• -
eile Morning 'Post.
L. HARPER, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR
PITTSBURGH:
TUESDAY' MORNING, JAN. lIARY 9, 1849
Printing- (K at.
CORNER pF,WOOD AND FIFTH STREETS.
1217- -
Baying gilded to our Establishment, a splendid
Steam-Power Printing Machine, we are prepared to d
: all kindsof Newspaper and Book work in a style ofnno
• surpassed beauty and neatness, and upon the most rea
sonable termsrL-Wei resp etfully . solicit •
the patronage or
{lie public in this line of oar business. -
rAdte ti e width had theiripirrspifors
io'catry P 'Tat must bi Compiietrialhtitt Order, toin
s yre an *nsertion. Whenit ispassible, an earlinkiiirivoukt,
, . , .
tr . E. - I,V, CAR, Uniteil - StiiiiiNeliespalie - r Aiency
Sun Buildings, IC E. corner of Third end Dock sirens,
sid,e) Norili.Fourthstreet—iapurOnlysinthotisidAgent
:;„ . In Philadelphia. • - ,
•
• 1
in - For Commeraial arid Riyer Newi,
•ee nail Page. . . .
'rtica.atest,Zifiraii, Market Reports, &e.,
.be round,mindor. Telegraphio.
ELECTION THIS MAY.
Citizen's and Workingmen's Candidate
adimaziroft , s imEsstios.
Ore this doeuinent this 4norning,•to the en.
,elesicn of other - matter:: 'Weljtaie glanded Over it;
in bank inlet fashion, to See. nhat might bein it
crimmendable; and'nhat fituity t Vpon the whole,
•
-wet think it rather creditable; coining, as it does;
,
front the pen.of the iteknowledged timid of the Whig
The G overnor}
party in this State.. The Governori in many que
;anst towardathe Denmeratie party ;; and from
our knowledge of his past asioeiations, we'dor not
' doubt; that if hO:had dared let conseience and judg-
ment'direct his hapd, while setting_up Ole pleasage,
we now would have had;the Pleasnie,Of pirasing a
document us fully -end , entirely' Democratic's! any
ever .penned by the lamented. Stamm No: are,
howeier, thankfulfor the concessions "makes:
, s he
- Ile in effect acknowledges the correctness of rutty
cf thidoctrines of our 'tinny, in, defende of which
we Save Struggled through violent ctuitests with the
We propose to give a sort of to the
Messpge; in;the folloiring
The Governor fiist noticesa few of the events of
11)e paatyear.' The result of the War "with 'facile°
donbtfuli , s , with such a soldiery.as ours.
very' pretty' triqute is paid to the Pennsylvania
volunteers; • •
` The tleath'of , Gov. Shank' is noticed in a manner
;-1 that tines hOnor to the heart of hia successor: '
Thw tribute, vi followed by e detailed expbtnatioa
of the ciremnataricaa - which tranapired after the re
aignalioit of Gov. We have not taken any
irttbrtst
..thia quettion, though it extitedaomdcon
troversy at the time; we therefore have no opinion
tcreN7, B9 . . -• ;
" A:e.orishlerible portion of . thtiMesiaits is devoted
' to the.history x and present condition, of the loans,
subscilhed ror;by. certain Banks, under the Act of
1 / 3 11.. We call attention to tkis matter, for it iaoge
thejeciple of the State have a direct -in
-•• ' •
.
The ,payment- of interest on public debt in ,{ a
Sound. cOniertibln:currency :is recommended.
Also, the.collection of the revenues of the State in
stick funds so can be - readily-:converted into specie.
The Governor suggests a plan for rr assessments
and "collection of Taxia which he deems neces.
eery. Ile argues, this necessity by a display of
figures. "
Here cpmes some abominable stuff about 4, Pro
tecticn.” 'We have read it; yes, we read it all—
teli..‘yeare ago; for no new arguments can be ad:
duced in support of a principle so' manifestly false.
a spectacle do we behold now? While the
tyrint-haters , yilidamthropists of the- civilized
world are struggling to throw off did barbarian re
.
strictive aysteiri;wit ha.ie here, in the enlightened
~p,tete otTenusiiiinia, Governor who does not hes
t *ate Ad •recommend perpetuation of the :Tariff
latvs. TIM. time must come when-Such schemes of
the aristocracy:Will milt be 'countenanced by tiny
(:government; our - Union, which has taken the lead
in all item. reforms; shottleriot be' behind the old
countries in efforts to throw. off measures which
cripple Commerce, rob labor,and establish social die,
: - tinctietis in viiocketylastied, upon money: To thdati .
who. read what. Gov, Johnsen says, we recommenda
Perusal 13rWalicer , i'Report. If this doei not ex.'
pose the fallacy and-wickedness of the Protective
theoriiii we thee commend a careful readings f
- r any standard work on'Pelitical Economy.
...Gov. J. seems extensively from Washington,Madi
,-.. son, Monroe and others, in 'defence of his notions
on:the Subject of the Tariff., He might go back .a
filitheicanirquote froin.great and good men,
very deep arguments why witches should be burned.
We honer the great men and patriots of the past;
but we beg to be eicused from following their poli
theories; or looking to them as guides. The
experience of the petit 'few. yenta, is worth all the
ancient books now on shelves. .
The Governor devotee a large portion of his Mee
sage to the State Deb,t. To'ihoise interested in the
. .
finances of ,the,State, this will be importaM. The
=.'revenne will equal the expensen of the year. But
the ;State is in*condition no bettet than heretofore,
for thci debt has not been- diminished. A careful re
vision of the revenue ' biws'is", recommended. The
policy of exacting from each Bank that may be re
chartermi a certain par centage on its capital, in ad
dition,
to the taxes "already assessed, is also ,
recom
mended: in this way din Brat() Debt may be dimin.
• islied.or extinguished. ,
That pbrtion of the Message devoted to Banks is
not as favorable tnthciie institutions tea Whig Gov.
siotild be. Intact Gov. J. is inclined to fol.
iow in the fOotsteps'of hiapredeimestior.- `la ormolu
oianx he soya * I should- deem it right to
leave the present policy in relation to those corpo.
rat%ons, as, it ha been maintained ittforrter years?)
A plan for preventing, the circulation of small
.. :notes ioProPoied , •
•In relation to the Ten - Hour 'Litw, the Governor
reCOmmende the ,repealof 'Aka special contract
After eileaking thiorably of the. "
ge” and noticing some minor matters, the Message
Election To. Day.
As a politichin we feet nis - interest in the contest
of to-day. We co* have no hope of success for
purvey at the present time.
The Whigs have 'presented a candidate who is
kdown too well in This community to require eriti
-ChM frowns. For-evidence ofchayacter and fitness
'we refer to a large and,respectable portion of their
own party.
A gantlethae was nominated in . a Democratic
Convention, and is offered as a "Citizensi Candi
iot) ualificationio re ou e d btedii q have
yet to hoar of it. 'As a man he is above reproach;
' a citizen-he hba been useful is Council'and other
stations In'short lie la `well fitted for the office of
Yet', end s deierVing or confidence— Hie r election
. • can not be claimed •at a Democratic victory, -for if
elected it will he by the votes of hundreds of Whigs.
We appeal to the people of Pittsburgh whether
; they would riot rather have a , good Mayor than a
.. , FVhigMayor.. We appeal to' working men Whether
they do not prefer one oftheir own number to a man
who affecti to 'despise them.
We will vote rot- CALVER ADAMS to-day, sod for
,the reasons indicated, hope to hear of hie sac-
faisA crowd of drunken rowthen talked of 'fight
- 1: ipg,,neur the.corner _ of Fifth and 'Food,Cn Shnduy
, evening t• box they did n't, for_cowarfirlubb as they
are never put their threats into execution.
' .•"","
•
' The Cleveiand P . laindealer, or the Stkinst., notice*
that 'the Bank of Nortialk haa . at last gone
board. •• -- •
The eane'papet, of the' 4th,innoineee , that the
Batticof Seedbeki kW:finally and forever g! sue
peniled." s • -
From the above items we think we may say that
implicit faith may riot, with safety, be placed in of
ficial reports of Ohio Bank Officers.
MAYOR'S Orrrcr—Monday Morning.—There Were
, .
five or =or the world', outcasts in the Tombs.—
Two 'of them were women. The first was a I hale
looking Irish woman who told her story :without
mach trotible,, ' She was charged' with vagrancy; but
said she had - a home in Ohio, to which she wanted
to go when circumstances would permit. _ "I'll send
you up for five days." "Oh, well, get rested
then .0 3 . saying which she .went laughing to her seat.
A boy was breught up charged with drunkenness.—
lie had been at the fira ; and took too much. Then
was a river man—a wretched looking one, too—up
on the charge of vagrancy, he was sent to jail for
twenty- oar hours. Next came another river man, a
stout Irish boy, who.had entered theraptain's office,
tinif'sfilicited lodging for the night—which was grant
ed. .The Captain said this was the third time be had
been kept in the cells of the watch house, and he
detertninefi this time to know something about him.
The result - of the, investigation was a commitment
for twiilays. The last case was a miserable look
'Mg old. woman who , spoke some of the dead
languages; for no one understood her. When we
lef the officers were hunting an interpreter.
I Wi 1
IMMZI
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,
-iftag Dints Blowing Ili).
LOCAL MATTERS.
Futtzsisz or YOUNG Hays.—Our citizens did credit
to themselves, and to the name of the city, yester
day, in the tionorw done to the memory of WILLIAM
Flays, Jr... At a o'clock,..nearly jilt the stores, of
fices,and business houses, were closed. The Courts
adjourned; the fires of public works -were put
doivrk; sChooli . weie dismissed', and the whole mass
of people in the city suspended their accustomed
labors for a feiy hours in the afternoon. At the ring
ing of the bells, the firemen began to gather at their
respective houses, and then formed. At about I o'-
clock the Funeral Procession started from the resi
dence of the deteased, on. Liberty street, for the
Cemetery.
The. Procession was headedby the Fire Wardens
and Officers of the Association.. Next came the
members of the Eagle, and in succession the mem-,
hers of the Ddinesne, Niagara, Uncle Sam, Vigi
lant, Allegheny, Washington, Lafayette. After
theee the Public Officers and others; carriages con
taining TIM. HEARSE, followed by car
ridges 1 . ,• .. it1i-..staourners. About fifty carriages with
citiserfe, and one or two hundred on foot, went be
bind. ,
The ceremonies were conducted in the most sol
emn and impressive manner; and must have been
gratifying to the relatives and friends of the de
ceased.
QUMITEU SESSIOBB—Monday, Jan. 8, 1849.—Pres
ent Judge Patton.
After the jury was empanelled, and some trifling
business disposed of, C. Slider, Esq., made some
remarks in relation to the lamentable death of Wm.
Hays, Jr., and offered the following, which was or
dered to be placed upon the minutes of the Court:
That as a token of respect to the memory, and
sympathy for the family of Wm. Hairs, Jr., a citizen
fireman who perished in the conflagration of the 6th
inst., this Court will adjourn at 12 o'clock, to attend
his funeral. And, that a certified copy of this order
be delivered by the clerk to the family of the de
ceased.
Com.s . s."Adam A. Scott.—lndictment," Larceny."
Plea" Not Guilty." Prosoeutors A. A. Mason & Co.
For Commonwealth, Messrs. Bigham, Shaler and
Shinn ; for Defence, Menu. Kerr, Black ulid Mc-
Clure.
The first witness called was Mr. Baker, a clerk in
Mason's store. His .testimony was against the pri
soner. When the hands of the clock indicated 111
o'clock, the Court adjourned, though the true time
We will not give Mr. Baker's testimony until the
'defendant's witnesses are heard.
Jan.—Yesterday morning the Coroner
held an Inquest. Upon the body of a man named
Won Muarn,'who was found dead in a Jail cell. A
few days ago he was committed to prison by an Al
derman of the sth Ward, on the charge of vagran
cy. On Sunday evening be became unwell, and the
jailor put another prisoner in with him during the
night to watch Dim. About daylight yesterday he
died. The Coroner held an Inquest and the Jury re
turned a verdict of "death from visitation from God."
We noticed that some of the Jurors seemed anx
ious to start a report that Muria had died of Cholera!
One of them exclaimed: "Its Cholera, sure!" The
'Stridence was that he bad come up the river on a boot
and vomited before dying! just as though men had
never died after arriving from the South before the
Cholera was known; and as though men did not vom
it when afflicted with other diseases.
In the District Court of Allegheny County, Janu
ary 8, 1848 : On motion of Mr. Metcalf, it is or
dered that, as a token of respect for the memory,
and of sympathy for the family of WrcramtHAVß,
a citizen fireman, who perished in the conflagration
of the 6th inst., this Court will adjourn; that the
Court and Bar will attend the funeral, and that a
certified copy of this order be transmitted by the
clerk to the family of the deceased.
Mai. John B. Guthrie, requests as to state that for
the present, he Custom House and Pension Agency
office is at L. S. Waterman'e warehouse on Water
We also learn from Mr. Guthrie, that alt the
books, papers, &c., belonging to the office of Sur
veyorof Customs wore saved.
IS The "Bth of January" happened on yester
day, and was not even noticed by a paper, nor corn
memporated by a public gathering. What a change!
A few years ago this day was regarded as a national
holiday ;"now it is forgotten. This should not be.
We wish the old custom of celebrating it could be
revived.
!rte' The Mayor's election takes place to-day in
both our cities. We mention the fact because there
seems to be ao little interest taken in the matter.
Franklin's birth-day comes on the 17th, we
believe. Will not the printers of this city get up n
party of some kind, in commemoration of the great
event ?
Dir Ice dealers aro now busily engaged In filling
their houses. •
Vote for Mayor.
I will vote for Isaac Harris, this day, for Mayor of
our city. He tells us he has lived hero near fifty
years; and we know he seldom or never asks for
office; and has done more in the making of our ca
nal, than any of our citizens : for when our State
gave way, and could not borrow money, he, as a
merchant, dealing with the contractors, lent them
money, treated them with food and raiment for their'
bands, and,aided the State in her difficulties; to push
forward and complete this great job. He has also
done teach for the glorious Temperance cause ; and
has, in his old age, often served our city, State and
county 5' and now offers himself a candidate for
Mayor. And let us vote fpr and elect him.
Jan. 8,4 e A Prrrammonsa.
MP" Printers' JOURNEYMEN
PRINTERS of the two cities are requested to meet at
the Chronicle Job 'Office, this evening,' at 7 o'clock, to
make arrangements Mr tiproper celebration of FRANK
LIN'S birth-day, Januaryl7th. janl
117' Thanks... The Niagara Fire Company would
take this method of returning their sincere thanks to
Jno. Owens and Mrs. Wm. Thorn, for Refreshments
furnished at the Fire, on the morning of the 6th instant.
Also, to Col. F. Yost, for Refreshments at the Fire'on the
evellingaf the 7th inst.
By:order of the Company
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void
P''
MEI
bOVENOWS ME SgA GE
.
To. the Senate and - Rouse IrOsePifittitles.
- --of the Commonwealth :Peattsytpcfnim •
FELLOW CITIZENS . - cperferin- .
ing the responsible, dittioa e nfein . e4. by the
Constitution, oirtheßxecutive of the State,
a sincere pleasuresf felt in addreasing you at
the commencement of each session of the
Legislature, the immediate representatives of
the people. To present to theni inlaithful
candor the true condition of public affairs; to
suggest-remedies for known want's; to aid in
the enactment , or , Mich theaaures as the in
,
threats, happiness and 'welfare of the citizens
.seem deinand,ls not: the less. : gmtifying,
that it is made the duty of the Executive De
partment. The events of this, past year will
not fail to teach us the lesson of rutoverruling
Providence, and the gratitude we , owe as a
people, for the blessings which, through the
wisdom of Almighty goodness, have been
vouchsafed to the nation. When the Repre
sentatives of the people last met, there ex
isted between our country and a neighboring
Republic, a fierce and hitter war. ,The result,
indeed, was not doubtful, for, with a people
justly celebrated among nations, for their un
, conquerable bravery, unsurpassed skill, in
military, affairs, and their great supetiority
over their enemies in physical and-mental
qualities, *ictory was the necessary cense
quence; yet the undecided contest was%
source of profound regret, for the sacrifice of
human life, and the expenditure of public and
private treasure necessary to the re-estab
lishment of our own peaceful relations.
It is, therefore, gratifying to know that
the war has fully terminated, and that peace,
the rational - desire of all, sheds again its
bleasings on every portion of our country.
' To the Almighty Father who in mercy tiirn
ed the hearts of the rulers of bcith countries
to lay aside the sword, to cultivate the spirit
of brotherly kindness and to establish peace
ful relations between the citizens of their re
spective governments, we owe the deepest
and most fervent gratitude. The abundance
of our harvests, the blessings of continued
and general health. and the • preservation of
our civil and religi ous rights, as guarahtied to
us, by the free institutions of, our-country,
while destitution, misery and convulsed gov
ernments, and pecarioas civil and religious
institutions harrass the people of other lands, ,
should produce in our hearts a fervent ac
knowledgment of His superintending kindness
and mercy.
In the late contest with Mexico, this Common.
wealth was cidled upon by del National Govern.
meat, to furnish a portion of the troops deemed
necessary by the constituted authorities to carry
the war to a successful issue. With this requisi
tion; it is scarcely necessary to state, uur Common
wealth complied with the alacrity which has here.
tofore distinguished her among her sister repels.
lies. A large volunteer force was instantly placed
et the disposal of the National Government, and
it is a matter of just prido to their fellow citizens,
that in the discharge of every duty, those value.
leers maintained the honor of the State, and the
renown of their thonntry. The - citizen soldier
who fortunately escaped death has returned to
his family and friends, Sfter having earned, for
himself and the State, a reputation for undaunted
bravery, for enduring and patient suffering, and
manly and heroic virtue, that the future annalist
will ntslight to record.
It is due to these patriotic citizens, that their
commonwealth do some act as en acknetvledg.
meat of their past illustrious services. To the
memory of the dead who felt in the service of
their country; it is the duty of the State to erect
a suitable monument, that theirtbravery tied virtue
may be enduringly remembered, and their heroic
sacrifices emulated in other times, should the bon.
or and safety of the country require it from future
generations.
Since the adjournment of the last. Legislature,
the Chief Executive, Officer of the Common
wealth, the late Governor Shank. his sunk be.
need' the malady which then afflicted him. Ile
died on the 20th day of July, 1848.
It will not be deemed improper in me to say a
few words in reference to the character of the
triune deceased:
The late Gov. Shank, having spent a large portion
of biotite in the public service, and having mingled
much with his fellow citizens. was well and eaten..
'lively known tnroughont the State; and it is with
pleasure that &circumstance is recalled4o my mind;
hat at one period of his life! had the honor to enjoy
it intimate personal friendship.
During our intimaey, it always gave him great
pleasure to aid and assist • the young and inexpert.
enced, to relieve the distressed, and to impart to his
follow men, by words of kindness and deeds of chir.-
ity, as large a share of happiness u his condition
would allow.
His intercourse with others was courteous, his
friendships wore lasting. his uttachnuents strong and
enduring, while his resentments far injuries were
transitory. and made oo permanent impression in his
bosom. It may, with truth he said of Gov. Shank,
that he was a sincere friend, a good neighbor, a pare
christian. and an honest man. Such was the reputa.
lion ho sustained among his fellow citizens, when
my intimacy with him, gave me a knowledge of his
character, and although a difference of political
views ;operated os, for many years, before his death,.
his friends eta dater period of his life, have some
testimony that the same purity of intention, and do.
sire of well doing remained with him until the hour
of his dissolution.
The Legislature is respectfully invited to take
such action in relation to the decease of the lit
chief magistrate of the Commonwealth, whose death
occurred during the period for which he was elected,
as may be deemed most appropriate to express its
sympathy for the sorrow and bereavment of the
surviving relatires,and to testify respect forth° me.
mory of the virtues of the distinguished dead.
Prior to the decease of Gov. Shunk; on the
9th day of July, 1848, as appears by the re
cords in the State Department, he resigned
the office of Governor of this Commonwealth,
and thereupon, under the provision of the
14th section of the second article of the Con
stitution, which declares that "incase of the
death, or resignation of the Governor, or of
his removal from office, the Speaker of the
Senate shall exercise the office of Governor,
until another Governor shall be duly quail
ifieo," the duties of the Executive Depart
ment of the Government devolved un me.
Official information of the act of resignation
did not reach me until the 17th day of July,
1848. The section of the. Conititution hero
in referred to, also declared, in reference to
the same subject, that "in such case another
Governor shall be chosen at the next annual
election of Representatives, unless such death,
resignation, or removal, shall occurawithin
three calendar months, immediately prece
ding such next annual election-4in which case,
a Governor shall be chosen at the second suc
ceeding annual election of Representatives."
By the 34th section of the act of the General
Assembly relating to the elections of this
Commonwealth, it is provided' that, "in case
any vacancy shall occur in the,office of Gov
ernor of this Commonwealth, more -than
three calendar months next preceding the se
cond Tuesday in October in every year, it
shall be the duty of the Speaker of the Sen
ate, or whoever shall be in the exercise of
the office of Governor, to issue his writs to
the Sheriff of the several counties, request
ing them to give the usual notice that an elec
tion to supply such vacancy will take place on
the 2nd Tuesday of October next thereafter;
and when such vacancy occurs within three
calendar months before the 2nd Tuesday in
October, it shall be the duty of the Speaker
i l of the Senate, or whoever shall be in the ex
ercise of the office of Governor, - to issue his
writs as aforesaid, requiring notice of such
election on the second Tuesday in October
next, after the issuing of said writs, and in
each case said writ shall issue at least three
calendar months before the election."
An examination of the Constitutional pro.:
visions, 'the act of . Assembly, and the cir
cumstance of the resignation will satisfy you,
that while the resignation occurred more than
three calendar months before the next annual
election of Representatives it took place at a
time rendering a compliance with the act of
Assembly in relation to the issuing of writs,
utterly impossiblei , In this view of the eine,
;it might have
,been deemed a, compliance of
duty, to have refrained from all interference'
in the matter, in tui much as events had put
put it otit of my power to comitly with , the
terms of the act of Assembly, directory of
JOSEPH Kerry Prep
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the mode in wbich‘thii'contititittionttl prom ,
lens oaths subject should be cairied,:,..ipt% at
feet.:.: ' • -'
After a fail and careful'exaditiailnilof the
whole matter, I believed it my; duty to issue
.. the 'writs :squiring noticee to be given that
an election would be 01y:held - on ,the 2nd
Tuesday of October. then next (Mining, for
the election of a Chief Magiatrate of this
Commonivealth. It appeared to me, that in
all cases of doubt,• there was no safer resting,
place submission to,the decision of the
people, . and that in the consuucution of the
laws relating to the point in'question, if siny
doubt arise,the better course in a Republi4an
Government was to refer to the citizen. voter
the right of selecting at the earliest period.,
his presiding officer, .rather than assume a
position which would condone official station
in • myself, beyondlthe earliest legal opponia.
tiny to surrender it into his hands. The br
genic law required the election,and the legiala
live enactment should be so construed as tr ot to
contravene`the constitutional provision: Had
the terms of the Constitution and laws clearly
given a different position, to the questien,
however, unpleasant the 'task of performing
the duties of the office without the endorie.
meat of,the people's will, they would hive
been 'faithfully executed. ' , •
In assuming, as speaker of the Senate, the •
exercise of P,xecutive functions, although not.
deeming it absolutely necessary: • firudeace
.suggested, the propriety of being gamin to a
faithful discharge of the Executive duties, and
on oath to that effect was administered tdme,
by the. Hon. the Speaker: of the •House of
Representative& •••
A law requiring in all cues of death, or re
, signation of the Govereor, or of his removal
I from office, that writs;to the Sheriffs of the
different• counties shall be issued as soon as
the Speaker of tbe Senate shall be officially.
informed of such death, resignation, or remo.
val, and requiting further, that the officer is
m Wing Executive functions should be-sworn
in-the same manner, and to the• mini° effect
as in case of a Chief Magistrate inducted into
office, determining, also, the person authori
ized to administer the oath, would obviate
future doubts, and the -same is 'respectfully
recoinmended to the legislature.
It is worthy the attention of the legislature
and the people, that no provision'exists it. the
constitution in the contingency of the death,
'or inability to serve of the Speaker of the
Senate, after the death, resignation, or remo
val of the Governor; for the selection of a
presiding magistrate. Such an event happen
ing,, the governmeht would be, left without a .
constitutional officer to emu on its opera
tions. An omission of such importance should
be supplied at the earliest possibletieriod.
Resolutions, expressive of the profound
sorrow of the Legislature, for the death . of
that illestrions patriot and sage, John gab:4
Adams, and of condolence for the family in
their bereavement, were passed by that body,
at its last session; and the Executive was di
rected to transmit the same to the widow
and family of the deceased. The letter of
the late Executive, in the performance of that
duty, and the reply of the venerable survivor,
are herewith transmitted.
The attention of the Legislature having
been called to the neglected and suffering
condition of the insane poor of the State, an
act was passed, on the 14th day of April, 184f5,
providing for the establishment of ati asylum
forthis unfortunate class of our indigent popu
lation, to be located within ten miles of the
seat of government. The. commissioners
named in this act, with funds contributed for
the purpose, by humane and benevolent citi
zens of liartisburg, aided by a liberal appro
priation made from the Treasury of Dauphin
county, purchased a farm of aboutl3o acres,
eligibly situated within a mile and a half of
the State capital. In January, 1846, these
commissioners, made a report to the Legs
lature, in which they stated, that on the cri
tical examination of the aforesaid act, such de-
facts were apparent, that they did not con
ceive themselves justified in proceeding with
the building, or in making any expenditure of
the same, appropriated by the State towards
its erection, until some modification should:be
,made in the law under which they were act
ing. To remedy these defects', a-supiclemen
tary act was passed on the 11th day of April,
1848, upon which the commioners forth
with adopted measures for tit* commence
ment of the work. A plan for , the, proposed
building was adopted, and a contract was made
with an experienced architect and builder,
for its construction.
A considerable portion of the materials, as
I am informed, has been provided; the exca
vation of the cellars and foundation has been
made; the laying of the stone masonry com
menced, and the hydraulic apparatus for
raising water to the buildmg nearly complet
ed. Of the appropriation made on account, of
this building, a warrant has been drawn for
$5,000, of which only $2,726 05 has been ex
pended. It is hoped and believed that the
work will be forwanied with as much des•
patch as is consistent with prudence, and a
proper regard for the comfortsand restoration
of the afflicted insane poor.
By the act of the 4th of May, 1841, en
titled, "an act to provide revenue to meet the
demanda on the treasury, and for other pur
poses," certain banks were authorized to sub
scribe for'a loan through the Commonwealth,
to an amount equal to a fixed per tentage
therein stated, on their respective capitals: the
amout of such loan to be placed in the trea
sury for the use thereof, in notes of said
banks, of the domination of one, two and fiat
dollars. By the terms of the law, the loan
was redeemable at any time within five years,
and was peremtory that it should be paid; and
the notes authorized to be lathed, withdrawn
from circulation, on or before the fourth day
of May, 1846. The act also provided, that
the banks issuing said notes, should receive
them at par value, in payment of debts due
their institutions. It was thought that, by
Making their redemption dependent on the
faith of the State, as well as on that of the
banks by which they were issued, a safe and
reliable currency would be constituted, while
the State Would be largely benefited by a
loan at one, instead of five and six per cent.,
as on previous occasions.
The notes thus issued, were substantially the
creatures of the banks. They constituted a loan
to the Commonwealth; were; required to be paid
into the treasury, inthe manner prescribed in the
law, and were redeemable at their par value at
the counter of the banks; and the circumstance of
the faith of the State to that of the banks, being
pledged for their redemption, could , not raise a
rational doubt of their constitutionality. How far
a subsequent act, passed the 31st day of May,
1844, by relieving the banks from all respoosibili.
tv touching their redemption and payment, there.
by making them an issue on the part of the Com
menwealth, redeemable at the treasury alone, con*
.travened the Clonstitutionof the United States, it
is not necessary now to decide. t
Under the provisions of the original act of the
4th May, 1844, the amount qf notes issued was
two millions two hundred and twenty thousand
two hundred and sixty.firei dollars, which was
specifically appropriated to the support of the gov
ernment:during the year, the payment of the
debts and other special purposes thereto mention•
ed within two years thereafter. The suit of one
hundred and thirty.five thousandiwo.bundred and'
fourteen dollars of 'said issue was funded by the
bank, and convertive ititopermuent currency at
5 per cent. • By axesolution of the 6th , of Fakir,
ary, 1843, and the act of the Bth of April, of the
same year, six hundred and eighty...two thousand
end - eightpaeven dollars, were= cancelled and des
txoyed. The act of May 41, 1844, is as follows:
"That the Estate Treasurer be, and be. if, heieby
authorised and directed, on the last days'of Jbne
and September, in the year she thousand eight
'handred and forty-four, to cancel and deliver.to
the. Auditor General, for destruction, sso,ooo;'and
on the last day of March, June, September end
December, in . every year, thereafter, $50,000
of the notes issued by the Banks of this Cum- :
,p in'pursuance of the-act' of the .
4th of May. 1847, that may then be in the treainty ,
—and if said notes shall be depreciated then,
NEE
C,.,., . 4 ~' ...
IBM
IEOE4
ME
of trio, thoifitifliecialid--aod
unlit the whold amount of the motes legally I
twed..by:tll tanks; as 'll6t':timid, shall havi, deep
cancelled and destroyed - and the amount depead- •
tee to the credit of, tbe Commonwealth, iupanga
or Savings Methadone, be receivedtby
0 8 tha.,#aifroadiMid - Catiftle, orby the Teeastriltif.,
the and comity of Philadelphia, 'shall be f t
d'eeMediss money in the Treasury, and subje6l - -to
the cancellation as aforesaid ;_ and ikehall be the
duty of the Auditor General to keep and publish
quarterly, - and•' ; heat least one newspaper at Hat ,
risbnigh, , a record of the notes so cancelled and
destroyed, designating the Bank or_Benks that is
sued the same, in. order_ that the 1 per canton] in
-terest thereon' may c ease;-provided, ; -Provided, that it shall
he the duty of the, State Treaenrer to retain the
several.amounts 'respecting,• Mit of the'receipts; of .
the, quarter, so as effectivelj , to secure the eancella.
lion-of the amounts herein before provided; an
the sum of $160,000 is hereby appropriated for the t
_payment of domestic creditors, certificates issued •
by the Aniiimir General, pi:M(lmi that there; is
'sufficient money in the TraasurY, after paying the '
aev,eral other appropriations in - this act." - • -
''ltwas doubtless the intention of the Legislature,'
'',that the sum 0f550,000 should be destroyed quer- '
terly. tinder • this= act the- sum of $lOO.OOO Alias t
cancelled in 1849 ; the further sum of $85.000 in'
1895—the further slim of $176,300 in 1896—5150,.
000 in 189'7; and`4lBo,ooo in 1848. •
Theiollowing tibular statement will exhibiti - ,
with more clearness, the wholti subject iii relation'
to the issue and cancellation of these notes.
--• • - •
Original amount of Relief Notes i5atted,62,220,265 :00
Amounttinded, 6135,214.00_. .
Cancelledin 1843, by virtue
of the resolntion'ofTeb. 6,
and Actor April Btb, 1843, 682,867 00.
Cancelled in 1844, under the ,
Act *Olio 31, 1844, 100,000 00
'Cancelled in 1845, under Act - - -
0f1844, - 85,000 00
Cancelled in 1846; under do 186,300 00
Cancelled in 1847, under do 150,000 00
Cancelledin 1848, tinder do 189,000 00
' - --L-------111,517,60i 00
Leaving apparently ,in, circulation, on - • ' ' '
the 31st of December, 1848, , $702,66410e
The first failure to comply with the act of As.
aembly requiring the collection of these notia,
was prior to, or on the 31st "of December. ,1844.
The amount directed to be cancelled in 18.14 and
1845, and which was not dmie, was $165,000',
the amount Of the failure to cancel in 1846, was
$23,700. The amount of failure .to cancer in
1847, •was sso,ooo,—the amount of failure to
cancel in 1848, was $11,000:--total, $248,760
$452,964. it is worthy of remark, that had the:
cancellation of these notes been made as required
by lew, half a million of the original issue would
now be in existence, "a large portion of which
has, doubtless, been mislaid and ' lost It will be
perceived, also, that, the act ' requires the destric
non of the most depreciated. In musingthis terra,
the Legislature most have iatended those mest
" defaced. The laws on the subject of ' these
notes, having pledged the faith of the State, for
their redemption, it is not readily seen hoar they -
could become depreciated in valae,—while, en
the other hand, many of them have become de•
faced, torn, and unfit for use. At the paasage of
the act of May 31, 1848, about $7,400,000. of.
their issue was in circulation, and as it required
the cancellationiand destruction of $200,000 per
annum it prolonged the riaried of air circulation
to seven years , when by, the on 1 act of May
31,1844, but two years remain the period of
their duration. To the act of May. 31, 1844, is at.,
tribatable;'therefore, the continuance of the cir
culation ot these notes after they had becorde torn,"-
defaced, and unfit for use. The original act, had
it not been counteracted by previous le,gislatiorl,
provided the necessary means for the redemption
of these notes through the banks, on or before, the
4th day of May, 1840; and thefithure to destroy
them, as required by the act of 31st May, 1844,
clearly . demonstrates :that the Treasury has not
been,attlre then, in a - condition to .repay the loan
or rdeem the notes. 'Mamie they have condo-.
ued in circulation-an& have, been paid into year
public offices, awl again paid out of the Treasury,
1 oath they rare wholly unfit as a currency, for the
citizens. The amotint now in circulation is pre.
samedta, be about $600.000. It is mspecthrlfy
suggested that the worst of these notes. as they
'are paid into the Tremor'', should he retained,
_nod In their 'stead an equal 'amount of now'mates
,of the same denomination. under an arrangement
wittrany of the banks of this Commonwealth, and
pit into circulation for a period" of time, an long
only; .as may be required by the quarterly de•
struction of $50,000, to absorb the whole amoont
of the issue. A measure of this chaiaoter would
relieve the currency of those unfit fur use, and
have the effect in a short time, of putting the
whole issue out of circulation. I would earnestly
press upon "'the. Legislature the, prasa,7e of such
laws as would prohibit in their mutilated and de.
faced conditiou, their payment from the Treasury.
Should it be deemed a more desirable course to
rid the currency of the entire issue -- bya loan, it,
might be it >fair condition of the renewal of the
charter of any bank at the present sassion, that
it make a loan, at a low rate of interest to the
Government, to be used in redeeming and cancel."
ling the whole or such part as might be deemed
advisable, Any arrangement on the subject you
may desire, to relieve the people of this currency,"
shall receive my cordial approbation.
The payment of the Interest on the public
debt, in a sound convertible currency, is of groat
moment to the credit of the State. This demand
on.the Treasury has, beretotore, to a large extent,
been met in depreciated paper, by which the
holders of State , bonds have antlered pecuniary
lots.
An evil of this nature demands a speedy and
effectual remedy. The relief notes originally in,
tended to be temporary In' their existence and
cal in their circulation, should not be forced from
their legitimate purpose, or paid from the Trees.
Dry in discharge of the interest of the public
debt. No great inconvenience would be felt in
withholding an amount so small , as the ',present
circulation from such application. To secure an
object so desirable, the revenues of the State
should be collected in such• funds only as admit
of ready convertibility into specie without loss to
the Treasury. Tho relief notes, as well as the
noire of all specie paying banks of this Common.
wealth should be received in payment of public
dues, while other paper money, under par, at the
place designated for tlfe payment of interest on
the public debt should be refuse:tut:leas upon no
tice to that effect, of the State Treasurer, or.
rangements of the banks issuing the same were
made ta redeem it at such point as he might de
aignate. ThaState Treasurer should be author.
ized to require of those specie paying hooka
,whose notes might be under par at the place of
paying the interest, to make arrangements to re.
deem their notes at par, at the point designated,
and on their failure to comply, to demand specie
fonds at their counters. It is believed that RD ar
rangement of the kind suggested, Would materi.
ally aid in rendering the notes of all the solvent
banks in the Commonwealth, of equal value in all
parts of the State; would increase their general
circulation among, the citizens, and tend to ex
elude the depreciated paper of foreign inatitn
tiODll. A measure valuable for these purposes,
which would give increased worth to our stocks.
and enable the. State more faithfully to comply
with her contracti, is worthy the serious consider.
ation of the Legislature.
Intimately connected with the oinbjec't of our
public debt, are the assessment and collection of
the taxes. The laws on this important branch' of
the revenue require to be remodeled and arraog•
ed in such a form as to insure equality, and uni..
fortuity, in the several counties of the State. .The
manner of adjusting, and equalising the valuation
of property for taxation, is a concern of deep in.
terest to the people, and should, as far as possible,
be left in the bands of their immediate representa.
fives: Assessors, it is suggested, should be re.
quired, in the exercise of their duties. to make
return in a fall and accurate 'statement of the
various nroduots of farms and manufactories; of
the kind, nature and amount- of the supposed en.
nual value;of the productive industry of each Dis
trict, of the amount and nature of their local and,
general trade ancibusiness, with the manner and
cost of reaching the nearest'market andthe value
of the article in market, at the riearest point to
the District. Should an annual statement of this
nature be deemed too expensive for practical util;
ity,n triennial return might answer the purposes
intended. Returns of .11 nature generat , of 'the
resources and* active Indust!) , of ' the State,
.while it would afford valuable inforMation to the
public oflicer, would place before him, such facts
us would enable him to detect gross errors in the
uniformity of the assessments, and, would leave in
duty. of:Valuing and toning their property, instead
of casting a the hands of the officer elected by 00
peOple, the labor so. important: into the care of
irresponsible boards,
, .
The importance of Legislative action on this
subject, is enhanced by thethat rut examine.
don ofthe*Ordinary revenue:land exPenditurea fur
the .last •fewyears, furnishes evidence' that the
necessities of the Treasury, require increased re.
soars ketatetirient from the Auditti4, Doper
mint is as follows:
fiall3
~.
;,, , .
HEM
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ME
4
NEON
MEI
121EMEI
MEE
~~ -
RIM
MN
• T . •
,
"Ordinary Revenue. and Expenditures of the
Commonweglih of Pennaylrani ai for the pe
riodsherein-stateii': - • 1 •
Revenue for the year 1645, ; 62,991,631 18
,
Expenditures dcr ,
3',176,298 28,
Excess of expendituretlBl,667 10
Revenue for the year 1846; -, ;
3;487,882 49
Expenditures do do 3,461,144 71
Excess of Revenue. - 26.737 78
Revenue for the year 1847, 3,744,509 40
Expenditures :do - '3,427;341'42
Excess of Revenue, 317,167 98
Revenue for the year 184 S, .3,571,997 32
Expenditures do do 3,746,886 68
Excess of Expenditures, - - 74.889 36
- Excess of Revenue in four years, 497,349 30."
"Expenses of the Outdid works, considered as
ordinary, notwithstanding : mach of.the amount, is
really eitlrtierdinary ; betas an Ofset to this; the
tax on real and :personal estate, ..received, during
each year, is more than the assessment of - a yeir.
the excess bolo. , .from outstanding taxes of pees
.vions years." •
The balance in the Treasury, on Dec. l - .18 6,
was. - $663,851 8
The balance in. the -Treasury, -Dec. 1,- • •
1898, was, • •577,290 ` 39
DefiCit in loidandee in Treasury in four .
years, -
.8061 19
'Had the law of May; 31, 1899. been complied
with; by the cancellatmal of the Relief lames, the
additicinercharge would have been Made on the
Treuury of, . , 199,700 60.
Which added to the above deficit,
makes, • • 336,261 49
Deduct excess o f apparent revenue 87,349 $9.
Heal deficit, under existing laws, 29M1 . 3
—in roar years, eiclusive of extraordinary exprin.
_ The operation of laws on the part of the National
gevernment; formed -with: a view ti; the assessment
of duties and collecticuSof revenue, is 'a subject se
riously affecting the 'finances of the Commonwealth.
No State in the Union depends M a greater degree Or
the advantages of wholesome enterprise and the safe
- employment of,capital, on the stability and agency.
of laws affording.reasonable .protention to domestic
industry. :Oar mountains filled with rich deposited tifi
iron mid coal, invite the manufacturer to employ his
skill and capital in these commodities, and whezthey
are in demand, the whole productive;business of the
state, prospers. 1..10 interest feels „the. pressure, of
,foreign competition more keenly,none requires more
certainly the restating care of government,' none
spreads to a larger extent the active industry of ell
claises Of eitizeos, than
the peculiar " manufacturing.
I establishinents of our MVO State.
The system mitablished by
-the Act of Congress,
of 1846, is framed for the.purpese of revenue, and dirt.'
min:dudes against, rather than - for protection.. The
effect of such laws would necessarily be, if contieu
ed, to strike down the. manuracturer, Mid to depress .
every interest which, directly or indirectly, or mai,.
dentallYleans on hint for rampart.
Of the interests favorably affected by the estaln.
lishnient of manufaaories; none deserves more :ea.
pecial notice than AIM laboring and producingclasses.
These compose Abe great mass ofour population, and
in, aWrespectediffer, , radically, 'from the same clan.
sea Mettler countries. • Here they are apart of. the
Government itself, arid,as such are frequently regal.
red,. in the exercise of 'the elective franchise, to de
cide questions the moat momentous, • infeetiog even
the stability and, duration of our free institutions. , -..
In the tormation of:the Governments' under which
they live, they, were" acomponent of the sovereignty.
which had wrested from a. foreign power, the hide.
pendence of the country. and took, with others, an
emitilpart in the difilmilt questions involved. To en.
able them to diecharge. in a proper:ninth:ter, the do.
ties they owe to the countly, to others and them.
selves, n portion of their time should be given to the
examination and consideration ef 'public questions.
By the rewarder theitlabor, they should be enabled
to elevate their condition in society, to command for
themselves and families. not merely . the necessaries,
but the comforts and even the luxuries of life, to-give
to their children the benefits of a reasonable educa
tion, and to insure a competence whem - age had dis.
qualified them, for active employmente. "The`-price.
of labor is regulated by _its demand, and the - value of
the article it produces. When the demand for labor
is small, and the produce of that labor low in pride,
the reward of indestry is comparatively reduced;
when the demand tor labor is increased, it rises in
value, and receives an adequate reward: Henna,
whatever increases profitable labor is substantially
beneficial to the working classes, and affords them
the means of comfort, the delights of rational enjoy.
meat, and the opportnniti of exalting their audition
and 'performing with safety to the country the duties
of citizens.
The manuracturer, if he be sustained in his enter
prise, produces this result and by opening to the la.
borer anew sonree of employment. It is frequently.
urged that the system of protection to domestic in.
dustry is of more interest to the manufacturer than
Mee laborer, as it enables him to dispose of his tab.
ries for a higher price, and to realize a better profit
on his capital. But is not the, capital of the laborer
also involved in the fabric, and does he not receive a
reward in prUportion to the value of the article?
Let it be remembered, also, that his daily bread—
the wants of his family, the education of his children
--all depend upon the success of the establishment
at whieh he is employed, and the objection cam have
but little Weight. It is also urged that a reduction
of nominal-values to a specie standard, would pre
date° a result,requiringforilomestie laborite protect:cm
on the parser the Government. A. doctrine of this na
ture is radically wrong, and at variance with the prin
ciplee on-which our tree Government ; is founded--
Bring dawn:the standard of prices for labor to I; ape
cie scan ;lard ; allow no greater reward for industry
in this'country thin in .England, and the working
classes are necessarily forced into the condition of
foreign operatives compelled to labor constantly and
diligently to earn for themselves a Miserable saber.
:once. All the luxuries, many of the comforts, and
evert the necessaries of life, must be denied to them,
while the education of their offspring most be wholly
neglected. These observations apply to the laborers
engaged in the business of mining , and transporting
oar coal to market, as well as to the operatives more'
directly employed at manufactories. After the de•
mend for household use is supplied, this article must
seek a market in those dietricts of country where
manufacturing industry abounds, and the demand for
it increases or diminishes in proportion to the active
operations"'of these establishments. Hence. every
fire that is extinguished, and every wheel that is
stopped, lessens the demand far 'coal, decreases its
value inure market. and reduces the prices of labor
by lessening its value to the owner of the article.
When to this is added the fact of competition from
abroad underselling in the home market, the deities.
tic article, theoccupation of the laborer is destroyed,
and the min is complete. The Revenue system in.
-
vitas such a result, while the system of discrimina.
lion for protection forbids it. . -
Other classes of society are also injuriously or ben.
eficially affected.as the laws on this subject favor
the one or the other policy. The Agriculturalist. in
clined to measure the general welfare by the prices
"of his produce, and to. remain contented while these
are satisfactory., is required only the exercise of hie
practicallinowledge, to be informed that he' veers
else by a policKwhich. strikes down the manufacturer.
The home market is his only sure reliance. The
condition of things abroad may afford increased pri.
ces for the produce of his farm; the miseries Oren..
happy Ireland, and the unsettled state of public af.
farce in other putter the world may create a tempo
rary demand for grain, and thereby aegment the val.
no of his productions ; but it would be unsafe to des
pond on contingencies of this nature, over which MS
'Government can halte no control. The entire pros
decent his lands; whetherdiatant or near the foreign
market, must depend for an uniform and fair price, on
the home demand. - Any;other chance is dependant
en 'the policy of foreigifGavernments, the convulsions
of unsettled power, and the unfruitful harvests of oth
er.prodimets. '
It is not,, however, in enhanced prices alone that
he finds his reward. In the home market he is bus
own factor, avoids the risk of agencies, the dangers'
of trans rtation,-and can select his'own time for the
disposal of his produce. The manufacturer carries
to the market, in the fabrics he proposes to sell, the
produce of the farmer, who is thereby relieved ofthe
hazard and expense of canveyance.
In another form he is still more largely benefitted
One of the , elements of well--regulated society, is
unity of interest. Whatever may be said to the
contrary, no natural antipathies - exist between
capital and labor. They are dependent on, are sup.
parted by, and receive vitality front each other. The
manufacturer who invests under the fostering care of
government, bilcapital in proßtable industry, opens
a new source of wealth to the farmer, the artisan
and the laborer. - • ,
An indestrions population whose reward affords
comfort and competency, gathers around bim; other
classes are attracted and the store house, and the
workshop, and the school and the church are erected;
villages spring up. the din of active industry, the
sound of enjoyment mingle together; roads are open
ed,- bridges are built lands rise in value; and the
farmer finds a-market at his door not only for his or.
'dinary Surplus produce, but also for numberleas arti
cles which were. deemed unworthy of transportation.
From that overflowing :. fountain, by an hundred rive.
lets, wealth is poured into his treasury. -
These'are a few of the:many, advantages of the
agriculturalist and lab3rer, arising from a fair and
, reasonable protection of the;domestic industry of the
;meaty. The existing revenue laws of the National
government by opening ourpions to foreign mane.
factnrers, invite the-labor of the wretched starving
Operatives of Europe to a competition with this
beathful end. prosperous condition of things.-The
consequences are ruinous to the interests of the la
boring and producing classes, and dry the streams
of prosperity ineyery branch or indpatry.
. It should not bee-forgotten that the reliable weelth
of a state consists in the profitable induetry and
capital of the citizens. Whatever tends, therefore,
to prostrate individual prospierity, to diminish the
value orproduee t to iajote productive labor, or to drive
`froth. Wholesome investment the , money capital 'of
. the, ctiuntry, strikes with alarming force the best hi.
teresti of the State . .
The• revenues of the Commonwealth tire derived
.principally front real and personal estate; and from
our railroads and canals. - In relation to the firmer,
UN
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EPP
=NM
, 4; 1
s r '
,
-Y.?"
- .:::,
'
it tray be said, that uveg dollar shipped for the
purchase of foreign fithrics dimim'shes their value,'
depresses the home market, reduces the profits of ,
the produceroand hence lessens the amount of rave
nue paid in the treasdry. Capital Invested in.the " ;
various branches of manufactures sinks in value in
proportion to the depression of the business in which
it Is employed, and when foreign competition is em.
ployed and when foreign fempetition is successful by
reason of low duties in driving from the home market
the. fabric of the capitalist, his investmept
paratively valueless, and the revenues thprefront are
greatly reduced. The profits ?from Darin - myna tm.
provements aro s till moreosdriously. effected. The
raw material in its transit to the manufactory, and
the fabric= its way-to 'a' market are principallycon.
vgyed along ittMean,als and rodiroids,.thereby yield.
log handsetne revenue to the -Cororaonvvealthe--•
When, thank-re, the manufacturer,' unprotected by
the government Is compelled to discontinue his bum. '
nest, not only the laborer, - the artisan, and the seri-
caituralist, bat the state, also; seriously, injured in
the 'general 'depression of tallness; the diminished
Wealth of the country:and the reduced valve ofcapi.
.The -policy of giving fair • and' reasonable pro.
Mellon to the domestic.indastry the-country - has
heretofore received a support so cordial from wise
'and patriotic. statesmen, who hamicandictedilie of -
fairs of the national government, as well as those r
who have preceded me - in the administration of this I
Comatonwealtb, that. I cannot refrain from the inset
tion of a few 'extracts from their severalmessages. I
In his eighth ' message, Washington' deemed it -
, proper to bring the 'subject to the attention o f
Congress. 4
"Congress- have ,repeatedly, and not -without r
•" admen, directed their ciUmition to the encourage.
_ insist of manafiictures. TIM object is Of tee rauch
consequence not to inkiren.continuance of: their l=
efforts in any way which -shall •appear eligibles
• 'The eighth annual message of President Jeffer.
riciti, - contains the following in ref,eretice to ,the
, , • .
subject; . , • , .
"The suspension of our foreign commerce, pro.
duced by the injnstice of the belligerent-powers,
and the consequent losses "and sacrifices Of our r.. 't
citizens are subject/to just cor.cerns.: The sits 4
nation into which - we hive thus heed for.
'cad` has impelled- is to apply a portion of
our ".industry and capital to internal manttfacttires
and improvements. The extent of this conver.
sin is daily increasing, and little doubt, remains
that the establishments formed and forming, will
—tinder , the trospicei of cheaper materials and
subsistence, the freedoin of labor from taxation i;
' with us; and of protecting, duties add proltibitiens, '
become permanent. • • -
gresident'Madison calls the attention of Con
gross, to the tabject in this manner , - IP;
'Although other. subject. will -press more_im -.,-
mediately upon your - deliberations, the, portion, of
them cannot - brit be well-bestowed on tile:just , 11 ,
and sound policy of securing to.our manufactures -
the success they have attained and are still attain.
,r 4.
ing in. some degree under, the impulse or•ceases
not permanent.' And again, in his spark& uses.
sage, of February no, 1815. he Says: •-' f
fit there is no subject that Cans enter With
greater force> and merit into the deliberatinnii of 1'
Congress, than .0 consideration of the 'means: to
preserve-and promote_the nutatifactures : 'Which
.
have sprang into exigence, and attabrodao unpar.
-allelled maturity throtighdot thilluited States, du. , 1
ing the period of the European wars, This
miters of National independence and wealth,
anxiously' recommend, therefore,- to the piompt
and constant guardianship of Caugreiii."
'ln hir seventh annual message, he againieenre
to thesubject, as folloWs: • ,
"In adjusting the duties on, innports to the, ob.
ject of I evenue, the ,influence of the' Tariff on
manufactures will necessarily present itself for .;
consideration. Ilowover w,ise the theory.may be,
which leaves to the sagacity and interests of idds.
viduals, the application of their industry sad re- k
sources, there are in this as "in other cases,.excetw
tient to - the general role. Besides the condition
which the theory itself implies,, of, a: reciprecal
adoption by other •nations, experience- testihes
that so
„tinny circumstances must oicuritp intro- 'tt.
denieg end maturing manufacturing - : establish.
especially of :the more complicated kinds,
-- theta country may, remain' long ,;without iblirat
althoughsufficiently- advanced,,,and some, -re- '
epects even peculiarly . fitted for carryingtheta on - 14
with success, under cucutestanc - es -pow.
- prfol impolse.-to manufacturing industry: It bas ,
made amon ,-, us a pro.ress and exhibite&ctuieti,fi
cieacy which justify the -belief, that witlt-4ro.
tection hot more thee is dire to the Mit4prigng SS
citizens whose interests are now at stake, Ai wit f,
become, at an early day, not only-ssfe iron ores-.
signal competition from abroad, but a•-sciurce of
domestic wealth; and even of external cernraerce."
Again: "It will be an additional recommenda,-
tioo of particular manufactures when the niatori
Ma for them are extensively drawn. frOn Our lag
,riculture, and consemiently, tit, part insure, to that
great food Of National prosperity and iritlepviA''
dance. - eneenrugement whithzecutot -fail- to: be
rewarded."
Presidio. Madison, in his first introgrual address. '
says: "Cu? timmufactures will likewise - require
the systeroatic and - fostering-care of the,Govern , : 1 .
moot, possessing we do, all the raw naittorials,
of the fruits of our own soil anti iitclustry—we
ought not to depend in the degree we hove lane .l.
ou suPplies from other countries. While wears
this dependent, the sudden event .of - war, lU D .
,„
sought and unexpected, 'cannot' fail to plunge us 4
into most serious diftleuities. It is too important 11,
that the capital which nourishes our manufactnrer
should be domestic, as its; influence in that.coso
instead of:exhausting, as it may - do, in Ibittign
hands, would be felt advantageously on ogrictil•
tore and every
,other br•auch of industry. Erpially
important is it to provide, atborne r n market for
our raw materials, as by extending the, comPeti•
Ron it will enhance the price and 'protect - the
cultivator against the, casualities incident to for.
eign markets." • • .
His Excellencv - Simon Snyder, Governer.ofthis
Commonwealth, in his message. Of Dec:B,lBls, ti
"`-
ISM
"The subject of manufactures, on-fall expert
enco during the restrictive system and -the War, is
now so well understoed, as ritspeCts the; practices
bility of advantageously-currying thorn...on, as to
the kind of goods Which may. be Made, and the
quality and durability of the articles which have
had a fair experiment amongst. us,.. 'dim it, is Fl
deemed Unnecessary to urge argemontsin their
support.: The General thwernmenti-ftilly ' aware c„
of the importance'of the subject,. will, it is•catift.
,dently hoped, folloW . the dictates of-political 4 ;
wisdom and protect otir - Manufactures against 1.; •
injurioui foreign; dempetitiort_or corabinations;
contrary conrso wouldliratracttlie -long lindens. ,
lonely sought independence of -our country, and
again inquire dependende alraost colonial."
His Excellency:Wm. firidiey," refering briefly
to the subject, says ; "ji
'As agriculture and manufactures are the great.
sources of .wealth;and the 'only solid' tptiedatioa
,of our comforts And independence, .they'reci par
ticularlY entitled to the fostering care of govern-
In the:first mess ageof Governor Wolf;linspeaks
. ,
as follows:
"The protecting policy, hitherto sustained by '3
the General Government, cannot, ender existing
circumstances, be abandoned or relinguirthedWith
the approbation-or consent of the people efPenn.
,eylvania." 'Their interepts; their prospi3ritY;Arid.l
may add.- their cemforta, are at, this time,. omen. '4
tinily identified with that policy. The diversified-
branches of enduairy, in which our Citizens are
engaged, the character. of the pracluCtiona
to, ,oursoil, the atom r: the • foreign :markets, to
,
which we,hacl heretofore been. accustomed to-re, !-
sort for the sale and exchange of, Our staple corn. pl.'
Moditles, and.the interdicting duties bywhich the
produce of our itgriculturatists is exoluded froin
these 'markets, leavens no alternative :as te'tho 43 ,;
course to be pursued.;,We must either suffer over
surplus produce to perish upon our hands, or we
must establish a market for its consumption ht
home:: We must either submit to the humiliating
condition of becoming tributary to fereigb,inilux.
try, 'Or by affording encouragement to our owls,
''render ourselves independent ;of foreign imposi
tion add exaction- Under the - enconrogerrient and
protection now afforded,. our, Manufacturing .ee.,
tablistonente are assuming a vigorous and health
ful appearance, and give reasonable promise of
promoting the general prosperity of the country, 4 ,
and of accomplishing the groat ends ;and:design 4.
contemplated by tbe.ftlends and advocates of the,
protective system, Happily Tor us in Pent:giver:lA
we have no constitutional diffi itieir to firri.barrarck
Hain reference to this system, gur.sitAtesmenVirock
' have heretofore represented ge. tit the liationcf
Legislature, as well, as in .-that of the state, his t) t''';
uniformity -expressed their opinions tiffurriativel?
and in terma by no moans equivocal:that thii
doe,poraesses the right, under the Coneititu!,:i on , to ,'.
-protect industry;
..by - salutary'onnetinents, of F'
its own, against the ii•jorioui corsequenees of
foreign legislation farid that the dos of Cori,,, , ireee
imposing fie ties on imports hie corisiitational; and f,
their constituents have us ttnequivocally respond.
ed to those opinions."!, -
Governor Porter also refers to the subject in the.
following manner: - '
I t i s 44i N-thythe great State of Penrisylva..7.
nia, to depend an themannfactures of other States;.'
or:of foreign, countries, to supply liar.citizens with.
those articles for various purposes of-lips which. -.4
they - ban produce theruselves,ns wall, na cheaply
=I
- .`• • •
" '
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