«£ I'rom the /Irgus CAT O—No. VI, Concluded. ] I ft. As it is obvious that the present flourifhirtg ftite of our navigation, is in a great measure ow ing to the operation of the laws«l have mentioned, it nvttft follow, that whatever countervails the effe£t of those laws mull bring it back to the state in -rhich it was. Now as the profits of every voyage is calculated on theontward and homeward voyage, we pay in the Britiih dominions exattly what they n v lie're, the charge.trtoii the whole is the f .tic. TiV. en, previous to the passing our tonnage I'v.vs, the Bri ilh, bv the operation of their naviga tion laws, had such advantage over us, in our own commerce, nr. to employ two hundred and thirty tbouiand tons of lu*r (hipping, as she did in 1759 i v.'hsle the whole of American thipping employed in the tra 1c with Britain and its dominions, amounted in the fime year, to only 3,580 tons, lefc than one fisth' part of. the whole quality engaged in the in feirhan of commodities between the two nations, it mud follow that we fiiall. again be reduced in r-inftcnence of the treaty to our former humiliating f;!iia;;»ii, our seamen mull go into thclervice of the nayoa that is again to navigate for u«, and our fiup builders an. 1 the numerous trades conneited with them, mult starve or leek some otlier employ, ment, since our merchants will no longer hjvt oc casion for {hips. aid the British merchants are not permitted to uje thife we build. It is observable too, that the tonnage duty .whirh Britain is to lay, is not a countervailing duty, iike that on goods im ported, but is to be- in the words of the article " rqual to that which is payable iy Bri till) refills in the ports of America." Now foreign veflels pay 50 cent 6 here, of courft 50 cents may be imposed on our veflels in Britain, but our own vcffela also pay fix certts a ton at home, so that on every voyage to the British dominion*, and home again, they will pay 56 cents, while the British pay only 50; and as the roavge may be performed three times a year, the American ship will pay on the whole, 18 cents a ton annually more than the British, and it maybe a question whetbi'r we have any right to repeal the law la'ying the home du:y, as it was imposed and en titled when thetreaty was made and ratified, the repeal would put the BritiiTi vtffels in a less advantageous - litnation than they were at the time the treaty was made. But the difepuragement does not reft here, exceot so far as our trade may be confined to the city of London, for in every other port we pay an extra light money of is 9d (terling a ton, which is about 39 cents ; so that an American vefTel going to Bristol, Liverpool, &c. and returning, will pay (besides the 50 cents the British are to impose) fix cents American tonnage, and 39 cents extra light and trinity money, that is 45 ccnts move a ton than a British vefTel performing the fame voyage, and which in three voyages, or one year, will amount, on a vet Tel of 400 tons, to 540 dollars, extra charge on American vessels. Thus then we give an annual end no ir.c inf.derable bounty to Britifli vrft'els, to the prejudice of our own navigation. I believe that this is the firft inllance in the hiltory of nations, in uhich a commercial one has given greater encour agement to foreign (hips than to her own. But the evil does not (top here, equalizing duties arc to be imposed, what those are to be is not ascertained by the treaty ; but as the power to impose them is reserved to the Britifli parliament, what is to pre vent their exceeding their jnft me.ifure. But sup posing they are really inclined not to go beyond the fight referred by the ttcaty, what is to be the rule f>f that right ? The duties we impose upon their commodities amount to 12 per cent. 011 the India, and at the average, to about to per cent, on other articles. Are they to lay a duty which will amount to a mean of the telative quantities of these articles? if they are, how :» it to be found, as the relative proportion between the importation of these articles is continually fluftnating ? or is the countervailing duty to amount to as much .on the whole of the ar ticles imported from the LJwiied btates, as the who'e duty paid on foreign articles imported in Britifli ftiip3 pay the United States? this feetns to be the true conftruEtion of the article. IT so then, ns our imports from ihe Britifli dominions, exceed our exports to them by more than one third, and fttppofing the average of the duty they pay here to 1' e'i o oer cent, the duty upon our exports,if carried T.'Y any of the British dominions, in American ves sels j mud amount to 15 per cent, otherwise the whole duty will not be equalized, the advantage that this will give to Britifli (hips over ours, parti cularly when they bring our cheap and bulky arti cle#, or filth as pay tio duty, is too obvious to dwell upon. But this is not the only effect of this equalizing duty, ,is Britain has a right to choose the aniclrt on which Ihe may impose it, she has in some fort the regulation of our tratle, so far as it may be earned 011 in American vessels ; thus fup „of- she should put the greatest part of this equal v/inrr duty upon the hioft bulky articles, it would neceflarily follow that those articles must either rot on our hands, seek another market, or go in Brit ish (hips, which would pay no duty at home. Could a more effectual way be deviled to exclude us abfo lutelv from carrying our ovrn commodities ? It may be fr.id that independent of the tieaty, Britain rni/ht have imposed these duties ; true, and inde pendent of the tisfaty we might have met them with other duties. 2d. As the British must necefiaidy be the prin cipal carriers between us and their dominions, so they will be in a great measure the carriers between m and foreign nations : because while by their navi gation a£t they absolutely forbid us to enter their ports with any commodities not the giowth and ma ufafture Jf our own country ; they bring the commodities of other nations upon the fame terms ac those might by whom they were raised, and they en ', take back a return cargo to Britain, or its do minions, with greater advantage than \Ve can carry our own produce, by the whole diifeience of the ■oniiasrc, and countervailing duties with fix cents supra added if they return td London, and 45 cems if f p any other port in the Britifli dominions, and fun ther.ee a "rain return with Britifli commodities to the ot/ginafport. ft is evident that the benefits alieu'din r"fuch privileged (hips, mult give their jtf ers great advantages.over others ; and as they •iff only be held by British fubjech, who are by the term? of ths tr:aty to te in every te r pe£l upon a footing with our own merchants, while they en joy all thole additional advantages as British fub je'-.b, it requires no great forefight to discover, that the whule tyade of America must beeiigrofled by them. Nor does it require much mors to fee that the leading object of this treaty, is to establish the navigation and commerce of Britain upon the ruins of our own. To fill the atlantic pcirts, and the western territory with British merchants and fa&ovs—to establish a certain degree of rank for British officeis, whom tl>e humiliated Amcrkan i. - > direc\ed, tinder pain of being " considered as a dis turber of the peace of both nations, to treat tvith refpeS due to bis commission to put such fetter* upon our legillatur-: as would forever bind them to -t-he will of that imperious nation—to difgult our republican allies, and leave t's only to the jnjiice and humanity of thtm.m who has urged our Have* to cut our throats—iav;vges to murder our women and children—barbarian pirates to ertflave our ttiariners —and his own banditti to profane our churches— burn our dwellings, and rob, plunder, arid mafTacre our citizens. If we compare this treaty with many | speeches, made aboi:' the period of Mr. Jay's ap pointment, with the fuppott he has avowedly receiv ed from the British faction, with the warmth with which he engaged in the controversy between our government and the French minifler: If we add the readiness that ardent or vindictive men feci, to suppose every thing right which strengthens their party, we shall be left surprised at the treaties, eon riavenino; the exillinJ laws of the country, where they bore hard upon the British, or its giving them fnch additional encouragement as (hould induce them to potir in their myrmidons to fapport and strengthen the hands of government againll native Americans, and the friends and well withers to for eign and domestic republics—whom the courtiers have dared to calumniate with the names of antifed eral and jacobin. Mr. Knckney informs tis in his letter to Mr. Jefferfon, that Lord Grenville, in stating the prin ciples on which they had ifTucd the inftruftion ps Bth January, 1794, made use of these terms, " the second was that he [Lord GrenvideJ could not mention to mc officially, but that he iiiil thought it right 1 should be apprised of, that no misconcep tion of their motives might be entertained, that he was aware of the delicacy of speaking to 'a foreign mir.ifter concerning the internal Hate of his country, neither could he expe£t an answer fiom me on the fubjeft. But that the second reason was to take away every pretext from evil disposed persons among us [the citizens of the United States] who accord ing to the intelligence h: bad received were endeavsur ing to irritate our people itgtAnJl Great Britain, at uiell as to oppafe the mcafures of own government, and in (hort, to reduce us to the present situation of France." it is evident from this communication, that Lord Grenville supposed that all thofc perfoits in America, who f.lt for the honor of their coun try —who were irritated at the piracies of the Brit ilh, and the insults and injuries we had fuffered, j which I believe included every native American not holding an office, a feat in Congress, or money in the funds were the eppofcrs of our own government. As the in(l r u£\ions alluded to, directed the tak ing our vcfiels, going-from the French Weft Indies to any port in Europe, Lord Grenville mutt have conceived, that the way to flrengthen the hands of our government, was t*j destroy our commerce — imprison our teamen in unhealthy climates, and les sen our connection with France ; the whule was e vidently thrown out to Mr.Pinckney to induce him to enter into couverfation with him on the fubjedt of such a convention between the two governments as fiiould engage America in a war with France, permit Britain to plunder our trade, and in return lend her aid for tiie support of our government. — The whole speaks this plain language, " the friends of Britain in America, are the friends of your go vernment, the enemies to British depredations are the enemies of your government, and Jacobins who love the French ; let u» make a common cause of it, we can mutually assist each other. ' Mr. Pinckney was too pruder.t to enter i to any difcuflion with Lord Grenville on this delicate fubjeft ; I hope Mr. Jay has been equally so. That the cause of the treaty, and the cause of Britain, have gone hand and hand in this couutry, will not, however, he disputed, by lUofe who kfiow the birth pationage, and aff;£tious of its advocates, and as this dangerous inflrument has a tendency to dellroy our connection with France, to cut the sinews of the national strength, to compel us to rely on Great B-itain, and to import supporters of our government from thence : we cannot doubt its lining the offspring of a perconceived system. C A T O. S T 0 C K S. Six per Cert. - - Three per Cent. - Deferred Six per Cent DANK United States, ------ ——— North \meiica, - - - - - Pennsylvania, ------ Insurance Company North America, 30 Pennfylvania,[lnt. off] 6 LOOKING-GLASS PLATES For SALE, by JAMES and HENRY REYNOLDS, No. 56, Market-street, by the box or fmallcr quantity. Also, a general Allbrtment of Looking-Glafles fram ed. Brackens for Lamps, &c. Girandoles j GUl's or Picture Frames made in burniflied gold, oil gold, white and gold, black and gold or plain. August 18. Mr. EDWARD ALLEN, BOK.N at Cambridge, England, and educated at Kirkbride's, near Barnard Cattle. Yoi'kfcire —Who is supposed to have come ta America in the year 1787, is requested to call on, or write to Captain James Tho mas Bilhop,- at Do&or Spence'g, No. xio, South Se cond-street, Philadelphia, where he will hear of forne thing much to Ilia advantage. Capt. Bifcop will thank any person for anyinforma t Jon the above EdwarsAilen. Augnft it. 1 inoft cordially join id the general joy of every good citieen, on the patriotic firmnefs exhibited by our worthy Prefideat ill Supporting the constitution of the country ; for though he discreetly waves hazarding a sentiment on the right of exercizing an absolute- negative on the determination of the Senate, yet he is under no hesitation in giving their conftitutinnal deciiion, a formal effect. That the fenor of the treaty is not coextensive with the vvlftvs of the citilens of the United States, is admitted by all, hut as our conftittitional Representatives have dill tnought it politic to give it a partial conlirmation, I ought not to suppose that, any real well wisher to his country would dart to fubftitiite the haity ill digested refutations of uninformed individuals. Would pot such mea sures tend to the deltrudtion of all government ? Have we not a ccnftitution founded on rational and liberal principles, which though opposed by some in its formation, yet has been wifely and universally, permitted to enter into full operation. Upon what principles then is it attempted to usurp the power of government and place it in a multi tude of detached bodies. If one set of men meet and attempt to direct public councils, another may with equal propriety meet in opposition. Where will this terminate ? will it not difiblve the bands of Society and cast us back into a (late of nature ? Surely no considerate man will lend his aid to the workers of confufion ; for whatever pretences may be made, of a meer opposition to the treaty, there is too much reason to fear that it arises from a deep rooted hatred to the Constitution ; a Constitution under which there is more true liberty and h.ippi nefs enjoyed, than under any farm of government in the world. Let us but support our present sys tem of mild government and good laws stowing from constitutional sources and we rnutf be a great and envied people. That there will be turbulent men in all countries mutt ever be expected, and that there will be weak men who \yill follow them blindfold into the abfurdelt measures; but the great bulk of the people whillt theyaie enlightened will pursue their own happiness, and support good gov ernment. - - - - ltf - - - - xi/ - - - - 14/ 31 pr. Cent. 5° - 38 - 3aw 3W aaw tf t'tr the G-AZETTE of the UNITED STATES- MR. Fenno, It is not to be underltood that by supporting good government we are tamely to submit to Inso lence and injaflice ; the late conduct of the Britifli cruiferi, even in our porti fhou'd claim our moll pointed resentment, not floppingr.tthedilatory mode of obtaining fatisfadiion by diplomatic complaints, the arms of government should he immediately pointed to the offender ; when a commander of a ship of war {hall insolently and wantonly break through the rules established by neutral nations, he should be denied the enjoyment of neutral rights. Though we are sincerely dilpofed to pursue pacific meafurcs with all nations, yet their fubje&s fliall not be permitted to affront us on our bwn territory, Capt. Home and his ctew (hould be informed that the ports of America should be (hut to them as men who have violated the rights of nations the rights of their own nation and of ours. Wlnlft foreigners treat u» with decency and jullicc they fliall find us the friends of mankind, but at the fame time that we are men who know our rights and how to protect them. By this Day's Mails. NEW-YORK, Auguli 17. By the Hercules, arrived on Saturday, we have received our regular advices up to the 27th of June ; and by a gentleman who came paflenger, we were kindly favored with additional papers to the 30th, from which we present our readers with the following extracts :— LONDON, June 25. What will the flicklers for Geiman honor and Imperial faith, tlie approvers of the Aullrian loan, fay, when they peruse the following letter, which we have no doubt will soon receive such a confirma tion as will convince the moll obstinate, that the Emperor, as if in perse& spite to his fupporteis in the British Parliament, has announced his intention to concldde a peace with France for his hereditary slates, and also to- enter into negociations for the empire J His mpiefty the Emperor of Germany to his excel lency the Prince Colleredo, president as he is j«\iiied by four ship« of , the Kn«i two frigatts,. tvVo (loop-, a fire-lliip, an d Itro cuttsr«, which are the reinforcements orderei him by the Admiralty Board, on account of the appearance of the Dutch cruisers in that quarter, Admtriilty-Ojficc t June l*}, 1 795- Difpatchcs, of which the following ate copiei ana extrafh were yelterday received at the offii-e. Admiral Cornwallis, on board his rhajefty'* {hip Royal Sovereign, the nth of Jure, to Evan Nepean, Esq. Secretary of the Admiralty. - Sir, I requed that you will be i.leafed to acquaint the Lore's Commifiioners of the Admiralty, that on the sth iiftant, a ship having been «hafed hv the squadron, a figual was made t« me from the Phae ton, that it was an enemy's fiigate. But in the evening Capt. Stafford made me a (ignal, that he could'not come up with r he rhace, upon which I called turn i" and brough to for the night, being then in latitr 1e47, 2X, long. 5, 57, In themort . ingofthe yh.afail was seen again to the eaflward. I made the lignul for the Phaeton, Pallas and King-Fisher, to chare, and followed them with the line of battle ihips. It was blowing fiefh from the north j and as we came in with the land fcveral large (Lips were fcen under fail, which proved to be a French lquadroii, conliiting .of tbree lii>e of bat tie {hips, fix frigates, a brig a (loop a (.utter. Some of thi.ni were at firlt (landing off (hoie, but unfor fortunntely, the wind was fair for tliem to get int» Bellille ro*d, where we saw fcveral large fljips at anchor. We had got very near to the enemy's (hips and had hopes at fm'l ?ie fhoiild have got uo witli them bcfoie they could hsve react ed their ports ; and rr.ade signals for the (hips u> form for their ir.uunj/upportj.and engage the enemy a» they came up. The Phaeton fired fcveral (hots which the line of battle relumed from their (terns. I fol lowed as far as I thought prudent, and then hauled the wind. Soon af;er 1 saw three fail (landing in," I made the (ignal to chate, they ivere two French frigates and a large Dutch built ship, in tow of orre of them. They flood round U* end of Bellile ; the hindmost (hip «ot within gun fW, and fevcral were exchanged. '(lie King Fillier fired (everal bcoad lules at the frigstes.; thev wrre obliged to cart off flic (hip in tow and rounding the point of .he iflarid we came upon a .onyoy, chiefly btigs. Eight of tjjem were taken, hut the frigates running in (hore among (hoals, the Triumph and Phaeton having made Signals o nic of danger wc we e obliged to give over the put Urn. By what I can leai n the co' voy came from Bourdtaux laden with wines and under tlie charge of three lineof battle (hips, a'ndeight frigates, A brig Corvette had anchored close in r.i.h thefoUth end of the iflarid if the evening, whilit ilie frlgiitig weie chafed at night. I Caj>t. Stopfo t< &jm the Pheaton, to work in (hoie, and it he did ru>t perceive any works to protett the- Corvette, to en deavour to bring her our. He attempted it in the morning, but they opened a battel v on the (hip which he had not seen ; and the brig being clef hauled infh e during the night, Cap-. Stopford very properly thought it not an olject of confe quencc to balance the Jof» the (hip «-ai likely to sustain, and therefore returned having had one men killed, seven wounded and two <>: his gins demount ed. I find the vcffels have naval iloics as well as wine ; the (Tiip has cannon, and I wnjerftand is laden with naval and ordnance (lores. Two Amciican vcfTtls, laden with provifjoiss of different kinds have been detained litre by the squadron, I fend them in by the King-Fifhrr 1 have ordered Capt. Gofaelin to join mc heie again immediately. Copy of a letter from Capt. Goffelin. 0/ his Majesty's Hoop King-Fifiier, dated Falmoir.h, June 24th, I 795, to Evan Nepean, See. to tiifc Admiiaity. You will be pleased to inform my Lords Com miltioners of the Admiralty, of the arrival of his majesty's lloop under my command, off this port, and having (een the large ihip captured by Vice Admiral Cornwallii's fqnadr«ti on the 7th inft. in fafety : all the reft of the squadron parted company with me 011 the 19th in a severe ga'e of wind. I ani See T. L. COSSELIN. Extraß tf a Letter from ] ice Admiral Cornwailis, da ted June K, 1795, on board trje Rey'aJSovereign, at . sea, to Evan Nepean, Secretary to the Admiralty. / have the honor t0 itfoj m you, Jar the infotnititioji of tlx lords Commiffiotiers of the Admiralty, that on tbt i(,th, .in the morning, ftandivg in with the land near tht Pen,narks, I Jem the Phattm ,1-head to look ow for am of the enemy 4 Jhips on the and obliged me to bear up for her supper t : this was their lafi effort —if any thing deserves this appellation. Several Jhot were fired for 2 hours after, but they appeared to be drawing cj}\ arid before the fun was set their whole fleet had tacked a?. J was /landing from us : the Mars and Tr 'tumpb being the flernmoji ships, were of course morp exp fifed to the enemy s fire% and I cannot too much commend the Jpirit ed conduct of Sir Charles Cotton and Sir Erasmus Gow* er, the captains of those Jhips. Lord Charles Fitz eratd also in the Brunfiwick kept up a very good fire from tie after guns ; but thatfhip was obliged the whole time to carry eyery fail. The Bellerophsw being nearly in the fame circumflance I was glad to keep in-jo me ibeajute vi reserve, having reason firjl to fuppofc there would be full occafon for the utr.iojl exertion of vs all ; arid rather a-htad of me *oas uoi a'Ae to fire much. I corjt dered that Jhf as