L Li-., V ."
-; i -' '
HENRY A. PARSONS, Jr., Editor and Publisher.
NIL. DESPERANDUM.
Two Dollars per Annum.
VOL. XI.
RIDGWAY, ELK COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 29. 1881.
NO. 45.
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My llenrt's Voice.
To my heart's voice I liatonoil, listened,
When life was bright ami hope was strong,
When grief was short and joy was long,
To my heart's voice t listened, listened,
And lo I it was a song,
A merry song.
To my heart's voice 1 listened, listened,
When gathering clouds o'orcast the sky,
When joy was far and grief was nigh,
"Xomy heart's voico I listened, listened,
And lo 1 it was a sigh,
A heavy sigh.
To my heart's voice I listened, listened,
When earthly pain knew heavenly balm,
When trouhlo deep knew deeper calm,
To my heart's voico I listened, listened,
And lo 1 it was a psnlm,
A boly psalm.
A NEW YEAH CHOICE.
One might think, who saw her life,
that few people led a lonelier life thaa
Nina Trcutice did. An orphan with
narrow means, keeping up her dead
father's house, there was little visible
excitement in such an existence. Yet
hers was a temperament that did not
Tequire excitement, and that found hap
piness where others would not dream
of looking for it. Her garden and her
flowers were like a household to her;
the poor all over the little hill-town af
forded Lcr occupation; she visited
somewhat among a few wealthy ac
quaintances; and, for the rest, if she
Jhad such day dreams as other young
girls aro wont to indulge, no one was
any wiser for them.
Nobody knew that her friend's father,
the wealthy Mr. Barnes, had made her
a standing offer .f marriage anytime
within the last three years; nobody
knew from her that Bryce Ilanscom
went out to a Mexican ranch because
she had no smiles to give him; nobody
knew whether Harold Hartley's face
ever glanced out of tho windows of her
castles in the air; nobody knew whether
one New Year's day she looked forward
to the next with any wonder as to what
it might bring her of sorrow or joy.
She was so sweet, so silent, so gentle,
that people in general knew no more
of her emotions than of those of the
statue of some saint in its churchly
niche.
Yet it was only on the last New Year's
evening that, if any one had been able
to look behind her curtains, they would
have seen her on her knees before the
low blaze of her fire, crying as if her
heart would break, burying her face in
her hands and longing for the night
when ' ' this fever called living " should
be over at last.
" New Years and New Z ears I" she
sobbed. "Ah! ho"v can I bear an
other so alone 1"
Perhaps Mrs. Hartley, her mother's
old intimate, had some faint idea of the
lire that burned under this crust of
snow. But Mrs. Hartley was not en
tirely impartiul in her judgment of the
Rirl, and it was her morning and even
ii g prayer that Nina should at some day
Htaml iu a closer relation to her than
i-he did at present, tut, an that would
be impossible without her son Harold's
intervention, she left no stone unturned
to that end. Mrs. Hartley thought she
knew a great deal better what was good
for her son then he did; and when she
had made up her mind t' at ho had
better marry Nina Prentice, it was be
cause she consulted his best welfare
possibly without complete regard to
Nina's. She knew that Harold, although
so affectionate, was of a high temper;
and that Nina had inexhaustible stores
of still patience, and that that, still pa
tience would await the time when he
should come back to her, no longer the
knight errant, spurred by a restless
nature, but a quiet and dignified gentle
man, ready to take his father's honored
place in tho community. Her ap
proaches in the question were exceed
ingly gentle; yet not so gentle that
they d d not put Harold on his guard,
so that he was like the hinted doer,
gnufling the gale afar off.
" Well, mother, I thank goodness,"
he said, with a light laugh, on detect
ing her meaning, "that we do not live
in France, and that you can't go and in
quire Nina's dot and settle the "
"It's a very good dot, Haiold. Just
a snug little income to keep the wolf
from the door and satisfy reasonable
wants; and it would be vastly better for
any husband than launching out on the
Ircmendcua fortune of Miss Barnes,
with palaces, so to say, and yachts and
racing horse?."
" Just give mo the chance to see it if
it is. Go to Miss Barnes, mother,"
cried Harold, oyly. "Ask the amount
of her dot, and if your scapegrace of a
son is worth it. Yachts and racing
horses I I like the idea."
' Oh, Harold !"
" But Miss Barnes is a beauty, too,
mother, and very sweet and gay. The
man that names her needn't marry for
her money at all. She would have lov
ers if she hadu't a penny in her own
right. 'Don't ee marry fur money, but
go wheor money be,' " quoted Harold.
"Excellent advice, that old northern
farmer's. An I'll go 'where money be
to-night," as he drew on his gloves.
' Don't talk so, Harold. Don't talk
60, even in jest. Miss Barnes may be
well enough, for all I know, but her
money would destroy you, who were
not born to money. You would do
nothing and come to nothing. But as
for Nina Trentico, as I said, she's a
saint."
" Wouldn't do at all for a wife then.
Wivos mustn't be too good 'for human
nature's daily food.' Think of reprov
ing a saint because the buckwheats
were flat, or the buttons off. Adios, you
managing mamma," and he was gone.
It was a misty summer night, so
thick one could hardly see a star. But
those ringing steps needed no guiding
star to direct them; for, to tell the
truth, Harold Hartley suspected himself
of being already more than half in love
with Mies Barnes. Undoubtedly, there
was something in her superb surround
ings that added to her own charms;
and she seemed, too, as -entirely at
home in them as the flower that blos
soms in the rich, moist air of the hot
bouse. That velvet lawn, set with its
flaming exotics and beds of flowers,
with the lofty porches and wide halls
behind it, the dimly-lit drawing rooms,
and the dining-room, with its generous
fideboard all the consciousness of
ease and comfort and delight of the
senses about the place made visiting
Miss Barnes a very pleasant way of
passing time ; and then, moreover, us
her father was a prominent; man ot
affairs among the politicians of the
country, one met there people who en
larged tho mental horizon and made a
man think for himself and think more
of himself.
To-night, however, as he went alone,
his mother's words gave him a little
thought, and it did occur to him that it
was unwise to let himself become so
used to all this splendor and luxury on
a venture ; for, after all, a girl of such
wealth and fascination as Miss Barnes
had her choice from a crowd of lovers,
of whom he was but one and the least
conspicuous.
Just as these salutary reflections stole
through his mind his ear was caught by
the crying of a child, and he paused to
look into the window of the cottage
that he was passing, and to see a woman
hushing a little child, whose face was
now hidden in her neck a slender,
darkly-clad woman, who moved here
and there, with tho baby on her arm,
and attended to the wants of a number
of other children, while a man sat at
tho table, with his arms thrust out
straight before him and his head fallen
between them, in an attitude of abjjet
despair. The womau's back was to
ward him all tho time ; but something
about her reminded him of Nina Pren
tice. " Pretty much what I might expect,
I suppose," groaned Harold, " if I
obeyed my mother. By George 1" as
the woman half turned, a sweet, fair,
sad face, and delicate profile of figure,
" I believe it is Nina I"
But its absurdity destroy the fancy,
and ho went on his way, whistling a bar
or two of the " Wanderer," and would
have beeu vary shortly with Miss
Barnes, had he not been detained by a
discussion with a chance friend at a
corner ; and had not then stepped into
a pool of water, and beeu obliged to
hunt up a bootblack, the little wretch
afterward keeping him waiting for his
change.
" I declare," said he to Nina, when
at last he reached Miss Barnes par
lors, " I thought I saw you married to
a drunken laborer, as I came along to
night, with a gang ot babies clamber
ing round"
' What made you think him drunk
en?' asked Nina, with her sweet serious
ness. "Oh! the looks of him th3 arms on
tin table, the fallen head, unkempt,
unshorn, you know, and all tho rest."
" I suppose," said Nina, "thatapoor
man, whose wife lay dead in the other
room, might look much that way."
" 1 believe it was you!" cried Harold.
" Do 1 look like it!" she asked, light
ly. ' And have I a dual existence, to
bo hero and there too ? " And then,
as Haiold glauccd hrr over, in her airy
mulins aud forget-mo-nots, he smiled
at tho idea; and she see med til at once
asdill'eieut from that woman, and from
all other women, ns if she had stepped
out of another star. Yet, for all that, a
man dees not care to marry a woman
who is different from all other women
simply to oblige his mother.
" What are you two talking about V
asked Miss Barnes, standing before
them just then, the picture of a Bac
chante, with her head bound with cur
rant leaves and her clustering curls like
grape bunches about her dark and
laughing face. "Are you promising
Nina that you will come to Washing
ton this winter ? Nina is to be with me
there for the holidays, you know. ' If
you should, swell my list on New
Year's." And then she went dancing
down the room, for the misty night
had driven evsrybody within doors; and
a waiter was just bringing in a tray of
juleps.
"When I was a little coufirmed
drunkard of the age of ten I signed the
pledge," said Miss Barnes,conveyingtho
waiter to Harold. " But I didn't k 'ow
how nice juleps wero. Now I am totally
depraved. Here, Mr. Hartley. Nina I
It's quite as immoral to drink lemonade
with straws as mint juleps. The sin
lies altogether in the straws 1"
" It depends on the individual
whether there is any sin about it, 1
think," said Nina. " But I love lem
onade. A lemon seems to carry cool
ness into the tropics."
" And you don't know why you
should burn your throat- that long,
white throat out with tho other? Get
thee to a nunnery!" As the gay girl
lifted her glowing glass to the wax
lights, Harold whispered to Nina, " I
don't believe the Bacchantes used
straws," and was astonished that Nina
did not laugh. But that night the faces
of the two girls kept shining upon him
out of the darkness, as he walked
home. The one the self-indulgent,
laughing beauty; tho other, if not
beautiful, yet certainly a lovely face in
its fairness and perfect calm. And the
girl lifting her glass to the glow of tho
wax lights did not seem to him so
charming as before.
" Do you know," 6aid Mr. Hartley's
mother, one twilight, some time after
ward, "I'm afraid I have been doing an
injustice to Miss Barnes? She really
has a heart. Those poor McNultys I
When Mrs. McNulty died she used to
go down there every evening, and carry
a supper, aud hear the children's
prayers, and put them to bed, and
leave a breakfast set out for the father
in the morning. Just think of that
girl doing such things I"
"Did she tell you that she did,
mother ?" asked Harold.
' Well, no. That is, not exactly. I
heard that one of the Hill ladies was
down at the McNnlty's doing these
tnings, and tpoke of it incidentally to
Miss Barnes; and she asked me to say
nothing ubout it, and said she only did
what she oouldn'thelp doing; and when
I said I thought it a great deal for her
to leave all lei gay lire erery sunset,
and go down there, night after night,
and wait on that family, nd then hurry
home to her household of company, she
colored up so prettily, and said we were
all stewards, tnd it was duty and pleas
ure, too, to do what Jab e could."
" Humph !" said Harold Hartley, ne
know very well now who it was that he
saw through the window of the Mc
Nulty cottage. But, after all, a pretty
face covers a multitude of sins. He
set about forgetting the deceit; he
reasoned that it was a girlish jest, sig
nifying nothing; and he went to Wash
ington all tuo same, shortly atter the
holiday season arrived, and presented
himself among the fiist New Yeat's
callers at the great doors of Mr. Barnes'
residence there.
"Ah! have you come?" cried Miss
Barnes, hurrying to meet him. " We
were so afraid you wouldn't. And now
you know so few people in town that
you have no calls to make, and I want
you to stay the whole day here with us.
I've a perfect crowd of pretty girls to
help mo receiv , and a dear deaf-and-dumb
old duenna for a chaperon, and it
will bo one long festival I Will you have
some refreshment now? Champaane
punch? There's some Madeira, fifty
years old. Ah! i here's the bell. Every
man to his post ! There are no privates
here; but I'm captain-general !" and she
danced back to her place, well content
that Mr. Hartley should see the trium
phal procession that the day wai likely
to be.
And a triumphal procession it was
ihejennnesne dnree. Loungers, clerks,
attaches, members, senators, secre
taries, officers in their splendid uni
forms, all swelled the ranks, swept
through the great house, and kept it
thronged with groups m the rose draw
ing room, groups in the gray parlor, in
the music hall, the dining-room and
the conservatory.
As tho day wore on Miss Barnes,
with a portion of her attendants, was
as much in the dining-room ns the
drawing-room, sauntering in with one
and out with another, or standing under
the heavy curtains between the rooms.
What a picturo she made. Horold
thought, in her scarlet satins, with yel
low poppies in her hair, against the
background of tho citrine-colored cur
tains. There she was now, taking that
enetian gem of a decanter from a ser
vant, aud herself pouring wine for an
old senator, who had perhaps already
too much. Here came a parcel of gold-
laced officers, flushed and gay and hand
some. What did she mean by urging
that old port on the half-tipsy boy
among them, while the others laughed
and jested ?
Harold was not ordinarily troubled
with scruples ; but this seemed to him
to pass the limits of a jest, and ho ex
perienced a sense of relief as he saw a
lady approach in the shadow of the cur
tain, and placing her hand on his arm
lead the boy away. Gowned in gleaming
white satin, her shining shapo crossed
that searlot blaze like tho passing of a
moonbean, and knowing who it was
and thinking she might have trouble,
Harold followed ; but it was only to
find Nina alone in the gray parlor, the
boy having laughed her cup of bouillon
to scorn and left her out of hand.
" Isn't it too bad ?" she said, with a
laugh that was half a sigh, after all.
"He asked mo if I was a temperance
lecturer, and called this delicious bouil
lon 1 slops.' Will you have it ? '
" Where have you been all day ?'' he
said, setting down the cup.
" Oh ! I am on duty on this side. We
are all stationed by plan of battle ; but
most of my battalion have deserted to
the other rooms. Isn't this a lovely
one ? It almost unfits a person for
quiet life at home, these gay nights and
days. It would, at least, if one were
quite at rest in it."
It was a lovely room. It tempted all
Harold's old love of ease and luxury.
The gray velvet on tho floor, draping
tho walls, covering the cushioned
divans, wearing a frosty bloom under
tho silver chandeliers, tho delicate
carved jades, and ivories, and spars, the
one white-winged marble, it seemed
somehow as if Nina herself had taken
shapo from all these pure, pearly
shadows. He looked through the
gleaming arches that led from room to
room and saw the scarlet-clad and
golden-crowned beauty standing there,
with the ruby glass suspended in her
hand as she offered it to some new
guest, and a strange shudder stole over
him.
Unjust as it might be, for that single
moment the one of ths two girls was
like a p cture of the incarnation of sin
and the other of innocence. He re
membered the icy morning, a few weeks
ago, when he had seen JSina iu her
swansdown mantle holding up a sheaf
of wheat against the blue sky, and a
hundred little btlated birds hovering
round it, with whirring wings and chir
ruping cries, and he turned and looked
at Nina with a piercing gaze again, be
fore which her soft eyes fell, till the
blushes streamed up to meet the lashes;
and as he gazed knowledge came slo ly
swelling np in Harold's heart and soul
that, whatever attraction dark and
glowing beauty and luxurious surround
ings had had for his senses, it had heen
for his senses alone, and that the love
of his life had suddenly sprung, full
grown and winged for an eternal flight
so eternal that now, in the first mo
ment of its recognition, he could no
moro tell if it had ever had beginning
and if it would ever havj an end. So
white, so fair, so sweet, so pure was it
possible ho had been blind to it all for
years ? Ho white, so fair, so sweet, so
pure, was it possible that he could
win her? Would she take the poor
remnant he had to give his jettnessa
epuinee.
For one brief moment Harold Hart
ley felt pangs of punishment that seemed
to have lasted for years, and he felt like
a sad old man as he still gazed at her.
But he was one not to be long daunted,
either by his own unworthiness or by
the cruelty of fate, la a heart beat or
two he was himself again, and he
plunged in, aware that, even if she
would have none of him now, it gave
him the vantage-ground of her compas
sion for the future.
" I am glad," he said, "that you are
not at rest in this life. It is a different
life that I wish you to share. Nina, is
it possible " And then a little hand
stole into his, and he led her away into
I the palm shadow of the conservatory.
Ah 1 what a fool I have been." he was
saying, exultantly, as he bent over her.
"Why did 1 never Know that l loved
you before?"
" 1 always leu you am, sue was mur
muring to reply. "I always knew you
would if not here, then hereafter.
For I never remember the time when I
did not love you 1"
"And this New lears day," he said,
" is the gnteway of a new life for both
of us. Ah 1 with God's help, what a
life lies before ns 1"
Progress of Iron Industrie!!.
The census bureau of the govern
ment has issued one of its special bul
letins relative to the iron and steel in
dustries of the United States, wtieh,
says the Lancaster (Pa.) Nete Em, is
full if interesting facts, and reveals
the marvelous progress we have made in
this direction during iLe past 'decade.
There is at the present time a capital of
$230,971,884 invested in the business,
against $121,772,074 ten years ago,
showing an increase during the brief
period of more than eighty -nine per
cent. In 1880 only twenty-five States and
Territories had engaged in the produc
tion of iron and steel, but Kansas, Ne
braska and Colorado, as well as the
Territories of Utah and Wyoming,
have s nee commenced operations,
making a total of thirty States and
Territories of iron and steel.
Pennsylvania has for a hundred years
been the great iron making State of the
Union. In 1870 we niaJe fifty per cent,
of the entire production of the country.
We have held our own remarkable well
during a past decade, having increased
our output ninety-seven per cent., and
in 1880 we still made forty-nine per
cent, of the country's entire production,
notwithstanding that the industry has
been wonderfully stimulated all over
the country during the past ten years.
f ennsyivania s product in 1S7U was
1,836,808 tens ; in 1880 it was 3,616,
608 tons. The increase in tons all over
the country between 1870 and 1880 was
from 3,0uu 215 tons to 7,265,140 tons,
or ninety-nine per cent , a most won
derful increase.
Ohio more nearly approaches ns in
her iron productions than any other
State, her product in 1870 having been
44'J,7G8 tons, and in 1880 930,141 tons,
an increase of 107 per cent. New York
comes next, but her rate of growth in
her iron product is much less than that
of Pennsylvania or Ohio, having been
only thirty-three per cent, between
1870 to 1880. Her product in the lat
ter year was 598,300 tons. Illinois has
taken New Jersey's place as fourth
among our iron producing States; in
1870 tho made only 25,701 tons, which
increased to 417,908, an increase of
1,522 per cent, in ten years. Mary
land has fallen from 'ho fifth place
in 18(10 to the tweltrh in 18S0, having
made an increase of only sixteen per
cent. Missouri has mado great progress,
beirg now tho sixth State 6n the list.
Some of the Southern States, notably
West Virginia, Alabama, Georgia, Ten
nessee and Delaware.have shown largely
increased production. Of all the States
that made iron or steel in 1870, three
alone, South Carolina, North Carolina,
and Maine, have fallen off in their pro
duct of these metals. Under the re
m :rkable demand of the railroad inter
ests of the country, we may, for a
number of years at least, see this im
portant industry make equally rapid
strides.
Dr. Holland as a School-Master.
The experience of the late Dr. J. G.
Holland as superintendent of schools at
Vieksburg is thus recounted by Edward
Esrcleston in the Century: At the end
of tho tedious river voyago he found
that the publio schools which he had
been called upon to superintend had
not yet been organized, and that, be
yond a department for girls, they had
no existence. Dr. Holland was warned
that discipline was out of the question
that if he exacted obedience he would
bo put out by the larger boys. There
ensued a stern fight for supremacy be
tween him and his rebellious pupils, in
which his quick decision of character
gave him the mastery. Even at a later
day than this, such a thing in the
Southwest as the shooting ot a school
master for whipping a boy was not
unknown, and it is a wonder that Dr.
Holland escaped violence. Nothing but
his superior quickness and unfaltering
courage saved him. Once the larger
boys resolved on revenge. One who
had suffered a sharp punishment at his
hands provided himself with a club,
and, backed by a crowd of burly, over
grown school-fellows, waited to attack
the teacher on his way tothepostollice.
Seeing the .irowd, snd knowing its
meaning, Dr. Holland fixed his steady
dark eyes on the one who held the
club, clenched his fists, and walked
straight forward through tho midst of
the group, which melted slowly away
at the approach of the terrible master.
When tho rebels had dispersed, the
teacher found the prints of his nails in
the palms of his hands. Though he staid
In Vieksburg but fifteen months he
made a revolution in its educational
system. In less than a year from his
coming the private schools were all
given up, except one which derived its
support from out-of-town pupils. The
schools were graded and wers taught in
one building under his supervision.
Slate Pencils.
The hard black Germanslate pencil
has been superseded of late years by the
round white pencil of clay slate. At
the quarry near Castleton, Vt., about
thirty-fivo workmen produce 50,000
pencilB daily, and it is proposed to in
crease the daily output to 100,000. The
blocks when quarried are sawed into
pieces seven by twelve inches, split to
a thickness of a half inch and smoothed
by a planer. The blockjs passed
under a semi-circular knife, and after
having been turned over the process is
repeated. The result is fifty seven-inch
pencils. A particle of quartz is the
block would break all the pencils.
They are pointed by a grindstone,
turned, assorted, and gent to market in
boxes of a hundred ;
Codfish skins are now used in the
manufacture of Ugat gloves.
SCIENTIFIC FARMING.
The Binullen of " ftlountnln Hide "-Mr.
Theoilorn llavemei'er'p' Great Experi
ment In the ltnmnDO Vnllev.
"Mountain Side," the farm of Mr.
Theodore A. Havemeyer, of New York,
lies in Bergen county, New Jersey,
twenty-nine miles from New York city,
in the beautiful Bamapo valley, which
at this point is scarcely a mile wide.
Through the farm, from north to south,
flows the Ramapo river. "Mountain
Bide" comprises six hundred acres,
three hundred of which lie in the val
ley and are tinder cultivation, and the
remainder on the sides of the moun
tains, which at this point rise to the
height of about six hundred feet. The
farm is under the superintendence and
management of Mr. John Mayer, an
educated farmer, who learned his art in
the State of Rhode Island, aud who is
assisted by a foreman, and employs in
the management of the farm from thirty
to forty men, who are all comfortably
cared for in suitable cottages. In the
construction of the buildings an aver
age number of seventy-five men were
constantly employed for a year and a
half.
The main road from Sufferns to
Pomrjton passes almcst through the
center of Mountain Side, from north to
south. Mr. Havemeyer's barn, dairy
and silos are comprised in one building,
forming the letter T. The barn proper
stands east Bnd west, and contains the
cattle-floor, the hay-loft, feed-bins avd
manure-cellars. The south wing con
tains the ice-house, dairy, engine-room
and quarters for the dairyman. In the
noith wing are the silos. The length
of the barn from east to west is 263
feet, its width forty-four feet; the length
from north to Bouth, including thediary
and silos, is 263 feet, the south end
being thirty-one feet wide, and the
north end, or silos, forty feet wide.
Beneath the barn on each side and di
rectly under the cattle are the manure
cellars, each fourteen feet in width and
180 in length. Under the center of the
barn and surrounded by the manure
beds is a room for keeping roots, 150
feet long and fifteen feet, wide, with
stone walls and cemented sides iind
bottom; this root cellar is thoroughly
ventilated by flues of its own, quite dis
connected from those for the manure
cellar aud for the cattle floor above.
At the extreme west end of the
barn cellar, between the two
cartways, is built a cistern of ce
mented work 53 feet long, 15 feet wido
and 12 feet deep, having a capacity of
35,000 gallons of water, which is sup
plied from the river. From this great
cistern, into which, also, the water from
the barn roofs can be carried at will, a
steam pump raises water to two large
tanks high up in each end of the main
barn, and from these tanks, giving an
excellent head, water is supplied by a
system of pipes to all parts of the
various buildings. Biici of this cistern
stands the gas machine, which supplies
the house and all the buildings with
light. Entering the main floor of the
barn one is struck with its immensity of
size, its cleanliness, and the absence ofe
all odors. It is 42 feet wide in th
clear, and has two ranges of stalls, one
on either side, numbering in all 98,
while the distance between the stalls
and the center is 13 feet. These stalls
are 5 feet long and 3 feet 0 inches wide,
with a gutter 1 foot 6 inches
wide and 4 inches in depth, running in
tho rear 5 feet from the head of the
stalls. Behind the stalls is a passage
way 8 feet wide, extending along the
sides of tho bam. At the end of the
row of ftalk on tho right are 10 boi
stalls, 12 feet long, 8 feet wide and 4
feet 4 inches high, in which at all
times are kept some of the most valu
able animals, and others, when they aro
calving. In the center of the floor, ex
tending the whole length of the barn
and connecting with the silos, is a rail
road track. The height of the barn,
from the floor to the hay-mows, is 10
feet; the latter are 13 feet high, and
extend the length of the barn, to the
roof, having a capacity for 300 tons of
hay. The barn has the best system of
ventilation and lighting which can be
devised. Both in winter and summer
the air here is pure, and almost free
from odor.
The engine-room occupies that por
tion of the south wing which lies im
mediately contiguous to the main
building, and is 30 feet'long by
29 feet wide, with a floor above
for storing machinery, etc. In it is
an engine of fifteen-horse power; the
pump which forces the water from the
river to the cistern in the barn having
a capacity of . 1,500 gallons per hour,
Adjoining the engine-room is the ice
house, which is 36 feet long and
27 feet wide, with a storage
capacity of 400 tons of ice. Beneath
the ice-house, on a level with with the
ground in the rear the building being
on the slope of a hill is a summer
dairy, which has the same dimensions as
the ice-house, except the height, which
is 10 feet from the floor to the ceiling.
The floor and sides are tiled, and the
ceiling is finished with tsh boards,
planed, tongued and grooved. The
facilities for ventilation are such
that the temperature can be
kept at about 40 degrees in
summer, and regulated at will. Ad
joining is a room on a level with the
summer dairy, 49 feet long and
29 feet wide. It forms a base
ment, while above it is the winter
dairy of the same dimensions. The
two are connected by an inclosed ele
vator, and also by a staircase. The
floor, sides and ceiling of the winter
dairy are also tiled in variegated colors
and artistic figures, affording, with the
blue and white tintp, a most agreeable
and restful picture. These rooms,
fitted so as to cream the milk by cold
sir alone, or by deep setting in water,
have capacity for handling the milk of
four hundred cows. A shaft fromt he
engine-room runs through the dairy
work room, so that power can be had
whenever desired. Above is the dairy
man s residence.
The north wing of the barn, devoted
exclusively to the silos, is 99 feet lonu
and 40 feet wide. The peculiarity
of this part of the work is tbst the
silos, although 25 f6et deep, stand en
tirely above ground. Upon a massive
stone foundation cencrete walls 2 1-2
feet thick were constructed, forming
originally four large silos ; two at tho
south end are 59 feet long and 14 feet
wide, their ends against the main barn,
and two 35 feet long and 12 feet wide
extend across the north end of tho silo
wing. All are inclosed and covered by
a strong frame building, its exterior
uniform with the rest of the barn. The
filling is done from the outside, the
cutters standing upon a concrete pave
ment east of the north wing, carriers
conveying the cut stuff through large
doors 25 foet above, and into any com
partment desired. The ensilage is cut
out from the top, and with hoisting ap
paratus carried to the tramway on the
feeding floor.
Mr. Havemeyer's barn for bulls is
divided iiito five compartments, 12 by
12, each connecting with a yard 25 by
12. There is also a larpe yard on one
side of this building. The calf pen is
125 feet long by 16 wide-, and is divided
into four compartments. It is designed
for the care of calves after they are a
month old. Each compartment will
house twelve to twenty calves. In front
is a yard for the heifer calvs, 100 feet
by 100, and another for bulls, 50 by 50.
The latter has four compartments, 25
by 12, with stalls 12 by 12. Mr. Have-
merer raises all his calves, in front of
the chicken-house, which contains 100
light Brahmas, is a yard loO feet iong,
divided into ton compartments running
lengthwise of the yard, 8 feet wide, of
boards 3 feet 6 inches high, and wire 3
feet above. The interior of the house
is divided into ten compartments, 10 by
8, with a hall running through the cen
ter 8 feet wide. The height is 20 feet.
The piggery is divided into 20 styes,
each 8 by 10 feet, and contains 10 styos
on each tide, each opening into a yard
of the samo dimensions. Mr. Have
meyer raises hogs principally for home
use. Under the hoepen is a cellar 80
by 26 feet, with solid stono walls, into
which the manure drops, and into
which that from ho stables is carted
daily; 50 hogs are kept in this cellar to
work tho manure over. They get
enough feed from it, with the addition
of a small quantity of skimmed milk,
to keep them fat. Among the hogs are
ib of the lorkshiro breed and somo
Chester Whites. One hundred head of
Southdown sheep are also kept on the
farm for home use.
There are twenty working horses.
comprising as fin i a lot of agricultural
and draft horses as can be found. J. hey
are kept for the work of the farm, be
sido one yoke of Hereford oxen. The
work horses are kept in box stalls, un
tied. Mr. Mayer says that ho wants
his horses to sleep as comfortably as
his men, and finds that it pays to afford
them a box stall. They do more work
and keep easier. While all the horses
are high-spirited and well bred, they
are made, by care and gentle treatment,
kind and docile.
Mr. Havemever now has ninety-eight
Jersey cows and heifers (every animal
of which is entered iu the herd regis
ter of the American Jersey cattle clul),
and by next spring will have 150. He
has stable room for 200, and will keep
that number of animals. Tho inten
tion is to have 100 head of cows, which,
with the calves and bulls, will equal
about 2U0 head, and to hold an annual
sale at the farm or elsewhere for tho
disposition of the surplus.
The feeding place in front of the
cows is upon tho floor, without .any
other arrangement, in order that the
cattle may obtain their feed clean, and
that no particles shall get into corners
and sour and injure it. The cattle are
watered bv means of a trough, which
can be raised or lowered at will, and is
supplied from the tuiik above. When
it is desired to water them, tho troughs
are lowered, and when not i: use they
are raised to the top of the stable,
Every cow is cleaned daily with a curry
comb and brush. They are treated with
absolute kindness and gentleness. A
:laily record is kept of the milk yield o
every cow. The calf is taken from the
cow when three days old, the cow being
tied up in her place in the stall.
The milk, perfectly sweet, is heated
up to ninety degrees and fed at this
heat, which is the same as the original
temperature when taken from the cow.
The calf is given milk, at first four
quarts every day, in three feedings,
morning, noon and night, inci easing
the quantity as the calf grows. It is
kept in a stall until ten days old, and
then turned out in the morning to ob
tain the benefit of the sun. At a month
old it is turned into the pasture. Until
four months old it is fed with milk, at
the end of that period being given
some ground oats. Each calf is kept
separate until it is three or four months
old. Cows are allowed to gJ into the
yard every day, winter or summer, two
or three hours, for exercise. A month
before calving all meal is taken away
from the cows, and they aro fed on
three quarts of ground oats pjr day, in
two feeds, with all the hay or ground
feed they want. They are put into box
stalls ten days befoie calving, iu order
to get accustomed to the place. This
system is found to prevent milk fever,
Mr. Mayer, who has had the care of
cattle for many years, has never had a
case of milk fever. Francis D. Moutton,
llroke Up Iu a How.
Mr. Bimonin, a warm advocate of
American institutions, recently gave a
lecture before the Geographical society
of .fans, in which he dwelt on the
startling growth of the population of
the United States. In three centnries,
he said, if the present rate of progress
v. as maintained, the United States
would have 1,600,000,000 of people.
At this statement somo one in the au
dience protested, and sneered at the
American nation as a mushroom, v. hich
was soon likely to decay. Others dis
puted the acouracy of his assertions
about the actual growth of the popu
lation. "Wait," said a third, anutil we
get Africa opened and Africa will be
opened then tho emigration ol Eu
rope will be all directed tbither, and
America will see her numbers
diminibhl" 'The colonization of the
African continent is a dream; it cannot
be realized I" cried a fourth. ' It is, on
the contrary, infinitely healthier than
America I" asserted a filth and so the
meeting broke np in a tumult,
The Department of Agrlcnltnre.
In his annual renort Mr. Lorlng, the com
missioner of agriculture, says that upon enter
ing upon the disohargo of his duties on July 1
last ho found an elaborate plan of operations
for the year already laid out by his prede
oessor. Such of the tnvestigationsas he thought
of value he has pushed forward with an ardent
desire to bring them to legitimate conclusions.
The commissioner says: "Provision had boen
made for investigating the agricultural condi
tion of the Pacitlo coast; for continuing the
work on the artesian well in Colorado; for pro
ceeding with the experiment in the cultivation
of the tea-plant; for concluding the investiga
tion into the manufacture of sugar from
sorghum; for observations on the existence of
pleuro-pneumonia and other contagious dis
eases or animals, both In this country and In
those English ports to which American cattle
are exported ;for continued examinations into the
necessities and opportunities of American for
estry; for tests of textile fibers, both animal and
vegetable; for a scientiflo investigation of the
habits of insects injurious to vegotation and of
the best methods of destroying them, and for
the usual work of the various divisions of the
department for which appropriations had been
niado by Congress." AH of theBe subjects have
boen given the most careful attention both by
the commissioner and by experienced exports
in tho various branches, and the report con
tains many valuable conclusions arrived at by
the department. The expenses of tho attempt
to cultivate tho tea-plant in Bouth Carolina
havo been somewhat curtailed without detri
ment to the experiment. One of the experts
Mr. Saunders who has visited the tea farm
established in Summorville, 8. C, reports that
"tho 200 acres of land selected for the experi
ment are most of them covorod with a heavy
forest growth, the soil being 'poor, hungry
sand' of a character 'to support only the scan
tiest kind of vegotation.' Of this about fiftoen
acres had been cleared, and was under a prim
itive cultivation. On theso acres operationj
wero begun in January last. A space was pre
pared for sowing the tea-seed, and preparation
was made for covering the plants, which, whet,
young, suffer severely on being exposed to tho
sun. Tho plants were growing woll aud con
stituted the entire tea crop of the farm." Mr.
(Saunders reported that with regard to the fu
ture prospects of the enterprise, if continued iu
the line of the present scheme and under the
present system, it may bo said that there is
not much room for encouragement. The pov
erty of the soil and tho character of the climate,
in which frosts sometimes occur, Bcem to bo
unfavorable to the production of strong, highly
llavorcd teas, as had already been proved by
an experiment in Mcintosh, Ua.
Tho investigation of contagious disease
among domesticated animals has been contin
ued with good results. The results of some of
theso inquiries, such as the discovery of in
fected head-ropes in ocean steamers, aro al
ready known. Tho fact has also been estab
lished that pleuro-pneumonia exists in several
of tho Eastern States, although in most cases in
a very mild form. Prominence is given to tho
report of tho veterinary surgeons sent to Great
Britain to inquire into the alleged importation
from the United States of diseased cattlo, and
tho commissioner believes that most of the mis
undorstaudings on this subject havo given way
before the convincing proofs presented by the,
American surgeons.
"Tho special investigation of the insects af
fectiug tho cotton crop," the commissioner
says, "is being actively carried on, partic
ularly in its more practical bearings, and most
valuable discoveries havo been mado in me
chanical dotails and principles that lesson the
cost of protecting tho crop and simplify the
necessary machinery, lteeognizing the im
portance to our Western farmers of acquiring
data upon which to predicate as to ttie prob
able action of the Rocky Mountain locust in
18-2, I have had an agent specially engaeed, ,
under the direction of tho entomologist, to
gather such data in the permanent breeding
grounds of this pest, lying for the most part in
tho thinly settled sections of the Northwest.
itoincmbering tho incalculable loss and suffer
ing which thii insect entailed between tho
ears ot lsilf and la77, losses wnicn largely
iclpcd to prolong the commercial depression
of that period, this information seems to me of
Biuticient moment to warrant annual observa
tions of a moro extended nature."
Commissioner Loring expresses his intention
of making the crop reports much more accur ate
and exhaustive than heretofore.
he (.'roAAlh or (lie United Stales lu T. n
Years,
Tho following tablo presents the final oflieial
figures ot tho population ol the I lilted states
at tlio tenth census, with a column shoeing,
for comparative purposes, the lobulation ot'
ls7'. The ligure fur Indian Teir.torv and
Alu-ka are omitted, as their inhabitants are
put considered citizens. Alt Indians not sub
ject to tiisali hi are also emitted, in conformity
with the census law:
Slat.s
(Mill
'IVriitories
I Total Population-
is-).
lssji.
1H70.
Mali
I Female.
The U. 8.
Tie Slates
Alabama
Arkansas
Caliiornia
Colorado
( 'onnVtie't
It'laware
lloii.la
lieoivia
Illinois
Iuitiaua
Iowa
KaiiMtx
Krntiirkv
l.ouis:aiia
Mailiti
.Mar lanct
Maswu-li's
Mii'lii'atl
Miimi-sota
Missouri
Nebraska
.Nevada
N. Jlalitpsu
X. .P r-i y
N. Vnrk
N. Cat-oliba
Ohio
l in-:oii
pemis.'lv'a
Phode I- d
s. Carolina
'lVllllissi-t:
T.-a
iTUiont
Virginia
50,li-,f.,7H) ,'S,.".,371 hi.M8.K-'ll M.tsW.'.list
4;i,.l7l,:un :is,l3.,i.5(5 :
,075,(ll!l 24,'JJ5,7 J1
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llisl.olt'ol.
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74, .lo1.!
4.i,ll7:l
The (Jaceii and the Doctors.
By the unwrii,!"-. rat immutable laws
of the Spanish cci-yt no one but a Span
ish physician can attend the queen of
Spain. When the illness of Queen Mer
cedes became desperate her doctors
called in their German colleague in
consultation, but told him that he must
prescribe for Donna Mercedes without
seeing her on their report of the symp
toms and conditions only. Dr. Eisbert
declared that it waa essential for him
to examine the patient before he could
indicate what remedies would be effica
cious. This, however, could on no ac
count be permitted. He then sug
gested that he might be allowed to see
her through some open door or window
without approaching her or even enter
ing the f-ick room. That concession,
too, was refused. "Then, gentlemen,
I can do nothing," was the reply. " I
am willing to prescribe, bnt I can hardly
do so with good effect without person
ally inspecting the patient." lie wrote
a prescription and then left the palace.
Three days later the fair young queen
waa doad, but the laws of Spanish court
etiquette remained intact.