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VOL. I—NO, 9.
THE WEEKLY PRESS,
fsh e . ,a f wZ Newspaper i?i'
the Country.' "■
~... , ... P re M Induceniemu to Club*. \ :
. P».**>* o? August tie Thb W*k- {
vlil be issued tram :the Ottyof Philadelphia]
It Will to published every < Satu&ay; ‘' ’ ‘ i: ‘ I
„ cObdndtbd upon - National,
principle, Uphold the’tdghU of ttu> state*. ‘‘ It’
will resist fanaticism in everyth***; and will be devo-;
:T^*q the true foundation of
aDd soda! «der v Such weekly jouN
wl has.tong boea desire* in ft* United States, and it ia
tUVTtftf WBtsittma wUlba
J* Pa*Bs ‘ will 5 be 'printed bn excellent
t UIJt . fl ,
'.H It TiUeontaln the heeraof. the day; Correspondence
.aod-tbe New;-Demon ticlntend
i gfnos; ,wiqus Marketsj, 14terary fiej
j^SFS^ispeltimeottS^ete^onH; s the pjpgresaof Agri
■Cmtugg WalHtsVyjouaTdeparfinen^'Ao.. ( <
. . . ’
l©Va^tV to snbscribersj '
; s ~bj>tWttfptit'annum; Mfiitiuuiik..:-.-.i..|2 00
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.Fivecopies for. 8 00
“fenbbtriesfbf ~,w,i..'‘..ViV.V;y....i .12 00
<dpies,' when sent to One address txsn OQ
over 1 , to.addrassof i
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##LWW.t9tbe«f^npo^o.lub,:^ T , s ,
inters arerequestedfoj«J &a .agflitsfor Thl
bsUew it A gtebt fever tf my pbUtfdar and'port
r &nd *\V other* who desire olrisi
Wefeldy will fexert thenftelrei tovsVe Tb*
latee-olreuUttoHn tf&tr : Aipectlve
i JOHN i ]
>.' ■:■<•• i.r. and ! Bropri&tor, ;
-.e?abllMtijoo :Ofl3<?o.of :Tflß .WeWbt rssas, N<?..4lf
'ObtMtuttt Pmuawipiua. .. t , ~■ ■ .■. • . ;
WWf
;.WoNDAY,'AUGOST 10;1857.
THE FUTURE OFKANSAS.
The Idea thatKimeaS would become a free
yws4“firwMi asserted
repeatedly during tho-dobatc on-tlie bill while
tbaiiW^ :'was 1n ! i854. Ijt
was asserted by extreme’Southern Reprcaent
;itiv4k!'andf Setfatops} ahSon this'ground eii
'bouiiterdctiilpiipSiSoi? fifcerfeitfquSrtefs. ! Wei
r rptaemhpr dfiatXJeherdVMtasoir,; of’ ibe N6if
folfc, tiMs poyitioip'' Iv
lins
tlB§4,:bo dsjsKreii,., ~>■ j..-,-,;.; 4 ..! I
« Are we-tomafce these two .Territories Blard
-laolding ddmm.naitios? No one expects it. .. Jfp
line demonisthat slavery: should tit* established
(here!' I- find’ tn tHe 'rCport'oF the Globe of the
[ fenhte JJr/pdpbiis'said:' ! j
! 1 «.Xdo 'a inariihCoVgresa
who thmk{,ij corild W permanently a slave
haldlng country. jt;hsve no idea tlirtitcauld.l'
I Mr HuN];Eß„of .Virginia, said; , j
‘‘Does any-manibellovo thatiyou.wjllhave’a
daVediohiing State in Kansas and Nebraska'?
I confess. - that 'dbr - »’l inotndnt;T - permitted
- such tdi illiißWn tli'irest upbn'my mind.” - 1
• -|Tr. BiidtiS, of dtiroliha, said: ,!
,«X idea pfae’cAng’ a' slide
population in' either gOf’ 'tlian' d.have' of
..seeingshin|lfe(a^h«jo^B., r 'ltpiiayrhit.’’ I >
W« oogldi multiply .these authorities, j£ it
were-naoessary,'l •
- 'lAi.Southem coirbsporidentof the Hlobmonk
‘Entpiireriot August Ist}' 1857 y usesdhe foj.
ldwtag-langnageV" 1 “ ;,J ■; j ,
i IfKaus sSßhoul'd come into tbo Union as afrec
i State,- all SodtKiru meti will regret It,’' But wilt the
South logs or gain by itf She may gainbyit, if.
£eua»s shall coaie; toto tlieUpioo umlorVho sape-.
| thmof the, great .andyital. principle, of non-intei
vhntloii—h prihciplo,’ tool which is 'the ’ Safei-gaSiil
Of State - Rights' Mnfd * State 1 Sovereignty; for.
-the safety oft our domestic insulations, will hare
h»*n reras«!ttod and.re-affinnodi. j . j
Theright of-the,,people Norm. South, Bast and
West to decide mjon the question of slavery for
nmqntvwalri
I r»-nßmj*d ; tWhfe' the ' Wdrid. - She friendsof the
! South, we win admit, Would , rogrvt.to see an addi
tional representative .Joi. the,-Bepahlioifn
strength ; but the perpetuity of oiir Union ana the
' grear principle <of 'State nights does not depend
solely upon the mimerloal strength of eitharseotldn
Sfo«r National>b»gi4«tur«|,bnt tmon thenKui
-tengnpf of the; tpue..theory ,and -prmoiple of oar
government! ", ’ ” ‘ i»
bft the people, the IfwJtf* seWers of ICfthsaj,
enjoy faHketaaelrgl thegraat-aha-proud preroga
tive for wh»h ! thß etarehidaing-Ptateseontend, fa
deciding ogjidems«i(ViartltStipnc Wt
mem cner&h a Mghapw-eciatiMi ;and grateful rt
oqjieettoif of theTpemsrald4MtrWO R ofpopular
-Sdvereignli.oftlib'grwrprlwiipleof-sblfgovern
ment.t cds there 'Oatuhapo'thatiXanSM; is a free
heXJnloh, Sr ibhea to bo added to onr number, is
-tddfeiWiiiaea'te'Stihaih'gU'-Bold inddireot ka
dMMmimJ, frOtti'thsTiSilUiatih'ey vtillnotaijd
ids..|Mn tolerate' AtoYery.-.-ttc wilt bo..ldle. ; .ade,
for nothing tpure than- tae Consdtutioß Kives her.
Tije Prmldent.and his‘Administration ar»de
, iermlnßd to enforoe the OppstltnUon; beoause hells
TOO SnSmyof-eithir the Ndl-th or the-SOtttb. 1 Thin
vrlifupfekidiUm ? -. iWhy -ibMe, oendiimn -and
wdlify.;ei*-.Adnii»lSt»poii,.iOl ,aov»rnori WaUtc'r,
PriMmieof, thp Ooh
; sptetioh, wapypaft orthe pIU,
i*
-1 and other.leading State tights min
-of the Boathi.took, ground:.boldly Ip. favors of-the
Ham &&
of theDnitod States, that' they'had - hb-hdpeiof
'maklugKansaaa slaVesßtate;; alirthey oontondid
foz was thes.prinoiple.of -pOpuiaf s WYerslgntJ,, the
todrfnjß.Pf f KmVMWh irwhA W «tef?«ple
of, Kftiuift!, tq dtHiqi, in.. tab . Adoption of their or
- jto
tbeSoutli.-i ,b;if.-.ue i awwid;-j,!'.. i'■
. - But Kinsas is 'not' to -be sdinitted into tiip
family ofStates byfraudi'liottho qualiflcations
bf those who' ard to.vote upoii tho Karisas con
stjijitjaq hS $ .Mi otljeri
pqses, an4[i^r^>| I,9'4oyjp;|i'6i't 1 ,9'4oyjp;|i'6i' t i>h
,gither..sidey\|%uioj;iiie^M o ,! , iiy,o|' tto,p4 o '
, jfar&m deqide the question
forevep.. Tq askdorimore would bomonstrona.
To refuse less -would be despotism. ’ - , j
* All “that Goycrnor- Walker has ■ ■done
hSsi' bhen 1 ‘ttf : iiislst 'ithat ',the. ;: people
Ahouid Vbteir' Whb'.are' the people? Not
tlioiiey brought into; Kairisis'gfqgi
;rnnif!P3fl s !.Jl6t,tho9e jfhq.conip Jnto.theTjir.
jitpty *|ew.d»ys osSweeks beCore-theelecfldni';
No sane man asks any such thing, nor hjiadfr.-
.WApnaK-proposed it. ; Let tbeLeg!?lature ie. j
!clar,eiwhat is necessary,to make, qiregldentjor
> legal Voter, 4nd-tho-trotibie.ia.OYer, ;Tho tipie
bf're’BidOtide'Cahttot be long in d new country,
bUt it'pittSt be loig toough to protect all pjir-
Jdel v fpr4ifutYfdrd ,i influences} Vr shdden inia
isipm! > i(^^iU{^ifl^<st'’'ais , .]ltei&i«U ; JEayafrer
C'. -h I
.' .To. those fttulllar with the language of yirginii’s
.eewionlof. the "NorthwSst Territory” in,l7BS, ; in
aeoprdahee wlfli the provisions" of the famous ordi-
JnsMe’etiraf) there U nothing new or ; startling in
tWdte-oftlie word”inhshitaats”. by fldv, Walker.
The original sin of using it Hes ffltb the great men
of.the State, yrho worded the deed of oession in 17fSS,
whioh'Virgiiiio'heded 'that va«t domain out of
Whihbflvu iirge StaUo have since been'carved !by
Cangfeas.The propriety of. using the pbnQxious
.word waa eonaeded when the Import of. words was
,*i maturely considered, es 4 now is,'and hymen
tdiiyisdipablo of' determining t)id rights of“ojti
vSnibif iutheTerrltetos 1 ’ aa any of the dononnebrs
lof QoYi Walker. i: ,: ' •!:» ' ivir .:i-ii<c - • j
l3th ,of July,, 1787, .Congress,paeaed tho
Vdlnaheeofl?|7, .On the BOthpf December, 1788,
Tneimnleofdeixigatee‘ of Virginia phssed an just
'entitled 1 " An-act cdl cerning the Territory Ceded
bTr -thlofCommonweVth, to-lho Dotted States.”—,
.!*tdng ! 12,p.OT.elian. 79.
. ..Inlhiadeed of cession tho.word “inhabUanls’J is
’emywhere used in preference to the words “real
-Idenfs,i'iiud ‘ettisens.'’ 'Whenever reference to
■the peiple of dh* Territory -Is . made, the ie
!.‘Ji^ahttanf*.’/M!ij | i’or. egampie m. / Jlyning,, 12tb
‘S&f of the States,” (foforrfng
to' tiSJvSdJtatee'lobe formed but of said Ter'rP
ibryi-x thiUt br ?e(W,9o9:free nißißiraaT« therein,
jeid stale Shall be; admitted, by its delegates, into
,th«i;f?<ingre«s,of the .Tlpifed, States, on ap eqhal.
fMog“wjth Stotesin alt respite
#St sbftf?sM shalf W a# HMrty to form a per
r&dHM ivmtitulim and. State.QovtmmmV
teif*oL.:,-,Her«..«je word-(‘ inhabit(Wto”-:bas je
f4
iWteMd'leiiohgrabteM jtfens-in doubt bt to what
(tW^.S*^»«ineof,tbe.Vord“iab»bit«iti,
Ege.tol.'Wswr s. il'SirueiVna, and, the
KMdmsses and speeches} debouncing.
ahy klnd wiffl ” p;
awmjd'wduld' show that-neither -Mr,’
nor (toTeruor.WaUer.eVnr designed ttf
pernian jntt
vote >rhen the Con
,
ie. on
g») .(i pubUo decision rests the foundiUonTof
BaxStuilvsti'teuflflO-i-.tV.d Ur’,,' i \!
■f/nidi* .jnii,»d eiuu j,ir
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piERS
rpooi to K#w.-
•ed cLQiea* »W,
rtftw&UT-ttyM'
Ao 1
WKXi
Mm&H*a*eaxt£iar“- ■-*•• »<-■>.*<•.•.-.».-, * V
pis
and if they ; arej faithfully
people of Kansas, the political oondi-
Pf>on become quiet usd sat-
institution!! of Kansas should be
“ l ™ , 5M hy.JM votes Of the people of Kansas,
unawed and uninterrupted bv force or fraud. And
n y ,° ,(ir3 tnustbe excluded, come whence they
V. and every, attempt to overawe or interrupt
* llB tine exercise of - the right of voting mast be
promptly repelled and punished. Ebbedou and
SAFETr roll THE LEGAL VOTgB, AND EXCLUSION
AND PUNIBHHBNT FOB TIIK ILLEOAL ONE —THESE
SHOULD BE; GREAT PRINCIPLES Of yoUt adminiß
tration... . .•
- Can language.be more clear or explicit ?. Erke-
BOlt AND BAPETV FOB THE “ LEGAL YOTEB i. C.,
for the “Inhabitant,” for the “permanent resi
dent;” but "ruNisHKENT And exclusion FbR the
illegal voieb 'VlKat is W say, for the." temnb
rary” sojourner, tho “non-inhabitant,” the, mere
“visitor.;’, The instruotions draw tho very .dis
tinction which the decisions which wo have cited do
between the inhabitants and temporary sojourners
in Kansas.: ■; ■ *
WHAT ISBEACTV ♦
““ Atlitag of bfeauty'is a-Joy forever.” ,'So
tvrote tbe'pQet, and to this sentiment responds
the universal heart of humanity.'' There never
lived and breathed a .human being in,
breast was not planted .the love of the beau
tiAil/iii some form, and whoso heart did not
throb with more rapid stroke, and whose eye
did not flash with a: peeper Are, at the reajlza
tlon of hia idea!. Thefa is a| harmony, ip na
ture that never,-foils to >touch a chord in the
bosom of the savage ®s well 'as the civilized
inan. At her great shrine all are worshippers;
in her immense arcana aro scattered myriad
idols, inviting the homage and’adoration of all
tho children of the race.-:
' 1 This innate love of the beautiful is confined
to no peculiar clime—is nmuifeslod in n’ope
culiilr creed—is Inherent in. ho distinct nice—
but,is as universal and pervading as the “casing
air,” 'The lone shepherd, as he watches his
flock' by night, 'looks up to'the great'blue
vault, fretted with a-miUion burniug stars, and
reading 1 tho : <■ mystical' afld r Oholdo&n love of
tlioii* strange'dopths, owns 1 their 1 wohdroujj
beauty, : aud is, thrilled by their, inspiration'.
Tbo wea-tossed mariner, a thousand miles away
upon tho briny deop, ho, too, sees tho Cteriial
stars ahove their shimhiering glances upon thb
dancing waves, and owns fchoir soft and gentle
sway; but to him there is a s>yeoter» becauso
moro fearful beauty, in the wild music of tlm
throhgh'the trembling shrouds,
.and the roar; and purest, of. theever-awelling
wafers. The wayward,boy, in the buoyancy of
his young chases the, many-hued and
gauzy-winged bnUeffljrfor its'rich and glowing
colors of a day; those of ripey years deem the
pursuit idle, and profitless and orael pastime';
yet who cim’tell but that in "the plastic and un
schooled mind of .that'borihding.jrouih, are,
Oven in that chase. developing and germinating
forms and ideals ’of; the- grand and bedutifin
that shall haunt' his existence as a spell, anji
in after years glow dpon $e painter’s canvass,
,pf Jive Immortal in'the enduring.raarbio? I
i Go where we liatytum .where we will, in this
depth of winter, when the’ earth ‘is matted
with the spotless show, or_ln : the season, of
.flowers, when the air is vocal with the! song.df
birds, we behold forms of beauty and of love
liness scattered with a profuse hand; 'There Is
beauty on tho maiden’s lip, in her speaking eyd,
-and on the. massive brow of intellectual manj;
it is scon in the rose-enamelled landscape, and
stamped on the' weird and everlasting stars 1 ;
Jt/if heard’in'the. mr
ooean, and murmurs in the gentio rivulet. Biit
there, is still a higher type of beauty than, any
of these, which shines with a pu'rer'arid stea
dier ( It isihatsjerhioyeof Truth, ttrliich
Js iiiiistrated in, the life of, the good and th'o
just man; This principle, like the; outward
forms of beauty, of which we have spoken,' is
inherent in no particular race, is confined to no
peculiar ZOIIO, but has its disciples everywhere,
and forms a band of universal brotherhood,
from all races and creeds and conditions of nieij;
over sincerecorded timO began; theivorld has ;
be'en,plied with,tnartyrs-iinartyrs to’political \
opinions, martyrs to religiousoreeds, and mar
tyrs' on the shrine of love. And can we ima
gine'any grander and nobler contemplation fdr
the student of history; than the'study of tiioslo
characters.of tho,past who,courted death fdr
tho:vlndication of a principle; and smiled it
the flames’and tortures which their lcve df Truth
and thair hailed of jtfrong had invoked ? How
we delight to dwoU upon the memory" and* the.
deeds of TViituu Wallace, Tell, Hosii,
and upon Washington; Jefferson, and tlie
other men Of our memorable Revolution j not
so muchion account, of themselves as for the
symmetry and tho magnitude; of. the great
truths they embodied, and to maintain whio'h
they had!staked.tbelr lives. To.theidhQkhtened
and philosophic mind, before the grandeur aijd
sublimity.of such p retrospect, all.' the charms
of .Nature and of Art, great gsd muUU'onn As
they are, “pale their ineffeQtih'i fires.”' God
“grant that ftom the ioiha of our Republic,'may
from time; tiip'espGng 'up a of
Whose tove l of ".Truth—the highest type, of
beauty,—shall exalt, them above temptation,
'and shell make them ali-powerful for its pre
servation, honorand glory.
.• * !
The Puritans Itagueuata have received
welKdeaervsfl e\flOstittW for their groat men,
an<J great Muence. on our national welfhre.
The WelsVbave' hardly hoen recognized its
having any claims of the kind \ but in an afl.
dress, by, th<) Kov, Dr. West, on laying tso
corneratorie'pf,it^:elsHChurch, tri'PhilaSql
pbia,. .lately, j their" claim has been asserted
with,'an overwhelming array of.faotth Thby
havo.cortainly been very modest heretofore bn
.Am subject} .but, << mudosty awl merit go tp
.gethor,” aoftofdlng to. the old alliteration.
. Walejt i«, somewhat larger than Masaaolinsetiii.
Theyc are about sevchty-fiYo thousand Veluh
men in this country. Dr..,West aays their
patriotism isataosi, proverbial. He gives the
signors, of the Declaration of Independence,
of , Welsh birth or extraction, as follows;
Massachusetts, . Samuel Adams, ■ !•
“ John Adams, t
Rhodo Island, Stephen Hopkins,
Connecticut,'; - /William Whams,
,J(ew York, . ' William Floyd, 1
* . Fraiwia Lowis, i
• s , « Lewis Morris, I
Pennsylvania, ; Francis Hopkinaon, ;
“ Robert Morris, r ;
i . George Clymer, j
North Carolina, John Penn, i 1
South Carolina,Arthur Middleton, ,
Georgia;'. J). Gwinnett, bn. in Wales,
Virginia, Thomas Jefferson, ,
(< Benjamin Harrison,
“ Richard H. Lee,
«s* . -FrancisH. Lee. !
. Herb 'arc seventeen signers of the Declara
tion or American Independence, in whose
veto's “Welsh blood coursed. 1
Dr. West also* gave'the names of fourteen
generals, seven colonels, six captains, and one
lieutenant, ofWolsh; descent, who figured in
Me.Reyolntlon, among whomare Anthony.
TVMriie, Charles' Lee, Daniel Morgan, John
OadwaUader,’James Williams, killed at Ben
nidgtoni Henry Lee, Thomas Marshall, Ethan
'Alien,, ... ’
The Doctor asserted that the following Pre
sidents were of Welsh origin 7
John'i.datns,'Th6mas Jefferson, James Madi
son, James Monrde’J.Q. Adams, William 11.
Harrison, Jamesßuohatian. Ho also gave the
names’of a number; of-,prominent and devoid
ministers of the Gospel, of Welsh origin, who
P ai “t fa bidding “God speed” to too
iriends of freedom during tho revolutionary
i J
?i‘ Ti?? 4 also; mado ’the following state-
Onyer Cromwell, tlio protector, wasof
IfVelsh descent.‘ WilHam Penn’s progenitors
lgM'Wetoh. Roger Williams was born in
Wales. John Milton’s mother was a Welsh
lady. Rev; Richard Baxter had his birth in
Wales—so say the Welsh writers. The Buko
of Wellington’s .mother descended from the
Welsh baronet, Sir John Trevor. The war
riors* Owen Glendower and Sir John App
Thomas* were Welshmen. Sir Thomas pfc
ton and. Sir Stapleton Cotton* of Waterlbo
fame, were descended from Wales. The pre
s>. k nt Chancellor of the Exchequer in England
belongs Rhadhorahire* Wales. The ftr
famed Rev. Christmas Evans was‘ a Wel4h-
JPWfa j B P eft ker, mlrfhf
be filled with names of Welsh fkinel—C'Artj
ffqn Mvtictfti*,. h
S' TJg;Sjhelbfd«6i (Ky;p ■
the Prida>Blghipb*
abcmt elgnt.miles fVom SMlbJvfUe, * most
frightful and brutal murder wM, perpotratod udon
thapeWoii of James Grant, 1 gen.,ana his son and
WiftfflW hnitaliy beaten'and cut; ! The act Was
p^rgetrated[in the night. The father was kUUd,
headmaagied.- All threeof'th&mwire
Strioken oh the head about the sAme 5 place. The
instrument used.'was an axe. About sixteen hun
dred dollars wore/taken from the house. James
Grhnt, Jun:.ia in&'vejy wßiori condition, Mrs.
Grant is not seriously hurt.' < They Wote all sleep
ing Jn different ,rpQto/snd tlie .person who cam
mftted the murder well.’ J |
'U- ! 8'“1
PHILADELPHIA, TllESph-Y, AUGUST 11, 1857.
communications:
[For the Press.]
TUB OBIOIN AND EARLT.BISTQnV QV ~
FAXRMOtTNT-WATEft WORKSt LSCHU.Yjts-
KIJLI4 ANE LEHIGH
And tho Coaly ‘ j
BY CHARLES V ? , , \ \
* # * > On'thb tftii or'Atirll, IfiOTi
Mr. Robert Kenedy, an'
then owning ‘ obj
talfacd froirittfe
vesting in itial the Figbt of
Fails of Schiiylklll, oh the : oohditloh
looHa for of the boatVtbhn j»lyi
ing on the rivor.'‘ThWo tcng'and' narf
row, shatj> at and frofn'dxty w
one liuhdrod Karfela of flour ; : ere'‘generallT
tn&hned with tfve nien,' and : ''used
fresbota or t hlgh most of them ooming’ftom
Reading, they yore ohll'ed Reiuiinyd?
They required ’ dye' m6o, • not ‘ foV Uh'W
down—for they'dr!fteddoWn t
i but to take tb'em book, whlch woiadbriil by the
use of poles, shtid with irCij, very hard Wrk;
of bourse they oouid take ho IretW cargoes. * * *
*. , , The hot procured by Mr v al
together a speculation'On hu patV/’hoVlhiotidlhg
creot'milla hlmse/fj. ahd the nffhvhe'had'obtiined
was offered for sator but, inoongfl'quooflrof thb rfsi
and danger from’ice, ho {>dlld
mUis there- The Ice ffbaheta 'o?‘ those" Wi
altogether different from noiv. : '‘iHe'Wlhthis, u
seems to me, wero lohgbr aijddddbi’Ahd before the
prescut aucceesvon of
tho ice oama down in 'irnmctiSo' iarge holdfi/ wlth
groat momentum, and mitoif
feet thibh; ’it ih me
net its force, t havd s'oon' a stone wall thtbd to four
foot Vhlclc against a bank, ‘ the 1 behind
being 'level ‘rjit'h tho top, torn to pieces likh
eq ipany-pipe stems.' ’ In oonaequenbe of, this', Mil
Kohedy*o speculation seemed likely to be a failure;
;but, not to be foiled, thq following year, 2d of Aprils
1808) in'company with Conrad Carpenter, of
luantowu, ho obtained ah act of the liegislatdrp
incorporating a company to builda bridgooVer thp
t'chuylkili, and so’odutrivcd its locution that thh
t wtero übutiqout should offootually protoot Wb
mill-fl’cat, and ho'finally Bold his right fo. Jbsiah
White/ " -1
Horclct mo turn asido a moniont to bay some*
thing in roforonoo to this' Josiah Whlto. f know
him woll, and evor looked upon him as an extra
ordinary man—ono of the most persevering, ener- 1
gotic, far-seeing men I.ever knew, always pushing
out ahead qf the age in which ho lived; not highly
educated, but possessing a largo amount of sound,
practical common sense nud enlarged views, I
know of no man to whom the citlxens of Philadel
phia are so inuoh’ftidobted' for certain substantial
benefits thoy-hftve long You will
more of him as I progress in;my,rema'rks. ‘ f; * i
Shortly after Hr. White hadpurchasodKonedy'B
privilege, ho proceeded to build a mill .for rolling
iron and making wrought n&ils/and subsequently •
took into 1 partnership with hiiu' Mr- Erskine Ha-'
card, and added to thoir other oporations that of
making wire. Theirbusinesswasrory profitable, and •
they soon discovered that their mill was too small,,
when they built auother muohlarger and higher
alongside of it; where tUey were doing- a vefy pro
fitable imsines^,'until both baught firo by accident
and were destroyed; they were subsequently re
built. * # # .*•• * *v > !
White & Hazard wopc using, io their toU*
ing mill bituminous’ coal; they knew of the
large body of^anthracite at the head of the Schuyl
kill, and early’cothmonded-taaklng experiments!
with it. They had home brought down in wagons, ’
at’ah oxponso oT ono dollar por bushel, twenty*,
eight dollars per ton, expondod a considerable suip
of money in experimenting, but could "not succeed
In making it bhrn. Working In the mill
got heartily Blok and tirt'd qf it, and Hwas aboJ t ‘
being abandonod, but mi a 'certain occasion, after,'
they hod been .trying for a long time to ihakejt
burn, without Siiedoss, thoy becamo,’exasperatM^
threw a large quantity of the H bVack ;
thoy called them, into the furnace, shut iho doow,
and left the mill. It so happened that one of tbesh
had left his jacket in the mill,' arid Iri grileg thejb
for it, somo time afterwards, he diadfivered a tre
mendous fire’ in the funiace, the* doors red
heat.. He Immediately called all hands, and ifaeV
run through'the rolls three separate of ftbh
* Horn was An HnpGrtelil discovery, nHd it was, lib'
ray opinion, the first practically BuMesalu. of
oiir anthracite opal, now so .commoo. Tils Im
portant dlsoovory was the simple foot that ail thit
was 'wanted'to ignite it Was time,'and to bo “let
alone.” All this may appear stronge, now, but'the
men employed In that mill, and every 1 oife else who
used the bltwatnbas coal, Wore aeeifiitDtned ‘to see
It blase up the moment they threw it on the fire;
and because; tho anthracite would n‘ot do so, they
could not understand It, and the more they scratched
and poked at It, (an operation ' necessary with
the bituminous coal, the worse It was with tljo
anthraelte.
Upon making this discovery, Josiah 1 White ha-'
mediately began to make experiments In contriving
various kinds Of grates, to make the anthracite
applicable for domestic, use, In which he finally
succeeded to admiration. '
With the knowledgo thus obtained, it became n
reiy &reat desideratum with White A Haitard to
obtdln a sufficient supply of this coal for their use;
for they discovered, atm, that It was much better
for their purpose than the bituminous coal in its
effects on the Ixon for making wire. They thought
of various plans, oho of which, was curious: it was
to build a number of sheoMron boats, not to draw,
when loaded,’hWe than ten Inohesof water. .These
boats were, to bo mado in nests, one within thoother,
liko pill boxes, and carted up to' the coal regions.
They built J a small one, and Mr. Hazard taking
two men with him, (one of whom, William Young,
Is, I believe, .stiU a resident of Manayunk,) and
started in.lt for" the mountains. The object Mr.
Hazard had ifl viow 1 , was to Explore the river and
.mako some estimate of the expense at whfoh, by
some simple ’contrivance; they oould insuro at
: all times ten inohos of water. lie’ arrived at the
coal regions, built a kind of ark, and loaded It with
coal; other arks wero subsequently bn lt,und camo
down' in the freshets. The iron boat plan was'
abandoned, principally for tho reason' that Josiah
White, about tho same time, started and originated
tho Schuylkill Navigation Company, which was
ohatered March Bth, 1815. This was another of the
bcncfiolal acts of Josiah White, but mark howshab
oily he was treated. Ifowua tho father of the whole
concern—ono of tho Commissioners named in tho Act
of Incorporation; and if they had hunted Pennsyl
vania through, they could not at that time have
found a bettor man for their purpose ;'yofc, notwith
standing all this, at tho first oloction held ht Nor
ristown,’ thoy refused to eloot him one of the mana
gors, on tho ridiculous and flimsy ground that he
web interested at the Palls of Schuylkill; but wo
shall see the oonsoquenoe of this direotly.
As an evidence of the utilitarian character -of
Mr. White in everything he undertook, at the thno
ho was starting tho Navigation Company, he drew
with ebalk, on ono of the large beams or girders of
his mill, a plan of his proposed works along the
Schuylkill, and under it wrote; “Ten dollars in
every man’s pooket;” meaning, I suppose, that
that Bum would he saved to overy one in cost of
fuel.when we oould get coal down tho river. At
that timo wood was the universal fuel, and was An
nually getting soaroor and highor in prico.'
#•***'*#* *
Mr. Erskine Hazard was the partner of Josiah
White in the iron and wire business. In the erec
tion of tho looks and mill Boats, at tho Palls, he had
another partner, Mr. Joseph Gillingham. Thoy
furnished tho canal and locks ou the western side
of the river; and two mills woro ereoted thore, one
a saw mill, the other for' manufacturing white
lead. On oho of the occasions of tho breaking
down of the Falls bridge, White A Kazan! erect
ed a curious temporary bridge across the Schuyl
kill, by suspending wires from the top windows of
their mill'to' a tree on the western side, which
wires bung In a curve; and from whioh wero sus
pended othor wires, supporting a floor of boards
eighteen inches wide. The length of the floor of
this bridge was four hundred feet, without any in
termediate support. I am not oertain of tho fact,
but my impression is, that this was the first wire
bridge ever built or thought of. The bridge-build
ing operations at the Palls were' peculiarly unfor
tunate, the first one, a chain bridge, broke down in
1811, with a drove of cattle on it; the second fell
from the weight of snow accumulated on it in a
snowstorm In 1818; the third floated off the piers
In a very high freshet, Febnary 21,1822, and the
fourtlrwoarecently destroyed by fire. ' * *
ThC wire-making business, whioh had been very
profitable during the war, when none oould be im
ported, was tbeVery reverse after it, and like most
manufacturing businesses, came to a dead stand.
Uriclerjhia state 6t things, of course it became a mat
ter 6f Consequence and ahx lety to White A Billing*
bam how they 'shhuld realise return*fbr&elr heavy
investments at the Palls. The coiirsethey pursued
wax ingenious,'and finally resulted In giving to the
cltUenS of Philadelphia one of the greatest bless
ings that ever fell to their lot. They procured, to
.he published anonymously, in the papers of the
day, a series of essays on the subjeot of Supplying
the olty with water, that the city
should purchase the water-powerafcthe Pall*,erect
water-works there, making a basin ou the Hill,
then owned by toy, father, and the adjoining pro
perty, how laurel Hill Cemetery, and convey the
water through an aqueduot down to the city.
Therh w*s much opposition to this, and a newspaper
‘■H
JriSr tUo Bubjoot; but finally the City Councils
subject into consideration, anuappointed
'* wfcmlUoa of Inquiry to view the ground, Ac.
Thl«.pommiUee reported that i», was altogether im*
to bring Uxw .voter so great a distance
and so far the matter,ended;
White began “Do Btarted in
way, through the paper?, the idea of pur
tab water-power at the Palls, and erecting
i ®-t Fairmeunt, which, through inuoh op
finally prevailed, ahd Iliave always con*
Josiali White the originator of the'Fair-
WwWt Bam and Water-Works. There had been
oropreviously, two antiquated steam-engines for
the water* using wood for fuel,
i jßJdte * Gillingham' received, from the-city
I «is!S^ r • vr£^ r P°, weT improvements, at the
soino ofib hundred and sixty thousand dol*
now Joalah White, smarting under his
tlrolmeVii SChuylkillNavigation Company,
Mr. Huzard and a German gen*
Mr.-G/F. A. liauto, procured from tho
iliJ^idature r -March. 20th, 1818, “ An act to improve
Lehigh,*’. out of which grew the present
•Ijjidgh Navigation .Company, of which ho was one
fttJwe active managers until his death, November
'fltffifi 1850 - ', ;
'apw T ask, if X "have not shown good reasons for
wjfeg that' X' knew of no man, to whom the oiti*
‘ Z&S df Philadelphia are sO much indebted as they
htllpto Joslah White for substantial benefits they
dnjbyed,< First, we see him, In oompany
,^W.Mf. Hazard, :muhing experiments ’with the
4&hracjte poal,and succeeding in bringing it into
ipopticsd use in the rolling mill ; next, in suooess*
jffljjy contriving grates to make it applicable for
' use: then starting the Sohuylkill Nayi-
Company, to bring down a supply; oxlgi-
ho idea of tbe’Fairmounfc Water-works, re-1
-editing in giving- to the citizens of Philadelphia
’ mum a cheap- and plentiful supply of water as they
dreamed of befaro.; :and ‘finally, originating
tbbLohigk .Wprks. Tho warrior whfl slays thou
j aqmls of his follow oreatures is lauded and glori
. Ao4-»’ high monuments aro ejected to his memory]
, on wbioh arc emblazoned hia deeds of biood;but
plain, unassuming oitizon, who does so
' ! UiilCh good for hi? follow mon, and who neither
weeks or cuvots nbtdrlciy, sleep? his last sleep com*
• pilrativoly Uunotioedand unknown ; but the day
’.will come when all now living shall have' passed
o£‘tho Stage of existence ; whon the future histo
rian who shall look into tho facta that I have im*
. perfectly detailed to you, here, and comparing
, jtbojn with tbs results, in bis own ago, will plaoe
the name of Josiah. White whero it justly belongs,
Alongside of other benefactors of his race.
\ As an’ evldonoo of how far tho coal operations
have transcended the wildest anticipations of those
days, when White, Hazard and Haute prooured
; their act for improving the Lehigh, they had pre
viously prooiirod a loaso for twenty-one yoflrs on
all the coal lands in the neighborhood of Mauoh
Chunk, .an immense, tract of country,' for whieh
|hey,agreed to pay annually a rent, if demanded,,
iff ono e^r con h ood obliged thomsolves, after a
oertaln time, to bring down lo the city, for their
‘ 'o'lmi laeneflt, 40,000' bushels of coni, less tlian 1500
took. Xn the year 1854, according to tho report of
the Lehigh Company for that year, a copy of which
- i happen to have, thoro oume through the Lehigh
Works. 1,246,418 tons.
LITER. FROM KEY WEST.
Ship Corack Destroyed by Fire—Probable Loss
Of Bnreae Pacific.
Th? annexed loiter, from tho Key West corres
pondent pf the Now,Orleans Picayune, gives an
aoriount of the destruction of tho ship Caraok, by
fire, and tbo probablo loss of tho barquo Pacific,
with other marine intelligence:
* West, July 25.—Tho Tbomaston ship Ca
rack. Captain.Btelphon, from New Orleans, bound
to Liverpool, with a cargo of 2728 halos of cotton,
VraS destroyed by fire on tho 36th and 17th louts.,
ione hundred miles northwest of Tortugas. Oapt.
S,'arrived at this port on tho 22d, in the pilot boat
Edna, Jones, having been taken from the barque
Ann EUzAbeth, Capt. Norgravc, off this harbor,
iwbich.veseel had fallen in with bis boat, near Tor
tugaa, tbo.lBth- .Tho captain gives us the follow
ing account of the loss of ois ship:
“On tho 16th inst.,whon 250 miles 12. 8 E. of
Tortugas, with fine weather and light winds from
8. §. W., aboutlJi M., a tbundor, squall came up
hb<? the ship’s main mast was struck by lightning,
which, coming down the lightning rod attached to
-toyajl, hack Stay, penetrated the vessel,
into tho * hold. We, discovered by the
ijflnoke/sboo' after, that the, ship was. on fire, and
used e*Di*y fcx&rtftol to*gw*frutod-«?dttßgaisii i i*, hut
without success; and, as a last resort, caulked
down tho batches, stopped all,ventilation, and kept
the deck’s vrot. Wo made sail for Tortugas, that
being the nearest point, and hoped to have reached
that place beforo tho fire broke out. The smoke
soon became so thick in the cabin as to compel us
to leave it entirely. We then had the boats made
ready and launohed, so as to 1 leave tho ship when the
fire should force us to abandon her. The fire first
made Its Appearance near tho main rigging, forcing
up the deok to that the smoke came through the
Nsms. We still continued to wet the decks, and by
that moans kept the fire from bursting out before ft
would otherwise have done. July 17.—The shipetUl
on her course for Tortugas, but tho smoko becominj;
sc thick that we could only keep a man at tho who©!
for a fow minutes at a time. About two P. M. fire
burst through under themhicn chains, and we then
took to the boataand dropped them astern. About
three P/M. our painters burnt off, and we were
©w*t adrift. Wo thou were eighty miles irorn Tor
tugas. We remained in sight of the ship until she
was on fire fore and aft, and hor masts had burned
off. . 'We then started with the ship’s three boats
for Tortugas.”
A squall came up that night, which separated the
boats. Tho captain’s boat was picked up on the
18th, by the bark Ann Elisabeth, Capt. Norgrave,
of Philadelphia, and loft her off Key West, the
22d Inst., the captain and crew coming hero. The
boat commanded by the first mate whs picked up
by the *hip Dudley B. Moses, and arrived bore
tne2Sd. The third boat, in command of the se
cond mute, has not yot boon reported ; there were
in her seven men, via : the second mate, carpen
ter, and five seamen. Capt. Stelphen thinks that
they wore picked up by 1 some passing vessel
The Carack sailed from New Orleans, the 11th
inst., with 2728 bales eotton, bound to Liverpool.
The ship was eight years old, 874 tons burden, val
ued at $30,000, and fully Insured. The cargo was
valued at $200,000, and is, together with tho ship,
a total loss, there being no possibility of her drift
ing ashore. '
uapt. Stephen sunt part of his crew to New Or
leans, in the shi p 8. U. Mallory, Capt. Lester, leav
ing this port the 23d. He leaves in the Isabel, to
night, bearing to hor owner tho accounts of the sod
disaster.
The U. 8. schooner Tortugas, Capt. Wilson, ar
rived yesterday afternoon from Fort Jefferson, Tor
tugas, and brings news of tho probablo loss of tho
barque Pacific, Capt. Garduor, from Now York,
for’ Mobile, with on 'assorted cargo, at East Key
shoal, upon wbioh she struck on tho night of the
22d.‘ Copt. G., soon aGer getting ashore, com
menced to throw over cargo, and continued until
tho wrecking vessels from Gardon Key, arrived and
gavo their assistance. Several lighter-loads
were got out dry, and a quantity of the cargo
pioked up, sorao of which has arrived, and wus
sold to-day by the Marshal, At last accounts, tho
barque bad throe foot water in hor, and as the
wo&thor has been boisterous, It is conjectured that
she has bilged.
The schooner Mary Morton, Pinney, from Now
York, for this place, is over due.
The brig Bingham, Shannon, sailed for Mystic,
the 14th; schooner Kensington, for Now York, ou
the 18th.
Tho Key West Key of tho Gulf, of tho 25th
ult., furnishes the following additional intelli
gence :
The screw steamer R. Waterman, arrived at this
port' on the morning of the 19th inst., from New
Orleans and intermediate ports with the U. S.
mails, passengers and freight. This voasei was
employed for this trip only, (as wo are informed by
Capt. Coszens,) to bo succeeded by the new and
superior steamship Gen. Rusk, wbioh vossel is to
perform tho service hereafter permanently. The
Waterman sails for Now Orleans and intermediate
Florida ports to-morrow morning.
During the past week wo hove bad light breozes
and calms, and clear, ploosant weather—rather un
comfortably warm during the middlo of tbo days.
Last evening tho wind freshened from tho south
east to a very strong breeze, in squalls, with heavy
rain, accompanied by thunder and lightning, whioh
lasted until this morning. It bus the appearance
of a squally, rainy day.
We are pleased to Btatc that wo are onjoying a
season of perfect health, with ovory prospoot ot its
being continued to us.
The Court has decreed In tho oase of the Holon E.
Bcokor the following: Salvage on vossel and ma
terials, $1,704; expends of same, $4,854 89; total
salvage, $22,764 17; total exponses. $5,829 07; total
salvage and oxponfles, $28,683 24. Her cargo of
railroad Iron is held to bo worth $35 per ton, with
tho exception of about twenty tons of bent and
broken bars, at $2O per ton. About 850 tons of iron
have been' saved and brought here, and tho balance
of tho cargo will probably all be saved. The ship
8. R. Mallory sailed with her oargQ for New Or-
Orlcans on tho 22d Inst.
Tehuantepec,
From tho New Orleans Picayune, August 2,
Among the passengers of the steamship Texas,
for Vora Cruz, yesterday, were the Hon. J. P.
Benjamin, one of our Senators in Congress, the
Hon. Pierre Soule, ex-Benator, and Emile LaSere,
ex-Representative from the lower district! There
was also on board Col. Lee, who is benrer of Gov
ernment despatches to Mr. Forsyth, the American
Minister in Mexico.
The despatches are understood to relate to the
Tebuastepeo right of way and transit route, in re
ference to whioh some new arr&ngemonta with the
Mexican Government aro thought to be advisable,
since the late adjustment of domestic interests by
which tho American company is represented, with
out diiputo from any quarter, by the directory of
which Mr. Lkfiarew President. >
Mr. L»Bera is on his way to Mexico, to repre
sent that company, and with him-to cooperate
with is Mr-Benjamin, who has hitherto represented
the Hargoos-Garay interest, now happily merged
in this. Wo are not apprised of any public mission
or interest which takeshfr. Soule to Mexico.
We trust that they will find in Mexico a cordial
welcome and co-qperatipn in the furtherance of
their plans for giving iooraised efficiency to the
Tehuantepec enterprise—one which is of great
national value, and of special Importance to the
South and Southwest. ’ we are sure we can rely
on the vigorous 00-operation of Mr, Forsyth.
From the New Fork Herald
The Swiss Treaty. .
Wo haye received the following letter from the
Swiss Consul, In reference to the treaty lately con
cluded between the United States and Switzerland:
TO TES BDITOB 09 THB HERALD.
43 New Stasat, N** Yoax, Aug. 8.1857.
Sib:—ln reading your interesting paper of this day, I
find an article beginning with these worts:—“The Sews
and the United States Government—The Swiss Treaty.”
Allow me to ask of yoU the favor to read the treaty con
cluded between the United States of America and the
Swiss Confederation, and signed by his excellency,
Frahkllu Pierce, President of the United Stated, on the
9th of November, 1855, ■ - l
You wilt not find in said treaty a single word against
tbC American citizens of the Israelitlsh persuasion.
But in aqticlelyou -wUI find the following; ,
< i The citizens of the United States of America and the
citizens of Switzerland shall be admitted and treated
upon a footing of reciprocal equality In the two countries,
where Such admission and treatment shall not conflict
with the constitutional or legal provision, as well Fede
ral as State and Cantonal, of the coutracting parties/’
&"c.,&c. , * ' '
' . The Cantons of Switzerland are sovereign States, aa
well os the several States of the American Union, and
have each the right to make such laws as they think
proper to make; and I believe that in most of them the
Israelites bare not the same rights as the Christians.
But Of that the Americans have ho more right to com
plain than the Swiss aliens residing In theUuited States,
where, in many States, they hare not the right to hold
real estate, and are excluded of some other privileges. ’
Submitting these few lines to your consideration, I
remain, sir. very respectfully, your obedient servant,
bS.PH.DBLUZE,
Consul of Switzerland In New York.
From this oiplanation and Urn text pf the treaty
it Appears that the Striae Confederation impose ho
disabilities on Jews, though several Cantonal gov
ernments do; and np tho confederation can nouiore
control the domestie legislation of the several Can
tons than our confederacy can that of onr 'several
States, It may seem perhaps unjust to hold the
confederation liable for the prejudices and the nar
row polioy of the Cantons. I’riudieolly, however,
our correspondent the Consul will notice that the
effeotof the treaty is'just the same sa if tho re
striction flowedfrom a.law of 1 the confederation.
For. Instance,, he cannot deny that an Amerlonh
Jew, doipg business ,ln .the Canton of St.' (jail,
would have to cross over into Austria to Sleep, the
laws of the .Canton forbidding Jews to spend, the
night in the Canton.. So much for; thp treaty and
the explanation. - • ■ •
, Clionfpimne Itlnde and 'i Doctored."
From m .English book, just .published iu
London, and'from the pen of the'Hev. George
MuSgrove.K. A., entitled " A Pilgrimage into'
Dnuphiiiy,” tire cut the following peeps at tire
management of the delicious wine .known as
champagne. At the splendid establishment df
a, Monsieur L., ono of tho chief champagne
growers of Rhelms, 1 our clerical pilgrim' had
an opportunity of witnessing the mode of
“ doctoring” the wine for the market: i
.“.He painted out nine casks lying ,in the
court-yard, containing a ton of ufhite sugar from
tho Isle of Bourbon, every pound of which cost
hinepeiicd. Hereupon I requested him to Bhow
me some Of the genuine liquor in the stato, that
is, in which it leaves the pm ioit after tlie re
gular fermentation: process,, and beforo the
sweetening syrup is added. Hopresently select
ed a bottle trom some bins at hand, opened it,
and poured out a glassfhi. 'A mOro unpalatable
drink, Id the' denomination of wine, I never
tasted. It was like Saturne mixed with Worm
wood. ‘Now,’ said M. L., * I have taken out
two glasses from this bqttie. Here is a bottle
of from which I will fill up
the deficiency you have just created.’ I wit
nessed this fining up; and he then handed tlie
bottle to a cellermcm, who corked and strung
it in my presence. < That,* said he, «will, it
no distant date, become a bottle of primest
quality. It is the Verzenay growth.’ Atdin
lter at tlie house of Monsieur L., on tho same
day, the following scene occurred: ‘And now,
said mine host, ‘ let me offer you some of the
best wine wo have to boast of at Khelms.’
The string was instantly out, .and away wont
the cork on Rs tcrial travels. Our glasses
overflowed with the creamy stream, and my
tips wl*h compliments on its unsurpassable ex
cellence immediately afterwards. It was in
deed, beautiful (t) wine. When all the eulb
gium which such creditable sample elicited bad
been exhausted, and the sober certainty alone
remained of having lived
‘ thuato clasp perfection,’ f ‘ >
the announcement was quietly made, of tlie
bottle just emptied, being the identical one
from which I had onaeavored, in vain, to drink
a quarter of a glassftil two: hours previously!
Tbo same Monseur L. informed me that.to
forty gallons of pure champagne wine they are
obliged, by the requisition of the British
agents, to add at least fire (but more frequently
from ton to twelve)'gallons of brandy.
The account of the stock oT Moet’a wines,
pnd qf the cellos, is very curious. Here aie
statements that must stagger .the. teetotallers:
- u Tim•.ceUarmoii. M. Mqet’s‘ premises
are extremely civil and obliging/ He' employs'
about two liundrod work-people all through
the year, of which number thirty are boys and
twelve women. These women do tbo whole
work of tin-foiling the corks after the final wire
fastening, and wrap up the bottom in paper,
as we see them when we open the cases. One
of the chief overlookers took a lighted candle,
and placed another |n my hand, and proceeded
to conduct me, at tqy request* through the prin
cipal cellars, which are about fitly feet below
the level pf the street. He said the stock In
hand was regularly kept up to a total of three
millions of Bottles, (upwards of five thousand
pipes,) proportioned off Into growths of various
years and qualities. The wino is corked in the
following way: Not far from, the Grand Berccau
was a high vaulted chamber, containing seven
vast tons which hold from two thousand three
hundred to three thousand one hundred gallons,
one with another. These are kept filled bvery
year till bottling time- Along side of these
monstercasks were eight men occupied in the
operation of corking. The cork being taken
out of hot water, for .which a .little steamlqg
apparatus iskept-closd at band, comes to the
< ebantier’ (or iron-framed machine for driving
it into the bottle) ,in a ye.ry 10ft and. supple
state. It Is exactly two inches long .and one
and a quarter in' diameter, and in less than a
secofid'of time after it is submitted to the grip
and squeeze of the chanilor and Ua mallet, it
descends into the neck of tho. bottle, and is
ready for the string and first wiring. The men
I saw on the occasion were engaged on these
three operations alone; for foe tinfoil and wrap
pers would pot be in requisition till the tot
corking and wiring had taken place.”
A Clam-Bake.
As many of our readers Are not aoqu&inoed with
the modus opemndi of a clam-bake, 1 we give the
following sketch from a correspondent of the Wa
torbury Ameriwri;
A layer of stones is the first laid, about six foot
square, then a layor of good wood, then another
iayor of atonos, and so on till the pile reaches some
five foot iu hoight; the wood is then ignited, and
left to burn up. The hot stones are then put into
a largo pan of boiler iron, some six feot ia diame
ter, mid a little rook-wood is thrown in to give the
bivalves,tho requisite flavor. Thon they put in the
clums (both round and long,) oysters, lobsters, dif
ferent kinds of fish, stuffed and seasoned, and
wrapped in eloths—ohickens and ganio served like
fish,) greon com, potatoes, Ac. A pieoe of canvass
is spread over the whole, and then it is covered
with rook-weed sufficiently to (ceop in all the steam,
and left for about forty minutes, when it is served
totbeguosts. ‘ '
The Council Bluffs Nonpareil aay& that a
company of returned Mormons are now encamped
near that place, and that they lntond to mAke the
Bluffs their future home. They -have tried the
“land of promise,” and found promises more pleuty
than deeds, or at least than good deeds. Tne faiy
and cheering promises made to thorn wero all worse
than broken, aud they were subjected to restrictions
more rigid than those of alavery. At the risk of
their lives, they made good their escape.
On Monday night week, a murder was corn
raitted at Spring Hill, in Barbour county, Ala., by
Edward Carroll, upon tho body of a Mr. or Dr.
Drcwry, by tho stroko of a stick which fractured
tho skull, causing his death in a short time after
wards. Carroll immediately fled, but was pursued
to Columbus. Ga., by parties from Spring Hill,
who arrived here almost simultaneously with Car
roll. and had him arrested.
Rufus Choate has been selected us Orator
before tho Alumni Association of Dartmouth Col
lego for next year, and George P. Marsh, of Bur
lington, Yt., as substitute.
THE COURTS.
Quarter Sessions—Judge*Allison.—IThe 1 The jury
in the case of the Commonwealth v. Anna Meistcr
and others, brought In this morning a verdict of
“not guilty,” and tho defendants pay the costs.
Thus for the present ends a very remarkable oaßo.
Habeas Corpus Case.’—A bearing upon habeas
corpus was had in tho oase of John Hart and Wil
liam Rose, charged with having had, on the night
of the 2d of Jniy last, a quantity of counterfeit
money In their possession, with the intention of
passing tho same.
The testimony of officer Bartholomew disclosed
the tots, that he found Hart and Rose late at night
In the street, making a groat noise and vory drunk;
that upon taking them Into custody, Hart drew
something ont of his pooket and jerked back his
hand; that the officer Btopped hack and picked up
the parcel, which, upon examination at the station
house, was found 1 to contain twenty-eight three
dollar bills on a Massachusetts bank.
Upon the hearing, the Aldenhau held the defts.
iu *M?O bfti | and .it was for a reduction of
tho bail or their dtsonaige the hhbeas corpus was
heard. Judge Conrad, eiho heard this case/ eald'
he did not think there —as sufficient testirnonr to,
hold Rose, and he should therefore be discharged.
hut with regard 1 to Hart,’he wtmld certaßVf re
mand him for tidal. He .would, however,iwdude
the bail to. *l,OOO, which was not .entered up to
the adjournment of the Court. Wj; B.' Rankin,
Esq:, for the deft. ' “ ’
. Adjtunmmt of tht Court.of Qtfarlfr-SeMions
for One Weel.— Messm. Jftpam Dougherty and
Rankin severally appltid U the 1 Chart for two
weeks adjournment, In order jo get some time for
relaxation. The Histrhjt Attorney, Mr. Mann, ob
jected to two weeks, jjj’ttto'lonr, as he said there
were over, over 1000 returns to this term, and 200
bills lying pver frfln a former term. It was Anally
arranged that the Court would adjourn until psxt
Monday, at IQ o'clock. 7 ■
nsA A'i •> i' *
TWO CENTS.
(From the New York Dally Times.]
THE CUNNINGHAM AFFAIR.
Dr. Uhl end the Hippocratic Oath—Testimonial
to the Baby—Sobicrlption fee the Ctraalna*
h»m Children—They are Homeless. .
A great deal has been said about the Hippocratic
oath which, or the like of which, is taken by erery
regularly graduated medfoal sum in Europe and in
this country at the tune he receives his diploma.
The oath which Hippocrates is said to have admin*
{stored to his disciples, has come dpwn to us in the
Latin translation of Celsus; a few fragments of
the Greek original alone are preserved.' The oath
taken by modem physicians la substantially the
same, but vanes in some important respects, and of
course in the omission of the names of the heathen
deities. Hippocrdtes. the “Father of Medicine ”
flourished 400 years, before Christ. The following
is, the Hippooratio oath: -
Apollo, by Esculapias, by Hygeifc, and
the other gods and goddesses of medicine, to keep reli
giously the solemn promise to which I bind myself. I
shall look upon that man as my own father who shall
have instructed me in the art of healing. I shall bring
, all my knowledge to bear in aiding his necessities in erery'
' respect. I shall consider hit children as mine, and shall
teaoh them- medicine gratuitously, If they desire to em
brace that profession. , I .shall act in the same way to
wards those who shall b U>pnd by the oath which I take.
Never, will I suffer myself .to be Induced to administer a
poisonous medicament, or’to produce an’abortion, a *
w My only aim wilt be to comfort and hail the sick, to
ke<?p iDTiolafe their confidence,-and to avoid erea the
suspicion of haTidg abused it; especially In the Case of
- women. In whatever petition I may find myself, 1 will
preserve silence with regard, to-things which/ Judge
ought to be kept secret. May Ibe a religious observer
of my oath, receive the fruit of my labels, and lead a
happy life, eoastantly attended by the public favor. May
the contrary be my jafoif 1 become perjured."
The question whether Dr. Uhl has violated this
oathisnpvf extensively agitating the .community.
We receive.daijy several letters, pro and ?on, on
the subject. On? class of writers propose a testi
monial of admiration and gratitude to the, Doctor,
for. doing so 4 unpleasant a duty for the sake of
bringing so iniquitous a woman, to punishment,
while the other party do not hesitate to brand him
as being hiruselr nothing loss than “amoral men*’
star.” , .. . . ( , ;
. The Quidnuj&cs' must not, fancy they will be per
mitted, to enjoy tho particulars of whsit
the Academy of Medioli\emuy ao towards adopting
or repudiating the several. courses of Dpc tors Uhl
and Catliu, both of whom are membersin “ good
and regular standing.” , The Academy graciOual’b
permits members who are present wheft they discuss
suoh popular themes naFategmasia'doletu, or Ffl
bris puerperalis, to detail the proceedings even for
the secular papers. But this is only a gratuity, a
grace on' their pdrt, and if so, is it bo be presumed
lat such delicate matters as tho trial of Fellows
will be conducted openly,?, ('
At their last meetiflg; a .proposition was made
that the editors of medical journals should be al
lowed access. 1 to the minutes to copy them, A
venerable Father of the Academy objected, urging
that the Academy u should' be' very cautious tjow
their minutes were exposed.” It must be remam'-
bored that when a member reads a paper* and it is
referred to the Publishing Committee, it as tucked
away into tho archives, and ten to one it'neversees
the light again.: > • > '• > < t
The author still holds the copyright, but be can
not publish'it v as,’read before the Academy”
without incurring the wrath Of the academicians—
they must give a special permit for the purpose.
They have published one thin volume of transac
tions, and perhaps a dozen pamphlets beside. - The
thin Transactions are their only org&d. •: The pro
posal of Wednesday- night named above, after p
lucid discussion, and a sensible amendment or two
wax referred. - If the cartons will : bide- their time,
.they shall know.what la done with both iDoetors.-
whose names are pinned henceforth to the fame pf
Mrs., Cunningham, when the ‘Transact fails are
published.' 1 ' ■ ••'* -- ‘ j
Mem —The reason they do not publish their
rolumes oftener.is, they are shoi t of lauds. 1
In the meantime, talking of testimonials, it U
proposed by certain benevolent people, to get up a
testimonial foe Mrs. Anderson’s baby. .The ladies,
especially, are desirous of thus demonstrating
their sympathy for “the little blue-eyed as
they call the infant that Mr#. Cunningham hugged
to her breast as her “.legal baby,”, saying, as she
did so, that .she had “put her trust in tho, LoriJ,
and he had brought her safely through.”' And
while tho ladies are thrusting dollar bills Into life
infant’s tiny fist, or endowing it with laoed ?*ps,
nnd friiled and flounced - dressed, Mr. Greenwood,
of Barnnm’s American Museum, has an eye th the
gratification of that' largo portion of tho .tmbllp
who cannot spare time fora visit to the “ Lying-in
Ward 7 ’ of Bellevue Hospital. The following is n
proof of Mr. Greenwood’s enterprise*' and public
spirit; the letter, is addressed to the Warden of
Bellevue: ;
Amßbioajc Moaccm, Aug. 8,1857. j
T. Daly, fU4-— Denr Sit: I hire just returned (ton
Bellevue Hospital, where 1 had hoped to have the plea
sure of seeing you, as I wished your Influence with Mrs.
Anderson, iu procuring her end her,babe to be at the
Museum for a few after her dischjurgo from yotir
Institution. I could make it an object for her to do sA.
1 know your time U folly occupied when you are down
town, but I shall despair of seeing you, unless you cu
make it convenient to drop into the Unseam for a mo
ment to see me, or to inform urn. when and where I can
see you. ' ‘ ‘ \
Tour kindness and infineoce in the premises shall be
cheerfully and amply reciprocated by , j
Your obedient servant, ,
• - JourGasaxwoon,Ja.,Manager.-
Tito baby continues, os well as its mother, to lie
tho object of curious inquiry and attention. Yes
terday, it was a week old.' Ita fat cheeks testify
that it'thrives on its popularity. Mrs.-Anderson
still keeps her bed, but is doing well. . j
Mr. Greenwood is not the owy party who seeks
to gratify the public curiosity. Others'are ready
to step In when the. slightest chance presents it
self to t “ turn an honest penny.” ;Mr. Daly, tifo
Warden of Bellevue Hospital, says that, on Satur
day forenoon, a long-feced individual, with Amlm
dab Sleek accent and demeanor, called upon him
apd expressed a desirojto get the mother and baby
as soon as the health of the Former would permit,
and exhibit them, twenty-fivecents admittance.* He
promised to engage rooms at either the St. Nicho
las or Metropolitan Hotel, and ensure them the
best of comforts end attention.
This gentleman urged upon Mr. Italy to accede to
hit proposition, prouiibg that a good fond could
thereby be raised for the future support of the his
torical babe.' Mr. Paly refused “to make a Cal
vin Edson or Poddy Lambert*’ of top child.
It is not, Indeed, likely that the child will be
exhibited, at least for some time to come, notwith
standing these applications, ifiv District Atton
ney' Hall has instructed Mr, Paly to retain both
Mrs. Anderson and her child in the Hospital till
he consents to their removal, as he wishes to uM
the mother as a witness in the approaching trim.
The mother has consented to this arrangement,
and thus will remain dwellers a month or two
longer in comfortable quarters. ; .
Helen and Georgiana Cunningham still remain
at No. 31. Georgiana is very.aiok, aud Helen,
though wearing in her features the evident marks
of oare and alarm, has assumed the management
of the household. She deprecates-her sister An*,
gusto’s conduct, in leaving the house, and refusing
to return to it, and says that she at least will never
desert her parent, in prison or out. There is some
thing noble in the poor girl’s devotion, after all J
The Cunningham family have received orders to
quit the house in Bond street, and the tradesmen,
from whom about two weeks ago the furniture was
obtained, (on eredit,) which was then moved into
it, are preparing to remove it immediately, as they
do not anticipate much probability of their being
paid for tho same. There has been some talk of a
subscription being raised for tho children, Dr. Phi
promises ono hundred dollars, and several other
gentlemen have expressed their willingness to con
tribute- In a few days they will be without a
home. f
[From the Cincinnati Enquirer.]
Sertei and Abolitionists in onlo.
There is a remarkable and very suggestiye
fact in regard to tho negro emigration into this
State. It is this: Of the twenty-five thousand
free negroes in the State, the vast majority re
side in the counties where there are very few
Abolitionists, and which have been chiefly set
tlod by emigrants from tho Southern States.
These negroes appear to have a great dread of
the abolition counties; they giye them a wide
berth. Thus, for example, Aahtabuin litis a
negro population of forty-three, Geauga soyon,
Trumbull sixty-five. The other counties on'
the lake have a proportionate number of'ne
groes. These counties are settled almost ex
clusively bv New England emigrants. On the
other hand, Ross county, a Virginia settle
ment, has one thousand and six negroes; Gal
lia has one thousand ono hundred and ninety
eight, and Hamilton county has over' four
thousand. •
In these counties Hie negro is regarded as
inferior, socially and politically, and the Abo
litionist has hut a slight hold. What is the
cause of this striking discrepancy ? Is it that
tho negro feels and knows his inferiority, and
naturally attaches himself to the population
which is disposed to regard him os an inferior?
or is. it that the whites in the lake shore
counties are Abolitionists from an Ignorance
of the real character of the negro? Certainly
there is no better mode of curing a neighbor
hood of Abolitionism than by inflicting on
them a colony of free negroes. The only way
In which Giddlngs can bo defeated will be by a
few more such philanthropic efforts as those of
Col. Mendenhall, In settling a few hundred
North Carolina or Kentucky negroes in Ash
tabula. If our Southern friends will'send us
their surplus negro population, let them pro
vide that they may he located ambbg their kind
and generous friends in tho Wettem Reserve.
Such earnest philanthropy,- as they profess
ought not to be wasted on the desert.
Arrest el CenjiterfeUers.
The arrest at C&ptttoa, ?&., last week of Joe
Miller, the king of CQonterfeiters, her been follow
od by the arrest ol£ two more of his gang at Mounds
title and Wheeling. .One .named Jones was arrested
at passed several $lO and $2O
counterfeits.,At Wheeling, on Thursday, a man
who gtvehu nain« as George Johnson, was arrest-
by Jptins Ballenberg, a Main street clothier,
aud ttken before Aid Dulty, to undergo an
hmWutuOn for passing counterieit money. He was
-and sixteen hundred and twentydollara
of counterfeit money,wu found on hU pnwoh,
besides a brass knnokler. He alsohad on hie person
seventy-two dollars and fifty cents In good money,
ttenty dollars of which he afterwards gvrt’to Mr
Segal in place of the bogus notapaasedon him
The Counterfeit notes were as follows: For tv-five
dollars in fi’a'on the “ Ohippewty Bank " inWlt
consin,nipety dollars in 10’s On tiw, “Northwester a
Bank in Wheeling, fourteenihnpdredand eighty
dollars on “Fanners and Drovers Bank "‘at
Waynesburg, and five-dollars on the “ Bank of
Commerce.. . ™
• ThB toports of ,foreign goods at the port l of
gft.SPAf *»!“?$ August 7, amour, wd to
'fi ,92 !!?V 1639,382 oyertho
'Corresponding weak ft, 1888. The pfincipal items
2«. oK 1 ” w 6” : ".*? ? oods . $624,217; saltpetre,
*&,«& i«*g*r and mwassw, $65,841, __ jj ,
Goßespsadtuts for “Tap Sysia” in
mind the follovitg - ,j . v
arery fooSt be by, fee
name of the writer/ insure correctness o
the typogrephy, bat one eSte of a sheet should be
written upon..
We shall be greatly obliged to gentlemen to Pennsyl
vania ani other States for contributions giving the cor
the day to their particular localities; the
resouroee of the eurroundlng country, the increase of
population, and any information that will be interest in
to the general reader. • * j
(From theNatfobal Intelligencer; Aug. Itfc.}
‘ F&IYATEE&-IMG.
In my last number I promised an effort to
show that war against commerce is the least
oppressive, most hupaane, and most effectual
iu bringing about peace, of any other means
to be employed by piqrjtitae'Powers* It is a
fact, not to he lost . sight #f,iiL discussing the
propriety of privateering, that, from the de
scent of the Spanish 1 'Armada and the days of
Van Trornpj the sovereignty of the seas has
beenclaimed*, and it may. be.said successfully,
too, bypometem? great naval F6wer. Unlike
the relative strength of nations on lgnd, who
are sometimes so nearly balanced by numbers
end wealth'or geographical advantages as to
be able to hold each other in check for ages,
no such counterpoise has long continued, on
the ocean,as history well From the
breaking out of the war of the French'- Kevo
lution till the close of that war by the battle of
Waterloo, the .maritime Powers of continental
Europe were little more than ship-builders lor
the royal navy of Great Britain j .'or it ‘is an
undeniable tact that, while France, Spain; and
Holland all built better ships, fastersaiiers, &c.,
than England, yet comparatively few men-ol
wor, il.qven fiiirij launched at sea in. a war
with .* England, returned to their original
owners.* ’ -
’ Hut It hfls been said that the trident of Hep
tuno'wasstticfceh ftojn the Lion by thcEagle
of America, thrown to- • the battle’s breeze by
the gallant Huh on the -I9tk of jUngust, I£l2.
And so.it was* and so it ever will.be under like
circumstances j but, .beyond., natiouaf pride,
3 home/ aEd glory., what effeef have stick'victo
rius on the conUnoancVof war l CeTtainjy hot
to shorten it, fof> while the vanquhihed at- the
beginning of a, war wilhthirst for opportunities
to retrieve his looses, so will, the conqueror
pant, for pew. victories; and thus the war-spirit
becomes', inflamed and' excited io a pitch
high to? re ‘Cached by pradent or caUa'reason
ing, and’waff-to thus continued for the Sfckeof
War and hope of glory until the means of carry
toShiOhshaiffail, or until gome irieadly
perhapga.quasi shall tMnk the beiligerepts
have reduced themselves to her own level,’and
shall thdn'oflef mediation; and soonpeaci is
restored; but perhaps without 'so much as* a
discussion -of the questions' on which the war
was commenced. - . ,
~ have lost by battle and by se*
equally in shipp, the battle "and the sea iiave
provfed the wiiiding-sheets ofthouiadas cut Off
In the < prime ibb/ and fatherless children,
widowed mothers,- vnd aged parents,- dependent
upon sons, for support iu the dpimdrilljof lire,
are thus suddenly j thrown upou ; the; -world’s
cold charity,.or, what is 4 worse in tiie United
States,'npon the forlorn hope of'a piftahee by
•way of pension grudgingly ‘ melcd 'ajttir ‘ythrs
0/ humitiathgiupplicatioß and Unoching'hl l he
toof* of .Cbugriet. Such,. I am . reluctant: to
admit,;was about the. result of our, tost.war
with England, when the belligerents carm* out
.of the war relatively, 4 as regards national
strength, about as they commenced* the
honors and' moral effects were -on our side, Mid
a fair balance sheet would show us largely .the
gainers in pounds, shillings and pence; but for
this latter Hem we stand indebted to qjujq pri
vaiephned navy. ‘
Ciptain freorge Coggshall, in his adwAuble
history*6f American'privateers, says an aggre
gate of two thousand sail of British shipping
were captured by .our little navy, icith thc-'4id
of privaietri and letters of murqve, exclusive
of captures made on the great Northern Lakes.
Ofthesd two thousand Captures upon the high
seas, thirteen hundred and thirty were taken by
prisfl/e armed vessels* Mr* Goggshall ftrtfcer
statea that “I have fotmd.it dilhcult to.teicer.
tain . the - exact number of our own vessels
taken and destroyed by from
the best ihfdrifaatioh I can obtain; 41 / shduld
judge thcy trould'not amount to morethah jive
kstiired rati/? leaving uia clear-gaifo
Attitorei British ships, being taken
from the enemy and appropriated to our oyru
wapta,' could faU but little stion in value,of 1 ihe
cost of the wir to us* To the actual valpe' of
ships taken ftxmrthe enemy itTsbutjuSfth iKld
at least fifty per centum for protection, aflbrded
to our own. commerce and coatt trade the
full employment our privateers g are the British
navy, remembering, too, that these private
armed vesseis—oaly 250 of the
Government nothing save only the parchment
on which their commissions were printed. * i In
the capture of the Guerriere by.the. Qfiziatitu-
Uon.tiiQrewerc
sixty-pine wounded in aingie t»ttie,the effect
o/ which was to* excite the war spirit“whilst
the capture of fifteen hundred Hritisdi mer
chantmen, worth probably.near a'hundred mil
lion of dollars, striking terror’ to the rßritish
Government, her capitalists, and her subjects
of every class, was doubtless accomplished
with far less loss of life and human suffering*
4*l do not deny that the capture of the Guer
riere by the Constitution,» and our naval suc
cess in general in the war of ISIZ-’IS-'H had
a very important influence on the. war-spirit of
England.. It could not be otherwise, beoanse
It broke the charm of invincibility on the. lea,
so long claimed for the Lion and the Crown; it
humbled the Briton’s vain boastings,' Wnd
taught hern-new lesson in naval tactics,To’wit,
that.to meet a Yankee foe on the ocean was
not always followed by victory to tLe British
arms, but most generally the reverso; but I do
mean to say that, in a war between the United
States and Great Britain, the havoc which 'Jive
hundred-* and we could send out a thousand —
well-appointed private armed vessels, would
commit on English commerce, despite her
/Aowtoki would have more influ
ence in' preventing hostilities and restoring
peace, than many pitched battles and bloody
Victories gained, on land and sea, by regular
armies and navies, and at the cost of ao much
ti*sa&ure and ftigbtful sacrifice of human Life,
and entailed misery on
Many a babe left fatherless
And many a widowmoaidag:-*’
A astion’s wealth is estimated by its popu
lation ;bat who can act .a moneyed value on
human life ? It is abuse pf ice when compared
with gold and silver. Whosoever taketh .life
shall pay the forfeit by his own life, and no
amount of treasure can avert the Sentence of
the law In such cases; thus showing that the
value of human life with civilized nations is,
indeed, above all price. The truth of this
preposition will hardly be called in question by
any moralist of the present age. It therefore
follows as the first duty of Governments,'uot
only to avoid war by all honorable means at
command, but, whenever forced to take up
arms in self-defence, to use her arms and other
resources of annoyance so as to inflict ,the
severest blow she, can upon the enemy with
’the least possible loss of human life' and’ an
noyance to peaceful and rural inhabitants.'
But war against private property ou the high
seas is said to be a rule of the dark ages, and
ought not to, be tolerated in these enlightened
days of Christian philanthropy. So i 3 the
monster, war, in all its phases, hot least of all
when directed against oceanic oommeree, since
the sacrifice of life is comparatively small, and
the loss of property, though often large, is so
owned and distributed as to be seldom over
whelming to any one. 3lost ships and their car.
i goes, especially; in time of war, are owned con
jointly by wealthy merchants, who protect
their interests by insuring in joint stock com
panies composed of rich- bankers, lords, no
bles, and others of large estates thronghout
the realm, who, to be sure, are occasionally
made to taste of the -horrors of war in the way
of increased taxation and short dividends,oc
-1 casioned by captures on the sea; and thus it
is that war on conmerce is carried into the
pockets of those who make and maintain wars,
and in that way privateering is most potent in
restoring and maintaining the peace of the
world.
Something has been said about the moralitv
of privateering. All wars are against mo
rality, and the day was when privateering was
looked upon as a mere license to rob, ahd but
little removed front piracy. The same may
be said of some great naval expeditions in
olden times. But a faithful history of Ameri
can privateersmen, both of the Revolution and
the late war with England, will show thas pri
vateering under the flag of the Unitetf States
has ever been conducted with as much hu
manity, gallantry, and moral proprietv as by
the most chivalrous naval commanders’of the
present or past time. T. Ae C. i
The Gloucester Fisheries
Some Six or eight sail have arrived from the Bav
with fares from two to three hundred barrels itch.'
A great fleet may be expected home in a week nr
two from, the British &me vts£ti wS
£?r.n„7m h . rM ‘"I 8 ,"* *«°n. SomedTvs in
lrinds Ire favorable.
nnrf.r fn» -Sn 1 to Me th !f® vessels arriving
r , . **Mi with a graas display of bunting,
and entering the Larbor'of Gloucester, otT^r’
fremthi4 t 5“ ; aUre da f- with full cargoes
SatfE“l“ St Lawrence. From twenty-live
1 have arrived in one day. \\ i see
i thing to prevent the port of Gloucester from
wownog the fisheries of Massachusetts
iriuua its limits. Its facilities uki convenience.*
fire s° much superior to any other port, that the
DOamttt la being gradually guen up at many minor
ustungpiaceS. from all ports ia the State of Maine,
▼esael* coma to Gloucester to fit and pack, .their
owners finding that they cannot cany on the buii
at thd places where they reside, nor dispose of
their cargoes, nor procure their supplies, without
great difficulties. At Gloucester the cash can be
obtained for theirfish os soon as landed, and all out*
fits obtained.— Boston Traveller.
A man named Jane way was frightened to
death, at Indianapolis, on Monday last, through fear
that he would be run over by a train of earson th«
Terr? Saute Bailroad. He was to a Wgyfand
was about crossing the railroad, when t 5» train
»ne»rthe truck,
th*l the driver became « lerror-.tricken' u m
Sfl'bta Sh pfljriciuns Mi,! who eg.