The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, October 07, 1857, Image 1

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T „ E- , •I - ss ,
STUMM DAILY, (SUNDAYS IiXOESTDD,)
;!;:13Y,'Jf)11.,N., F,l) NE Y
, -rho 41Y citniumur srikET,
. . , •
PAW'S,
Twayrr , oarie - »s Wear, payable to , the emulate.
Milled to Subeeribers out of the Otty, at Sts Dott.lue
nwAirsaitr lOUs DoLtAtte won Amur ifourue; Teen
Dothies roaltic Mena; Invariably to admits for the
time ordr4l.,
TjtI.,WERIELIVPILESS,
igibitbitbabeeribere out of thnOlty, at Tanen Doi,
ken 4eeol, in ;armee: • ,
I9EttLY PitESS.
~, w isavr.Pasos will be pent to Oubeoriors ,by
mail, (pet annum; in sdnanee,) at $2 On
Tyro•Ctoples , +( , 606
_
—cOopleib • "
7 - tilibiireir, , .s , . it , ~ . II
00
Teneropltt --„,.. 'I - ", ',. J 2 00
Twenty asides, " ..' ~ (to one addreas)..;, 20 00
TwentrOopieS, Or over, 14 -(to addreas of each . •
ettbseriber), snob '. ~.„ 120
Nor in Minot Twentpone or over, we will send an
elite sepy•to the getter.up of the Club. •
1D Postmutera are requested to sot u Agent" for
Tail Wainx Pans, 4 , 4 ',, ..
THE OtEArgsT AND BEST
WEEKLY NEWSPAPER IN THE COUNTRY
OR/IAT risIDUOEMENTS TO CLUBS!
TEE WEEKLY PRESS is published from the City of
Philadelphia, eyeryßaturday:' •
It in conducted upon National principles, and will
uPholdehicrightSof the dtates: It - ivifl , reeled fanati.
ededilii'!evely*Pe i and *III Ve divoied to eeensere-'
selke:d4ri*Le the , true foundation of public Pros-
Pittl.#:l#:, o6 o l , l eider. , such . a Weekli , Journal , has
ions bees desired in, Rio United States, andit ill to ire
tify this vap.tiA thittTßl4 WERKI PRESS is published
TUN ViIIIKLY PRESS It printed on excellent white
paPii,ilear; new typo, and in. quaztetorm, lei binding.
Itiontible ill the Rainier the day; Correspondence
from'thilEd 'World and the New . ; Dotoentio Intelli
depdtlporta of the -verb:ins Markets ; Literary Re-
Tleir4' . iseeliiineOus Selections; the progress of Sgri
onlier4kiti nit Ite yarions departments, &c, do,
IMllern4 s inviolably in adratice: , ,
Ilpir IIiTEOLY MSS *CI be aent'to '.' • , ,
4 „ P
--
beti, ii,f,mall, at , ,',-- ', '.i s2Oci_per siintun,„
4 - 1 1 .1 , Mu r •C i l l iftb,” ° l ie , 4 4"
, .':‘,c--',-;,',7 , R• Cl f"-; -f ' .::' • •
sta 1 1, 4{Ck7:1205.4A r i , f l:i ii , :.'. - '
, ils:74(i7eilienfi4;:i4 .ipreiore4o itena fan;
eadteß tt=
:iteas.egettek4P otthe Club , ~ i ,--', - , ,-;.--, -.
Ot f
wpoli;el' ; - - "
t.wlll Jutilimit a great fiver if my pcditical and per.
sonWfilendeiand all others who' desire o'firsh dab
Weekly lieWipiper, will effort fhertioelVeorb,give Tit!
1104 Y, PRESS r/ brio cironh4ton in their respective
neighborhoods:. • . • =
—JOHN,IY t FORNEY,
Eaitpr.4, 4 4,p,rppideter.:
pubitookuou office of TELE:WSKIELY PREBB, No. 417
Olopiitoint Phitidelphis;',:= ,
Et't Vrtss.
liitiOr4gD4,l4 OCTOBER 7, .1867
:DEMOCRATIC ,NOMINATIONS.
GOVERNOR.
wlLLtem,r.,PAiaKEix,
OP ZTOOMING 00MITY
JHDGES OE THE BIIPBEME COURT.
14 7 1114TAM-13 1 11,i9241r, BEin CldtatTr.'-
.TAOO3 got
!iittioioomitisloNzE;'
ripOcip supunAND;
CITE NOMINATIONS.
SICICILTOR,
Amer
1144 . 0*; ,T.
ABBIZYBLT, •
I Jorcitexeir,r,
I GMO. H. ARMEITSONA.
RIEDE
J. C. 14110TATitler,
0 : Icl')?P.14.04.11:1
CITY AND COUNTY.
aimOun ororroomor 07 ocontor rum,
JAM ':R.' LUDLOW'.
,•••••"' , ONIATOin, 1
" ' .1.- , 11AR8111.111.
itzde.roirut •
Isiror•
;
itsirstr zoitaAtr.'
740770NOrAirr or rairotararoi 00777,
JOHN' P.. W'PADDEN: '
or ilackc ' otrii or IPJAR7BaSsiitoss,
zOrrpn orrooisr.r. '
ooroira,
rlsrrzirm.`
' •
ASEWUBLY,"
Joint it, wieLLs,
norni DUNLAP, •
JOHN NDLLOY,
A. ARTHUR, " • •
701171 DOUNIR7,
war DormiLLy.
.751 . 1166441itT0N,
113U2111,
An*
J 91111,11- 74. DOZINELTIT,
VOID: M'ciaprz.
2 . 01#11,111121D, IiAREIt4T,
JC131110.: "
• . ,
' :
tindee,Tizima contains acco unt
the' ',mining , of a new hrldge, over •what is
caliiid :the of Dee;', in . 00:actittish
highland's, ;Mar" Balineral,' the , pr4ient
resi
dnitenir' . Qtteen -Victoria - and •her fatally. It
la, atitleivai4e4ll - ,that " , fronlhe - ;'ciOa ‘ oettin,
brldge.Tha Oorditess Of Fife, and Vistionntilltio
duff stood; the latter' with n silver 'salver; four
glasses,: and a ant . all
,decanter with 'l , ahisity„"
The ,Queen,, we are further teddy gciind the
Piiileioonstirt.' proceeded 'beard the bridge;
Aijesty,iiotia pleased to partake of a
glass of whisky, drinking 4, Success to the
riew,htidge, in 'which' toast the'Prinee perisort,
tie 'other Memliqrs.of trio. Royal faMily,: and
the 'distinguished guests "'present - heartily :
joined._,,The" then walkod to the teile,
leaning on the axm of the Earl of Fife, imrtoole
of smite 'refreshment, and `soon "after left the
*ens amid the, cheers of the people. The
seine altogether waa'one of an imposing elm
r!tuctei‘i and will, long be remembered the
eon* Of -Mar." •
Of Ychurse; as Royalty gives the. example
and leads ' 'the Aistilon;
‘ Whiskiidrinking will
speedily hecome the fashion among the I!aist
toi'.:istiiii6'of•• England: They' risaY dud: it
ritheY,lditliefilt; at drat, 'to. accustom thein
selvestV swalloWing the liquor neat, but use
snakes perfect; and: they will . take very kindly
to ,it ; tieo.',llOubi; after thne. •In ininess of
time, perhaps,' -the British fashionable ladies
pOcket-phitols with
‘ them, 'Charged
with ,Glenlivet, or Innishowen. If they are
umiak) aceustom themselves to take the
(the, Qneeeprofers itwithout
losing fidelterated. by, water,) we recommend
Fatherlox's recipe for punch-makingito their
notice'. -' It raps thus i FirsCput in • the
whisky; then put in the sugar ) and every drop
of I,4atti ' dfter t!tiq spoils the punch."
Drinking 'neat :undiluted Whisky, seems to
run in •Queen Tioroitia's family. In A141.1.8t,
1021 when her uncle, (George IV.) visited
Boubiln,.an immense crowd accompanied him
to . tho Tied -Royal Lodge. Standing on the
sdefit'ef,.;:that - Mansion, the King drained 'a
bumper of whisky to the health of the people,
atidletamd upityspedeh with'the recoMmenda
tion.:ttuktheY should - drink, his health In a
glass of.whisky.pruich that. night,- as he cer
4itily, Stititdd think theirs: ,Qiin en Vicious:l,
•Wef,4iii;" follows:suit, end takes he'r Spirits
without Water, • - • - • • •
feistier years, when:illicit distillation Was
very rife in-Ireland and Scotland, large veldt.
ties of whisky Were niade, bearing the, poetical
name of "mountain dew" in Scotland, while it
called gopotheen/i in Ireland. • While whisky
on which duttWtis, paid bore the appellation of
‘..411.44 . 0itt'i the ruitaxed inonntain dew and
potation were known in Scotland and Ireland,
tut - #Riteen:s lirldsky.7, It was a prephetic ong
ioineitt-,-4hough little did those who used it
nritteipids that the time would crane, when a
seal ltve ; reigiting ! gticen wonld Aid pleased
*partake 6f a glass Of whisky;'? in presence
taflteritiring Subjects, and afterwards go into a
teffi, - to 4ePtirtake or eente :refreshments,"---it
being understood, we believe, that: refreshment,
in Ifia9l4t c ase, equivalent to our, ova delicate
'Word vitae. '
.19144 tenpetance societies say? Par
itenhikfr '-ivhen ,a'
tinOot only, the 'Queen,
iiilititta , Pirtitko of a glass - of whiiky, , ibut'
11114 folleiving her example,' her ;husband and
4004 (described as Odle othe; piercherit'of
Mai Family") are duly reported , as
4 chtarlily 'pined." '
CON/RIDENIDE-AN INCIDENT
An indolent' - that occurred in this city,' in
887; hoaO . Oooil ah illuatiation of the value of
eentklince in money, as.in all other matters,
that it 'May Well be repeated.'
,An'''elderly,
Pkanch gentleman, haying ten thou4nd dol
ttri which he'had loaned to a merchant, on
elm& interest ? wee panic-ill:tick ' . iikeothere,
44444 npon lily debtOi. - end',pelitely de= J
Maiaded - cpajinent, certalnly,v Bald 'the
;? l e/1 1114 x-PftrO. IPA9.* - .4enlPer ? , (draw a
cl m Myer Ar.—OraPnen for, them:and
Vhirlrenotimareilookeir , lunnised, :
4 4,1.0,04 040 1 0* Said , !:``.4fitre.Piarget
this money ai,ai . + beitainly," said the mew!,
cinUit,V*Unditiady to pay
# . . ! 'W. - :41.4A :- .4 4 ; WO:4 I A ; 3 0'44. 1 0; 41
was j iiiney twamant him ;i hut It ybu nb hatei
dirlOptott,p *ow iditkAvidt", anti`
money with, the in_ef!
tuni6cessary.: ~!
. 4 5 , f , •
4 '441: *m, `bi0,461,: AP, 0001004 Up
Chatlott., N. 04,dietriot . - ht cameo :two ten*
uth latirNilidlttfOrialresiiktvitd u few
1'4114
11 4 0 11Llvitat the vehicle in whioh be elle:iPridlik:
ht? 7eareef age.
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VOL. I-NO. 58.
PROSPERITY AND PANIC-No. I'3.
NEW YowK, Oot. 5
The chief value of money, if not its only value,
is derived, from "parting with tt." Of all species
pf property, money is per se the most unavailable.
Hence,' in times of Commercial cenfidenoe and great
business activity, it becomes apparently abundant
from the rapidity' with' which it circulates. It
passes from hand t 6 hand,' transferring goods, dis
charging obligations, and cancelling accounts with
great facility, 'When, however, distrust, arises
from any cause,,either the fear of decline in prices
of leading commodities, or of the solvency of some
probtilere, the 'current of activity is at once check.
ed. ThePasseaSors are too disposed to hold, the
current of circulation is checked, moves along
quietly, and finally stops• altogether, funds hiding
themselves in the safes of the holders, who refuse
to fend qputqhase, the usual supply is cut off, and,
without any'imprOved demand for money, it be
comes so scarce as to be without the roach of many
WU, in the ordinary course of business, had pro
mised to deliverit. "This is what has happened
this fall, and although all descriptions of wealth
abound sufficiently to Meet all
,obligations, money
alone is not to bemlitained. , It seems to havo,drop-
Ped out of the oink, paralysing business.
Thegreateststuirifices in goods and property aro
made to obtitin it. Thus good State stocks have
fallen 20 per cent, in value. The last bank stocks
that pay. 10 percent. dividends, and show 4 value
of 1106 n the books, sell at 40 per cent. discount.
fiferchanditiosur money brings' 20 a BO per cont.
lit'th*T! '1 .6 14; 4r oni - .•
~ 0 : 444. " 1 4 1 4* * 44; ,a,15 below the specie'
yalue. -'traduce drops 20'per cent. in a few days:
All tlieSekaciineeii Show not that -general capital
iseearee, or that:theta is anyiehere any inability
to 'pay, but•simply that money has lost its circu
lating. power for the' moment. •As a matter of
coarse, there requires only td
,be a lapse of time
autfielent 'to make these Prices known in thoSe
oiroles untainted by the fright, and money will
flow hither in a deep and strong current to rectify
this anomaly. Already it is stated that one Can
ada bank has ordered to New York $500,000 in
coin, for exchange operations, 'and the knowledge
of the fact is reviving courage here.
, The moment it is perceived that money, from
the'dearest, is to become the cheapest of commodi
ties, a rush to part with it will succeed the present
desire to hug it. The New York Stock Board gave
sign of this disposition on Monday morning, under
the, arrival of the California specie Many de
acriPtions 'luso rapidly. Illinois Central stock wont
up from - 64 to 91,-,a rise of 17 per cent.; and other
stocks, not actually failed,.in proportion. Ohio Cs
'rose 6 per cent.;•PennsYlvania, 8; Delaware and
:Hudson, 5 ; New York Central, 6. These figures
sorra only to shiny bow great a roaation is produced
by the slightest return of confidence, And this
has 'been caused, immediately, by the arrival of
"the' California 'steamer, with one and a quarter
Ikons; the news thats376,ooo gold, on board the
Central 'Arierhia.wlts owned in Bngland; that the
People of California had voted in favor ef , paying
'the State debt;' that three more of . the passengers
'of the Centritleirieslieve beau saved. This is
nil cheerful mews; coming on the heel of the
fact that Saturday, which had been looked forward
to as a great pay day, passed without disaster,
gave a spur to the market. Neiertheless, it is
not true that any 'very extraordinary amounts
Accrued. on. Saturday ; but the moral effect is
the same,-since no disaster occurred.
The hanks 'of .the neighborhood have been
strengthening themselves with' specie very much
'at. the expense of the New York banks, which, be
ing strong, it is of course necessary that other c 14 3-
,ode-paying banks should be strong also before they
hoginMueli to expand.
The New Yorlr.,qity,bank return is as follows, as
!compared leith last week': •
• , Liana:' ", Specie. Circulation. Deposita.
'80pt.20,1007,701,483 $18,827,000 87,838,008 $73,315,611
lOot. 8, '405,90,499. 11,400,418 • 7,010,102 07,038,001
DeM l'l ,./. 86 q1 9 U:: 11926`;682
This rota= took thestreet by surprise It indi
;mites the- large• payments of Saturday, which re-
Idueed the loans through the application of aeon
'ululated decline in specie is caused
partly by sending it 400,000 of doubloons to Havana,
and by the drafteofneuntrY banks. • Boston and the
,Hait bete strengthened Ithernielves a good deal at
! the, expense of the New York banks,' whiCh do not
press the , Boston banks for balance , they being at
this moment, net in want. The gold which earn()
in Milay irons California restores the amount in
the , Hew Yeriebanks, l easda is understood that the
ordered
Sere in'gpld:Tilitilke,bllei4 done by Fargo,
and others,', The 'isffeet, ef the statement Was a'fall
in stooks artorit WAS known, but without any last
ingeatieen. Since theihnds New York has, it is
contended, will bring all bank when wanted, as a
general; thing, the tone of the market is much
better, notwithstanding the unexpected bank state
' ment. • ;,
COMMUNICATIONS.
LETTER FROM AN OLD CLAY MAN—NO. 3.
[Tor the Prowl
There is a hope on the part of the combination
party that the excitement artificially kept up on
the lianseS,question will tend towards the election
of their candidates, many of whom have undoubted
claims upon: the votes Of the Abolitionists, and
thesis *he wo U ld , sacrifice the prosperity of Phila
delphia to , the :negro' mania which prevails with
certain persona; Whatoter may be the insincerity
of Mr. Wilmot on the' protective tariff question, I
oestrus thatbe semis to Maintain great consistency
'on the question of 'Abblitionism ; but r am also
iniund to think that Many who now accept him on
Mae account,were some years since bitterly hostile
to him for the dofenee of what he considers` a prin
ciple of htunanity, but which they then denounced
as ridiculous, unnatural, end eminently injuri
ous to the interests of our Commonwealth, and es
pecially of our city.
On' the , eubjeot of the Nebraska movement, I
saw, I thought, in the repeal of 4he Compromise
great injury, and I,vras ready to hope that the
measure would not succeed, because it was inju
rious to a compromise; but it did mimed, and
those who, in good faith, opposed the measure, felt
the mortification of a defeat of their wishes, and
some of them of their efforts. Since that time,
the Supreme Court of the United , States has ex
preseed opiniOn that the whole Compromise was
itself urioonstitutional, and that opinion is in no-
Cordinoe with the view which the late Judge Bald-
Win, of the Supreme Court, expresied while be was
a member of Congress in 1820.
, But the fooling which animated the opponents of
the Nebraska bill in Congress was ',Changed by the
revelationif'thistiot that the part of those who
were united to oppose the bill wore not hostile to its
passage, and that was niade manifest by the treach
ery, which they exhibited when the test vote was
applied, and, theY, were found 'voting with the
friends of the bill, and this, by their vote, admit-,
ting, Nebraska, .and, .as they had said, violating'
the Compromise of 1820. This he artlessness,'
this treachery; opened 'the eyes of those who had ,
truthfully and sincerely stood by the Compromiie ; ,
and subsequent events proved the utter Insincerity
of many of those who since that time have been'
Making an eutc7:'about I , bleeding Kansas."'
That'a Man'yotes With'a Pitty'le not a prod that'
the party sustains, hie Views 'hut when that party,
takes amen for its leader and , principal candidate,
we Nava a right to suppose that, on the , question at:
issue in'this-eahvass, and c onduct meet
with their approval. ,
Now, we all know that since the passage of the;
Nebraska bill, Mr. Bauka has bean the pet of the'
party that makes such an outcry about the wrongs;
done in violating the 'Conipronsise ; and yet you
knew, Mr.' gditor, none better - than you can know,
that it Was the vote of Ur. Banks and the small
band of pretended anti-slavery men, that passed'
that bill. :iron know that a few more hours of ris.j
sistinsee to:the:motion that kept the Nebraska bill
on the Caleiadar would have defeated it altogether
and you know that after thirty-six hours of con-'
stant Milan and steady voting, Mr. Banks and
his friends voted for the motion that allowed that'
bine vane -up but of order;' awl with a know
ledge thatif it did come up It would be passed:
into a law.
Now, Ido not say that the vote of Mr. Banks
'and his co-laborers was not correct; it may have
'been given fiom the same motives that actuated the,
majority'; hut this I do say, that accepting honors
upon grounds of being of the party that approved,
the bill, when ho'and they might have defeated
-and giving to those who have carried tho;
condemned-measure, shows the entire insincerity,
of both , party , and candidate upon the question
which they think at issue, and disgusts that close
of citizens who try-to do what they think right;
and'preient• what they think wrong. If these gen-;
tleman did not think' the gabliiiks bill (which te
o of ocurse t the, origin of the Kansas
,movement]
Might not to,pais,. then Amy 'Mould net, by
o b a nge,ef votes, have assisted, It tin pass; and
having. assisted to produce the veryvteteof things
• whioli, they_ now pretend to condemn, they should
"not outrage ptiblio • eintiinent by condemning that
Whielithey Assisted proenre.
• ~
2,ltit. Were . o:9,iiiipther view: Itie "said by some;
diet the real autillaVerY people , wanted tho bill
to PP, that they might have some new capital for
au opposition-party, and, finally,, those who dealt
tioachereasly with the opponents of the Nebraska
bib ) conimittedthat treason with a view of passing
in their opinion, must be unpopular:
radnOtliratind to be well informed In the onside•
try of such politicians ; but this I say, that if they
did do what they denounced as an immitigable
evil to the country, in order that a little good
might come to a party of which they intended to
make themselves members, then, whatever grati
tude that party might have enlisted for the treason,
common deeeney should have induced them to con
demn the traitors, as Great Britain does with Ar
nold.
It is such dealings, such manifestations of in
sincerity, such palpable hypocrisy on the part of
the conglomerate party, that has disgusted the
thinking portion of those who held, at ono time,
opinions quite opposite to this which you profess,
and led them to wish for the triumph of a ticket
that shall ho the defeat of such dodging politicians.
The efforts of these persons assisted to elect the
present Chief Magistrate of the nation, and they
aro anxious that the good which they proposed
to the country in the exertions to elect Mr.
Buchanan should not bo lost by a presentation of
side issues and appeals to fast•{vaning prejudices.
They prefer the sincere, straightforward course of
a party, whose measures might not be all eon
sistent with their preconceived notions; they pre
fer the Successor that party to the triumph of asso
ciated faetionists, who promise to every section
opposite measures, and who are banded together
upon motives hostile to filo letter and spirit of the
Constitution. They know how superior to a mea
sure of policy is a prinoiplo of Government.
AN OLD CLAY MAN
The Present Condition of the Banks—the Cause
and the Remedy.
For The Press.]
If a steam engine does not work right, or fails
to perform its operations satisfactorily, the first
thing the engineer does is to look for the cause.
He searches minutely every part until ho finds it,
and is then prepared to apply the remedy. So
with our banks : they are in a wretched condition;
Screws loose everywhere; valves and joints out of
order, and steam at the lowest point. Now, what
is the primary cause of all this state of things? I
have not yet seen it mentioned anywhere. With
our bountiful harvests, abundant supply of coin,
and the state of exchange on Europe indica.
ting speedy and largo imports of specie, all the
theories put forth to account for our present trou
bles are entirely insufficient ; neither have we
the poor excuses and subterfuges that were so sat
isfactory to many in former days to account for the
samo state of things, viz : " removal of deposits . '—
" specie circular" sub-treasury"— " tariffs,"
do., do. There is, unfortunately for our financiers,
no "scope goat" of that kind now to avail them.
aloes of. The cause will be found, primarily, in
the general want of intelligence—the absence of
all science, and want of knowledge of political
economy and sound banking, on the part of those
who govern the banks. As far as my experience
'goes, and I am familiarly acquainted with many
of them, there is, perhaps, not ono in ten that
knows the distinction between capital and credit,
between money and bank notes or bills of credit,
and aro utterly ignorant of the drafts on the com
munity of the transactions of their boards. They
are good at that Bildern of " espionage" which en.
l ables them to know whose notes aro good and
whose are not, and in this they suppose consists the
;whole art and mystery of banking.
For the proof of all this let the following facts
,and figures speak—they "can't lie."
The annual report of the banks of our State,
`made to the Legislature, November 1155, shows
'this state of things :
'Circulation $17,362,345 00
'Duo Depositors
Total immediate liabilities $43,885,265 33
To meet this large sum, subject to be milled for at
any moment, the same report shows that all the
banks of the State combined possessed over $5,
'973,138 77 of specie and specie funds.lWhat these
specie funds are is not very elear,but let that pass. To
meet this liability all the other assets of the banks,
though applicable in time, are of little or no avail
in the event of a "run" or sudden demand on
them, which they are continently liable to, and
should always anticipate and bo prepared for.
Tho banks have, I understand, generally adopted
orate (all wrong and fallacious) of keeping the pro
portion of one-fifth (20 per cent.) of specie to meet
their circulation and deposits; hut,'according to the
above figures, they have violated their own rule,
and gone far below the proportion they have them
selves established. This reckless disproportion of
each funds to meet present liabilities shows a
hair-brained, dare-devil, risky state, of things that
plainly points to the source of all our troubles.
Whathist bankriiptey: could be expected of any
merchant, with liabilities matured, and payable
at 'any moment, on demand; of $14,000, should
ffs beprovided *int only $6,000 Co pay 'them, tat
his other assets out of his reach ?
Exhibit the annual report of our banks to any of
the intelligent and galantine bankers of Europe.
What would be their astonishment? They would
have pia at' base what must inevitably follow, and
has followed, the stated' affairs as detailed in that
report; and they would' have unhesitatingly pro
nounced our bankers erasy—" mad as March
hares"— a reckless, "devil-may-care" sort of
luau, and would probably attribute their course
fo that peculiar rashness of our national character
which leads us to risk our'lives on rickety rail
roads and steamboats, by which so many of us aro
being continually sent into eternity.
With a knowledge of the state of the banks as
detailed in the annual report, bow easily and
naturally is their present condition accounted
for. They aro wretchedly weak—the merest trifle
starts a run on them—the people become alarmed
and call for coin—the banks cease to discount—•
the panic increases—to use a common phrase, the
"money market becomes tight,''—the depositors,
seeing profitable• chances for investments, call for
their deposits—these deposits are loaned out and
must be collected with great rapidity and severity ,
the banks, of course, unable to render the usual
assistance, thus it goes from step to step, ruining
thousands in the process.
The cause of this miserably weak condition of
the banks has its origin in the short-sighted policy
of making large dividends for the moment. Per
manency, stability, future consequences, nay, even
their very existence under the not of Assembly,'
aro all lost eight of in the ono grand object of
making largo dividends for the time being. This
is the secret—this is the temptation—the canoe of
our present difficulties—and this temptation I pro
pose to remove.
The banks have forfeited their charters. and are
at the mercy of the Legislature. If they aro to
be reinstated or re-chartered, lot it bo upon the
condition that hereafter all their earnings over
and above eight per cont. per annum shall bo paid
to the treasury of the State, and thus take away
from them all inducement for undue expansion in
future. V.
, BANK NOTES OF OTHER STATES.
[For The Frees.]
The experience of Pennsylvania proves that
State legislation cannot be made effectual to se
cure a specie currency in the common transactions
of business throughout tho Commonwealth. Sum
marily stated, our laws are as follows:
Our banks aro prohibited from issuing notes of
less denomination than five dollars. This is a wise
law, and easily enforced. In furtherance of the
policy on which it is founded, the act of 16th April,
1850, prohibits, under severe peeuniary penalties,
the issuing, passing, exchanging, or circulating the
bank notes of othei States of a less denomination
than five dollars, The fiftieth section of that act
makes it a misdemeanor, punishable by indictment,
tad.) so, and very expressly makes it the duty of the
Courts of Quarter Sessions, grand juries, consta
bles, and peace officers, to see that this law is en
forced. This, also, is a wise law; but it is habitu
ally disregarded in almost all parte of the State,
especially in the border counties. The joint ef
fect of the two laws, then, is simply to create a
vacuum in the small currency which, to a conside
rable extent, is filled by small notes issued by
banks in other States. Thus the policy of Penn
sylvania, which is indispensable to the well-being
of the people, is defeated by the bank influence of
other States, and the condition of our own banks,
in times of commercial pressure, rendered worse,
without essential benefit to the people. A few
words will entries to show this.
The circulation of the small notes of banks of
other States, in effect, withdraws from the Com
monwealth a large amount of specie, which would
otherwise find its way into the vaults of our
own banks, and thus enable them, in times like
these, to sustain a pressure. The small notes of
other States, by reason of their minuteness and
wider dispersion, cannot be gathered and returned
to the banks that issued them. Indeed, the pro
hibition on our banks to, receive and pay them out
snips up the most effectual channel through which
they could be returned. Another consequence is,
that a perfectly sound bank in Pennsytvania may
suffer severely by a pressure which a weak and
even unsound bank, in another State, would
scarcely feel. In this chiefly consists the advan
tage the New York banks have over ours. The
securities they give to the State, it is true, give
confidence to the patio that their circulation will
ultimately be paid; 'but these socialness Bra not
donvertible, at a ,moment, into specie, to meet a
emand for specie on their banks. They under
stand perfectly that by making the bulk of their
issues in small notes, and scattering themes widely
as possible through their own and other States,
they will prevent a run upon them, mop for
notes of larger denomination, for which chiefly they
provide.
Such, then, is the state of the case, and the ques
tion is, what is to be done? Shall Pennsylvania
abandon her polio, and adopt that of the neigh
boring States By no moans. It is a wise policy,
directed to a beneficent end— It is worth contend
ing for: liar true mule is to remove, if possible,
the obstacle in the way of her policy, which can be
effectually done only by giving Congress the power
to legislate in the premises, by an amendment of
the Constitution of the United States.
PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1857.
THE LEGISLATURE.
For The Prose.]
The most plausible and offeetual plan which I
have seen for the Legislature to act upon, is em
bodied inn letter signed " E. M.," and inserted in
the North American, of Saturday. It suggests
four measures, as follows :
I propose that the Legislature shall pass a law
in the nature of a contract with the banks, embo
dying the following provisions :
First Lot the Legislature suspend, say for two
years, the operation of the penalties incurred by
the banks Crone the recent suspension of cash pay
ments.
Second. Let it repeal the tax now paid on divi
dends, and authorize the banks to charge seven
per cent., instead of six, on all paper they may
discount, and on all money they may loan in any
other way.
" Third. In consideration of the privileges thus
conferred, let the banks be required to pay the
State this additional one per cent. charged on their
discounts and loans, either in cash, or in State
stock at par, such payment to bo made quarterly
on pain of forfeiture of charter.
"Fourth. Let this contract continue in force
until the whole State debt is paid off.
• "There are important considerations in connect•
lion with this proposition, some fewer which I will
briefly mention.
‘‘ Such a law cannot be repealed by any subse
quent Legislature. It will bo a contract, with a
full consideration on both sides. It will instantly
relieve the banks, and the community through
them. Tho former will preserve their profits un
impaired, while the State debt will bo paid off in
twelve years. State stooks will rapidly rise to par.
Taxation will fall annually as the debt becomes
reduced. No one is required to pay seven per
sent. for money, but those who borrow of the
banks. These borrowers will receive some equi
valent fox the additional ono per cent, by the re
duction in their :taxes. The bank discounts
throughout the State amount to at least five mil
lions weekly. The paper thus discounted will
amount to $280,000,000 per annum. One pet cent.
on this will amount to $2,000,000, and a clear in
come of this kind will wipe out the State debt in
twelve years.
" I have no time to amplify, and leave others to
add details. here is a clear and comprehensive
financial remedy, healing in its character, objec
tionable to no class, and affording to Pennsylvania
an opportunity of shaking off her enormous debt
such as she has never had presented to her If
your banks would go before the ,Legislature with
a definite proposition of this kind, I cannot conceive
from what quarter the opposition will come.
These suggestions aro entitled to consideration.
I would amend the first by legalizing the suspen
sion for one year instead of two. Tho second I
would modify by retaining the tax on dividends;
but would permit the banks to charge seven per
cent. instead of six. The third and fourth meet
, my hearty concurrence, as well as that of every
ono with whom I have convened upon the subject.
There is no reason why the banks should bo releas
bd from the present taxation, because the ono per
cent. additional which they aro to charge is to be
paid by the borrowers. It is therefore no charge
upon their profits
The writer of the article signed " E M." is,
however, mistaken in his estimate of the receipts
from the ono per cent. fund. lle makes the dis
counts of the banks five millions per week, or
two hundred and sixty millions annually ;
which is greatly beyond the foot; for he should
have perceived that if the discounts are, what he
assumes them to be, that as the paper will not
average loss than three months to nun, his estimate
must be reduced about three-fourths. Yet, if we
eon get a certain fund of $050,000 per annum, ap
plicable to the extinguishment of 'Um State debt, I
shall consider it a great achievement, and shall be
satisfied that many of the present generation will
see the whole debt extinguished. I would also re
quire that the banks should make weekly state
tuents of their condition, which should be published
in at least two daily papers of this city. I would
also require all the banks in the State after two
years to keep specie—one dollar for every three of
their circulation and deposits. The last is a most
Important measure, and will go far towards pro
tecting the public against bank suspensions. The
Louisiana law requires one dollar of specie to two
and a half of liabilities. PENN.
Philadelphia, Oct. 5, 1857.
[The above communication contains many
most important and attractive suggestions, and
wo have asked cc Penn" to give us his views in
support and, reply to "E. M."J
20,622,020 30
CORRESPONDENCE.
PHILOSOPHY ON FOOT--No. 1
[o4rreeposAme of no Press.] -
' BORTON, September N.
Now that railroad etoebs and bends tirtritaii4
and banks are suspended, Philosophy, too, may
step out of the cars, contract a little, and go oa
foot. Why not W ere there not the ancient and,
honorable Perlpatetics?
Last night at Musical Nall was a concert by the
Germanias, fifteen cents admission—that large hall
filled with not a fashionable but a respectable au
dience—the merchant, tradesman, mechanic, and
workingman. Could any other city turn out such
an audience to such an entertainment? It is the
result of years of training and cultivating a musical
taste and patronizing musical talent, until
musks has become not only u popular luxury,
but a popular necessary; and now Music , is
enthroned among the household gods; and with
ouch a divinity at home and in the human heart,
What family and what man is not protected against
soma lurking, over•wakeful demon, somewhere
and somehow concealed in the dark hiding-places
of his nature or of life.
This world-moving, world-regenerating Puritan
mind—stern in its resolves, Eighty in its action—
still retains the great elemental principle, the
iron, untamed, unconquerable wilt, now inflamed;
by fanaticism, the fiery and heroic assailant of
Southern institutions, and, through thorn, of the
seared Union; and pre long, when this dark and
fearful night of delusion shall have passed away,
and the milder, holier reign of truth and reason
shall dawn, how the thrones, and temples, and
sceptres, and idols of insane or knavish usurpers,
and uneanctified priests, shall bo demolished and
buried in infamous ruin ! Thu generous and noble
Puritim nature, true to truth and justice and its
own mighty will, will rise above the mad orgies
of infidel fanatics, and of Christian infidels, and
make amends to their injured broths-on of the
South. The day is not far distant when the
emancipated Now England mind will not only
bow to the highest authority, and advocate the in
stitution of the South as sustained and sanctioned
by the Pablo—no longer denouncing his brother as
the man-stealer and the murderer, unfitted for
the privileges and blessings of the Church, and for
the kindly and gentle amenities of the social circle—
but seeking in a true Christian spirit to correct its
abuses, to circumscribe its power for evil, and to
elevate and encourage all its influenee for good ;
and to cheer his brother in the lot whore Provi
dence has cast him; to meet his solemn responsi
bilities, and to respond to the merciful design of
our Common Parent, to elevate and improve the
condition of a fallen and degraded race. If his
brother has in any way abused and prostituted
this institution to selfish and unworthy purposes;
if he has fallen short of the divine purpose of its
establishment, instead of joining the hue and cry
of the infidel dreamers and the reckless destrue-
Goulds agiinst his own Puritan Bible and against
the Declaration of Independence, the great first
born of that Bible upon our Western shores, and
against the Union, which enshrines in its heart of
hearts that Puritan Bible and its snored boon,
"the right to worship God;"—this same Puritan
nature, presenting in ono character the brightest
group of human qualities the world over knew,
will yet income the advocate of the institution
per SR.
And the dawn of truth and reason may com
mence in New England. whioh must yetooeupy the
mind of the civilized world, wherever the Bible is
respected and cherished. The Bible will yet vin
dicate itself sooner or later against all the on
slaughts of infidel fanatics, which have derived
temporary power from false and spurious philan
thropy. Whatever Providence has established and
ordained fur the humors welfare lie will sustain; if
an institution be prostituted and abused, lie will
rescue it and reform it to its original merciful de
sign; if assailed, He will defend It—and sobers the
greatest amount of human welfare requires its ex
tinction Ho will raise up soon, end moans to extin
guish it, but sooner or later He will vindicate his
own truth. Whatever may have boon its abuses,
its errors,•its sin and guilt, He will yet place it in
its true light before the world, as one of his own
institutions for the best interest of a degraded race ;
and the day is not far distant when the tide of fa
natleism in New England will be arrested, and
when the misguided mind and heart of Old Eng
land shall bow to the authority of the Bible and
shall see, recognise, and revere its true teachings.
What a glorious homage to the Truth will that
be! 'What an eloquent and generous vindication
of our Constitution and of our Government! What
a spontaneous atonement to our brethren of the
South !
Mem. Mistake No. I—The great error in the
slavery controversy has been, not at once, frankly
and boldly, to base the great title and claim of that
institution upon the Bible.
Mistake No. 2—A failure to concede Its abuse,
in many Inatanom just as the church has been
abused by selfishness and hypocrisy, and just as
marriage has been abused by tyranny and by in
fidelity.
Mistake No. 3—A failure to concede that the in
stitution may not be perpetual; but circumstances
may require that it should be supplanted by a dif
ferent Institution.
MADZSON.
EptEISIEN'S PArtADF..
As ftill'a4 bet:trate no was our report of the
brilliant display mode by the Fire Department
en Monthly, wo weic, iievertheiess, compeller to
emit a number of scenes and Incidents that came
under our immediate dotice. We endeavored to
do justice to all the companies that appeared in
the limit of the parade, and we have every reason
to believe that wo were successful. At an early
boor th the morning the entire edition of the
Pnesa Was exhausted, and we were thluotantly
compelled to witness numbers of firemen who cacao
after rape's leaving our office with the assurance
that none could ho had. We give below some elo
iinent uresentation speeches, which a press of other
natter excluded from our colonies yesterday. The
involve and handsomely chased silver fire born
latesonied to the Columbia Engine Company at
ttheted much attention. It was carried by Mr.
William E. Yeager, the gentlemanly president of
the company. The apparatus of this efficient
erganitation is vary creditable to its liberality It
was rebuilt in the fall of 185t1 by Mr. John Agnew
The body and gallery are made of mahogany,
beautifully polished and striped with gold. From
the aide panels are extended n superb set of lamps,
l.urtnounted by a spread eagle:
the front - panel is the date of institution in
gold lefty's, and on the back panel the date of cor-
Oradell. The wheels and foot boards are' painted
claret oolor,and handsomely striped with gold. The
boars noted as marshals on the occasion of the
parade, the President, W. B. Yeager, as chief mar
shal, and C. Simon, Vico President, as assistant
Marsha. The members twitted out over fifty able
bodied,and good.looking men, and, with their new
pad saimerior equipments, were a great feature of
the jaarade., 'They were accompanied by the Liber
ty
,
Presentation of a Banner to the Indepen
fleets "ire. Company.—At an early hour on Mon
day morning, a largo assemblage mot in front of
the Independence Fire Company's Engin° Ilouse,
aVe pnng (loran and Twenty-fourth streets, to
witness the presentation of a beautiful banner to
company, on behalf of the ladies of Fairmount
and vicinity. It was adorned by an elegant and
Welbelecuted' painting of the signing of the De-
Ovation of Independence, and contained an in
scription on the reverse stating by whom it had
been, presented, It was constructed of elegant
white satin, adorned with silver fringe, and a
liberty imp gracefully surmounted it.
In, presenting it, A. L. Snowdon, Esq., do
livered the following graceful and appropriate
liptioeb
; Mr. President, and gentlemen of the " Indepen
dence Fire Company," I have the honor of present.
ing'in you, in behalf of the ladies of the Fifteenth
ward,,,this most beautiful banner, as an evidence
of their esteem for you as mon,and of their grati
,tude toward you as the protectors of their property
and their lives. To do justice to the occasion, and
to the feelings which prompted this noble gift, and
to you, gentlemen, us the members of a department
.which commands, by its work of love and useful
nese, the respect and gratitude of every good eiti
;zen, would take more time than you would bo wil
ling to spare on the morn of this gala day, and
i mbue ability, I fear, than I would bo able to bring
to 'the task. But, gentlemen, I would be untrue
;tole% and to toy own feelings, wore I to leave an
; occasion like the present go by without glancing
As a moment at sonic of the pleasant memories
that gather orotund the name of," fireman." If
?could be silent I cannot forget that from your
,ranks have oome forth men, who, for high, noble
hearted bravery, have never been surpassed, if
equaled. When the shrilll notes of the bugle
pemlatin the approaching conflict—when the
.clash of remanding arms mingle with the
liattle-cry and aro echoed over the plain—the
award may become a hero, and die nobly in do
flume of hiscountry's rights. With the fireman there
.are no such incentiaes to bravery, for often, when
intidnight darkness hangs over the world,and in
,nOtenee and beauty are calmly slumbering in fan
cied security, the flames gather around them—the
warning bells sound the alarm that property, nay,
;more, human life is in jeopar dy—thei fireman is
wakened from his pleasant dreams. Ile forgets
'self; the stormy night, with its cold winds, and
snows, and sleets, are unheeded. Quitting his
warm bed, he rushes to where human life hangs on
his efforts Hero, if it can be found no where else
in the wide universe, may bo soon trite, noble,
self-saertflein y bravery. See hint for hours war
lug with that most terrible of elements. Without
a hops of reward, save nn approving conscience,
while on his right hand and on his left are dangers
innumerable, _see him rushing, its thousands have
done, into the very midst of the devouring flames,
determined to rescue its victims or else become,
as alas! too snowy have, the victim himself.
These aro things I cannot be silent upon.
These are memories that a grateful people
can never fotgot But not alone in memory are
these noble deeds perpetuated for this bright
morning, from one and of this mighty Union to
the other—nay, all over the world, uucontlned
by national boundaries, the glorious sun of
heaven gilds andglitters the monumental pile
that records the noble deeds of the man, while it
marks the spot where the " fireman" sloops. Such
Men are living to-day—such, I doubt not, there are
among you ; for what nation can boast of nobler
Sons then aro the free-born of thisprosperous end
happpland? And if the nation hes them, what
Elate has more right to claim them than the Key
stone? In that long and arduous struggle °Gen
f:et to the Declaration of Independence, what
tezw-ore firms aVel true than ours? And often
e nee Las she been weighed In a balance, but never
'ona wanting. And if such mon are to be found
BYhe Keystone, as Ib 1,911,
low they are, why nut
in thi s place, where freedom found her first foot
hold—this holy spot, where liberty and inde
pendence for the first time spread their broad pin
ions to the breeze? But, gentthmen, I must hasten
to a conclusion Let me, however, before I dose,
admonish you that while this banner will ever be
with you as a token of regard and friendship, let
the amine so vividly portrayed upon, it be ever
cherished in your memories. Let the principles
that were that day promulgated be held forever
sacred, for what should bo mere dear to us as
Americans than the day and the deed that broke'
the bonds of our servitude and made us freemen's
And remember, gentlemen, that while it is your'
duty as firemen to protect the lives and property '
of your fellow-citizens, it is as imperatively your
duty as American citizens to sustain and protect
the Constitution of our country. Let us, in coin-'
iron, gather around that sacred legacy, and with
warm - hearts and strong hands determine to stand
with it, or, if must be, fall with it But we will
not fall if we aro fearless In the defence of right.!
The same strong arm upon which our fathers
leaned will sustain us; and when life's fitful dream
Is over, there will bo those following us who will
be able to say, as we wore, "They have loft us
unimpaired—beautiful, glorious, as our fathers
left it"—
E. my
" A Union of lakes and a Union of hinds,
A Union which none should serer bands_
The Union of hearts and a Union of hands—
The nag of our union forever."
Hewes replied to, on the part of the company, by
J. L. Dingwall, Esq , who spoke as follows:
Sir: I have been requested by the members of
the Independence Fire Engine Company to perform
the pleasing duty of returning to you, and through
you to the fair constituency you have so eloquently
represented, their sincere and heartfelt thanks for
this magnificent banner; and also to express the
high degree of admiration excited in their breasti
alike by the beauty of its workmanship, the tile ;
gent manner in which it is adorned, and the pecu.
Harty appropriate and marvellously well-executed
design by which it is embellished.
This fine painting faithfully represents and
vividly recalls to our memories the greatest and
noblest political act ever performed. Since the
world began no other representative assemblage
graced its proceedings by a deed at once so coura
geous, so patriotic, so beneficial in its effects, so
grand In its nature as that we see portrayed before
us--as the stern resolve of those fifty-six immortal
patriots to pledge their lives, their fortunes,
and their sacred honors, for the redemption
of their oppressed country from the thraldom of
tyranny, for the establishment of our national in
dependence, and for the erection upon the virgin
soil of America of an altar to freedom whose genial
glow would Blume the pathway and brighten the
destinies of all her inhabitants, of millions yet un
born, and shine as a beacon light of hope to down
trodden and oppressed humanity in every quarter
of the globe. That event stands out on the pages
of history as the proudest she has ever recorded.
It can never bo forgotten while the human
race retains a spark of manly feeling. It will lib
gratefully remembered long after the memories of
haughty dynasties, and all recollection of proud
courts, now revelling in the greatest splendor ty.
trannical exactions can sustain will have been utter
ly swept away and destroyed. It inaugurated anew
era in the destiny of man—filled him with now
hopes and aspirations, endowed him with new pow
ers, and breathed into him new life. It broke the
charm of kingly rule, and taught the citizens of
America to stand erect in the image of their Crea
tor, to know no allegiance, save that to t r heir
country, and no master but their God. Thu Decla
ration of Independence plead with magic eloquence
the 0111180 of an outraged people--excited the com
miseration of the civilized world, and, like a fire
bell in the night, roused up the sturdy sons of Ame
rica, called them to their posts of duty and of dan
ger, and sent them forth to the battle-field with
their arms nerved for seta of matchless valor, wills
their hearts strung for unexampled endurance and
deeds of wondrous heroism, and with the watch
word " Liberty or Death" burning upon their
tongues.
Well, indeed, may such a scene claim for its
commemoration the brightest inspirations of the
artist. Ile could not have selected a grander
theme, nor ono better calculated to rekindle pa
triotic and ennobling reflections. As this beau
tiful banner is borne aloft in the magnificent pro
cession that to-day will light up this city with a
blaze of artistic splendor, it will command univer
sal admiration, and glitter amid all the gay throng
as ono of its most brilliant ornaments. When the
eyes of the thousands of spectators who will line
the streets and crowd the dwellings on the
route of the procession will behold it, and
see the majostio frame of the immortal Jef
ferson, the benignant countenance of the philo
sophic Franklin, the features of the patriotic
Adams, the profile of the bold Hancock, as well as
the counterfeit presentments of all their gallant
compeers, beaming upon the canvas with the Datil
minces of life, and grouped together in one grand
Olean of patriotism, their memories of the heroic
kir of America will bo quickened—their deter
mination to 'preserve unimpaired the blessings
achieved with such great sacrifices and sufferings,
will be strengthened—and their hearts will be fill
ed with a hope that they may not prove unworthy
citizens of a nation which owes its origin to so me
morable an not of wisdom, and of fearless devotion
to the cause of right and justice and the best inte
rests of mankind.
Beautiful and appropriate as this banner is in
itself, however, its value is enhanced ten-fold by
the fact that It bas been received from the fairer
and bettor portion of creation, from " heaven's
last, best gift to man"—from those who throw
around our pathways in life the brightest haloes
that illuminate them—from those who alleviate,
our griefs in the hours of affliction, and create our
best enjoyments in the days of our prosperity—
from those who are our guardians and protect
ore in infamy, our most oherished companions
in youth, our solace, and comfort in old age—from
those who are ministering angels when pain and
anguish wring our brows; warm aympathisers In
our moments of vocation and trouble, and faithful
and unchanging friends in every phase of our vary
ing fortunes. When men win the approving smiles
and kind oneouragenients of lovely women as a re
ward for their humane exertions they may nett be
proud of that high honor. No encouragement
could bu more gratifying. No testimonial flow
any other source could bu so welcome. No ether
token could he as powerful an incentive ns this
will prove, to the members of this company to
faithfully, zoilously, energetically, and fearlessly
discharge their duties.
Again I thank the ladies of Fairmount need
earnestly and sincerely for their gift, and regret
that I can but feebly express the deep feelings of
gratitude it has excited in the hearts of the meat
hors of the Independence Fire Company.
I fool assured, however, that their actiors will
spook the sentiments they cherish ninth more elo
quently than any poor winds that I could utter
would portray them. In the future hours of dan
ger, that we cannot hope to avoid, when the terri
bly destructive element which they have united to
combat shall break forth in unrestrained and fear
ful violence, threatening the property and the
lives of their fellow-oitizens, and lighting
up with its lurid glare a funereal pile of
havoc and of desolation, they will bo found
promptly at the posts of danger, sparing no
energies nor exertion , . sacrificing ease, en
during hardship, braving peril, and, if need be.
risking life itself, to atop the dreadful ravages of
fire. And in the midst of the wildest excitements,
and the thickest of the conflicts, they may wage
against the raging flames, I feel assured that the
recollection of the beautiful present they have re
ceived . to-day wilt nerve their arms with new
strength and vigor, infuse into their frames addi
tional powers of endurance, and Wolk the tide of
Sturdy courage that inspires their hearts in their
battles for humanity. That banner will be to them
whet to the warrior is the colors of his regiment—
what the eaglet, of France were to the legions of
Napoleon—what our own bright stars and stripes,
when they wave out in all their resplendent glory
on the field of battle, aro to the bravo soldiers of
America. And this company will feel that such
an ensign must not. will not, shall not be dis
honored while they have strength and life left to
discharge their duties, and to show that they are
worthy recipints of such an offering from such a
source
GOY. 'BIGLER. lIN_DEPLY TO JUDGE
WILMOT
The following extracts from the masterly
speech of Senator BIGLER, delivered at Clarion,
on the Bth of September, will be read with in
terest by his numerous friends and admirers :
" I bold that, under the Constitution of the
United States, Vii) have no right to meddle directly
with the question of slavery m the States whore it
already exists ; it is a State institution, and can
only be controlled by State laws, and we in Penn
sylvania have no more right to legislate for Vir
ginia upon the subject of slavery than Virginia has
the right to legislate for Pennsylvania on the sub
ject of our public schools. But in the Territories
the question is different. The Territories are the
common properly of the Union, and we have the
common right to control them."
Then again, spooking of slavery, ho says.
" The question is no mere abstraction, nor is it
simply a question of right and wrong, a question of
morals; it is a question of vital practical import
ance, which lies at the foundation of everything
valuable to ns as freemen."
Touching the bred Scott decision, ho remarks •
'• And as I am on this point, I wish to say that I
bow to the bred Scott decision as a matter of law.
I raise no arm against the law, and I would never
advise any ono to do so; but there is no law on
earth which can bind my reason or my conscience
I can and will think and vote for what I believe
right.'
Now us consider the doctrines of these quo
tations for a few minutes. In the first ho soya
we have no right to meddle with shivery in the
States whoro it already exists," but that "the Ter
ritories aro the common proporty of the Union,
and we have the common right to control them "
In the second he presents the effects of Slavery at
"vital practical questions. involving everything
valuable to us es freemen." And in the third ho
'aortas us that he " bows to the bred Scott decision
as a matter of law "
Of course I agree that we have no right to inter
fere with shivery in the States; "but bowing to the
Dred Scott decision," how does Mr. Wilmot pro
pose to reach the institution iu the Territories '
What becomos of tho " common right" of the
States to control its existence? now can that
right be brought to boar? That decision defines
the Constitution to mean that Congress has no
right to legislate on the subject for the Territories ;
that a congressional interdiction against its eaten
sion is unconstitutional, and Mr. Wilmot agrees
that the decision is law ; then what of his common
right to control it in the Territories, and of the
" vital practical questions" he has presented for
our consideration
Now this is the point to which I wish your spe
cial attention. Though acknowledging in his own
peculiar phrase the binding enacts of the decision
of the Supreme Court, Mr. IVilmot is very careful
to coronet the influence of that decision upon his
position and arguments. Ho has not told tho people
frankly that by virtue of the decision he so reluc
tantly recognises as binding, slavery in a Territory
is ahnest as completely out of the reach of the
people or the Government of a free State, as it is
in the StataufVirgirds. Ile dare not be explicit
on this paint; for be would thereby illustrate the
utter impracticability of his doctrines on the sub
ject — indeed, his whole theory goes to pieces at
this point, and ne must conceit as
much as possible the effects of this deeision, or tan
deceptive character of his speeches would become
so transparent that he would be obliged to abandon
the dismission entirely.
Bowing to the Dred Scott decision as matter of
law, it will not do to say only that " Pennsylvania
has no more right to legislate for Virginia, on the
subject of slavery, than Virginia has to legislate
for Pennsylvania on the subject of public schools."
Mr. Wilmot cannot stop at this point; he must,
and does, virtually agree by that " bow" that nei
ther Pennsylvania nor Virginia has any right to
legislate for Kansas or Nebraska, on either subject.
and they have no power to interfere for or ago t
the institutions of the Territory directly or indi
rectly. The citizens of each may go to Know,
and when bons fide residents, they can give effect
to their will. no and I can do this; but as cif i
sons of this State we cannot influence the question
in either Kansas or Virginia. Prior to the Dyed
Scott decision, the Republican party contended
for the power of Congress over the subject in the
Territories ; but that decision has settled the quo!:
lion against them, and has closed the last channel
through which the free States could reach the
question It has swept away the entire stock in
trade of the Republican agitators—the Missouri
lino, the Wilmot proviso, and every other scheme
of Congreselonol interference.
They have no occasion longer to seek even the
election of anti-slavery noon to Congress, for that
body cannot touch the question. Their long
cherished business of agitation is the fitness of Mi
Wilmot's inflammatory addresses about slavery,
to the exclusion of every other topic. Having no
power over the subject, it cannot be of vital prac
tical importance in Pennsylvania, unless, indeed.
Mr. W., in his feverish sensitiveness, has allowed
himself to conclude that some " dough-faced De
mocrat" in obedience to "the slave powers," 1,
about to propose to re-establish the institution in
this State. Until this bo done, the question can
not be so practical as ho alleges. But is it not
singular that Mr. Wilmot should seek to agitate
the public mind in behalf of measures which have
boon declared unconstitutional, and to which de•
cision he agrees? What can he accomplish by such
effort? Though he could convince a majority of
the people that the measures would work practi
cal good to the country, the Constitution, until
changed, is an unsurmountable barrier to their
adoption Would it not bo wiser to accept the
philosophy of the trite saying that "it is usele...l
to cry over spilt milk ?" When the election is
over he will need the benefit of some such reflec
tion, for I think hie chances are bettor to become
the successor of Judge Bullork than of Governor
Pollock.
I do not mean to say that the candidates for
Governor may not proporly allude to the subject of
slavery; but Mr. Wilmot insists that measures
which hll`lo been declared unconstitutional shall be
recognised issues in the Gubernatorial contest, and
eonttnues to discuss these measures as though they
could be made available to the country, and insists
that the people should take one side or the other.
He says that slavery is the only question involved,
and so far declined to speak on State questions at
all
Ho says that Virginia has the mine right to in.
teller° with our public schools, that Pennsylvania
has with slavery in Virginia; and that is true;
but did it not occur to his mind, at the same time,
that It would be a most singular, if not ludicrous
spectacle, to witness a candidate for Governor in
Virginia resting his claims to popular favor solely
on his views about public schools in Pennsylvania,
and confining his discussions to that topic alone I
Why, the people of the Old Dominion would get a
straight jacket for any man who might attempt to
play such a trick before high Heaven. And what
would Pennsylvanians think of such impudent in•
terferonee ? They would most certainly invite the
Virginia aspirant to take care of his slaves, and
leave the public schools to them. Mr. W. would
bo sure to do this, and yet ho talked for hours
about Virginia negroes, and said not one word
about Pennsylvania schools—so determined does
ho seem to rest his claims on questions belonging
to other States, and over which his.hus no control.
Perhaps his friends can explain all this, but I
think I can safely assure hint of ono thing; if ho
does not got more votes in the States where his ad•
dress would be appropriate than in his own, he
will bo badly beaten. He will be almost convinced
that ho has not only boon speaking for other States,
but running for Governor somewhere else than at
home.
Mr. Wilmot's prompt recognition of the binding
effect of the Dred Scott decision has certainly sur
prised and disappointed some of his fanatical ad
herents. But they should notice that ho dare not
raise his voice against the Constitution, when ask
ing to be permitted to take au oath to support it
That ho has yielded reluctantly, and with exceed
ing bad grace, is evident from tho low terms in
which ho impugns the motives of the Court. Ifs
says "it is easy enough for the executive to
find corrupt ludgee to carry out corrupt
designs." This is coarse, exceedingly coarse,
scarcely allowablo in a common -plow poll
tician, and certainly inadmissible an a condi
dato for Governor. Very many who intend
to vote for the author of this base allegation
will despise his foul assertions. Even they will not
agree that it is becoming in David Wilmot to warn
the country against the corruptions of James Bu
chanan and Boger B. Taney. But in his anger
at courts he has gone out of his way still further to
make an onslaught upon the integrity of the Su
preme Court of his own State, and broadly alleges
that its decisions are often contradictory, and it is
common talk among the bar that a decision must
be revived every five years to hare a binding
effect. The courts should take warning, for fail
ing to be Governor, ns this gentleman certainly
will, ho may still retain the office of Judicial
Censorian.
Fearing to repudiate the deeidon of the Suprento
Court in express terms, many of Mr. Wilmot's
3ohool of politicians aro industriously engaged in
efforts to destroy the confidence of the public In
its integrity. As a mans of doing this, they aro
TWO CENTS
in the habit of expltiatilll4 on the extraordinary
circumstance that the ordinance of 17s; should
have been declared uncontditutionat at the end of
sixty yearn after its adoption. awl the illittsouri
Vempromise so &elm - ea after 11,10114 for
ne.trly forty years 'they a ertatnlvlin..w that the
o r di„ d n e , o r in did not tonicits authority
from the present Constitution--that it was the nark
of the Congress of the old Confederation, and teas
agreed to by the States, and nte , merely pet petua
ted under the pi e•ent Constitution. as a measure
which the States had agreed to This item of bbt•
tory they pt o'er to suppretts. •tt that the IlPtioll eC
the Court may recta more strange They know,
too. that the ,Ili-souti Compromise ea , uu arbitra
ry arrangement batmen the North and Sttuth,
forced by an exigency that endangered the pracc
of the conntry.and that itsconstitutional authority,
though constantly denied by taut) , wi.e statesmen.
had not beau directly tested prior to the late deci
sion.
The history of the renowned Proviso is re-written
in this speech. and Mr Wilmot has manifested
special delight in exhibiting what he considers the
ineonsistenems of the Democratic party on this
subject, and more especially those of General Cass,
Ilona Richard Brodhead, and myself. Ile alleges,
in substanee. that if the General h td voted before
he reflected, he would have gone for the Proviso,
and that Mr Brodhead had said he would vote for
it if °tiered to the proper hill, and that I bud been
very careful to record my name in the affirmative,
when a similar sentiment passed the State Legisla
ture. The eourse of General Ca-a and Mr. tired
head needs no explanation or defence at inyhands.
Their sentiments are too well known to the coun
try to , be successfully- uoirepr,entml. And, in
deed, admitting all that Mr. alleges. I do
not see that he makes out an, ntaa's destraetion.
The wisestlmen in this nation have often been
wrong in their first, impressions as to expediency of
suddenly proposed measure, and to he mistaken
en a constitutional question is no uncommon thing
among able lawyers. As to the Pennsylvania 5000-
lution, it certainly did not receive that considera
tion to which it was entitled Ido not believe it
was under consideration in the Senate exceeding
one-half hour before it passed finally. ,Por
I knew but little about it until it come from the
Douse of Representatives, the day it pa-sed the
Senate, and had only thought of it as an abstract
sentiment against the Requisition of territory, with
the view to the extension of slavery, and as affect
ing the question of peace with Mexico. As a pro
position involving the rights of the States and the
powers of Congress, Iliad at that time given it no
thought Itetlection upon these things soon after,
and long before I knew that Mr Wilinot intended
to press the principle as admissible olneli applitd
to territory which had been long prey iuusly ac
quired by the common blood and treasure of all
the States, without any such original condition,
convinced my mind that its practical operation
would do injustice to the slaveholding States, and
I discarded its doctrines entirely. Four years al'•
ter the advent of the Proviso, when the Democratic
nominee fur Governor, I certainly was not charg
ed with a want of sympathy for the South.
The reverse was the constant allegation of cry
political enemies The execution of the fugitive
slave law, and the doctrine of non-intervention.
were topics in that contest, and I advocated the
affirmative of both on all occasions. Mr. Wihnot
himself publicly dissented from these joints, at a
meeting in his own town, where oe stood face to
face. But it is of little moment whether I hare
been consistent ur not. I trust I may be always
more ambitious to be right, and never vain enough
to pretend to great wisdom or foresight. If I the
not mistake the meaning of the Proviso, when first
proposed, I certainly misunderstood its author, fur
I thoughthim a Democrat, and he has turned out
to be anything else. But has Mr. W. relieved his
position by what he has -aid on this point ' If it
even bo true that certain Democrats inclined to
favor the Proviso before they had discovered the
wrong, ho was not thereby warranted in sustaining
it when the injustice of its practical workings had
become apparent by discussion, and especially
since it hos been Almn to be unconstitutional
But this candidate and his party are great on
consistency. They are in the habit of arraigning
Mr. Buchanan, Judge Douglas, and other Demo
cratic statesmen. on the charge of inconsistency,
because at one time they sustained the policy of
settling the slave controversy by a geographical
division, and have since embraced the p,,liey of
referring the question to the people of the Terri
tories, to he settled as they deem best. There is
very little sense and le.s patriotism in such criti
cism. Thu whole history of the subject shows that
the controversy, at the different periods when the
excitement attained to a dangerous height, was
treated as a subject of compromise—implying at
once the concession of principle and peculiar
views. Statesmen and patriots felt required to
yield much, is the way of opinion, to secure
the peace of the country. Mr. Buchanan favored
the Missouri line so long as the policy of settling
the question by territorial division was main
tained ; and Mr. Douglas, in .1818, proposed
to extend the parallel of that line to the Pacific
Ocean, as a final adjustmentof this dangerous feud.
But the very men who now, and since 1815, have
not ceased to bewail the abandonment of this poli
ey, were united in their opposition to its extension
and perpetuity on that occasion. They repudiated
it, scouted and reviled it. Another mode of set
tlement became absolutely necessary to save the
country front civil war; and that of non-interven
tion, as now found in the Kansas law, 17/1.3
adopted in 1850, and is maintained by the states
men I have named. What IneepSiSteney is there
in such action? And what Is to be said of the sin=
eerily of those who continued to denounce the
Missouri line up to the time of its repeal /—that
party who in Connecticut hetet James Latira:ln in
Isaac Tolleey near the
same spot for voting to repeat
to reject the principle in 1838 They are not in a
condition to talk about consistency. Raving so
enTlßpireql against this mode of llNUAllanit, alai se
cured its overthrow, they now have Mr, Wilmot
engaged in a clumsy imitation of Mark Antony
with thedead body of Ceesar, by toting the ladle , '
remains of this unconstitutional measure from
place to place over the State, giving utterance to
his deep grief in pathetic appeals to the pas,ion.
and prejudices of the people, to draw down their
vengeance on the destroyers of this once favorite
scheme.
TIMELY AND HOPEFUL ELOQUENCE
The following extract front the late speech
of lion. CALEB CUSHING, at the Agricultural
Fair, at Newburyport, Mass., abounds in the
noblest and most opportune eloquence:
Tho United States, at this moment, ore passing
through what is called a financial crisis--a strin
gency m the money market—a panic -terror in the
ranks of business men which shocks and disturbs
all the relations of commerce and of exchange.
Happy, at such a time. are you. the oultivatose of
tho land, of that boon, mother earth—alma
genes ri eh. so long as the sun shines, and the
refreshing rains of heaven fall. and soed•timo and
harvest succeed ono another, ii the only certain
and exhaustless home of the prosperity and great•
nes:, of men and of mitiuns.
Ono of the 144 isest of the present eceneini:ts 4 f
Franco, when reflecting on the 10--es nhieh that
country has incurred by calamitous river inunda
tions, by the waste of life and treasure in the war
with Russia; by successive year. of deficiency in
the grape and other crops; by the dispropoi twit
ately high price of the necessaries of life, by the
tendency of the population to accumulate in mi—
ehievous multitude's in the gie it cities like Pori ,
and Lyons; by the admitted physical deterioration
of the inhabitants, and by the iturnen-e sliest er
of revolutionary eons visions and tanguitiary cis it
conflicts occasioned by the chronic struggle be
tween traditional public institutions and Utp pion
schemes of Socialistic change in the conditions of
the human race—reflecting upon all this, I say, he
consoled himself by the further reflection that he
might look with undoubting confidence for remedy
to alt this in recuperative poserof the soil and
the agricultural population of France
How pregnant with suggestion is that thought to
us of the United States at the present time' Not
uonoLrlard,mup
that of u"h"eii
osiealundationsaralur.otZr:p;,mrt:
neutralize the labors of man; not for us as for her
has the best of our blood and of our resources been
squandered in sterile wars of pride, caprice, of
national jealousy; not along our sky. as in here,
has the avenging demon of domestic discord pass
ed, shaking from beneath the thunder-cloud of his
black wings the lightning shafts of revolution and
civil war, in terror and desolation upon men's de
voted heads; not among us, as there, ma redundant
population pont up in over-crowded cities, and
condemned to extort front a long-tasked soil its
unwilling yield ; but instead of all this, we have
never-ceasing terrestrial productiveness, unbroken
dementia peace, institutions strong in their well
ordered freedom, and this rich country of ours to
cultivate and to occupy, with its glorious forests,
its fertile prairies, its flowing rivers, its inland
seas, its metal-teeming earth—in a word, this. great
land, in all its untouched native strength, as it
Was on that 'first holy Sabbath of the Creation,
when, as it bloomed and smiled in its maiden
charms beneath His well pleased eye it was declar
ed to be good by the Omniscient Mind and Omni
present Voice of the Almighty.
If, then, it, can be so truly said in France, she
has a sufficient remedy for all, even the greatest
calamities, in her agricultural resources. how much
more confidently may we look to the Caine quarter
for relief for whatever there is most unwelcome
in the commercial crisis,
which, at the present mo
ment, afflicts the United States Ido not hesitate,
therefore, to say, that in you, the landed interest
of the country, is to bo found the solid substratum if
our material welfare, and now, as at all other times,
the sure salvation of the counnereial prosperity or
the country. Banks may suspend payment iu
specie, but the sun does not cease to shine ; mer
chants may fail, but the earth does not; railroad
stocks and bonds may go down, but the harre-t
comes. and its cotton, tobacco, sugar, corn, vhcat,
and rice, fill our storehouses and our granaries,
bills of exchange may bo pretested, but the coal
and iron of Pennsylvania and Virginia, the lead
of Wisconsin, the copper of Michigan, and the gold
and quicksilver of California remain ; many a
weary merchant, as ho scans the pages of his leg
er, may sink in despondency, but millions of strong
hands and bold hearts will sari ive to carry nn the
business of life; promote 'milt ielual well-being.
and work out the great problem of the growth and
grandeur of the United States.
Wo, it is true, have our pet public afflictions, and
we make the most of them. I feel mhamed some
times to think how petty aro tho political trouble
which pre-occupy us, and then again, I rejoice
and feol proud to think how supernal is the con
dition of our country which enables us to enjoy
the satisfaction of grumbling and fretting about
such trivial and insignificant things. If you acre
to heed the sensation paragraphs of the public
journals, and the vague declamations of the hus
tings, you mi 4 lit conceive that millions of men
here in the United States were in arms for fratri
eidaleombar, that mighty citadels were lost and won
daily by contending hosts. that embattled legions
were in the field pouring out this deadly hail of
the musket and rifle. that cur elutes is ere undergo
ing capture and sack at the hands of infuriated ene
mice, and that alt the worst culamitic, of war,pc,,ti
hence, and famine, were now. and for years had been,
raging throughout the Union. All these things un
happy England now has upon her hands in dis
tracted and devastated India But we—u hat is
that we have for political trouble ' Why, forsooth,
some potty frontier squabbles in Utah, Neosho, Da-
NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Correspondents for tt Tax Pstses't will please bear in
mild the fullowingielea: -
Every. communication must be accompanied by the
unrne of the writer, In order to insure correctness in
the typography, but one side of a sheet should be
written upon.
We shall be greatly obliged to gentlemen In Pennsyl-
Tanis and other States for contributions giving the cur
rent news or the day in their particular localities, the
resources of the surroundlng country, the Inereine of
population, and any information that will be interesting
to the general reader
cotah, Nebraska, Kansas+, or o nto other out-of-the
nay spot, pith or tt:thout .t none and of no more
aeeount; any way in the great current ~f national
wet and happine,-. than the bubbles which
form and In cak one after the ether on th. -urf,tert
of the great river, as it mile urajerstie an lefore us
to throw itself lovingly. as it were. into th e l op o f
the expectant ocean.
Once morn then to you, my friends I say. be or
good cheer; earth and sea. with all their genial
I.roductions. Agricultural, mineral, animal, 'ore
your: the mind to plide, the wilt to impel the
hands to do, are yours- Nature and man working
together cult in the everlasting copartnersLip of
generation and regeneration; and they together
are omnipotent in this our hearen-favored laud of
America.
GENERAL NEWS.
One night last week, as we learn from the
Lapeer (slich.) Repuldicatt. a disgraceful outrage
was perpetrated in that place. It app._ ars that a
wan and wontan, hut recently arrived there. and
keeping a salon, were suspected of being rather
loose in their habits; consequently a party of dia..•
guised men repaired to the domicil of this miser.aile
couple, and, rapping at their tha,r. were answered
by the man of the house. who was immediately -
seized, Jarred. and treated to a gratuitous
upon a sharp, rail While this was going en, a part
of the gang 'entered the house ;Ind dragged the
Woman teem her bedlam the street., -denuded. and
expoied her to the gene of the obscene rabble,
hauled her through tholaud. and applied a swab.
dipped in A mixture Of 'Cal-and feathers, To her per
son. They were then let go.
correspondent of the Ontario Time fur—
rashes the rarticalars of a sad casualty on Carma
daigua Lake, by which four pers,n r were drowned.'
It occurred at Middlesex Landing oft Wednesday.
The steamboat Joseph Wood, on - her extorsion trip,
from the head of the Lake to the Fair at Canan
daigua, was taking Oh pas.iehgers with' a small
Wm. which, the wind being, 'fresh. was - swamped,'
with six passengers and the .hoattnari In it, and
before as,istance could be rendered four of the
part? were drowned Their names were as' lid-'
lows: Rev. Jacob Wager, ol:Middlmex.. Yates;
county, N. T. ; Francis Perelman, Frederick, Al
drich, and Henry Green, ail of the same place.
Our readers may remember reading the
singular case of an Irish clergyd.rni (the Ter. Mr.
Deatidah) • 'Marrying' himteo amte two or three
years ago, in England. and that the validity of
the act was acknowledged by the court before
whom the question was brinight. An appeal being
taken, the decision has , been lately affirmed by a
majority of six to five judges. Ono of the minority,
Judge Keogh. a Romanist, in delle'ering his - opiu-"
ion, made the admission that, •- down to the
seventh century, bishops and priests did marry,
nor* was celibacy strictly enjoined till the year
1071 Ile added, hone% er, that •• there wag not
a single case in which a priest had married him- -
self, without the intervention of another priest "
By a letter from - Kansas we are informed
that on the 14th of Augatlest. at 2 P.-Id., a cloud
of a singular yellowish appearance arose in,
the north , near the village ofSlenhattan,'und soon'
the storm burst upon the inhabitants. ' It :was ;
neither rain, hail, ,nor snow, but. grasshoppers, -
and in about ten minutes the ground was covered
with them. They came in droves, and struck' the
houses like large hail-atunes Soonlhe ground was.
strewn with corn leaves and ears, some of which,
two inches through, were eaten' off half their
length, some with the husks and eau trimmed as'
with a knife, leaving the hare, cob standing.
Tim census of the colony . cd . - Victoria in.
March last gave a population of 103,409. This re
turn includes the aborigines and Chineoe. the for
mer of whom were estimated at 500 and the latter'
at 40,000. New South Waleshad 20S,000,auelSontia
Australia 103,000 The population of the Austra-
Han colonies is now , set down at 'something over a
million, and the proportions of the various colonies
as fellows Victoria 414,000 ; Now South Wales
300,000; South Australia 105,000; Tasmania 80,000;
Western Australia 14,000; New Zealand 130,000.
Total, 1,043,000.
An English firm have expressed their readi-,
ness to undertake to Lay the Atlantic cable for a.
stated price, with the aid of the Government ves
eels, taking all the rick. They engage that the'
cable shall be laid from Ireland to NewfoundlamL
by June or July next, or they will claim no recom
pense, and they will pay to the company the entire
cost of the cable. In the event of the cable being
laid before June the stipulated price to be in-,
creased at so much per month for each month
gained.
Anecdotes of Western life are gonaewhat
stale, yet a correspondent ventures to mention' a
real occurrence which took place the other day on,
board a steamer from Prairie du Chien. In the
long saloon of the boat a singnlar scene was pre
sented, At one end a clergyman w as preaching to
a small crowd gathered around him, - In the mid-.
die, ganibling . .was in buoy proee...a , , And at the
other extremity of the saloon there was music end
dancing! ,Between the several partite thus
riously engaged the ma,t perfect civility, prevailed.
Capt. T. G. - 3litebell; of 'Bath, in the month
of February, 1855, while in the barque Florence;
in mid-ocean, fell in with the Neapolitan schooner
'• La Luce." from which he took the officers and
men immediately before shefoundered. The Xing
the tweedelites has sesit•to Dag. It through the authorities at Washington, a Orin:oda! Of
the first size, m massive piece of
-solid gold, weigh.:
ing over two' ounces, having on one side a finely
executed bead of the royal donor, Ferdinand Th;
and on the other side an inscription in Italian.
man Ultima Nam - rage
witted to prison for the murder of Dow Dingy in
Beekman, Duchess Co ,on Sunday. It appears
that Page was beating his wife, when Dingy went
into the house for the purpo,e of separating them.
nherenpm Page seized an axe and ,truck Dingy a
blow with it upon the head, splitting his head open,
killing bin' almost instantly. The 11/tamer has a
wife and four children_
The examination ofitr. Charles Hasbrouck,
book-keeper in the Ortoudaga Bank;Syracuze,whe
nas charged with eettine• fire to the bank on the
morning of the 25th ult., waa brought to a close on
Wednesday afternoon, and the justice promptly
decided that he found nothing'in the testimony on
which to hold the accused; therefore he should dis
charge him.
Itartwick, Otsego county, N. Y., has been
much excited of late by a ease of crim. conin
which Elder S.B. Hayward, pastor of the Christian
church in that place, and a female member of his
flock, are the parties. A committee of leading
members of the church having been appointed to
investigate the charge, reported it sustained by
their examinatioa.
It appears by the Boston papers that the
Davenport boys have beeu fully detected iu their
viritual cheats, by one B. Y. Rice 'arid' some
friends, who cut the rope which ran before the au
dience, in the dark, rushed forward to where the
"spirits'' were making noises with violins,
etc., and caught the boys iu the very act. A
light IVIL3 instantly struck and the cheat exposed.
A corporal with six recruits was on his way
to New York on the cars the other day, when ; 113
the train was going under full headway, near
Poughkeepsie. a recruit leaped off the train. Quick
as a llazh the corporal was after him—and caught
him. Strange to say, neither of the men wrO
badly injured. and the train having stopped, both
renamed their seats
The Supreme Judicial Court, at Boston,
on Monday, in the case of Mrs S.irah E. Shalt
against the Boston and Worcester R inroad Com
pany, which has been on trial fur some time,
awarded the plaintiff SIS,OOO The suit wan for
damages, the plaintiffs husband having been
killed by an accident on the road.
The Newark Mercury says a very large num
ber of mechanics and laborers have been dis
charged from employment in that city within a.
"week. The necessity for this is absolute on the
part of many of the manufacturers, as it is impos
sible for them to continue their operations at
present
The Chicago Denzocrat says that there is e
largo produce house in that city that employs an
agent in New York to buy small lots of corn at a
high figure, and to telegraph the same as a trap
index. to prices. This brings purchasers to buy at
high rates, who discover the trick too late to oars
their pockets.
The Maysville (Ky.) Eagle reports the en
eape of seventeen slaves from Washington, Ky.,
last Sunday night. Only one had been captured
This one resisted desperately, and eut Poso R aldrou
and Dare, of Huntingdon township, danger
ously with a largo knife.
Mr. 11. H. Childs, rescued front the Central
America. a member of Dr. A D. Smith's church,
related the story of the disaster last Sunday even
ing, and stated that while he was floating on his
plank that awful night, he heard distinctly recited
by another person the Lord's Prayer.
Anew star bas been discovered in the nebula
of Orion, by M. Porro, at Paris. Ho first observed
it with au object glass of 20 5 inches in diameter,
the eyo-plecemagnifringl,2oo. Ho has since nen
it twice, and his oltervations have been con
firmed.
It is stated that a duel was recently fought
between two officers at West Point, in which ono
was rather severely wounded. The other cue, ~ho
had done gallant service in Mexico. was at once
ordered oil to Utah, and the aftair was not wade
It is itimortil, says the Montreal .irgtit, that
h e (over ir-Oenetal is about to return in the next
Canadian steamer, and Sir William Eyre is to be
recalled, for the purpose of taking a command in
India
A lady, while walking through the atreets
of Owego, the other day, with a piece of Califor
nia gold, valued at 86, an her mouth. perpetrated
the indelicacy of sneezing violently, and blew
array the money. She wa, unable to recover it
It is said that the Grand Trunk Railroad of
Canada has made arrangements to build the I,ike
Shore Road. on the Canada side. to cam wt with
the Michigan Sitithern at Monroe.
Last Thursday, say', the Cincinnati (Ohio)
=rt te,the mercury in the th ermometer etood
one hundred and ono degrees m the :Arnie in dif
ferent parts of the city. Rather a hot place. that
Porkopoli,
It is eqiinatvd that the 'value 111 the pro
ducts Of thecountry. received at New York on Fri
day la:d. exceed half a million of dollars. of whi,h
more than a pt utter of a million wa; to brcad
-tuff3
31cminitoes have been co thick on Long
Island that the workmen on the Brooklyn water
work, were compelled to quit work and flee b , tbe:r
houses Horses and cows that ruu'in the fields aro
almost killed by them.
Mrs. Elizabeth 111llsm in died at her re,i
dome. in 31.1.1ir0n eoanty. .11,ibania, on the 14th
lilt She the ht-t 110 . 1 11.1.6)11 try ikenzitmer of
the ile•ncrni Ikt - eminent in th tt county her Ago
rt as eighty-four year.,
The Jutauzian, of A1,11_11113, Nay.,; that a.
yuuttg and laluable stave %coition not innantly
killed by lightning on the 15'h ult , while picking
cotton on the plantation of her owner.

Pennsylvania Newspaper Archive