for the Caxttte of the United States.
Mr. Fenno,
ALTHOUGH it it -epugnaot to
my feeling* to trouble the public with
any matte-, which principally refpeits
taiyfclf a* an individual,. yet in compli
ance with the wilhes of many of my
friend*, 1 am induced to requcft that
you will iufert the following in your
ufeful piper, By so doing, you will
much oblige your friend and fellow-ci
tizen,
jaMes hardie.
TO THE PUBLIC,
Toward* the end of )vily, 179J, I
publifhtd a Book, entitled tt»e Philadel
phia Dihrftoty and Register 1 Soon af
ter it* publication, the dreadful disorder
which (pread so much depopulation
through the city> ttiade its appearance.
The sale of my Book Was of c'ourfe
suspended, and irt consequence of the
▼aft number of deaths and removals oc
casioned by that terrible calamity, it hag
been seldom called for since that period.
Hence instead of gaining confidently
by that laborious undertaking, whftli,
I am perfuadsd, Was the wi(h of my
fellow-citizens 5 I adlually sustained a
had, hdwever, this consolation,
that my performance wa* generally ap
proved of, and I firmly relied on the
generolity of the public, for meeting
with aii ample reward in the sale of a
second edition. To my friends and to
the public irt general my determination
to republifh the Directory was well
known. But a gentleman, who, per
haps, was ignorant of my intentions,
hut advertil'ed that he it engaged in the
fame business.
Tomy fellow-citiiensbetae appeal ;
If 1 have published a performance ct»n
jidered of general utility, attended with
much labor, and productive of no pro
fit, ought not the advantage which may
accrue from the publication of a second
edition to be adjudged to me, in prefer
ence to any other person ? The pub
lic, who are both jtift and generous,
Will no doubt decide with propriety,
and 1 assure them that I (hall exert my
felf to the utmost, to merit their appro
bation.
With esteem and refpeit I am
the public's much obliged,
and very humble fen'ant,
JAMES HARDIE.
N. 6. A correit plan of the city
will be annexed.
For the Gazette of the ifnited States.
Mr. Fenno,
~Ofl"perttfing yoflr paper of lad even
ing, to my inexpressible fatisfa&ion, 1
perciived a most glorious, spirited, and
animated Addr«ft of the Democratic
Society of Wythe county in Virginia,
to tSie people of Ameriea—A&uated
by the fame principles, 1 beg leave thro'
the channel of your paper, to offer a
short address of my own, to them, and
all other true-hearted Democrats'—who
are difinterefled in every other refpeft,
exctpt that of the real good of their coun
tryi and the happiness of the whole
world :
Citizen Democrats,
We have long labored and, done eve
fy thttig in otir power to rouse the peo
ple from their stupid lethargy—have we
not in the cleared and most pathetic
pointed out what the Govern
ment ought to do, and what they ought
not to do—and have We not done all
that lay in the power of men to do, to
bring them to a true sense of the conduit
they Ought to psrfue ? but iti* all in
vain—every spark of liberty seems to be
annihilated—the Government remains
obstinate—the people infenfable to the
dictates of reason—and the armies of
France have still to fight their own bat
tles Is not this truly distressing to
Genuine Patriots, whole hearts pant
in the glorious canfe of Liberty and the
Equal Rights of Man !—Too long has
this niggardly conduit continued !—
Let us at length (hew an example wor
thy of imitation, and try the hearts of
every man, and We (hall then know who
are friends to Liberty and Equality, and
who are not—let its separate ourselves
from these luke-warm friends of Free
dom, who perhaps never railed their
arm in support of it!— Let us who are
flrenuous in the Universal Cause, fly
with the fwiftnefs of an eagle to the
support of France ! —there let us enlist
and fight tinder the glorious banners o,
Liberty and Freedom ; and with our
nervous arms, let us again draw our
flaming swords, in support of a cause
in which <we have once fought, bled and
conquered !—yes, we will ru(h upor
the Tyrants of mankind—exterminat
them from the earth, and emancipate
the whole world from the galling chains
©f Despotism 1
There are now many of these glori
ous K.'ut i.iuch ttffilU.imftitutwfl* in the ,
(Jni.jJ States—ami these combine i, j
with many other brave pa f r 6t3, who
art not VneinHcj df ttu initi'.utions, bit
are equaliy as warm in tiie cause, would
make a very formidable addition to the
forces of France—and when it is
dered that w<: are all tried Patriots of
Atneriti—-that aloiie will make the Po
tentates of the World tremble. My
life and fortune ( Ahich I know fas 1 :#> 'j j
since been Individually the dctetmia iticn ;
with reipeit to yoUrielves) fh::ll willing- |
Iv be devoted to establish (tun ineltim?- j
ble blelfings to the world—if we fa!!, \
then (hall we have monuments eiccted
to our memories, which Ihall hand our
names down with honor to the end of
time—and generations uuborn will fill)*
the praffe* of the Deliverer! of their
count!y t and pour out ten thoufaiid
blessings upon such ■Worthy and defcrvi'n g
Patriots and friends to the Rights of
Man ! !
A DE-MO-CRAT.
August 2, 1794.
For the Gazette oftheUNiTtoSTAf es-
Mr. Fenno,
The eonduit of the western Counties of
Penufylva'nia, in their oppolition to the ex
eif», cannot be accounted for on any other
score, but that of party prejudice.
These counties ask to be protected against
the Indians, and yet they are almolt the
only people who are difatisfied with the rax
or duty that is laid on the citizens ot the
union, for the purpose of defraying the ex
pellees of their protcition. At the fame
time it will appear, that they are benefited
and even enriched by the war and the
very meafuret they complain of. T hey ex
claim against tile duty, altho' they enjoy
the advantage of an advance in the
price of whiiky, occafioried by the ex
cise and an increased demand, and find
ing the business profitaole, have set up a
very great additional number of (tills. —
fielides, the much greater part of the
money expended by the war, is laid out in
the back part of the State, for the sup-
Iply of the army.
This absurd conduit never would have
takeri place, if the people had been left to
' think and judge for themselves ; and it is
jufily chargeable, with all its conferences,
I to a'fett of leMing pa.iizans, encouraged
by the fame kind of men in the City of
Philadelphia, and some of the other coun
ties, whp being originally opposed to the
coaftltutioh' of the United States, have al
ways maintained a systematic to
the meal'ures of the government. Their
business is to vilify aitil misrepresent, and
' experience tells us, that generally (peaking,
their power and influence it greaten, where
the people have left means of information.
These men are unwilling to declare open
ly their diftike to the government, but on
the contrary are frequently making pro
teflatunv <ii their attachment to the cbnfti
tution ; while we find them assiduously em
ployed fecrctly in abusing its mea lures, and
stirring up prejudice! in the minds of the
people, against its officers and adminiftra
< tion. In fait the whole conduit of the
I party is made up of inconliftency and de
ception ; for at the time that its tools a
vowed their disapprobation of an oppositi
on to the government and itt laws, their
industry at a former eleillon, to get the
very men into Congress who appeared to
have been inftruihental in exciting a re
finance to both, was scarcely to be equal-
I led by any thing human.
It is impossible to reconcile filch doings
and we can only fay, that such a service
it worthy of such votaries,
The truth is, they haVe long been endea
voring by every possible means to get therri
felnjes and ttxir friends into the chief man
agement of the affairs of the union; and
there is too much reason to believe,
that some of them would eveft risk the ev
idence of the government to accomplish
that objeit.
Such proceedings in the centre of the uni
on, and among the people who are enjoy
ing superior advantages from the govern
ment, is highly diiho nor able to Pennsyl
vania, and mud be condemned by every
man that is a friend to the State } unless he
isfo far blinded by party prejudice, as not to
be able to fee what is her true interest.
Fortunately for thecitizens of the United
States the meeting at Pittsburgh about two
years since who laid the foundation of the
late unhappy disturbance, and who en
tered unammaufly* into a sett of resolutions
rtfpedling the excise, " Ordered a remon
" ftranoe to be presented to Congress sign
" ed by their chairman, and appointed
" committees to correspond with any com
" mittees of a fimilir nature, that might
"be appointed in 0. her parts ofthe union-"
have met with no countenance or support
from any quarter whatever. On the con
trary, the law is every where else received
with becoming temper, and the Combina
tion becomes more and mdre reprobated
daily; so that the men who may h»ve de
signed to set oh foot such measures, with
a view of impeding the operations of the
government, will find themselves egregi
oufly mistaken, and that their proceedings
will have a contrary effeit.
Perhaps the laws of no government
in the world were better received or
>beyed, than those of the United
States, nor did any country ever enjoy
i greater (hare of prosperity ; and it
must be a plealing reflexion to every
* See the resolutions in Carey's Museum,
for September 1791 ivitb the names of the
persons <who appeared to have been present,
when they were agreed to.
man to observe, that the citi-enS
generally appear to be sensible of their
happf fituauon, and of ths dreadful
confequenees that must result from an
opposition to laws, solemnly enacted by
their immediate representatives. 1 hi.
proceedings of these rioters mull awaken
the friends of end onler in every station,
in fitpport of the laws of the Conilitu
tion.
The government is too firmly fixed
in the affections of the people to be
lhaken by a rew deiigning men, ani.
they mull (hoitly f>c convinced of their
extreme folly, in attempting to disturb
the peace of the union.
These meeting-men had reason to
blulh on heating the sentiments of the
President of the United States, and
both Hoiifes of Congress, and of the
judges and juries of the different courts,
I refpefting the unwarrantable proceed
ings in thofecounties; and notwithfland
ing they may poffibry have counted on
meeting with less severity from those
with whom they were in habits of poli
tical friendfhip, their conduit was too
notorious to be passed over in silence.
The Governor of the Commonwealth,
in his speeches to both Houses of the
Legislature, informed them, " that obe
dience to the regular exercise of confti
tutional authority, tould alone render?
free government beneficial artd perma
nent," and lamenttd that there had
been an opposition to the laws.
The fame sentiments were rt-echoerl
by the of Representatives ; but
the Senate, for reafone which might
have been conjectured, thought proper
to fay nothing on the fubjedt. It if)
however to be conjedlured, that in all
such cases of refradtory condudt, the
men who are generally mojl to blame, have
the addreft to manage their business in
such manner, as to evade the pumfhmeut
of the laws.
It must be evident to the world that
the opposition to the excise, arises more
from a restless and discontented spirit,
and the designs of wicked men, than
from any evil that can be either appre
hended or experienced from the thing it
lelf. In proof of this it may not be
improper to mention, that there was a
fleavy excise collected in the state of
Pennsylvania for many years previous
to the adoption of the general govern
ment ; and appropriated in the year
1783, to the payment of a part of the
debts eontrafted by the war. This du
ty was collcfted by officers invetted
with extensive powers, and the law im
posed heavy penalties an delinquents ;
notwithftanding,it wasalwaysacquiefced
in and approved of by those very men
and their party. Yet they have now
raised an opposition to a similar measure,
and one that is expressly warranted by
a Constitution that many have fiuorr. to
fupporti and all are bound to maintain ;
and under which the United States have
prospered to a degree exceeding the ex
pectations of its wai melt advocates.
AN AMERICAN.
KINGSTON, (Jamaica) J jane 5.
■
The citizen toldieri of colour taken
in arms on the con«jtlercd French islands
were not, as has been asserted, sent to
any part of Africa, btlt fold chiefly oti
the spot to Spaniards, who were ready
purchasers for the mines.- One adven
turer bought as many at Jol. each as
cost him 30,000 dollars.
By the brig which arrived fen Satur
day from Madeira information is receiv
ed that two French 20 gun (hips, cftii
fing off that island, had captured the
Hannah and Tom, outward bound (hips
from Liverpool, and four others, names
not mentioned.
Enormous freights have been paid
for the conveyance of produce from St.
Domingo to Great Britain 5 for in
ftarice, 2is. per cwt. for coffee, and o
ther articles in proportion ; but the
harvest is riot likely to continue, for
when the last packet failed from Fal
mouth there were upwards of 40 (hips
loading for Hifpaniola, which would re
turn with the produce of the colony.
UNITED STATES.
WHITESTOWN, State New-York.
PARIS, July 1, 1794:.
This day, at eleven o'clock, the firft
corner stone of Hamilton Oneida Aca
demy was laid, by Baron de Steuben,
in presence of the Rev. Samuel Kirt
land, the Hon. Stephen Van Renffelaer,
Col. North, Maj. Williamforo Shanon
do, the firft chief of the Oneida Nation ;
a number of the trustees of said acade
my, and 4 numerous body of fpedtators.
Shanondo appeared much delighted and
affected. The ceremony was preceded
by a prayer, well adapted to the occafi.
on, by Mr. Kirtland ; after which the
Baron made the following
ADDRESS.
T, the Tpv.itfs of the Institution,
Friends arid Fellow Citizens,
THE objeil for which we are now
assembled, is the erection of an Acade
my for the propagation of ufeful know
ledge. In this enlightened age, it will
be deemed unnecessary to explain to you
liow closely inlhtuiio.is of this kind are
connected with the true felicity of a
iiation. The necessaries of life, its fu
perfluities, riches, and even iibeity it
feif, become as so many curses, if the en
joyment of therm is not limited by wis
dom ; which leads us in the path of
virtue, and diredts our a&ions, not oirly
to the promotion of our happiness, but
to the welfare of all mankind. For the
acquirement of this wisdom are femina
vies of learning instituted. And here,
my fellow-citizens, let us (lop for a mo
ment, and Viewing our duration, reel
with honett pride, the happiness which
I we in preference to other nations enjoy.
I Among the ancient*, or nmongthe me
derns, where (hall we look for a compa
rison ? It was not till after ages of bar
barism had elapsed, that Athens, or
Rome, the miitrefs of the world, eredled
a temple to Minerva, or Apollo. Where,
among the modern nations of Europe,
(ball we find an example of a wilderness
in a (hort space of a few years converted
to a garden, and the firft exertion of
its inhabitants diredtcd to the extension
,of knowledge and the happiness of their
fellow men ? Scarcely has the plow
traced the firft furrow for neceffai y ftib
fi(lance; scarcely has the "firit tree fallen
by the stroke of the axe, when a porti
on of this fubfiftanee, when this very
tree is set apart to eredt a temple, dedi
cated to the bell interests of the rising
gentiations } to the happiness of thou
fatlds yet unborn. Yes, my friends, the
people who dread famine left than ig
norance, who refpett the laws, and whose
time is employed iii benefiting the coun
try, by adding to its resources, must be
happy and felpefted.
Amongst the firft laws of the state of
New-York, was that for appointing a
board of regtnts for the «inivcrfity, un
der whose direfiicit schools and semina
ries of learning (hould be ercfted; and
liberal provision has been made for car
rying the object of their appointment
into effefl.
For eredting the building which is to
be placed on this spot, you, gentlemen,
and other worthy members of communi
ty, by a free and liberal fubfeription,
provided funds. It remained to the re-
I gents to incorporate, and to' give you
I such pecuniary assistance a& was in their
! power, and to me the honorable office
is committed, of laying the comer stone.
This pleasing task I shall perform,'with
a lincere wifli that you may contemplate
this edifice, not only as a mean of pub
lic felicity, but as a temple, in which
your virtuous and patriotic actions will
be preserved to future ages.
By your chavtt r, this edifice is called
the Hamilton Oneida Academy. It
bears the name of a patriot, on whose
merit and virtues an orator would find
an ample field for the exertion of all his
powers : for me to attempt to draw hia
character, would be too bold ito an
Apelles it belongs to draw the pitture
of an Alexander ; and we must leave to
the Demollbencs's and Ciccro's, the fu
ture offspring of this institution, to pro
nounce his eulogium.
Then the Baron, as one of the regtnts
of the university, and a guaidian of the
literature of the state, presented the
charter to the trustees; remarking to
them, that, by tiie acceptance, they be
came pledged that the institution (hould
not languifti for want of their grcatclt
exertions.
The trustees, in a (hort reply, expres
sed their cordial thanks to the Baron,
for his particular attention to this infant
seminary J their full confidence in his
assurances of his future friendflu'p ; their
refolutioti to exert their utmost abilities
to promote the imereft of the instituti
on ; and their ardent wiflies that their
mutual endeavors might be extenfivdy
ufeful to these new settlements, and the
cause of literature in general.
To which the Baron, with a heart al
most too full for utterance, answered:
" Gentlemen, I (hall always remember
that I have laid the corner stone of this
academy—lt will ever, ever be dear to
me."
PHILADELPHIA,
AUGUST 2.
Extra?? of a Letter, dated Cape Nichcla
Mole, July lt.
" You are not to learn . hat the En
glish have taken Port-au-Prince; I look
upon you as very happy to be under the
dominion of the English. The inhabi
[ tants who are under that of the Spaniards
| are really to be pitied.—their conduit to ■
wards the unhappy colonifU U afc»mSmV
Would you believe, thai at Fort Dnt-l ''
they fell frequently our negroes at thiefy «
forty dollars a piece. Is not this lhait.
" We learnt yesterday that the briMmj.
at La Cbvrbonier had been attacked b v th
English. They would not iurrtnder l!
They were vigorously attacked, and aft"*
a feeble resistance, they solicited pard.m
and laid down their arms ; but allin va
they are no more : not one was spa-cd ! *
The quarter of Bombarde, afc daii '
be admitted to a surrender; but as thct
have already revolted, and as they have
had the bafeneft to re-hoist the tri-colour -d
flag, the Englilh will not let them, and tell
them that the moment is not yet arrived
attack them. The Commandant q{ th,,
poll t-eceives daily application from them
I presume however, that he will accc '
"at length of their surrender upon terms
of mereyjr that quarter being verv ncce r
fary for furhithing the town withfreih prol
visions, of which it is really in vreat
Port de Paix and Jean Rabei are in the
greatest diltrefs. They are in want of
evfcq thing. There is hardly any ammuni
tion m either. Four men came in here
yeiterday from Jean Rabel, who declared
that Laveaux wished to make a proof of
a bomb, that the powder so bad that
it had not a third of the usual effect.
In our pafliige fell, in with the priva
teer the Duke of .York, the Captain of
which informed us, t hat they had taken
a schooner which li)s not teen long f rom
Philadelphia loaded with powder and
bound to Port de Paix.
Ext raft of a letter from St. Euflatiut
dated July 12,
A British frigate, now laying off
this road, brings an account of Lord
Hdwe having, on the 24th May last,
fallen in with the French fleet, and
fought them three days, during which
he took fix fail of the line, and funk
five. The Britilh had three of the line
funk, and that when the advice came
away, there continued a general engage
ment. This nJuft caule something de
cisive in- Europe we hope, and help to
bring about an honorable peace. Point'
Fctre is ltill in pofleffionof the French,
and likely to continue so.
The British are in pofieffion of polls,
from which they are determined to def
tfoy the town and (hipping, if they do
not fufreijder, which will not be the
cafe, as in all their battles they have
fought with incredible valor; they have
only to fear their being through want of
necefTaries of life, obliged to give up.
Water they have already loft pofltlTion
of, the watering place being taken frotti
them.
New-Tori, 30th July, 1794.
Sir,
HAVING submitted to fay court
the four points fpeeified in your letter"
of the 23d current, I (hall defer to afti
ture period any further explanations ref
pe£ltmg them. In the mean time 1 must
confefs to yoti with candor, that perfm
ally f am not convinced by your letter,
either that any of the opinions which I
hive expressed upon the lubjefts of it,
have been too lightly entertained by me,
or that the fafls upon which they have
been founded, aie varied or invalidated
by your counter ffatements.
1 have the honor to be, with
great refptfk, Sir, your mod
obedient Humble Servant,
GEO. HAMMOND.
SECRET ART of STATE.
True Copy.
GEO. TAYLOR, jun.
ExtraS of a lettir from St. Eujlatitu, of
10th July.
"lam afraid we (hall have troublesome
times in the Welt Indies this furrnner, as
a small French fleet arrived some time
ago at Guadaloupe, and the other day
the two armies had an engagement, and
it-is jeported that 600 Englilh were
(lain, and that th*y will have to cracu
ate Guadaloupe. From the small num
ber of men stationed there, and their
fighting so obllinately, it is presumed
that a reinforcement mull arrive foony
we have accounts this day that the se
cond May Packet has arrived to Wind
ward, and brings the accouut that Lord
Hood had met with the French fleets,
j that a very fevete engagement eniued
that nine fail of the French were taken
and the reft very much injured."
A correspondent, who hat converted
with several eminent phylicians on the
fubjeft, congratulates his fellow-citizens
on their united declarations refpe&wg
the prevalence of HEALTH among
our numerous and rapidly encreafmg in
habitants—The opinion of those gentle
men is one viz. that the city and
for many years pad have not been 1°
generally and remarkably favored, d* ll '
ing the summer season, with ihut
eft of temporal blcffings.—This t» vor
of Divine PrcvidenCe, demands our 60;
cerel't gratitude.
From a Correspondent.
1 was in company this morning with