-Gazette of the United States. PHILADELPHIA, Thursday ••vin'ing, august r'4. I'RIUES OF STOCKS. ''"IUfLPHI , AUOUST II Old « per O.nt Stnckfor cash New 8 per Cent Stock di 10S'» , 0 8 1-4 Si* -r ;eni (net amount) 87-! Wavy do. do. 87 Three, per Cent, do. s ' Uoforred, . do. 8;i BANK Utiited States, do 34" ■ 1 Pennfylvaßia, do. 16 . ' . . North America, do. 48 Infuran«e cojnp N. V. iharis 10 per cent, be low par 3 lhares, ar per cent, adv, i urnpiKc "'harcv to per cent, nnder pat. "Bri.lge (Schuylkill) Stock,par. East-india Company ot N. A. 7 percent advance Warrants, jj Under the Salem head, several letters from Leghorn will be found. Far the Gazette of the UtfitED Statss. The Abolition of Debts. When- Agis; king of Spurts, obtained a vote t» cancel all debts due from one citizen to another 1 , and all' bonds, and cohtn«3s were accordingly committed to the flames ; Agcfilaiu, one of the Spartan p.itriors, who h >p[.ened at the fame tirtie to be much in debt, was so delighted with the fpeftacle, that he declared, be b<;d never seen sa fine and clear afire before. But, as might have been expe&edj the refillt was unfortunate to the community : a civil war broke out Toon after ; the imprudent young king loft his life in the con left ; and the artful Agefilaus got rid of his debts and bis creditors toge ther. How would some of the American patri ots rejoice to fee the.debts th*y owe to Bri tish' fubjt-fls cancelled in the fame inanuer ? Rather than mils of so great a boon, they would consent to have them converted into fiDoik, even by the blaze cf a war between the two countries. What failed in a firft at tempt, i V .ay succeed in a second. When liodilities took place bftween the British foldicry, ai d the inhabitants of Lexington in MalTachuft tts ; a certain zealot, who ha?i since been a governor, but who then wasjm infolveut tax-£»theier; on hearing the re port of the firft guns that were fired, declar ed exultimjly, that he had never seen so bright a day before. He was right i it was the norniug of anew and glorious re volution for him. In general, there are no men so a&ive in exciting either foreign or civil broils asthoftf who are deeply in debt. The reason is plain : mofl ot them are as void of moral honesty, as they are loud, and arogant, iti their pre teufions to public virtue. The patriot is one of the.mod convenient ma/ks in the world, to conceal a knave. If America fiiould be involved in hostilities with any foreign coun try, to defend a few such charafters. the go vernment will partake of the guilt, as well as disgrace, while a few artful rogues will run away with the game. It would be a problem in politics, that the fame people, who have fhidioufly avoided a war with one nation (from a proleffed love of peace J) though it fenned neceflary to pro tea their honor, and afTcrt their rights, fliould be eager to draw the sword ae;ain(l another, to avoid paying » jult and ancient arrearage ; if, we did not know that the former is a poor, arid the latter a rich nation, and that the debtors of the one, for the most part, are not the creditors' of the other, This may be cpnliflent enough with the mo rality of a democrat* but it is hardly recon cilable to national honor, or to found p >licy in a young commercial nation Pudet bn---while the real friends of the country were driving to evade a-danger,, on either fide equally deftr u£live, a tlx! to prei'erve Unimpaired the liberty, and with it, flie glo ry and happiness of the Western world. BL-flea as we are with a government of our choice, fecuriog to every individual an equal portion of social advantages, where no citizen can possess any exclusive privileges, and where oppre/fion can be known only by name, the spirit ot party (hould cease, and every individual (hould endeavour to contri bute all in his power to the general good. Equally indifferent to all foreign nations, we ought to remember, that.'we are not to jexpett, and that we certainly shall not re ceive from them any'favours, and that dif coHntenancing foreign influence of any and every kind, our feciliity •oepends upbn the efttibliflnnent jfinl firm fujUport of an Ame rican character. POITICAL. From tie BQSto Columbian Cent-net. THE JEFERSONIAD A', via THE hand nf t fat overruling providence, (the rxiftence ef which Mr Jefferfon's works have impli /ly denied) has been re peatedly and %nliy manifefted in the pub lic affairs of iit United States. It has been visible not 11 our astonishing furcefs in arms alone , f n.» man well acquainted with parties i i America, br-aufe, although it is fa!f-, it has drawn tN; line precifcly as the Federal party were by Jacobin s here. No man would derive any poflibl e advantage by the forgery—His political enemies dare,aot fabricate it, because they mull have known that both JefFerfon and Mazzei would contradid it and it would have raised him in public estimation as be ing the fubjeft of such a calumny. His fiends would not forge if mod certainly without his consent—Secondly, the Paris papers then under restraint would not have ventured to publish a falftiood againll their best friend in America. The Diredtnry would not bane permitteJ it. They would not fufFer Mr. Jeffei son, to be exposed by publilhing certain sentiments under his name urilefs thoy knew them to be bit, Thirdly, Mr. Mazzei was his intimate poli tical friend and correspondent ; he had re lidcd in Virginia many years and is said to have owned, or to have given the name of " MqutiieUo" to Mr, Jcflerfon's feat in. Virginia. Mr. Mazzei was really the au thor of the Re It" arches mentioned in the introduction.Tim work is now in this country.—lt therefore appears that such a letter might J frave been written, and Mazzei would certainly have denied it if it was not ; authentic. Fourthly.—h was very natural thai Mr. JefFerfon fhouicl writefuch'aletter. It will be remembered that this letter was written in 1796, when he wa« a Candidate for the Presidency. The objeft and fcopa of it is to represent Mr. Jeferfon as at the head of a Jlrong party in the United States, the moil numerous and the mod powerful though then dormant; a party that was about to a wake from its (lumbers, burst the " li lipu han ties" of government and imitate the Fren*|j example of embarking again on the 44 tcmpeftiibuj fca of liberty 1 It was intended as a hint that the aid and influence of, France was desirable, and it is accordingly interlarded with the cant phra seology of the ingraitude and injujice of A "it ica towards France : That this was the design of the letter may be inferred from the effefts, for France did direflly and open ly advocate, the ele£tion of JcfTerfon they retailed Adet at the MOMENT when the tleftion was to take place, and Adet in his public addrefsexprefsly dates that the elec tion of JefFerfon can alone heal the breach. Jtffcrfon did not however intend to have it publiflieel. He transmitted it to his bosom friend Mazzei, in trull that he would dif creetly coniunicatt it Jo the ©irefiory, but it was the ordtr of the day at that time, j that Jirfmilics (hk'd (fewj) secrets an-! the I ; • v ' almighty, ever merciful and kind to our Country, inclined the hearts of the Direst ory tu this extraordinaiy breach of confi dence. I hus almost by a miracle, we are in pof feflion of the views and wicked designs of a most abominaltl£fa£ion. I.aJUy, This let ter was charged upon Mr. Jifferfon in 1797, in language the 1 moll plain and with remarks the moji criminating. It was viewed by all men of all parties as the most imprudent and by all koncjl men, as the most scandalous de claration of political sentiments ever exhibi ted to the world, it was justly esteemed so infamous and so derogatory to the. dignity of Mr. Jefferfon's character, that aftmplefiib 7/cJental on his part would have refuted it. A declaration from Matzei would have ief cued Mr. Jeff:rfon from disgrace—but three years h.ive elapsed, and neither of them have undertaken to deny thesharge, or to corrtft any misrepresentations refpefting it. This in a court of law would amount to full proof, and if the culprit at the bar of the public, shall like Mr. JefTerfon, chiife to (land mute, we may fairly levive the common law doc trine, and fubjeft him to the " peine forte et dure" of public contempt. I have been thus mir.ute on this fubjeft of authenticity, not btcaufe I thought that any clouds or dark ness relied upon it, but because some Jaco bin writers relying on the indolence of the Federalists and the brevity of their memories, have had the intolerable impudence of late to dispute the credibility of the charge, and because I would wish, that a document so valuable as this should go to the publics with all the weight which its importance demands. Let us now advert to the > " • - LETTER. . _" Our political slate harh changed prodi giously since you left us. In place of that nolle love of liberty and of a Republican Govern ment which carried us triumphantly through the dangers of war, an anglo-monarchico ariftocratio party has arisen." Was there my fellow-citizens any thing ever deviled by man, so faTe and unfound ed ? Whore are the monarchical and arifto 'cratical party ? What are the meafuresjthey have pursued ? That sentiment might be with truth and juftiee.paraphrafed to the confufion of Mr. Jefferfan, " In place bf that noble lot* of true liberty, genuine Re ligion, and real Republican Government, a Gallican, revolutionary, atheistical, and dif organi2ing party has arisen." Mr. JefTer fon goes on ; " The avovvui object of- this party is to impose upon .us xhe substance. as they have long since given us the form of the British gov* rnment." 1 ■ I am extremejy at a loss which we'ought mod to admire, the folly or the falfhood of this sentence. It is falfe, because Mr. Jef ferfon a d all the world knows th-- Exh a3 of a Utter to a gentleman in ihit ti