r
Two Dollars per Annum.'
HENRY A. PARSONS, Jr., Editor and Publisher'
NIL DESPERANDUM,
r:-i -r.
NO. 12.
VOL. II.
IIIDGAVAY, ELK COUNTY, PA., THURSDAY, MAY 22, 1873.
' v.- f ' . ' , , x
"o Rose Without 4 Thorn.
t)no fond heart, and only one,
One bright smile ere work's begun,
One gwoot welcome when 'tis douo,
And I'm weary
Ono fond heart to cheor my lifo,
When I weary of the strife,
Have I in my little wife
Bouuy Mary.
But my rose conceals a tlioru,
Painting ever, night and morn
And our life of blind is shorn
I?y another.
"Day and night upon our hearts
Sits a shadow, and imparts
Misery, in tits and starts ;
Mary's mother.
USDER THE WATER.
The first invention to promote sub
aqueous search was the diving-bell, n
clumsy vessel which isolates the diver.
It is embarrassing, if not dangerous,
where there is a strong current or if it
rests upon a slant deck. It limits the
"vision, and in one instance it is sup
posed the wretched diver was taken
from the bell by a shark. It permits an
assistant, however, and a bold diver
will plunge from the deck above and
ascend in the vessel, to the. invariable
surprise of his companion. An example
U1 "i i penis, se.uimg in the mud,
occurred, I think., in the port of New
lork. A party of nmateurs, supported
by champagne flasks and a reporter,
went dowr,. Th0 bell settled and stuck
lio a br,y's sucker. One of the party
proporie j shaking or rocking the beli,
and doing so, the water was forced
nu'ior ami the bell lifted from the ooze.
But a descent in submarine armor is
the true way to visit the world under
water. T le first sensation in descend
ing is the sudden bursting roar of furi
ous, Niagarac cascades in the ears. It
thunders and booms upon the startled
nerve with the rush and storm of an
avalanche. The Bense quivers with it.
But it is not air shaken by reflected
blows ; it is the cascades driven into
the enclosinghelmetsby the force-pump.
As the flexile hose has to be stiilly dis
tended to bear an aqueous gravity of
twenty-five to fifty pounds to the square
inch, the force of the current can be es
timated. The tympanum of the ear
yields to the fierce external pressure.
The brain feels and multiplies the in
tolerable tension as if the interior was
clamped in a vice, and that tumultuous,
thundering torrent pours on. Involun
tarily the mouth opens ; the oir rushes
in the Eustachian tube, and with sudden
velocity strikes the intruded tension of
the drum, which snaps back to its nor
mal Btate with a sharp! pistol-like crack.
The strain is momentarily relieved to
be renewed again, and again relieved by
the same attending salutes.
In your curious dress you must ap
pear .monstrous, even to that marine
world, familiar with abnormal creations.
'The whale looks from eyes on the top
of his head ; the flat-fish, sole, halibut,
have both eyes on the same side ; and
certain Crustacea place the organ on a
foot-stalk, as if one were to hold up his
eye in his hand to include a wider
horizon. But the monster which the
fish now sera differs from all these. It
lias four greiat goggle eyes arranged
symmetrically around its head. Peer
ing through these plate-glass optics,
the diver sees the curious, strange
l)eauty of the world around him, not as
the bather sees it, blurred and indis
tinct, but in the calm splendor of its
own thalhissphere. The first thought
is ono of unspeakable admit ation of the
miraculous beauty of everything around
lii m a glory und a splendor of refrna
tiou, interference, and reflection that
puts to shame the Arabian story of the
kingdom of the Blue Fish. Above him
is that pure golden canopy with its rare,
glimmering lustrousuess something
like the soft, dewy effulgence that
comes with sunbreaks through showery
afternoons. The soft delicacy of that
tnire. straw-yellow that prevails every
where is crossed and lighted by tints
and glimmering hues of accidental and
supplementary color indescribably ele
gant. The floor of the sea rises like a
golden carpet in gentle incline to the
surface; but this incline, experience
soon teaches, is an ocular deception,
the effect of refraction, such os a tum
bler of water and a spoon can exhibit
in petty. It is perhaps the first ob
servable warning that you are in a new
medium, and that your familiar friend,
the light, conies to you altered in its
nature ; and it ia as well to remember
this and "make a note on it."
Raising your eyes to the horizontal
and looking straight forward, a new
and beautiful wealth of color is de
veloped. It is at first a delicate blue,
as if an accidental color of the prevail
ing yellow. But soon it deepens into a
rich violet. You feel as if you had
never before appreciated the loveliness
of that rich tint. As your eye dwells
upon it the rich lustrous violet darkens
to indigo, and, sinking into deeper
hues, becomes a majestio threat of
color. It is ominous, vivid, blue-black
solid, adamantine, a crystal wall of
amethyst. It is all around you. You
are cased, dungeoned ' in the solid
masonry of the waters. It is beauty
indeed.but the sombre and awful beauty
of the night and storm. ' The eye turns
for relief and reassurance to the paly
golden lustrous roof, and watches that
tender penciling which brightens every
object it touches. The hull of the
sunken ship, lying slant and open to
the sun, has been long enough sub
merged to be crusted with barnacles,
hydropores, crustacea, and the labored
constructions of the microscopic ex
istence and vegetation that fill the
sea. The song of Ariel becomes vivid
and realistic in its rich word-power :
" Full fathom five thy father lies (
Of his bones are coral made,
Those are pearls that were his eyes j
Nothing of him that doth fade
But doth suffer a sea-change
Into something rich and strange.
The transfiguration of familiar ob
jects is indeed curious and wonderful.
The hull, once gaudy with paint and
gilding, has come under the skill of
tho lapidary and sea-artist. It is crust
ed with emerald and flossy mosses, and
glimmers with diamond, jacinth, ruby,
topaz, sapphire and gold. Every jewel
shape in leaf, spore, coral or plume,
lying on s greenish crystalline greund,
is fringed with a soft radiance of silver
fire, and every point is tipped in minute
ciliato flames of faint steely purple.
It is spotted with soft velvety black
wherever a shadow falls, that mingles
and varies the wonderful display of
color. It is brilliant, vivid, changeable
with the interferences of light from the
fluctuating surface above, which trahs
mogrifies everything touches the
coarsest objects with its pencil, and
they become radiant and spiritual. A
pile of brick, dumped carelessly on the
deck, has become a huge hill of crystal
jewelry, lively with brilliant prismatic
radiance. Where the light falls on the
steps of the staircase it. shows a ladder
of silver crusted with emeralds. The
round-house, spars, masts, every spot
where a peak or angle catches the light,
have flushed into liquid, jeweled beauty;
and each point, a prism mid mirror,
catches, multiplies, and reflects the
other splendor. A rainbow, a fleecy
mist over the lake, made prismal by the
sunlight, a bunch of sub-aqneous moss,
a Ronp-bubble. ore all examples oi our i
daily experience of that transforming
power of water in the display of color.
The prevailing tone is that, soft, golden
effulgence which, like the grace of a
cheerful and loving heart, blends all
into one harmonious whole.
But observation warns the spectator
of the delusive character of nil that
splendor of color. Ho lifts a box from
the ooze : he appears to have uncorked
the world. The hold in a bottomless
chasm. Every indention, every ac
clivity that casts a shadow, gives the
impression of that soundless depth.
The bottom of the sea seems loop
holed with cavities that pierce the solid
globe and the dark abysses of space be
yond. The diver is surrounded by pit
falls, real and imaginary. There is
no graduation. The shallow concave of
a hand-basin is ns the shadow of the
bottomless well.
If the exploration takes place in the
delta of a great river, the light is affect
ed by the various densities of the
double-refracting media. At the proper
depth one can see clearly the line where
these two meet, clean cut and as sharp
ly defined as the bottom of a green j
glass tumbler through the pure water j
it contains. The salt brine or gela- j
tinous sea-water sinks weighted to the
bottom, nnd over it flows the fresh river
water. If the latter is darkened with
sediment, it obHsures the sileut depths
with a heavy, gloomy cloud. In seasons
of freshet this becomes a total darkness.
Bnt even on a bright, sunshiny day,
under clear water, the shadow of any
object in the sea is unlike uuy shade in
the upper atmosphere. It draws a black
curtain over everything under it, com
pletely obscuring it. Nor is this pecu
liarity lost when the explorer enters
the shadow ; but, as one looking in a
tunnel from without can see nothing
therein, though the open country be
yond is plainly visible, so, standing in
that submarine suauow, an nrounii is
dark, though beyond the sable curtain
of the shadow the view is clear. Ap
ply this optical fact to the ghustly story
of a diver's alleged experience in the
cabin of a sunken ship. It is narrated
that there was revealed to his appalled
sight the spectacle of the drowned pas
sengers in various attitudes of alarm or
devotion when the dreadful suffocation
came. Tho story is told with great ef
fect and power, but unless a votulic
iantern is included in the stage furni
ture, the ghastly tableau must sink
into the limbo of incredibilities.
The cabin of a sunken vessel is dark
beyond any supernal conception of
darkness. Even a cabin window does
not alter this law, though it may be it
self visible, with objects on its surface,
as in a child's magic-lantern. As the
rays of light puss through an object
flatwise, like the blade of a knife
through the leaves of a book, nnd may
be admitted through another of like
character in the plane of the first, so a
ray of light can penetrate with deflec
tion through air and water. But be
coming polarized, the interposition of
a third medium ordmarly transparent
will stop it altogether. Hence tho plate
glass window under water admits no
light into the interior of a cabin. The
distrust of sight grows with the diver's
experience. The eye brings its habit of
estimating proportion and distance from
an attenuated atmosphere into another
and denser medium, and the seer is
continually deceived by the change.
tie hesitates, halts, and is observant oi
the pitfalls about him. A gang-plank
slightly above the surface of the deck is
bordered, where its shadow falls, by
dismal trenches. There is a range oi
hills crossing the deck before him. As
he approaches he estimates tho difficul
ty of the ascent. At its apparent foot
he reaches to clamber the steep sides,
and the sierra ib still a step beyond his
reach. Drawing still nearer, ho pre
pares to crawl up ; his hand touches
the top ; it is less than shoulder-high.
But perhaps the strongest illustration
of the differing densities of these two
mendia is furnished by an attempt to
drive a nail under water, uy an nbso
lute law such an effort, if guided by
sight independent of calculation, must
lau. nauii ani experience, lesieu in
atmospheric light will control the m
cles, and direct the blow at the very
point where the nail-head is not. For
this reason the ingenious expedient of a
voltaic latern under the water has
proved to be impracticable. It is not
the light alone which is wanted, but
that sweet familiar atmosphere through
which we are habituated to look. The
submarine diver learns to rely wholly
on the truer sense of touch, and guided
by that he engages in tasks requiring
labor and skill with the easy assurance
of a blind man in a crowded street,
The conveyance of sound through
the inelastic medium f water is so dim
cult that it has been called tho world of
silence. This is only comparatively
true. The nsn hos an auditory cavity,
which, though simple in itself, certifies
the ordinary conviction of sound, but
it is dull aiid imperfect; and perhops
all marine creatures have other means
of communication. There is an in
stance, however, of musical sounds
produced by marine animals, which
seems to show an appreciation of har
mony. In one of the lakes of Ueylou
Sir Emerson Tennent heard soft musi
cat sounds, like the first faint notes of
the eeolian harp or the faint vibrations
of a wineglass when its rim is rubbed
by a wet finger. This curious harmony
is' supposed to beproduced by a species
of testaceous mollusk. A similar in
tonation is heard at times along tho
Florida coast.
Interesting ns this may be, as indica
ting an appreciation of that systematic
order in arrangement which in music is
harmony, it does not alter the fact that
to the ears of the diver, save the cas
cade of the air through the life-hose, it
is a sea of silence. No shout or spoken
word reaches him. Even a cannon-shot
comes to him dull and muffled, or if
distant it is unheard. But a sharp,
muck sound, that appears to break the
air, like ice, into sharp radii, can be
heard, especially if struck against any
thing on the water. Tho sound of
driving a nail on the ship above, for ex
ample, or a sharp tap on the diving-bell
below, is distinctly and reciprocally au
dA'lo. Conversation below the surface
by ordinary methods is out of the ques
tion, but it can lie sustained by placing
the metal helmets of the interlocutors
together, thus providing a medium of
conveyance. LijrpincoiC a Magazine.
Forest Tree Culture.
The Evergreen and Forest Tree Grow
er, a monthly, devoted to the consider
ation of the'snbjects embraced by its
title, has a valuable article on the im
minent need of action of tho people in
all nnrts of the country, especially in
the East, to provide for the future by
planting trees. From the article we
take the following remarks :
"Having visited the centers of our
lumbering trade, and carefully gathered
statistics, we find that, at the present
rate of waste, seventeen years will com
plete the destructio n of our pineries.
It is estimated that five years will suffice
for the forests of Maine, once supposed
to be exhaustless. Soon after our pine
is gone our fine hard wood forests
(which now supply the immense manu
factories, the agricultural enterprises,
and car works) will be destroyed, and
then the remaining timber will' suffer
very severe drafts. Thirty years will
inevitably seo large tracts at the East
denuded of timber, while beautiful
groves, large enough for building and
manufacturing purposes, will adorn
many portions of the West. If properly
cultivated and tended, trees will grow
to a good size in thirty years. There is
a great difference between a natural and
an artificial forest. Before us, as we
write, is a section of Scotch pine thir
teen inches through, and the tree was
thirty-five feet high. Go into many
of our well-kept artificial forests, and
you will find that the trees otten maue
a diameter of one' inch a year, and a
height of two feet ; and we have known
white pines to grow even three or four
feet a year. The soft woods often show
a yearly circle of au inch in thickness,
giving a diameter of two inches a year."
The Modoc Ambush.
In a military application the unexpec
ted misfortune which befell the United
States troops may be briefly stated. In
the morning, at seven o'clock, the weath-
. ..i " -i i a t
cr brigut aim piensani, laipium uvuu
Thomas ond a force of sixty-nine men-
infantry und artillerymen, but all acting
is infantry were detailed by Lreneral
Gillem to reconnoitre a certain position
in the lava beds where it was supposed
the wilv savages were secreted. The
instructions to Captain Thomas were to
ecounoitre this position in order to os-
rtain if the Indians were really there ;
ut. if there, he was to avoid bringing
on a general engagement, as it was the
purpose of General UUlem to send up a
lattery or two ot his mortars ana to
shell the position before entering it.
After a march of two hours along the
south flank of the lava field the recon
noitring party, in approaching a lava
butte, or little mountain of volcanic
ocks, discovering no signs oi inuians,
signalled back accordingly, only tha
next instant to nnd tnemseives unuer a
destructive fire and enveloped by the
deadly Modocs. Tho death of Captain
Thomas, Lieutenant. Howe and other
ollicers, the killing' and wounding of
more than half the little command and
the precipitate flight of the remainder,
the approach of reinforcements and the
removal ot our dead nndwounueuunner
a night of rain and darkness, were the
closing scenes of this bloody drama.
A Woman Hanged.
Susan Eberhart was hanged in Web
ster County, Ga., for murder. A few
weeks ago Enoch Spann was hanged Jor
the murder of his wife. The story of
Spann's crime was that of Susan Eber
hart s, she being connected wicn mm in
the commital of the murder,-the cir
cumstances in the woman's case need
not be rehearsed. From a belief that
her youth ond ignorance greatly lessen
ed her guilt, streuuousjexeitioiis were
made to save her. Ten of the twelve
jurymen and nvmy hundreds of citizens
petitioned the Governor ior a commuta
tion, but in vain. The fatal fact of her
aiding and abetting Spann throughout
was too plain, ana her allowing the as
sassin to come to her bed in the pres
ence of the still warm corpse too evi
dently proved a monstrous and detest
able depravity. At the appointed hour
the culprit walked cheerfully to the
scaffold. She appeared to be quite
composed, and declared that, being
quite prepared, she was wining to cue,
The execution, it is needless to say,
aroused the wildest excitement.
A Russian Crime. Several months
ago an outrage of the most villainous
sort imaginable took place in a Moscow
theatre, when some thieves raisea a cry
of fire, produced a panic, and availed
i i it.
tnemseives oi it 10 pursue meir vuca
tion. Precisely the same manoeuvre,
probably dictated by the exemplary
success of that at Moscow, has just been
performed at Nice, on the occasion of a
grand musical performance in aid of
charity bv amateurs, members of the
French aristocracy. A dreadful scene
ensued, and robbery was committed
wholesale. As this trick appears catch
iug, and the ruffians of this country are
not -a whit behind their European con
feirees ia villainy, we allude to these in
famous operations that the police may
be forewarned and lorearmea.
An Illinois woman lately diad an eye
put ut by the explosion of a tea can-nister.
A 3Iny Greeting.
Lelterfroni Bcrtliolil Aiieflmch, flie Grant
Mr mi ii n Author, to lil Countrj-uien in
America.
The following dispatch wns sent by
Anerbach, tho well known Gorman au
thor, to his countrymen in America, on
the occasion of the opening of the
Vienna Exhibition: A May greeting
sent to the New World from Gersnbnch,
iu the Black Forest, by Berthold Auer-
bach 1 What will bo your leelings, my
beloved countrymen, when, this sum
mer, you will come again to Germany
to seo the Exhibition? Germany is
your fatherland; America is your chil
dren's land. You come back like sons
ond daughters married abroad, to visit
their father's house; you are indepen
dent and free, but within your hearts
there dwells a faithful memory, and
you will find the old home still beauti
ful, and you will carry back refreshed
souls into the New World. Welcome 1
But I am prevented from mingling
with tho crowd and bustle there, and
what would a single voice signify there?
So much the more happy do I feel to be
permitted to send a message from a
verdant valley of my home.
All rivulets on earth
Have their course
they sing on the street.' Under my
window rushes the beautiful Murch
(river), driving mills and carrying rafts;
she flows into the German Rhine, the
Rhine into the oeeau. But the Ocean
of Thought, into which to-day oil is
floating that is. the Exhibition in
Vienna!
"Cuckoo!" calls the bird of spring
from the shadowy hills, and, "Look,
look!" it means when spring awakes and
all germs are budding. Thus, yonder,
therein the Exhibition, all germs of the
human mind are developed, and "Look!
look!" is the cry there also. But collect
thyself, and realize that this is no out
side voice this is the voice within thee.
Try and lay thy finger on the pulse of
the present!
.. . r 1 T1 !!.;
To the great international .uxmuiuon
the Black Forest has also contributed
virtual proofs of its industry, science
ana art ; but now litue it seems m wia
grand universal collection! Yet it is
one Bound, one note of tho great sym
phony. For all that whistling of steam,
that digging, boring, hammering, chisel
ling, down to the hardly audible move
ment of the painter's brush, all is one
complete symphony called labor. It
renews and embellishes the world! The
old legends appear new.
Tho Argonauts! Yonder, upou the
"beautiful blue Danube,"- float swim-
a tti x tt; - -
nnng mansions; irom uiin to lenna
they carry hundreds not of warriors,
but of workmen and they bring back,
not the Golden Fleece, but;the inalieu
ablo treasure of rich sights and new
energy
And another one still! Once upon a
time there were three princesses ; two
of them were highly honored, shining
iu a resplendent palace afid surrounded
by brilliant suitors, while the third had
to work for the necessities of life, sit
ting on the domestic hearth. The Cin
derella of the Old World was Labor ;
her brilliant sisters were Science and
Art. But Cinderella Labor was set
upon the thrown, and tho princes and
leaders of nations come and bow and
salute her. BHt to-day, at her grand
festival, she unites with her the sister
Beauty and the sister Wisdom. They
are no longer separated their union is
already pronounced by'the words "in
dustry of art" (Kunst-fnduslrie).
Still Science is and will remain mas
ter. The shining glories of humanity
will henceforward be free. Science and
Art ; though not directly serving the
ends of utility, they are, nevertheless,
sufficient unto themselves. They are
the wings that carry Pegasus into the
empyrean ; but through them a breath
of the higher world perviuias all lite
chained to the earth. Physical power
s measurable by horse power, but the
flight of genius is immeasurable. It is
immeasnreAble because only the under
standing of master spirits ot its time
can furnish the measure, which later
generations only learn to apply when
the ashes of the inventor have been
long in the grave.
Imagine that on this 1st day or May,
at early dawn, even before a living soul
has appeared, a man is walking through
those halls replete with labor on the
banks of the Danube ; a man who be
longs to Europe as well as to America.
He was a disciple ot tne uerman mas
ter Gutteuberg,f but also, in tho life of
his mind, a genuine "sen-made man.
Dare I undertake to recall Benjamin
Franklin ? Nearly a century before
this day he was to meet the Emperor
Francis Joseph of Austria. " Joseph
and Benjamin were brothers," sons of
one mother, Humanity. Benjamin
Franklin, walking through this gigan
tic collection ot labor, thoughtfully,
but with a beaming countenance, he
stops in front of that apparatus which
has made lightning speak, which has
caught lightning and made it harmlessly
sweep past the habitations of men, and
now it speaks over continents and
through oceans.
That is science, that is labor, which
nowadays are working miracles. Since
this has happened the idea of super
natural miracles has become obsolete.
Onward he paces, and a new devotion.
as it were, speaks from his mild fea
tures. Here is the age oi power con
centrated. where striving and daring
lead to the elevation ot Hie. What
would the Olympian games be com
pared with this ?
.... i
How many years oi laoor, oi quiet
thought, of devoted energy, are here
united before the forum of humanity ?
And here all nations are measured and
judged by the mental labor they have
accomplished, bv their visible work
done tm liberate, to elevate, and to em
bellish existence. Here is the world's
soul visible- to the eye.
It is a wonderful greeting to the
workman, the presence of ail this fin
ished work. The soul of the originator
speaks to the admirer, not only from
the written word ; nay, also out of the
hewn stone, out of iron and wood and
all materials.
Onward walks Franklin, and with a
feeling of intense joy He contemplates
the ingenious and well-considered means
invented to instruct and elevate man
kind. Forsooth, here one nation is the
tutor of the other ; here is the academy
of labor, here is the genuine university
iu the original signification of the term 1
A sense of intense pain clouds his
thoughtful brow os he contemplates the
improved instruments invented by man
to slay man. When will tho creative
conquer the destructive genius of man ?
When, at last, will eternal peace unite
all nations on this expanded, beautiful
ei- ......... ...
But as lie loons at tne tars ami
Stripes he is recalled to a sense of joy,
and murmurs to himself words of de
light, which he will only openly express
at the centennial celebration of the in
dependence of the United States.
At this moment the doors of the In
ternational Exhibition are thrown open.
A new migration of nations begins. A
new era of universal labor dawns upou
the world.
Bertholu ArEr.BAcn.
Personal Journalism.
A Ruse.
Years ago Capt. Downing hod com
mand of the sloop-of-war Vandalin, and
was cruising in the South Pacific Ocean.
A French merchant vessel, in which
were two American citizens, engaged in
traffic at the time in New Zealand, was
driven ashore on tho rocky coast of
Chatham Island, and all her crew mur
dered by the natives. The captain of a
Dutch trader, who had witnessed the
butcherv. but had been unable to ren
der any assistance, brought information
of the' fact to the Bay of Islands, where
the Vandalia lay. Capt. Downing set
sail at once, and upon reaching Chatham
Island, distant some three Hundred
miles from New Zealand, he found the
wreck of the merchantman, and he also
fouud traces of the slaughter ; but the
murderous natives had fled into the
rocky fastnesses of the interior, and he
could not catch them. They had seen
his ship coming in, and had recognized
it ns a man-of-war.
Downing knew that it would be use
loss, as well os dangerous, to lead his
men on the chase into the tangled wiuis
of the island, and after cruising a while
up and down the forbidding coast, he
sailed away. Two days afterward he
fell in with a Yankee whaler tho Kod
ney Farwell, of New Bedford and en
tered into nn arrangement with her
commander for hoodwinking the Chat
ham Islanders. Capt. Downing trans
ferred his whole crew a hundred and
eighty men on board the whale-ship,
with plenty of small-arms and ammuni
tion, leaving a few of his officers, with
the whaler's crew, to take care of the
Vandalia, and once more made sail for
Chatham Island, which he reached just
in the edge of the evening, nnd cast
anchor in the small bay of the village.
On the following morning a few of
the natives ventured off in a canoe ; but
Downing did not allow them to come
on board. He exposed just enough of
his men to keep up his chpracter as a
whaleman, and no more. He gave to
these visitors a few trinkets, however,
and made them understand that he
wanted to get wood and water. They
returned to the shore, and two hours
later a large war canoe came off, with
fifty men in it, armed with spears and
bows.
Downing allowed this delegation to
board him, though ho well knew they
had como for the purpose of murder
and robbery. The tussle which fol
lowed was severe, and a dozen of the
rascals were shot down before the rest
were overcome. But they were finally
conquered, and among the prisoners
was tho chief of the island.
Once more on board his own ship,
with his prisoners safely in irons, Capt.
Downing returned to the Bay of
Islands, where he found a French
frigate. It had been a French ship
which the Chatham savages had ravaged,
and to the tender mercies of the officers
of the frigate the American commander
resigned his captives. Ledger.
W hat n Tell Known Editor has to Soy
About It. .
Mt. Henry WTattcrson of tho Louis
villo Courkr-Journol delivered on ad
dress before the Indiana Press Associ
ation nt Indianapolis, from which the
following extract is taken :
Wo have heard a denl of late years
about personal and impersonal journol
;... t.. nf America we must
i.ntro mi abundance of personal
journalism; it is an appendage to our
condition as well as a result of our char
acter. During our civil war, it was re
marked by foreigu officersof experience
M ho had come here to observe the pro
gress of military events that individual
valor and exploits not merely count for
:n. tlion tlipv do with Euro-
pcan armies, but that they are required
by our Boldiery, who keep a close watch
on their leaders. This is a republican
habit, and, as far as editors are con
nnvnoi 1 it. is rendered the more scrutm-
o,1 inevitable bv the comparative
smallness of our towns, which are not
hirffe enough to afford concealment to
on individual occupying a conspicuous
local place. Those who read a newspa
per are pretty sure to find out who it is
that edits it ; thero is no possible es
no . tim'mnn'n simple comings in nnd
goings out will discover him ; and just
n's he happens to be a person of excep
tional character or characteristics is he
likelv to be marked ond talked of, until,
r.tv well known, and having
himself charged with all the virtues ant
oil H.o nfTeriKes of his loumal, he is, in
voluntarily, apersonal journalist. There
;a immmniinl iniimalism in England,
because the English press is conducted
by scholarly dummies, who, dwelling m
London, to which the press is confined,
are able to lead reclusive lives, and
dm. linina' for the most part the em
pn
ployoes (A men who publish newspapers
as the" would tramo in ureminmun, ..m
not pa'id enough or permitted to display
a costly nnd offensive individuality. Iu
America the power of the press is not
consolidated in a single great city. All
the larger towns have their journals and
their journalists ; some of them of the
richest and most notable. In this way
journalism " with ns, os in France,
though for an opposite reason, opens v.
road to wealth and fame which is closed
to tliA iournalist of England, who, from
necessity and not from choice we may
be sure,' leads an obscure life and goes
tn hia n-rnvA "unwept, unliouored, and
v,v.u,..,.r " ATmi nf virrorous parts and
' sound understandings do not willingly
part with their identity. I his is a poi
tion of the heritage which God has giv
en to mankind, our finer part, for it
causes us to strive, to labor, to aspne,
to keen ourselves honorable and pure,
to Rep I; thfl rrood will and good report of
our fellow-men. Personalism is only
nl.ioetionablo when it becomes physic
ally blatant or absurd, nnd degenerates
into niero childish vanity or idiotic con
ceit. It is considered, and it is, a most
ennobling and admirable quality, when
it causes Morton and Sclrnrz to detach
themselves from the rest in order that
they may tell millions of their country
men what they think on this question
and on that. The journalist does not,
in his most personal moments, display
himself half so much as these, and,
while he is to be warned against using
his great vehicle to the mere tickling of
his own vanity, he is surely not to be
blamed for going in nt the front door,
instead of creeping round by way of the
back alley, nor stigmatized for holding
his head up m the lace oi an tne worm,
mm ni hi, serf toto genitum se credere
mundo.
Practicable Imforinatioii.
It is always well to know what to do
iu case of accident : For dust in the
ves, avoid rubbing ; dash water in
them ; remove cinders, etc., with the
round point of a lead, pencil. Remove
water from the ear with tepid water ;
never put a hard instrument in the ear.
If an artery is cut, compress above the
wound ; if a vein is cut, compress be
low. Is choked, get upon all fours
and cough. For slight burns, dip the
part in cold water : if the skin is
destroyed, cover with varnish. Snioth
er a tire with carpets, etc, ; water will
often spread burning oil, and increase
danger, iietore passing tnrougn smoue,
take a full breath and then stoop low,
but if carbon is suspected, walk erect.
Suck poisoned wounds, unless your
mouth is sore ; enlarge tne wound, or,
better, cut out the part without delay
Extorting Confessions.
The police of India have novel ways
of extracting confessions from their
prisoners without torture. One method
applied to opium eaters is perfectly
simple and sociable. The policeman
1 , i : i
Sits down opposite ins primmrr unu
playfully keeps an opium ball rolling
abo'ut the palm of his hand. Of course
the prisoner suffers like Tantalus him-
. . 1 . . . . Al. .. Ail.
self, and the consequence is viiai me
policeman very soon gets his story and
the prisoner hisopium. Another method,
used where there are a number of pris
oners suspected of the same offense, re
minds one 01 similar proceeumirs iu
Arabian tales. One man is taken from
the number and locked up alone, while
his companions imagine that he is in
the next room. Iu this room are several
inspectors, who proceed to stoutly be
labor nn euiptv sacK nangiuR m me
corner, one of them keeping up a vio
lent groaning. This over, the man is
loudly called upon to confess, and a
constable simulates a confession in a
low, mumbling voice. All this little
comedy seems a stern tragedy to the
trembling prisoners in the other room,
and when the next man is brought out
lie is almost sure to make a full con
fession.
A Beautiful Experiment on Sound.
The following beautiful experiment,
described by Professor Tyndall, shows
how music may be transmitted by on
ordinary wooden rod. In a room two
floors beneath his lecture room there
was a piano upon which nn artist was
E laying, but- the audience could not
ear it. A rod of deal, with its lower
end resting upon the sounding board of
the piano, extended upward through the
two floors, its upper end being exposed
before the lecture table. But still no
Round was heard. A violin was then
placed upon the end of the rod which
was thrown into resonance by the as
cending thrills,' and instantly the music
of the piano was given out in tne ieo
ture room. A guitar and harp wer
substituted for the violin, and with the
same result. The vibrations of the
niano strings were communicated to the
sounding board, they traversed the long
rod, were reproduced by the resonant
bodies above, the air was carved into
waves, and the whole musical composi
tion was delivered to the listening audi
ence. One of the presents at a recent wed
ding in Rochester Minn., was an acci
dent insurance policy for $3,000, cover
ing the groom for twenty-four hours.
A Lepers' Village.
A Cnrloua Town In tho Bund viricU IslnnU .
Ill William R. Bliss's' new book of
travel in the Sandwich Islands he de
scribes os follows a ' Lepers illaM .
"There is leprosy in the Hawaiian
blood, but none of it is to be en in
Honolulu, as those who are afflicted w itu
it ore sent to the lepers' village, on tne
island of Molokai. .
ii t,. iuit tin. acttloment on Molokai.
which is about thirty mites east of Hon
olulu, we embark on a clipper-schooner
bound to winuwora 10 uiiii8 ii -cargo
of sugar from Lohaina town
on the island of Maui, where lepers may
be seen in its ono broad sireei.
After rolling to starboard ami
to larboard all night long, the
schooner 'heaves to' at sunrise on tne
southern coast of the is and, and we are
set ashore from a small boat in the little
harbor of Ivaunaliam.
" The island is green with vegetation,
but is nearly deserted. There are less
than fifteen hundred persons on it, al
though it contains ono hundred nnd
seventy square miles. As we ride on
horseback away from the shore, up the
ascending plains, in a northeastern di
rection , we pass deserted garden pn tones ,
fallen walls and ruins of native huts,
on which knots of long grass are waving
like signals of distress.
" Crossing a succession of green hil fl,
we come suddenly to tho brink of the
precipice of Kalaupapa, which looks
north to the ocean and is two thousand
feet high. Below, from the foot of the
precipice, stretches a plain, diversihed
with hills and vales, nnd reaching to the
distant she re, where it curves like a
scythe into the sen, turning up a white
swath against tho trade wind. in
plain is covered with luxuriant vegeta
life on it. Here
and there a few brown uuU catfh
eve. Far on the right are dots of white
houses, luaiiii mo ! V tKoi
steep bridle-path zigzags uu
front of the precipice, and we must de
scend it. Under wreathing vines, white
blossoms and swinging trailers,
adorn and obstruct the descent
valley of death, tho horses step care
fully and tediously. In an hour t hey
reach the plain, when a gin"!' "
miles brings us to tne buiuimu.-".
consists of detached houses, enclosed
by low walls or picket fences, standing
in open pasture lands and sweet potato
fiflds. Papnra, puhala, banana trees
and a winding brook give a picturesque
a flip village. Its horizon
r , , 1tt (lower-
off tho
and on the other side .UV uio
is bounded on ono side by the
. 1. ...l.iitil
nov.'i-ei nreeinicc. wiueii pii
world,
ocean.
" 'Every prospect pleases, and only man iH vile.'
"Every person in this community is
a leper. Of those who have not
hands or feet, the men till the ground
and tho women braid mats. Those who
cannot take care of themselves are
nursed in hospitals by leper nurses.
The boys and girls go to school to leper
teachers, learning the branches of n sim
ple education which none of them can
probably live long enough to appreciate.
They leave the school with froeilsomo
shouts; they romp across the green fields,
enjoying the air and sunshine like chil
dren in other lands, uueonsciousol their
misfortune. ,
" In a grassy field near the sen-shore
stands a little church, visited nil day
by the sun nnd sea-breeze. Here iv
native minister, a leper, leads religious
services on Sunday for his miserable
fellows.
" These poor people seem to oo con
tented. Arat'on ot live pounds oi liesii
meat and twenty pounds ot vegetables
is issued weekly, in addition to what
each one cultivates witn nis own muwi.
This support is so much better than any
Hawaiian ever has nt nome.iimt u n..
living on other parts of the island have
desired to make themselves lepers in
order to be taken care of in this little
village of death. As we turn owoy for
our homeward journey, it is natural iu.
wish, for the sake of humanity, that
there might be in tins ueuumui
a river Jordan into which these miser
able people conld dip ana be cieuusi-u.
But the curse of Elish upon his corrupt
servant seems to bo irrevocably fixed
upon them:
Th lenroKV of Naam&n shall cleave unto
thee and unto thy iseed forever."
How a Fortune Prevented a Marriage.
Some time ago, says a Montreal pa-
Mm miini1nil t.nvf ( o no nun TlPf fl. WPIlltllV mul i'ascinatiucr young
be borne to a hot coal, or end of a widow came from New York and toon
cigar. In case of poisoning, excite up her abode in Montreal, hileboard-
vomi'Hurr l,v tieklinff the throat, or hv ing there she fell in love wun a son oi
warm water and mustard. For acid her landlady, a handsome youth, t
n,li . f,. ll.-nl,-,. I twontv venva nf nre. The -VOUllg
llUllsuun Ulio maim. , iu. uiuimiuv . . . . . . . , , - - - o
good in most cases ; in case of opium fate called him away to the West where
poisoning give strong coffee and keep
moving 11 in water, noat on me uacii,
with the nose and mouth projecting.
For apoplexy raise the head and body ;
for fainting lay the person flat.
Single Beds.
a situation had been procured for him.
Cupid, however, called him back, the
widow proposed passing strange and
was accepted. Things bavicg gone so
I smoothly, the wedding was nppoimeu
for an early day, ana tne iauy uuu nur
intended were beiug congratulated on
their happy future, when unfortunately
.. large double bed, which has held -ir nappy ,
its own ior centuries, is iun iumiiK --- - ,. :n vpw Yorv baviuff
foitune would be forfeited nothing
would be left to her but a bare allow
ance. Here was a dilemma. However,
a fortune isn't got every day ; so, after
due deliberation, the match was uronen
off. The despair of the would-be young
bridegroom may be easily imagined, for
when the news irom JNew iom came iu
hand, he still wished to marry the wid
er, one abstracts irom tne outer noma
amount of vital force. This is especial
ly the case where old ond young persons
share the same lieu, uesides, in a room
where there is no decided current of air,
the emanations from the lungs and skin
of a sleeper poisons the atmosphere for
a considerable distance. In the publio
wards of great hospitals, never less than
two and a half feet is allowed between
iwo and a nun ieei is luiuneu uciwccu i i n i 1 1
each bed for this reason. In the sleeping JleUkt
.. t 11 II
as his proposed tnue wouia mrow
apartments of royalty and nobility siugls
beds are everywhere the rule, and no
exception. The Lmperor of Uerniany
sleeps upon a narrow bed and hard mat
tress. The- single bed covering is a I
wadded silk ouilt. The Emperor and
Empress of Austria take their royal
slumbers on similar beus, witn tne same
description of coverlet. One of the
principal advantages of these narrow
beds is that the mattresses are easily
aired, and that, in tne opinion oi au Btreetg exceeding sixty-five feet in width,
house-wives, must oe a very important the municipai authorities have the pow-
consideration. n the height to b oarrind to
away. .
A Good Idea. In Paris, the height
of buildings iB determined by law ac
cording to the width of the streets.
Thus the buildings cannot exceed thir-
jty-eight feet in height in streets less
than twenty-six feet wide ; forty-eight
feet in streets from tweuty-sn to thirty
I two feet in width. For boulevards and
. Mai. -Gen. Heury W. Halleek left an
estate valued at $430,785. His widow
has removed to California,
a maximum of sixty-five feet, provided
that in no case the building shall have
more than five stories.