NOT I C E; •
IS Hereby given to all perlbns, imereft
»d in the cafe» of British c*|>< ures, that
Mr. Samuel Bayard, of the City of Phila
delphia, ii appointed to proc.-ed to Lon
don, ai agent of claims and appeal-, : tUat
the merchants of Philadelphia, whose pro
perty has b.*en condemned, have a;>p >"-t
---ed a comhiittee, confiding of ltivmas
TiteTimon', James Y»rH, StjJlitn Gvatd,.
James Olden arfd J Miueni-ki£r, to to.iter
otcafionally with The Secretary of Stair '
That copies of the Jets) havi
palled between the Committee a d the S
cr<tar>, arc tuifmittei to the icvera
Collectors tn the United Spates, lor the in
fj>e<sion «.f all c mcerned : That the IP in
lnit'ee wftj ;.di>pi nieartrrfs lor pio.-yVuij
the records vet wantdig : . Ami will ntcji
into the pii'pc coi refpondenci *i" tbe V
nit«d Stater, «rd in th-Wetl I 'die*.
The ai?p£>in nienl: of, a conim itce wa'.
at the define of the Secretary ot Mjt«*,frfr
the convenifncy of perfiint at a dicta et.
But any letters upon tins fubjett arc (til!
to be add e(T si to I) m
Nov. 7 €
Old American Company.
STREET.
For the Benefit of Messrs.
Munto and Solomons.
THIS EVENING,
No-vrtnbrr 7.
Will be Piefented,
A PLAY, in three atls, rf< ver performed
in tliis Theatre, called
Days of Old;
O R.
The Battle of Hexham.
Jnterfperfed with Songs, Choruies, See,
With Alitra'ions by Mr. Bodgkinfsn.
After die Play, will he delivered an Ad
dress written by a Citizen of the United
States, called the THREE RfiASONS
by Ms. olomons and Mr. Munto.
After which a Masonic Song, i l character
of a Miller Mafon,by Brather Solomon
with the chorus, by Brothers Carr, Mar
. tin, Wools, Richards, Prigmore and
fiarwtck. i
After wh/'di the favourite Song of the
WAXEN DQLL, by Wife Solomon.
_7*C> itfhicl) will, be added,
A COMEDY, in two a<£ls called,
The Citizen*
The doors wfll be opened a: half after
five,and curtain JJntwttVjp precisely at
half after fix o'clock.
Places In tflc Boxes may be had at the
Box Office, from ten to one every day
£ Sundays except£d) and on days of per
formance from three t6 five P. M. where
aifo tickets may be had, and at Mr. Brad
ford*! book ltore, No. 8, fonth Front
street, and at Mr. Qarr's nfrufic-ftore.
Mefl'rs. HALLAM & HODOKINSON
*efpei£lful!y acquaint the Cifizens in gene
ral, that every expence has been cliearful
ly sustained. that might tend to make the
btd Ameritan Company, worthy a rfiare o
their patronage, during the fhork (lay the
nature of their engagements will permit
them to make here.
Fbr the Benefit of Mrs. Millef
Mrs. Hamilton, and Mt.
Ryan.
On MONDAY EVENING,
Nov. 10.
Will be prifented,
A Serious OPERA, never performed
here but once, called
TAMMANT;
O R,
America Dilcovered.
With mvr Drelies, Music, Scenery,.&c.
In *<ft 3d a Grand fndian DANCE con
dueled by Murif. Quenct, in the course
cf which will te introduced a Scalp
Dance by Mefirs. Miller and Durang
Between the Play and Farce, the favorite
, Epilogue of .
Belles have at Ye All,
By-flfrs. -MetmdSi'. - ■
Afterward? Mr. Marriot, will.deliver the
DefariptSoik of an' Englifli Spo&tiig
Ciub.
To <a>hiib will be added,
A COMEDY, in two afls called
The True-born Jrifhman
Mrs. Melmoth and Mrs.
Pownall,
Refpeflfully infrrm their Friends and the
Public,
Their BENEFIT is fixed for
Wednesday next, Nov. 12.
On whichEvcning will beprefenttd
The Tragedy $f the
GAMESTER.
With a Muftia! Piece, called the
Wedding-Ring.
As performed in London, fifty nine fuc
teeding nights, with the most unbounded
applause.
Mrs. Melmoth will, for that night only
rente Colics Ode on the Paflioiis, 2nd
deliver an occasional Addrtfs written by
Other particulars will be ciprefled in
ike Bill* of the Theatre.
NoivPtc&in Eftland, who died In 172-4. 1
He hat\ left byhis. will a sum of 96,000 j
French livres, t< be employed, after the
expiration of $cycars, in cltjiblifhing a
piiblic school, vhich was to cost one
| million an J hundred tboufand
| French tfvres. This fiuh was accumu
lated, and the til abH foment was about
to be effected, kot in this inflance we
fee a capital put o it Oily at the com
iutci crlt o: five f r tent, per ati
fbe Following j an intmjiing E«rafl '***>,*%. K
from this work. ground alluded to in Philadelphia, we
r , ~ „. „ T perceive a capital r -orftfUlng merely A
POLITICAL ECONOMY. eomponnd inter' ! j cent, per
First Section. annum, the ca 'sreofNor
0/ the Price as Land in newly formed wi < h w,uld '' increased
J 1 natiom. ,n 60 years- mill.,
tTT , I on* a6o,occ- i'u'ie li ; uulcao ot
We find a gr£at difpanty in the price , , ,3oo;ooc> only:- In - - rtiinner as the
$ ,and ' accordmg a. it >s inhabited by : J£Jofe „ *~m P ,
savage* or ovihzedmen. Nature alone j # lot of J^wd ' in Ph ;, a .
provides for the existence of Ihe former, l„ ve amounted in 1784.
therefore the land occupied by them t(i oli]v French litres, inllcad of
| does not repreferit any capital, of wh. h k | mi ;iion ß , had ilie price of
itsprodnftsmaybecontideredastbein- ; t[iat ( JF every at tb«
come. Whereas on the contrary, every ra;e of a£o Ulld ; nt<:reft of 5 pcr
thing belonging to the existence of c- Bu - |( k k , tuw „ to the Ameri .
vilized man may be conijdered a. a ca- Wb „ Ue tbc Srft to rend this
pital, and the land which he inhabits, wmk> |heir l andk , xb i b ; t everyday
constitutes the whole ground of us evalu- , -j ~,l Tl0l)S. We shall ad
ation, because the land alone fr.ppl.es duee iliftanct . s oltbis f ort , nor is it
him both with food and the raw mater.- to fllfpe & t hv truth Q f fads laid
a!s necessary to his From this such rrarievs .
truth we mult conclude that the land 1(f t))c 6 , Mr Far j ay pur _
being the f.Urce of every thing, is the chafcd of Colonel Bird foi the price of
true capital of the wealth of civilized j >ooq fineas> . 00 acr „ Q f J and si.
man. Money, which w called a capital, luate ln the state of North-Carolina on
is so denornmatM merely as it rep re- the bank* of the river Dan, for which,
fents the value or things. If yoti ukc lnomhs be|(ire Ml . Maxwel had re
from it its reprefe.itative fundtion itwJ. {0 ■ him , co „ u i neas ; this
become a mete material prod ua of the cuaumflaiiee a f that onc
earth. Land«therefore the only trut th0 .,r,,. d irteai wcre a good f«, f
rtpttH, and Whatever it does or may tf , efc i tQ acres } n 6i> J n 1?72
produce is the yearly interest of this ca- as offere( j , goo tll Mr . Farlay f or this
. .... , . n fame land i his capital had therefore
This capital and its yearly interest are btcn out , f com d interest of
easily alcertaintd in a country whose cen; . Cr . tb ; 9 inilance
population is full grown. Let us take .js fakep fv()m " h( . re]ation ofMr> Smitb>s
Fiance as an instance; its furface con- j traveis throu7bNoith . Ame ricain .784,
tarns 21. ,Boofquare miles of 69 ij-ioo . a „ (! frottl b ; s vv ,; tings he cannol be
to a degree under the equator, cwnfe- Cl)^rt , d a3 a partifal( of North Ame
quently it coTrtains 136,211, 00 litres 1
computing 640 acres for a square mile, j "7 n an ad > mi f enJcnt intetJ in , 7 8 4
its land rent is estimated to be 1..00,- tQ Eliro ans from coming to
000,000 livres. It. which computation theUrtited StatCß ehimerica , | U)pes>
are included the produce of the had j FrankH|l bas cnulll ,, ated tbt re
and the rent of buildings of every fort,, a , adv , nta to bc f(lllnd in that
in cities, towns, villages and handler.. ; „ um , tr js tbe prog , c (H ve value of lands :
Therefore if we Ornate this produce at ;hf hc ,^ d of(e „ ften vast
the rate of 4 ptr cent, of the capital | of ]and which id 2 g follspera .
which -t rcprefents, we find th* thrs ; cr£ ra ; fed in , he C( ,i rfe of 2C ars to
latter must be fixed at ; tivrcs a , re tRc hth had re .
and the avetage price of every acre is j ; ained ir f tbc famc . ftatc . Now z8 s ous
236 French livres, incltiding a „ ti] t livres in 2D years are
ways, barren mountain, and oilier places ]et ou , a s tbe interefl oF , 8 per c , nt .
inacceffihle to human indultry, never- wbitb donb!c „ the capita l ~v ciy f ollr
thelcis (here are acres in,cities which at i A j
, f .. - r . years and two months, and returns it
the rat* of 2cx 0 livres a Iquare fathom times 3£) g .
are worth more than two millions of thc milita ; land< f]tuate ; n
French l.Wes; there are also others ,n tbe ()ate of New . Yor k to the north of
the country which are Vi-orth mure than p ennfy l vanb> and f outb . ca | t of lake O
i . T 0 lvres. neida, were fold at 8 dollars per soldier's
in a newly formed nation are , . r . LOO .k„
r t 11 r f , > • 1 '°t 01 »oo acres, or 2 pence 80-tooths
7 f " fce P tAle of f a [ im,,a L r valuation ; , abom sol „ J re , an
j foment of their becoming pof- | ac ,. f ()fthc f e lamc lands ; s [M for a dol .
KHed or the lands was to them the ere- , or j „.i
, , ' i lar or 108 fous,now 2 fousand 11 -1 sths
ator of the world. The foil is unculii- ' . , 0 • .
, . , ~ , , amounting to I 8 in ten years are let
vated, ft wants inhabitants, and the 1 , ,1 : n. <. „ „ . 1• ».
. . r , , out at the Interc't 01 4a per cent, which
price to be given for an acre is but the , .i„ ■ . ~ ,
•j -r r,l 1 , ■ 'hi doubles the capital every two years and
ducount, of the real value it will bear, . '
, . , ... „ , ' returns it 20 times in o years.
when it be provided with hufbaiidmen '
or become a part of a city \ but In a ] l " c atc °? -New-York told
country enlightened by reason, that pe- a ' P lll - vendue at 9 pence per acre,
riod will form a remarkable sera, at man y tl ' ol ' falui !icrcs ' situate i,bove the
which a world as yet in an infant state Sufquehaima river, below the Cheningo,
receives the firft germins of a people we are a(r,jrfd ,hat thc fame lande are
who a hundred years hence will make " ow from a dol.ar to a dollar and
known theif tower. i,et us contemp- lan and moie pet acre ; now when
late, far,inftance the future splendor of 9 Now ¥tn*, or 10 sous
tjtle ÜBited States in a century hence. "*^ s al r>o llnt in 7 vean to a dollar,
It was in 1681 that William Penn ()r 1 8 fcn *» ''"-T are ont at in
laid the foundation of the colony, which ten ' ft ! )f 4 23-tooths per cent, the in
retains his name (Pinnfylvauia) and u-rctt is ie at mentioned above,
lias rendered him immortal. Fhiladel- and doul, les the capital in 1 years, with,
phi ais now its capital, it was then but 1 da P*
its nursery. At that time about 2,000 of Maine, at 20 miles
Europeans having landed with Penn, rom thc fea ' on Pl«fant river, which
on this till then unknown land, difpetfed fm P ties into *he harbour of Fun
themfelves in the country to demand of jdY la " ds > wl>ich wc are aflured had
the earth its prorduaions. A very small heen fold at 22 cents per acre, at tbe
part of them were employed in the arts f nd ? f 1 79 1 w « r « at Philadelphia
of firft neceflity, and were the inhabi- in A(1^ 11 ' 1 lal * the rilte of " 9 8 cen,s
tants of the town. It was then, that ! P er acre ' now 2 ' crn,s amounting in
Pehn in order to pay his Coachman two two )' c4rs and an l,alf > arf kt at 7 3
year's wages which were due, offered I P cr ""!* P er annuDI > compound interest,
him a lot of ground in that growing the ca P ital was doubled every thirteen
town, which was then eflimated at about ! monlhi.
2CO French crowns. This fame ground ! In 1784 and 1783, the state of Penn
was already in 1784 worth more than : fylvaniii bought from the Indians, a
-16 millions of French livres. plencc j bout '3 na ill ions of acres and fold thepn
it is demonstrated that the United States, ! again at different prices from 6 to 17
and almost all new nations, destined by P rnce of Ptimfylvanja ef 7 sous
civilization, to a high degree of prof- '-I2th to 20 sous 4- 1 2tbs, it is asserted
perity, presents a natural progreflion of l^at now the fame lands are worth from
riches far superior to the greatest prodi- 5 flullingaor 3 Kvrea 12 sous 2 I2ths to
gie& uhich have appeared in the old 3 pounds or 43 livres 4 sous per acre,
world, and not to advance any thing ta^e notice only of the lowest
unfuppoited by the comparative expe- progreffiop from 6 pence to 5, (hillings
rience of the two hemispheres, I will ' n loyears. This is a compound inte
again call the attention of my readers °f 26 per cent, per annum which
to Europe. " doubles the capital every three years.
its newfpapers-f* in l7B4propofed as Every acie of land in the United
an object worthy of admiration, the ex- States which has now a value, had less
ecution of the la ft will of the Judge of value foitie years ago, and furnilhes an
A New Publication has jujl made its ab-,
pedrance in this City, under the title
° f THE LEVEL
O F
Europe and America,
By Pieiue Egrom, L. L. I), from
FRANCE.
initance of the progression of capitals
among new people, a great many for
tunes which wo'Uld be reputed lmroenfe
in Europe have been raifcd by tliss kind
of speculation, however the integrity
which must characterize this work com
pels us to inform our readers that thole
operations require a great deal of saga
city, imprudent speculators are not al
ways fuccefsful but thele inflances ac
companied with this observation will e
vince that Europeans, under the direc
tion of men of judgment and integrity,
cannot have a more rapid means of in
creasing their fortunes, of this the Unit
ed States furnifh a proof, the Antilles,
! Surinam, Terra Fiima, Louisiana, in
| a word, all the fctlHd parts of Ameri
! ca give itiore or less ihe lame tcllimony.
•f See the Gazette de France, of
the 13th of August 1784, number 65.
England furnifhes many other instances.
It is to be ivg etted bv Europeans that
the United States want yet iome plan
bf operation to heip to direst the pru.
dent monied ntan of the old world, to
accumulate their capital on ihe lands of
the new world, confidtfia' Je fums,would
then flow from Europe into the United
States, to the great advantage, of agri
culture, and in the following feclion it
is partly. demonltrated that tbefe fp£-
culations would not be less favourable
to the European governments. I had
conceived in Europe the idea of those
operations, it is my wish not to quit
the United State*, without having re
alized ft } it is worthy the zeal of citi
zens who love their countiy.
BIOGR A P H Y.
OF
EDWARD GIBBON ES^
This illustrious historian closed on the
16th of January last, a life of 57 years,
which had been eminently devoted to li
terature. He was the celebrated author
of " Ihe History of the Decline and
Fall of the Roman.' mpire," and of si.me
other publications, wh'eh probably will raft
as long, as the English language. We be
lieve he was the last of an ancient and
honorable family, long resident in the
Weald of Kent. He was born at Putney
1737; and was font at a very early ape,
to the grammar-school at Kingston, from
which he was removed to Westminister
school. "On his leaving that l'eminary, he
went to Lausanne, where he lludi ed un
der the father of the present Mrs Necker,
with whom he lived till his death on the
molt friendly terms.
About 1768, he returned to England,
and tookpoffefiion of his paternal eitatcs.
Under the administration of his frL-nd
Lord North, he was eh ofc-n a member of
Parliament and appointed a Lord of trade ;
and upon, his Lordships relignation, re
turned to Switzerland, where hepropofed
to have spent the remainder of his life in
study and retirement. But about 3 years
finee he paid a visit to his friends in Lon
don ; and lately, gave a proof of the good
nees of his heart, in facrificing every
confederation, aud quitting his elegant a
bode, solely to ad.niniftei every cOnsola
tion jn his power to his dearest friend,
who had loft his lady, one of the molt
amiable women in England. Ht had late
ly undergone the palliative operation for
the hydrocele; but the immediate cause of
his death was the gout in his stomach. His
fullerings were fhert; for he enjoyed his
ufuut fiow of spirits, and converted, with
as mneh gaiety as he writes, the night be
fore his death, remarking that he thought
that there was a probability of erfjorymg
thirteen or fourteen more years of life ;
but had not been long 111 t}ed before he was
seized with excruciating pains. He endea
vored to swallow some brandy, but in vain .
He then made a iignal for h : s valet t 0
leave the room, aud in a Few minutes ex
pired. On the 2 3«l KtTTt-mains were car
ried out of town, to be depolited in the
mausoleum of Lord Sheffield's family in
Sufl'ex.
At Sheffield place he had pafied a great
part of his time, during the last twenty
five years, except while he y?as in Swit
zerland; and had there comj-ofed a con
liderable part of his immortal history.—
Mr. Gibbon pofTetted uncommon strength
if memory, and a mind better stored with
Lnowledgc and anccdote, than perhaps,
my man of the age. His conversation
>. as lively and entertaining in a fupreroe
legree, and will never he forgotten by his
riends. He has left behind him, at his
harming house at Laufamie, a library,
vhich, though not very numerous in its
ontenti, nor remarkable for the condition
>f the volumes, is, at may reafonablv be
itppofed, one of the belt, that ever was
elected by an individual ; and which, it
*as presumed, that he had left either to
Lord Spencer or Lord Sheffield: but he
las given every thing, indiferitninately,
-o a young Swift gentleman, to whom he
was remarkably attached, and who accom
panied him iaft year, in a rifit to this coun
try. V ( are sorry to karn that Mr. Gib
bon, so ifiltinguifi.ed in the annals of litera
ture, has not left any new work for publi
cation ; but hear, that among his papers,
sketches are found of meracirs of his life
and writings (in which are introduced the
most eminent characters in Europe, ant!
'"any interesting circumstances of the times)
l/Ut in a very imperfect and unfiniflicc!
state. It his hoped, that his friend, Lord
Sheffield, who it so well acquainted with
every thought of this extraordinary person,
and with every circiirr.ftance of his life
and is £d capable the Work, will arrange
continue, and fi'nifh these mcmcin, - v
tify the public with so intercftiny an- cur ■
ous an entertainment. Mr Gibbon \ j.,
the literary club, which has lately kit two
of its diftingvifhed members, the very res.
pe<ftable bishop of Peterborough, and the
not less (Celebrated Mr. Gibbon. Tint i.;,,!,
originally founded by Sir Joftiua Rtyi tl .!,; s
and Dr. Jolmfon, his now subsisted thiri?
years: and during the last twenty, l«ii
been deprived of the following em : »cn»
characters, Dr. Goldfrnith, Mr. Sairuul
Dyer, Mr. Beauclerk, Mr. Garriek, i d
Afhburnham,Dr. johnfoii,Mr. T. VV. i
Dr. Adam Smith, bifhi p Shipley, f., l o _
(hua Reynolds, bishop Hincheliffe and Mr.
Gibhon.
For the Gazette of the UnitiJ Slaiet.
Mr. Fenno,
I OBSERVE in your paper of lalt
night some pretty severe ftti£hire* on
the French, copied from the New.
York head 5 the author of which con
cludes, that there is no standard of pa
triolifm in France, and that the people
there, tho* they wish for liberty,
not what form of government to adopt
to obtain it—What a pity that they do
not fend for this sapient author to i».
form them—What a pity that the moil
numerous and moll gallant nation in
Europe have not his supreme talents to
conduct them tfiiough this awful crisis!
No doubt we know much more than
the French in all political truths, and
could much better than they have done,
liave Iteered them through the war; but
yet as they do not ask for our advice,
and as I doubt after all whether our
neutrality would admit of our giving it,
if it were asked, would it not be full as
well, if we left them to themselves, and
left the censure of them to their ene
miei only—unless indeed we have any
ambition to be of the pnrtv in the cru.
fade agaihft them ; tho' from the fur.
cess it has hitherto met with, it hath not
the itrohgeft attractions to engage ui.
Ycfur's,
A BY£STANDER.
J rom the American Minerva.
Mr. GREENLEAF, Printer of the
New-York Journal.
In your last papers, 1 find certain ft.
: vere animadversions on Mr. Jay am! his
Million. One writer mentions exult,
ingly Mr. Jay's unfuccefsfnl e.nbalfy 'o
• Spain ; and another fays of him, "the
public have nothing as yet whereon to
form their judgment of hit skill at «e
---gociation."
Let us, Sir, have fa3i % -and the pub
lic will form a veryjuit judgment as to
both these points.
j As to the ill success of Mr. Jay in
Spain, this wasowing almost wholly to
the intrigues of the old French Court—
that court a flirted us during our llrnggle
for independence, and to whom, it is
said, <we o<we a world of gratitude.
That court, while furnifhing us jvi'.h
fleets and brave armies to fight for us,
was uniformly intriguing, with Spain
more especially, to prevent our inde
pendence. Their influence with the
; court of Spain could not be couhterwSt*
i ed. Spain Was alarmed at the - idea of
'an Independant nation in the neighbor,
hood of her poUellions and claims in
Florida and Louifiatia.
This jealousy wa* mtrft obvious in the
negociations for peace in 1783, in
which Mr. Jay's skill at negociation was
mod amply displayed. Mr. Jay had to
contend, not only with the united
courts of France and Spain, but what
was worse, with the weakness of Dr.
Franklin, £peaceto the venerable Plii
lofopher and patriot] over whom Ver
gennes and the French court had gain
ed such an ascendency, as to persuade
him to abandon our most important in
terests.
The facts were nearly these. It was
the objedV of the French and Spanish
courts, either to prevent an acknowledg
ment of our Independence by a long
truce of 4') or 50 years ; or at lead to
prevent tliat recognition from making a
part of the preliminary article* of a
treaty of peace... This point was labor
ed by Mr. Jay with indefatigable zeal,
patriotism andJhiil at negveiation. He
demonilrated the impropriety and the
impracticability of nations treating with
us, upon other teims than as an Inde
pendent people. It is even laid hr was
compelled at last by the obftjnacy of tbe
French court, to threaten the making !
fcparate peace with Great-Britain, if
the French would not accede to this pre.
liminary.
Again. The ohj-r£ts of the French
and Spanish Courts were, to bound the
United States on the Weft by the Ohio,
and by a line to the* southward which
would have cut us off from a great por
tion of territory now in Geoigia —like-
wise to prevent our having a fba-t m
the Newfoundland filheries. '1 hele points
were labored hard by the Frtjch and
1
s*
•i
X'
v*
•V
w
4*'
d
i
I
I
\
V-
"V
&
1.
s
I
V*«
w■*-