FARM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
Farm nnd Gnrdea Nate.
Look for grubs among your peach
trees right away ; at the snrfnoe of the
ground, or just below it, you know.
Wooden floors are objected to for
poultry houses, for the reason that they
tend to oanse the birds to become duck
fooled, and what is of more conse
quence, absorb and retain dampness
from the droppings, and so prove a
source of cramp and other ailments.
Fowls need charcoal when in confine
ment ; but that from wood is not palata
ble to them. The best way to furnish
it is by charring an ear of corn. The
fowls will devour it greedily, and the
improved color of their combs will soon
show its wholesome effect.
The farmer who wishes to avoid an
excess of labor, with unprofitable result,
will not spread a small quantity of
manure over a large surface of poor land,
but will only plow as much as he can
highly manure, when his income will be
as large, and his labor nearly one-half
saved.
"The cause of failure in the peach
crop often comes, in my opinion, from
too great fertility of the soil on which
the trees grow. As the peach tree grows
rapidly it is often hurt by the frost be
cause its wood is not sufficiently hard
ened. I get the best results from slow
growing trees on not over-rich soil.''
Mr. Martin, Oskaloosa, la.
Cabbage has a superior value for feed
ing purposes. English cattle feeders
assert that their beasts progress faster on
cabbnge, mixed with plenty of fine cut
wheat Btraw and ootton cake, than any
other vegetable. Cabbage contains one
part flesh-forming snbstance to three of
heat producing, while in potatoes the
flesh-forming is only one to twenty.
Cabbage is also rich in mineral matter.
" After a long experience I am safe in
making the statement that the soil upon
which they are raised has much to do
with the character of russet apples.
Those raised on a sandy soil are much
more juicy and of finer flavor, while
thoBe on hill lands are the best keepers.
I have known a russet tree to bear the
third vear. bnt this is nnnsnal. Gener
ally about the fourth or fifth year they
begin to bear small crops, tliough some
times not until the seventh or eighth.
Much depends on the size and also on
the variety." O. D., Hocking, O.
Recipe.
Peppeb Chow-Chow. Cut in half.
and remove the seeds from twenty-five
peppers ; foak in salted water for three
or fonr hours ; chop fine and add twice
as much chopped cabbage as peppers ;
one tablespooniul each of erronnd cloves,
allspice, mustard seed, whole and salt ;
mix thoroughly ; cover with cold vine
gar ana tie down.
Hash. The following is a good and
economical way for preparing hash
Take cold roast lamb or mutton ; throw
away the fat portions : chop very fine,
and add water enough to make it quite
thin : boil in frying pan ; add bul
salt and pepper to suit taste ; have
ready hot toast which has been well
buttered and dipped into cream or rich
milk, and spread the hash over the
toast, and serve immediately.
Lemon Marmalade. To make lemon
marmalade, squeeze the lemons, boil the
peels in water till soft, then take out the
pith, and pound the remainder in a mor
tar till quite fine, mixing with it a little
of the juice. Pass it all, with the rest
of the juice, tb rough a sieve into a pre
serving pan. To every pound of pulp
add three-quarters of a pound of loaf
sugar. Boil it for half an hour or more,
so that it sets, when cold, into a jelly.
Orange Cake." Two cups of sugar,
yelks ot five eggs, whites of two eggs,
hall cups of cold water, two and a
half cups of flour, two teaspoonfuls of
baking powder, the juice and grated
rind of one orange and a pinch of salt ;
bake in jelly-cake tins. Beat the whites
of two ejrgs to a stiff froth, add seven
large tablespoon fuls of powdered sugar
aud the grated rind and juice of one
orange. Spread this between the
luvers. If you like the taste of orange,
you will like this cake.
Insects on House Plants.
The principal insects troubling house
plants are the green fly, the mealy bug,
the scale Rnd the red spider. The most
effectual remedy for green fly is fumiga
tion with tobacco. Borne wooded plantp,
such as heliotropes, salvias, etc., will
not bear fumigation without injury to
the leaves, and for these a weak solu
tion of tobacco is quite as effectual,
Steep some tobacco in water and sprinkle
the plant with tho solution, and after
wards syringe with clean water. Mealy
bug is to be searched for and destroyed.
Frequent spongings do much to keep
down this pest. Scale is to be treated
in the same way: Warm soap suds are
peculiarly distasteful to this creature,
A little turpentine, diluted with water
(one part to sixteen), will destroy the
mealy bug. Alcohol, applied with a
camel's-bair brush, will kill any insect
it touches.
, Plants treated with these remedies
must be syringed with clear water im
mediately thereafter. White hellebore
(to be obtained at the drug store) is in
fallible. It can be put in water and ap
plied through a watering-pot, or put m
two or three thicknesses of gauze, and
shake the hellebore under and over the
plants while they are wet. Bed spider,
which is seldom found on house plants,
is nourished by a dry, warm atmos
phere. It is a very small insect, first
appearing on the under side of the
leaves, and, though difficult to see, its
effects are quickly noticeable by the
browned appeaianoe of the leaves. It
yields readily to moisture water is
certain death. Keep the foliage syr
inged and atmosphere moist, and you
will have no red spider. To kill white
worms in flower-pots take common
lime, dissolve it and pour the liquid on
the soil. It does not injure the plants
at all.
rise to me ooca- , , ., . I
ii:. i i araKKea over lue pass, i nu uuouno us uamjueu
p-uuiiu inyur, iior uuctjbo l,nn,i-0,i Jnllorn. Till that time. W nnw tataA forward in tlm ttinnnl
the trafflo between two nations was borne
The County Fair,
To those residing in the rural districts
there is, perhaps, no occasion during
the year so significant as that of the
oouuty fair. It gives an impetus to in
dustry and agriculture which they might
otherwise lack ; it inspires the people
with a healthy emulation, if our neigh
bor wishes it to be understood that his
grapes bear off the palm, we are equally
anxions about squashes and cabbages ;
and how could it be fairly settled and
published to the world if there were no
oommittees whose verdict is as unaltera
ble as the laws of the Medes and Per
sians f How otherwise could the superi
ority of Mrs. Jones' butter be estab
lished beyond a peradventure, her
to wns woman s bread rise to the occa
sion and into
become the toast, her rag mats become
the envy of her sex, her darning a work
of art T And what an encouragement it
is to do whatever we undertake thor
oughly well I what enoouragement to a
great variety of talent I It develops re
sources, it improves produoe ; if our
neighbor's grapes took the premium last
?ear, we shall bestir ourselves, and cul
ivate our own vines more assiduously
in view of next year's possibilities. The
ambition to outstrip one's follow-worker
tends to the general improvement of all
productions, and in the long run to the
advancement of civilization, and to the
welfare of the race. Perhaps the poor
farmer grubbing in his field, getting
sun-struck among Mb potatoes, per
spiring over his onion bed, interesting
himself in the development of cereals,
in the enrichment of his worn-out
land, studying the economy of nature.
is not aware of these far-reaching effects
any more than his wife, who is making
it a disgrace that bad bread should be
found upon any table, and so lending a
hand to lift mankind out of the sloughs
of indigestion and upon tho table-lands
of muscular Christianity. Neither is
the young woman who arranges her
bouquet of autumn flowers for the ex
hibition conscious that she is directing
the taste of other girls, stimulating
them to artistic efforts, and opening
wide fields of aotion for them. The at
tempt to excel is always commendable,
and especially so when it is pursued
not from personal vanity, but from an
interest in the object attempted, and
the fair offers to each one an opportuni-
ty of comparing results and industries,
and of benefiting by each other's suc
cess. The occasion is suggestive of
prosperity, and full of pioturesqueness,
The crowd in its best clothes and in
good humor ; the display of fruit,
flowers and vegetables, with their rich
effects of shape and coloring ; young
Hercules at the plowing match show
us, at least, that it is a promoter of
muscle and of benign social influences,
Harper s Bazar.
THE ST. GOTHARD TUSSEL. i the rails, or to the novel machine on
which we were ridinff. As we rushed
ItI and Swltrerliuidta be Connected bra by dripping walls, and saw here and
I in.n nniirr in jft.i'n inn. w.i.
Nearly Sixty Million Dollars.
There are men living to-day in Switzer
land and Italy whose life-dream has
been a tunnel under the Alps. Many
schemes have been investigated, and
many schemes have failed.
there ghonl-like figures with dim lamps
hiding behind rooks or in deep niches,
I involuntarily recalled what our con
ductor had said of a glimpse of the
bowels of hell.
It was impossible to speak and be
heard. I micrlit as well have addressed
These migmy harriers 01 motinmino myself to the granite wans 01 tne tunnel
have for ages divided people that but for
them might have been of one language,
one interest, alike in laws and customs.
For five hundred years there was but a
stone path aoross the Helvetic Alps,
where the St. Gothard post-road was
a'terward built; aud it is but a century
since the first vehicle on wheels was
as to have attempted a word to either of
my companions. Suddenly our locomo
tive gave one extra, unearthly yell, and
stopped. We alighted, got our lamps
burniug, and with a little motion on our
own feet soon felt ourselves again. The
engine sped back, screaming and rat
tling like the voices of Milton's
"Chairs to Mend."
The art of doing small things well
has a good illustration in the humble
chair-mender of the London streets,
who is also one of the most interesting
of out-door tradesmen.
He carries all his implements and ma
terials with him. A very much worn
chair is thrown over one arm as an ad
vertiBement of his occupation, and it is
needed, for his cry, " Cha-ir-s tomen-n,
nd, is uttered in a melancholy end in
distinct, though penetrating, tone.
Under the other arm be usually has a
bundle of cane, split into narrow ribbons,
Ilis look is that of forlorn respectability;
his hat is greasy, and mapped with so
many veins, caused by crushings, that
it might have been used as a chair, or,
at least, a footstool ; around his neck he
wears a heavy cloth kerchief, and bis
long coat of by-gone fashion reaches
nearly to the ankles, which are covered
by shabby gaiters. Ha walks along at a
very gentle pace, and scans the windows
of the houses for some sign that his ser
vices are wanted.
Perhaps business is dull ; but in the
neighborhoods where there are plenty of
children he is pretty sure to find some
vork. Cane-seated chairs are durable,
but they will not stand the rough usage
of those little boys and girls who treat
them as step-ladders and stamp upon
them. It often happens that a neat
English housemaid appears at the area
railings with a chair that has a big,
ragged hole in the seat, through which
Master Tommy has fallen, with his
boots on, in an effort to reach the goose'
berry lam on the pantry shelf.
MaBter Tommy probably looks 'on
while the repairs are being made, and is
much interested by the dexterity with
which the mender does his work. The
old and broken canes are cut away, and
the new strips are woven into a firm
fabric, with little eight-sided openings
left in it. The overlapping ends of the
ribbons are trimmed with a sharp knife,
and the chair-seat is as good as new.
It seems so easy that Tommy thinks
he could have done it himself ; but when
he experiments with a slip of cane that
the mender gives him, be rinds that
chair-mending is really a trade that must
be learned.
borne chair-menders are blind men.
and it is still more interesting to watch
them at their work. The plaiting of the
canes is done as unerringly by their un
seeing fingers as by the men who can Bee,
and with wonderful quickness. Occa
sionally the business is combined with
that of basket-making ; and should we
follow poor old 'Chair s-to-mend" home,
we might discover his family busy weav
ing reeds and willowy branches with the
same cleverness the father shows in
handling the canes. St. Nicholas.
on the backs of mules and men, who
struggled, at the risk of death, along
narrow stony ways, winding around
glaoiers, high mountain peaks, and
yawning gulfs; 16,000 persons and 9,000
horses climbed over these dizzy heights
annually.
Theio were scaroely fewer dangers to
be encountered by the bold trader even
forty or fifty years ago sudden storms,
almost eternal snows, avalanches, falling
rocks, dangerous and unbridged torrents,
and even robbers. Nature and man
conspired to make the path of -the St.
Gothard one of awful risk and dangers.
It winds among granite pyramids and
peaks nine to ten thousand feet in height,
and the road itself reaches an elevation
of nearly seven thousand feet. Even
now the snows on the pass are so deep
and the dangers are so - great that com
merce and travel over the St. Gothard
cease for half the year entirely, the mails
being carried over by messengers, oucn
are a part only of the disadvantages aria-
- - ..... m
ing to some sixty or seventy millions or.
people from this mighty mountain wall
between Switzerland and Italy.
The building of the Mont Cams tun
nel through the Savoy Alps to France,
and the Brenner road to Austria, have
mode it absolutely necessary for Ger
many and Switzerland to choose between
losing the commerce and travel of the
south, and building a mountain railroad,
and a series of tunnels that shall eclipse
anything of the kind in the world. The
world knows how they have chosen.
The enterprise was too enormous for
private undertaking or for private capi
tal, in 1871. Italy, uermany and
Switzerland voted large subventions for
the building of a road, to be commenced
at once, running from the Liake of J-iu
cerne, in Switzerland, to Lake Maggiore,
in Italy, a distance of 108 miles.
Twenty-one per cent., or nearly 120,000
feet, of all this distance was to be tun
neled through mountains of granite.
The total length of the maintnnnel;
which enters the Alps at Goeschonen, in
Switzerland, and emerges at Airolo, in
Italy, is 48,936 feet. A number of the
smaller tunnels, bringing the road np to
the proper level in the AlpB, exceed
7.000 feet. On the lake of Lucerne,
too, there will be important tunnels and
galleries cut alongside of or under the
celebrated Axecstrasse, high above the
waters of the lake,
At the time the international treaty
for this great undertaking was signed it
was believed that the work could be
done for the sum of 187,000,000 francs,
A company was organized, with 84,000.
000 francs of stock, in 20 shares, and
68.000,000 francs of mortgaged bonds.
Itoly presented the undertaking with
45.000.000 francs. Germany and Switz
erland each gave 20,000,000 francs, The
work, however, was not more than fairly
under way when it was discovered, to
the astonishment of everybody, that an
i i i -l- i -
awiui misiaKO uaa iieen maue in eBiima
ting the costs, and that, instead of 187,
000,000 francs, 289.000,000 would be re
quired to complete the work as at first
proposed a blunder in estimates of 102
000.000 francs.
This blundering calculation threatened
nil sorts of bad results. The stock of
the company ran down to a minimum,
and hundreds of families were neariy
mined by the collapse. The bonds
shared in the crash, and even the most
ardent friends of the enterprise feared
that the money which had been so
lavishly given was buried under the
mountains forever. It became a serious
question whether the works would not
have to be completely abandoned.
There certainly wns no choice, except to
lose all that had been done, or to add
many millions moro to the subventions,
The times were hard, financial crises
were imminent everywhere, and war was
raging on the continent. Everybody
was discouraged. Some of the little
cantons of Switzerland, which would re
ceive the most benefit from the comple
tion of the tunnel, refused to lift a
hand or to spend another dollar.
In the face of all opposition, now-
ever, the money nas, at tuis writing,
been almost raised, xue tnree countries,
on foot, and, as we reooverod onr
breath, had abundant time to look about,
though there seemed something fatally
wrong with the perspective of the pic
ture of which we formed a part.
The air was so thick lights could not
be seen twenty yards ahead of us, and
we all walked close together for fear of
being lost or tumbling into some sub
terranean hole.
Jb ar ahead of ns we heard the dynamite
explosions, sounding like heavy mortars
in the midst of battle. In some places
where we were walking the water - was
nearly a foot deep, and again it came
tnrongn crevasses above our neaas use
April showers. Onr conductor tells ns
that on the Airolo side of the tunnel the
waters have sometimes come in at the
rate of 4,000 gallons per minute, and in
such torrents as. to even upset the work
men and carry away the tools. Again,
an occasional spring wonld burst out in
a stream as thick as a man's arm, while
the track for the drills was frequently
laid in rushing water two feet deep.
This water comes from springs in the
mountains about us. and from eternal
An Extraordinary Fish.
A most interesting discovery has been
made in the sea of Tiberias of a fish
which inenbates its voung in the cavi
ties of the month ; and, what is the
more remarkable, it is the male which
performs this part of the family func
tion. As soon as the female has deposited
its eggs in the hollow of the sand, the
male approaches ana avows mem uu
the cavities of the mouth by the pro
cess of inspiration. Here they are dis
tributed between the leaves of the gills ;
and in the midst of the respiratory
organs the eggs rapidly develop, dis
tending the mouth of the male fish in
the most extraordinary manner. Finally
the young fish make their appearance,
packed in the gills like so many her
rinira. and with their heads directed to-
' ward the opening. From this place of
retreat and safety they run in and out
until they are large enough to take care
Of themselves. It is saia mat aa mauj
aa two hundred individuals are some
times crowded into the month and gilla
ithe male ash.
snow-fields lyiug in the sunshine thou
sands of feet above onr heads.
It is very imprest-ive to reflect that, as
we stand here in the dim light of the
tunnel, far above us are lofty mountains
and fields of snow, tumbling avalanche
and roaring torrents. Almost above us
are the peaks of St. Gothard, reaching
above the clouds; and there, too, is the
rapid, roaring river Reuss, with its
leaping water-falls, and the Devil's
Bridge, where French nnd Austrian
soldiers met in deadly conflict. Up
there, too, are the bright sunshine and
the cold snow of winter, and the dili
gences and slolges filled with freezing
passengers, while we are melting under
eighty degrees Fahrenheit of heat, and
the Italian workmen are almost naked.
There, too, above our heads, in the
glistening glaciers, are the first rip
plings of the baby Rhine. Behind ns
are the cold Lills of Switzerland. In
front of us, and just outside those gran
ite rocks, is sunny Italy, now strangely
we feel 1
Our conductor stops us to name tho
strata of rock through which we are
walking. The first 7.000 feet at the
GoeBchenen end had been through dark
gray granite or granitic gneiss; then fol
lowed 1,000 feet of schistous gneiss,
lying in vertical ledges; then 500 feet of
crystalline limestone, with here and
there a streak of black serpentine, fol
lowed by 3,000 feet of micaceous schists,
and some 20.0W feet of gneiss ricn in
mica. This is joiiowea again Dy o.uuu
feet of schistous gneiss with threads and
lumps of quartz, and nearly 10,000 feet
of mica schist, ending on the Italian side
with some 2,000 feet more of mica schist
mixed with gneiss and rich veins ot
quartz. Such were the calculations
made by the geologists from the moun
tains above the tunnel, and the boring
so far has proved these observations to
be pretty nearly correct. But little
gold, silver, or other precious ore has
been met with, and even stone-ooai has
failed to put in an appearance, much as
it wonld be welcomed by the Swiss, who
have scarcely a ponnd of coal in their
whole Alpine country.
The tunnel has about the same dimen
sions. except in length, as the Mount
Cenis tunnel: that is, it is, in round
numbers, twenty-four feet in width at
sleepers, twenty-six feet wiue at epnng
ing of arch, and nineteen feet high be
tween sleepers and center of a rob. It
starts into the mountain at a point 3,639
feet above the sea, and comes out at
Airolo. on the Italian side, 3.757 feet
above the sea-level.
On the north axis the tnnnel ascends
one foot in every 172 feet, or about 142
feet in travering the distance oi a, 40'z
feet. It then follows a summit or level
line for the next 591 feet, when it de
scends to Airolo, 2t,279 feet farther, at
a gradient of one in 1,000. The highest
point in the tunnel, hence, is 142 feet
above the entrance at the north end, and
twenty-four feet only above the outlet at
the south. These graaients are ior tne
purpose of permitting the water to pass
off through a channel of masonry out
parties to the treaty, have added largely between the two traoks of rails toward
A Fnmloe in India,
la the Madras famine, ohildren of
seven to ten years nsed to bring poor
little naked living skeletons of two and
three and fonr years to the government
relief centers, feeding the babies day
after day, for weeks, with the daily dole,
asking nothing for themselves, till the
little foster-mothers would themselves
sink fainting at the gates. These were
often of no kin ; sometimes even of a
different caste or religion. A little '
kindness " makes the whole world kin."
Hundreds of fathers and mothers, going
to other parts of the country to get work
aud food, loft ohildren to die in their
villages. Little ones who had no foster
mothers wandered about to get a dole of
food from any one who would give, then
lie down and die with pass me the
word the heroio agony of childish
patience. For example, one missionary
from Cuddapah met in one day's journey
over 100 who had no one in this world
to care for them. He stopped and
helped the oldest, telling them to look
after the little ones : but he believed
that all. or nearly all. died. This led to
himself and his wife opening a " Tem
porary Home, one only out oi many
such instances, of course, for ohildren
nnder twelve years. No temptation to
idleness was held out, and in five weeks
many were restored so as to be sent out to
work. One orphan boy, nine years old,
told as soon as he could speak that he
knew of other famine orphans might he
bring them ? And he instantly sallied
out and brought in first two little Mo
hammedan boys under six, then carried
in from a great distance, in his skeleton
arms, a little girl too far gone to stand
or sit up, and who, apparently, could
not live through the night. But with
good nursing she was brought round to
look like a moving skeleton and eat rice.
A tiny Mohammedan of three would call
another but a little older who tried to
take care of her, her sister. The two
could not be narted.and both were token.
Both had lost their fathers and mothers
of cholera in the relief camps. Mothers
often brought in children, breathing
their last, to the Temporary Homes.
The famine fund gave to the Temporary
Homes, and the missionaries begged
" famine orphans " from government, and
took them into their " boarding schools,
The other children uniformly showed
kindness to these orphans. The famine
fund gave bullocks and seed-grain to
many survivors returning home.
Florence ssigntingaie.
Uses of the Horse In South America.
The following is an extract from the
letter of a lady residing at Buenos Ayres:
Xou see that we are now at Mercedes,
On our way out, we noticed, from the
railway station, a great number of
horses: not grazing, as they may be seen
anywhere, nor trying to run raoes with
the train, as they may be seen any day,
but with an important business-like look
about them. There were a few Guachos
standing with them, who also appeared
to have something to do, which is an un
usual thing with the natives, who seem
always as if they had never done any
thing, and never intended to cio any
thing. In reply to our inquiry, we
were told that the horses had UBt been
threshing, that the sheaves of grain are
put into an inolosed plaoe like a pen,
and the wildest come-at-able horses are
driven in and lashed to make them kick
and jump and so the wheat is threshed.
The horse, says Mayor s speiiing-DooK,
is a very useful animal;' but surely
none bnt the Guachos know its value,
When the milkman comes in the morn
ing, and is asked for the butter ordered,
he will perhaps say that he has not made
it yet. liut he clambers on his horse,
where he sits surrounded by milk-cans,
an-1 on he trots. Presently he dismounts.
opens Mb cans, skims the butter off the
top of erch, puts it into a cloth, mounts
again, and trots about selling his milk
as he goes along. After a few hours he
returns and hands in the butter, and not
bad butter either when it is salted and
settled up. This primitive mode of
churning may remind some old Indiana
of that practiced by the ' bearers ' in the
now almost forgotten days of palanquin
traveling. They would before starting
fasten a large-mouthed bottle, three parts
full of cream, to the pole of the palan
quin, the perpetual jolting of which
through the night's journey, suffice to
convert it into butter for the sahib's
breakfast."
Knvlrened with Dancer.
The. dweller or temporary sojourner In a ma-
larioti" region of oonutry it environed with dan
ger. Besides lnnaune; at every breatn an
atmosphere saturated with an lufeotlons poison,
he alro drink; water whinh is in most instanoes
likewise impregnated with tbe fever and ague
breeding miatmata. If a bilions snhieot, de
ficient in stamina, or Irregular in habit of body
or digestion, his peril is tnuoh increased, as
tnese aDnormai oonaiuons are extremely favor
able to the contraction of malarial disease.
But this danger may be safely eneonntered with
the assistance of Hostetter's Btomaoh Bitters,
whioh completely nullifies the atmospheric
virus, and neutralizes the constituents of mias-
ma-tained water. This benign antidote to dis
ease eradicates and prevents fevers of an inter
mittent and bilious remittent type, betides
effecting a thorough and permanent reform of
those enfeebled or irregular conditions of the
system which invite not only malaria, but other
diseases equally to be dreaded.
Two Noted Mrnye Robber.
Onr readers will remember tbe aoconnt given
In these eolnmns of the robbing of the grave
of the Hon. Soott Harrison, in Ohio, last May,
the body being found in the dissecting
room of tbe Ohio Medioal College. Pnbllo in
dignation jUBtly brands anyman as a scoundrel
who will rob the grave of the dead. But there
are two noted grave robbers in the country, so
far from being tne subjects or tne peoples
wrath, are universally landed for their virtues.
The reason is plain. While the former class
steal the bodies of our loved ones to submit
them to the dissecting knife, these only rob the
graves to restore the living viotims to onr
hearts and homes. Their names Dr. Pierce's
Qolden Medical Discovery and Pleasant Purga
tive Pellets are honpehold words the world
over. The Oolden Medical Discovery cures
consumption, in its early stages, and all bron
chial, throat, and lung affeotions; Pleasant
purgative Pellet are the most valuable laxa
tive and oathartio.
Clock work is not more regular than the
liver, tbe stomach, and the bowels when tbey
are put in order with Dr. Mott's Vegetable
Liver Pills, a supremely effective and safe al
terative, oathartio and blood depurent which
firomotes thorough bilious aeoretlon, a regu
ar habit of body, sonnd digestion and of ner
vous tranquility, it Is the best possible snb
stitnte for that terrible drug mercury. For
sale by all druggmts.
CHEW
The Celebrated
"Matcklkbs"
Wood Tag Plug
Tobacco.
The Pionef.b Tobacco Company,
New York, Boston, and Chicago.
From J. M. Pettongill, of Salisbury, Mass.
I have sold more boxos of Grace's Salve dnnng
the last four months than of any other like
preparation in my store ; in fact it is the only
Salve for which there is any sale. This be
speaks the oonSdence of the pnblio In ita vir
tues, and is in my opinion a valuable recom
mendation of its healing properties.
BaowWS BuowpimL Taocuns.fat ennghs and oolrtl
UPHAM'S
ANTIIftIA Ntt fall. Sold by
C IJHK all druggists. 60s. anoi.
Pfttl a day esnratslng The Hum Delight."
rofit. Sample 1m. Fred. Jonm,Waimi,M.Yt
IjAnoMtalra Clog for
,,m Ontra,
2J
fhdrt . a mm i smut to flAit ft HoiiMhold Article (
$9 Addikff n,y?v"niT Marlon. Ohio. I,
nnTB HRVOT.VKKK. Woo llrt free. Addrsos
UUfli9 Great WmIm Pan Worn. r-ltmntir, ra.
Something New for Agents w?."-
w.nt.d '"r. Tlllim. addrws Boi 788. Ww Yorn.
a i p v With mncil Ontflts. What oe 4
mix
..11. -.nlrflrfnr AO CIS. Oatillnru8.rM.
S. M.8PKWCBB, 1 1 8 Waah'n Bt..Boton,Mi
$350
A MONTH aaentu Wonted 8 bos
wllins artiolM In lh world i on. amplrM.
Aarirau JAY BRONBQN. Vtttoit, Minn.
Aai DAY to Aironto euraortwf
(by Visitor. Tornn and Ontflt n
4 p. Q, VIQRERY,
fortnaFlroolda
reo. Addreva
AnaTMto, Matnoj
WANTED
Men for one year, to begin wont at
nnM a.l.rv fair. Buninesi first clMfl.
MoxiTom Qlas Wom.Ciciiiiiati,Obio.
ORGAIS
bargains. BftiTTY, WMPlngtoB, W. J
(in I. diinnn InmstodlnWall Bt. Stooaa mkij
$1U 10 $1UUU fortune, ororr month. Book sent
Will lu froeeiplainina- eranrthinic.
Addron BAXTER A OO., Bankers. 11 Wall St., N.
BR. FOOTE'M HKAI.THMONTHbV.-16
ootaro pase-Editd bf Dr.. K. B. Footk. 8a. and
Bunt on trial for .ii month, for OUR 3c.
STAMPS I Mnrr.j Hill Pnb.Oo.,1 1 E. "8th Bt.,lf.Y.
CIDER ?h?nEprpdT SWEET
for reara, or f.rmBntat lonoan b. arrested at any desired
taire bf nsina- Ford's New Preservative. Material
for 8 bbls. 60 ota., for 1 bbls. 1.U0. Sent b mail, with
full direotions for one and how to clean old barrels.
Bole Mannfaotnrer. FRANK FORD, Ravenna. Ohio. .
Lightning LETTER WRITER
A fao-tmile oopr made while wri'lna JjrWnal. Wo
eitra work. Cheapest in ore. Bend for -circulars. Bjerr
hn.inen. man want. it. Aa-enM jell them ft J'tbt.
For territory and rates address CilAn. Jl.. -t;0..
Itorhford. 111. .
Dr. 0RAIGS KIDNEY CURE
The Croat Remedy for
All Kidney Diseases!
Rtfrr ht, tperlat ptrmltrton to Rev. Dr. J. R. RnJ"'
WaihinstonT D. 0.; O. T. He.ton, M. D -Wowton.
Bucks Oo.. Pa. ; John L. Ronor, K.q., Norfolk, Va. ;
Dr. J. H. White, 417 Fourth Ae., New York ; Dr. O.
a n-.e. flh.rlotte. N. Y.l Hon. O. R. Parsons, pres.
For upwards of thirty years Mrs. WINBLO W'8
BOOTIIINQ SYRUP has been used for ohildren
with never-failing suooess. It corrects acidity
of the stomach, relieves wind oolio, regulates
the bowels, oures dysentery and diarrhoea,
whother arising from t ething or other cauees.
Ail old and well-tried remedy. 25 ots. a bottle.
For the benefit of our readers we give this
week a sure cure for colio or bellyache in
horses. To one bottle of Johnson's Anodyne
Liniment add same quantity of molasses and
same quantity of water, and pour down the
horse's throat.
Pocket Oatling Gun $5, A.rmB Co.,Iiwrenoe,Mi'.
N. E.t N. Y. fc PA. P. O. DIRECTORY.
J. 3. Pike A Co., of Chelsea. Mass., are arranging a
Business Directory, in whioh will bo recorded one trader
in each town and city who has for sate Pike's Centennial
Salt Rhenm Salve. For diseases of the skin, such as
Salt Rhenm, Sore Lips, Chapped Hands, Cats, Barns,
Scalds, Piles, Ojrns, Bunions, Ingrowing Wails, etc.
this saUe has no eqnal.
IMPORTANT NOTICE. Farmer., Fami
lies and Others can purobase no Remedy equal to Dr.
TOBIAS VKNKT1AN MNIMKNT for the oare of
Oholera. Di&rruoaa, Dysentery. Oroup. Oolio and Sea
sickness, taken internally (it is perfectly harmless; set
oulh accompanying each bottle) ana externally tor
(lhrnnia Uhauniatism. Headaohe. Toothache. Sors
Throat. Outs, Bums, Swellinun, Bruises, Mosiquito
Bitefl, Old Sore, Pains in Limbs, Hack and Chest.
The VENETIAN UN1MKNT wdt introduced in 1847,
and no one wbn bos uspd it but oontinues to do no.mani
stating if it was Ten Dollars a buttle thoy would not be
without it. Thousands of Certificates can be seen at
the Depot, speaking of its wondortnl oorative proper
ties. Bold by the Druggists at 40 cto. Depot -IV
Murray St., New York.
The Markets,
saw ioeb.
rr; Cattle Sctiv 0!V C9V
fexaa and Cherokee. . C7S4A (9
llcbfi,wi wou eouo
tlcge: Live. w ".'4
Lfrceeoa..a......... . .... w.h u-
So7
Lambs. ..-. .
Ootton t Mhldllrg
Floor t VT-rfer!) : Good to Oholos.
Wheats - "
White Btatesasssa
Rye: 8t
uariey: ttte
Barley Malt
Oats i Mixed Wtstern......
Ouru 1 Mixed Western Ungraded. . .
ijy, per iwt...... ..................
B'.raw, per cwx
ent Mayor of Rochester, N. Y. fonr "'K'"
Knf fnr namoh ft. ana aifirr i,r, . . . . . -. -
IJNlVKRHltV tHdATK. NEW VOKK.
A Luxury of Mechanism 1
See What it Doe
Rnie'0 Name Writing ft Darn
ing Attachment for Sewing
Machinss-the last great inven
tion. Marvelous, yet simple!
A peeial attaobment for each
kind of Machine: in ordering
rme the machine. Price
Aok a Sewing Machine
dealer. Agents wanted. K. m.
Rose, Sun Building. NewVork.
V vs.-'
NEWSPAPERS and MAGAZINES'
at clnh rates. Time, trouble and eipense savnd by sub
scribing through the Rocky Mountain Subscription
Agency, wnion lumnres any paper ixuejt. ivvnw
liahed in the United States. Mnsioal IustruineLts, fr-ew.
ing Maoh nes of all kinds, Ohromos, Frames, Hewing
Machine Needles and Attachments at reduoed prices.
I will also furnish Books of all kindi at l.west prices.
Rocky Mountain Stereoscopic Views
a specialty. Don't fail to write at once for our circulars
Agenta can m... ni
GRACE'S SALVE.
JoNFBVixi.E, Miob.. Deo. 27, 1877. Menrt. FotcTi 1
ttent you 60 ots. for two boxes of Uraoe's Halve. I
bad two and have nsed them on an uloer on my toot.aod
it is almost weli. Respect folly yours, O. J. Van Nkw.
Price 2ft cents a box et all drnggistc, or mnt bf mail
r.i ti
on receiut of
J ."i oaarttji PrTVrn(i h
K(i Harron ave..rtpmnn.m
NEW MCE BLOOD
tnrfanB Purgative Pi! In wake Mew Rich
Blood, and will completely chng the blood in the
entire system in thn-e months. Anv person who will
take 1 ea:h night from 1 to 13 we hs may be restored
to sound health, il snoli a thing ba possible. Sold every
where mr sent by maitjor ei'jht ie'trr n'nmr.
L B. JOHNSON CO.,
Kangor, Mtiine.
0(MS C"
Cures Dyspepsia, Indigestion.
Sour Stomach, Sicl Headache.
30
08X
0t.Vi
t in
1 ot
113
1
lai
Hops.
Pork i
Lard 1
Pish I
Identity of Black and Green Tea
Oreen and black tea are produced from
the same plant, although the colonists
were long at issue aooui tne matter.
The idea of green tea being dried upon
copper is proved to be a popular fallacy,
lor tbe tea would dc navoreu ana spoil
ed in the process ; beside, the bloom can
be given by a Harmless means, jur,
Ball, an Englishman, who has written a
practical volume on the cultivation and
manufacture oi tea, describes an experi
ment made by him, proving that tea
may be dried black and green in the
same vessel and over the same fire. He
divided the pan, and the leaves on one
side he kept in motion and the other
quiet, when the latter became black and
the former ereen. thus proving the dif
ference of color to be derived not from
any management of heat, but from
manipulation, the heat being the same
in both cases. At the same time, cer
tain Chinese rogues glaze our hyson
most unscrupulously, and it has been
proved by chemical analysis that the
Chinese green teas are artificially color
ed, though not with indigo. Gunpowder
tea is dried at the highest temperature
and Pekoe at the lowest, and tne ciiemi
cal cause of black tea is its loss of tan
nin in drying previous to roasting, an
opinion that is supported by the testi
mony of Liebig. Again, Mr. Ball
thinks there may be one species, of tea
plant, but several varieties, and that all
botanical difference is destroyed in tne
course oi packing. ,
to their subsidies, and leading bwiss
railways and cities have each voted sums
Eroportioned to tue advantages tuey
ope to reap. The work goes on in
fact. Las never stopped.
Tne oontract tor tuis enormous worK
is most interesting. It was granted to
Mr. Louis lavre, of Ueneva. 15 y its
terms Mr. Favre promises to deliver the
works of tne tunnel, completed, by tne
1st of.OctoV?T, 1880. For each day the
work may be done before tuat time tbe
company agrees to pay him SI. 000. On
the other hand, however, the contractor
is bound to pay handsomely for all de
lays. For every single day in arrear of
contract lie lorieits xi.uuu. li aeiay
continue six months, the forfeit is $2,000
per day ; and should he be one year in
arrear with his work, he surrenders the
contract, and forfeits $1,600,000, which
be and his mends for turn, nave deposit
ed with the company as security,
On January 1, 1877, tne Headings, or a
either end.
Almost the entire tunnel is being
arched and lined with solid masonry,
eighteen to thirty inches in thickness,
and that, too, in places where the gran
ite and serpentine blocks seem to the
ordinary observer the perfection of
solidity.
Tbe Glass Eye Manufacture.
If Americans exoel in the manufacture
of false teeth, the French exoel them in
false eyes, writes a Paris correspondent.
The average sale of manuiactured eyes,
in Paris alone, intended for the human
head, amounts to four hundred per week.
The French capital appears to have the
monopoly of this strange trade. Twelve
eve manufacturers flourish within the
barriers, eacn of wnom iurnisn empioy
ment to about twenty workmen. Eng
lish and American enamelers have vain-
un January , io, ..jueueauuigB, or compete with the French ocu-
sort of advanced gallery eight feet Z tJ .. -on see. sir." replied
PwTv in" WhTher one of thelatter, ..Englishmen have not
gigantio work can really be completed
lis
i ns
It
a i:e
(s) II
48 s) 60
61- i4 7t
80 m 41
7H' CI) ll ......?' Ot A 10
Family Mesa ...12 00 91160
jHyeian 06.(09 "
M.cxere!, No.l.oew la UU 018 00 .
Ko. a, new........ 8 00 M
Dry Cod, per owt 1 76 (A 4 00
Herring, Hoaled, per box.... 17 18
P-trolenui: Orad U6X08 Befln.d.
Woo) California Fiaoeo vi m
Terns news j
Australian Tletoa..... 86 9
State XX 14
surr.LO.
moor. ........... ................... 6 76
Whnat No. 1 MUwinke M. 1 00
Oorn Mixed 44
Otu SO
3yo. .. ...... ...m. .,... aa
i&riay.. ......... c
DarleyMalt 1 01
VHXX,SDHI,VHXA,
dour ronnaylvanla Kxtra I fO
WhMt Bad Western 1 0!
Rye 4
Oorn Vallon,. I9
Mixed S
Oata Mixed 27 9
Petroleum Orode 0XutiH ttecnea,
Wool Colorado 90 A
Texaa . is m
California..... . . ..m. 30 0
0TO.
Beef Cattle.. .u 0
Sheeo t6VA
Hoc. Ot
Floor Wisconsin ana Minnesota... osu
Oorn Mixed 68
Oata (3
Wool Ohio and FeunayWanta XX... 86 H
uamornia..... i i
BBIQHIOB. MAW.
DM
Bheep 03 4
The Albatross.
Somebody who has been studying the
habits of the albatross, largest of the
sea-birds, in the South Atlantic, has
come to the conclusion tnat it feeds al
most entirely on dead fish, and is a sort
of marine vulture. When it is feeding
on dead fish, it is so greedy that a gnu
discharged cannot make it fly. Jjike a
vulture or raven, it seems to know when
any creature is dying or dead, and im
mense flocks of the birds will gather
when the carcass of a sheep or beef or
horse is thrown overboard. They ap
pear to be able to see and to scent car
rion for miles, and when it is floating on
the ocean, they will come in clouds from
every point of the compass. They spend
the greater part oi tne year iar uwuy
from land ; but they go to barren and
well-nigh inaccessible rocks to breed.
The female lays her soiled white egg on
the bare earth, tne temaies oiten ua tun
ing so close together that they seem to
have one nest in common. Then they
are perfeotly indifferent to the presence
of man, at whom they merely snap when
lie liivuuen mtux sauuiunij. , Bheep. .... U3 A
albatross is very gallant, bharing with Lambs.... , ro e
lh. fama a t.h. lnrtsir nf inmihAMnn ftna I B
of rearing the young, which, when fully
fledged, puts off to sea witn us parents,
and with them plavs its part of scaven-
oa, nf r.ViA npjnn. Mativ n&ilors fire still
superstitious about killing the albatross. $ Q g $25 ffib?na."rt Novelties
Catalog aa 4 Outfit Free applioation te
J. U. BUrKORD'S SONS, Mannfaetnrina Publishers.
MFiv. rrmum.uu pw..., in....
Established nearly nftj years.
10
as
ai
41
14
0 838
IS 136
0 (6
IS 86
0 110
m too
& I 01
ta
13
38
lS
38
31
26
08V
07 X
800
IS
67
87
31
00,000 aens taken lo fear mnnth, br 86,000 fwopl..
Oood olim.l., soil, water, aod bulMIng stooe, sod go-od so
iV7. AddrsM, S. J. Utlmore, Lmd Com'r. fltlina. Kapiaa.
BOSTON TRANSCRIPT,
Daily and Weekly, Quartc,
BOSTON, MASS,
The Lara-eat, Cheapest and Best Family Newspaper
In New England. Kdited with speoial reference to the
varied tastes and requirements of the borne eirole. Ail
the foreign and looal news published promptlj.
DailTransoript, !g 10 per annum In ad.anoe.
(6 oopirs to one address,) 7.50 per
annum in advance,
SEND FOR SAMPLE COPY.
WHO WANTS A FARM
WHERE FAEMISG PITS THE BEST ?
FOR
300,000
200,000$
SALE.
Acres Rich Farming
LAN IIS, well located in Michigali,
at irom n't lo 88 irr acre, on easy
terms of payment. Also,
cres or cnoice fine
AMIS, in beet Lumber District
Til ii'lilu h n.
Send for illustrated Pamphlet, full of facta, j
O. M. BAKXKM,
Land CommlwaloiiBr, l.anwlint. flllch
C6M
C6W
ex
10
06M
WATiBiowa. tula.
Beat Oattle Poor to Oaoioe 0W
riaeep......aaStaMo .... .....a t.siis)
Lamb- 04Wt
witbm the time speoined is a grave
Question for Mr. i avre. Opinions au-
fer, and even engineers can do little
more tnan guess.
Mr. a. M. c.yers, irom wnose article
in Homer's Maaazine the foregoing in
formation was obtained, gives the result
of a recent visit to the unnmsbed tun
nel, as follows :
Four of us with the engineer stood on
the little cow-catcher platform at the
front end of the engine, and were soon
hurled oft into the darkness. The
screaming of the engine whistle right
at our ears was frightful, and tne dark
ness was so utter and the smoke so thick
we f anoied we oould feel them with our
hands. The eases began to be almost
unbearable, and the miscellaneous
noises throughout the tunnel something
tsmflo.
I presume our tram was not running
fast, and vet it made so much noise, and
the surroundings were bo unusual, it
seemed aa if I had never in my life
bounded along at such a rate. I had
had many a strange ride, too, before,
bnt never bad I felt so completely belp
less, or more likely to be snuffed out by
the unseen should anything happen to
sufficient taste for this trade ; their eyes
are only good enough for stuffed ani
mals." This oculist, who is at the head
of bis profession, receives his customers
in a magnificent saioon, respienaent
with gilding and mirrors. His servant
has but one eve. and if you would judge
of the effect of the goods, the master
rings the bell and tries the false eye in
the socket of the servant. The charges
are between eight and nine dollars per
eye, purchased at this well-known es
tablishment, l or tne poor, tnere are
second-hand visual organs which may
nave Deen worn - Dy some duice ox
duchess, and exchanged for a new one
after several months' service.
DEFOREST S MONTHLY
-THB-
Onthe Midland Bail way, England.
when a traveler buys a ticket he is given
a bill of fare, on which he ticks off
what he would like for dinner or lunch
and at what refreshment station he
would like to have his meaL He signs
his name and the number of his ticket
to the bill, which is telegraphed on.
and when he arrives be finds a table
spread for his party, the soup on the
taDie ana tne other oourses in readiness.
-11 L 41 . 1 , t
tiu at we uanaj notei cnargee.
WORLD'S MODEL MAGAZINE
"Is the doctor in ?" asked an anxious
looking young man, as he paused half
way up the stairway leading to Dr.
Stone's offioe, yesterday. " No, I guess
not." renlied the person addressed.
but you can leave an order on the
nWti " The vonnflr man hesitated a
moment. "Well, I guess I wonld
hardly have time to wait," He saia. is
it a very urgent case ?" " Well, yes,"
thevonni?man said, "rather urgent, I
r ? . ' . t . : .
think. Jnst as l stariea away irom
. , , . , - ii ids tne oeauuiui, wu n nne srt engravings, i
home my youngest brotherwas falling picture, in eonNo. price K5c. Ykarl
out of a second story window. "-i?ur. gffl!tOTasa:,Si,.
a IT I..... inch... mnnntj.il nn ..n. . ..,
"Don't call me Mister." said fn
affected lover to his package of sweet-
tiph "o-ive me some sweet sounding,
- ' . V .. 1 1 H 1 i -
nhaerinflr name." Ana biio ouueu uuu a
gay lute.
MAKE HENS LAY.
An English Vetarinsrj Burgeon and Chemist now
traveling in this oountrr.says that most of the Horse
. ...i i,.,,i. nnBiB.. ...1 .1 h.r. r. worthless trash. He
tAjB that Sheridan'a Condition Powders are absolutely
pure and immensely valuable. Nothing on Mrth will
make nens lay use bheriaan-a uvumiwa ru.uw,,
Dose one leaspooniui to one pinv iuuu.
Bold sseryirAers or seal maiVor lr lamp:
Bangor, Maine.
16
0.
XTinVmal F.no-fln OhevreuL the drug-
riai-. whn diiuvwered the famous Gobelin
riTiU in still living, and is the oldest
chemist in the world. -
a MAAntiv ejdcfid in a drug itore for a
box of rough diamionda, but th druggist knew
no such remedy. After muoh parley the drug
,... . a tt, J hla nnatomer wanted Par sous'
laVZ tiwL He y, "That's the only fit
name for 'em."
To cleanse and whiten the teeth, to jweeten
the breath, use Brown's Camphorated Bapona
owoiiPenUfrioe. Twenty-fly oenta a bottle.
A grand combination of the ntMt.lninv tl.- l
and the beautiful, with line art engravings, and oil
LY S3.
pioturea,
1K.UI
inches, mounted on oanvas: transportation 60c
eitie. Bend postal card lor full Mrliouiara. Address
W. JENNINGS DEMORE8T,
17 Hnst 14th wtreet. New York.
QAPONIFlEj
Ii the Old Sellable Concentrated Lye
FOR FAMILY SOAP MAKING.
Directions aoeompuiyinc Moh Oevn lot klT-f Hard,
JT 18 FULL WMIQUT AMD aTRMffQTB,
Tha. market U flooded with tmniaMmA OmiaeuitratAdj
im, wmou MUaWMea witu Mali oi roftui, ana mhmi
SAVE MONBYt AND BUT TBE
SapifieIR
If ADB BY THBJ
Pennsylvania Salt Manuf g Co.,
PIULAIBI,PHU.
z.siDiiinca loaa
Gargling Oil Liniment
Yellow Wrapper for Animal and White for
Human Flesh.
18 GOOD FOR
Burns and Scalds, Sprains and Bruises,
Chilblains, Frost Bitte.StrinKlialt, Windfalls,
urease, rout not in suecp,
ruuuacrca rcct,
Chapped Hands,
ricn iy ounds.
External Poisons,
Sand Cracks,
Galls of all kinds,
Sitfast, Ringbone,
Poll Evil.
Swellings, Tumors,
Iteun in Poultry,
Cracked Heels,
Kpizoottc.
Laine Back,
Hemorrhoid or Piles,
Toothache,
Kheuinatism,
Spavins, Sweeney,
1- istula. Mange,
Caked Breasts,
Sore Nipples,
Curb, Old Sorea,
Corns, Whitlows,
Cram na Rnilfi.
Weakness of the Joints
Contraction ot .Muscles.
Merchant's Gargling Oil Is the standard
Liniment of the United States. Large sin-,
' 1 medium, 50c; small, ajc. Small size icr
family use. xtc. xr,t.,c..r.,s.A t r a-l . n.t
N. V,, by Merchant's Gargling Oil Company.
JOHS HODGE, Stfr.
Garget in Cows,
tracaea leats.
Callous, Lameness,
Horn Distemper,
Crownicab, Chiittor,
Foul Ulcers, Farcy,
Abcess of the Udder.
Swelled Legs,
Thrush,