(Pep- . >sss^cs« Clj express. MONDAY, AUGUST 8, 1857. DEMOCRATIC NOMINATIONS. ... iFORGOYERNOR, . jjaJWtLXAM F. PACKER, OP LYCOMING COUNTY. FOB JBDSaS OFj/ffiJsOTREME COCB*V villi am strong, > l op BBftxs cboht*. 1 ’ , JAMES THOMPSON, .FOR CANAL COMMISSIONER, ; i NIMROD STRICKLAND, • » OP CHESTER COOSTT. beeticompelled to throw seve ral of pur leading editorials on the,outside. A* WOBB Or THANKS. It is" bo easy aiid so.common a thing for new journals to boast of their prosperity, that when thero is, a-great success, it must speak for itself rather than through the pen of the edi tor. But it the risk of falling in with the cus tom, ahff 'ijf being accused of a little of tho self-glorification pardonable in a « new begin ner,” We cannot refrain the expression of our grateful; surprise at the manner in'which The Pj»ESS.has been received, not only here, but everywhere :else, in and out of the State, so far as we. .have, .heard.. We expected a hearty Pennsylvania welcome. - We asked only for a fair trial and a patient hearing. We appealed for Bupport in the profession to which we have been reared with no aggressive purposes upon others, and with.a consciousness that the world is wide, enough for all. , In return, we.have been greeted with an outburst of popular feel ings that cannot be mistaken. It comes from the heart lof a generous people. It speaks the language of- confidence and of encouragement. Subscribers have poured in upon us from all parts the city and country, and from allpar ties too. bjjr advertising columns, filled with voluntary, offerings, tell .their own story,. We should-.be as cold as a statue if these demon stratiansidid not excite the liveliest emotions of gratitude. Tun Feess is no longer an ex periment.: It is an institution. The reader of a public print may differ from the editor, but if he is provided with a good medium of news, and a fair share of use ful information and interesting selections, such a difference will.be- rather agreeable than otherwise. 1 Acting upon this assumption, wo shall candidly speak our own thoughts in our own department, while wo shall careihlly attend I to the wants of the public in other re spects. . , ■ THE QUESTION OF KANSAS—SHALL THE , MAJORITY RULE ? When tie Nebraska-Kansas bill was under discussion, ip Congress, Mr. Buchanan was quietly ,discharging his duties as American Minlsterito the British government. He could not, with propriety, have expressed an opinion - as to the merits of the controversy, or the expe diency of introducing tho bill obliterating the Missohtf line. But he was always a’careful ob servefot’ public events. He (ad read'tbe do bates,|-;and, had watched the progress of the excitement before the Nebraska bill became a law. A; statesman so accustomed to public affairs, and so 'long identified with the legisis tion of Oongress on the subject of slavery, was peculiarly, competent to distinguish the true path of duty on the new question which had grown, out of the old one. The people, instincjjyeiy appreciating Mr. Buohawu’s .at titude, and .recalling his long life of , fidelity to the Cbnstitution, and. his safe, solid, and con servative, character, soon ■ pointed to him as the only man who could' deliver the country from the'calamity of a geographical adminis tratioh .of the government. It is true a de cided'.effortVwas made to arrest the popular current; and; among the reasons suggested against the.nomination, was the one that he was not sound on. the. Nebraska question; but the Voice of: the majority prevailed; and Mr. BuonANANbeeame-the Democratic candidate for President. The Nebraska principle came at once in'lssue. The South—however some of its'politicians may have opposed his nomi nation, soon discovered that if the .Union was to he rescued, from sectionalism, and the just requirements,pf.the Constitution enforced, the only way toseeure these essential results was to elect-Mr: Buchanan. In his lettepof ac ceptance,dated at Wheatland; dime 16,1856, he statpd his views on the subject of the Ne braska'bill in' language so’ clear, that. it'was immediately‘approved in every part of the country,, aWe copy from that letter as fol; 10w5;... , “Thfcreoonl legislation of Congress respecting domestic slavery, derived, as it has hem, from the ongliidl . and pure fountain of political power, TOw ynLl, OF THE MAJORITY, pro miees’ere long to allay, the dangetons excitement. This legislation is founded upon principles as an cientjssfree government itself, and in accordance with I him, has simply declared that the people of a territory, like those ;ef a State, shall dottde for’ themSslves,' whether slavery shall or shall not exist within their limits.” i And now observe his luminous exposition of the ted* principle of the Nebraska bill, in the paragraph immediately following the'above: “ Ths'Ntbrasda Kansas act dues no more than give hUebforce of daw to THIS 'ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLE OF SELPrOOVERNMENT, decla ring j.t to bo‘ the true intent and moaning.of this act nhs’to legislate slavery into>ny'territory or State, n dr to'exclude It therefront, but to leave the , .people thereof perfectly free to form and 'regulate' ; ' 'their! o*n institutions hi their own way, subject - - f*)nly y a farmer administration, and the last li,ke Of BltlS OOOHTY. the drat and second, had to adjust these troubles. He selected^statesman,'for., the post of Governor of though born in Pennsylvania, had djstinguUlicd-hjm- Belf in Congress, and m .tlni'- Cabinot; as' the representative of the extreme Southern State of Mississippi, by his marvellous devotion and ability to measures deemed most essential to Southern security and prosperity. Wo deed only allude to Mr. Walker’s signal and Suc cessful support of the annexation of Texas and the Tariff llls whole career is 'crowded with-evidences of his fidelity-nnd courage against the enemies of the South- The selection of Mr. Wi „kek was hailed by thousands as the best that could he made, .and his acceptance of the delicate trust was uo where more heartily applauded than ill the South. Previous to departing to the scejie of his labors, the President instructed him ah fol lows—still keeping in view the great principle that THE WILL OX THE MAJORITY Of the of Kansas should be conclusive. We quote from Gov. Walker’s own address to the tJeo ple of Kansas: - \ “My instructions from the President, thrjfiigh the Secretary of State, under date of the yiUth of March last, sustain l thc regular Legislature of the. Territory’ in ‘ assembling a convenHqti to form a Constitution,’ and they express thohjiin ion of tho Prosidont, that 1 when such a Constitu tion shall besubmitted to the people of the Tetri' torn theymitst be protected hi the exercise oj their right of voting for or, against tluit and the fair expression of the popular will must., not be interrupted by fraud or violence.” Various allegations are made against Go vernor Walker by the extreme press, North and South. The first declare that be recog nizes the laws of the pro-slavery Legislature of the Territory; the second that he has in tervened beyond the line of his duty in tho matter of advising the submission of the Con stitution to a vote of the people. Now, how ever absurd many of the laws of that Legisla ture may be, all fair men must see that they were regularly passed by a Legislature chosen under the forms of the organic act. Mr. Bu chauan and Mr. Walker found them on the statute book: they were not responsible for them, and they could not repeal them. So fair and so just is this view of this part of the charge upon Mr. Walker, that the late at tempt of the fanatics of Lawrence to resist these laws, against Governor Walker, utterly broke down, on account of divisions among themselves as to tho policy of sucli a revolt. The allegation that Governor Walker has intervened beyond the line of his duty in ad ; vocatlng the reference of the Constitution of the Territory to the people thereof, we are disposed to regard as more unjust than that of the Abolitionists in reference to tlio laws of the Territorial Legislature. He had a perilous duty to discharge. He was surrounded with factions. He could not act without large dis cretionary powers in the midst of such a com munity. We believe lie did his best, and we stand ready to approve his course. He could not hope to satisfyevery ultraist. He saw the ample, positive, and comprehensive instruc tions of the Executive, and he acted upon them. It is reasonable to suppose that the best judges of l Governor Wal ker’s sincerity and patriotism are those im mediately interested —viz: 1 tho people of the territory, and accordingly wo see that at a Convention of Democrats, called to nomi nate a delegate to Congress, and attended by the’leading pro-slavery men of the territory, Governor Walker’s courso has beenapproved, and Iho project of submitting tho Constitution shortly to bo formed to the vote of tlio people, strongly endorsed. If such men as Strino xellow, Isaacs, and others, prominont in all the conflicts with the free-state men in Kansas, are content tluit Governor Walker has dono his best, they having been witnesses of his action, why should those of the South com plain, who are strangers to tho facts? The best'evidence that his mission did succeed, however, is to be found in this: that his policy is heartily approved by tho mass of the people, as well in as out of the territory, and that men of ail parties are daily bearing testimony to his impartial, heroic, and indefatigable states manship. Although a few violent men in the North may denounce Governor Walker be cause he has ignored the farce of the Topeka Convention, and a scarcely larger class of men ; in .the South may oppose him on the allegation that! lie has intervened beyond the letter of liis instructions, yet we rejoice that between these twojextremes, widely separated in appearance, imdjyet unconsciously converging to the same . endj—Uiero is a vast and irresistible middle majority of practical and patriotic men—a class at tliis moment larger and more control ingjthan at any former period of our history. -It is not made up of Democrats and Old' Lino Wings alone, but includes many who last year vot|d for Fillmore and Frehoht. All these citizens have been reared in obedience to tho of tho majority. Thoyhave been accus tomed to respect and to venerate it, and what ever may be, or may have been, their preju dices on this Kansas question, they cannot re vise their approval to the same great principle, and’especially so, when it comes to them as a peaim offering from a territory so long the theatre of unhappy dissensions. ij; is scarcely necessary for us to show how many Constitutions have been submitted to tlio; people for ratification. To take ground against a practice which has prevailed, with few'exceptions, North and South, is unworthy of any liberal mind; and to refuse to the -people of Kansas an advantage which the people of all the States of the Union, but six or eight, b&ve enjoyed, would be a disgraceful comment upon the boasted theory of popular sovereignty. TFhile we regret that any portion of our countrymen should array themselves against the, attitude of the President in this crisis, we cannot doubt that the statesmen of the South— tho&e who so well understand the Constitution, and who are so justly sensitive on the subject of the rights of the States, will find that Mr. Buchanan has taken the only course he could pursue, iu justice to himself, and the expectations of the country. Already has ! a large and controlling portion of the Southern press spoken out in support of his policy, and everyday’s discussion and inquiry will confirm the ground he has assumed. In deed, up to this moment, most of the Southern complaints .have been directed rather against the expedients to which Governor Walker hasj resorted in the midst of the extraordinary excitement which surrounded him, than against tho. principle asserted in the Nebraska bill, and reiterated in the President’s instructions. This principle is as sacred and us old as free go vernment itself* and we predict that the energy antj determination of Mr. Buchanan, as well as .the sagacity aud courage of Governor Walker, through all these grave difficulties, In Support of this principle, will be sustained by an immense majority of the American pco plei North and South. THE DEFENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia is not so immedi ately on tlie sea as New York, yet she would possess no immunity from the assault of a maritime power, if the channel of the tran quil and gentle Delaware should be unde fenued'or unobstructed. The latter means of defbnee—that of cutting off all communica tion with the sea—might be in harmony with the nature of au inert and sluggish power like thd great Russian Eippire, but could never bo the truo policy of an active people like ours, full of resources, and as happy as they arc realdy in practical expedients to meet the most unexpected emergencies. A channel of no | great intricacy, of less than a hundred miles in extent, winds its way from the Capes, so familiar to the lovers of a plunge in the surf, up the middle of tiio broad bay of the Delaware, turning Stony Point, passing Reedy Island, where the Bay and River repeatedly, though imperceptibly, chango into one another; then opening to the right and left as it ap proaches the Pea Patch Island,a name identified witji legal arguments ofthe highest acumen,that will be appreciated as long as common law re ports arc quoted," and the busy sceno for the last tdn years of the operations of the United States Engineers in building the water battery and castle called Fort Delaware; it comes to* ; pettier soon, again .before it passes the, quiet and lovely town of New Castle, which was the first Christian village to;grace the banks of the Delaware, to continue on its serpentine and moire 'river-like course to our own' city of many comforts,'if of but few pretensions. Tilt Pea' Patch Island, which is about half wav tVoin the’city to the Capes, lies in mid- a mile and a quarter front either shjre, ahd peculiarly well situated to corn may the . double channel running, on .either ajde ,of it.; Tho, gallant. and, patriotic little. Stateof. Delaware, ceded, ip 1913, this island to. Government for the express pur- -pose of having a fortress erected uppn it ;for the defence of the passage up the river. The island at tho timo was Imj a mud buul; covered at'every high tide. , The first work iifus to re claim' it (roin this constiint oyurfiow-, shortly after tho Peace of-1815, the construction of a regular %ork was commenced, which was finished aud garrisoned, probably os early as 1825. Many of our older inhabitants will, doubtless, recollect its star-shaped form. Tho art of construction then had not reached the high order it now claims for itself. Tho soil being only a compressable mud, the founda tions proved insecure, and the walls conse quently settled and cracked. There was also too large a combination of wood introduced into tlie structure, which led it to the inevitable fhte to which all similar works are destined, that of a conflagration, turning its garrison literally adrift in the hard mid-winter of 1830. The old walls were razed to the ground. Claimants under the State of New Jersey setting up about this time an opposing title to that the United States held under Delaware, Congress, in 1888, directed that all works in construct ing a fort on this island should he suspended until the title was settled and fixed in the Uni ted States. The matter was eventually refer red, by tho mutual consent of both parties, that of tho United States given under a spe cial act of Congress, to the arbitration of that distinguished jurist and irreproachable lawyer, the, late John Sergeant, who, after listening to learned argument, hearing testimony, and making the closest scrutiny into Colonial re cords, grants and charters, decided in favor of tho right of Delaware to dispose of the island; a decision so truly and deeply founded in law, reason and justice, that there was no one left to contest it. The earlier appropriations for the works whieli were condemned to the fate narrated, resulted, however, in at least giving the basis of the substantial dike or embank ment which still serves to reclaim the surface of the island from tho overflow of tho high tides of the river. We learn that, indepen dent and exclusive of them, later appropria tions, amounting fully to two-thirds of a million of dollars, have already been expended in building the work now constructing; and that it will most likely take altogether a mil lion and a quarter of,dollars to finish and com plete it. Warned by the fate of the first work, great care and many precautions liave been taken in securing the foundations of the now frie. In fact, we understand that through the piling of the foundation, the new works haveyenetrated as far beneath the plane of low water as tho battlements are destined to tower above it. Tho policy which would ex pedite of a work so indispen sable to thajjlefcnce of our city, shall meet our zealous support, and wo shall also he found equally ready to advocate, when the appropri ate time comes, tho construction of such ad ditional batteriis on either shore, as will best bjrvo to give the most efficacious cross-fires, for closing the passage and ascent of tlio Del aware against the. largest fleet of the most powerful stoamerakthat the jealousy or ri valry of the maritime powors of monarchi cal Europe may send, in the vain at tempt to crush growing power, which they so much dread,\of this free and hap py country. We must l}erc take occasion to to say that wo will never (yield to any narrow policy that would ask for'our own neighbor hood a protection that we wfqdd not see ex tended to any other port of whe ther north or south, cast or west, oifthe At lantic, on tho Lakes, on tho Gulf, or on' tlm. Pacific. Against a foreign foe this Union of States is, and we trust over shall bo, to every true and loyal' American, but ono common country, of which no part can be touched without all rising to resent tho injury and re dress tho wrong. In advocating the making of ail necessary preparations tor the defence of our city and its trade, wo shall not deem our full duty dis charged, and forget the, great claims of the commerce of our State upon the fostering care and protection oftho Federal Government. Go vernments are instituted to look after such ma terial interests of the people as cannot safely be left to tho care of individual watchfulness. A Federal Government like ours stands in a similar aspect to tho people of the States, and should be kept ever active in the frill exorcise of all its legitimate functions. Wo shall be disposed to class among these ftinctions such indispensible National works as neithor indivi dual enterprise nor separate State action can effect. The commerce ofPcnnsylvania carried in vessels beyond its borders by water, along natural channels of navigation, from its three principal outlets, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Erio, is in our estimation fully entitled to all the fostering ca - o that tlio government, em powered to regulate it, can legitimately extend to it. But’we shall most certainly never seek its development through any of those minor confederacies of several States, whiqli some among us liave seemed disposed to suggest and advocate, but which would more likely serve, according to our notions, as nestlings of seces sion and disunion, than lead to any useftil end. A WORD ABOUT THE WESTERN MAIL Change not always Reform. There has been much talk lately about im proving tbe mail service between Philadelphia and the principal commercial points in the “ Great West,” and wo learn that the discus sion of the subject has induced the Post-office Department to project some new schedules for the mail trains departing in that direction. The changes proposed are intended to embrace tlie mails going west from New York and Balti more, as well as those from this city. It seems to be the design of the Post-office Department to arrange such hours of departure from Phila delphia, New York and Baltimore, respec tively, as will insure a junction of all three lines at Columbus, Ohio, at one hour, the mails from the three cities to go forward from that point by the same train. If this design is carefully executed, it will, doubtless, be a great improvement upon all existing arrangements; but, on the other hand, if due precaution is not used, the change may prove it to be anything else than a reform. For instance, it is alleged that it is in contemplation to despatch our great western mail by the fast train, at 12.55 - P. M. Now, this at first sight appears to be an iin. provement, but a moment’s thought will Bhow that it is not. The mail, by this arrangement, would close about 11 A. M., an hour so curly that the day’s business is scarcely commenced. Correspondence therefore can only refer to the transactions of the day before, and thus a business day is lost at our end of the line. But trace it further, and, we find that the mail departing at such an undesirable hour, must reach Cincinnati and St. Louis at hours still worse, making a loss at that end also. For example, a letter advising of Monday’s trans actions, will he written at 9 or 10 A.M. on Tuesday—leavo about 1 on tlint day—reach Cin cinnati late on Wednesday afternoon, and bo read onThursdaymorning. The same drawbacks would attend letters sent by that line from Phi ladelphia to St. Louis, as they would arrive at tlie latter city at so late an hour on Thursday, that very few indeed would bo delivered until Friday. It requires but a glance to sec that this would bo advancing “ like acrab.” Tlie right time of depariure for a great mail train is after the tnttineas of the day is done, and the precibc hour should be regulated by tho time at which it is desirable to have the mail arrive of its destination. Mail time docs not always begin and end at the time of departure and arrival of the train. It commences Tather at tho close of the day to which tho correspondence relates, and terminates at tiio business hour when the letter is first read. Changes that are not gov erned by those considerations will run great risk of failure. Indocd, unless tlie running time of the mail trains between Philadelphia, Cincinnati and St. Louis is greatly increased in speed, our merchants and people had better “ let well enough alone.” At present, a letter from Philadelphia to Cincinnati, detailing all tho transactions of Monday, is delivered in Cincinnati in time for action on Wednesday morning. It loaves our city after business is over, and reaches the other just before it be gins. The same advantages are now given to letters between Philadelphia and St. Louis. By direction of Postmaster Westcott, the mails to St. Louis now take a route which in sures them a,degree .of dispatch that the pro posed arrangement tan, scarcely improve, and may damage, very ~much. The mall to St. Louis which closes,hero at 9, P. M. to-day, is delivered in the - counting-houses of St. Louis early on Thursdaymorninss-losing no business hdurs at either end of ttie'iliii,. It departs at a convenient hour, ahs' ariweß tit destination a the hour of greatest'advahtagOj this, as wo have hlroadj 7 remarked; !q tlie true' standard by .whital’to judge all proposed 'changes of the mails. .’Will’/sopie ofl'ourv Cincinnati and St. Loti is houses favor us frith their views ? THE PRESS.—PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, AUGUST 3, 1857. STATE POLITICS: We give below tho'recent correspondence on the subject oi' introducing into thia State a new system of conductings campaigns* and invite attention to the reasons given by the State Committee for rejecting it. The pro posed innovation is repudiated with boldness and distinctness. The Committee truly assert that the Demo cratic party of ourStafce has never formally ap proved the bystem of campaigning before mass meetings by Executive candidates. The ad dresses of Governor Bioler, in 185I>wcrQ in duced by the course of the opposing candi date, and were made with a protest by him against the propriety of the practice upon original grounds. ll' this wero a campaign like that of last year,when the public mind was greatly oxcited, and when National issues were involved, or if the same necessities existed that made the con tests of 1851 and 1854 so memorable, the case would bo very different. Now, however, we are at peace among ourselves. The Demo crats and old-line Whigs, and all conservative men, rally around Genera! Paokkh, as tho leader oftho Constitutional party of our State; and nothing could result from the meeting of the candidates in this campaign but a revival of animosities, by which no one would be benefited but the man and the men whoso only hope in politics is to keep alive the un happy dissensions growing out of the slavery question: GENERAL ( PACKER TO THE DEMOCRATIC STATE Hok. C. R. Buckalew, Chairman of State Com mittee —Dear Sir: I have rcoeived tho enclosed let* ter from ono of tho opposing candidates for the Gu bernatorial office, and inasmuch as it proposes a plan for the conduct of the campaign which has never bofore been praotised in Pennsylvania, and as tho success of other candidates, besides myself, is involved in the election, I have thought it my duty to submit the communication to tho judgment of the State Committee representing the Democratic Sarty. If it is thought to bo a proper mode of con ueting tho canvass, I shall cheerfully aceedo to the proposition. Respectfully yours, IVM. F. PACKER. RErLY OP THE CHAIRMAN OP THE STATE COMMITTEE. Philadelphia, July 25th, 1857. llon. Wm. F. Packer— Dear Sir: I before the State Committee the letter signed I). Wilmot, dated tho 14th instant, and am authorized to say to you that in tho opinion of the Committee you ought not to aocedo to tho proposition it con tains. Tho reasons for this opinion I will proceed briefly to state. Tho slavery question, which it is probable your opponent proposes to cHbouss, has vory recently been thoroughly considered and passed upon by the people ofthis Commonwealth. The late Presi dential canvass involved the whole aubjeot bo far as it was propor for consideration by our people, and wo can perceive no utility in its re-discussion at this time; nor any other good ronson for re-opon ing dobato upon it. The position of our party is well understood, and requires uo vindication by any oxtrnordiuury proceeding liko 'that proposed. A joint canvass by candidates for the Guberna torial office has never bconoonduoted in this State, ! nor, I believe, in any other Northern ono, and may woll bo questioned on grounds of publio policy. If tho practico bo once adopted, it will doubtless continue, and party nominations be uniformly made with roforenco to it. No party will venture to select n oandidato for this office who is not quali fied for the stump; and aptitude for dobato will henoo come to be preferred to administrative abili ty. In short, the result will be to confino nomi nations to tbo clugs of talkers, and to exclude all othors. A rulo of party notion which would pre vent such men as Benjamin Franklin, Simon Sny der and Francis R. Skunk from filling the Execu tive chair of this State, must be a bad one, and do sorves to be donounoed rather than adopted. Wo believe there is a considerable publio opinion against tho propriety of oxecutivo candidates ap pearing at nil beforo popular meetings to solloit votes. This was first practised by, Win- F. Jojini ton in 1848, and has been to somo oxtout followed, by candiUtcß since. The good results of it are no? 'ob’vio'us. It did not Orlginuto with the Domooratic party, nor has it over received any formal popular or party sanotion. It may thoroforo ho considered an open quostion in future pruotico, and at all events as terming no part of the duty of a candi date imposed upon him by his nomination. Whiio your opponent bolds the office of Presi dent Judgo, there is a special objection to the ac ceptance of his project. The nroproty of law judges taking part in the political mcotings is de nied by our party, aud ia opposed by sound publio opinion. By no not whatever ought we to sanotion or bccomo participants in a prostitution of tho ju dicial ohaructor. Nor will a resignation now tnude altogether remove this objection. Your opponent baa intontionally held his office until within throe months of tbo oleotion, (rendering it impossiblo to cleot a successor tbo present yoar.) and If a resig nation should now tuka place, it would obviously be with tho intention of resuming tho qffice after defoat for the post to whioh he aspires. The proposed mode of conducting campaigns may possibly bo suited to some of tho Southern and South-western States, whore it has been practiced, and whero population and political conditions differ from ours; but its introduction hero would be against solid objections, and without any conceivable good. It is, a proposod “ southern aggression ” upon tho practices and polievof parties in Pennsyl vania, whioh cannot bo at all accepted or permitted. It is well that thia question has arisen when we have a candidate capable and fit for any discussion beforo tho peoplo, and -when tho decision can bo placed, without embarrassment, upon tho publio l grounds which control it. . ■ I am very rcspeotfully, your obod’t servant, . C. R. BUCKALEW, Chairman. GEN. PACKER TO JUDGE WILMOT. Hon. D. Wilmot.— Dear Str:— Your letter of tho .14th inst, was duly received; and as it pro posed fa plan for conducting the Gubernatorial Campaign which had never hitherto been adopted in Pennsylvania, and us the interests of other can didates wero involved m the result, I did not feel at liberty to accede to your proposition without first consulting tho St&to Committee to whioh the Democratic Convention has on its part speoialiy confided the control and management of tho Canvass. You will receive horowith a copy of my letter to tho Committee, us also their reply, by which you will perceive that your suggestion docs not meet their approval, and that, for reasons atatod at length, I ought not to occcde to your proposition. It is therefore respectfully declined. I um, yoius, fruly, WM. F. PACKER. Saunders advertised his West Philadelphia Institute in Saturday’s « Press.” Having a son under the Professor’s charge for nearly a year past, we can speak of his school as eminently worthy of patronage. TELEGRAPHIC. [Special Dispatch to “ Tbe Press.”] tt Tub Press” reached hero on Saturday evening two hours in advance of the Herald and other papers. It was anxiously looked for, and has created, a most favora ble impression. [Special Dispatch to “ The Press.”] Hon. James Guthrie, ex-Secretary of the Treasury, is in town—having been detained in New York three weeks by illness, and Is now on his way to the White Sulphur Springs, Virginia, to recruit his health. The) . Expedition—The Expedi tion Opposed by' the Indians—^Operation* Temporarily Suspended. St. Pauls, via Duduqub, August I.—Colonel Noble, tbe Superintendent of tho Wagon Road ou the South Pass route, is now in this city. He reports that the expe dition haa been temporarily suspended; tbe encampment west of the Big Sioux river, having been broken up on. 18th ult., on account of its further progress being vio' Icntiy opposed by tlio Yankton Indlaus, aud the Big Wood, about eighty miles west of Fort Rldgoly. The objection rulsed by tho Yanktons was, that Col. Noble’s party, in crossing their country, would frighten away the buffalo, thoic solo means of subsist once. Col. Noble, before leaving tho Indians, appointed the 20th of August to hold a counoil, for the purpose of treating with them, wheu he will immediately cross the country Should tho negotiations fall, it Is his inten tion to proceeJ with the duties assigned him, despito all hostilities. Thu title of National wars is not alono coulliunl to Europe and Asia; wo have had indications of its riso and turn in this direction before, but tho late news from Spain and Mexico forces upon us tho conviction that it swells and begins to surge with angry voice upon out own hliores. Tho illusions of peace created by the for mer favorable reports trom'Spain are dispelled. And the reality is not to be disguised. The delay of actual hostili ties has been only in accordance with proverbial Spanish management of her firm determination to press her de mands to their satisfaction, or her defeat, upon Moxico we are not left to doubt. Mexico ne\ or refused to yield full Indemnity to the Injured subjects of Spain, yet she will rigidly adhere to her present position, Commifort is re-elected President of tho Itepublic, and orders have gone forth through ail of its confederated States, lor tlie arming and organization of tho National Guard. Vor many years there has not been such a unity aud fixed ness of purpose In her eitizons ns there is now to resist tho encroachments of Spain, and Spain musters her forces boon to rendezvous at Cuba, whence, if at all, tiio storm of war. will burst upou oar Ulster Itepublic, It will bo noil for Spain to yield to the present de mand oi Moxico. and to recoive her ambassador now in Pa'is, that negotiations may go on for a peaceful settle ment of all ponding difficulties. She has everything to loso mid nothing to gain by a conflict: As hoou as it commences our Goternuient will be involved So may Great IJritun in behalf of her holders of Mexican bonds; at least sho will try to be mixed up in tho difficulty. Our Government has looked on with great concern, and her anxiety has displayed itself more than onco in way of re proofto our Minister at Madrid for his dilatoriuess in supplying early and abundant Information of the affair as it progressed. Intimations indeed are rife hero that we muy shortly expect the appointment of his Fuccossion and of a man, who with a knowledge of tho languago and people and politics of the couutry, will be better able to subservo our interests. Neither Spain nor Mexico aro blessed with overflow ing treasuries; their resources financially are meagre and cramped. To raise funds for tho prosecution of tho war. may not Mexico, though now opposed to it, be willing to sell Lower California for a talr price? She will issue letters of morquo and reprisal, for it is potent bv tho recent discussions in the British Parliament and the action of the present Administration of the United States, that privateering is not to bo done away with. These letters will eagerly be Relzod by the thou sands of adventurers in America with longing eyes for the rich spoils of Cuba. Nor will those gallant men who suffored with Crittenden at Cardenas, and their friends ho backward in revenging the outrages perpe trated on them. It may bo, too, with all these conside rations that Spain will, coutrary to her traditional policy, enter with some earnestness into measures for annexation of the “Queen of the Antilles” to our do main, The questions in disputo between the United States and Venezuela; will be taken up by the State Depart* meat as soon as the New Grenadian matter has been disposed of, which it is expected will ho in a day or two. . Tbe Old Line Whigs of Maryland, whoso ponsorvatism and' liberal politics would ndt allow them to swell the rafaks of rampant and fanatical proseriptio n of men km! fellow-citizens for religious belief, still stand squarely COMMITTEE. William spout, July 18,1857 Williamsport, Pa., July 27, 1857, Wasbjsqton, Aug. 2. WABUI.VGTOS, Aug. 2. Washington, August 2d, 1857. upon the Democratic platform, where they threw them* selves in the hoar of peril, as the only arc of our na tional safety. lion. Thomas F. Bowio, of the adjoining Congressional districts Maryland, sent to Conven tion which nominated him for re-emotion, a letter that haa the ring of true metal HQ says r“ I shall regard that man as faithless to the .best Interest* of tho coun try who would attempt to deatrpy Aho union of an organ ization (tfia Democratic) on tho euccesa of ■which. In my judgment, depends the constitutional right* of evory State in the Union, and of every citizen ot our common It i/a source of sorrow to the friends of lion. Thos. L. Harris, Representative in the Congress from the Springfield District of Illinois, that ho now lies danger ously M. His loss would he great to lnfl party in Con gress* nudjn the country. None stood up more braytdy ..against Kuow-Notliinglsm .Republicanism. Ilia clear argument aud keen, trenchant sarcasm aro celebrated. a. x. Non-Receipt of European News. St. John, August2~ Morning.— The news-bag of the Associated Pivsb, which expected here from the steamer Persia, via Cape Bar*, has not yet been re ceived. The bag will contain one week later news, and will be sent ashore at Capo Race, if tho weather per mits, thus anticipating the arrival of tU'i steamer at New York, by some days. New York, August 2—Etvimig.—There Is no circuit east of Portland to-night, and the lines of the New foundland and American Company’s are, Consequently, closed this evening. Ship News. New York, August 2.—Arrived—Brigs Washington, from Matanzas, and Mathew, from Bermuda; barque George, from St. Petersburg. Additional Mai’s between Liverpool and St. Halifax, August I.—Private advices from England state that the home government have guaranteed £3OOO per annum, in addition to the £7OOO given by the Pro vince, to aid in the establishment of a direct steam com munication between England and St John, N. F. It is contemplated to run a steamer every fortnight, by ar rangement with tho North Atlantic Steamship Company, thus giving, with the addition of the Cunard steamers, & mall from Liverpool every week. Baltimore, August I.—The Flour market is dull, sales of Howard street at $7.75, Ohio at 77.60, and City Mills at 57.25. Wheat and Corn are steady. Whiskey 20®30^c. Fire at St. Louie—Five Persons Buried by Fall ing Walls. St. I.ouib, July 31—The scale and safe factory of Messrs. Beard it Brother, was burned last night, causing a loss of about $20,000. The front wall, third and fourth stories of Monks Jt Ghias 1 liquor store, fell yesterday, buryiug five persons in tho ruins; two of whom, Christopher Ohio and Jackson, will probably die from tho effects of the inju i (es received. . markets by Telegraph. •lw OrlraSs, July 31.—Tho sales of Cotton to-day jfr-900 bales at cents for Middling; the mar- A closing firm. The sales of the week are estimated at 4300 bales, and the receipts at 600 balos. Tho stock on hand amounts to 12,250 bales. The receipts thus far less than last year, at this port, are 248,000 bales, and at all Southern ports 681,000. The sales of Coffoe during the week wero only 690 bags; Rio quoting at 10#®11 cents, prime at 11V cents. The stock iu port, including that at quarantine, amounts to 118,000 bags. Mixed Corn setts at 75&80 cents ; Mess Pork at $24 00; thcro being 12,500 bbls. in port. Sates of Shoulders, at 11 cents; Mesa at 13)£ cents. Freights on Cotton to Liverpool are quoted at 7-16 d. Sterling exchange at 10 4P cent, premium. From Washington. Washington, Aug. 1. Charlos Lauman, tho well known writer, has been appointed to a confidential position In the Department of the Interior, by Secre tary Thompson, similar to that held by Bfr. Lauman in the State Department under Webßter. The Postmaster visited Baltimore this morning. Heavy Rains in Georgia. Augusta, August 2. —The country from Macon to Montgomery, was deluged with heavy rains on Friday last, Hooding rivers, destroying bridges, injuring em bankments, damaging the crops, and stopping railroad trains. It is feared the rains will continue daily throughout tho South. Shipwreck near New Foundland—Fifty Swe dish Emigrants Browned. Sr. Johns, N. F., Aug. I.—The barque Monasca, from Gotteuburg, bound to New York, was wrecked off New Fouqdland ou the 2lst of July. Fifty Swedish passen gers perished, the crew and only six of the passengers being saved. CORRESPONDENCE. FROM WASHINGTON. [Correspondence of Tho Press.] Washington, July 31, 1857. Our neighboring South American States and con federacies do not look upon the UnitedStatos with the jealousy and prejudice that have heretofore characterized their intercourse with us. Events of comparatively recent occurronee bavo opened their oyos to their real advantages, and' to tho snares in which they had been ontanglcd by their own prejudices and the suggestions of foes to their .and our own interests. This desirable result has been achieved maiuly by tho lenient and in dulgent bearing of our government. "When fla grant outrages had been committed upon our citi zens in theirpersons und their property, we neither hootorednor punished without explanation. Wo , calmly stated our rightawith a resolve to maintain ■md protect them. We were strong and they were freak, am} we uould afford to bo generous. Na tionalities were allowed ta exist, .which, if English precedent had keen followed, would have been s *bsorbed by us. Now Granada, appreciating this liberality on our part, now comes frankly forward and avows a sincere) willingness to adjust the difficulties between the twogoverrmenla. Tt has conferred upon her President, and he upon bis agent, full powers of negotiation; and tho questions in dispute arc progressing steadily to an amicable settlement. - Ti|o act of the Congrcsa of New Granada of tho 10th of Juue refers to a treuty. There mayor luaynotko u treaty; tho probability ia that there will bo one. Our government mado a demand on the govornmont of New Granada for indemnity for the outrages committed at Panama on tho 15th of April, 1856. Thig claim is as yet unrecoguizcd by General Herran. If he and tho Secretary of State •greo on this point, one of tho great obstructions to a renewal of our former friendly relations will have boon removed. Bqt there aro other matters involved whioh af fect us commercially. New Granada haa imposed upon tho travol and trade passing from tho g.eat Pacific coast to the Atlantic scuboard of this Union onorous restrictions. Our worthy Secrotary of Stato may insist that wo be rolioved of these to a great oxtent, and break ground for tho orection of it new troaty, with full and sufficient guaranties for the future. Tho late news from that Republic and the representations made hero by the New Granada agents lead us to believe that sho will at least exhibit u hearty spirit of accommodation toward our Government and its people. Tho War Department have nothing later from too Sioux country than tho despatch of Cap tain Abercrombie,' of the 25th of July, whioh stated that tho Indians had conceded tho do hiands of the govornmont. Confidence is roposed In that dispatch by tho Interior as well as by tho War Department, notwithstanding tho dispatch of Iho agent for tlio Aawoiatcd Press, at Dubuque, on tho 20th inst., that tho war was still impending, for tho reason that tho authorities here would kuvo bee* telegraphed if any chauge had taken place of tho kind indicated. ' Instructions had been issued to the Superin tendent of Indian Affairs for Minnesota Territory, not to pay tho Indian annuities until tho mur derers of the whites at Spirit Lake had been do livored up. This fact was made publio by Mr. Superintendent Cullen, at Yellow Medicine River onoy, whero wero gathered some 5000 Sioux, Ji ono hundred lodges of Yanktons, who had no tolie thcro. Tho Indians declined to go in >carch of the murderers unless a larger military force than could bo had at tho tirno was sont with them—there being, as they alleged, bo many of tho friends and relatives of Ink*pa-du-tah’s band in tbe vicinity. , Cullen instantly started off' an ox with nows of tho atatq of affairs to tho De partment. General Denver, tho Commissioner of Indian Affairs, knew Indian character too well to yield. The instructions of tho Department wero insisted on—troops to tho numbor of 1000, of in fuotry, artillory and dragoons, wero ordored by tho Secretary of War to tho soeno of threatened fcostilites. These prompt, dooidod and efficient fcoasures of tho respeotivo departments have saved, us from & serious Indian war. The weekly return of the Treasurer of the United State* for the week ending July 27tb, shows that thore Is in the Treasury, subject to draft, $18,489- 894.38. Tho amount of receipts for the week aro $2,059,805.01, and draftsissuod, $2,170,086.19. LETTER FROM BEDFORD SPRINGS. [Correspondence of The Press.] Bedford Sfrikos, July 31,1857 Bedford Springs have boon a fumous retreat for half a century. The waters have tho highest re futation, and aro unrivalled for their curutivo properties in tho varied disousos of tho digestive organs. The spot is ono of tho most beautiful in Pennsylvania. The valloy is narrow, tho sur rounding mountains commanding, the scenery ro mantic, and the temperature, in summer, always ciomfortnblp. And the company who annually as semble here have generally l>c on highly intelli gent, refined and cultivated. ' Tho Springs, until lust year, were owned by a private individual; but within that time they have been purchased by a large and wealthy company, comprising many leading Pennsylvanians. The property consists of seventeen hundred acres of land; much of it o cared and under cultivation, the buildings and appurtenances, and various Mineral springs found in this locality. The price paid was $200,000. The company organised under a charter grunted in 1856, and at once began the great improvements which have quite transformed the place- Tho plan upon whioh the improvements have been projected is of the most liboral charac ter; and that it will bo pursued to completion, none can doubt who know tho enterprise, liberality and publio spirit of the stockholders. Among them I find such gontlemen as Mossrs. L. T. Wattson, of tho Broad Top Railroad, J. Edgar Thomson, of tho Pennsylvania Railroad, S. Morris Wain, G. G. Josiah Bacon, Wm. Woodnut, Newbold, Soq & Aetson, B. W. Tingley & Co., David, Had* Mook, S. J. .Christian, Caleb Cope, J. W. Paul, Charles Macalester, ami John McCanles, of Phila dclphia; John 11. Shoenberger and F. R. Brunot, of Pittsburg; George Shoonborger, of Cincinnati; und many othor well knowu names. Cul 1\ Gosa lor, the efficient President of tho company, has general charge of the establishment, and hag rigorously discharged tho multifarious duties which have dovolvod upon him. Tho improvements already made are these: A new and elegant hotel has been creoted, which will Hcooimuoduto ono hundred porsous, and is an admi rable specimen of architecture. The lands in tho vicinity of tho buildingshave boon thoroughly “un der drained”—much of the dampness “f mountain retreats lioing thus happily prevented. The walks and roads in the vioinity have been ropaired, and materially improved. New bridges have been thrown over the little stream which skirts the val ley. A largo bath-house has been built. The lawn has been handsomely laid out, and a fountain placed immediately in front of the main building. Interiorly equal changes have been effected- An admirable superintendent— Mr. ED. Willard— has been employed, and bo is assisted by com petent subordinates. Excellent servants are in every department. New furniture has been placed in most of the hotels, and the table is utmost beyond the least exception. The utmost regularity and order prevail throughout the whole establish ment, as a completo system has been generally intro duced And those who have been used to “ home comforts” have little causo for dissatisfaction, when exchanging them for those here offered. By next season, another largo hotel will be erected, and a second bath-house, designed exclusively for gentleman. Sundry new wnlk9 and drives will be made. Gas, it is said, will bo introduced. And many improvements, designed by the rural archi tect employed by the company, will contribute to he attractions of tho spot. Tho Springs aro now comparatively easy of ae cess—either by Cumberland or Hopewell. The . Broad Top Railroad, ending at the latter point, is within nineteen miles of this, and good stagoa carry passengers without fatigue or discomfort. Tho best plan for Philadelphia passengers is to spend tho night at Huntingdon, and thus divide ■ tho distance and tho fatiguo. Thoso who took this route havo been gratified with the ride, which is through a romantic and interesting Coal country, now in process of development. There are now betwoen 400 and 500 visitors at the Springs. The season is highly successful, and tho proprietors cannot fail to be'encouraged to renewed outlay. Philndolohia is’ largely repre sented, moro largely than in any previous summer. The variety of tho minoral waters hero furnished, tho agrcoable company, the admirable accommo dations, all combine to rn&ko this a most desirable retreat; and it is hoped that the enterprise now inaugurated will be permanently successful through the liberal patronage of an appreciating public. President Buobanan arrived horo on Thursday, coming by way of tho Cumberland Turnpike. He was accompanied by hie nieoo, Miss Lane, and reached here in a private carriage. Ho is looking remarkably woll and contented. Ho loft Wash ington on Wednesday morning, and remained at Cumberland ovor night. It is extraordinary that aftor having pussed through tho most sovere and trying stages of tho National Hotel diseaso, and tho hundred thousand annoyances to which ho has been subjected, ho should enjoy such excellent health. Tho waters of Bedford, which have been horotoforo hjs great panacea, will no doubt be most beneficial to him now Mr. Buchanan pur poses remaining some ton days. Asyot ho has not had a singlo office hunter in search of him, but no doubt to-morrow will bring any number. He has a great aversion to display and notoriety, and would like to onjoy himself with Gen. Bowman, Major W atson, Job Mann, and other old friends, if this could be so, but power and patronage will pursue him even to this qnict rotreut. THE CITY. The Prize Fight. —Tho beauty of uncer tainty was well illustrated on Saturday afternoon and night, and yesterday. Dominick Bradley and S. S. Rankin had gone ont to’fight—away np to Canada; and nobody could find out how tho fight was “fit.” All kinds of rumors wore circulated; and despatches wore manufactured in splendid va riety. Now the report was, that Bradley was boaten—then it was certain that Dominick was victor on Canada’s Northern plain. A crowd gathered abont Third and Chestnut streets, which was worth seeing, a portiion of which looked as if it had been fighting all its life, except when drinking. A dispatch gained currency that the fight had lasted un hour and eleven minutes; that forty-two rounds were fought, during which Bradley was de feated, after having his jaw broken. Another had the fight over in twenty minutes, and half as many rounds, during which Rankin was dialed, after having an eye knooked out. There wero hundreds of other rumors, but they were all about equally reliable. The houso of Rankin, and also that of Bradley, were crowded by eager throngs of their friends* all anxious to hour tho nows. The friends of each olaimed the victory for thoir favorite. IVe hoar during Saturday morning, it was stated that a despatch was received from one of the friends of Rankin, urging tho necessity of imme diately raising one hundred and thirty dollars to meet some contingent expense. In Now York the oxoitoment also ran high. Tho following despatches wore- received on Sa turday ovening; Buffalo, August 1—845, P. M. Tho city has been in u ferment all day Three steamers, crowded with passengers, have went ovor, tbit) morning, to tho Canada sido, to witness the prize fight between Bradley and Rankin. It was reported in tho streets, a few minutes ago, that Bradley hud won the fight. I have'umde the most diligent inquiry, and find that no porson has as yet returned fiom tho Canada sido who knows any thing nbout tho affair. Tho sporting men here think that llunkin will be tho champion. ’ At eleven o’clock another despatch, os follows: Buffalo, August I—lo-50, P. M. Nono of the fighting parties have yet returned from Canada, and thoro is no prospect of heariug of tho result to-night. Considerable feeling pre vails hero in regard to the termination of the af fair, and t particular attention is paid among the fancy to putting down whiskey. Good night In order to give an .idea of tho arrangements for this pugilistic affair, we give the Articles of Agreement, entorod ’ into on ■ the 18th duv of May, 1857, between Dominick Bradley and Samuel S. Rankin: “Tho said D. Bradley agrees to fight the said S. S. Rankin a fair stand-up fight, according to the new rules of tho London Ring, us published and acknowledged by the Pugilistic Association, by whioh the said D. Bradioy and S. S. Rankin here by mutually agroo to bo bound. ‘ The said fight to bo for tho sum of $l,OOO a sido, and ahull tuko place on tht Ist day of August, 1857, in Canada. Tho said D. Bradley and S. S. Rankin aro to moot on tho 27th July, or their represents ttves, and toss for ohoico of plnoo to meet at, on the morning of the Ist of August; the said meeting to take place on tho morning of the Ist of August, between 7 and 10, A. M., and the men to be In tho ring between tho hours of 12 and 3, P. M. The said, meeting for choice of place of meeting to bo at Thomas Elliott’s, Front street, abovo Dock, Phi ladelphia.” The said D. Bradioy hereby agrees to fight at tho weight of 190 lbs., which weight is to bo decided on tho morning' of tho 30th July, at 9 A. M-? at Messrs. Davis & Co’s paper warehouse, Cartor’s Alloy, and also at P. E. Fogan’s, cornorof Eighth and Bedford streets; and providing that tho par ties do not ugreo on tho justice of tho scales, thoy aro to toss for a third place of weighing, whioh is to bo final; and if D. Bradley weighs more than 190 pounds, on the 30th day of July, at the final weighing, ho forfoits the wholo ainountdown. Tho ptaco of meeting ou the Ist of August to bo named at Mr. Elliott’s on tho 27th July, after tho final deposit. Either party failing to 6c at tho place, or bey'ond tho hour named, to forfoit tho amount down, oxcept in case of magisterial interference, if not by collusion with tho party apprehended; and should either party bo apprehended previous to the fight, tho following uamed uiuniros bo au thorized to mutually agree to name tlio place and time of fighting. The said umpires are, on the part of D. Bradley, Wm. MeMullin; and on the part of S. S. Rankin, F. H. O. Brotherton; thoy agreeing to nunio a day within threo days of tho Ist of August, or to woigh ugaiu, allowing the same number of hours according to the first weigh ing. or tho stakeholder, Mr. Elliott, to name the day, am| time,, and place of meeting, should the said umpires ho unablo to agree according to afore said provision. In pursuanuo of tho aforesaid agreement, tho D. Bradley ami fc>. S. Rankin here put up $l2O a side, iu tho bauds of Wm.’ McMullin, wno shall transmit the samo into the hands of Mr. Thomas Elliott, who is to bo the final stakeholder, within twenty-four hours after rocoiving it. Tho said agreomont to rulo each and every deposit, to bo made at tho following houses, between the hours of 8 and 10 P. M., viz : Tho socond deposit $BO a side, to bo inudo at Henry MoDonuitt’a, at ihe cor ner of Shipnou street and Shippou lane, on the 23th day of May; tho third deposit of $BO aside on tho Ist of Juuu, at Jamos McDonough’s, Sixth, below Shippcn; tho fourtli deposit of $BO a side, on tho Bth of Juno, at Robert MoMenomey’s, cor-t uer of Eleventh und Shippen; the fifth, $BO a side, at Wm. McMullins. Eighth streot, below South, on the 15th of Juno; the sixth, of SBO a side, atS. S. Rankin’s, corner of Broad and Rose streets, on the 22d of June; tho sevouth, $9O a side, at D. Brad ley’s, corner of South and Penn, on tho 29th June; tho eighth, of $BO a side, at Henry Bunting’s. South stroot. below Broad, on the fithjuly; tho ninth, $BO a side, at Ben MoKcon’s, South street, above Second, on the 20th July; tho oloventh and last deposit of $l6O a side, at S. S. Rankin’s, cor* nerof Broad und Ro bo. .That human beings livo and d>° in B hurry, just now, is a fact that need not he mentioned, but still, until very recently, gomp reapoct was shown while tho inanimate remains wore above the ground. _ Undertakers, however, and hearse-dri vers, have caught the infection of the time, and are rushing on with the full speed of this locomo tive age. A few days since, an undertaker of this criy despatched ten funerals in a few hours—with what regard to the due observances of the solemn occasion, may be Imagined. We have hoard of a caso where two funeral trains approached the Odd bellows’ Cemetery, on Islington lane, at the same time. Such an opportunity for enterprising com petition could not of course be neglected, and when the drivers of the hearses saw each other, they put whips to their horses in a race for the first entrance through the gateway. The horses dashed forward at a rapid pace, and the coffin in the hearse that entered first, was almost thrown upon the ground. Such proceedings are shameful. What ever else la forgotten in the rush of the busy life around, let the mournful rites which pertain to tho dead bo more duly honored and observed. A Foundling.—b.t an early hour on Satur day morning, a newly born female child was found wrapped up in apiece of muslin, at Thirteenth and George streets. A lady named Mrs. Murgatroyed kindly took charge of the child temporarily, and i was afterwards sent to the Blockloy Almshouse. Tribute of Respect. —A salute of fifteen guns was fired at the Navy Yard at noon on Saturday, in respect to tho memory of the late Commodore John, T. Newton, who died at Washington, on Tuesday, the 28th ult. The Journeymen Printers. —One of tho best excursions of the season, that of tho Journeymen Printers of this city, will take place on Saturday, August 15th, to Florence Heights. The steamer W. WhiUdinhas been chattered for the occasion, and will leave Chestnut street wharf at a quarter after two o’clock precisely. The proceeds are for the benefit of the widows and orphans of deceased printers, and we trust that they may have all the success they so deservedly merit. Parade of the United American Mechanics. — The United American Mechanics of this cky have determined upon having a grand parade of the Order upon the occasion of the dedication of their Hull, at Third and George streets. No definite time has yet been fixed for the demonstration, but it is understood that it will take place in the fall. The Saranac. —The packet ship Saranac sailed for Liverpool on Saturday morning. She took out eighty-three pa33engers, and a large cargo of produce. Alleged Fraud. —Before Aid. Ogle of the Eighth Ward, on Saturday, John Banff was charged, on tho oath of Henry Mayer, with “ hav ing obtained goods to the value of $450, or therea bouts, by falsity, pretending, that a certain store in Reading, Pennsylvania, was his, when he well know the said pretense to be false and untrue, and the said store was not his.” The accused also represented that he was the owner of another store in Philadelphia, but upon subsequent inquiry, this representation proved unfounded, an assignment having been made, and the store in Reading sold to his (Banff’s) brother. The debts of the accused wero said to be $6,000 while his assets were put down at $14,000. Both parties in the case are of Jewish persuasion, and from the nature of faots, as developed, it will no doubt prove of more than or-1 dinary interest when before the court and jury, nanff was committed in default of $6,000 bail to answer. Firemen*a Matters . — The Franklin Engine Company, located in Catharine street, above Third, will house their new and beautiful appa ratus, about the 25th of the present month. It will bo painted red, and the Company will take a prominent part in the parade on the Bth of October next. They will appear in entire new equipments, which, like their apparatus, will also be red. The members of the Diligent Engine Company have provided themselves with a very pretty badge, madoof solid silver, and formed in the shape of the letter “D.” On the back part, are the initials of each member’s name. We aro informed that the Delaware Fire Com pany of Trenton intend visiting Philadelphia on tho Bth of October, on the occasion of the grand parade of the firemen of our city. The Company is a most excellent one, and their engine one of peculiar and powerful construction. During the month of July there were twenty eight alarms of fire in the following districts: First ... 2 Sixth ... 2 Second . . .6 Seventh . . .4 Third ... 8 Fourth . . .5 Total . . . 2S Fifth ... 1 Upon nine occasions the State House bell was struck, and there was but one general alarm given. The property damaged or destroyed was as follows Carpenter shops, 3; chimnoys, 1; stables, 4; church. 1; barn, I; pot tery, 1; slaughter-houses, 2; factories, 3; stores, 3; haystacks, 2; bake-house,!; hotel,!. The exact amount of danlage by these dUtarebt fires it is difficult to ascertain. We believe, ever, that it is about $15,000, on which there is an insurance io the amount of $7425. WEST CHESTER. Homicide. —A case of homicide occurred, in this county on Saturday myning, concerning which various reports are afloat, bat the principal facts are briefly as follows: About day-break on Saturday morning, Mr. Wm. Lynch, constable of Chester, and his assistant, Mr. C. M. Lay man, went, at the instance of the District Attor ney, to the house of Wm. Baugh, of WestPikeland, soma ten miles north of LionviUe, for the purpose of arresting him on a warrant for an assault and battery with intent to kill, he having, a few days ago, driven off a constable of the neighborhood, who visited his premises on a like errand. They found him at his wood-pile splitting wood, and having approached within a few feet of him, in formed him of the object of their call—Layman being somewhat in advance of his colleague. He at once raised the axe, and swore he would kill the first man that offered to.lay hands on him. Layman, looking him in tho eye, and at the same timq reaching back his hand towards Lynch for a pistol, pleasantly remarked to him, “You would not kill a man, would you?” The word 9 had scarcoly boon uttered when Baugh made a stroke at him with the axe. Layman threw his head to one side, and the edge of the weapon entered downwards between the shoulder and neck, close up to the lattorj making a deep and serious wound. Lay man immediately fired tho pistol, the ball of which merely grazed Baugh’s shoulder, and Layman and Lynch both rushed upon him, and after a struggle of a few minutes succeeded in putting handcuffs upon him. Thoy then placed him into their wagon and started for West Chester, Layman bleeding very much from his wound. After thoy had gone about a mile, Layman said to Lynch, “ Bill, yon must tuko caro of yourself, I feel weak and faint and can’t hold out much longer.” Baugh, who was & stout, rosoluto, reckless man, thereupon sprang upon Lynch, who is not physically robust, but of good pluck, and, notwithstand ing ho was handcuffed, almost succeeded, by advantages gained by the suddenness of his move ment, in wrestiug the pistol from Lynch and eject ing him from tho wagon—Layman being too weak from loss of blood to render effective aid. Lynch warned Baugh to desist or ho would shoot him; but ho dared him to shoot, and still pressed upon litm. Lynch thon pulled the trigger, and the ball entered Baugh’s head near the eye, when ho ex claimed, “you havo killod me,” and fell over. He died in about an hour. No judicial investiga tionof the affair has yet been had. The general sentiments of the community, lawyers and laymen, appear to be, that tho killing was clearly a case of justifiable homicide. West Chester Direct Rail rood. —There was qui(e a large meeting of Stockholders, Bondhold ers and others interested in the early completion of our direct railroad, held at the Mansion House, Mr. Strickland, in thoChuir, S. Hihberd and Brin ton Jones, Vice Presidents; and J. L. Dalington and Cnpt. Apple, Secretaries. Tho meeting was addressed by Mr. Morris, President of tho Board of Managers, and by John Rutter, Esq., both earnestly pressing on the minds of thoso present tho importance of prompt and efficient action in support of and co-operation with the movement originated at a lute meeting in Philadelphia, of the 10 per cent. Bondholders, for the conversion of these bonds, all overdue coupons, and all common debts, into bonds secured by a now 8 per cent, mortgage, and for the raising of $lOO,OOO in cash, on like bonds, which would certainly complete the road. A good feeling seemed to pervade tbemeet ing, and a general desire was expressed for thesuc cess of the presout effort to gave the road fromsalp, and secure its early completion. The conversions already made amount to about $390,000, and the subscriptions of cash in this aud Delaware counties, to about $23,000. This is a matter in which Phila delphia has some interest, und should manifest and tako more. It is admitted by all acquainted with the country traversed by the road, that it will af ford Philadelphia one of the most delightful out lets known to any city, and that its travel aud tiado, with the Baltimore Central, on which the track is now being laid from the junction, as a feeder, mu9tbe>cry largo and profitable,—much larger than that of the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown road, which, last year, netted more than 8 per cent on $1,600,000. And yet the entire indebtedness of the Weat Cheater direct road, when completed under the proposed arrangement, will bo less than ono million of dollars. It is hoped that the monied business men of Philadelphia, who desire to have pleasant country residences for their families in the summor season, or who would like to reside in tho country the whole year round, and yet attend personally to their business in the city, will turn their attention to this road. If they do, they will see that while a subscription of a few thousand dollars, under the new mortgage, will save the road and secure to them great oonntry advantages, it will at the same time be a perfectl y a afe investment. THE MONEY MARKET. . gATtrauiT, August I,P.M. The transactions ifl-slocks were again very limited to d iy, the figure* showing no material change from those of i cbtenlsy. Reading Railroad fell off X • The Bank o! Pennsylvania, to-day, paid out more than oue-half of the whole interest due on the State debt. MARvtixnCoiLßaoios.—The total shipments from the Maryland coal region, for the week ending July 25th, amounted to 14,006 tons. Total since January Ist, 329,772 tons. The action of the Pennsylvania Coal Company in pass ing ita divideud, I'eets with general commendation from the press, and will doubtless soon advance the price of the stock, though it has temporarily tailed. The com pany speaks for itself la a financial statement and report, from which the following is an extract: Owing to the considerable increase io the business of the company requiring additional working capital, and in view of the absorption of a large amount of such capital within the last two or three years, by payments on bonds and mortgages giren upon coal lands at the time of purchase many years since, and on new purchases of such land*, whose value and position with respect to other land 4 owned by the company, rendered their acqui sition indispensable; and for other objects of permanent value, which have increased its assets, and the necessity of retaining the present resources of the company to conduct its largely increased business, without incurring a floating debt for the amount, the Board has come to the conclusion to omit the declaration of a dividend at this time, being convinced that such a course will best serve the permanent interests of the company, and con sequently its stockholders. From the Frankfort ( Kjr.) Commonvialth we learn that the Stockholders of the Lexington and Frankfort Railroad held their annual meeting in Lexington, on the 20th July. It appears from the report of the Direc tors that the' receipts or the Company during the year, from all sources, were $35,807 59; and the expenditure, including interest, $50,095 46; leaving, as net profits for the year. $45,712 18. From these profits there have beentdeetared two dividends of three per cent, each abont two percent, has been appropriated to the sink ing fond, and about two and one-half per cent to the contingent and renewal fund. The President of the La Crosse and Milwaokie Rail road Company advertises that the Stockholders may take $1,000,000 of 8 per cent, bonds, to be issued on the Eastern and part of the Watertown division of the road at 80 per cent.; and that the stock will be received at par tor one-half payment thereof. This will retire $400,000 of the stock, and give $400,000 cash, which, with the rale of $678,000 first mortgage land grant bonds, will makeup $825,000 cash, the sum required to com plete the road to La Crosse. The Long Island Bank. Brooklyn, has declared a semi annual dividend of five per cent., payable on demand; the Home Fire Insurance Company a dividend of twent* per cent.,payable August 5; the St. Nicholas Banka semi-annual dividend of four per cent., payable on tbe 10th of August; the Commercial Bank of Albany a semi annual dividend of five percent., payable August 1. The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad has de clared a dividend of five per cent. The Brooklyn City Railroad-Company a dividend of four per cent., payable August 1. The Peoria and Bureau Valley a dividend of four per cent, payable August 10. fcqThe shipments of coal bj the Huntingdon and Broad Top Railroad and Coal Company, for the week, ending J ufy 30, amounted to 2,662 tons, making for the season 46.378 tons. The coinage at the Mint of the United States during the month of July, was as follows : Pieces. Value. &7,05 l $123416 .1478.000 428.000 .2,100.000 21,000 The deposits during the month amounted to $313.025. of which $173,890 was in gold. $136,235 in silver, ant $2,900 old cents. The denomination of coins on hand at the Hint at the close of batine**, July 31, was as follows: Double Eagles...... Eagles... Half Eagles Quarter Engles Three Dollar Pieces. Dollars Bara Dollars Half Dollars.... Quarter Dollars Dimes Half Dimes.... Three Cents.... Cents... Total amount balance on hand ..$756,324 80 Mr. Russell, Assistant Treasurer, furnishes the an nexed statistics of the Sub-Treasury for July: Balance. July 1,1857 On nccoiint of Cu5t0m5....57,049.182 50 Oo account of Patent Fee*. 5,039 87 On acc’t. ofP. O. Dep’t.... 814,57159 On account of Transfers... 274,000 00 On acc’t. of Miscellaneous. 53,303 54—33.211,097 30 rarxxxrs. 45.745,780 21 480.297 70— 6,206,077 91 Treasury Drafts.. Poat 03ice Drafts. Balance, Jolj 31. ltt'*.*.... By B«l., Cr., Disbursing Accounts 41.660,335 CS By Receipts during the mouth To Payments 2.139,378 £4— 3,619,774 69 1,803,425 32 Balanco By Balance Cr.. Interest Accounts.. To payments Balance By Receipts fur Customs in July, 1557.. By Receipts for Customs in July, 1856.. Increase in July, 1567 .$1,535,758 84 By Balance Cr., Bullion and Eiptnse Ac count for Assay Q?3ee 1,503,599 98 By Coin received in roly $59,342 94 By p iue Bars reeeiv ed daring July, 2,596.630 93- 8,655,973 87 Total $4,159,573 85 To Payments in Coin $181,590 41 To Payment in Fine 8ar5...2,693.125 78— 2,6*4,716 22 Balance B/ C«h» in hand An’t. Tr. ' • - <*4fiet. $»,«8.897 08 Bj Coin in hand in Auay Office 1.039, m $43,000 00 53.300 00 „ 150,600 QO-e5.175,001) 09 Gold Bars Stamped $2,570,649 83 Transmitted to U S. Mint, Philadelphia for coinage *•»>.♦. 7T.22& H The amount on deposit and subject to draft in the serer&l depositaries of the United States, according to the returns received up to the 27th ult., Of this amount, the Philadelphia Mint held $2.580,234; Assay office, h'ew York. $2,344,50}; Branch Mint New Orleans, $2,489,267; Branch Mint, San Francisco, Q,« 500.000; Assistant Treasurer, Sew York, $5,581,061; Assistant Treasurer, Boston. 92,773,913; Assistant Trea surer, Philadelphia, $376,773, and Assistant Treasurer, St. Louis, $816,819. Amount of circulation of notes, of bills discounted ttttd bullion for the last three jeers: Date. Circulation. Bills Dise’tcd. lullion. 1854, January, $127,000,000 80,000,000 5f.000.000 1855, •• 180,600,000 70,000.000 71,000.000 1856, “ 120,000,000 85,000,000 34,000,000 f Coinage of France in each year from 1648 to 356, in clusive, converted into British money at the rxe of 25 francs to the pound sterling. Year. Gold. Silrer. total. 18*6 $BB,OOO 91420,000 1847 300,000 2,760,000 3050,000 1643 1,600,000 4.040,000 56*0,000 1649 1,080,000 7360,000 8440,000 1850 4,600,000 5J20,000 1720,000 1851 9,600,000 2,360,000 11960,000 1852 1.040,000 2,840,000 1880,000 1653 13,200,000 800,C0Q 14.000,900 1854 220,460,000 80,000 21056,000 1855 16,417,928 862,800 1?,280,728 1856 20,334,076 2,158,888 . ii,502,9&* Value of gold and silver imported into and exported from France, from the official returns in wfa ytar. from 1849 t0*1855, Inclusive, converted into British money at the rate of 25 francs to the pound iterliag. ■ Gold— - Silver— —, Year Imported. Exported. Imported. Ikoorted. 1849, £470,000 £224,000 £12.640,000 £1840.000 1850, 2,440,000 1,760,000 6.160,000 SJOO.OOO 1851, 4.600,000 1,200,600 7.120,000 4 000,000 1852, 2.300,000 1,680.000 7.160,000 7,280,000 1853, 1.100.000 4,450,000 9,100,000 1554, 19.200,000 1,560,000 3.960,000 6.520,000 1855, 15,200,000 6,450,000 5,050,000 12 720 000 Philadelphia Markets. SiTDRDiT, August 1, P. M.—Beeswax—ls tarce and has advanced. Sales of TeUow stXs*3ie. Of 'Whalebone—The market is tare, and it fc wanted. Coffee—is held firmly, and 3©400 bags jfto’MM at 11© lb. on time. Cotrox meets a moderate in* inquiry at foil sales. About 200 bales Upland and New Orleans sold at 15 ©l7 J{ ets. lb. The receipts up to the latest dates, at all the ports, give the following results: Decrease—Savannah Charleston Mobile Florida New Orleans.,.. Texas Increase—Virginia North Carolina. Tots! Decrease this season 676611 The foreign exports this season, as compared with last,»ill einibit a decrease. Deckkasb— To Great Britain 530523 ' Tootherforeignports. P 9104 To France 71594 ' Total Decrease. Bhiaustcffs bare undergone no change. Shipping brand'- of Floor are freely offered at $8 Soe6 75 & bb\ wlthont finding buyers; small sales for the supply of the retailers and bakers at $8 75©7 50 for common superfine and grod extras, and $S op tos9 50 forextca family anti fancy. Hye Flour and Com Meal are but little, inquired after. We quote the former at d 75 nd the latter at bbl. The receipts* of new Wheat have somewhat fallen off, but the demand continues limited, and prices are well maintained. Sales of 2100 bus. from $1 60 el 65 & bus for good to prime R ed. and $1 70a $1 75 for White. Bye is unchanged Sales at 93c Corn meets a steady inquiry at 89e90c. aith sal-s of 2200 A bus. yellow at these figures Oats are dull. Sales of prime new Delaware at 48«5Ge.. and old Penna at 53«55c. bus. Freights to foreign ports are very dull. The last en gagement to Liverpool was at the low rate of 12s. fld. ton. California rates are lower, and we quote at 25c. & foot. Coastwise Freights continue steady, with mode rate transactions. Colliers are Yery scarce, and the fol lowing are the going rates from Port Richmond : To Providence, SI 40; Boston SI 65; Norfolk sl*l 10r Biidgepcrt, $1 25; Roxbury fl 87; Alexandria SI; Salemjl TO; Newhuryportsl 80; Braintreesl 88: New York $1 05; Troy $1 25: Laasiugburg $1 40, and 12a 15c. V ton more from Bristol. WEisccr meets a fair Inquiry. Sales of bbla. at 30* 31c , and fchd*. at 29e3Gc. Drudge sell at 28c. TRADE OP CANADA.—The receipts and shipments of agricultural produce at Montreal for the first half year, show, compared with the corresponding period in the years 1856 and 1855, a large increase in parishes Flour and Wheat, and a large oiminiutioa is most other articles. The following table shows the (geeiats aft Montreal from Ist January to 18th July, in the present and the two preceding years: July 18, July 18, July i B| . 1857. 1856. IBds * Ashes bbls 13,296 10,714 »gio Flour, bbls 284,441 220,615 36301* Wheat, bus 616,1 W 402,120 *O% sog Indian corn. bus. ..152,392 807,818 4M V-> Pork, bbls ’ ©•*«*!• Barley, bus W jyu, 2,oei Jr V .$19,820 00 . 24,010 00 . 98465 00 . 5O . 11,781 00 . 28.740 00 . 2.728 65 $378,497 15 .03,264 00 .160,963 00 . 45,0(3 75 .167,452 SO . 9,504 95 569 79 . 109 2a $477,827 65 .$5,480,211 77 •413,691409 07 .$7,485,231 16 .$2,016,349 23 . 701496 94 . 593.980 30 ..$107,416 64 . .7,04948* 50 . .5,510,393 66 ~...$1,284,85? 43 1,200 00- $116,000 00 ..6593$ ..99262 .130947 .15530 .242592 .25870—55C129 . 2712 . 816- «25