Gazette of the United States.
PHILADELPHIA,
Friday evening, November it.
MODERN FRENCH ELOQUENCE.
The following is a specimen of the present
State of French oratory. The harran
gue of Carnot comes limping after the
oraisons Funebres of the age of Lewis
XIV.
Speech delivered by citizen carnot, Minister
of war, on the removal of the body of
Marshal Turenne, to the temple of Mars,
in the 2id instant.
" Citizens—your eyes are fixed on the
remains of the great Turenne: behold the
body of that warrior, so dear to every
Frenchman, to every friend of glory and
humanity : behold him, whose name alone
never failed to produce the mod lively emo
tion in every heart inclined to virtue ; whose
fame proclaimed amongst all people, fliould
be jsropofed to all generations as the model
of heroes. To-morrow you will celebrate
the foundation of the Republic : let us pre
pare that fedival by the apotheosis of all that
is praise-worthy andjudly illudrious, Vvhich
former ages have left us. This temple is
not reserved for thole whom chance has or
may cause to exid under the Republican
aira, but to those who, in all times dis
played virtues worthy of it/ Henceforth,
Oh Turenne ! your manes Hi til inhabit this
fpacg, they shall dwell naturalized among
the founders of the Republic ; they shall
erobelifli their triumphs, and partake in
their (national feftivals. The idsa is no
tloubt sublime, of placing the mortal re
main! of a hero, now no more, jn the midd
of warriors, who followed "in,the fame ca
reer, and were formed by his example. It
is the urne of a father restored to his chil
dren, and the legitimate and the moll pre
cious portion of their inheritance. To the
brave belong the ashes of the brave ; they
are thfriY natural guardians; they should
be their vigilant trustees. A right after
death belongs to the warrior who has been
swept off" on the field ; it is that of reliding
under the fafeguard of the warriors, of par
taking with them of die asylum consecrated
to glory, for glory is a property which death
does not take away. Honoured be the Go
vernment which made it a study to acquit
the debt of the nation towards its ancient
benefadors, which dreads not the lights dif
fufyd by, their gtuitis ; who has 110 interett
in (lifting their remembrance! Honoured
be'the Chiefs of a martial nation, who fear
not to invoke the fliade of Turenne 1 The
"greatwefs of a l«rro is attelled by the great ■
ness of those other heroes he furpaflcd : he
enhances his own glory by making that
of the greated men fliine in its full fplendtjr,
without any apprehenfioo of being eclipsed
by them, 'luhbnne lived in a time when
prejudice placed imaginary diftindions above
the mod lignal lcrvices. He knew how lo
make the splendor of his rank disappear be
fore that ot his vidories, Mid the great man
was all that was seen in him. France, Ita
ly, and Germany, resounded only with his
triumphs ; and it was his virtue alone,
which, after his death, drew that praise so
sublime, frofn the mouth of a generous ri
val, himfelf a great man alio, de Mom e-
CUCULI—" Here died a man ivh» did honor
to man." I (hall not repeat what hillory
has taught each of u« from his infancy, the
actions of Turenne, the details of his mili
tary life ; nor perhaps the dill more inter
eding details of his private life. He is one
of those men whose eulogy should be no
more than the pronouncing of his name.
The names of heroes is as a focus, and
unites in a tingle point all the circumducts
of their lives. It imprints oil the sense a
stronger emotion, on theenthufiafma more
rapid impulse, on the heart a more impre
tive love of virtue, than even the recital of
those anions which gain them the palm of
immortality. Oh ! what title more glori
ous could I join to that of father, by which
the soldiers didinguifhed Turenne in his
life-time ! What trait could T add to that
of these fame soldiers, after his death, on
feeing the enibarralTment in which it left
the Chiefs of the ariny, about the part they
were to take. " Let loose la Pie,'* (which
was the name of Turenne's horse) said they,
" and he will lead us." How could I equal
the words of St. Hilaite! The fame bullet"
which killed Turenne carried of the arm of
the former. To his foil, is an exclamation
of grief, ho said—" -It is not I, my son, that
ought to be bewailed, it is that great man."
Turenne was in the plains of Saltzbach
commanding the French, sure of hisdifpofi- j
tions, certain of the vidory. He is (truck— 1
Turenne is dead. Confidence and hope are
fled ? all France is in mourning, and the en- '
eroy do honour to themselves in mourning
that great man. The Germans for many
years left untilled the spot where he was kil
led, and the inhabitants spared it as a sacred
place. They paid refped to the old tree
under which he reposed himfelf a little time
before his death, and would not let it be
cut down, The tree would have perilhed
but becaule soldiers of all nations plucked
off some parts off it out of refped to his
memory. The remains of Turenne have
been preserved to the present time in the
tomb of the Kings. The republicans have
withdrawn it from that (lately oblivinn.
They have this day decreed him a place in
the Temple of Mars, where the recital of
ef his victories will be daily repeatedby tlsefe
old Generals who inhabit this abode. What
avail trophies without motion and without
life ? Here glory is conltant in adion. J
Marble and brass may be consumed by time. '
This asylum of French warriors, whom old
age or wounds disable from fighting any
paore, will endure from age to age, and our
lated poderity will come here refpedfully to i
converse with those who lhall have termina- j
ted their career in the field of honor. It is |
on the tomb of Turenne that the aged will
daily Ihedthe tears ef admiration, and where
the youth will come to find his vocation to
the trade of arms. If after-having embra
ced his monument, after having invoked
the manes of Turenne, he does not find him
felf filled with a holy enthusiasm ;if his
heart be not raised and purified ; if he does
not, above all things, passionately love the
heroic virtues, he fliould fay to himfelf that
he was not born for glofy. 4
til oar days Turenne would have been the
firft to launch out in that carreer which our
Republican phalanxes have run. In was not
to the maintenance ofthe political fydem then
prevailing that he consecrated his labours*
that he facrificed his life but to the defence
of his conntry independant ot all system.
The love of his country was his adnatitig
principle, as in our days it ha* been that ofthe
bamjiieres, the Dugommiers, thelMarceaus,
the Jouberts, the Delfaix's the Latour
d'Auvergnes. His Glory ought not to be
separated from that ot thole Republican he
roes and the great Turenne be fenllble of
this aft of the national gratitude, command
fd by a Government which knowns how to
appreciate the virtues—Citisens, let us not
enfeeble the emotion which your hey ts feel at
the fight of his tuneral apparatus. Words
cannot ditfcribe what is here presented to your
senses. What (hould I fay of Turenne ?
Behold the sword which armed his vidori
out hand. Of his death ? Behold the fatal
ball which snatched him from France, and
from humanity altogether.''
Pennsylvania Legislature.
In SENATE.
Fiiday, Novkmbck 14.
On motion to recede from the amend
ments of the lecret try, to the Electoral Bill,
the yeas and nays being called for, gen.
Woods, the speaker obfe'ved, that the fub
jeduurfer consideration had been so fully
difcufled n the public prints, and in that
house, it was not his intention to have spo
ken thereon ; but having understood that
; his silence was by some considered as an ac
quiescence in the reasoning ofthe minority
of the house, and an admiflion that their ar
guments were conclusive—he would then
claim the privilege of briefly exppefling his
fentimcnts on this important quedion. He
said it was known to them all, that the laws
under which the eledors had hitherto been
chosen, were laws'of experiment,—limited
to the particular occasion : and that it was
left to the Legiflatuie to provide for a fiaii
lar necetfity—without adverting par icu'ar
ly to the reasons which provided the mode
provided by the Senfcte and rejeded by the
House of R prefeutatives at their la 1 felfion
it might br proper to obferte, that in those
dates where the choice was made by the
people, that mode was generally admitted
to be the belt, and as luch bad been conten
ded for by the party who now opposed it :
—lt had also the op nion of the Legislature
of Virginia in its favor, even in the fame
fcflion, and after they had changed their
law from diftridl to a general eledion—
On a refolntion brought forward (as he had
understood) by Mr. Maddifon—fuggeding
the necefliiy of an amendment to the Con
ditution of the United States, refpedtiug
the eleftion of President and Vive-Prefident
&c. it was also declared, that the eUdion
of tledors ought to be uniform: and thai
didrids in each date for that purpofe,would
be mod proper.
' At the clole of our laic ftflion. it was ge
nerally underdood that the legislature would
be convened in time to piss a law by which
the people (who had theretofore exercised the
right, and with whom it ought ilill to re.
main) might again participate in the choice
of eledors—ln th.s expedition he had been
disappointed—The Ex'Ctuive interpolation
was not until too late for any other than a
lcgiflaiive appo-ntmeni—He said he would
mention ihele circumftanccs, and leave the
comment for others—He thoughi 4 ihe infer
ence was obvious.
The constitution of the United States, he
said, declared, that " each djte (hall appoint
in such manner as the Legislature thereof
(hall dired, a number of Eledors equal to
the whole number of Senators and Repiefen
tatives, to which the State may be entitled
in Congress. The Legifluure of this State
was now called 011 to comply with this con-
Aitutional injundion, and to dired the man
ner in which it (hould be performed. The
manner ought therefore to be such as would
preserve to er.ch braNch of the Legislature
its relpedive rights and powers—that alone
being congenial with the spirit of our Con
ditution. Thus it appeared that the Legis
lature was to dired the manner ; but its
mcmbersAvere not neceftarUy to be the agents
in the appointment. In this and other dates
the people were considered the agents contem
plated in the, Conditution ; and even in those
where a different condrudion prevailed, it
was not contended that the Constitution pre
ferred that it (hould be done either by joint
or concurrent vote of the Legislature, or by
each branch appointing ji certain number of
the Eledors; yet it did not prohibit either of
these modes. It was our State Conditution
which would be the guide, and the spirit of
that bore drongly againlt a joint vote—be
! cause it virtually dedroyed the conditutional
check and power which each branch of the
1 Legislature had on the ads ofthe other—lt
was useless to fay that the Legislature were
to dired the mantle* if the Constitution had
already prescribed it, and left no alternative.
It would be in vain that the Constitution h id
rendered the concurrence of the several
branches of the Legislature efuitial to the
pafling of a law dire ding the manner, if on
the necessity of a legidative appointment, it
was to bs determined by joint vote—lt
would in elFett be determining the whole by
joint vote. This principle, if admitted,
nvght be attended with the mod mischiev
ous conjfeqiiences —Wherever a disposition
prevailed in either branch of the Legisla
ture to withdraw from the people this privi
lege, it would only be liecefTary to defeat
the law propoftd for an eleA.oii, and the
result would be certain—By such means the
right intended to be tecured to the people,
would ultimately bp, transferred to the mem.
bers of the legislature. '
The member from Northumberland (Mr.
Maclay) had laid, Conftitutioos were delign
ed to restrain and limit certain powers—not
to extend them. This polition was certain
ly correfl ; but instead of answering that
pnrpofe it unciueftionably operated againlf
the tneafurc which he wished to fopport. In
obeying a constitutional injunction, we were
restrained in the exercise of onr powers to
our feperate and corporate capacity ; and
couli} not a£l jointly with the House ol Re
prelentativcs bat in such cases as were spe
cially provided fur in the Constitution. This
was not one of those cases—it would there
for* follow that a concurrent vote in the ap
pointment, would be the only cunfttutional
mode. It appeard to him that the error
arose from confounding the duty impoled by
the Constitution with the legeflative provifiatl
as to the manner. The law would be foun
ded on the constitution, and the agency
would be under the law —The appointment
of electors under the law of the date would
be the appointment of the state ; and as
such regarded by the Congress of the Uni
ted States.
Mr. Woods said. from the reasons which
he had urged against a joint vote it would be
obvious that he Ihouldnot conliderany mode
proper, which did not fecurc the relpc#ive
branches of the legislature their separate and
independent powers.
The mode contemplated in the amend
ments of the Senate to the Bill, seemed bed
calculated for thai purpose. It would afford
a just and correil opinion of the legiflatureon
this (übjeft, without meeting the difficulties
that might arise on a concurrent vote.
It h;d been mentioned that in republics
the majority should govern. This (ofcour(c)
was admitted, bat it was nectflary to know
the will of the whole bifore this could be de
termined. It was curious toobferve the lan
guage ufeJ in fame of the petitions presented
on this fubjed. It was stated that in Mary
land an attempt was made to deprive the peo
ple of the right of tledliou which was defeat
ed only by the exertions of the Republicans.
In that (late the cle&ions for ele&ors were
in diflr.&s, by which the majority and mi
nority were boih heard. The petitioners
confiderrd this pr 'per there, where, on a
ueneral vote, the majority would oe against
their views ; but in Virginiaand Pennlylva
tiia, where the n.ajotuies were supposed o
iherwife, it w,uld be unconfliiutional that
the minority lhMild be heard. Such was the
consistency of those who alTume to them
selves (he title of Republicans,
He said he (hould not longer claim theatten
ti n of the Senate, but give his negative to
the motion.
PROPOSITIONS
On behalf of the committee of Confer-
ence of the House of Representatives, to
. form the basis of a free conference on the
Elettoral Bill.'
t. That the choice of Eleftors (hall be
made by a joint vote of the two branches
of the Legiilature, but the above fiiall be
so regulated as give Vach branch a por
tion of the number ciiofen.
2. That before the joint meeting each
branch (hall nominate a number of persons,
equal to the whole number #f Elettois to be
ckofen ; and at the joint meeting each
member of the two branches shall vote for
fifteen Eleftor* of whom (hall be ta
ken from the nomination by the Senate &
from the nomination of the Haufe of
Representatives.
3. That the Senate recede from their
amendments to the Bill; and that the bill
be so amended in the House of Representa
tives as to conform ta the fmt and second
proportions.
REPLY.
The Committee of Conferrence on the part
of the Senate, delivered to »he conferrees
on the part of the House of Representa
tives upon the propositions on Monday
evening, 17th November in the after
noon.
The committee of conference on the part
of the Senate, have considered the propo
sitions of the committee of the House of
Representatives, to which the following ex
ceptions occur.
The firfl cannot be adraited, because it is
destroying the principl: in which the amend
ments of the Senate are founded, viz, pre
serving to the several branches of the Le
gislature their refpettive constitutional
rights.
This exception resting ageinft the prin
ciple therein contained it is uniieceflary to
notice the other propositions, as they of
course will be rejefted ; but if the principle
were conceded, the fecon'd proposition is
not fufficiently explicit, the number to be
taker, from each branch of the Legislature
not being inferttd. Cn the whole the
committee does not discover that any
advantage can rel'ult from changing the
principle. '
The only objeft would appear to refpett
the number to be appointed by each branch
and the sentiments of the committee have
alreadybetn unequivocally exprefled on that
point.
Repeated conferences having already
been had on the l'ubjedt; the Committee on
the part of the Senate cannot consider the
propositions made by the committee on the
part of the House of Representatives as
framing the bsfis of a fr<e conference on tli«
ele&arat bill, but rather U « conclave
opinion.
This opinion havingbeen opposed to their
sentiments, the committee of the Senate
cannot agree to recommend to that body to
receie from their amendments.'
SECOND PROPOSITION.
The committee of the House of Represen
tatives in reply to the exceptions which are
offered by the committee of the Senate to
their prppofitions obferve—
1. That it has been admitted in debate
by the minority in the House of Reprefenta
tives,itis understood to have been argued
by the majority in debate in the benate,and_
it is not denied by the committee of con
ferees on behalf of the Senate, that an ap
pointment of Ele&ors by a joint vote of both
branches of the Legilature, would be acon
ftitutional made of proceeding.
2. That the majority of the House of
Representatives are conscientiously of opi
nion, that electors can only be constitu
tionally appointed by a joint vate of both
branches of the legislature.
3. That, therefore, in to a joint
vote the Senate will only wave, what is in
their opinion a matter of form ; but in de
parting from it, the House of Representa
tives would facrifice, what is in their opi-
matter of principle.
- 4. That on an occasion and
important, involving not only the refpett
that is due to the sacred obligation by
which the Legislature is bound to fapport
the constitution of the union, but the very
existence of the Union itfelf, it is prelumed,
that a disposition will be felt, ar.d manifeft
ed on both fides of the conference, to pro
duce a conciliatory, and fatisfaftory result.
5. That under this imprefiion, the con
ferees on behalf of the House of Reprefen
itatives have before declared, and now re
peat, that they cannot consent to advise a
i'urrender of the principle of a joint vote ;
but th'.t they are willing to receive, and
consider a propolition for apportioning the
number ofeleftors between the two houses,
in such manner as ftiall not violate the con
stitutional right of the Senate.
6. That the Senate havingin their amend
ments proposed tbe appointment of leven
ele&ors to the Senate, and eight eledWs to
the Houle of keprefentatives ; the confe
rees on benalf of the House of Keprefenta
tives are prepared to receive and consider
the reasons of the conferees on behalf of the
Senate, for making that apportionment, and
at the fame time, will candidly offer the rea
sons which occur in opposition to it.
7. That as it is obvious that the only
difference which exilts between the two
Houses, is the apportionment of the num
ber of Eledlors, the conferees on behalf of
the Hoo'eof Representatives declare, T hat
any realonable proportion in that refprft
will be adopted by ther«, to reftue the Itate
from the disgrace and odium arising fiom a
derelidVion of her federal obligations; and
that, they trust, the candor of the conferees
on behalf of the Senate, will prevtnt their
making any but a reasonable proportion on
the occasion.
8. That, upon the whole, the conferees
on behalf of the House of Rrprifentativts
ultinately declare, that they cannot, con
scientiously, recede from the principle of a
joint vote ; but that they consider the ap
pointment of the eledlors, to the whole ex
tent of the numbers to be appointed,.as a f/ir
fubjeft for free difouffioil, and mutal con
celfioi).
(REPLY.)
The committee of conference ion the part
of the Senate have considered the second
proportions of the committee of the House
of Representatives, in which they do not
discover any thing important, to which the
former reply of the committee does not fur
nilh an answer.
The committee of the Senate have already
given their opinion on the appointment of
the electors, and to enter now into a detail
of the reasons on which that is founded
woyld be ui'elefs to those whs have already
heard them, and not pradlicable in the time
given to reply. The committee confident
the proportions of the committee of the
Houle of Representatives, as leadii.g to un
certainty and difficulty 011 a point which
(for the honor of the (late) ought fpecdily to
be iettled. The mode propuled in the amend
ments, alike with deflred by the com
mittee of the Houl'e of Reprefem.itives, fur
nilhes the opportunity of a discussion as to
the appointment of the eleftors. Upon the
whole this committee imprefied vrith the
jtiflnels of the principle which didlated the
amendments of the Senate, and feeling them
selves confcitntioully bound tofupport them,
cannot agree to relinquish the ground which
they have ttken.
The following geutleruen have been ele£\ed
Eledtors of President and Vice-Prelident
of the United States, for the (late of Vir
ginia, and it is supposed will vote for My.
JefFerfon, vi 3.
George Wythe, of the city of Richmond,
William Newium, of Prince Is Anne,
Edmund Pendleton, fen'r, of Caroline,
William H. Cabell, of Amherft, •
James Madif'-n, jun'r, of Orange,
John Page, of G1 mcefler,
Thomas Newton, jun'r, of Norfolk borough.
Carter B. Harrifsn, of Prince George,
General Jol'eph Jones, of Dinwidtlie,
William ,B. Giles, of Amelia,
Greed Taylor, of Cumberland,
Thomat R-ad Fen'r, of Gliailotte,
George Penn, of Patrick,
Walter Jones, of Northumberland,
Richard Brent, of Prince William,
William Ellzey, of Loudoun,
Andrew Moore, of Kiockbr dsfe,
General John Brown, of Hardy,
General John Preston, ol Montg: raery.
Hugh Holmes of Frederick,
Archibald Stuart,' of Augustas.
Extract of a letter written by a Gentleman
at Lancafler, dated Wedntfday evening,
November 19th.
In myUft I informed you, of the fate
of the bill introduced to the House of Re
presentatives by Mr. Penrofe—lt was revi
ved this morning hy a motion to re-confitler,
made by Messrs. Hu(lon and Moore, two of
the Membeis who were in the majority
yesterday. The reason assigned by the mo
ver,. Mr. Hufton, was, that the vote had
been hastily taken, and the bill not fully
understood by all the Members—several not
having voted either for or against it. Mr.
Hufton also observed, thaf, notwithstand
ing he wilhed a re-confidefation, he proba
bly should again vote against the bill.
The question, being then put, was carried
in the affirmative ; and, the firft ledion be
ing before the House, a postponement was
moved by Mr. Boileau, in order that the
bill might be printed for the use of the
Members, which was also carried in the affir
mative, and the House, after a£\ing on some
other business, adjourned umtill the after
noon.
" When the House met, in the afternoon,
the bill was read a second time, and (a few
small amendments, no way afFe&ing the
principal of it, being made) ordered to be
transcribed for a third reading. It will pals
the House to-morrow morning, and be
transmitted to the Senate, wheie it will,
dsuhtlefs, receive suitable amendments."
[The iutter published in yelferday's Ga
zette, gives the fubfknce of the bill, as men
tioned in the picceding letter.
In addition to the information which the
above letter conveys, we are informed, that
an unsuccessful motion was made, on the
lecond reading of the bill, to amend the lat
ter par' of the third fettion io as to read as
follows, viz.]
" And each Member shall vote for fifteen
Eleftors—feven of whom shall be taken
from the nomination of the and eight
of whom shall be taken from the nomination
of the House of Reprrfeutatives, and the
seven highest in vote which fliall be taken
from the nomination of the Senate, and the
eight highefl in votes which shall ue taken
from the nomination of the House of Rr
prefentatives, (hall be the Elr£lors to eleft,
on behalf of Pennsylvania, a President and
Vice-President ot th| United States."'
By this Day's Mail
PITTSBURGH, November 14.
On Friday last marched through this town>
under the command of Colonel Strong) the Fe
deral troops, (am mnring to about 500) which
were encamped near this place, and embarked
on board of biiats to descend the river for the
plate fixe J on far their winter quarters, which
we understand was toTiaveTiceivSeirrite month
of the Ohio. We are since informed, tfcat
counter-orde~s hava been received from the
Commander in chief, and that the troops will
rem.in in the neighbourhood of tkis place du
ring the winter. They had proceeded only
about twelve miles down the river when these
orders were raceivcd.
CHILLICOTHE, Norember 6.
Monday last, the Honourable Legislature
for the Territory North Weft of the Ohio,
conven'd in this town, and having made a
quorum, proceeded to butinefs.
His Excellency Arthur St. Clair, Efq
arrived oil Tuesday morning.
The following Gentlemen compose the
two branches of the Legislature.
Council,—.Messrs Olivar, Burnett, Vance,
Finlay, and W. C. Schenck, Sec'rjr.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTARIVES.
Ross County.— MefTrs, Tiffin Speaker y
Worthington, Lincham, S. Finly.
Hamilton County.—MelTrs. Smith, Lud
low, Benham, tioforth, M'Mellon, Lytic,
Martin.
Aams County.—Messrs. Maffie, Darlin
ton.
Watbingto* Gran*?.—Meffre. Meigl, ted
rin.
Jefferson Cuwty•—Meffrs. Prichard,
Kimberly.
Wayne County.Messrs. Sibley, Vifgar,
C. F. Chebert De Joncaire, and John
Riley, Clark.
His Excellency the Governor met the
two branches of the Legislature in the Re
presentatives room yesterday, and delivered
his speech. Its extreme length, obliges us
to omit the publication of it until our next.
This morning, in the Legislature now fit
ting here, came on an eleflion for two
gates to represent this territory in the
Congress of the United States, when Wil
liam M'Mellon, Elq. of Hamilton County,
was declared duly eledled to f'erve until the
4th of March next, in place of W. H.
Harrifoil, Esq. appointed Governor of the
Indiana Territory ; and Paul Fcarin, Esq.
of Walhington County, to frrve for two
years from the 4th of March enfuipg.
NOW LANDING,
At Meflirs. Wain's wharf below the Drawbridge
The Cargo
Of the brig Mentor, direiS from Malaga, viz.
M AtAGA WINE in quarter cafta
750 ktgs freih SUN RAIi'INS
400 box's MUSCATEL Do.
300 boxes BLOOM Do.
Soft fhdlV ALMONDS in bags
Gil APES in jars
FIGS in kegs —and
A small quantity of SHEET CORK,
Apply to
EDWARD DUNANT,
No, 149, South I'ront Street.
November 19.
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