From the Bojion Centintl.
MOORE's JOURNAL.
Mr. Russell,
The Journal of Dr. Moore, in France'
during the moil iuterefting period of
the French revolution, has attained
to much celebrity.—'Though the
Do&or was not in favor of the con
du£l of funic of the French leaders,
and has condemned the unnecefTary
meafurcs which frequently have been
taken, his veracity nev«?r has been
doubted ; and his opinion of men
ar.d their motives, has been confirm
ed by pofleiior events. The follow
ing account is given by him of the
two celebrated chara&eri who now
, appear at the head of the ruling
powers in France, Robefpierte arid
Barrere.
ROBESPIERRE,
Is a native of Arras. This great
luminaty of the revolution not only
renders Arras more conspicuous, but
has thrown a iay of light on his bro
ther who lited there in obfeurityy but
is now chosen a deputy to the Conven
tion.
Robespierre is a man of frnall ftze,
and a difagreeablc countenance, which
announce more fire than understanding,
in his calmest moments he conceals with
the hatred and malignity which
isfaid to exist in his heart, and which
his features are admirably formed to ex
press.—He diftinguiihed himfelf in the
constituent assembly by the violence of
his fpeechej, and much more since in
the Jacobin Society by the violence of
Ms measures. His eloquence is employ
ed in invectives against tyrants and aris
tocrats, and in declamation in praise of
liberty. His fpeeehes are barren in ar
gument, but forrvetimes fertile in the
flowers of fancy.
Robespierre is considered as an 4n
enthufiaft rather than an hypocrite;
some people think him both, which is
Dot without example, but to me he
seems to be tci6 much of the firft to be
a great deal of the second.
He his always refufed every office of
emolument ; his passion is popularity,
not avarice; and he is allowed by even
those who deleft many parts of hischa
. rafter, and are his enemies, to be in
corruptible by money.
In the Chrotfique de Paris of yester
day, (a paper conduced byCondorcet)
is the following curious article, vrhtch
I (hall insert, because: it shews M. Con
dorcet's idea of a- man who has made so
much noise in this country, particular
ly of late }
" It is fometiirfes asked, how it hap
pens that such numbers of women are
continually attending Robespierre,
wheiever he is,- at his own house, at
the galleries of the Jacobins, of the
Cordeliets, and of the Convention ?
" It is because the French revolution
is considered as a religion, of which
Robespierre is the leader of a feft.
He is a pried who has devotees. But
it is evident all his power is en qucnouille.
Robespierre preaches — Robespierre
censures—he is furious, grave, melan
cholic, affeitedly exalted, followed in
his opinions, and in his conduct he
thundered against the rich and the great
—he lives on little, is moderate in his
natural appetites—his chief million is
to speak—'but he speaks forever-—he
rcfufes those offices in which he might
be of service to the people, and choos
es those in which he expects to govern
<hem. rfe appears where he can make
a figure, and difapp«ars when the scene
is occupied by others—He has all the
clwrafteriftics, not of the leader of a
religion, but of the leader of a feft.
He attempts to establish a reputation of
nufterity which points to lanety. He
mounts'on forms, and talks of God and
Providence. He calls himfelf the friend
ef the poor and the weak. He makes
himfelf be followed by women, and
gravely accepts of their homage and
admiration. He retires before danger,
and nobody is so conspicuous when the
danger is over. Robespierre is a po
ren, and never can be any thing more.
" One of the incidents of a week is
the accusation of Robespierre, by a
rnau of great understanding and talents
(Louvetj but whose imagination is
more extensive than either. The ac
«ufer and the accufcd have both been
heard, and both have proved, that it is
jmpollible to make a dictator of Ro
bespierre."
BARRERE.
Barrere, deputy from the depart
ment of High Pyrennees, who was a
member of the Constituent Assembly
without being much diftinguiihed, be
gins to be thought of more import
ance in the Convention. He has not
hitherto taken a decided part with ei
ther party, but I am told is sourted
by both.
The inc'uLnlt related in the following ex
trad arc Jingular, and firrmjb mutltr
for moral t'cjlctlion and enquiry.
' I was prefrnt, fajrs Dr. M. when
RuKI, whom t formerly irwntioned, in
ormed the Convention, that being in
:!ie commiflion for examining certain
letters in the German languige, which
lad been intercepted, he had found c s .ie
from a corporal in the P. utllau a. my to
'lis wife in Silesia. In this letter he
'aid there were many expift (lions of
conjugal love and paternal sffedtion,
while in the fame letter the French
were painted in the blackelt colours.
" This poor corporal," continued Ruiil,
" has had the perleversuce and genera
lity to lave two ducats out of his pay,
which he inclosed in the letter to his
wife, who, it appeers, was then ill
child-bed. 1 defir?to be anthorifed to
transmit the money, with what additi
on I please, to this honed .corporal's
wife, with a letter assuring her that the
French do not deserve all the ill names
$hich her husband gives them."
' Ruhl is a man about seventy years
of agi ; there is a great appearance of
naivett in his mapner. I happened to
mention this dory of the corporal to a
Frenchman of my acquaintance j " Le
conte ejl bent/," said he, " et ne manque
que hi vrai fefiblance pour le rendre inter
ejant."*
" He had tfre letter in his band,"
said I, " how you doubt it ?"
" If he had letters," replied
the Frenchman, I /trull doubt it, be
cause a Prufiian corpo'fal is generous in
nothing but in coups de batons ; and it
is not in the nature of it man who is
distributing these from fe'prrmig to
night, to have tender affettiorft of any
kind. Such opposite and diTcbrdant
qualities cannot innabit the fame br'e?ft."
4 The incredulity of my French' ac
quaintance I think unrcafonabfe; and
I will here insert an anecdote, although
it is friuch more exposed to his criti
cism, because it comes from a quarter
which leaves no doubt on my mind of
its tiuth.
' Monsieur de Bert rand, chevalier
de Make, and brother to mor.fieur de
Bertrand de Moleville, late minilter of
thfc marine, Was arr'efted and confined
in the pi ifon of the Abbaye, foori aftei
the ioth of August. This gentleman
was brought at midnight on' the third
of September before the dreadful tribu
nal in that prifoh. He h a man of
gieat coolness and fiimnefs of mind,
which was of infinite fervicg" to him
this emergency ; For alt ho" the fyrhp
tbms of fear ought not on such occasi
ons to have been considered as a' pre
sumption of guilt, yet that construction
was put on them by the judges, and,
without any other preemption, they
fometimcs, proved fatal to the prisoner.
" When Mr. Bertrand was question
ed, he answered with an undisturbed
voice and countenance, " that he had
not the least idea of what he had beer
artefted for, that those who arretted
him could not lnforrft him, that nobody
had informed him since, that he was con
vinced he had been taken up by mis
take."
i ' Struck with the cool an ! undaunt
ed manner in which he addressed them,
and having no particular accusation noi
proof of any kind against bim, the judg
es ordered him to be released
" Two men covered with blood, whe
had keen employed in killing the prison
ers, and attended in the expectation oi
the signal for dispatching Mr. Bertrand
seemed surprised but not ai
the unusual order. They conducted hin
through the court of the Abbaye, ant
on the way asked if he had any relatior
to whose house he wished to go.
" He answered, he had a fider-ia-lav
to whom he intended to go directly.
" How very much surprised and de
lighted mull Ihe be to fee you 1" fan
they.
" 1 am persuaded Ihe will," replie<
Mr. Bertrand.
" One of the men then asked the o
ther if he (hould not be gljd to be pre
sent at this meeting; to which he ea
gerly said he should : And
ed they had a curiofrty to be witneffe
to the joyful meeting between Mr. Ber
trand and his sister-in-law.
" The gentleman was astonished am
embarrassed: He represented that hi
relation being a delicate woman, thei
appearance might very much alarm her
particularly at such an unseasonable hou:
that he could not think of giving then
such unnecessary trouble: and addec
whatever he thought would diveit then
from so unexpected a proposal.
" They urged that they would wai
in the parlor until he had advertised tin
lady ot their being in the house, to pre
vent her being alarmed: That so fa
from being a trouble, it would giv<
them great pleasure to accompany him
* The tale is agreeable, and only nesd
probability to make it interesting.
That they wished to have a relaxation
from the work in which they had been so
long employed, and they hoped he would
not deny them the fati.sfadtion of feeing
the meeting between him and h:s
friends.
" Mr. Bertrand die not think it pru
• dent to refufe fisch peti roiteis any longer
1 he therefore affcnted ; they accompaar
'ed him to the house. He lent the £er
! rant, who opened the loor at the found
• of the voice, to advertise tire lady that
;he was arrived, and well. He after
i wards went hijttfelf and informed her ot
j th* strange fancv of the two men T who
• waited in another roem. The Tady had
■ arisen arid drefli'd herfelf hastily on her
■ hearing' of his arrival : Every body in
j the family had done the fame, and had
! flocked around hmr with expreflions ot
joy. The two men were admitted, and
were witnesses to the happiness that all
manifefted : they seemed much gratified
and affedted at the fight; it formed the
ftrimgeft contrail with those they had so
lately seen. Mr. Bei trand offered them
money, which they would on no account
accept, declaring that they were already
paid for accompanying him irt the o-:ly
way they desired. After remaining a
considerable time, {hey took their leave,
wishing the lady all happiness, and
thanking Mr. Bertfarid for aljowing
them the pleasure of being witnefTes to
so pleafirig a meeting.
" No body c»n be more aware than
lam of the inconsistency, which from
this narrative appears in the difpofitiorts
of the fame individuals. That two men
so unfeeling at to be adtivelv engaged in
the relfiorfelefsfcenes at the prison fhotild
have the fenfibiiity to wish to be witnef
fts of the meeting between Mr. Bertrand
and his friends, and behave on the whole
as these two men did, is what no per
son, who has ttudied the usual analogies
and combinations of the human difpofi
tions, would have expected. The firft
turn of mind seems incompatible with
the second: I know no theory by whirh
they can be reconciled ; 1 attempt no
explanation ; I repeat the fadts as I have !
them from authority to which I cannot
refufe my,belief, and because they form
a new instance of the astonishing variety,
and even opposition of character to be
found irt that wonderful creature,
Man."
— , ...i111 ■
LAW OF THE UNITED
STATES.
An ACT maitng certain alterations in
the act for ejlaulifhing the judicial courts,
and altering the time andpLice of hold
ing certain courts.
See. 1. T) E it enaßed by the Senate
I 1 and Hdufe of Reprefenta
fives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That the diftridt
judges of the United States be autho
rized to appaint acommiffioncrorcom
miffioners, before whom, appraisers of
(hips or vessels, or goods, wares and
merchandize, feiz.ed for breaches of any
law of the United States, may be fvrorn
. *r affirmed ; and that fueh qualificati
ons made before fucn commissioner or
. commissioners, shall be, to all intents
. and purposes, as effectual, as if the fame
were taken before the said judges in
, open court.
Sec. 2. And be it further enaßed,
" That the stated terms of the diftridt
courts of Massachusetts, Penrifylvania,
, and Georgia, be changed, and that, in
, future, the said courts in Massachusetts
[ fftali be held on the third Tuesday in
, March, the fourtlv Tuesday in June,
the second Tuesday in September, and
, the firft Tuesday in December; in
Pennsylvania, on the third Mondays in
. February, May, August and November;
j and in Georgia, at the times and places
following ; in the city of Savannah, on
j the second Tuesdays in February, May
and August, and in Augusta, on the
. second Tuesday in November; And
. that the circuit court of the diftritt of
. Delaware hereafter commence on the
. second Monday i» June, instead of the
s twenty seventh day of April, any law
. to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sec. 3. And be it farther enaßed,
j That the state of North Carolina (hall
s be divided into three diftridta, in which
r the diftrift court of the said state shall
t be held at fueh times and places, as are
- already ascertained by law, that is to
, fay; the diftrift of WHmnigton to in
j chide all the counties of the state dif
j tridts of Morgan, Salisbury, Fayetteville
and Wilmington :—the diftrid of New
t hern to include all the counties of the
. state diftridts of Hillfborough, Halifax
. and Newbern ; —And Edenton to in
r elude all the counties of the district of
. Edenton : and that all process, pleas,
. adtions, suits and other proceedings,
originating in the diftridta, refpe&ively,-
shall be returnable to the fefiion of said
court to be held at the place diredtcd
by law, within the fame ch'ftridt, where
the cause commenced, and there to be
kept with the record thereof, until the
final end and determination of the fame.
And, to the end that suitors, witnefTes
and all others concerned, may have no
tice of this alteration in the said courts,
the marshal of the faiddiftridl of North.
Carolina is hereby reqniied to make the
lame known by proclamation, on or be
fore the firft day of Al.f~r.ft next.
Sec. 4. And be it further enaßed,
That any person living within either of
the dittiicts aforefaid, who hereafter
shall be arretted, by »irtne of process is
suing out of the court of either ot the
said diftridls, other than that in which
tie (hall so refrde, shall be drfchaiged
therefrom, on his entering his appear
ance, and giving bail to the a&ion, in
the court of tke dfftridt in which he
{hall so reside, in like manner, and to
the like effect, as if the said process had
otiginally been issued out ot the court
within the said last mentioned diftridt.
Sec. 5. And be if further enaßed,
That all process, adtions, pleas, suits
and other proceedings, which have been
commenced and returned to the separate
several fefftofis of the diftridt court, at
fuph places appointed by law for hold
ing thereof, shall he tried at she place
in each diflrict, were tire fame were
firft mide returnable.
Sec. 6. And be it further enaßed
That the clerk of the said diftridt court,
Mil, at each of the places aforefaid,
keep a diftindl docket and record of
fuclr business, returnable as aforefaid, or
which may be returned to thefeflion to
be held at the said |daces, refpedtively,
at which places of return, the said busi
ness (hall be finally heard and determin
ed as aforefaid.
Sec. 7. And te it further enaßed,
That so much of the aft to establish the
judicial courts of the United States, as
is, or may be construed to require the
attendance of the marshals of all the dif
trifts,at thefuprertie court, shall be, and
the fame is hereby Repealed : And that
the said court shall be attended, during
itsfeffion, by the marshal of the diftridt
only, in which the court lhall fit, unless
the attendance of the marshals of other
diftridts (lull te required by the special
order of the said conVt.
Sec. 8. And be it f 'irtl.tr enaßed,
That from and after the last day of Sep
tember next, the diftridt court for the
state of Kentuckey, shall be held in the
town of Frankfort, any thing'in any
former afi to the contrary notwithftand
rr —r--^.—^
Approved, June the nitiThy 1794.
UNITED STJTES.
NEWBURYPORT, July 19
On Tuesday last Capt. Nathan Poor
arrived here from Martinico, in 21 davs
—he informs that the French took pos
session of Grandterre, Guadaloupe, on
the 4th of June. The English fleet,
confuting <yf the Vengeance of 80 guns
two 74's, one of 40, and a sloop of
war, paiTtd Fort Royal the Bth June,to
attack Point Petit. Capt. P. was not
permitted, to take any produce from the
island, owing as Admiral Jervis inform
ed him, to the following Circumstance.
Tile Arittocrats, in ordef to regain the
property they had left lir the islands, pe
titioned the court of Britain to fend
out a fleet to take poffeflion of them,
offering to defray the ex pence, which
amounted to 520,000 livres, to be pro
portioned as follows : Martinico,
220,000, Guadaloupe, 200,000, and
St. Lucia, 100,000. The commifiion
crs appointed to colled! the fame were
seizing upon all the property they could,
without discrimination. Capt. P. in
forms that Admiral Jervis had not 400
well men ,in the fleet, when he left Mar
tinique.
The following is extracted from the
Log Book of the brig Mary, Captain
Moulton, arrived here on Wednesday
last, in days from Oftend.—June 2,
hit. 48, 07, at 4 o'clock, a. m. saw a
fleet of 27 fail, standing to the East
ward. They had four of the fleet in
tow, oifmafted. At 10, a. m. saw 32
fail ftandmg to the wellward, which is
supposed to be the French fleet from
the Chefapeak, and the English fleet
from Portsmouth which failed in pur
furt of them.—From which wi conclude
they mult have had an engagement pre
vious to the above date.
, DOVER, (N. H.) July 12.
From a Correspondent.
Rochester, July sth 1794.
Yesterday being the anniversary of the
American Independence, was celebrated
by a tefpedtable number of gentlemen
in this town. The day was ufh-'red in
by firing of a cannon, and hoifting'the
flag of the United States. At halfpnft
twelve a lengthy porctfron moved from
Major S. Per kin's, to the meeting house,
under a military escort, where a pertinent
and elegent oration was delivered by
joseph Clark Esq. preceded and fol
lowed bv mulic. After which tile pro
cession returned to Major Perkin's where
a number of getlemen with the officer*
of Major Fuber's battalion partook of
of an elegant dinner, at which the fol
lowing Toasts were drank under a dis
charge of cannon.
I. The United States of America
may they long continue the brighted
constellation in the political hemisphere.
3. Washington—the patriot warrior
—the virtuous llatefman—may he long
continue Columbia's pride and boast.
3. Tlfe day we celebrate; may its
blessings be handed down uncontamina
ted to the latetl posterity.
4. The (late of Newhampfhire ; may
her citizens be dillinguifhed for in
duttry, frugality and love of freedom.
5. Our countrymen in slavery at Al
giers ; may they soon be reftoied to the
embraces of their anxious friends.
6. The Indian tribes j may the great
spirit foften their ferocious minds, and
to dispose them to a faered observance
of treaties, .
7. The Frencti nation ; may they be
■as fuccefsful in edabl!filing a free govern
ment as they have be.nin dcftroving ty
ranny and repelling the attacks of com
bined despots.
8. The Marquis ae la Fayette, may
he soon be liberated from the darkforne
dungeon of despotism and restored to
life, liberty and happiness.
g. Commerce; may the American
Flag be seen .flying and refpefted among
all commercial Nations.
io. The arts and fci'etices; may they
be excercifed for the aftabliftiment of
of the freedom and happiness of man.
11. The Heroes, who have fought
bled or fallen in the glorious cause of
freedommay their memory be em
balmed in the breads of America's sons.
12. The Vice President; may his Pa
triotic exertions in the cause of liberty
never be forgotten by Americans.
13. The Polanders, may they be
freed from the Ruffian and Prussian yoke,
and enjoy in peace the rights of mankind.
14. Thomas Paine
15. Allsiankind, may the time soon
arrive when vice fliall be extirpated,
and virtue and happiness triumphant
throughout the world.
PHILADELPHIA,
JULY 26.
SArf A Correspondent.
There are many doctrines advanced at
the pfelent day which are pregnant with
all the miseries that a people can fuffer
from a slate of disorganization, and law
less liberty. One is that " the people have
all power in the : r hands" —whenever this
aflertion is made with reference to the peo
ple in diftinflon from, or opp ifiuon to
theif government —it is a folecilm, un!cfs it
means that too powers can exist at the
fame time. The only correct republican
idea iff, that all power is inherent in the
people. The government is the creaiure
of tnis power ; the administrators the or
gans of the public will —So long therefore
as the government exifts,the power of the
people is delegated ; and the moment that
power is resumed by the people, the go
vernment is extinil. To fay that " the
people have all power ill their hands, but
this is not the power of the bayonet or of
the sword" is to fay that the whole, is not
equal to all its parts.
That an excise was odious in some parts
of the Union is true —Vint it will be found
equally true, that it is odious in thofc parts
ouly, where every species of taxation is 0-
dious.
That the Government of the L'mted
States has attempted to enforce any of its
laws by rigorous means, in any part of
the Union, would puzzle the molt invete
rate of its enemies to prove : there is per
haps no better way of accounting for the
late outrageous opposition to the excif in
a particular part of the wilderness, than
from the lenity, patience, forbearance,ana
lojig-fuffering of the Government with
some daring offenders, who are pulled up
with the doiftrine that all power is in their
hands. Surely (aid they, the day of reck
oning (;an never come.
Tranjlated from the Courier Francois of
this moniitig.
Some pafTengers arrived here yesterday
from Martinique, which place lh<y et
the 4th inft. report, that notwithftanunig
all the precautions taken by the Lnghsii lO
hide what pafles at Guadaloupe,they leaiiu
that the French had fifteen hundred iionps
of the line and two hundred cannomeia -t
Point a Petre. Thai the Engiiih hat. i-r.t .<
times lent to Martinique for relief ; a
their forts were almcft totally uufumUh
ed ; that the English, having a
J battery of three mortars on A
( whence they bombarded Point a Petre, the
| French, after two iinfuccefsful attacks, car
• ried it the third time by assault,
t any other amis than lworda, surprising . - e
Euglifh while asleep, at about 1 o cloc in
\ the. morniiig, killed all they founu, a®