The iiutjf j'tft ami federal frntinK- ti _ wtsichlW fbilovrtng ch co»t«ia render thrtfi worthy i.f rca.iMicaii* , Qfi—it is rrcolieilcd that tliey bait been pubiifhed in the paper* of ' <«» fit'' * A CHARGE Mtverrrl by Judge AMbEMOH, to the Grand Jury of ih» dijiriiJ t>f Hamilton, is the Territory forth of Ohio, at 03oh:r term, 1794. rPuhlilJied at their request. J Gtntlemen of the Grand fury, THE principles upon which the citizens of the United States entered into social rompafl, for the preferva tiori of their lives, their liberties, and their fortunes, are equally obligatory upon every citizen in tile Union. Those principle* comprehend all the duties r quired -in a frre and well regulated government; Mtuugfi thole duties a Cue obedience to the laws is considered the greateil-—for our law* are founded upon our. conftitutiun, which guaran- Uei the rights and privileges of every citizen. Hence it follows, that he «-ho deliberately opposes the laws, tap; the very foundation of government, in alk republican gofcerntnenu the autho rity of the tatfrs is derived from the peo ple ; wh ; cb lfc'hde'rs jt more immediately the dutyof citizens, not only to ohfeive the laws tiiemfclves, but as far as their infloence may extend, compel •bfervat ce of them in others; for the tranfgrcflion of the law by any one or more citizens, is a cfitfle again ft every Ciember of society, for whose benefit the laws aie made. All republican governtrtents are form ed for the h;:ppinefs of the people— and if the citizens of the United States are not as happy under their present fjrm of government, as falls to the lot cf mortals, the fault mutt be in them selves, and not in government: for it is universally admitted, that the present form of government within the United States, is as nearly perfed as could be formed by human wisdom—it is the ad miration of the world. But perse& as it is. it will require a ftrift and steady adherence to its firft principles, to ren der it permanent; and a due obedience to its laws to render it refpeflable. The eonfequence, and I may add the dignity of government, depends upon the sup port of its conftitutiun and its laws. If either are infringed with impunity, the government soon grows contemptible, and the citizens become disorderly. Hence it is indispensably neceflary that every crime against the constitution and the laws should be punished in an exata plary manner; and it is through you alone, gentlemen, that the law can be made efft£lually to operate againfl those who either wantonly or .vickedly trauf grefs its precepts. In a republican government the citi zens generally expect more indulgence than is confident with its principles ; but every citizen ought to know, that, on e/tering into society, we aie neces sitated to iubmit to some reflraints, to forego some natural rights, in order to fecuie certain privileges and benefits, on which depends all our happiness: For there could not be a more ineligible Situ ation, than that every man's will should be his rule of action, or that the will of the minority should be submitted te by the majority ; soT this would be fubvcrfive of the principles of our go- ] exigence. If then, gentlemen, we mean to live in fotial compact—if we mean to fuppnrt oui constitution and preserve our mutual happinels, we must not only submit to the laws onrfelves, but we must use our utmofl endeavour to fnp port them. If we do not, we may go on from small indulgences to greater, until by habit, the cuieens acquire, as they conceive, a right to aft independ ent of law and government, and at length set them both at defiance. Con fidence in the general government an adherence to the principle* of the-con fiitution—and a cut obfei vance of it* laws, are the true charaftcriftics of a good citizen Having pointed out these duties, which I consider incumbent upon every citizen, I will call your attention more immediately to consider the local fixa tion and hippinefs of this country. One great source ps inquietude ; and which hasvery muchaffiftedthecitizens of thi» Territory, is our peculiar situa tion with refpeft to the Indian nations. Tliat jotne of those nations are faithlefs, is a truth well known. But that there are t»eatie» existing between them and the United States is alio known—That those treaties have been infringed on the part of the Indians, cannot be denied ; But United States have ntverthelcfs froA nec#R»ry motives of policy, confi derei those treati.% as obligatory on their part; «»d the principle* of ■> cwi'ft'tnrJm, vStcli rettj Co»gr»-fs, «re a-e H as good citizci.j to act ia From rhe ohfervation which I have luj an opportunity of making, upon the ci'ndiifl and disposition of the citi zens of thit gftcrntucm, I feel confi dent, tint it i» alraoll eveVy man's wif.i to prrferve peace and order therein— and I think you will agree with me, whatever, but that of fclf-prefervation, can possibly jutlify any infringement of, or deviation from the law. The late pumftnnent of the Creek Indian, for the murder of I Hi, must (hew the determination of government, when the guilty cart be fgund : Tbert let me most earnestly advise you, dot to such a line of conduct, will infore tc the people of this Territory, the affec tion of the geneial government, and in duce her to extend with more ample hand, her kind protection to her fuffer To obfcrvc this line of conduct we i iiave other strong inducements; the upper Cherokees are now our friends— ; And permit me to ask you, Is it not our interest, our duty, to prefenre and cultivate that friendfhip ? They are a barrier between usand the hostile Creeks, and if managed with good policy, pru dence and discretion, may long remain. . so: But (hould any citizeif be so hardy, as to over leap the bounds of duty, and in defiance of the laws, unwarrantably attack the friendly Cherokees, this Ter ritory will not only be involved in a war with them, but the whole frontier will be again exposed to the wanton depre dations cf the perfidious and barbarous Creeks. Upoa ourselves, it now depends, whe ther to choose peace or war; 1 am au thorised to fay, that even John Watts (who has hitherto considered himfelf se cure from attacks) has sent in peace talks; the probability, therefore, is, that a peace may now take place, if the prudence of our own citizens will afford Watts an opportunity of availing him felf of his present pacific disposition; And it is what we ought earnestly to defire—-for peace with the Indians will focure the settlement and happiness of this country ; and to your own experi ence I appeal, whether war will not des troy it. In full confidence, that you will by precept and example endeavour to preserve good order in the govern ment, I commend you to your duty, and the author of all out earthly happi ness. To tht Honourable the Judget of the Ter ritory of the United States of Ameri cafouth of the river Ohio. Hamilton DiflriO, 03. 22, 1794. THE Grand Jurors for the Diftrift of Hamilton requcft, that for the good of the community, the address deliver ed by hit Honor, Judge Campbell, on dismissing the Jury, be inserted in the Knoxville Gazette. JOHN M'NABB, Foreman. THE ADDRESS. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, AFTER a long feflion, we hare R nifhed the bulinefs which came before us, permit me to assure you, that your ealt exccpuoij.bie. framfoch a connraJL !td Same peopl. oppo.e the execution of ccn6lfcred wh etber the t:.m of govern :aufe for doirj "so, and lead astray the ideas and pra, hostile to all our ideas of Social order. It: reutlemen, ha.e heard the laws explain- France idea, of government prevail «hsr„ ;d ; vi>u havefeen the guilt v brought to -ouldbyr.o u.c.u lu.t our prefmt cir . I T.'-. ru r cumftances and practice. from too uiti suniihment urder the authority of those mate snd dt)le a concccl ; on Great . aws, and, doubtless, you find them ve- Britain, monarchy and ardtccracy might ry salutary t3 this country. Ind«ed, possibly be introduced arr.ongft us t&the unless the laws are faithfully observed fubveriion of our present happy r^jL cannot long exilt. Gene- lican conftitulionand laws. Prom too inti ral laws, as has often been observed by ,n -" e ?nd c, * n naiou wit a Fiance, thi civilians, may sometimes bear hard on d °* r:ne , s °* Liberty and Equality .nigh receive luch a* extenfioh ainoneft us, : local interest; but it is a maxim in go- to! emler and the fomhcrl f ftlte . ( rernment, t.iat the minority must ac- America, for ages, theTcene of that ho rede to the voice of the msj->r.; . rid anarchy, devastation an i maflcr. Good citizens will not be always influ- which have of late deilroyed of th enced by felfifh views ; they will take most flourilhing colonics in tne Frenc, into consideration the good of the whole I " die s' nd from the neighborhco. community. Be not suspicions that <:olon,« to us, and th. fimilituc, ■i ' . si i •r • °* owrlituatjon to their s, let us a& with your rights or privileges will be infnn- all the and caution in our power; ged. lou have the united wisdom of ft may not now be possible to ward of] Congress to consult your interelts ; you completely the calamities, which have o have also the wisdom of the Pfclident ; verwhelmed those devoted iilands. In A and events have discovered that a wiser merica, we have refined on the old systems and more upright man than the Piefi- °[ re F ,jbl '^ n government by extending dent of the United States of America, reprefetfitoon, and con r, . ' nding the legiflatire as well as the execu never presided over any government.— tivf pcv , ers> t „ officcrs chp fi- n p , r J ot2 i -al lhe excite law ianCtioned by a ly by the free fuffrages of the people, and great majority in Congress. The Pre- ir» a manner to feeure the molt complete lident, who guards your interests as a responsibility. Nothing like privileged father does that of "his children, appro- orders ex ' lft amongst us ; and we have vea of that law ; and you will doubt- a , v ° idcd '" vin g foundation on less, then fuW to it' with a willing mind, nOkWitliftanamg the oppohtion it the moll unexampled success; and the has met "With" from fame ill informed people of America present to the eves of people in our filler dates. mankind a fpeaacie of liappviels' and country with refptdf to Indian aifairs : bcflc '< Sl) d is moll honorable, we particular Mero diKi-iS, which is coni owe it to ourtelvtt, and not to the advke tlnrfyi.fc.M b»„ r ,„di„ B lavages. Ixt mrs ttll you better times Udcil corisedUon witfc any foreign nation, are felt approiKhiflg. The annu los Aiper:6r in power, and diuiroiiar in ?li the the United States, and the particular • circumftacces of government, laws, man detachments from* thi* Territory, have j ner * J nd Customs, we, undoubtc.'iy, ha been tenibly fucccfsl'ul against the In- , ' " !tfaret y a.idpurity o' our oven con dians this summer. You have been for> ' , vhich ,!i r, ... . I nappien experience has tanght us to he well nipported by government in your adequate to all the cficnthl objeSs of fo detenu ve operations. If that will not ciety. We rot only hazcri o'ur prefer.; prove effectual to secure the lives and frfe and just govcernment, die rtioft pre properties of the citizens, I am sure of- cious boon-ever given by the God of nati fenfive measures will soon be adopted by " the national government. Let me recal another circumllance to your attention. The Cherokees are becoming very much divided among themfelvei; some of them continue ene mies ; some of them are warm friends. Let not individuals fruftrate the opera tions of government on this importan l I business. Permit me, gentlemen, before I dif ' charge you, to recommend to your par ticular attention, the oonftttntion of the United States ; read it by day, read it by night; it is the lupreme law of the land—it is the guardian of your liber ties. When you entered into the so- Jcmn compact by your representatives in convention, which was again recognized by the people, you solemnly engaged to support the constitution and all con stitutional laws. Can you recede from this engagement individually ? No. You may retra& your obligations, by withdrawing yonrfelves out of the li mits of the United States 5 but when within her jurifdiefcion, you must submit to her laws. If you are evw ruined in this happy country it will be thro the folly and per verfenefs of some defignifcg and wicked men, who may lead you to oppose the laws fiQtn feme Oniftpr View?. What m«re (hall 1 (ay to ywu gentlemen i In deed to you I would not have said so much : for you are already acquainted with the force of my observations : but I (peak to the people ?t large, to the uninformed, and to the difurderly. You have got a charafier of orderly citizens ; keep it ; a charafler is as ne cessary to a people as to an individual. Let me repeat, the chara&er of a peo ple it as delicate as the ,«:harafler of a lady j if it is once loft, it is hard to re cover again. From tie Firgir.ia Gazette. MARCELLUS. No. IV. A just review, then, of our fituaticn, must teach the impoCibility of maiatain ing our preftnt independence, anil the eftabliihed order of our country, without some alliance in Europe or America. A combination witb Jterce fuSlTu-cn (hates would rather diminifti than add to our strength and fafety. For those dates would more frequently need our aiSftance, than be able to 1 un..fL us with (uccour.— Whether, therefore, (landing Angle or combined with the three fcuthern flares, our happmefs, and ftftev require, that we (hould have either in Europe or Ame rica, alliances adequate to their defence. I f we refcrt to Europe, there are but two nations to which wt can apply—France and Great Britain ; and til- power of either is so great compared to ours, that an intimate political connexion with e:ther could not failtoreniicr us » i J jwfvviiuifVlll) Ult UIUU jJiC* . j cious boon ever given by the God of nati . J ons to any people ; bat we hazard ail the j txpences and misfortunes inc.dent to Eu j rapeari quarrels, from which we should 1 keep ourselves as detached, Hwe are wide : I y leparared by nature. j I have stated that Virginia e*ifr it . an- independent nation, either byitfelf or combined with thi three southern states.— j To whit his been offered liothrKg neeefbe , added t6 demonstrate this portion; and j nothing also need be added ro prt ve the | impropriety of any close polifk ai con nee - ■ , tion with any of the great powers of Eu ■ i ro pe> particularly Frante aikl Gr.at Bri tain. Wall whom tinni ou,ih; that alliance and union fe neceiiary tG the maintenance of our independence and prosperity. This we have alreadv difco ver»d and are daily experiencing tre great est benefits from the discovery. Our na tural allies are the northern and states. By cultivating this union* we have ftrenght to resist foreign attack? and to quell domestic tumults. From this eon- ' new a prejudice exilts in the minda of fomr of my countrymen apainft our eatieni brethren. I tkev have been ftigniatized with the odious name Ariflocrat. But fadh prove that such an imputation, must be the effeift of the strongest ignorance, the moil infatuated prejudice, or the most, unprincipled dilre gard to truth. No political maxim is more true than than it is nectlTary to the mainte nance of a free JJDvernmect, that the peo ple ihould be w ell' informed. Let us go into that pait of the United States diftiu guiihed by ;he name of New-England, and when did there exist a people by whom so much care was taken to i'uorm the loci ety ; particularly in Conncdiicut and Kaf fachuietts. There are fcbools lpread o ver the country, and teaclcrs provided at the public exper.ee ; and ill the citizens are obliged to fend their cluioren to these schools for inftniflion.' "she rich and the poor aremingled in one- undiftirgtiilhed mate and nothing like diftinftior. it permuted or countenanced. There the rramjtrs of the people profrribe every thir.glike foli citatiou for public offices', a.id tKe-n oft ef fectual way which a_perHui tai" tc prevent his ekdiien, is to aft for a vote or to offer hitnfelf a candidate. There pro perty is so equally divided, that few arc ve ry rich and fewer very poor ; but every person peffeffes enough wi.h tndiftry :obe independent- There nothing likeperit-nal ftavery exists. In fint the:: moral ay hat grown into an rniverfal habit, ard the meek and holy duties prei'cribed l.y the Chrift'an rligion, arefairhfu.'ly and p. u ly obfcrved. Is there aav thing like A:-i tocracy in this deferprtor ? Can any per- j ion seriously think, that from cur coanec- { ion witfe th\ people, narchic and*r^M t fcprj B rV le . Vd"? •ve not rather to regard it as tl* J J? i -f the purest republican virtues, r " « lll « aoft effccluai r ?ort« g our preient fcb,nk. ini - ai S 1. nets ? Vf • ; marcellus. - - • n ——u»— ; Fore gn Intelligence. London. STATE PAPER letter. From '.he Magistrates of Geneva to ib e Magifiratis of Franciforf A rumour has been spread tJitwt.fi out our city, which gives muc h unw . Imcfs to our fellow citizens, and in >. ar . ticular to the merchants who |.ccuent the fain of Franckfort: it is, they are henceforth to be excised from them, in such a manner, that they /hall not enjoy,' as heretofore, the liberty of making purchsfcs. Wewifh to persuade ourselves, that this report is totally destitute of fonn. ostion; we cannot, indeed, gucf» what motives could have determined your Lordships to adopt a measure »- gainst the Genevefe, v.hich \ou hare never enforced but against fix individu als of a nation with whom you may happen to be at war, or :hof' perfunt whose proceedings are lik ly tc ' e i e . pugnant tn jufticc and public order. If the city of Geneva cotnot q;iote in it* own favour the services reeled to the city of Franckfort, it tr.ay at least truly r.ffirm that .'t has never dore airy thing which could be oonfidficd by your aft of hostility. The effects of the conimotions which have lardy taken place among uj, have been entirely confined to the walls nf our city ; they are not of * nature tr> alter our external connexions, and ftii Ikfs our political ones. Geneva is Hill a free and indepe<>dert j City, .whose revolutions a e in new fe J affected by any foreign power. The , object of the rcri:lution, which t ?s laty ! ly taken place, was never, as ha* beer, 1 pretended, to bring it under the domi ; nion ot the French, hut to execute jus tice on the internal enemies of our independence and our conllitu.ion. The Government, filth as k was . constituted during the lad spring, by Our Sovereign Assembly, and such as it was recognized by eur ancient and faithful A'iies, the worthv Carrions of Zurhjh and Berne, has been preferred j within the ordinary boundaries. ! The extraordinary -;. uics which have been adopted "or of ety, and will ceaft so fo£>i. t.■ -cffiry ar rangeme. ifc.-rp- -iu. no ure com motions fhaHhse- 'yagjeed , upon. There ; herefore exist any thing amcng i, which can determine your Lordi :;>s \ ei to bieak, pr fnf pend the cofflßnenvil tmneftions bet ween our two cities, wvjch cannot i but contribute to their nsuutal prof ; i'y* Tlie protection with w'.ich vour i Lordships have constantly honour <1 those of our fellow citizens, who fre quent the City of Franckfort, and for which v e bcfeech you to receive our lincere tha.-ks, affords u» room to hope that you will give a favourable recepti on to the prrfent letter : and that voil will continue yetirbeneFcencc, as wch :n regard to our city, as to thi.fe of o.ir fellow citizens, wl ofe affairs may in duce them to sojourn at Franckfort. We beg your Lordships to be per suaded, that we shall not or : t any oc casion, to give the r, H .Tei-wd tef timoi.ies of car devotion Jtcu affift ion. The'Syriiicf, aful'Cotmcu if the Republic cf GrnrtH. Geneva, Sept. 9, 1794. - 4 UNITED STATES. RUTLAND, (Vcr.) Dec. 8. The increafifig prefperity of this State mult aHoiu ultiUre to ail tr>e friends of human hsppinefs. Io the year J;8l, the rateable property of the . whole jiate amounted to bu: one hun dr.-d and forty-nine thnufand hun dred and foriy.two pounds feventeeu thiilir.gs and fix per.ee. At ibe re turn rr.zde to the aflcm'-iy this fl fall, the gra.*} Hi' was fur hundred and •.hfitb- ifve" hundred and /orty-oiie pounds th'rtee:: -.ltarlv- four tire* the vsh'e :>r " ratea bi tv'h» yers apo—l '"•"'P* J? ' effect of induUry economy, and -n*. . i ■ 25