m •* v UNITED STATES. KEW YORK, November 8. Rtvolution in France. [continued.] I hare said ill the preceding papei, that ill France there is no standard or political right and -wrong—patriot aod traitor are indefinite teims, which mean any thing that the populace can be made 10 bs-litve. He who can " ride in the whirlwind and direst the storm," —he who can guide the movements of the populace is the patriot of the day.—He woo is deserted by the popu lace, too fur no fault but his iutegrity or an error in judgment, i« inftantlv crushed and execrated as a traitoc. The reason of this it, these is no fix ed fbrm of government in France, the rnuftitutioii has been suspended by an ■ct of the convention, and Fnaace is now filbjedt to what they call a Revo lutionary Government; that U, an ar bitrary government, a variable govern ment) changing pro rc nata and taking any form that may suit existing circum itaiicesi This in nature and eflence is precisely the facie as the despotic. go vernments of the Eatl. It is the very eflence of arbitralv government to have no fixed fwfc or principles. On the diflolution of monarchy, the Kational Convention (hculd have either formed a temporary government, with some fixed piiuciples, to conduct them thro' the revolution to the establishment 6T peace ; as the Pole! very wifely did ; <*> they Atcultl have followed the Ro maus ["whom they affect to imitate in ether things of little consequence J and appointed a dictator for a time to be limited to one or two y*itrs, or to the duration of the war, or to the expuliion o." the combined powers from their ter ritories. L'he Romans had recourse to this expedient in times of great public danger t and dreadful as the alternative insy appear, it is infinitely less dreadful, than the revolutionary government the French teforted to—a government ma naged by fereral hundred pet lons with equal powers—a government neceflarily producing all Iv.ids oi intrigue, faction, corruption, jeaioufy, crimes and mui der. Of >11 the kinds of government «tet attempted by man in Europe, Alia, Africa oi America, the revolutionary government, in Fiance was the wOrlt talculated to produce any good—the belt calculated to engender all manner of calamities and crimes. A convention of 6 or flqo men, without an executive or judiciary, and without • Senate tocontroulits proceed ings—a fing'e alTembly, compo'fed most ly of young unexperienced wen, who had no fixed principles or system toguide them, and many of them ambitious, aspiring and vifiouarf —this aflembly governed by a feleit club who prepared meafurei the night before' in the hall of the Jacobins, and hired a body of the populace to take feats in the galleries, ; and applaud one party and hiss down* another—a convention acting from the impulse of the moment, without order, and often without debate—a violent, ir regular, heterogeneous body—From fnch a let»iflatuie thus directed, and pressed with public danger, what system what orden, what wifdoin could be ex pected? What views, what disorders, what furious factions and multifarious calamities mult neceflarily flow from such A iotircc ? The fault is not in the men ; it is in the government. 1 will venture to declare that ninety nine of" all the men who Lave peri filed on the fcaffold io that ex tenfjve country, entered into the 1 evolu tion originally with spirit, zeal andfio cerity ; who had honell views, and were uever coirupted with gold. Some of tbcm became enemies to the revolution afterwards, because it wag conduced with too much violence and carried too far—but the greatest part of them v/ctc uever enemies to the revolution or to the nation—they were only obliged to take tides with contending factions, an those who happened to be with the unfuccefsful faction in opinion, fuffcred (he fate of their leaders. Nor were the lcadert of parties bad men, tyrants, traitors and cohfpirators against the nation. Mod of them were pursuing what they deemed the belt ineafures for the public good. Probably very few of them would have fuflered, had there been a constitution and fixed laws to have controlled the wills of the violent factious. La Fayette, Duaiouricr, Brufot, Damon and Robespierre, under fixed rules of proceedure and a fettled constitution of government, would have been as fafe at this moment, and their pertons as inviolable, as Mr. Pitt and Mi' Fox iu the commons of England, or aa Mr. Madison anil Mr. Smith, la the Lcgiflature of the Uniteo State*. Molt of the fillen 'Revolutionists in Prance have been v itlims, not to what our laws would make treason or crimes; not to any corruption of their heart*, but to faction. There being no law to. :heck otatrol and silence the violent parties in the convention, and it being mpofiible t.> carry raeafures into effect •villi two or nsjre faations, almost equal •xitting in th. convention at the -(ante time ; it w4i neceflary, after such facti- j ons had arifer., to take violent steps, and one party to faorilicc the other. But filch fadlioiis never can exifl where con- It it ut ion and law are fuprume. Tbey grow only ii a state without fixed prin-! i ipko of order and subordination ;or if ihey arise under good government, they j arc immediately suppressed 111 a regular 1 way, by the force ot law. Thus iii our Gongrrfs, the principles c/f <> jpofition are ;is fixed, ar.d aim.iit as violent as ever they Were in the conven tion of France : and one party has com mand of what is .called the populace ; that is, a body of men, many of t;ie ref peftabje good citizens in private hie ; and many of them a tlai's of transient people, tiplers and unprincipjtd nien, who are found and ealily collected for riotous purposes, in all large towns' Had thefc peop'e more ftretfgth,*, and were thitfy not overawed by the laws' of the country or perhaps had some Violent meafiues irritated them more at the mo ment, it is more than piobable that the lives of some sos our mod emi nent patriotic republicans, and hi nt fup portcts of our government, woukl last. winter have fallen a facrifice to the firry of this populace. Their property moil certainly would not have been fafe. Yet there is neither treason, no>* crimes, nor corruption to warrant any violence.' A mere difference of opinion, zealously and warmly maintained, is the only thing that makes one party oppose, per haps hate the other. These remarks /how the nature of the revolutionary government in France. It is composed. of violent fa&ions, always contending ; each driving forpower and determined to crush all opposition. j Mr.Pitt, ijireplyto Mr. Sheridan in the ! house of Commons last July, said explicit- I It that the object of the wai was the • ei ■ Urpation ofjacobinifm,' the combinedpow | irs certainly might have saved themfefves 1 all this trouble and expense ; for Jacpiii i nifmor club government ii rapidly cm nig itielf in France ; and if it cannot cere iu 11 foreign nations can never cure it. The ' truth is, the variety of famous which the ' present government of Fr.iu-c has ori c;mjt ■ ed,and which it will continue :o originate will he iound toproducenot only the orcii ! naryevilsof afree government,hutdefpo tifmin every varietyoffhape. Nogovcr. ■ • mcnt tan secure freedom one hour,unlefs > • ' 1.8 proceedings aTe cond.ifted !,y fixed li : rules and with deliberation: . - dnofucli its ! rules can ever be eftabhfl.ed, until the ' otR j legislative body is set totally above the mcm . influence of a furroundinj? populace.— „■ o i_ i n • ■ 1 mi . <• on thai. j ouch alegiflativebody Will not loon bt Man,' j fouud in France. The populace havi Tallien s . | th utorife tiyiy j Wygfh [privilege ot hiding atid ciappin- the-1 was then proj no easy mattes to silence them. It is J 3 very certain at this moment, that r a ,c "P'°f\ convention are so much overawed by the government > \ \L\ t«d ut ifatg-'' ate bring forward a decree foriemo\iugtheir I '.ioneii' A feffiow from Paris. Jp is relac The Revolution was a glorious thin| is •>—and mult ultimately prove a blessing . WUtiaittecs. ItK to all Europe. But the government o»' ° or( jJ r of the fjrltfcce u eoeattaHy wroog,and it mu v Tretllarf hi-t* continue to produce every fpecics of in- tee of public f ternal confuhou and difordet. Severe "hat morning experience and itreamsof innocent blood mof the will, after a long time, teach the French 'capture nation and all the world, that govern- r rtient by clubs, little felf created arifto- V cittcics, and by ii regular collections of the populace, is the moll tyrannical despotism ever exercised over men ; and that freedom rells alone on the broac balls of a free independent legislature. PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 13. LATEST Intcrejlitig Intelligence, /rem Papers Irought by the San/am. NATIONAL CONVENTION, nth Frudidor—Aug. aB. Tallien.—" What is the 1 evolutionary government ? I do not understand by the revolutionary government the prolongati on of a system of infurre&ion, but a go vernment which cart make itfelf dreadroi to its enemies, it the time it is beloved by the people, must call to the remembrance of this a dumbly the scenes of horror of which France was the theatre under the tyranny of Kobcfpierre j they were the offspring of a system of terror, a fyf teiu which must at Uft be replaced by piflice. I projofc that the Coat«miort .fliould diercc. Ift. Thit.it Us Resolved to maintainthe revolutionary government. id. That tie meeting of the primary afleminits is heceiiarily dcftru&iv'e of thil government, and that all good citizen» •ujrht to diftrufl thofc Who desire their ccu- Voi.HioU. 3d. That the system of terror is tyran riieil. 4th. That the prosecution of authors for pufclifhing tjieir opinion is tyrannical Lifibt. " V/ithou doabt that phi'.o fophy ii amiibl?, whi'i' yi Hi"' only for tH< feign of juftiee ; bat those, who wiih notv that the fyfteni of terror should he proscribed, are tin. fiffie who formerly tnotai '."'at terror. ftiould be the order of day. They iptufc 0. iuflicc —,Ve too wiih forjufKce : but ju'tice is nothing nloh: than the mode of judging of aclion ; and (bail we put ah er.jto thoTe meaiures of general precaution I* l '.vhich France tiweo its fucceftj artdevciijti rxilidnce I " In ahcioijt republics viitriotil tiien were fen; into exile j itid.ffial! the i-tciluh Re public not fret itlel. < { (hok dangerous T",c;i vv'rio have di'iinU in Afii th'eif lilrtn, j'lis.ciplci the molt hoiltlc to_ erjuatisy ( ? I niove t.iat Tallinn's fjicutf be piitmSjfr.St the errors which ii.coataifls may be refl<- ed; but I tfte've the aJjouriiiiici/t of inc tlecrite which he proposed. - T'hnridt: " I oppose both the print-. I ing and the adjournment. The speech of TallieU would hive obtained every fuf : had he fii? courage to make it si* months Ago. We are now far removed frifJti, the tyranny of Robespierre, and the wholc_ convention, in overthrowing that tyrSfrft; htfd Ho intention of f>.bilhutihga nother: AH of us who are here are the tritntf. of liberty, and our only delire is to proceed in confirming it. " ( The members here all arose up as aflua'ted with one impulse, and manifeftcs amidst the budeft appiaufes of the tri bunes, that fnch was its unalterable deter-, ruination.) Without doubt the speech of Tallien proceeds frtfm a goo J intention, but it re flects no honor on his fygacity. " Why, when We have buried Wfraqny in the grave of the triumvirs, frottkl wc wiih to recall such melancholly rcmerjfcrances ? It is the only means of rekindling factions ; and we are far from approving any such odious plan. Tallien requires from 'Us definiti ons j they exifl i;f tbi law. which yoa have proclaimed/ All the world well knows tnat th'-e revolutionary government dy what means could it haveeftabEfned itfdf? Have you not divided authority among ths different crunmitt.es ? It is no longer, the fame hand that at the jiiinjftijrie gorerns the finances, and adtuatis the civil and mi litary powers: every committee moves in its prefevibed circle, and the- convention a lone ex;rcifes the revolutionary govern ment, I therefore move the order of the day, both on the qucftion of printing, and on thai of the adjonrnmcn:. Man/ meirtbirs, however, infilled oil Tallin's fpe?cli beifte: printed ; it was at reed. The order of the day r>pi)f-d on the plan itfelf. " oppt>.'"ed it. i; de Jontenay. " What is propo:es to you, but to aiTert I maintain the revolutionary A declaration that is ufclefs lave already raofl; solemnly Another part ox" the propo tive to the liberty of the prels; 11 is already referred to -jtir I therefore support the order er of the day was decreed. 1) in the name oi the commit tee of public fafety, announced, that he that morning received, through-the medi um of the Telegraphe, the news of the recapture of Valenciennes. [Loud ap plaufss ruounded through every part of the hall. 2 The committee had not yet re ceived the details ; he no tibt, how ever, but that they would foou ai rjve by a courier. I ' CAPITULATION or SLUYS. The Gen. commanding the fortref* ofSluvs, propofci-io the Gtneral of the French troops to furi aider tile garnfor on the following terms: Art. I. The ganif.m fball march out in 4 hours after the (lgning of the ca pitulation, with all the honours of war 5 with their camp equipage and baggage, and (hall take the route they please to the United Provinces. The French General (hall furnifh the neceflarv con veyance for the removal -4 the lick. ■ Anf. The garrilon (hail march out in 48 licurs after the capitulation is signed, by Zudport, with the honors of war, as a testimony of the gallant defence they have made; they (hall lay down their arms after having pafled the slui ces; (hall be condu&ed, as prisoners of war, and fenj to such place as the Re public lhall appoint; the officeia and foldicis (hall retain their baggage. 11. The Gck who remain, (hall be •maintained and cured at tk« expeoce of the state ; they (hall afterwards be fur- , nifhcd witb the necessary pafTports fjr the purpose of rejoining their regiments. Cotnmiflaries {hall be appointed to re gulate this article. Anf. As foou as the sick are cured they shall follow the fate of the garrison. 111. The artillery, magazines, and arsenals (hall be surrendered, after the j necessary delay, by commifiai.'es ap pointed on each fide. Anf. After the capitulation is sign ed, commifiaries shall enter the place for the purpose of receiving from the commissaries of the garrison, the artille ry, military magazine*, and every thing belonging to the fortifications. IV. The inhabitants shall not be mo lested on account of their private opinions, 'nions, or of the conduct which they have adopted. Anf. Granted. r -, ]■■■■ ■: i§S t/tldj& lervants who are not foldkw, Iwll.bc permitted to retire to their oVrn cojitL(y..., Paflpoijfs ftullbejjtdt&ed jb tbfrtl. , ...The fciTa<ftwdfrrc malo with iWffpafter*.' , \ Anf. Granted. . . , yil, The commiffafies on each fide fti'ali little the number of carriages lie ceffary for the removal of the sick afld the effedls of the gan ifon.' Anf. Granted. VIII. The fame commissaries (hall also fettle the number of surgeons necef faiy to be left .vith the lick who remain at Sluys, and of those who are to ac company the garrilbn. Anf. Granted. IX. The officers who are convalelcent (hall keep their hoi fes—the general shall also retain with him such officer as he may feleift. Anf. Granted. SEPARATE ARTICLE. The emigrants will not be permitted 'o eapiuihte. .1 'sfc&pt the ftfoppfitiboii qtade is, rae. : ' //. Sluys, Augufl 29. • (SijrneJ) Major Gen. V an der Duih. Htad-QuaKers a: Afdcnburgh, 8 I'ruftidor, 2d year of the . Republic. Mo&sau, Gen. of the division. CAPITULATION of VALEN- CIIiNHES,. /, IN THE MAKE OF THE FRENCH RE- PUBLIC. i - J » Art. I. The gatrifon of Valencien nes (hall furrrnder prisoners of war, and march out with all the honours of war : being arrived 011 the glacis of the gate of Mons, they (hall lay down their anns, and i:i 4.8 hours after the signing of the present capitulation, they (hall be con dadted with an escort to the firft post of the Imperial and Dutch armies. 11. Hie garrison (hall give their pa role not to agsinft the Fiench ar my, till the said garrison (hall be exchan ged with equality of numbers, and e qUality ofraak. 111. As soon as the present capitu lation be figtied, the troops of the he -1 public (hall take pofftfiwa of the Mons } a;id Tournay gates, a; each of which [ (hall be polled a battalion of grenadiers. IV. All the ciT.-cto beloi iging to the j emperor or the such as artille- I ry, ammunition and pioviiions, maga zines of all kinds, money, papers, memo rials, plans, indrurtions relative to the fortiiicatLnsand mines, /hallbe faithful, ly Gtl.vercd and explained to the troops oi'the republic, without thelealt refervc. V. To tUat end an officer of engi neers, one of artillery, a war commi(fa ry, anda ttaff-officer (hall be chofeu, to whom the above mentioned articles (hall te faithfully delivered. VI. The whole gsrrifon (hall retain their baggage, and. the necefiary horses Ml be furnifhed them for transporting the fame. VII. All the emigrants and jeferters (hall be delivered up to the troops of the Republic. VIII. The garrison of Valenciennes (hall be victualled until the?* arrival at* their refpeClive advanced polls. IX. Till the moment of the depar ture of the gairifon, no one, whether militaiy 01 burgher, (hall be allowed to go out o( the (ortrefs, excepting the of .jcers employed in making the invento liesof the articles contained in the for trefs. The (ick and wounded of the dif ferent, corps in the garrison (hall be treat *d and atltrtded with the knavri: hma* nity of the French nation, and as as they (hall be cured, they {hall be con duced to the advanced posts of the ar mies to which they belong, they con' forming themfehes to the atticlci of capitulation, and waggons (hall be f ur . nifhed for such is can immediately fol low their corps. Head quarters, before Valencienntj, 27th Augult, the second year French Republic, one and indivifiblc. * - ADDITIONAL ARTICLES. I. The magillrates having been o bliged to accept the posts with which they have been inverted iince the old magillrates left the city, and having ul> ways condudted therafelves well to what concerned the public welfare, snail be in no wife niolcfted, no mure than the peaceable inhabitants, and they be kft to the enjoyment of their p ro . perties. Answer. This article, not being of a military competency, (hall be referred to the representatives of the people, wTio will take it into confideratiou, and will ordain as juflice requires. 11. The inhabitants, who .For foiae months have abandoned the town thro fear, (hall be at liberty to return within the term of (ix months, and in the meaa time their goods, furniture, and effects, (hall remain under the fafe-ruard ofthe law, and their friends, housekeepers or serv ants, who (hall have the guard of them. Answer, Referred to the dfcifioa of the rjprefmtatives of the people. IH» The guarantee of the quiet pof. fc(Tton to every one of their property, moveable and immoveable efFefts. IV. The debts contracted by the gairifia:) (hall be paid by his majesty the emperor as soon as poflible, con formably to the' proclamation to that effedt; figncd by General Van CammcJ. ler, commander of the garrison, audiLe war commissary, Lukfwal. The general commanding the army of the French rep;) 'ic expe£U that ge neral Van Cairm.licr (hall employ his endeavours to obtain a speedy payment of the said debts. .Laltly, That the garrison (hall march out of the furtrefs on Saturday the "Oth of August, between eight and nine in the morning. WbUDRICHEM, Sept. 13. On Thursday a strong French pa trols, of about '>ochem. By private letters we learn, that the headquarters of the French, which were at Oofterhout, have been remov ed from thence towards the vicinity of Bois-le-duc. BOIS LE UUC, Sept. 8. The Hereditary Priucc of Orange, the Austrian General Beaulieu, and the Duke of York held a conference in tilts town, relative to the new treaty con cluded between the courts of Vienna and London, according to which the Austrian army, now under Geneial Clairfayt, is to aft at the pleasure of the maritime powers. The llrength of the French army in the l ow countries is said to be as fol io** 15,000 naeu near Breda, 15,000 near Bois-le-Duc, 30, O-' under Gen. Pichegru near Nimeguen, 70,6 6 under General Jourdan near Maeftricht. Ihe Flench expect moreover a reinforcement of >c,ooi men, MANHEIM, Sept. 5. On tljie Ift inllant a grand council of war was field at the lunik 1 of. Baron de Belderbufch, Governor of tf«is city- It was attended by several Austrian and Palatine Generals, and is thought to have related to the passage at 1 ofs the Rhine, which is to be immediately ef fected. For this purpofc there art great movements in the AuUrian army ; and a great nuulber of t loops are already palling down the Rhine. Several corps had reached the.vicini ty of this city ; at the fame time tbat