrected in Great Britain, under the experience and necessities of long wars. Provisions inconaudent with the existing system, copied from other nations, and partial legislation de signed for particular interests, have augmented these evils, and we have committed the fault of adapting our fundamental organization to a time of peace, instead of booing It on the exigencies of war. One of the greatest errors of detail is the separate, in dependent character of our staff corps. This remove s them fron their properposition AD aids or assistants to the commander and constitutes them his equals. It con tracts the sphere of observation and experience, and thus unfitathe °nicer for change or advancement. and begets an accumulation of precedent and prerogative at war with the vital principle of military organuation— the inviolable and tindivided authority of the hend Ile is bound, as they are, by the law, and his construction at it should govern them, not theirs him. Another defect is the uncertain and ill-defir ed rights of hers et rank. We hare adopted the is ord, but not its eignidcaticet, from the English rule, and applied It fp circumstances not contemplated or exisiting when drat established Repeated docisions mid imperfect legiels• lion have only Increased the evil by inviting new die mulleins toil adopting now constructions. I=il We hive retained annals fault, abandoned, at least practically, iu Almost every service among civilized no tions, oven themost aristocratic and monarchical. This la promOtion by seniority, Age and orperieuce should bring excellence; but the test lies In the steal pos session of tho latter, and not merely In the circum stances which it Is assumed should produce it Seniority, with the requirements essential for posi tion, ought certainly to give precedence ; but without these, that dignity and respect which belong to rank and conttoind can nes el be secured. All that hue been urged in favor of retaining It with us in the danger of political or personal Inver govern ing a Yolertlon. Their tune be danger from thin source, but, by the rule of seniority, the weizr of of any awn inn it, if lie lives, conic to ho one of the most im portant and responsible unicorn under the tiovernmeut —the colonel of a regiment Ily selection, It in ponnible that the very bent mos not alu cyn be chosen, though the chancre are In favor of thin hypotheses; certain ly the very worst never rill be, and this In surely a gain un the present rule. To correct then° and other evils, I would urge no to provide by hw for the construction of the regiments of horse, artillery, and infantry, rig to approach them, tos far an our clrcionntancen require, to the piactiee of all nation+ long experienced in war, and so ne admit their contractiou for peace and their re expansion in war without altering thin bogie. Thin can be dune without any increase of officers or men, or augmentation of expense, by inerolv arranging those already In service, on the companies of earls corp. to sell the end proposed. To place the staff In proper relation to the rest of the army, the law should collect all the officers doing that branch of itety into one cerps,to be assigned by authority of the President to such duties as may seem to be best fitted for, securing to each the rank and relative posi tion be now holes, But, as 1103110 staff corps are confined to duties requiring special instruction and long rope- Hence, their separate organization might be retained. A general provision dispensing with the staff bureaux, and &lug the President authority to regulate the du ties on the principles above stated, and to transfer, when necessary, officers to and from the line And staff, would restore the Institution to Its proper effectiveness. Thus, tho staff near the War Department, representing the authority of the constitutional corninender•ln-chief of the army and navy, would bear the mime relation to him as the staff attached to a corps to the field have to the colonel or general who commands it To avoid, for the future the difficulties attending brevet rank, the best plan Is to create, permanently, the general offices now exercised muter brevets, making as many major-generals and brigadier generals en the strength of the army requires. rids would afford pro• motion to many brevet officers of Inferior rank, and thus absorb nearly all ; as the strength of the army requires these officers, and they have always existed under the brevet rank, no increase of expanse would follow their being permanently established. The law should then provide that brevet rook should give no right, under any circumstances, unless by the special ausigument of the President in such case, retaining that rank as a mere honorary distinction, except Incase of special isslignmout, but at all Unica recommending the bearer as a worthy candidate for promotion. Promotion may bo made a reward of merit and an In centive to seal by enacting that it shall take pines by seniority in corps (unless in extraordinary cues) to the rank of captain, and beyond that by selection from the next grade In the RAM arm to that to bo filled an far As colenei t tuelasive. General officers to be at the choice of the remittent, as they now are. NUA 411 Mu Old hi ti) tilt propriety of seperittillif i th cc e n tr u l b uta m e ty o , f f a r t . % el the o n m d Thin nyetern has been adopted In Prance, but is ob jected to an giving to the civil officera than employed c i e U r P c P p i r i o ui per an O d f t a h l e t an Immunity from military control, injurious, if not fatal, to the Interests of the service. This objection a m m on v e . yed would be fully toot by providing that thla class of offi cers without receiving military rank, or being entitled to command, should be amenable to military tribunal., nod thus act under the name responsibility that the dis bursing officer now done. It is certain that an officer looking forward to mili• tary advancement and fame is tempted to incur risks on the field of battle, the fatal issue of which might ruin Ida festally, and some of his friende, and his own repu• tattoo, through the disorder which his sudden death might bring into his pecuniary affairs: These propooted changes would restore our military aystem to that simplicity which would render such amendments as experience might tecornmend easy and well adapted to existing circumstance.. I concur with my prodecoixor in other proposed amo• lloratlons, and especially lu preparing for Infirm end dicabled officers a competent and tranquil retreat, and fur the unworthy a substantial dimities.' from the ear s ice; than arming that efficiency of the army which will entitle it to full respect from the Country, and which the country have a right to demand. This should be applied in two ways: Find, on the application of the o ffi cer; and second, on the dtrection of the President, an if on accusation. A board of me officera of high rank to Ice detailed for each carte, and the examination to be contlacted as though on charges before a court martial; the President to decade on the report of the court. The disponal of the officers to be ono of three kindit : First, an honorable rolea.se from duty, and from any carpe to which he may he attached ,• remaining so a supernumerary officer with the pay and emoluments of hie grade, as on leave of absence. Pe cond, to be retired front the army, without censure or disgrace, on hie pay proper unless he forfeits it by misconduct. Third. to be ratted from the army, with out payer compensation, except a gratuity of one year' a; or elk or three nionthr pay, to secure him front the evil consequences of absolute want. I call special attention to the report of the General-in chief, and ask for his recommendations es favorable con- Adoration. It Is certainly true, that to call ()urea peace establishment in a mere abuse of terms It is well known that the casualties of the battle-fleld bear a very small proportion to the lessor life front exposure and hardship eneennterffil in long and perilous marches, and from protracted campaigns. In every particular, with the exception only of the battlefield, no hardships encoun tered by any army prosecuting any war are greater than those to which • very large proportion of our troops are constantly exposed. And the danger. of battle are far from being halo Meant, as the reports of these con stantly recurring conflicts will abundantly show. The plan of regimental depots for recruiting, I am confident, will bo very tAvantageous to the service. It will produce a spirit of generous rivalry, conducive in the highest degree to good discipline and military bear ing. The tone of the rank and file needs elevation ex from*, and every means should be resorted to tending to effort It. It our troops were massed sufficiently to Insure perfect drill and discipline ; if they were made soldier. Instead of day-laborers; it a feeling of pride instead of degradation resulted from their connection with the service the morale of the army would soon take that elevat ion which is most des ruble in all armies, and which certainly ought to be pee-eminent In that of a great Republic. The habit of employing sol diers as laborers Is extremely detrimental to the ear vice. They fool degraded because they are deprived of both the emoluments and the Aunty independence of the la boring man, who feels that his vocation Is honorable be cause it Is Independent and free. The soldier who en tern the service with somedegrse of military aspiration, can but resent an a wrong tho order which changes him from his legitimate vocation to that of a mere operative deprived 01 hie fair wagee. I think it would conduce greatly to the elevation of the rank and tile if promotion to commission wee made readily and certainly attainable by the really meritotlons men in the racks. If oar army was put upon the proper footing, the anomalous spectacle of having In 0-thirds of our rank and tie com posed of foreigner' would certainly not be witnessed. I NDLUf VIOSTILITIFB 'rho Olpenso4 of the army hare been and are con stantly much augmented by the necessity of moving large bodice of troupe, at the aborteat nosnible notice, front remote pinta, to overawe or suppress Indian out broaka. The temper awl spirit of the Indians are en tirely unknown to tau War Department, except through communications from the Department of the Interior, which, of course, would never be made, except when forces are deemed rtecespary for the public safety. The NM= of defence proposed through the double hue of poste, herein recommended. would, I think, in a very greet measure, neutralize this evil. RAILROAD TO THY PAO7YIO The surveys heretofore ordered by Congress to moor tale the beet route for the construction of a railroad from the western boundary of our States lying west of the Mienietippl to the Pacitic, have been carefully made, and the results elaborately set forth in eight large vo lumes. In the opinion of competent judges, there is now ce controverey al to the loom eligible route for the railroad, slimming that all the material facts in the case hare been fully aecortained. The route from El pane to the Colorado, besides being the shortest or all yet morvoyed, possesses very denied advantages over others In several Important particulars. The grades are lower, the climate milder, and the distance scram the desert region, common to all the routes, in less upon this. Water, too, is sufficiently abundant upon the tract of this survey; en that in selecting a railroad route be tween the Pacific mid the valley of the Mississippi, ac far as our present information goes, that by EI Paso would.be chosen; but the consummation of this prolect, freed from all other daflicultion, would require Immense sums of money arid a great length of time. Meanwhile other military roads very urgently require special and prompt opening and occupation. If the rallroad were, to-day, completed from 11l Paso to the line of Califor nia, a strong and urgent necessity would still remain for main; at Mils Ana Keeping open at towrrivant pnratlier routes, rot the passage of emigrants and the transpor tatiqn of military stores to vast regions o' Our country accessible only by these mouton. Then, as these routes are to bo opened in nay event, true policy and economy would seem to indicate that it should be done at once. A line of stockade posts upon two of these routes would not require a I ery large force to maintain them, and, if placed at proper distances apart, would furnish certain means of a safe and rapid transportation of the mails and perfect protection to a telegraphic line from one ocean to the other, which latter object would, in itself, be worth far more to the country than the coot of the posts, and the expense of maintaining them. EXPLORATIONS AND STOMPS There Is no appropriation of equal amount, in charge of this department, that in productive of more real and substantial !moat to the pubibt service than that for military explorations and surveys. At this time we are actually Ignorant of the geography and general char acter of large tracts of country lying between the val ley of the Missisainpi and the raciat ocean. Every day is Whig new and Important facts to our present stored of Itlatne ledge upon this subject. And, snatch as has been accomplished within the last few plaza, it is hazarding but little to say that we have only begun to acquire what it is no useful for us to understand thoroughly. Two expoditions hate been fitted out expressly to ex plore tracts of country hitherto wholly unknown The first was soot to the Norton eat, beyond the w diem of the Upper Missouri, towards tho Black Ilills," and w 11, no doubt, bring valuable information The other Is engaged in exploring the Colorado of the West, of which, to this time, nothing scarcely has been ate:, rately kuiAn. I ace not without strong hope that this exploration still result in discovering the bout means by which the transportation of army stares eau be effected to the interior of New Mexico and Utah. . . But for tho assistance rendered them explorations by the troops detailed fur the purpose, the appropriations would prove wholly inadequate for any material results. I transmit bereaith the report of the Bureau of Ya plerations and Furveys, for more detailed information of the expeditions tilted out for these purposes, and of the progress made in the experiment of arteattu ME= The military roads linietrifere in charge of this de partment are progrming satisfactorily, under the su perintendence of the officers harims them In charge. Amongst them i 9 one front Fort Defiance to the mouth of the Moist a river, it filch deserves special notice from the plan adopted for its construction. The appropria. lion for this work wee only fifty thousand dollars. a Mist the length of the road ens about 350 miles. I directed Edward F. beide, Esq.; to whom I entrusted the con struction of thisread, to palm over rind horsey the route throughout the entire length, to lay out the road and make it passable for wagons at all difficult places. With this party I sent thirty-five camels of those re cently Imported nudes the direction of my predecessor. This was intended as au experiment to test the efficien cy of those animals as beasts of burden and transpor tation through the barren cud difficult country of the great mountain range separating the Mississippi valley from the Pacific OtO&D. From the ' , CAM reports m eek ed front Mr. Beale. It would appear that the camels are likely to answer fully the high exprctations enter tained of them for military purposes by the honorable fiecretsay who Introduced them into the country. Nothing worthy of =.peeial note has oreurred eit co the last report upoo the subject of artesian wells. I think there is not much doubt of the feasibility of procoring abundant supplies of good water by this means, and tho benefits requiting from it successful prosecution of this euterpriso are too palpable to require any illustration. For milltsay purposes, these WWI ore altogether ladle pousable. The deceit country, Impassable now for want of water by any considerable military force, will, upon completion of the system of wells, be easily tra versed from Fort Fillmore to Albuquerque, and from Fort Colon to Banta Fe. The work is still under the dlrertiou of Captain Pope, who has hitherto had it 111 charge. 111111litry reservations, heretofore ehtablishel for the occupation of troops upon the Indian frontier, having become useless for any military purposes, and calcukted to retard the settlement ef the country, hare Loco sad tltaPrs tow 1 . 4E , C4 at the hat session of Con greqq. With the exception of tho reserve at Fort hip. toy, the prices oftered ter these lauds seem satisfactory The bids for the lands of the latter me...trillion being considered too low, the sale was sot aside and the pro perty retained. 1:1= Undot a law of the /Rill l'ongro , l direotinz the rale 01 this tre,tern tniiittty uvluin at liar. 014tirg, ICentocky, all atort was !ude to commmato it, but without effort After due mud extoloove edxertiiionent of tbo slay of sale, and upon the esgembling of biodere, the proporty was ofierod at ',atilt, outcry, hut the loglioet nuns raPre , l Oslo conglittlost by the apht for the. unto to Ina leqoate that the property was wish Iraa a The agyliiin In this Dktrlet ie, to a HIJIIt.I extent, ail sooting the porpolies for xlitch it was est al lolled. It furnlalitig a quiet end abundant home for thi• utvalud soh diera who ore admittol to It. The Importance to the public iorvi3O of eitabli4hing • national foutAr) Inn beau ao of ten brought to the at • lion of Cotigre+. I,y my prellece...r., that nothing but con, ietion of Ite great consequence to the public and private iotorests et the whole country encourage. rno to niontiou it again A a 011-nianaged national foundry would cry speedily develop and establish facts which s, null add Immensely to our national wealth. It in seal eely to be credited that, with the Infinite variety of iron ores and their bounillens extent in the United States, we should not have yet discos crest a mine capable of making the very best gun, or, if each be discovered, that there are no Samaria by whirls the public ite tv ice can be beneatted by It; but such in the fact A national foundry would nerve an a great laboratory at which the qualities and value of metals throughout the whole Confederacy would be tested and lived Every variety of Iron, a ith Its ecpecial adaptation to particu lar uses, would, in a few years, be familiarly known to the country, and individual enterprise would be saved in experlinenta many limn the amount which the works would cost, whilst agrent national branch might, by this means, receive a legitimate and efficient en couragement. There is but little doubt that many American iron urea aro equal at leant to thou: of Norway, and yet the national armories are dais en by neceadty to purchase from abroad the Nora egiau iron for the manufacture of small arms. Choi:wog to bare the beet quality of arms, we must go abroad for the best quality of iron. A. national foundry would soon teach us to improve the manufacture of iron nod we would be saved the morti fication of bringinglron from abroad, and the money, too, we have to pay fur it. The coated' homy guns would presently be diminished, and th e ir quality would be, undoubtedly, sexy mate• rattily improved. It therefore appears to me that every consideration of sound policy and economy' demand!' the ostabilahmont of a national foundry, which I accordingly renpeetfully re commend. CIIMIBEI The report of the chief of ordnance will xplain in de tail the condition of that most Import/tut brooch of the public service. Its general operations have, in the main, been satisfactory. The manufacture of small arms at the two national armories continues with Yory Much the same results es heretofore. The arms label• ON HO ut the mot oupeagF qualith TWO CENTS. more than questionable whether the rief4 or grooved musket Is any improvement whatever upon the musket of the pattern adopted In 1342 for the use of the Intim. try In the field. The valuable property at Baton Rouge belonging to the Government is being greatly injured by reason of the decayed condition of the wooden.enclosure, which was constructed many years since. It Is. therefore, ad visable that some provision be made for building a sub stantial iron fence, and thereby preserving the build ings and grounds, which are now &abject to serious dam age and constant depredation. I would also advise that, for the purpose of still fur-. they improving the grounds, authority be given to pur chase jut of land near the principal building, and to sell a piece of land at the extreme end of the property, of little value for Government purposes. For these objects a email appropriation will be required. As a school of practice for the artillery is eatablished at Fort 'Monroe, which is moth needed by the service. it is eery desirable that one or two small tracts of land in the Immediate vicinity of the post, and directly affected by the target tiring, should belong to the Go rernment ; therefore authority ought to be given to purchase thin land, and thus remove all obstructions to the satisfactory establishment of the school at this im portant post. TUB NATIONAL DEYTTCTS The report of the chief engineer will inform yon of the character and condition of our sea-coot defences. It will be seen that these works are gradually, but cer tainly, advancing towards completion, and when finished will constitute a system of marilime defences formida ble in extent, and of great magnitude. • New York, the greet heart of commerce on this conti nent, where more and greaterinterests concentrate than at any point on our Atlantic coast, may be considered u impregnable fa - many attack from the sea when the for tifications now in progress shall be finished. The forti fications will be better the guns hen ier and more numerous, then those of Sebutopol. cpx, the general system of seacoast defence it Is hardly necessary to say a word at thin day. The policy of the Oovernment seems to be fixed in that respect, and wisely, too, no doubt, if the works be prosecuted With a wise economy. Fortifications are row very Justly esteemed the cheapest and far the most effectual means of defence for every importitot commercial point; with the heavy guns of the present day j no fleet can match a fortification ; au4 when completeu, thus works eau be kept in perfect repair at • very trifling coat until needed for actual eervies. A fortification coating not much more than double the sum necessary to build and guile 14first-clus line-of-battle ship, will constitute a forda ble defence for a harbor, anal will routine to do so throughout any length of time. The value of thia mode of defence is becoming more apparent every day. As our population increases, and the facilities for In tercommunication are multiplied, a military forte of any extent can with more and more readiness be colleen tmted at any given point in the etiortest possible time. Fortifications, which will naturally retard the landing of a foreign foe, must give time to concentrate a force at any given point equal to any emergency. A larger force could be thrown Into New York in two weeks, by means of Internal communication, than could be brought there from abroad an a year by all means which any European power could possibly command. Our ramified system of railroads spreading through out the whole country—those sinews of iron which bind with indinoluble ties the commercial interests of our community—confer upon the nation a capability for de fence which obviates forever the necessity of standing armies, or of a navy more numerous than le necessary to give protection to our ships In the procreation of our extended commerce. The attention of Cotgrees has been frequently called to the glaring discrepancy 'between the enactments regu lating the pensions of soldiers and WO of sailors. There is an invidious distinction between these two arms of service which tests upon no principle of reason or justice It would, beyoni doubt, conduce to the interest of the army, and the public service, too, If pen sions in the army were put upon the earn. footing pre. cigely n ith those of the navy. The recommendation of the General.in•Chlet I commend to your favorable no tice end to that of Congress The importance of regimental bands to the service admits of no doubt In the estimation of military men. In Europe all armies greet attention IS Paid to the sub ject, end greet excellence Wats In this department. Ileretotore, in our service, the bends bare been sup. ported by contributions from the men In the shape of ravings from the ration. Under the new regulations of the army, this fund, which i certainly the property of the soldier, has been returned to him In the shape of more palatable addition to his subsistence, particularly when complainiog from Indistmition. The bands Will be broken up, unless some means are set apart for their maintenance. This can readily be done by appropria ting a sufficient tuna for the purpose out of the dries end forfeitures of the army ' This fund could not be devoted to a more desirable object. OANOO3 AYD.WASAIIGTON C1L1111.3 By a law pitied the eighteenth day of August, 18.56, a commission woe direct. 1 to be appointed for the put'. pone of sseertoiniog the sum of money fairly dne to the volunteerit of Oregon and Wenhingtou Territories for their services in the Indian wax, which threatened to Iny waste those Territories. In compliance with this Captain Smith, of the first dregoonti, Captain Rufus Ingalls, of the quattetmanter's deportment, and Lafay ette Grover, Enq , of Salem, Oregon, were appointed to examine the accounts and claims, and to make a report in conformity with the law end upon the facts no they sainted. so far, at least, as it was possible to ascertain them. These officers entered upon their duties on the 10th day of October, 1856, and seem to have labored with great assiduity and patience in discharge of them until the 20th day of October hut. when they were brought to a close. I have examined this report very carefully, and conclude that, from the data they adopted for their guide, as to the price of stores and sebalatanee, and time of ierviee rendered by the men, it is not probable that a more jut or accurate meta could be attained than these gentlemen have arrived at. The =qua ascertained to be due Is a very large one, and Congress toad • • •• tloty-shall'ltluldated , of whtth Y presume there eau now be no doubt. IMXIOU-LOADI3II 17110 The appropriation for the purchase of the best breech-loading rifle has been nearly all expended for arms of different construction—some for experiment in the fluid, thought to be far the best test, and some have been purchased for use in the army, having been already approved by trials in the hands of troops in actual service. I think there existed no arm of the sort at the time the appropriation was made which has not been mate. rially improved since, and much of this improvement UP taken place since the trial made of this sort of arm last summer, at West Point, under the direction of a board of officers appointed for the purpose. The variety of breech.loading 11.1911 is extremely great, and the in genuity exhibited in constructing them highly credita ble. Some of these arm. are best for one sort of ser a ice, whilst others answer best for another, and the numbs.. made have been determined with • view to this object. Improvements are still going on in the construction of this particular arm. and, with some further encouragement, valuable results will no doubt be attained. eomo of theme arms combine, in a very high degree celerity and accuracy of fire, with great force, nt lon. range. TOrOGRAIIIIOAL BURSA,: The dear awl complete reports from this bureau will fully apprise you of its labors during the past year, and its present condition. AQUEDUCT, CAPITOL, AND POST MICE EXTENSION These works are still under the direction of the officer heretofore in charge of them, and hie report will show tho progress made in their prosecution, as Well an his estimstrs for money to carry on the work in the fu ture,. QUARTERMISTER GENERICS BURRIU. The operations of this department for the put year will fully appear from the quartermaster General's re port, herewith transmitted. The puma expended in this branch or the public nor vice are extremely large, but the duties performed are very great, and the necessities for the payment of ia men,c taus of money In this del - mil:cent seem unavoid able. This vast expenditure will cease to be a matter of tirpri+o to any one who, with proper information, ref its fully upon the extent and character of the country ocer which our military operations aro con ducted. We are not apt to carry along, as an element of re• Election in drawing a contrast between the present and former espenditureff, the enormous increase of distan• see to be traversed, and the flifticulties which multiply themselves from transportation over a wild, barren, sterile, uninhabited waste. Our territory lying between the Missimippi river and the Pacific ocean is about 1,200 miles in length from north to south ; its breadth from east to weet, in lati tude 49 degrees, is 1,500 mile.; latitude 38 &gene, 1,000 mites; end in latitude g. degrees, 1 500 miles; the area being about 2 000,000 equate miles The meridian of 105 decrees west longitude divides this territory into two nearly equal parts. The eastern half is a great plain rising gradually from the Missis sippi river to the foot of the mountains along the meri dian of 105 degree;, where its elevation, near the north ern boundary, is 2,500 feet; in the middle latitude, 0 000 feet; and near the southern boundary, 4,000 feet above the sea The western half In a mountain region, the chains of which, co fur IN vet known, hare, gene• rally, a direction north and south. If we draw a line nearly coinciding with the 'meri dian of 99 degrees west longitude, dividing the great plain Into two nearly equal parts, we shall find that portion east of this line differing entirely from that went of it. The eastern part is fertile. the western arid and sterile. The width of the fertile district is from 400 to 500 mile., of the sterile from 300 to 400 mitre The surface at this inactiltieable region. along the routes generally travelled, is .lady, gravelly. end pebbly It supporta no trees, except a few willow, sod cotton-words along the streams, to which merquita Is sided to the southern latitudes The grass is .parse; numerous varieties of caque are abundant Portions of the river bottoms (where the lolls of the different °trate tecome mixes, end where water con be had for irrigatioul are, to a limited eetent, cultivable The minor etrearns frequently disappear in the .ands. On the western border of the plain the mountain rice abruptly from it The routes explored by the Pacific Railroad parties entered the mountain region through the lowest known paves. whose altitudes vary from 4,00) to 10,000 fret chose the Nen The mountain ridges and peaks ri.o those these pastes trees 1,000 to 0,000 feet Nearly the entire distance to the Paeide is occu pied by mountains separated be desert plains or basins The two great chains forming the east and west border of the mount tun region e the greatest elevation, hi cloeing, a, it were, the others Client aridity and •torilit, characterize the nionatam region, except ttu Pacific slopes of its yrrst..rti border, and generally the aspect Is dreary and 141olAte in the estrouto. To be sore, it the foot of then extern slop, of the hi;,,lieit mountain chains and spurs, fs ride •oil. sod the means 01 irrigation. ere often found And there are small mountain valleys that aro cultivable, and also river bottoms, but the Oaths may be callrl barren, en•d, with rare odeeptons, the cult can only be culls. sated alien the meant of Irrigation are at kind. Ores. -lonalle belts of forests are found an, ng the moon tales, teat the Instances are eck,ptionel. rho great °unlit. able belt, including plain and mountain rs gum, thiough w Lich all routes to the Pa cific must pass, has a width neat our northern boundary of 1,100 miles; in latitude 33 deg , of 1,200 miles, and nor the sonthrru boundary, of I,o® nines, The length of the roads through the belt is of course greater Over nearly thin whole region, and over distances quite as great as these, the quartermaster's department 19 called upon to furnish transportation and supplies for our troops, who are keeping up a continual patrol of that vast territory, ani a great portion of the time en gaged In warfare with the numerous and hardy savages who range perpetually over those boundless wills. heavy expenditures cannot be avoided In the quarter master's department an long so we keep up a military organization in the West. I have the honor to be, rery reveettully, your obe dient neryant, JOHN D. FLOYD, Secretary or War. To the PRP , IDENT OP Too CNITED STITIS. Max Maretzek narrowly escaped being im prisoned in Havana. It seems that the rules and regulations of the theatre provided for a certain number of seats to be kept for sale every evening of performance ; but Max had disposed of them all to subscribers. The authorities brought a suit against him, and he was condemned to pay a fine of Soo and to go to prison besides. The matter w as compromised, however, by Maretrek giving an extra night every week independent of sub scriptions. Single seats and entire boxes, taken up by speculators, have bean 3011 at three times the regular prices, although these were already higher than last season. A tailor offered to Ms retzek to work for him gratis for the privilege of obtaining a seat, which ho would of course have paid for as well as every one else. The seat be longing to an Individual killed in a duel has been disputed by several Persons calling themselves his kvlrs. son= TO CORRatrospium6 Ootroapondonts for Tic Ihsevi will plow twat Is mind the following robs ivirry cosomunkittali mid be •00ant th• name of the writer. In order to Inoue eoeresimeme or the typography, bat am aide of • ain't ahonht he written aeon, We shall be greatly obliged to gentlemen in Penal* Tula and other State* for contributions giving the ow nut awe of the day to their pinkishr loisalinee, the resources of the PIIIIVIMUng wintry, the Lyman of population, and any Information that will be Latetesting to the general reedit GENERAL NEWS. On Saturday afternoon last, a young lady, named Miss Margaret MeGrann, died very sudden ly at the residence of her father on the Petersburg turnpike. Just a few minutes before her death, say! the Lancaster (Pa.) Inland Daily , she com plained of a pain in her far, and immediately after she fell upon the floor; she was then raised up and laid upon the bed; alarmed at her ap pearance, they made an examination, when it was discovered that the spark of life had fled. The deceased was about seventeen yeses of age, and from her modest and - gentle deportment attracted a large number of friends around her. She was buried on Monday afternoon ; her funeral was very large. William Pagan, a mulatto, former steward of the barque Pentucket, h as been arrested. charged with being one of the parties implicated in the late robbery of $lO,OOO, in doubloons, stolen from the Pentacket, at New York, a few days since. He wan foun d by two detective pollee A cme at Farmingdale, L. 1., where he had we cceded in getting up the imprestdan that he was a runaway dare, end was fast gathering about him a host of earneet sympathisers and f riends. Ile had In his possession $4,000 of the stolen money. He has been looked up for trial. George Randolph, a nephew of the celebra ted John Randolph, of Roanoke, who died In Charlotte county, Vs., on the 4th Instant, was the lest in the line of the Randolph family. Ire was born deaf and dumb, but was highly educated in France. On returning home to 'Virginia, in 1914. bo beard of the hopeless Hines! of his brother, at Harvard College, and immediately became de ranged. Front that time to the day of his death he is 8111:1 never to have known a lucid Interval. The Message started to California for the use of the press of the Pacific side, by the last pre vious steamer. It was duly sent off, says the ,Washington Star of Wednesday, on the day be fore yesterday to the postmasters of the different cities, so that it might be delivered to the press in their reach at that time, as soon as the earliest news of its delivery to Congress could reach the various cities, per telegraph or otherwise. By a table published In the St. Paul Pio - ism-, it appears that the present has been the shortest season of navigation on the Mississippi to St. Paul for fifteen years. The river closed on November 14, having been opened only 198 days. The usual average is about 225. - Nevertheless , the trade has been larger than ever before. There have been 1,028 steamboat arrivals, which Li doable what there were two years ago. The tavern known se the Halfway House, situated about sixteen miles from Montt Holly, New Jersey, on the road to Cedar Bridge, was burned to the ground on Fridny night last, and lidut. Clevenger, who occupied it, was burned to death in the building. From some circnmata•eea, it is supposed that she was Ant murdered, and the building then tired. On Sunday night last an old man, a flatter man, named George Moore, resident near POI!. buten Point, In Monroe county, Ohlc, was brutally murdered by some party or parties unknown. The old man Is supposed to have bad about ib) In his possession. A man named Cline has been arrested, charged with the crime. On Saturday Thomas Mutiny was crushed to death in a yawl, between two tteareboatserringim together at the levee, at St. Loais, Me. He was aged thirty years, and leaves a wife •nd two children. A. steam boiler, in the foundry of J. 11. My rick, at Lowell, Mass., exploded on the 47.1), killing George S Potter. the engineer, and badly Injuring wen persons The building wee meth chattered Oa Sunday night last - a successful attempt was made by some burglar to eater the watch end jowelry store of John Felix, In Oilutabia. Pa., from wbicb artioles to the eStlmated value of $2O woes taken. William Tracey WIS drowned in the Monm gahela river at Pittsburgh. on Tuazlay. lie lovas a wife and 11ra ohildron. Mr. John Gordon wal robbed of Sl,Ctr3B, at the Virginia Hotel, in Jeffenon city, Me, lest week. Benjamin F. Ileiller, a printer, trent Potts ville, Pa ' died 'coin a N, in New Orleans, an Mon day week. . THE COURTS. EMI= [Reported for The Prem.) Patus--Judge Thompson --Catherine Me. Mahon, by her next friend vs. Samuel W. Cotten An action to recover damage for injury sustained by the plaintiff, by reason of negligence or care lessness of defendant in keeping two faroeiona dogs. The facts of the CB3O ara, that on or about the first of May last, defendant, living on the Ifad- passing efendan "a lonia -.• the evening, wins the dogs ran out from the bone into the road. end lacerated her arms, breast, and, other puts of her body in a most horrible manner. It was in evidence that other persons had been attacked by the dogs. Defence, that them were not Mr. Cattall's dogs; but if they were, Mr. Cattell bad no knowledge of their disposition to "attack and bite mankind.," On trial, 4 E l'. O'Neill and M. Veale, Rum., for plaintiff; IfeElroy, Hsi , for defendant. If. S. CoxxissloNEß a OFTICE.--Colmallitioter Hemlitt.—ManassaPece was charged before Com missioner Haallitt with dealing to counterfeit coin. Joseph Roberts, one of the constables of the Eighteenth ward, testified that on the eighth of October, be, with his deputies, went to the house of the defendant to arrest him and search for counterfeit money. When they got to the house the defendant was not at home, but arrived before the officers left. He was attested, and upon being searched en imitation $5 gold Piece was found upon him, and a number of bank bills, some of which are said to be counterfeit. Price was taken to the office of Alderman McConaugh,y, and the charge of dealing in counterfeit money was preferred against him, which was dismissed, as Roberts alleges, by the Alderman for want of ju risdiction. It is mated that Roberts and a person named Chesterone have been bound over on tha charge of larceny, in stealini Price's money. Al derman McConanghy testitle that no counterfeit money had been produced at the heating before him, and that he did not dismiss the ease for want of jurisdiction, but for want of testimony. The case was adjourned until this morning, in order to have some further testimony. DISITICT Cot - or--Judges Sitar-mood, Stroud, and Hare —Yew trial motion list. Cosmos PLEAS—Judges Thompson and Ludlow. —The court was in session for a short time this morning to hear some matters of no public interest. QRARTEE BMW :SS—Judge Allison.—Terence Mullin plead guilty to an assault and battery on Mo'arren. Bentenced to pay costs. Terence Carroll was convicted of an assault and battery on his wife. Ordered to pay costs, give bail to keep the peace, and one month's imprison ment. Bernard Donohoe pleaded guilty to an assault and battery on J. Scanlan. Sentenced to one month's imprisonment and to pay costs. Bernard Donohoe was convicted of an assault and battery on James Harbeson. William Gurney was convicted of the larceny of a watch. Sentenced to one month in the county prisms. Leeis Ciller pleaded guilty to the larceny of a pair of shoes. Senteceed to four mouths in the county prison. Eliza Higgins was convicted of the larceny of clothes. William Bails was 0011CiOlea of the larceny of a pair of boots. William Gurney Will convicted of the larceny of nineteen dollars. Sentenced to nine months in the county prison. William Wharton was cenviatsd of an assault and battery on Pat Bradley Joseph Walter was convicted of the larceny of mackerel. John Smith, alms Thunderbolt, was convicted of the Inrceny of Broome. Sentence deferred. 131= DETRIIIIER 10th—Evening.—There it very little change noticeable in Breadstaffs tisoday, but tha market continua+ dull and prices favor the buyer ; about 1,200 bbls. Flour only have been disposed of at 55 for superfine, erd 85 25 for extra ; a few hundred half bbls were also sold on terms kept private ; holders at the close being free sellers at them rates. Nothing new in Bye Flour or Corn Meal, and the prices of both aro Mealy at ,S 4 25 for the former. and $3 rar bbl for the latter. Wheat Is but little inqulred far and oni,y abcsd, 1,900 bushel; red Lava teen E.:11 at 51 04 far common, SI 1:s fsr good Souti.ern and Nan- Imtnia red, 0 busbel , lema Tr out :zee r t 01 Is, and taus Sc , uthern whits at tl $1 22, meetly at 1$ for quality. Can is dull, with but little detomtlil shipring. nboLt 2,200 bushels Jersey yeticw brought 21e . 1 96.3 bushels Delaware do , the later nicer, and 1.1)00 bushels old and net, mix , i at !!.2at.;5.: ; old Corn is rinsileable, as I rovicti. qaotstiar:. Oslo sell qlowly, and only clout l 340 go-A Southern has e been ( 1i:1K-el at ,?3173ic Rya is inactive at 7,:ss for Delaware. an for Pennsylvania. Bark meet; with a steady demand at $2O for first quality No. 1 Quereitron; the stock is light and holders Oros at this rate. Groceries are quiet; an auction of Coffee. about 1,400 bags Rio, cause off to-day, and brought higher prices, ranging from 91 to lee.. 60 days and 4 months, showing an advance of fully jc. on the last sale; nothing doing in other articles worthy of notice_ Provisions continue dull and unsettled; stacks are accumulating. and the demand is limited at former quotations. Seeds not much doing; Cloversml ii selling as wanted at $5.2.5a5.3i'1 from first. and ssr - SO per bushel from second hands Whiskey is doll ; sales ranging at .21a2,1e. fir bbls , 22c for hhils., and 21r for dredge. HOGS AND CATTLE AT CINCINNATI, De& Sth.—The market for Hogs has not changed much during the week, though it has been quite irregu lar, and the business done has been to a great ex• tent confined to drovers, and of s speculative character. The receipts have been fair, chiefly from Kentucky, as the number received from this State, Indiana, and Illinois has, .f , .) far. been un usually small. The changes each day were so un important that it is needless to 3 pecify them. The closing rates are about tie same as they were at the close of our last review, $540.15 being the range for Hogs averaging 200 to 240 lbs. In the market for Beet Cattle there is no chants, anti we oontinue to quote , 11.4a-T3.4 Fel' Cwt, iris a; the :rule,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers