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SATOEDAT, SEPTEMBER 2 12, 1 1857. ."
SPjECIfOrHON, COBB,
OF i . .
'AT 1 i&ETEMEER 19r iSS6.
iut ?/* -.di.-M' ' -■» --'r »-V •-■•■ -
, Ladies and Gentlemen qacsfiqnr tipon
which! propose tooddrew yon'iUif' evchinghrenot
only.of an important oharnotori as BtfrUkl'toybu by
out.fj*ien>l who baadptroduoed'rae tcryoUt but they
sensitive nature.* public
mind throughput, thp . apd /breadth /pf;the
bepnohdis,nQW deeply excited-‘YVihnt I,
hu,ve,t6>ayBba'U.|)q r saia j ln.tne i BpirH,of fronkpesg
nndcanifor, ' I have nb'opimons upon. these ones
tionswhich Ideslte
to { xnaintain before 5 the people bf rayowft SMfo thht
I will not maintain before tlie peoploTThb faV6r < in&'
thlsfcvbtdng with their-presence. I'appear 1 before
ycrajil irast, with no unkind or ungoneroua spirit ih
my'bosoms /May X bo permitted lo indulge the hope
th[jvtypui£are r j^eparod >to Deceive mo m the eanio
spirit of Kindness?- [Applause.* ,y/ * ,* ,<
Theye are questions upon which,yon, and I,djlFer
I snail bbfchfctoraptVcodoeat tbVfaot that this
ference of opinion exists. There, ore other ooeslions
rtrust wo stand'agreed. .Atnil everiti,
my fc 11 ow-o iti zenS,' it is important tHat Wo' should ‘
knowiWhetbGr w.o >do.-agree. orndtapon these
'i’.'.t’j li-*- ! ’-»• }) -> •
T stand before an audience whose facos are unfa-',
iq{|iar*tome,.pud yet X, cannot
stratfgor 1W a’ Btrangeland.'l’ ‘ Tp-a&jCwbßn. foe the,
fifsttTni'eltrod bpon J flfo'sptU>f’yl>ur l
secrated by the blood bf ypM'.ltevoldiidnftry, fothbrb
to'tbo great ehnSebf‘Anibrioafi' : fre’'edoni, r thiragh T
was borhhipontho 801 l
native land. • (Applause.) 1
America, and X-aramn American'citizen'.’ {Loud
cbeprs.hoX.woijld.Wtfko tbe.same spirit topresldo
bejro to-njgnt, and, torevpr. more thr,yughoutyt}u3:
land} that hearts of oqr forofftihera, -
when,‘side apd shoulder' to shoulder, the
SCdfhornahd ttiO Northern man, the'
tfibinbtariilftedcitircn'jtHePrdtestnnf andtheCa-,
tholiu, stood upon your own soil, around acommon
win a common freedom for a common people.
(Applause.) Can wo mdot- Iu this spirit!’ or shall
thosoibitter waters which: are now flowing through
our lund‘jCou,tiDpo;;h)! ppur .their, bitterness, upon
tho people and upon their future peace, and
happiness and prosperity;? ap*
swer ,to-that question'is worthalltho argument
tbafcc/m bo presented to you. by mygolf/pr by any
oflb elstfupon' tbeae 1 - tj^estions. 1 GH’e" md bbt th e
h6arts of the American
brotherly lovchnd'affeotion—let me bnf plant the 1
Constitution * andi the. Union in tho -hearts of our
ala asdlioy onca lived thore; and Lwonldnot
t that all these dark clouds that are uow/
hangiug over oar country would pass away and bo
. that, peace, and.prosperity, pud
happiness, .and ,kind aud frotornai..fqofiug would
cqme 'and dwelL'in tho land everywhere.;, (Ap
pladflo.) ’ V I invoke th'dt Spirit. ‘lf I violate it in
what, I hnyo to say to-night, condemn mbif I
if Ample updn it ; pronounce your judgment against
me. ‘ . *7. . . •: < •
jUI have
which w« diffor.. .You lire in n - non-slavobolding
orfroo‘State; IlivoJu,a.alftvcholdmgStatci The
SB of Ponnsylrania nnd the people of Georgia
upon thejnibject'ofslavoryf’ lknowit/and
now 1 it; It isTMelcssto dirgujsc the fact, for
if wra agreed,, you would have the sAme.ipstitu
tiouathfttiffthavo'or 'we would' Have yours. It
ww your right to .barp.iosti tutions oonfonuabie ■ to
your toolings; H wusour rjcht to have thorn eon
formahje to our. feelingB. ; Wo differ. You hare
jio rightto tax'my cobactOnco with.your peculiar
notions on that subject; I have uO. right to .tax
yodr conscience with-my'peculiar hOtions 'oh the
subject. -
Tpe position * which I occhpy—the position
occupied‘by those with whom !am -politically
ass«iaUs—by'iho Democratic party of ithis conn'
tryj jKorth.tvud;B.o,uthr-jnshoß nonsuch demand at
the-hands of the people, either of the North
or '6t qss sacrifice ‘Of 'their opinions
§nd'ueritinSigis 1 bn’ ; this 'question. Tho charge
that is ( inade soctloa of the.country, that
tho, J Dotaoc raticr party is; a ! pro-slavery' party,
ahd- the charge tHat is inado in my section,
that the Democratic party is an nati-filftveYy-party, •
*n*e BqualljVuntrue. Wo are neither a pro-slavery
aor i&ifnhii-slftvcry. party, but we aro'h Cdhstitn*
ttiobal party. • (Applause.)- That is" the principle
iipda' which I stand; and on which f invito you to
.«o-operhfe' with me: • How strange if falls
upon'the ear ofa Southern Democrat, when lie
hears from the public hustings’ -the' chargemade
gainst James Buchanan that bo is a sectional can
diJote-i-4 pre-slavery candidata-rtwhen that Sinith
ernmtan Jias just returned from bis own South, and
theV& freitrd the charge made/tlmt this simo James
Buchanan is aa.nixdTtionist^ soilcr. I
leave tho one opponent of Mr.'Buchanan to an
swer the others 'Bbtll'dO Uiin injustice f &ml, as is
not uufrdquentiy tho case, the truth! lies between
thetwoohargee.; IJeirt oeitiicr & pro*aluveryjnOr
aoantUlaverycamlidato,bui he istho.camUdato
of thegreafcohatttqtihnai principle,'whtch.l shall
diseusabefqro y&u to-faldht, irivofving s ho/qudation'
©f 'the right or of the institution ofslavcty,-
fcdt-stirading aiane' : nwm;ih9 doctrines and' teach
ingsof, the Constitution. (Applause*) :
Jdy -fallow-countrymen, I propose to, submit
id you" an*"afiuin'eh to poh. fb eso questions.'. I
etfml Submit tho Views whfoh l ontertuln', and tbb
ralbtda¥'Wliy I entertain theso views.’-J shall pro- 1
Behfalaojthe.ohjcotions made by thmoppoaition-r-:
bJktyOfoment party.,. If I an? unqnndjdjn my
staftmept as to the -position of either tho,one or
the mWrespeotfully Invite anyono
withmWe hearfng 6f my voico to correct mc. and
Iwiltiecoivethe corrfeetibn in aUhihdneas. Those
interruptions.nro nop, objectionable to mo. /They
epablo us to arrive.at tho truth, and tru(li should
ho tho object in all political discussions;
' s)Hesd troubles Which riow ozeitd the publio inind
dv'h'at’oriAO 'cut of thota’ questions which have
boiVtoforo’ldividficL.tUo political, parties .of,, this
counts- sawtpfoM,tUo: questicma t hftvo‘,boehr*
how shall tlieGovernment bo odminirtorcd l what
chair be^PUr‘financial rtstotrfl, wo
do wfthonK pubHc lands? ' What-shall we do with
streams >and inr.icommbhia'? la 'rnyhoneat
iidament.the question nowjs, gbajl.wo haya aGp-
Vfirnrneht.atait ?. 'That resultis. involved,in this
issue My reasons for anterfaining' this.opinion I
wilt give4aix befota I'dofictode‘these remarks-/ - '; 1
This question of slavery is tho one exciting’,this
deep iiSfoAsM* Jtoe iomut&atr/JiaA created these
. feelings this
copmry. ‘lthaa gone to thal .oxtont, until Motfsa*
cirollns, and CArolina’ aWaigtu
jtteicboMtta.’and ooflh charnel with a
watit'of fidelity In tUu atrnggm af tbs,Befoliitl6n, ‘
lifun'o i».°, »jmp».thyj n'itb either. obnrge, , (Ap
plauis.) ,1, hupod that Uie ; diiy W'liul'l noysr
somb ’ vban ; tho .desOohhisAU if Itiiif6luWnniry
iothtlratß /iny jitlrt or our broad land would tfiflcli'
rritlf aaorilejtonsl l * l^^lo ““redapob whoko aleop
tho mkhty doai who non tor na.tho! freedopi we,
thin night enjoy. CAPpIaS BO -) .Pat it is bo. Tho
eridimooof thlx bad .lowing ! s "round and about
nfe' -Yotrheftf ft'-’iri’jonr deily'-lnidre'intse with
jourielthb* btou reAd It- in ti.ajmUili pro®; it
is‘ eiihnc!utod' tr(UJhthU' hustings,'oju| : pot unfro
(rttoflyUofallsAtftiA'tbß.MOMd deakb tst-tltis
fueling no on idet 'thiS spirit' bo iencouraged j I # t
the.o uiccer wutets rvidon dnd-'spreiw until they.
ooVer-tho wlioto land j’let oveiy'Northern men
when 1 hi putty* ires Upon * Southern man foci
that, therd 1b nn cnfiny; and let uror>'_ Ilian from
the Soiith foot that tbe NoVlliert'ttiantthl* enemyb
nSld. I nsk yOit, my how dong wUI this glo.
rious fabric, created by the blood and- wlsdom of
bo, left fo their, degenora to, offspring :
JJd>w lone esn .your .Consiltotion and your Union,
sassiv.e Ino doyjwhen thero.shnll bo run through,,
autyonr lond.a linohragoographical iinp—loate
not obino—wbidl divide.. tmcmicH, where there
jfarnmrly'UweU- brcthren of.a coitunpn bouschoid?
I^sfcyo«,jJben r .to look;t»ttj sep toiti ponder
■weft the results of,these mighty Jfflmes.nbieb now.
sliridSithe oonnlryi.. and, ivhutovor, error; jouor J.-
njuy cwmmt; howoyor far yon.ot I may.go astray,
you to-night, loti not the hearts of tuo
jH opio he thus i ppisgued and, estrangtnl ; 0110 front
nnetber.., X-woald appeal -to ibeso .mothers, toco
M'lfrlharthdlhSrtt'of-ittd'Milbggenoratlbw; thrte
who are to'dSmS'.pp’fcid occupy 1 the;B«at* which
WC -to-.dsy -flll/ um hot linbttod 'with thia spirit,
of-iintttoeityi’of hudyink ‘liostillty to; theirbrith
rtd of other SeAtihus of fte oeanfryl ■< Con wo nbt|!
ttyfrittidsr-.niCirt; os -’our -WthSta 'met' before ‘os,i
around a common altar, worship a common God,
aidsaato-.lilsJ'btesßlngarupoh wstfmfem: oonntry.l
■ - (Appi»use.>,! Id.hinkiwfc oea; J. fMsliihaV wo oan
d-kpow Uttt«e-jggfit.br“i4'i>wMegd-;!ny feeble
iflda«wardnjfro4uctng.,tbatafM}l!>g,»a4 -restprwg
»i«ftjidritf.tt,tbe..’dl»frwteil'f?P.ai:,.torM,by i ,tbP«.f;
- bitteratrifes, that I am hero to-ulghtupon thp soil
■ - .... -:’ ■ * > ■■' x : .. ‘‘ ’ ... ...... . . ... _^... ...
, . ‘-..A km,
V K>?
•>
, , »V.
f' • ...•>■
'' W; i*'
question withns nm6h of this spirit na wo can bring
to boar*npoji U. '>.liOfc us disoussdtin bander, in
.frankness t and if wo, err, put. us right t if we statex
as,a fact that whioh is not true,oorredt us.,Mf we
present an argument that is n6t welhioken, expose'
its Fallacy.. ' -ii.i; ,5 K.*i t, s iv,s< ,■»# Moti’mu' /.
These difficulties have,: to at very .great Extent
—almost to:antentire <hxtfintr*-been created by
what tonalledithd-Kansas* question; < I propose to
§o,right to; the 'quosUoirfa blob-lies at the bottom of
lose difficulties, and meet it frankly. Wo are.
toldtbat.ciril warragea in Kanaka i that thoblood
of. ouc brefchrom is, spUt upon tbesoibof Kansas ;:
; thht the proper tyofour fellaw-ciftis4na is destroyed'
•by the hand of the. midnight burner of Ihouses-p
; t;bat tha’freedom of thepresvthe of apeoob,
havA-been prostrated beneath the feet of ruffian*
ism; '• These ire the charges.’;-The.telegraph poursf
'in, day by day,- accounts; of i these difficulties-—theso*
troubles that aTo new existing among the people of
Kansas/* know,.aha you know, that these
; ao6ouhta«are i greatly*
<t* webelieveptojeffeflfc a pofltieol, a party purpose
yetj ; £ay countrymen, it is. true there is. trouble
there. -There ismtfrderl there; there' is robbery
: tbero; the're iis the violation of* law ? and oWU
" w4r,iif not-commencfed, banga like-a dark cloud
5 over that Territory, and threatens, day by day, to
burst in alt its ftuytipoptbe devotod beads qf tbo
people of that Territory.' - That.U true; .The ques*
tiou is, who is responsible for it, and can It bo reme
died? . „• - ■ • > - . . >
I do : Dot propose to detain yon to-night with an
examination of at! that mas* of ovidenoe. going to
elucidate the question, Who is responsible for these
diffieulties?lf'X. wero bore as- therapologist—as.
the defender ofany>portioular .olass..or any par*.
• tioular party* tavKaim, that I duty migh^vety.,
ta : 4ne* l;tihstj.
lfosi’pntefaad. s *‘rc{jl>lor puipese-v-nidr.- »--*:■ ]
ThafterdJfifiifltiei^orikinaMd|tßOtDa > the
passage ofjthe Kansas'bUU ; /That hUhwtolated or
repealed ilie Missouri Compromise, and the Oharge
is mods tbatbcnOe have flown all par troubles. Is
that so ask* you; mV/ friend who so charges,
how,is it that when, i&dßSfl, you ropcaled the Mis
souri ComprOmisOinregard to a portion of the Very,
poYOfred* -by-tho samel restriction, no war
and no bloodshed oame ? Tell me why is it that,
by_ tke.passage of. the Kanaas-Kebraskft bill, no
: war/ nh. bloodshed was created in. Nebraska? No*
.braska and Kansas wore .provided, for im tho same
bill, passed in the same hour by tho same vote—
tho provision for both was signed' nnd beonmo tho
law land,at .the same rpomnokof timoi . No-;
braska is as peaceable and os quiet as Pennsyl
vania, whilst thesO Booties are-transpiring in Kan
sas. -If it/was. the, inero passage of the bill that
producecltkesa difficulties, thoy. would exist in Ne*
braSka.aa woll-osiaKansas. The mere passage of
- (he bill has not produced them/ What,, then, ims? "
Why, .nfc)tho‘.vory time that this bill was passed, a
portion*)? those who were opposed to it in Congress
Organised thcmselves.for thofpurpose of defeating
the..operation of tho bill. -jfKohd.tho testimony
taken by the Kansas Investigating Committee, and;
yon wilEfind that Mr:iMaee r i)f Indiana,there tes
tified .that he subscribed his money immediately
after.ihe, passage ofi this bill; others subscribed'
do what?-; What did they want to
do?, ; To aid the lfttr instd oxocution? That is not
usual.- HWhom-members •of Congress and of tbo
Legislature have < passed, laws; they - generally on*
trust their efcooution; to 4he ordinary machinery of
government. .-Kut.thtoo gentlemen saw proper to
Organise ehdltaise money, not-to carry ,out tho
law,i but to defeat it.. < They appealed .to their,
brethren of Masaaohnsotis, and of tno NorUi, to do
thing;.and your Kraigract Aid Bociety
Sprung into existence/ Efforts wero to bej&mdo by
thetoAxtreardinaary outside means to make Kansas
afree,State.- No efforts V*ere!made in reference to
Nebraska.. That was allowed to go along qaleUy.uh- ■
dor the operation of the law.; The people of Missouri.
found .that these bffortoworb heingmade. They de
sired that Kansas.should ho a slave State, as didibe
people of Georgia and Carolina:. ,They resortod;to
nieana of a likocharaotorfor the.purptooof making
jit.a State haring.'their institutions. -Efforts com
menced at the North induood efforts at tho South,
hnd ;lt, proceeded on' until wont there with
bitter feelings Oml personal hostility; thoy quar-
VolUd—they fought..; AU thesp unhappy results—
the murder, the:robboiy, and these other.riolatiuns
of IftWTfhovaflown<romit.«- -
2 Tho tiling ia past, .Ttoanriot be remedied, so far
nsithepastis.obneerncd; but when you of the
NwUutro balled upon to condemn tho peoplo of tbo
South, taMember .that'all ithfe hlamo,iin any vlfew
tbatyosin*y takeoMt, does -not attach to your
Brethren «o£ tho iBouth,Vnbr,did these difficulties
’originate ,br their aetUm.-ißemeinber, my conn*
toymen of, the} North; ,snd my conntryineri of the
all the wrongs alt'tho injury, all tho
bad. faith. leUJhe murder, altethe robbery* oil tho
violatioh ofi 1 aw, has not bees committed either by
Northern or:.by Southern men...:Both have done
wrongs bothiliave violated,tho left;*and my doo
trine is. leUho murderer.andthorobber 3 —be he a
eitbwaof myown State orof your a, wherever he
cornea from, upon, whatever.'soil ’ho was bom,'
whatever section he claims to belong to, whatever
religion <he proteases—be he a violator of the law,'
lot Him bocondeiuned by tho law, and Jot the law
punish kira.jfApplause.) > , ; ■ ’ . ..
,ono;great; difficulty id .regard to. these Kansas
trouble—l have that toon, in the
Violence of their fooling*,.' in ( tho; extont of their
prejudices, (Oarriod away :by .their i passions, have
giveu thomftclvcaup body and soul :to the defenoe
of,.their, own'friends,.from their section of the
oountry. v l.<lq not .Sky that : this partiality exists
hore more than with- oil;people.. JVo constantly
see that our eyes, are blinded, by:onr prejudices.
You Utwe been told that our people of the - South >
wpre determined,;as soon a? tho Kansas bill was
Sasaed, thatrala'very should go there; that we aro
etoymlned to bare slavery in all tho territories,
that ibis is hnt the starting-point ;. that we aro de
termined to.beypurmasters,and rule over you by ;
forcing slavory into every portion of,this country- !
Now) let, qa reflect; for,one. moment. 1)6 not bo
corned away by these* passionate appeals. When
the Compromise' measures 0f.,1951). were passed,
ahd tho Missouri restriction was removed : from n*
portion of the .territory nowin New Mexico, whoro
jthnd been .prohibited,by that restriction—when
Utah was openedup under the provisions of ;a bill
just the. same, as the Kansas bill, and when New
Mexico was opened up. to ihe people of tho South—
If.our/pcopje wore determined,!to foroo slavery
tuoro and the principles of theso bills onabled us
to do it. why did,not. the §outh then attempt to
force slavery .into [Utah 'and Now Mexico ? The
roasori vvits titot alljtji&t the South has asked for is
the establisbp}'6ht-<>f a prinoiplof-tho right of tho
pebble to dotormina this question for jneinselves;
ana when that principle, was'decided.ty'tho Utah
pnd NO9 Mexico bills, the South i nod gained her
bwn triumpb ;--it Was not a triumpH of- slavery,
btft it was tbo triumph of tho principle of tbo Con
otitutlon. She resorted to no, updue. means ; sbo
tofldo‘nb utmsual efforts to force slaybry upon the
people of New Mexico and Utah, though thoso bills
contained principle, as ihoKansns-Ne
break a bill. When the Kansas bill was passed.
Were them apy •efforts'nmong ouppeoploj until
jtheso effort! had Been begun* at thtf North 'i ’and I
toll you, that, but for the resort to theso extraordi
nary efforts, would- hpvci been sottied just
hs our other territories' are sottled. People would
jhavo gone there just ss they go to our other terri
tories* peaceably pnd quifitly; and just &s the emi
gration was, so would have been the decision of tbo
people upon,(his question.■ The South looked with
no unusual anxiety to that decision. AU, she
baked for was lho recognition of,her Constitutional
Wght in Kansas and,Nobraska,.as it bad ,been re
cognized in Now Mexico and Utah; and in all
human probability,' if slavery shall fever bo estab-.
lisbod in Kansas, and Wo be placed'under obliga
tions to any body for It, our’ obligation, will bo to
the Abolitionists, who have created all these
troubles; —not,that they intended it, but such libs
been the effcot and operatioq ; of this thing. .
1 .1 .have pjuab’d over this branch of the argument
for the simple purpose of maintaining, position-
Jthat then is no party, North or South, that is eu-
so force the institution of slavery tipou
any peoplo bf tiny Territory or of any State, and
that,these efforts whloh- you rogurd as such now
made lb reference to Kansas, are but the retaliatory
measures which, have been resorted to, in which
bur people in the South believe they were' justi
fied, when extraordinary efforts of a different cha
racter and for a,different purpose had boon made
by our brethren'of the North.
But perhnpslt'is useless to review this suhjeot;
it mayor it may not result in any good. Thoro
aro procticol questions-connected with it of far
more importance. The pnst is gone. I am willing
to stand here and justify those who are connected
with mo, North and South, in the history of tho
past. Butpow a crisis is . upon our country; and
th^,question is: Who,to .responsible for the exist-
to-day of .this state of things in Kansas? Can :
it be remedied,‘ and Bow ? M , , . 1
'■ TkiNfvit.war could have been prevented by ad- |
boring to the' two’groai principles npon which opr
government tests—tho two groat principles inoor* j
pointed into Our Constitution; the equality of tbo j
States, and the right of the peoplo to self-govern- '
meut.i Thore I stand.. Are you-agreed with mo
upon l those two questions ? X ask nothing more. Ii
require. qt.thp handspf no man an admission of any j
other principle but the equality of the States and
tho right of the people to solf-govcrnment, in order,
to'jtistify.tbe position of those whoaqt with mo, the ,
course Which they have heretofore pursued, and
protKSfe horohfter to pursU'e.
your Constitution oould hot have beoh formed, if
you bad not reoognirbd tho equality of tho States;
I will hot dUeuss it j ‘I will go into no argument to
provo it I* I will you a single thought that
puts,the argument at rest—a thought which per*
baps may assail your, pride, may wound your sel
fishness; but it is a thought which you road in the
letter of the QoristitutUn. 1 You are -to-night citi
zen! of -the proud commonwealth of. Pennsylvania.
You look around you and soo her teeming popula
tion, her immense commorco, her vast resources.
(3he stands-among tho first’State! of the Union,
proud, and justly proud of her. position. ' She looks
upon umoy ef her sister States because they
pave jiqss commerco, less population, less prosperi
ty,less success, .When you thus Ippk, it is,in the
lightof ycur BojficU' feelings, of your proud estate,
as Penttsylfnbfanff But’ lot too ask you to come
and look upfto yourselves in the light of tho Con*
stitntion, end see Pennsylvania, proud Ponnsylva*
J'*®>J a6 fly prood Pennsylvania, with her equally
proud sister-Now York, and her other-proud sister
Virgtnia-pBoe them; when viowed in tho light of
tho Constitution, came down and sit around tho
bquncu-bpordtof your common country, tbo equals,
but .not it?? suporiors of your little sister Delaware.
(Applause.} Go stand at tho 'door of tho Senate
ChMnbori’andinyour pride, and in tho pride of
the Virginian and. the Now Yorkfer, stand there,
yoti'three' States, and speak of your boastod groat
ncss, and population, and power; bat Htilo Dela
ware stands by your* Bide, and w ith the Constitu
tion in faorhand she says; “ I am your equal, and
my voice is beard here equally, with yours.”. .jy©
Beo, there exemplified the equality of tho States—
ono of the foqpdation-stones upon wbtqh rests tho
fabrio. of oitr government. < ,So tenaotoas were tho
framers'of the Ctmstitntion of this greqt prinolpto
that thoy provided that no' State Should'bo de
prived, without her equal represen
tation in tho' Senate. The doofrinU Of the equality
of the States is indood a great and glorious prin
ciple.,- Liltrid Baorilegiousnand touch it. * l - “•
; 'Do-you rcoOgnizo that great principle, tbo right
p£;ielr-governmont? Are;: you oapablo of self
; gOYcrnmentJ--. Yonr -father# thought you were.
They ; tbonght, that, their posterity for ail time
.would; bo capable of self-government,
v ??T>sßey provided for your enjoyment of that great
bhd privilege, Ypur totters said t^at
the people of any,State in. this Union were, cnpablo
of judging for th'omteWwhat 1 should bo tho un*,
tare-and oharucte? •of'- their' Institutions. They
thought that the pboplri'rif Pennsylvania'under-,
stood better what would be for their interest, for
their 1 happiness; foVthoir prosperity; ttuiu the
people of Georgia, Virginia, or Now York undor
‘Stooddor.you.-i,- They thought It was host that the
poopld-'of each State should decide these questions
of interests for themsolves. They dotorminod, not
that any -particular class of tho citizens of Penn
sylvania'should, decide these, Questions, but that
every man who iivod upon tho soil and, who was
doreral with the habiliments of citizenship, was ns
oanhble 1 of self-government ns.his neighbor. ] Our
fathers' inadO no| ttistindtiori between tho proiidoat
and thVbumbleat—between the man who gains his
support by~Mb daily labor,'and the man who lives
upon'the wealth frugal
When the great principle of, tho capacity and tho
right of tUo people to'self-government was to'bo
provided for, there was no distinction. Youhave’
maintained that principle; you havo stood by it;
aud' to-day you would stand at your door-sill and
yt&r upon any tann who fehould dare to* violate to
onb J halr’s breadth, this groat and inestimable
legacy bequeathed tp you by your fathers. ,It |s
yourrlght arid your privilege; maintain it—guard
: fc—protect jt..
TweivVirioriths ago thope lived by vour slito a
neighbor. 'He Wns'ftß honest, as' intelligent, as en
pable of sdlf-goyernmcnt ns ydu nro. Ilo'walked
with you‘to tho polls, deposited his vote with yours,
and you drived not say to him, “ I am bettor than
thouyeti ilared not say to him, “ I know what
is interest better than you know yourself.”
I had fi neighbor'who twelve months ago walked
with Trip to the polls, end we deposited out ballots
. togbtheL, ;Uaro I havo saiiPto that neighbor “ Go
ihom’al 5 takb carO .of your interest': T will,
)rdMde’fdr>OiiV’haupinesa, your Prosperity; I
iave studied it,'and I xnow it bettor than yoa do?”
Well,- your'neighbour has gone from among
yob—my neighbor has gone from among us; auil
they hav£ met, upon Iho'SoH of Kansas, tho same'
freehien' that they were when they lived upon the
soil of Pennsylvania and'of Georgia; arid I say
they aro as capable o£’selffgovormnout in Kansas
as they were in • Pennsylvania and in Georgia.
(Applahse.) Give to them that' principle ; extend
to them that right; let it be honestly' nnd bona
fid? oxorciscd, and I tell you that all will bo peace
and quiet'; in injr honest judgment not anothor
cloud.will rise upon your horizon from these diffi
culties connected with Kansas.
Let üb‘sob,'by a practical application ; of these
pricoiplcs, whether or not it Could be done—who t her
or not it has been proposed to bo done, and done in
good fuitM and if so, who'proposed it and who de
feated it; foryour representatives in Congress ought
to .have quieted these difficulties they ought to
havo applied a remedy to these troubles. If it was
in l ■(heir power, they owod it to you—to tho wholo
country—to tho pcoplo of Kansas.
' Now. tny countrymen, if tho application of two
such plain and cardinal prinoiplos as the equality
of; tho States anjl the right or tho pcoplo to self
government cun tettlo these difficulties, ought thoy
not to be settled? Shrill this bitter strife continue—;
shall our country bo torn and distracted—shall our
Union bo imperilled—shall our glorious Constitu
tion be threatened nnd ondangored', when all these
evils can be cured by tho application of twq such
plain, practical, just nnd Constitutional principles
as those which I bate laid down?
. During tho last session of Cougra&s we hoard of
these troubles and (Hilteultlcs in Kunsns. Tho nows
Was brought there to us; It was investigated by us
as far as we were oupablo of 1 doing it. What was
proposed to be done to remedy' these difficulties?
The Democratic! party and tho national Whigs who
uro acting in concert with tho Democratic party in
the support 6f Mr. Bnehanan; had a majority in
the Sonato; thb opposition had a majority in the
House. lYhat did tho Senate do? Thoy passed ri
bill for * tho pacification of theso difficulties. To
kriow Whether that bill was right—whether it mot
the troubles, our.first inquiry isj what wero tho dif
ficulties air thoy oristed at 'that time,'and oh wo
saw them in Congress? I shall treat them just as
they wore charged to exist by tho Fremont party;
becauto it is useless to discuss whotbertheir chargo
bo true or not; it involves no principle; it involves
a question of fact, about which men may very pro
perly differ—about whioh mon can (lifter who act
ogetherupon prineinlo. I'propose to confino my
argument to prinolpfo?, and not to' discuss facts
furthor than iaoeoesstwy fortlio elucidation of prin
ciple? and tho ascertainment of truth. Tho Fre
mont men will’ not object 'when my argument is
based upon tho idoa that tbeir chat-gesture true. J
Intend to apply my argument upon tho admission
of that state of foots; so you cannot complain of
my courso in that respect. \\ '
‘ The charge was'{hot a territorial legislature had
boon ©looted in Kansas over the he ads of a majority
of’ the people by the armed interference of Mis
sourians; that people from Missouri, outsiders, came
in thoto, took possession of the ballot-boxes, drove
off the pcoplo, and would not allow tho bona fide sot :
tiers to vote J and that amajority of tho legislature
wore ©looted by virtue, of theso illegal and Im
proper means. Upon tho question of fact, whether
this Is so or not, I .differ, and differ widely from
those gentlemenwho make tho charge; but I am
riot going to consume’ your time in tpo argument
of that question, for it is unnecessary. “I admit,
in the argument, that tho charge is true. What
was your other charge? You'say that that .leg
islature passed odious aud. offensive laws, viola
tive of tho Constitutional rights of tho. citizen,
violative of freedom of speech, violative of tho free
dom of the press; and that noratin ought to be hold
subject to tucso laws, thus passed agniust. the will
of tho majority of tho people. Now, wero not
those tho difficulties ? Wore not theso tho troublos ?
Have I presented them fairly, fully, and frankly ?
If not, correct mo:
It'is admitted; then, that theso wore tho troubles
—these odious and offensive laws—this putting upon
the people of Kansas a government by tho armed
interference of outsiders. Well, tho effect of tho
bilt which was passed In the,Senate, by tho mem
bers of the Democratic party and the National
Whigs acting-together, was to repeal these odious
and offensive laws. Was not that a full remedy for
that evil ? If the laws were repented, what com
plaint could there bo in future against those laws ?
What more ciin you do with bad laws than to repeal
them ?
Tho other objection-—tho other ovil to bo cured,
was that the legislature hud beon elected by out
siders, and that tho voice of a mujority of the
people of Kansas hud not beon heard. If thut was
true, it was a valid objection; for no minority has
a right to rule tho majority, and no outsiders bavo
a right to rule tho people of tho territory, any,
more than they have a right to-rulo and control
tho people of a State. This bill provided that tho
peoplo of Kansas—tho bona fide honest Bottlers—
the men who had gono there and becomo citizens
of that territory,—not tho Missourians who had
gone over into that territory—not the outsiders from
Mawachmotts, or Missouri,—but that tho men from
all tho State* who had gone there and become bona
fide citizens of tho territory, should at a given day
go to the polls and eloot delegates to a Convention;
that that Convention should adopt a Constitution;
that that Constitution should bo presented to Con
gress, and Kansas should bo admitted into tho
Union as a State with this Constitution thus mado
by a voico of a majority of tho bona fide citizens
or the territory of Kansas.
.That was tho bill. Was that bill right or was
It,wrong?' Did that bill meet tho difficulty ? Did
it meet tho evil complained of by our opponents ?
I < think it did. But thoy had objections to it
Thoy said, 11 We object to this bill, becauso under it
the people of Kansas cannot elect thoir representa
tives, bopause tho Misßourmns, those ‘ border-ruf
fians,’ will come iu and prevent the people from
electing thoir representatives, just as they prevented
them before” If this was true, it was a good oh-
Joctioli. Men wlio believed that this outrago had
been committed upon tho pooplo of Kansas wero
right in objecting, if it won trno that tho peoplo
were going to bo prevented from deciding this
question, and wero to be driven from tho polls It
tho/’oforo becaine'nccessary to meet the difficulty.
Tho bill declared that the citizen should bo pro
tected ; that he should enjoy his right; thatovoiy
citizen of Kansas, whether fiorn the North or from
tho South, as he stood upon tho soil of Kansas, tho
Constitution of his country in bis hand, the flng of
tho Union over his head, should have tho whole
army of tho United'States at his back to protect
him in the onjoymeut of liis right of suffrage. The
bill declared, “no armed Missourians—no inter
ference from the North against tho Southorn man
—no interference from tho South against tho
Northern wan—shall violate tho great principle
upon which this bill rests; but tho settler shall bo
protected, and if it requiro tho whole army
to stand thoro for the promotion of one single
citizen, though he b 6 the humblest man in the
land, bis Government owes it to him, and the
army shall bo there.” (Applause.) Kithcr your
whole Government was powerless, and your army
incapable of protecting the citizens of thut terri
tory, or your objection was met.
But another objeotion was made. Tho advocates
of tho froe-Stato party who complained against tho
logislnturo that was eleotod—tho Fremont men—
said, This territorial Legislature hits tho machi
nery of tho Government, And the peoplo cannot
have & fair election uuder that territorial Govern-
Tho bill provided that that dlflioulty
should bo remedied, and that there should be ap
pointed five commissioners who should superintend
that election, and see that it was fairly and
honestly conducted, so that these men, who, it was
charged, having tho machinery of tho Government
in their hands, would defraud and cheat tho
citizens, should not have it in their power
to do so, the election being placed under
tho control and direction of these five com
missioners to bo selected and appointed by the
President of the Übitod States. “But,” said the
Fremont men, “if these commissioners should be
fairly appointed, then there would bo no dlflioulty,
and tho last objcclion would ho removed; hut wo
oannot'trust tho President to appoint those com
missioners.J' Wero thoy frank, honest and sincere
when they made that objection 7 How was If they
could not trust the President to appoint five com
missioners to superintend tho elections in Kansas 7
At the time that ibis objeotion wus mado to tho
bill, knowing tho extent of mon’s prejudices, know
leg how tho paisioL of man carries away and con
trols bis judgment, I was oharitablo and generous
enough to believe that thoro was somo sincerity in
this objection—that these men wore so deoply pre
judiced against tho President that they woro not
trilling to. trust. I should hnvo remained under
that delusion down to tho present day, but for tho
fapt that before tho adjournment of Congress, tho
very men and the very party who wero not willing
to trust the President with the appointment of fivo
commissioners, voted to aunul tho existing govern
ment in Kansas—to put it in the powor of tTio Pre
sident of the United Staton to toko armed occupa
tion of that territory, to requiro tho arms which hud
been distributed among the militia to bo returned
into tho koopirig of tnid vory President They
votod the whole military power into tho hands of
tho President, and authorized him to take posses
sion of tho public highways to prevent men from
going into' the territory of Kansas, Under certain
circumstances, and nil power upon your public
highways leading towards Kansas, and all powor in
tho Territory of Kansas, should bo in the binds of
this vory Prcsidontwhom they would uot trust with
tho appoiiitinentof fivo commissioners! (Daughter
and .applause.) When that vote was given loould,
not any longer believe in the sincerity of that objec
tion- When was this monstrous vote given ? Not
1 the ordinary course of legislative business, but
, “*e ptevißlon was placed upon tho Army Appropri
' .V the very men who oonld not trust
; FrsBij!ens to appoint five ooaptiMjonera said)
PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 1857.
“ Your appropriations for,the, suppprtjbf theafmy ‘
shall bo, wittald,,und your army ’riiMt bo "dh* ‘
bandod, untoss. you • will agree 1 '
power jp, the. in reforcuoe to 'theiTd/- 1
ritory of Kansas*”/ Tho, protenep/'-wnß'
were not SviUing for ibis army to bott'sod'to virTy
out' those,odious law*. ,1 assert it tp-night/jbqU ’
therenover wiis tho arm of a, goldioi’ ’of tbtowttri
try raised upon the Boil of Kriq&ftßdr hisowtiifre.'to
enforce any one of these,bilious and'bffehsjvfl Jqto. *,
I have given tho opposition tho in ibe
argument, of tho, admission that 'there wqro o3!ou»
laws passed by (ho legislature 'of Kahshsuiild I
shali.notstoptodiseussthowi.,' .Nor'is
thfit, thorq should ,fjav,6 been o bj ec 11 o pa b! o lays
paasod by tbdt'togislatufo. ' There’W',ibYrii ’Upoq'
the,,Btatuto bbolf of my own Stutol to
opposed, and I apprehend the same TAmftrk.ctmld.
bo made .with truth by every citizen of yoririfitato,
in roferouoe to your, .laws. If it was otudsrUk*
and either your' State or my owti.bndtibtalnra 'f'
perfect eqdo of laws, our duty would be' abloaf qho,.
and that would bq ? to have ho moro legiilaroroa;
, \Vhonever#wa have roached thb
weshould rcliovooiirselvcsof tho expend dnuture
1 legislatures., Thq province of a'
repeal bqdjaws, amend apdjperr
foot incomplete ones' Ajrhifst thV it
mjisfc bo ohoyed and onforced, tho remedy
being in tho hands of tho poople', sndaklug through'
tho ballot-box. ■ ' ' , * «
-Jloro, then, I hnvo presented to you the
for theso existing difficulties In Kansas.' ! AVrttsfo,
other objections to tho 'bill? I confess I 1 hM'tibt
hoard of any t othors—l knew of nono
had seou no others urgoft with any or
warmth, with any steal, \tftih any cbnfittoncJqhtii
yesterday, when- a,' worthy citizen! of yodr bounty » J
while I was addressing thb people at dnothef point,
mentioned'to me two other' objections to .thVtyu;
As others may entertain.thqso objections, T propoW
to'give you, the answer to, them,.aBl gayojit;<o
him.. .lie said that an objcbttop to tho httryriis
that it (lid not provide that tho Constitution!,hfte i
it was madei should bq; referred to’thbpbpplefbr
their, ratlflo At ion. Herald that that wasTtofijek
tho bill so low that no man pould'support UVth&t
thorp was np precedent,for, it,‘mid
ciplo never could top justified in this Country.; The!
very sim’plo reply thpt I'first gave him Was, that
he hod supported, and sustained, atid nppWvedthb‘
admission pf California' into this Union us a state
untlor a'constitution adopted just in tho samp way,
and that he' had' sustained and approVCd/tbe*
Topeka Constitution, whioh wua no botter, hpon
that prinoiplo. But I gave him another answer'to
that and to hia other objection, whloh waft' to a
candid, frank man, satisfactory and ororwhefuftht ifll
I know not how my rnond.who asked mo tHfl'qttea
tiou received It, oh Our discussion upon: the {mint
ccasoil there. His other objeotlon was that that
bill did not ropoal nil tho laws, and thefetbro' by
repealing only the odious laws, Urecogniidd. the
oxistonce of those that wero not odious.' Well,* I
said to my friend, if the bill had passed* and the
delegates oloctcd by n majority of the peopli-hrid''
uiet together in convention and formed tuwr'ebti
stitntion, tho organisation of a State government
in the placo of the, territorial govemiitoiifcwoutd
havo ignored tho territorial LegislatiWeftttreJy,
and tho people would h&volmd the power to repeal
nil tho laws that word objectionable*tfl['them.
(Applause ) - •' .i l*.
But when tho chnrgo was, that there werofodtoM
and offensive'laws, and the bill ropoaUd*
od|ouF'nnd offensive laws,is it not a strange objection
that it did not ropeal the laws that were Wnobjeo
tionablo? But thortf was an answer 'to-theso* ob
jections, as there is to every possible objection 1 that
can bo brought against this bill. ‘ i • * • ,
I have shown you that the bill wfts intended ’to
moot—-and by its provisions did meet—the two
great difficulties: these odious laws, and tho im
proper ihlerferoneo of outsiders from 'Missouri
with tho poople of, tho Territory of Knnitfa. 1 'Bilt
if tho bill was defective in any purtiouTnr what
ovor. was that a reason for rejection, or wo* jt not 1
a reason for, its amendment? Tbo bill,' haying
passed tbo Senate, was sent to the House of Repre
sentatives; it was placed upon' tho speaker’s tohlo
of tho House, and from that hour it-slept there
until tho adjournment of Congress. Wd wanted to
toko it Up; wo'wanted to pass it. Wo were In the
minority; we had not- tho power. If tlftf Fremont
party had any amendments to offer to the bill—-If
it was not satisfactory to them—if they Wfthtod
other provisions—l put it to you,' my countrymen!
was it the right policy for them to rofuso to take up
tho bill at alt; or was it not tlieir duty, and our
duty, and tho duty of all the reprcsoifiatlves, to
toko up tho bill, oxnmino It, and, if HirJa defec
tive, amend it 7 If tbo Bennto had‘ refused to
agtoo to tho amendment, tho bill ritfght havo
fallen, and tho question of responsibility'would
have been, whether tlip Senate was right to lone
tho bill on tho araoi.draont of tho House,' or the
Houso to lose tho bill upon 'its own 'amendment.
Not unfrcquontly, when bills of Importniicb are
ponding between the two Houses,
offered t>y tbo House, rejected by the Qlhoi*. and
they pass from House to Houso, and eOmhtittoesof
conference are appointed, until finally'tbo tW6
dlousos ugreo. Wliy, In the cose of this army bill,
two bills wore lost in ton days, and It was «f>ly ? by
a third effbrt and s third bill that tb*-army
JiUl could bo passed; Uud yot wben far,
tho paoiflbalion of Kansas camo from the Seb&to tff
tho House of Representatives, they would not even
not upon it Thoy passed tboir bill and sent it to
the Senate; tbo Benoto .inodo amendments'and
sont it back to tho House, and there the bill slopt;
and whon Congress ndjournod, ’ both bills were
stooping there upon tho SpoaKer’s table. .Was
that right ! Wo are told that civil war is’raging
in Kansas; thut toother Is imbruing bis band in
the blood of brother; that wo arc threatonod with
war throughout this land; and yet IhU is tho uvsn
ncr in which a bill proposing to dispose oP thtse
difficulties is moti what would have been tho re
sult, if that bill had passed ?’ Would not ana-,
jorily of tho bona fuh citizens of Kansas bovo
.settled ihtoquostion for themselves? ’
, Now. tho only question is, are you witling tiat
tho bona Jide citlztoiß of Kansas shall settle ihe
question ? The complaint was that a majority lad
not boeu heard ; tho bill provided that tho majeri*
ty should bo hoard. The complaint was that citi
zens had boeu driven off by improper interferomo;
tho bill provided that tlmro should be nonehire
aftor. . Tho bill provided, by all tho moans wtich
tho power of our .Uovemnont'waß capable of
bringing to boar, that a fair, bonafidt , honest ex
pression of opinion should be given by tho pe<plo
there,, and that it should bo tho law of tho tout.
. I sqy that tyat principle was right. Now, gen
tlcmon who belong to tbo opposition party—tho
supporters of Fremont for tho Presidency—tell mo,
are you willing for tho peoplo to docido this qios
tion for theinsolves? ’You aro not willing; you
know that you aro not. You aro witling that moy
shall deeido some questions for themselves; younro
willing that they shall decide tho question of jour
rights and my rights—of tho relation of liuamnd
and wife, child and parent. AU the prlnciphsof
government controlling tho title to property, rigu-
Tating lifo and liborty—my lifo, my liberty; ;our
life, your liberty—tho dearest rights of fVeeuoh,
purchased by the blood of Revolutionary bsttba—
tlteso great mul inestimable rights overyboty is
willing to entrust to the hands of tho pcopoof
Kansas; but you will not trust them to deeido ipon
tho question of “niggers.” (Applause.) Tour
lifo and liberty, if you go among them,'is net too
dear nor too important to. bo entrusted to the peo
ple of Kansas; out we cannot trust them, snf our
friends of the Fremont party, to dooidoupoi tho
question of slavery. I stand upon a prlnclpb. I
hold that the will of tho majority of tnc peojlo of
Kansas should decide this question; and I say here
to-night boforo this people and before this couitry,
that T, for one, shall abide the dooislon of thopeo
plo thero. I hold to tho rlghtof tho pooplo toself
government. I atu willing for them to uecidt this
question. If I bo a member of Congre&t>whei this
question shall eomo before that body, if a maority
of tho people thero deeido in favorof slavery icing,
n part of their institutions, I shall vote, fortheir
Admission with their pro-slavery constitution; if,
on the other hand, a majority of tho pooplethoro
decide that thoy do net want slavery and preeut a
frce-Stutc Constitution, I will veto forthch 1 Emis
sion into the Union as u free Btoto in obcdiaicoto
tho voice and will of tho pooplo. -(Appluus.) I
stand by my principles; I intend to carry them
out; I onro not not how they oporato Pmriptos
aro dearer to mo than tho results of any elction,
any contest in Knnaasv I would Wot plant savory
upon tho soil of any portion of Qod’s ,earth (gainst
tho will of tho pooplo. Tho Govornmontif tho
United States should not foreo the instituionof
slavery upon tho people either of the Torrittfios or
of the States against tho will of the people, hough
iny voice could bring about that result. Jstand
upon tho prinoiplotho iieopleof my Statotochto
it for themselves, you for yourseivos, tho peplo of
Kansas for thomselvcs. (Applause.) Thatlstho
Coubtitution’and I standby the Constitution -
[A gentleman hero interrupted Mr. Gobi, with
his consent, to inquiro whether ho meant tlat the
peoplo of the Territory, before forming tber con
stitution, should havo tho power to exeludo savory,
or that thoy should have tho power to pnssipon it
whon they form their constitution. He also losirod
tho spoaker to explain not only hisown vievon tho
subject, but also the view which is advoetod by
thoso who stand with him In the Bouthcrn3tatcs,
and support Mr. Buchunan.]
Mr. Cobb,iosuming, said: Fcllow-oitizon, there
nover has been, In all (ho history of this lavory
matter, a wore puroly theorotioal issue, tUn tho
ono involved in tho question propounded tune by
nty friend; and I wilt show it to you. I wll state
to you tho positions of the advocates if this
doctrine of non-intervention, on which thro nre
different opinions held; but I will show j«u that
It 13 tho purest abstraction, In a practice point
of view, that ever was proposed for jolitieal
discussion. Thero are those who hold *jat tho
Constitution carries all the institutions of this
country into all the territories of tho Union;
that slavery, being ono of tho Inatituiloii? recog
nized by the Constitution, goes with tho Cmstltu- ■
tion Into the territories of the United Btatis; and 1
that niton tho territorial government Isorpinized,
the noqpto havo no right to prohibit slqver; thero,
until thoy eouie to form a Stato uoustititior. That;
is what my friend mills Soutliorndootrim.” There
is anothor class who hold that tho peopli of tho ter
ritories, in their territorial Btato, and milst acting i
as a territorial legislature, hnvo a rigjt to decide 1
upon the question wholhor slavery shaltoxlst thero
during their territorial stato; aud thi has boon
dubbed “squattersovoreignty.” Now,pui)Qrceivo
that thero is but ono point of differeno botwoen
the advocates of tho two doctrines. J'hcli holds
that tho peoplo hnvo the right to deoil«tho ques
tion in tha territory; one holds that ittoa bo done
through the territorial legislature, aid whilst it
has a territorial existence, tho other .olds that it
can bo dono only when they como to |»rm a Btato
constitution. But thoso who hold th 4 tho torri
toriul legislature cannot pans a law prohibiting
Blavory, admit that unless tho torriirinl legis
lature pass laws for Us protection, lavory will
not go tnoro. Thoroforo, practically of
tho people represented In the tcrrUoriq legislature
dcoiucs the question. Wliothor thoy ecido it by'
prohibiting according to the ono dolriuo, or by
rofuKing to pass laws to protect it, as cptomlod for
by tho other party, is immaterial. Bo majority
of the people by tho notion of the ternotlal legis
lature will decide the, question; aid all must
abido tho decision when ibudo. ' ((iroi applause.)
, My friend, you,, otoeriro that—no patter what
tho issue which is prossuted—l stand ipon a prin
ciple. There I planted myself in the commence
ment of this argument—thu right of tlo people to
self-government. I intend to malntaij it, to stand
by it, to carry it out, to enfotoo it. ;f it operate
to thff HNluafon ti tbs people Qf my s«tion of the
. Country from these. territories, bo it fo; it is llio
Constitution of the nuul!\ey Imvo uo right
'tocopjplain. If it operate Jn'thCir behalf and for
k thoir protection,"!'fcliir upon yvu* to f»ay, ia it not
right that theV should havo tlid benefit tot* it ?
Nojy, my friends, let mo prapo3o for your conside
ration what is to bo tho effect of ignoring or re
jecting those principles—-whatis to be the effect of
the fluccosj of your party. ' ■
; I am not here to pass a eulogy upon James Bu
chanan. He is your iol|ow-citizon. and you know
him. Mon are carried far away by their prejudices
and their ppasien?, when they denounce «U integ-,
rity us a inun, or his qualifications ns a .statesman.
I know it'la not necessary that I should stand upon
tho soli of Pennsylvania,' and defend her “favorite
son” from charges such ns iho3» Fleet him; lot
r him early out by his administration theso princi
ples which I havo discussed, and I ask you by tho
Ufcht of calm reason to say, do you not believe that
justice will be done to all portions of your country;
that peace will be restored and .prosperity become
ouy future lot i On tho other band, put the repub
licans in powcr-r-placo tho government of this conn*
£ry*in the hands of the Fiemont party—what is
purpose? Do you intend to carry out the priuoiples
which' ydu advobat'o before the country?’ Do you
intoiid to fulfil the pledgo which yodr publio men
liavo made—which tho leading men of your party
havo proclaimed—which the public press of your
party Bas announced' What is It? You announco
It as your dootrito*- that no more slave States shall
be .admitted .into the Jfniou. Thoip stands your
Cqnstitu.tioq, formed by your fathers, which wys,
MpoVShites may be admitted into tho (Jnl6n, and
you can only inquire Whother their jjOrornmont is
Republican in its form. But you propose to
pato a new feature; you propose to a nypr
pondltmh." 'Hoito' is tho bond..rorjnocf'by'Ydtir father
hndmino. lam willing to (Ivo by jt; I ask you if
ypu are witling fo live by it. If so, why do you put
nnbw condition infhA bond. Thc bond, thoOonsti
tution, says, “ new States may be ndmittod into tho-
Union, The friends of the Constitution/ the
friends of the equality of tho States, the friends of
the rights of the States say, » l ‘new Statos may bo
admitted into the Union,’, nuil, wo will only inquire,,.
*ls yqur form of government ” You
go beyond ,tho Constitution: you go beyorid. tjio
boWd. Youstrlko down’that guarantee to your'
brethren of the South, and say to them, “Wo will
put on a mew condition*.'ho Slate'shall be admitted
into lhis Unioh that has your institutions.”
Ah Auditor. That is not in -tho. Philadelphia
Platform. * « .
)Mr, Cobb. 1,-know that it is notepad I have hot
said that it was. I ask my friend if he is in favor
of thoadnmslop of slavo States into tho Union.
Auditor? The gentleman is discussing, ns I un
derstand, (he Piiilndelphia Platform.
Mr. Cobb. I iihvo not alluded to it.
• Auditor. I am not about to introduce myself
into thneontryvorsy. J merely wished, Jo enunciate
afflict for this liasombty,—that thu Fremont party,
as I understood it, has enunciated no such duotriuo
aa is laid 4°wn. liuonuttodo it In a courteous
lUannor.
Mr. Cobb. You did it in a proper and courteous
spirit, no ono Ims a right to object to it.
i I havo not said the Philadelphia Platform once.
I know that thu Philadelphia Platform commits tho
marty only to tho admission of Kansas as a free
Stato. It docs not say that Kansas shall be a free
Stato, because it is tho wilt of the people that may
ibe there when she is admitted; but it says it shall
bo a free State? because th&Lparty arq ({ctorminod
to admit it only as a freo’State. [Applmwo.] I
know thoy did not put various things in tho Pliila
dolphin Platform; and n 3 my friend draws' mo to
that platform, I will discuss it. Thu Philadelphia
Platform did hot'dodlare this doctrine thdVno slavo
State should be admitted into tho Union. Tell mu
a single raau of yoar party who advocates tho right
of a slave Stato to be admitted into the Union; lull
me a press of your party advocates it; toll mo
a public man that advocates it; toil mo a State con
vention that bps passed a resolution iu favor of jt.
On tlio contrary, nave not your publio men, your
public presses, your county conventions, your Slate
conventions boldly announced—has it not been
heralded forth to the land, pnvdrriracd from one
State to all tho rest whore your Fremont p irty ex
ietß—“ thoro shall be no mou> slave States?” Can
my friend euunciute that ho in in favor of tho ad
mission of a slave Stato into the Union ? .
Now, why did they not put it in their platform?
Was there nobody there to suggest it ? (Laughter.)
Did thoy forgot it ? (Laughter and applause.)
Or have they abandoned the doctrine ? No\v, Ido
in ull sincerity say, I wish I could boliovo that
they had abandoned the doctrine Will iny friend'
autborUo wp L to say to the country -tlpitjlm Fre
undiit party do not hold that doctrine ?* Wilt ho
rise up boro nml sty that tho Fremont party have
repudiated that doctriuo ? 1
..Auditor, In tho samo oourtfous spirit in which
1 made tho remark before, I havo only to say, in
nuswor to what seems to bo n personal appeal, that
in this controversy I fupjiosed tho gentleman pro
,posed to discu33 tho principles of thu Philadelphia
platform and of Mr. Fremont. Now, I imvo scon
no declaration on the part of Col. Fruuiuut autho
rizing the gentleman to state that ho would not
pnnotion tho admission of any sla\o State into tho
(Union. Col. Fremont baa not authorized any such
X, may my then* with groat
couriusy, that, in my opinion, tho gcntUunau has
no right to assume that position; and if bo will
permit me to go ono step further, 1 will say, in ad
dition, that tho position taken by thtr Fremont
party, (so to designate it,) in regard to tho admis
sion of new States is in referenuo to territory north
qftho Missouri Compromise line—(load applause) —
in roxVrenuo to that territory alono ; and tho prin
ciple upon which they not, (and tho gentleman, as
I understand him, speaks and acts altogether from
principle)—tho principle upon which thu Fremont
party not, ib thu prmoiplu which was enunciated
by the Stato of Virginia in 1781), when sho ceded
tho Northwest Territory to the Uuitcd States, ami
put into that region tho declaration that no slavo
should be admitted into that territory threvor ;
(loud applause;) amliftho Frciuont party stand
upon any doctrine that is inconsistent with the
doetrino of popular sovereignty, it inbeeau<e thoy
have suoh high authority as tho State of Virginia,
which originated that doctrine, and of Thomas
Jefferson, who sanctioned it. (Ureal applause.)
Now, I beg pardon of tho gentleman for this in
terruption, and I thank this audionco for tho
courteous manner in which they havo received tho
suggestion, phich I havo made, hcuuuso I desire to
call tho attention of tho honorable gontlcmau from
Georgia,* (whoso talents aro well known iu this
community, and whoso patriotism, permit uiu to
suy, stands high hero ip thuoninion yf bis tello.voili-.
zons,) to thu position whioh’tho pooplo in tho
North horo havo taken upon this subject, and to
tho fuel that thoy base their position now upon tho
authority of tho Stato of Virgiuia in Kevolutiouary
times, and of Thornus Jefferson, who bus been re
garded, in this part of tho country, aa tho Father
of tho Domocratic party. (Applauso.)
Mr. Cobb. Thoro was no necessity for my friend
to apologUo for consuming my timo. because tho
interruption was a corroot ono; tho points hcniado
aro properly stated, and I will endeavor to moot
thorn. ,
His first poMtlort is ihot tho Philadelphia plat
form makes no such declaration as that no mure
slave States shall bo admitted, ami that John U.
Fremont, tholr candidate, never having mild so, I
am not authorized to chargo it upon them. I had
ondeavored, iu tho few remarks which I have just
mado in answer to him, to show that thu Philadel
phia platform purposely avoided thoissuo, That
platform was made by men who had declared the
doctrine over and over again— upon tho tloor of
Congress—ujton tho publio hustings—through tho
publio press—that no moro slave States shall be
admitted into tho Union. Joshua K. G hidings, of
Ohio, was ono member of that Convention—a iuau
who has served long und faithfully in tho causo of
tho Abolition party of this country—a man who
has declared over and over again, that thoro shall
be no more slave States in tho Union. 110 was
surroundod by men who hold tho sumo opinions;
and thoro was not a singlo man in the Convention
that mado tho platform and nominated Fremont,
who advocate, or is willing to stiud by, tho doc
trine of aluvo istates being admitted into tho Tuion,
eithor North or South of tho Mis-ouri lino.
....... ....... w, V. ........... VIU.IIUV,
But my friond says to iuo that buoauso Mr. Fre-
mont has mado no such declaration, theioforo I
hu'vo no right to chargo it upon his purty. That
just corroborates an answer that I gavo to a gen
tleman since 1 havo been in your county who
asked mo tho question, “ What on tho faco of this
earth made tho Republican party nominate John
C. Fremont 1 My answer was, because he had no
record, aud . .they - wanted to rim a blank.
ghtor and long-continued applause.) Accord-
So tho doctrine of my friend, wo aro to ho held
r. Fremont’s principles as announced by him.
Where aro thoy te bo found '* (ttouewod laughter.)
Just about whero his battles aro to bo found; for
Mr. Fremont occupies tho peculiar nml the high
position of being a military hero without a
battle , and a statesman without a record. (Loud
laughter.) ,
But my friend says that the position of his party
is merely in icfurcnoo to tciritory north of ihirty-
Biv dogruos, thirty minutes. How long sineo your
party foil in love with thirty-six degrees, thirty
minutes t How often did your party reject thirty
six degreos, thirty minutes l In lk)U, when that
— that bitter, threatening struggle—wus
going on. and when tho descendants ot Jefferson
and thoir compeers, from Virginia, nml your
brethren from tho wbolo South, emno und appealed
to you and said, ■ “ let us make this liuo of thirty
six degrees, thirty minuted more tnerud yet; lot
us extend it to tho Pacific, and lot us say no moro
slavo Stales nortli of thirly-rix degrees, thirty
minutes, ami south of thut lino it shall bo just as
tho peoplo determine,” not a man of your party
could bo found to stand by tho doetriuo. And you
say that you loam this from Thymus Jefferson and
from Virginia. My tvlond has got mightily In lovo
all at once with Virginia. (Laughter and ap
plause.) How long will it bo befoio this stand will
ho occupied.by somo ono wbo will tulk about tho
peoplo of Virginia ns “ nigger-breeders,” *• traf
fickers in human flush,” and no doubt, at this very
hour, tho voices of the* advocates of Fremont for
tho Prosidonuy aro titling tho uir in more than ono
place in this broad Union, pouring down the bitter
denunciations yf your party upon the heads of tho
peoplo who livo in tho honored and venerated State
of Jefferson. I wish, my friends, that that spirit
could be iuvoked which would movo ustoeliug and
cluster around tho memory of Jefferson, and thoso
principles taught by our fathers, i wish tlmtiuy
friend, and all others, could foul as Jefferson felt
whon this very Missouri contest was rocking our
country to and fro, and tho ship of State was riding
upon the waves that threatened to engulph hor
beneath their angry foam. Mr. Jeffoison then
said: “This Blnvery agitation falls upon my car
liko tho fire-bell at night.” Oh, (hut now, in tho
agitation of 1860, my friend oould fool as Jefferson
felt in tho agitation of 1820. Thoio stnnds Vir
ginia, “tho mother of States and of statesmen;”
and y6u rise up hero to-night before this Pennsyl
vania nudionoo, and seek to arouse and exoito this
people ogaiußt her; und the charge that you bring
against her und her sons is, that she gavo to you
and “ to freedom,” us you .say, tho Northwestern
Tyriitory—that immense ernpiro which win all
her?, and upon every inch of which she could have
planted slavery if sho would; but, with n gener
ous heart, bcfoie tho ndoptiouof your Constitution,
sho oauio und toudored it at the altar of her coun
try. (Applause.) Now, Virginia comes beforo
you with the Constitution adopted after tho
siou af the Northwestern Territory, and. holding
that Constitution in her hand, she says to her
brethren of the North : “ Hero was our generous
Sift— the offering whioh we made to you of tho
ortbf Mil all that we oak of you in return la tho
Constitution, equality, and justice.” (Groat ap
ptausc.)
But, my friends,' What moro doe.s this Fremont
party projvwo? ’I cannot find it in the Philadel
phia platform, but,l iCannot find anything else
thoro except that they want to got powor; they do
not put thoir principles thero. .But I find it in
tlm declarations of their public men—l find it in
their public journals—in tbeir speeches, and their
editorials, and thoir talk at tho street-corners —in
thuir hotels, and around thoir social hearth
stone—l find it everywhere where the Advocates of
party are. Aro you in favor 6f the
lugitiyo Slave law 7 There is not-ft word said
about it in tho plattorui. Hero wero inon rout in
convention to nominate a candidate for tho Presi
dency and to lay down a platform, and wo are told
that to find their principles wo must go to their
platform. Mr. Guiding* .wps a member of that
oouvontion. Ho has stood upon the floor of Con
gross slnoe the puasago of tho Fugitive Slave law
and has denounced It as an outrage—us violative of
tho Constitution ; h01i33 called the honest officer
nf tho law a “slave-hunter,” nnd has sought to
bring down tho odium and condemnation of the
people 6f the North upon every man who would
Fc-ek to carry out tho law. You have been tpld
that tho Fugitive Slave law is nu iniquity—bn
outrage—a violation of the Constitution—an act
trampling updri tho’ rights of the FrOc eitiafena of
the North. Have you not been told so? Hivo
you not been told tfyat it is a black stain.upon the
record ?, Xfhf djd you not put it jn yburplatform
that yeu’wknted'tb repeal it? WhatdoesFtettiont
thiok about<iU > J kayo,©admitted,Mio, actuate of
hlsljfe; I havo looked at UUrecord; but I cannot
find ontwhatho thinks aboat it/'llflast ink' those
who iutend to uso him—worse men ’than him*.
self—with no better hearts but wiser heads—l
moan mei\ ,who»>however honest .they > cmy be
in the ( opiuiona which theyholdj ftte waning upon
the Constitution of iny,'country and Uio rights .of
tho pcopldof myVcolfim'UndeVthat Constitution.'
I‘have tmowft you the oporation of their principles
in the oate ef the, admission'of new States. Now
take tho provision for the delivering.up of fugitive
Blavps. iDoyou intend to oarry that-out?. Will
your party carry it out ?, - la there a
withm hearing of my voice—is thero ,a Fremont
man' iu'fill this broad land who does not believe
that ir Fremont and his party got into povfcr the
Fugitive Slavo law will be strickeu down. There
is your Constitution, in aechrdanco with whose re.
qnlrcmonU.the Ifiw was nimje. The law covor de
livered up any but fugitive' staves \ frogmen have
never boon delivered 1 uriddr Hj.it odnnot' be
done; And yet you wljfndt stand by tlid law.
: 'My friends, taxo rtny' provision of your Consti
tution,which id intended ,|o guaranty, and protect
the rights of your brethren of *hd South ; are you
willing to Bland byjt? ' No.v; Hit not'true tnkt
yon feci yourselves, and arp teaching qtiildteu;.'
is tt uot becoming a phrVof tho ’moral iflStrWtioff
that you aro day by dty and hour by Mir poising
into the minds ohd hoirtg of tho p£6pio ,df
land, that slavery is a groat outrage wntyli ought
not to bo tolerated, and that thopo of the South,
whom you ought to hold as brethren,’are butdittlo
(if any) better than barbarians and heathens, dn‘-j
worthy of social and Christian intercourse?' fa it
not bu, my t friorids? How, then, do Von intend to
pro3urvo the guarantees of the Coneurutidh? *!
Supple you wore assembled to-night to forth *
constitution. Plant .yourselVea. tq-nlght' Wndf6
.your fathers stood; go to old Independence Squanjj’,
stand upon the soil on whioh Htoqd the gyoat And;
good men of tho Revolution; go sit .where WAsh-'
iugton sat; go ooouny tho Seat of ytiiir Pennsylva
nia representative fn tnat Convontidd/, jYefojoii’;
called upon te make a constitution would y6p iufotst 1
tho ConatitnliOn ns it stands?., Would yod say by*
tho Coustitution that fugiliv'o ajaves do
literod up? If you would, then livA*. up to
only initsleHorbutin its. , Do not plapo
(the words (here when the spirit I* notpormitwd Td
,go with tho wordß., Ifyou wouldplaad/that prb^ :
vision lu tho Coustitution', I ask'you why will sou
,iiot carrY It out when It jiaa bCun plactsd, there by
iyour futfiers ? Kxamjiie your heart plofcalV’t&iiigbt,
;atid you wiH'fihd that If you Should nhw forma
jConstitution, you'would j/orput ihU tharprqvi-'
isioa; yon would not bind yourself to deliver up IhV
'fugitive alavo. Then you fife nof in favor ortho
Constitution, for it h tho Constitution .that f pro
• Jsont to you. 1 Jf you wero making a 'constitution
yon would say; “No States except free States.”
That 13 not the Coustitution; that is ndt the h(jhd‘;
that ia not What wo hare agreed to.
Now, my friend, what is to bo the result should
'your parly obtain tho power of tho Government ? A 1
' .majority of your pooplo at tho North have exclud
ed thoir Southern brethren—havo conducted this!
election upon a priueipto on which know they
cannot co-opornto with you. You carry tjiis cleo*
lion with iv knife in your hand ready to 1 stab the
jvituls of your Constitution —that Constitution
[whioh protects and defends the pooplo of the Sooth
r uud their rights. A friend lias sent to thd desk'a
;<iue<dioii in wilting: What will bo the result?
'WbatwilJ all this terminate.'in?. What is-to be
.the effect l Will the Union bo dissolved f If thftt
to bo tho result ? Such is the, purport of tho qnes-'
tiou. I say te you, answer it yourselves. Bupposo
(that your brethren of tho South had th 6 majority
jand'ahould moot together and declare : “We will*
voloo fhall not be herrd; any,
'peoullar interest of hors shall uot bo protected by
the Constitution,' but Bliatl be strikeu down ; every
guarantee'whtoh Unit instrument gives totUe North
shall bo disregarded; wo of the South have the
power and wo will oxeroiso itJ* What would you
do under auoh circumstances { Your brethreu of
tho South are no better and no worse than you.
Thoy aro not your superiors, nor your inferiors, but
your equals. If jou want to know iny honest
judgment, my opinion is that tho olectiou of
Freiuout. will result in tho subversion of the
Constitution, and, at no distant day; I kuow
not and ounuot say how soon. When tho Con
stitution fails, thoro is no Union—your Union
is gono ; and I beliovo—(l may bo wroug, but
it is tho honest eonviutiou of my judgment)—
that the issuo of the Union is dopomjeat upon the
result of this election. I may bo at fault; I may
bo wrong; timo must disclose it. I am not hero to
throaten, and if thisquestion was proposed in order
to draw from mo u. threat, I have no reply to
make to tho spirit that dictated it. You havo
my honest unswor. I am not hero to say I
mu not authorized to say what tho South will
do, or alien *ho wil act; but f ask you to contem
plate her whou tho Constitution has been.striukou
down, whon hor right* havo boon diarogauled,
whon sho is no longer protected in tho Union; aud
if you want to know what shp will do, ask your
. selves, “ What would we do under such uircum
ataucoa?” (Applause.) Ask yourselves, v.hat did
the fathers of tho Revolution do when tho hand of
oppression was laid heavy upou them. (Renewed
nppluuso.) I toll you that so long asouodropof
that blood which purchased American freedom and
American equality courses in tho veins of the
people of the South or of tho North, they will have
oquulity, right, and justice, for they would rather
njako Amorioa tho, grave-yard oU'reemoq than the
patudigo of slaves. :(Loug-couiinued obeurihg.)i i
Another question which I Jpivo bpep requested
to answer is, would a supporter df Fremont be per
mitted to go and address tho peoplo of iny State in
eupport of his principles. That scorns te bo a very
troublcßomo question; I have hoard it suggested
Uso or three times. I anßvrer you: Any man can
go before tho peoplo of Georgia to address them
upon any question, who does not seek to create in
surrection ; to apply the torch to my hearthstone
and tho knife to tho throat of my wife apj.chil
dren ; and svhon such a man seeks to excite any
portion of tho peoplo of tho Boutb, If you wish to
know what ought to bo done, ask yoursolvcs what
you would do if a man sveio found horo in tho
streets of Westchester, seeking to excite any por
tion of tho people to the commission of arson, rob
bery, and murder, to the taking of the lifo aud the
destruction of tho property of your fellow-citizen*.
How Jong would you hour with his nets and his
conduct { Tho people of the Suuth aro jmt
as tho pooplo of tno Nortli. Tho South is
for free discussion upon utl questions ; but
must not seek to make hor onn soil tho battle
ground upon ivliioh you aro to croato insur
rection and cause tho first stream of blood to flow 1
inasurvilo wurfaro. You would not submit to it.
Go ufck tho people of I’liUodelphia 1 where, tome
twenty years ago, (I beliovo it was,) a certain
temple 101 l beneath tho flames put to it, not by
Southern men, but by your own citizens. Go ask
tho peoplo any where in this hind—candid, frank
men, honest, conscientious men— u bother they
would submit to suoji proceedings. Suppose a man
should go among the farmers of your country, and,
having ticcosa to their laborers, should advise thorn
to bum tho burns of thoir masters, destroy their
property, seize thoir estates, rise up and murder
tho owners and divido their land. I put the ques
tion to you, how long would you let tuut man ad
dress the people f How loug would ho bo permit
ted to talk horo in tho county of Chester? Take
any other question than that which involves tho
very peace, aud quiet, and happiness of the
heurthshmo of your brothron of tho South—which
involves the life of our wives nnd children—take
any othor question, and have they refused to meet
you in argument f Thoy warred ui*ou the Tariff'
Hard —hard was tho struggle on that. You re
member that Carolina threatened disunion
becauso tho Tariff was oppressive—because it ruined
hor._ Did unybody object to the discussion of the
Tariff upon the soil of Carolina 7 Noobjeetion has
over been made to the discussion fd‘ any legitiiuuto
and constitutional question ujxm tho soli of my
State, andnoverwilt he. (Loud npplauao.)
My friends, I havo now dipcua-ieu tho questions
which I regal d n 4 vital ones in this issue, atgroator
length thau I hull intended. 1 havo endeavored
to discuss them iu a candid, frank, and kind spirit.
I have endeavored to invoke n good spirit in re
sponse from you. If tho grout prinoiplos wnioh I
have laid down aro truo, and well.founded, sus
tain them; carry them out; lot them bo inaugu
rated Into tho administration of your Government.
Let this Governinoiit bo conducted upon thoso
principles, and, in my opinion, it will restore peace
und quiet, and happiness; it will bind up these
rankling wounds; it will dry up tho fountain fimu
whioh i*me these bitter waters; it will rostoro
hnrmouy and good feeling, and our brothron shall
stand upon all the soil of America, North and
Bouth, as our fathers stood upon your soil nnd
mino, and all tho soil of America, during tho
mighty stiiigglo of tho Ituvolut on. Break down
thoso principles—strika down tho law—let anarchy
roign, taking tho placo of tho Constitution, of law,
of right, of justice, of equality; and, ofwhut
Would follow I will not paint the pioturo—l will
not draw tho outturn und let you look upon tho
scene beyond. I tiust wo may never bo called
upou to witness that i-eono; it is for you and our
eountiymon tluoughout tho land to dotermino it.
Tho responsibility roidH upon tho peoplo of Penn
sylvania, perhaps, to a greater extent than upon
tho people of any other Stato in this Union
Mr. Buohnnan was presented to tho country as a
conservative, sale, sound,national man. Pennsyl
vania gavo to tho country tho pledge of her confi
dence in hor own groat statesman. We lead his
htomtbe records ot our country; wo read it upon (
the pages otHUo history of the Senate; wo read it j
ir ) tho Administration of Mr. Polk ; we read it in
his foreign correspondence ; wo read it in his rep* i
lesontatien of our Government in Russia nnd in j
Ragland; wo road his character in tho opinion of -
tho world, whioh declared him a model statesman
an honest man. (Groat appiauso.) Yourcountry- :
mon said to you, “Wo give to you as a candidate
James Buchanan;” wo nowuak you, give to us as
a President your own truo son, James Buchanan. <
It is in your powor and you ought to respond.
jYoicos,“ Wo will respond.”) I doubt it not; ami 1
it will bo a happy and a prosperous day when tie 1
voipo of the people shalljproclaim hi? election, i
TWO CENTS.
poaWm further. h ° * r B auie "‘: l »»' «ge the ep‘
Jiefore I close, let me return my thank, to these
lailics who have favored mo with their presence
I Invite you not into this political irena ; P I do„ot
ask you to come into .this contest. Remain whir,
you are—tho guardians pf thq young, the teachers
o the hearts as well as the minds of those’ w!
that daijy play around your feet. Mothers of the
land ! tho future statesmen of this country—those
who aro to rulo its destiny for weal or forwod—aro
to-day ploying about you,, Their young hearts aro
♦pen andcdpublo'of improision. Take them aud
bring tbfcm to the altar of their ebuotry—lhat al
tarthat was purchased by the blood ofyour father*
plnat altar at \rhicti your revolutionary mothers
knelt and poured forth Ihelr holy prayers to Him
who rules above; plant id the heart* of the rising
generation' truth and love—not hatred and anf
rndslty J let thete flow from their hearts pu?o foun
tairtt-rnot blttef.watere ;’and tbatUnion which
was a. tjlessipg to your .mothers shall bo a blessing
to your daughters,‘and to your daughters' daugh
ters, to the’latent generation. Providence hasgiven
it fis a.beacou-light to the wbrld. Woman,?in her
quiet, privatQ retirtmeat,&rQund th*f
and in the family circle, moulds the heart* of our
futoro statesmen; ami In tho hkhtls of Woman I am
willing, under the providQQcd of God, to entrust
tho tuturo dcMiny 01 my country.
(Long-continued applause. apiid which
speaker retired.) . ». * • !.:,•< > -
i ! * ! f - .. t4 . ~r •
SBSATOB DOUGLAS By AN OPPOSITION
The following eXetCliof Hon-Sispina A.
Pounpis, by the editor of a Republican paper,,
tho Newbmyport ,(Maes.): Herald,ds graphic'
and :BHiuaiog« According to . Our policy of
giving every shade of opinion a fitir bearing,
wo let'this, writer; speak for himself. It ap
pears .that’ he ‘Was a passenger, Wifh Judge
RolioiAa on a frip in tho cars irom St. Louis
ko Chicago, at the close of the celebration of
the opening of the Ohio ad(l Mississippi rail
road in Juno last. ~i , ‘“.1.,,.. >
That little hmn, with a big,'round hoed, u brow
almost as broad as Webster’s, and a -1 quick, active'
eye, that rolls under the hoary projecting brow,
watching every othor mau, and not allowing a mo
tion, to escape him,—with arum too short for his body,
which is full and round as though it never lacked
the juices that supply life; and with small duck
lega, which, had. they gromi a* thick - as • his
back-bouo,’ (and they .would probably, if. Provi
dence had not foremen that, ho would want
than* Icgsin'hls bittle of'iire,)'
would haVo made liim.tif ,reip«|abUStature';—
tbatliHlp man i# no, less IJban tbegroot politiciau
pf the Irfist, .lias auracted more attention in
the last four-ycire thhn
tipp, pod .doqu'ww, direction ,td; public
ey Qn wiwidaßts.with amilUomand
a half “Votert at his ualkyfimf too aVtnyj Davy.’and'
treasury of KdnhAtoeriftMidibl& command: 1 It is
M ,e ‘‘Little Giant,” Stephen. Ad Doogldsp with
whom we parted company at ..Vincennes, and who
ha# Slowly come along, fofelihg tho public puWlo
learn the.political health of Ufa to
Bpringfleld, the capital oftho State-;; ;
i Tho means of lu .Senator Douglas are
kery'XppttbAt.i First 1 hi Really‘and intelleo
frßfPAfcWSn. people who view him
PU'J - * Jow.poUtiqiaOv should diaabnsp \ their
tnitlds hi relation to bno’Who 'is *to exercise a wide
influence In the affairs tof the Aonafrj',
probably—for, he is jot youpg—to be the head pf
the Republic. He is massive in Ida conceptions,
bfoad J aud comprehensive 1 tn‘ ms , 'viiws7 And in a
good measure Is. endowed.-with all those powers of
xhlnd that make a statesman,. ~ , t ,
ho is greater still'in energy oF Character.
fThorb- art tbort whtf think that 1 a* defeat of him'
wflttiillbebUdflathjinpolltks; bat the
mam wh° sprung: frpm > cabinet-maker’a shop, in
jWnndht, and withbut fnthor or friend worked bis
[way. to aa honorable pUee. upon the bAnch of
jVdgW, fhp lUtaiswftkdsM than, fifty,
pouts in money,and not one cent in credit, and has
’dbqqfred great weatthtend the highest st-itloh and
intfuAuco, is not hasily to bo whipped oat/ F frot if
he i, groat ip uun4.,am| greater in yuergy, he. to
greatest in. tho-o winning manner, .from ttbioh,
.the 'worlu' oelle bid 'a deinagbgoo. ‘ 'Scarcely
woiq&a, oBel)ii|f in Ihb cars.escapeil Jiii.at
itenlinn, or was iiasseci by unapukeu i l'j,. ! At one
moment ho talks With 1 the old, poll-,
tic'ui'n, who ha* been'sdured by a thousand defoatir
and dj&appoiptmenU,, in tho. tq , thAt,WeU'-
Iforraed and genial Ken tuckian, who kgs iust sought
lafree Stite; noVTie -fits down'with the TifUo
approaching har andaaksibfhei wtlJtol %tu
dUs; and Uq pats the little ,boy ,om the Aodi.
jin tbo preacnco of mother apd proud fa
:t|ier,: (what father is hot firohd to seb hlvboynb
■ticed 7 > say* a. word iof his mild ayes or glossy
Again the lady is approached with » fait
I word and 1 a’ Liana smllb, ana goes homo pleased
. to tell her ifiosband or -father' how ho r looks
.and what half doren a xi about
man; ho can congratulate the newly appointed
Buohanan office-holder, who has supplanted , his
friend, tell tho displaced friend of the ‘‘good time
coming,” when bis wing rhall bo up; and at every
station, more regularly than - tho conductor, Mr.
Douglas is upon the platform, with a goodbye to the
leaving, and n welcome to thodoparting traveler—
a shake of the hand with ono man that stands at
the dofrot, and a touch of tho hat to another. Jfo
knows evorybody; can tell the question that
affects each locality; call the name of orcry
farm owner on tho way { . tell all travel
lers something' of tho homes they left that
they never knew thomsclvcs, and'suggest what
tboy aro adapted for in this Hfo, 1 and what placd
they deserve in heaven.- Now, such a man os that,
iu contact with everybody, knowing everybody,-
and capable of plousing everybody, and at tho
bottom wrapped up with tbo one idea of prefer
ment, power, and dominion among men. is not
easily to bu put down; uud his opponents might as
woll bclievo at onco,that whoa tboy fight him they
fight a strong man—a little giant indeed He
would bo poputarln Boston or anywhere else, nud
half tho u lhrec thousind eleVgytmm” ho de
nounced would have their hearts stolen if ho could
rpoak to them a half hour.
TIIE ISOTHERMAL DOCTRINE
The New Orleans Courier of a late date, re
produces the following declarations of South
ern men, while the Kansas Nebraska hill ‘ was
under discuasiou iu the National House of Re
presentatives:
Mr. Harry, of Mississippi said:
“ Tho practical Advantages to the Sonth under
these bills may ho .nothing. If there were laws
protecting slavery in this Nebraska Territory (aa
tho whole including Kansas was then called) as
perfectly ns in Mississippi, it may be that ii slave
would never And his way there. But tiie occasion
arises very opportunely to test, after all the agita
tions and compromises of the past, what readiness
there is to do justice, and how many Northern men
dare stand by tho Constitution.”
Mr. Royce, of South Carolina, said:
“Thisbill repeals the Missouri restriction, but
revives no local law protecting slnvery. The effect
is dimply to remit the South to their rights iu the
Territory undor tho Constitution. Ait that the
bill does is to make the Constitution operative iu
tho Territory. And this sligbto.4 conceivable act
of simple justice bus agitated, public sentimeut at
tho North to its deepest deplhs.” '
Mr. Brooks, of Sonth Carolina—,,
“Wo are not asked to legislate slavery into Ne
braska and Kansas, but to carry out a good old
republican principle, that the people shall decide
for themselves the character of their municipal
govornmeut, and be left in a free condition to elect
lor themselves, when they multiply iuto States,
slavery or no slavery.
“If tho natural laws of climate and of soil ex
clude us from a territory of which wo arc the joint
owners, we should not uud wo will not complain.
But, sir, wheu a coalition of tenants in common at
tempt a monopoly, and by laws at once unconstitu
tional and unjust, endeavor to restrict us, and by
a surveyor’s lino, to a part of thego United States,
while thoy arc permitted to walk the whole do
main, we cannot and wu will not submit to so odious
a distinction.”
Mr. Stanton, of said:
*’ I havo little hesitation iu declaring my solemn
conviction that tho fears of Northern gentlemen
are wholly uufounded. Slavery will not be estab
lished in Kansas and Nebraska; not because of
any legislative prohibition,' but on account of that
condition of things which all your legislation can
uot possibly contiol.
“Itis a patpablo impossibility—a physical and
moral impossibility, in the very nature of things—
that three and a quarter millions of slaves can
spread themselves out over the wholo country, iu
the face of tweuty millions of whites.
“ I um satisfied slavery will not go into these
Territories; and hence 1 repeat, the measure is of
no practical importance to us, except fur the prin
ciple of non-intervention.”
Mr. Greenwood; of Arkansas, said :
‘•ThorO firo provisions in the bill under con
sideration which do not command the approbation
of my judgment. Some of its provisions aro nqt
Soutftcrn euoitgh for me. But while lam not in
favor of all of its provisions while the great prin
ciple of non-intervention is retained it will're
ceive my hearty support. If I did not support it
I should feel that I had outraged the people I, hare
tho honor to represent ou this floor. It is this
principle alone which we wish to sco carried out
and noted upon in future; and for this reason Igivo
it os my humble opinion that if this principle U
established and faithfully carried out, it will have i
tho effect of forever scouting from the wnlls of this
eapitol the discussion of tho question of ri.nery.
The3o reason. 9, if none others, would induce me to
support the bill, nod not upon the separate ground
that thero was a mere pomibility of slavery being
cr*ried Into tho Territory of Kansas.”
Mr. Faulkner, of Virginia, another able ad
vocate of the bill, said:
" l)o tho s,iil mul climate of Kansas and Nebras
ka afford any iuduuetnont to tho employment of
slave labor, there ? Ido not profess to havo any
precise or accurate infbnuatiou on the subject, nor
has its aptitude or inaptitude for shivery entered
into my consideration of the questiou. Still my
impressions aro very docided that Kansas affords
hut little inducement for the employment of this
kind of labor, and Nebraska nono at all.
“ Tho history ,of this country for the last century
shows that tho progress of this institution is steadi
ly towards the South.”
Did space permit, wo might add more and
longer extracts of the same tone and tenor, but
what are lioro given will suffice for tho object
in view.
! Tho Provisional Committee of the Massa
chusetts Straight-Out Republicans met at
yesterday, and issued a call for a Convention, to
bo held In that city on the 30tk of September, to
nominate a candidate fur Governor, in opposition
to £fr, Banks, whom thoy refuse to support,
•r>s s v **
notice to coa&mpoNDSi'is. -T"
“T*l bvr it;
miid thV tolloirluf rulrt: , v f' J *,• • .I,'
£rerj MDummictlon must b« tcompuileß b, tbs
asme of writer. ,Incisor to iasure.correctuew in
the typography, bat one elds of a sheet aheald
written opqa.
W® shall hs greatly obliged to gentlemen In
Vmjia and other State* for eoatribntions giriog |he car
teat nawi of the day )n their partjculxr localities, the
Resources of the coon try, the Increase' of
pcpaUtyg, any viUhy inteowUng
to the gjoeral reader.
GENERALNEWS.
• Tlic transportation eastwardly over the Bal
timore And Ohio railroad, into the’ city of Balti
}oS»r*. during the niofith of Ahgnst, of the principal
articles,'was as follows: Bark, i.U toes; fire brick,
0 toiik; flour, 55,2(50 barrels; grain, l .931 ton-*; gran- ’
ito, STI tons? Iron, 533 tons; iron are and manga
nese, 1,313 tout;.lard find .butter, I<W tons; leather,
-U tons; c0U0n,.5 bales; .wool, 2.370 bales; foai>-
stono, 100 tons; laid o7h 3j tons; lauiber, 900 tons;
limo lft tons; live 1 tetock. vis.: *iVB3tf ;
sheep, lio horses amf mules, iH< horned, cattle;:
looai and shorts, ISO fonsj pork' and bacon,
toes; tobacco, 334 hhds.; whisker, 7,C11 barrels; *
miscellaneous, 7i2 tons; hay,. 9 tons; hemp, 39
tons, fioyj from Washington braneh, 3,300 barrels.
The ratifications of tho treaty of amity aud,
commerce between Great Britain and HouJura.-,'
ooQtaimng the article gnarantying the Honduras *
railway, were exchanged iu London on the 24th of
August. SenorHcryao,, the. Hpuduras plenipofec-
had rc-opcned negotiartoDs on the Bay Island
Ana Mosquito shore contentions,.and His siid there
is every prospect that the modifications desired by,
Honduras wjll bo at ouee conceded, in which
these Will immediately eo into effect ‘
Lieat ColonelStsunion, R. E. f abd suff,appointed
Bntish Qovernnjent'engineers io report oa the*
Honduras railway,.are to’leare forlheirdeniua
tiftii, via New Tork, ob the Ifith Inst: ‘
Samuel Bowles having sold his interest in
the Boston TwtlUr, has - now resigned his posi- -
tion-as editor- The explanation of this'change ■
lies m ihe different principles of newspaper eeon*-'
fay the -respective parties. Mr. Bbwlee,'
finding from thU.jcaase, and his own health, that,
the expeetarioiis under whiehhe was induced to
, take the ediiorthip df IPAt Tra-ttiler were not like- J
Jy.Ao ]>e realised, hos^nailed on withdrawing, in
justipe to himself/and ia order, that hia&asocinU* f
might, without emDamssment, 1 conduct the paper
after a policy, In which they havegrcat oonfldoiice, ’
but whick he pannot approve.-
, .Henry of Geneva, JT. Y., the, lagt
'orviy ug brother .of thqiate Ednund Dwight, of
this .Pity, and Jonathan 'and James Dwight, of
3pdagfW<l* died at an advanced age last Sunday. •
Lia£ his relatives, he .wqs diatlnguidlicd for great,
busmert ability and largo weafib. He held for
m'any tears the office of president of the American
PibldSooiety- • .. . ‘ - ’ ■ • . »
, -A, letter from the parish:ctf FUtqneminea -
Louisiana, in the New Orleans iJiwtHw#, says
that the sugar planters of that State will hxve do
ydnse to eomplalfi of 'yearii crop Thewuo
will matnre earlier this seftaon than usual, and the
now sugar will be manufactured nnd come ioto
fiarket two or 1 tbfco weeks in Advance of former *
easons.
A meeting of "tSc Provisiohal Committee
W the “ Straight RepnbUeiM " wo, h,|j tu Bov
“o on .Tha cunjaiitta— were-mu&ui- -
pqna m.eonsijoring the speech of Mr. Bwhs
Rttite 44tUBet!sfMh»rT as his letter!. A cat) was 1
“doptcil far.a Comenlion 'lo be held in teat cur
pit tJie.aOtXinst
[' J"olii, I. ytikj of Pea Patch Bottom town-,
Ship, ‘_ori arriving , W York v Pa., on ToesdaT,
from BsUimore. atfompied to jump cbUhe Harrfe*'
burg train while iwxaofion, but unfortunately fell, j
when the pars passed oyer him. mangling.hu rigid
Arm in a shook mu manner, and injuring hi* head
Considerably. •- . .»; • •, : . *
' The executive eommittee of the Alabama
SUU, Agricultural-soefely have, paused ar£SoI««;
ticn inviting Hon. Edward Ererett .to be tiiescxt
op throecasion of the approaching fair of that so- --
tioly. ia kloatgomery, to deliver an address oa
-and hU celebrated aJdres* on The
Life, Character,'and Death of Washington.”
| Intelligent travellers at the Sonth state that ’
the recedt rains been to »eh an extentas
tq injure Uw eoUon cyap, euddbAt the plan'Oeghas
PVo so increased that with a late frost, of which .
there is now a fair prospect, it win reach three and
A half million bales. -- : - ~
; Duriog .the peatfiweek there were dipped
oyar 7,305 ton*; over tho-
Pennsylvania road, 5,974, tons: over the George’s
Creek-road - 7,794/ and over the’Hampshire road'
I,fi67,tons.' Total for thevihole ooal far th»
week 22,993 tons, pud for year tan?., .
j A manjianied Horria Cochrane was Jailed by •
h blow which, broke .hia neek. from a man pstned .
Burb- The’trouble- wis about -basibesi matters. *
A..verdict pf, nSaqplaughtcr waa Tendered:’ Thirj
iaU : h 4S admitted, to.
I The total number of vessels lost on the Bi- ‘
fcama: Banka during* tho lust year wto s*. as fol
tovfp:
ers. The value of .property U‘3j, including tcssqJs
And cargoes, amidnts to nearly three miluon do!-'
law. .* .. . .. . . - ,
) i.Tho manufactory of.the S. Dv Narthwav
Manufacturing Company, iu South Norwalk,
Conn., was totally destroyed by fire on the
of the fitfc ihsk. Lo« $15,059. Insured forVl2.oW
the JStua ahfi
» Bradley, yho; lias been connected
;wiCi the Chicago Jbemocrai since July, 133 d. died ia
jtbo above city o» Tuesday. He wu3 in health
on Spnday. His soddeu demise is generally re
gretted by the press of Chicago.
t Gor. Causey, of Delaware, lias offered a re
ward of five hundred dollars for the apprehension
of gilasHollis, who Is charged with the murder ef
a man named Robert Harris at St. Johnstown, in
that Stale, on tho 21st day of August last,
Mrs. Catharine Donnelly died
Illinois, on Tuesday week, aged 'one hundred and
eleven years, the oldest person in that State. She
was a native of Ireland, and fur tho last fifty years
has restricted herself to one meal a day.
Mr*. Halm, fonnd guilty by the coroner’s
jury, of Albany, N. Y., of causing tho death cf
Martha A, Lookley, by attempting to pmlnce aa
abortion, bos been admitted to l&il in the sum of
$4,000 —two sureties Of $2,000 each.
The members belonging to the Methodist
church residing in Brandywine, Delaware, have
rqncluded t? build a M. E. church in said villj-re.
Tho building is to be forty by sixtyfeet, and thirty
five feet to the Square.
The second national exhibition of imported
blood and American breed of horses, at Springfield,
Maas., will be held on Wednesday. Thursday, Fri
day, and Saturday, September 30, October 1,2, and
A pioneer, named Lewis Woolman, attempt
ed to break jail at Doyles town on Sunday night
lip ridded himself of his hobbles, and went to work
to xnako a hole in the wall by which to escape.
When discovered his task waa nearly accomplished.
Heavy treats have occurred at Albany, N.
Yand eastward fyr a considerable distance. On
Sunday night there was frost iu several places in
Connecticut, but not sufficient to do any harm to
the tobacco crop. *
Thomas Weir was Tiding in a hand car on
the Racine railroad, soar Pelcvan, when his leg
was caught by a stake alongside the track, throw
ing him eff the car, breaking his neck and killing
him.
Hon. B. F. Angel, the new minister t
Sweden, has taken his passage in the Arago to
sail for tho scat of his mission on Saturday week.
Ho will bo accompanied by his family.
The corner-stone of Grace Church, (Epis
copal.) at the UapMiues, Lancaster county, will ha
laid by Bishup Potter ou Monday next, the 14th
inst.
A Boston correspondent of the New York
Evening Pest reports that Mr. Janies Ru«sell
Lowoll is to be married in a fortnight to a Mi.-s
Duulap.
To-day is fixed for the great race over PafTa
Empire track, Albany, between Flora Temple ard
Brown Dick, for a purse of $l,OOO, mile heats, best
throe in five, to harness.
At Pittsburgh, on Wednesday, Robert Cun
ningham, a young and rather verdant-looking
man, was committed to jail by Alderman Donald*
son, upou a charge of bigamy.
The next annual exhibition of the Agricultu
ral Society of Kent county, Delaware, will be held
m Dover, on Wednesday and Thursday, the 7th
and Bth of Ootober next.
The Wisconsin Home Insurance Company,
of Milwaukee, has assigned aR its effects to S. il.
Streeter and E. W. Carpenter, for the benefit of
the creditors.
In view of the recent assembling of an eman
cipation convention, Mr. Jared K Jenkins, of Sel
ma, Ala., otters tosell to such philanthropist as
will ?et them free, 753 -laves.
The Hartford Times thinks there is no foun
dation for tho minor that Mr. Toucev will bo
offered the vacant seat in the Supreme Court
A very superior quality of white limestone
has been discovered iu St. Paul, Minnesota It is
believed to exist iu largo quantities.
The Boston Traveller estimates the loss to
speculators throughout America and Europe, on
sugar at $50,000.
The widow of the Lite Chief Justice Booth,
of Delaware, expired at her resideuca at No# Cas
tle on Tuesday.
ThO official vote confirms the adoption of
tho new Constitution in lona by 1630 majority in
an aggregate poll of near $O,OOO.
The Irost on Monday night seriously in
jured the tobacco crop in Connecticut, and the loss
must be considerable.
Hon. Jefferson Davis is stumping the State
of Mississippi iu behalf of the Democratic ticket.
The Lewistown Furnace has been blown out,
and will probably not bo put in operation again.
Great success has attended the boring of
artesian wells in Iroquois county. HI.
General Rusk’s mother, now 78 years old,
is still living in South Carolina.
The United States stoop-of-warCyanc,Coni.
Robb, arrived at Eastport 4th instant from 80.-teu.
Thero is to be a grand parade of the Ameri
can Mechanics in Marietta on the 10th inst.
Operations were resumed at the Cambria
Iron Works on lasi Tuesday.
The Jowa State Fair will be held on the 7th,
Sth and Hth days of Ootober.
Governor Wise, of “Virginia, is at Rich
mond.
pEvni of a Venerable Oitizfx.—Deacon
Elias Ilaricdl, an old and esteemed eiriien of Bos
ton, died in that city ouWednesday morning. For
many years he was one of the principal business
men of Boston, and during the years 1823-4, he
was a ,member of tho Common Council. Ho wax
eighty-nine years of age, and a native of Harvard,
n orcestor county.
, Njsw Papers.—A new sporting paper, the
Spir/r of tke Timet, makes its appearance in San
Iranetseo. The Daily Ttme r is a candidate for
public fuvor in Buffalo. It takes an independent
position. Tho Bergtn Comity Gazette is a neat
weekly, started at Hackensack, N. J.—a locality
heretofore destitute of nowipapere-by William C.