For tbe Gazette oj the United States. I
To the CITIZENS of tbi 'United'
Steles.
WHEN a few men in one of out
principal Cities lately form#d themselves j
into a Society for the lake of iftipertri
tending the measures oY Government
sod preferring our Liberties, inviting :
peopal in the several States to form
themselves 'ntr> S6cietieß for similar
pitrpofes, it was natural to suppose that
the object of those public Guardians o
wus more exteouve than they had been a:
pleafe'd to avow. Men whd had chosen E
themselves to be-the guides and govern- c;
ors of other rCen, who had been chosen li
by the people .at large, mull have been w
men of ftiperior knowledge and virtue ;
fi'6m loch governors great thing* were f(
to be exfedled. Know thyfelf is the h
goldetl precept that was laid to have g
% defceflded from Heaven. This patriot tl
band knew thcmfielves to be fit to rule ti
the ruler* of took their ir
feats accordingly, and they have with a r
fevefe and steady hand been correcting "
tbe gurding the opinions
of the nation. In this feleft corps we
have been favoured with a new fathion
ed Ariltocracy unknown to antiquity. a
They were not' as in other countries y;
chosen by the fovereijn nor by their,,
fellow citizens, nor were they diftin- p,
guifhed by the public opinion concern- rc
ing their talents or their fortunes, nor ei
by any other circumstance except their jj,
nnfeioufnefs of superior tu'tfdom. Though
they knew themselves to be the true
Ariltocracy of the nation, that is to fay, n(
the wikft and belt, and though they f e
piibliflied their edicts as tuch, yet they hi
ftliumsd to themselves the humble name
of Democrats.
Difficult as it tnay be to govern well B
we observe that in all countries there t r
ire a fufficient number of men who arc U j
willihg to take care that the common-'tl
wealth lfi?!l fuffer no injury. HenceJ cr
it was that ift a few months small De-|
tnocratic Aristocracies were formed in'tv
every Hate in the union, and fmaildic-ti
tatorihipe were formed in town andot
county, under the.wings of the parent vi
Society. jvj
Thafe Societies, ft range as it may m
seem, have been formed in a free elec- 0I
rive government fox the fake.of preferv- > D
ing liberty. And what is the liberty th
that they are striving to introduce? It li
is the liberty of reviling the rulers who el
are. cholY.i by the people and the go. j[]
vrrnment under which they live. . It is.) t(
the liberty of bringing the 1 laws into in
banftnlpt «tnd persuading people to refill w
them. It is the liberty of
every fyltem of Taxation because they,
h.VYe reiolved that they will not be (bb'C
ject to laws—that they will not pay any'f r
taxes. To suppose that societies weretfi
formed with tbe purpose of oppolingar
and the hope ,of deftroving govern
ment, might appear illiberal provided
they had not already excited resistance
to die laws and provided some of them' •
had not publicly avowed their opinions ™
that they oitght not to paj gny taxes.
Left there (hould be any doubt oa,,'
this fufejeft, I (hall tranferibe the 4th,i
sth, 6tb, 7th and Sth Resolves of a'?;
Urge fdciety in South-Carolina, they,
are as follows, viz. °
4. Rifolved, Tjiat the. rolleifting of
taxes, or other duties to be pajd in money,
In tbile re'ntote counties, is oppreflive and
unjiift; fofitmuftit be welj known, that"'
no article of our produce will discharge its
Dwn freight to market, whereby money is tl
,to be obtained. And therefore. lb
5. Refolvcd, That under these circum
ft antes the seizure of property, and the
Tale thereofW is highly injuri- -r
6us and deliiruciive to the laborious aod _
i\oneft fanner >and his familyi '
6. Uetolved, That it is the inherent right y 1
of every free man to vote and to ele<£t the aj
officers who are to command them in alc
military character ; and he who dares to
attempt a contravention of this right, for-
feits all protection from his country, is a
tyrant and a delpot, and an enemy to the :r
people. w
7. Resolved, That citizen Madison,
and the real patriots of the present Con- L
grefs, are entitled to our just praise and to
our warmest thanks ; and dn the contrary, w
that w.e abhor and reprobate every charac-
ter who may hive endeavored to eftabliih ,
irionarchiit prirrciptts, ofbe influenced by
private interest. ' di
8. Resolved, That the foregoing re- rt
fotves be made 'public through the li
chaimej of some of the gazettes of this state, r(
to shew the fixed and determined opinion
of the Republican Society ef Pendleton r
county and also for the purpose of con- '
vincing those infamous characters, who, 0
loft to all fear of lhame, and prompted bv 31
some evil spirit, have attempted to over-ui
turn anddeltroy the rights andprrvHedge: ir
of th" people, that their proceedings are
disapproved of, and that the people will
persist in the support of their liberties.
Citizen Samuel Lofton, Chairman. 1
Citizen Edw. Tate M'Clure,' Sec'ry n
Citizens John BurtonJ fames Sterrit, '
Ala/es LiddJe, Tbes. Lofton, k
Eliab Moore, fofhitt Sexton,
Standing Committee.
N. B. Tbe Society consists of four
Aundred members
i j
V#friend to the Law and tbe People.
Foreign Intelligence.
Z?jr the Jbip Active, Captain Blair.
GALLICIA, May 23.
The PoIe» have discovered the secret
of diininifhing the nnmber of the enemy,
• tid encreafirrg that of'their own troops.
Every deserter receives fix golden du
cats in hand, and becomes entitled to a
L'mall estate in land, at the end of the
war.
The privates who (hall signalize them
selves are to be ennobled. Kofciufko
has granted patents of mobility to two
gallant soldiers, who have diftinguiihed
themselves by their intrepidity, and he
lias no less than 370,000 Polish florins
in the stock purse for the. encourage-'
•nen of Ruffian and Prbffian deserters. !
BRUSSELS, June 22.
morning a column of the
enemy, amounting to 15,000 men, a- :
mong which were fix regiments of ca- |
valry, appeared near Jemappe; ant' (
owing to meir superiority, forced out 1
polls to retreat to Mont St, Jean. The.
regiments of Demas and Beons disput
ed tlie ground inch by inch with great
bravery. J
We learn this day, that the enemy
have evacuated Jemappe; but this •
news has not been able to fatisfy thi
tears of the inhabitants, who are flying
hence in all directions.
Difpatehes received thfs' day from the J
Banks of the Sambre, completely con ■
tradidl the afTertions of those who aiTurec J.
us that the French after their defeat - on |
the 16th, would not again attempt to,!
cross the Sambrt.
On the iSih they pa/Ted that river in
two flrong columns, one <if which toofc
jthe road to Binche and the j
other pulhed forward to Sombref, a
[village three leagues and a half to the
Northward of Charleroi. As foen as '
intelligence,was received of these opera; i-
on*, -Central Alviuzi made a movement
to the right for tbe purpose of Checking j
the column that had taken the road to '
Binche and,; Nivelle, and Generals Spig-
el and Beaulieu wei-e Ordered to defend
the Chafleurs of Namuf and Nivelle. A
heavy cannonade was heard yellerday
morning on the fide of Charleroi so
which it is laid that the Fredch have 'l
again advanced to lay siege; I
We are informed that the Prince of '<
Cobourg has removed his head quarters «
from Tonrnay to Effeanaiße, and that t
the head quarter* of the Duke of York *
are at Pattci. I
London, June la. i
It now appears, that the fquadrotl of •'
nine fail which chafed the Audacioyjj
was a diflinA fqiiadron from th» main j:
fleet of the ertemy j and they jeined the ;fj
French admiral after the a&ion of the 1
29th, who sent off five fait of the line that
had been much damaged in the action
of that day, and fubfti uted five ships L
si om. the fquadhoti that had joined hjm.
TKue loii liowa'e t'n ap. 11
posed in the different actions 31 ships
of the enemyi r
Never since England had a navy has
there been an action better contested on '
both fides, or which terminated with
such honor to the British flag.
The defeat of the French fleet by
Earl Howe, is a- blow so decisive as"
France will not be able to recover for M
years to come, and will deter them from
again attempting to vie with British va- r
lour by sea. F
The French had thirteen ships dif- 1
mailed at one time ; and at the fame "
moment the Marlborough and Defcnce '
were in a like crippled (late. a
To the honor of the fubferibers of a
Lloyd'* Coffee House, notwithfland
ing the lat« severe lofle* they have met ®
with by the depredations of the ene-
nay's ships, in the capture of vessels in "
the mershant service, wluch, on a mo
derate calculation, amounts to near one 0
million ftcrling, they, with the libera-'j!
lity that will ever diflinguifh that very
refpe&able body of men, in less than e
one hour fubferibed a thousand guineas, c
for the relief of the widows of petty
officers who have fallen in th« glorious e
adlion with Earl Howe, on the 28th e
ult. and 1(1 init. and which has since 1:
increased to 3000 guineas.
June 14. v
The Polish army consists already of t
171,000 men. The army of Lithua-fi
ma, is composed of 50,000, that of
Waifaw of 40,000, and of the Up
krai»e of ii',ooo men. The Woy-ti
•. »• ♦4*" *
|wodffiipof Raws, Ikiattd in the Pruf
tian {hare of Peffand, has alto acccded
our to the general confederation. .
The Poles have tik'en poffeflion of
bit- the town of Liebait in ipite of the
remon (trances of th< RufLan Consul,
and fcized all the ctnhon, and about
• 1 c,coc pounds 'of gunjfowdtf", for
which they paid in ready specie.
ir. June 18. ' j
An article from Maeltricht fays, that
a battalion of their garnfon left that
. et place on. the 6th of Juue, with threej
pieces of cannon, apd the aeccffary am
munition for the fxprefs pmpofe ofiup
|u. prefluig an iifurreiliou in the country 1
,d ot Liege. It was generally believed
the Hagu-if, that .'the Prince Bishop
hid taken refuge at Maeilriclit.
Tl _ From Cor.ftantinople it appears that I
Ij,, ft* commilfioners from the French con- 1
v 0 ventmn are arrived thrre, !6tfr of them '
ec j nre said to be engineers. Though p:o-1
| lc . WfioKt are dear, the treafary is faic to«
ns be in a better state than ever? and the
c _ greatett activity prevailed in encreafing i
the force by flea and land. Ute Re-,i
of 4.0 guns, had failtu tVorn<
Smyrna, for Toulon, but the relt of
the French vefTels were supposed to have,
__ gone to meet a Dutch convoy. j
Accounts, are received froin Lord c
"" Hood, dated or> the 2d of June. He .
1 ' was about to attack Calvi. The Eng- r
|i(h fleet had taken the Moselle frigate, j
1" and several boats laden with provisions. „
June 24. j,
a ; Intelligence from Italy states, that f
the three columns of French at the foot
lis " Mount Cenis and Lueernetta, hav
' rig received united and
' advanced towards Turin. In Savoy the\ «
r ire 32,00b The Convention
lave ordered then to seize upon th>
jells, &c. and tr do away feudality. I
Since the difcovey of the conspiracy
•'d lannon in the Citadei
has been turned upn the city. Manv t'
labels, with Fredom for ever," &e. r
have been found 'fcatered aboilt. d
, J unt26.. : t .
t A very general riport prevails, tha a
a cpurtmm tial will botily be held a
e Portlmouth, on the -ondudt of an Ad t'l
lc an d two Captans, who were un fs
der Lord Howe in the late engagemen: p
with the French. t>re of the. Captaip: rr
| has beerv already fere to Coventry by o:
hisbrotherofficers. Irdeed Lord Howe'- C i
Slatt letter seems to intimate that every h
man did not, in hit lionfrfirp's opinion, 5
do hit duty, > ci
Extract of a Utter fnm Plymnth Doe I, l '
y I
d " Since my failed hit Majesty' j
rje 'hTps Stately, of 64 guns, Admiral Sir
R. King, for Poijfthmouth, and failed
>f last evening for Newfoundland. Like
ra wife foiled the following {hips, Under
■t the command of Admiral Cornwallis,
k with the Eaft-indla fleet under convoy. D
Excellent 74 Capt. Finch, Admiral 11
Cornwall!* , *
HeSor, 74 Capt.
Alexander 74 Capt. Weft. . u
Arrogant 74 Capt. Wliitfted. '
jJ Bellona, 74 Capt.-Wilfon.
;t Granges, 74 Capt. Trufcott.
t Theseus, 74 Capt. Calder. n
lt Minotaur, 74. Capt. Lewis. D
u Co>ffus, 74' Capt. Poole. v
J Hebe . 38 Capt. Hood. '
" The {hips in harbor under the com- "
rnand of Admirjd GtaveaJiojn the affi-t
)6 duous exirtionsufed to refit them, will be
ready for tea in the course of the week. v
ls VVe are happy to inform the public that a
r the Admiral ii much recovered from his r
j, late misfortune. 0
June 28. «
j General Kofciulko't account of the 1
is >£tion between the Polifti troops and the n
)r irmy of the King of Prussia, received r
•d by the Dutch Mails, differs very mate-'
a. r ' J % r °m that given in the Berlin pa- 1
pers. The lols of the Poles amounts f
f. to 600 men—that of the enemy is much j'
ie more confideraUe ; some reports state e
;e the loss of the Prussians at 500 killed v
and wounded, and that of the Ruffians F
at 400. ti
j, Yeaerday Mr. Jay, the American tl
Mini der, had* private interview with P
- Mr. Pitt, at his hoofe in Downin?-
n itreet. C
y_ Letters received in town yesterday,
le of mention, that a squadron of gun w
a _ boats had failed from different 'ports
Holland, to join Sir Sydney Smith's p
ln expedition against the coast of France, o
Sj consisting of near 60 fail.
•y The {hip Dragon and Cargo, alledg
is ed to be American property, were claim- -<
h ed by the Britilh captors to be good and
:e lawful prize.
It appeared that the (hip was laden
with provisions, and failed from Boston C
>f to Senegal, and was afterwards destined
a- for Old France. p
>f The (hip and cargo were claimed by"
J- persons who stated themselves to be A-i"
f- mencan proprietors, add the queftionj
if- before the court was, " Whether the
;d property really belonged to Americans
or to Frenchmen ?
of The principal witneft for the captors
ie was a Scotch lad on board the Dragon,
i], who swore that the veflel was fold and,
ut transfered at Senegal to a M. Blanc, aj
ar French fubjeft. His evidence was iftl
ipart confirmed by several circumstances. 1
•jThe Cuunfel for the captors contended, j
it that during the present war, it was com- (
it man for the Fiench to carry on an illi-,
;ecit trade under American names, and ;
>!that there was every reason to believe]
> that the fliip and cargo in quel!ion was'
v the property of }
<d It appeared that the papers *
p'were very defective. The counsel for.
the clumanU, contended that it would £
it be dangerous to depend upon the linglc t
of a boy only 19 years of age, r
n Whose patriotic feelings might ealilyf
). ha»e been worked upon • his
0 evidence in favor of the Britifll captors.
e They argued that it was a cafe in which 0
g she court ought to admit farther proof (
r-in order to explain several leading cir-c
n'cumltanCes. il
IC
f The learned Judge lamented, that Cr
e many Amei ican cases ihould come
fore the court. It was an alarrtiingio
circurr.ftance, that some of the neutral:;*
c powers fhdiild document and lend their'"
names to so many French {hips. Sir| lr
■ James madt many excellent observations
upon the cafe before the court, and said ,
he should defer givingjudgment till at)
! future day. 01
t " ' VI
BRITISH PARLIAMENT, &
j bi
TRIAL OF WARREN HASf-1
INGS, ESQ. LAST DAT. pi
. Being the 148 th day of the seventh
year I ~
Monday Mr. Burke, at a little after t*
• two, addressed' their Lordships, and, 01
- returning them thanks for this ether
day they had granted him to fim'lh, cr
took a ietrofpeCt view « f the Britilh g,
and Mahratta wart, of the prefcnts di
Mr. Hastings had accepted, and of of
the means his counsel had adopted to G
fabvert the evidence, by endeavoring tot~
prove that rhofe parts in the impeaeh
meut, which the managers for the fake n
of brevity, had omitted, ought to be or
eonftrtied 3s not supportable by the ma-'of
nagers, and therefore favourable forth
"'r ''v^ r "£
conuderable energy tor a long time out" 1
the charges, in the groft and detached. 31
parts, he, at last, said, he was come to w
hik concliifion ; but before "he quitted
the box, he ftibultl beseech their Lord-
J (hiph',attention for a few moments. P'
1 # Q(
The Hon. Manager then, in a very
r solemn • tone of voice, befeeched their
j Lordships, ai they revered the glory
and honor of that happy constitution
] under which they, lived, to look to
what their ancestors had done in cafei
i ftmilar to the present,.—He cited many
of them, but more particularly pvefTed
that of the impeachment of Lord ■
Macclesfield, m a guide for their con-
du£t on the present eccafion. He re
minded them, that by neglecting to pu-jjj
niQj great delinquents, canftitutions /
wer« overturned, and kingdoms laid
waste. Here he drew a lively pidture
_ isf the miferfe# to which France had
.been brought, from the Parliament of
c Mirabea* to the tyranny of
, wherein a departure fro.ll virtue, honor,
t and jufticc, and an adoption of tyranny,!,
, robbefy, arid murder, had turned one' j
of the finfclt kingdoms in the world
inhtimanized its inhabitants, and unfer-
; tilized its plains. He hoped the Al-!
-mighty would avert such evils from this
1 realm, and inspire their Lordships with,g
. those principles of equity, on which -
. the permanence of states could only
s supported ; for constitutions were fob-!,
1 jest to mutability, and every day afford- j
ced frefh pi oofs of the necessity there °
j|was to ptinifh delinquency, in Order to C
s preferve national happiness. He had*""
therefore only to add his fervent hope,
1 that their Lordships' judgrberit, in the' '
1 present would be conformable
. to that which furpafled every other con- 81
Gderation—the principles of justice.
, At half past four the proceedings
1 were thus concluded. t j,
; It is uaderftood their Lorfhips will m
s pronounce sentence next yearj at the bar ct
> of their own chamber. j e
Vt
From the London Gazette.
.At the Court of Sti James'l the 13, bo/ ri
1 June, 1794. " t0
PRESENT, ca
1 The King's molt excellent Majesty in w
1 Council. '
| WHEREAS, bv an aA pal Ted in the f 0
present session of Parliament, entitled
_" Ail ail for preventing money or effe<!ts, ,
in the hands of his majesty's fubjecfts, be- 1
" longing to or difpoleable by peri'ons refi- ? [
1 ,dent in France, applied to the use of ex
he tic perforts exercitW ;1 ..
jjt vernment in France. « g*
tie property thereof & r th« bl
Ir * u owners iwrf." in
residing or being in Great R-\ P Cr fi*t
' bidden under 'he penalties oft- irtf «r
---' J during the present war, tojJfc l '*
a ply, or deliver, or cause to k"' ■' fi -P,
lli lupplied ordeiivered either *«
■ s . or France, or in any other c -' n
a> by payment or remittance,
change, note, draught, c i J,- ofe >
der for money, or in any w) ,7"°' "r
" w hi>loever any money to or i,,,,"* 1 " 10 '
id any person or pel sons who, cn C
f* January, 1794, were or art t ,r? T
jstimefmce, have or has beti,' '!! iD?
the time of fueh ail done, «
rj m *ny ofthe dominions of Fa- ,"
country, territory or place vK V °
the firftday of jauuary, i, O . ' Wu ,
d a.ould be during the laid v ??'
e time of fueh aft done, nhder t 'v* U llie
:,mentof the porfonj exceicHW s ° vcn>
y ihould exereife, the powers ofso'
; s in France:—And all perform,'%£"*' *
. bougjn Great Britain, areaii r 1 i *
h U " der th f e P ains genalke? of BS
'of provision and prien.ur r,> • ■ *
„ ftJKTS ■tSi's
'-cau.e or procure to Tx lent,
uiverer., either t nu £ * £*>
■(country cr place vl,atfoev Lr , iq* ? 1
jthe use of aiiy periop cr person u h *'
"jtiefa,d brft ctay i 7S4 \^|®
g.or was, cr at a it y time foteWbeto *
.U the time rf f U c* aa done, *
rlwithin it,y ot the dominions 0: Franc.
r ;m aw costly, territory or place JL?.
. WM ' d jr of January, '**
or whi.ii wuv uunng tie said wt/
•Wd at tiie t.i t fueh »& done, be £&
the govern mirnt UperC.n,
or who Inotud excrc.iV the powrnaf ''
vernmenVm , a;.d all p rion,
fidmg or being u , Great Britain arew,';.
under pena.-u 4 aud }otfeiik,Jj -
cified in the laid to pa* rr ilisfy |»
apy maimer during the fa, war, aaA 3
of exchange, note, draught, oblign.ic.;«
order for money, inpart orin tte * -U
' which, since the file firft day „f J a
T 79*r has beenj-prj at any time cv - U V
, thefaid war, fhali be; <J T a wn o- aa W A
, or mdor.eii, in ir.y negotiate au
r? r ™X "• Wer sent from. . pan ,(
he ooroniions of France, or any cObctr.
•errkorv or place which wai, o- ti j
>firft day of j.Jiury, 1794,. or it :ny , ;iils
during .the Mid «ar. and at [he' .; rae
of fueh adV dobe, shall be tinder "e
> Government of the person* txercifin?
> or who frill ex rciJe po W ,
power« of government in France, or
drawn, accepted or indorsed, or ii; any
■ manner i:cgociat'cl I.y, or for the use 0L
■or upon the cfedit of ; or pon the credit
ot the efhr£ts of the . e sons evncil Bg
-the powers of France,* or , aav pcr-
on tiie f„d
ijany time lince, liave or ita. been, or
who, at the time of fueh aft done, (hall
| be, in any of tht dominions of France,
or in any fi'.ch country, territory or
place as aforefaid,: anj all perfo .s rt
fiding or being in Great Britain ate
prohibited, under the penalties andfor
[ feiture* fpecified id the said a£\, to pay
or otherwifc fatisfv, deliver or part witli,
arty monies, bills of exchange, promilfu
| ry hotes, draughts, obligations qr otccii
; for money, £.Ci.ritiei for money, goods,
' ware, merchamlijes 01 tfFedi whatlV
j ever, of or belonging to petfons exef
cifing, or who fhoulfl exereife, the po«r
---" ers of government in France, or to try
"iperfons or person who, on the laid firjl
day of i 794, were or vrai, or
j at any time fine* have or has becc, or
who, at the time of fueh aft done, (hall
J be, iti any of the dominions of France,
j or in any country, territory or place
.which was, on the said firft day.ofji-
1794, «r at any time during the
'.laid war, and at the time of fueh ait
'idone, (hall be, undet the government 0:
jthe perfojis exercising, or who Ihould
' exereife, the powers of government in
France. And whereat it has beea «-
" presented to his- Majcfty, that many pcr
' font, >vho are fubjefts of the United
' States of North America, and engaged
'[in houses of trade established there, mat
'jhave been, on and since the firft dar of
"ijamiary, 1794* within the domimont
"los France or other the cotmtriei, terri
' tdries or places then under tiie govern
| ment of the persons exercising the pow
er* of government in France, while the
''firms of fueh refpeftive houses have re
mained in North America, and tranf-
Jafted their ordinary commercial buii
" ness with other countries, and therefore
the commercial intertourfe between his
' Majesty'S fubjefts in Great Brifain ?nd
the fubjefts of th? said United State*,
' may he embafra'Ted by the rettridi"-'
contained in thefaid aft, unless bisMs
jefty lhall in pursuance of the pawer»
.vetted in hiai by the said aft of Par'«
iment, give ins royal liceiife and autno
rrity to enable peri'ors in Great Bntaio
to do fueh acts as (liall be neceftry
carrying on luch commercial Interpol) »-
1 with Narfh America,
the rellriftiOns contained in the Hi •
■so far as may be confident with : T
neral intent and purp ifcs of tae
aft. And whereas it has slfo been re
presented to hi. Majefty,.tt»t,
exteauve efeft of the foregoing c«c««-