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VOL. XXVII.
MIFFLINTOWN, JUNIATA COUNTY, PENNA., SEPTEMBER 3, 1873.
NO. 36.
OiWourtb column... . 1; mi 17 Mi 5 oo
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(
Poetry.
Heart's Content.
There is an isle far over troublous seas,
Abovs whose valleys hlaest skies are beat.
Where sweetest lowers perfame the pleasaut leas
Mea call it Heart's Content.
II.
Asa every prow that rides the sea of life
Toward that dear, distant isle is turned for aye.
Tbroagh treacherous calms and stormy shsals of
strife
olding its doubtful way.
in.
Oft la the midmost ocean bark Beets bark,
Aad, as they pass, from each the challenge sent
Cvmes back the same across the waters dark :
"We steer for Heart's Content '."
Fur uaoy an Isle there is so like, so like.
The mystic goal of all that travail sure.
That oft the wave-wora keels en strangs sands
strike.
And and an alien shore.
v.
Bat ever as the anchor drops, and sails
From off the storm-strained yards are all assent.
From the tall mast-head still the watcher halls:
"to! yondtr! HVart's Content V
VI.
And so, onre more the prow is seaward set.
Heart still hops on, though waves roll dark
around ;
And on the stern men write the name "Regret,"
And fare forth, outward bonnd.
Api'lrttmM Journml.
Iiweellariy.
Christianity in Japan.
Fossing one of the larger temples, we
met a company of pilgrims. Actual
sight and reasoning from experience in
other lands agree in telling us that they
are women, and most of them old
women. They return our salute, politely
striving to conceal their wonder at the
first tojin they have ever looked upon.
We would wager that these people,
like most of the rustics in Japan, have
always believed the foreigners from
Europe and America to be certainly
ruffians, and most probably beasts.
Many of them, without having heard of
Darwin or Monboddo, believe all the
'hairy foreigners" to be descendants of
dogs. Their first meeting with a for
eigner sweeps away the cobwebs of pre
judice, and they are' ashamed of their
former ignorance. In extorting from
Japanese friends their first ideas about
foreigners.I havebeen forcibly reminded
of some popular ideas concerning the
people of China and Japan which are
still entertained at home, especially by
the queens of the kitchen and the lords
of the hod.
After the fashion in Japan, we inquire
of the pilgrims whence the came and
whither they are going. Leaning npon
their staves and unslingiug their huge
round, conical hats, they give ns to know
that they have come on foot from Muja,
nearly one hundred and fifty miles dis
tant, and that they will finish their pil
grimage at Kominato where the great
founder of the Xichiren sect (one of the
last developments of Booddhism in
Japan) was born twenty-seven miles
beyond the point at which we met. We
inform them that we have come over
seven thousand miles, and will also visit
Xichiren's birthplace. "Sago dr. goza
rimox ! Xaru hodo f" ("Indeed, is it
possible?")
We have reached their hearts through
the gates of surprise. A foreigner visit
ing Xichiren's birthplace ! And coming
sevstn thousand miles too ! The old
ladies become loquacious. They pour
out their questions by dozens. Do we
have Booddh'st temples in America?
Of course the Xichiren sect flourishes
there ? When we politely answer Xo to
both questions, a look of disappointed
surprise and pity steals over both the
ruddy and the wrinkled faces. "Then
he is a heathen !" says the expression
on their faces. How strange that no
Booddhist temples exist in the for
eigner's country ! Ah, perhaps, then,
the Shintoo religion is the religion of
the foreigner's country? "Xo? Kant
hodo.' Then what do you believe in ?"
It did not take long to answer tnat
question. There is no country in the
world in which Christianity has been
more publicly and universally adver
tised. For three centuries, in every
city,- village, and hamlet, and on every
highway, the names of Christianity and
its Founder have been proclaimed on
the edict-boards and in the public law
books of the empire as belonging to a
corrupt and hateful doctrime ; which
should a man believe, he would be
punished on earth by fines, imprison
ment, perhaps death, and injigoku (hell)
by torments eternal "Whosoever be
lieveth in Christ shall be damned
whosoever believeth not shall be saved,"
was the formula taught by the priests
for centuries. I pointed to the board
on which hung the edicts prohibiting
Christianity, and told them I believed
in that doctrine, and that Christ was the
one adored and loved by us. A volley
of nam hodox, spoken with bated
breath, greeted this announcement, and
I could only understand the whispered,
"Why, that is the sect whose followers
will go to hell !" The old ladies could
not walk fast, and we soon parted, after
many a strange question concerning
morals, customs, and the details ot
civilization in the land of the foreigner.
Be it said, in passing, that the present
liberal and enlightened government of
Japan, in spite of priestly intolerance
and the bigotry of ignorance, resisting
even to blood, has decided upon the
recission of the slanderous falsehoods
against the faith of Christendom ; and
Japan, though an Asiatic nation, will
soon grant toleration to all creeds.
Lipjtini'ott's Magazine.
The Hare Mountain.
Whoever has formed his idea of the
Barz Monntains from Goethe's "Wal
purgis Xight," will be most agreeably
tiisappointed as he wanders through the
dark woods and fragrant meadows. They
have not the idyllic, pastoral air of
Thuringia, but as the hills are rougher
and more broken, the valleys are cor
respondingly richer and more beautif uL
There are three distinct forests in the
Harz the under woods, formed entirely
of shrubs, that are cut every five years
and used for faggots ; the middle woods
or composition forests, which are grown
for firewood, and composed of beech,
birch, spruce, pine, and fir ; the high
forests, that are reserved especially for
building purposes, and composed of
only one kind of tree, either oak, maple,
fir, or spruce. Here, also, yon will find
some magnificent lindens of great size
and beauty. The most of the woods
being planted by hand, and the high
forests cut every thirty years, they have
an unpleasant regularity and a defor
mity of size that scarcely deserves the
name of forests.
The little things which, proverbially
go to make up life are just now mosquito
bites.
KOttETIIIXG OF A JIASQIJE-Kt.DE.
A gentleman engaged in dressing for
a party is by no means so interesting as
a lady employed in the same manner ;
and, besides, the gentleman in question
was decidedly out of humor at being
obliged to go.
He was so tired of parties ; it seemed
to him that one was exactly like another
the flowers, dresses and decorations,
all after the same pattern ; and as for
the young ladies, why, they might all
have been turned out of the same mould.
He really believed that he would take
a trip to the plains with the next de
tachment of troops that went out ; there
would at least be variety and excitement
among the Indians.
And having succeeded in tying the
third cravat he had tried, just to his
mind, Mr. Philip Remington gathered
np his gloves, and, with more of a frown
than a smile upon his dark, but hand
some face, bent his steps toward the
festive scene.
He knew exactly whom he should
meet there, the same silly, simpering
girls, and their elderly commonplace
mammas. He didn't 'know a single
woman past the first bloom of youth
who possessed the least attraction ; not
one could he name in the flower of a ripe
and beautiful summer. hat had be
come he thought, of the type of woman
that graced the period of the Revolu
tion ? The gentle, yet commanding
dignity, the lovely, matronly grace, that
was the admiration of foreign courts as
of the home circle ?
He hed an intense love and venera
tion for old ladies, too, when they were
disposed to follow the homely advice to
"act as sich, and behave accordin';"
but it seemed to him that the old ladies
of his acquaintance behaved more like
young ones, and attired themselves
more yonthfully as youth departed from
them. He really believed that, if he
should ever encounter his beau ideal of
an old or middle-aged lady, he should
be tempted to offer his heart and hand
on the spot, which, if she was at all
consistent, she would, of course, de
cline. The young gentleman had been some
what spoiled by society, which was quite
disposed to welcome his appearance
with a grand chorus of "Hail ! the con
quering hero comes !" for society saw
that he possessed the tangible advan
tages of wealth, good looks and talent ;
and, as unappropriated men of this sort
are not found in every household, so
ciety showed its most agreeable side to
Philip Remington. He did not feel par
ticularly grateful, however, and hated
the very sight of three-cornered notes
with monograms requesting the pleasure
of his company.
He could scarcely bring himself to go
to this grand house-warming of Mrs.
Jr arland s, the wife of a great wine mer
chant, who had just completed a mod
ern Aladdin's palace, and thns called
together his dear five hundred friends
to come and rejoice with him, that he
had what a few of them could ever hope
to have a grand white marble struc
ture, with fountains and statues scat
tered through the grounds ; a magnifi
cent entrance, and windows that looked
like vast, unbroken &heets of crystal.
Mr. Remington's acquaintance with
Mrs. Farland was very slight, and his
disinclination to go to her party very
strong ; but some fate seemed urging
him on against his will, and he went.
He was accustomed to nandsome
rooms, furnished according to the most
expensive rules of the upholsterer's art;
but he was not prepared for the exqui
site taste that had evidently employed
unbounded wealth to the best advan
tage. Everything was softly-toned ;
and the well selected gems of statuary.
and admirable collection of pictures,
were disposed, with a sort of careless
grace, in just the places that seemed
meant for them.
v st a
Having made his salutation to the
lady of the house, Philip Remington
wandered with no particular aim,
through the magnificent rooms, until a
statue of "Eve Repentant," that stood
in the shadow of a rich blue curtain,
arrested his steps, and held him en
tranced. The beautiful face, half hid
den by the small hand, and the mourn
ful grace of the drooping figure, were
more like life than marble ; and feeling
this to be far better worth his attention
than the gay, soulless butterflies around
him, the young cynic gazed and dreamed,
until, turning his eyes, he beheld, at a
little distance, Martha Washington, in
veritable flesh and blood.
Yes, there stood the Mother of her
Country fnir, noble, stately, dark-eyed,
with the hair dressed over a enshion, so
familiar to us in picture ; on her cheeks
a sort of rose-bloom, and iu her whole
expression a serene, smiling grace. Her
dress of rich brocade seemed to match
her hair in hue, and the short sleeves
coming below the elbow, with a fall of
old lace, and the sqnare neek trimmed
in the same manner, were all in perfect
keeping.
She, too, stood in the shadow of the
blue curtain; and Philip Remington
unconsciously stared as though she had
been another work of art, gotten up for
his express admiration.
Mrs. Farland presently approached,
and presented Mr. Remington to her
friend, Mrs. Lorraine.
"I think I may depend on you," she
added, "to entertain Mrs. Lorraine,
who is on a visit to me from a distant
city ; for I believe, Mr. Remington,
that yon do not, like most other gentle
men, devote yourself exclusively to
young ladies."
Philip bowed and colored, and found
himself the next moment tete-a-tete
with Martha Washington.
"A gay party," observed that histori
cal personage, "seems scarcely the place
for me ; but my friend, Mrs. Farland,
would take no excuse, and I concluded
to be a quiet looker-on. I hoped that
the young people would not grudge me
my corner."
"Ton have made it a post of honor,"
replied her new acquaintance, enthusi
astically ; "but, really, you should come
where you could be better seen, for vou
supply the very element that is wanting
in this assembly."
"I know," said the Mother of her
Country, with beautiful frankness, "I
contribute, I suppose, the ingredient of
respectable middle age, and thereby
serve as foil to the youth and bright
ness around me."
"How very provoking of her!" thought
Philip, still lost in admiration. Must
he reply, then, with a bare-faced com
pliment ? Or would it be better not to
reply at all ?
He scarcely knew what to say to this
dignified lady, who must be considera
bly his senior, and yet the soft bloom
on her cheek, and the light in her eye,
contradicted the gray hair, and the air
of superior age, while he noticed that
the plump arms were white and shapely,
and the neck snch as many a young girl
would have been glad to display. There
certainly was something puzzling about
her ; but the lady soon broke the some
what awkward silence, by saying, in a
matter-of-course way : 'Do not feel
bound to devote yourself to me, Mr,
Remington, for I am quite independent
of such support ; and I know how much
more natural it is for yon to be among
the young ladies of your acquaintance,
than to waste yourself npon an old
woman like me.
Mr. Remington felt like replying that
he had been in quest of "and old woman
like her, for some time past ; Dut, in
stead of this, he merely said.
"I shall be happy to waste myself in
this wav. as lonir as vou will permit it."
A beautiful flusn tinged the fair
cheek of the republican queen, as she
glanced at the expressive eyes of her
companion ; and, feeling that this con
versation had lasted long enough, she
said, quietly : "If yon will give me
your arm, I should like to go into the
other room. There are some pictures
there which will repay your attention ;
I see that vou are a lover of such
things."
"How did she know that ?" thought
Philip.
"Not there," added the vision in the
gray brocade. "I am too old, you know,
for dancing."
Except the gray hair and antique
dress, she looked, as she smiled, an in
carnation of perpetual youth ; and her
companion gazed at the pictures she
pointed out to him, with the conviction
that the picture beside him was worth
all the efforts of the old and young mas
ters combined.
Meanwhile people were watching the
couple with different degrees of inter
est, and while many glances of admira
tion were directed toward the modern
Lady Washington, a few rosy lips were
curled with pique that Prince Philip
should slight their charms to devote
himself to an old lady.
But Mrs. Lorraine wonld not allow
this so exclusively as the gentleman de
sired ; two or three times did she ban
ish him on various pretexts, and at an
unreasonable early hour, and very much
to his disgust, she left the gay scene for
the quiet of her own apartment
Some hours later she was joined by
Mrs. Farland, who said, laughingly :
"Do you know, Gertrude, 1 think you
are a decided success. And I feel quite
indebted to you for the freak that sur
prised me so at first A figure like yon
at one's receptions is a card of the first
value, for there is sure to be nothing
similar. Yon certaiuly might have
stepped out of Martha Washington's
picture frame ; bnt who except yourself
would have thought of acting as though
you had."
Mrs. Lorraino lookeil up ratuer
wearily from her comfortable position
on the lounge. She had dolled her rich
dress for a white wrapper, and brown
locks, instead of gray ones, floated over
her shoulders ; for the gray, like the
dolls' dresses, "took off and on." She
was a pretty woman, undoubtedly ; but
singular, too somewhat of a species by
herself and so thought the friend who
sat stndying her.
I believe I am half tired of masque
rading," said she, absently.
"Since wlien ? asked Mrs. t arland,
with a smile. "But you do it so well,
that I should think the venerable 'role'
would become a second nature. And
how can yon be such a startling likeness
of Martha Washington, without a drop
of her blood in your veins, is a problem
I cannot fathom. Seriously, though,
did yon not miss the attentions to which
you are so accustomed from all mar
riageable men from eighteen to eighty?"
"Of coarse I missed them," was the
reply; "and, although it seemed a little
odd at first, yet I can assure you that it
was really a relief. I think that, to
most of my admirers, I am only the im
personage of so many thousands."
"As though yon had no other attrac
tions whatever," observed her friend.
"But yon certainly were not displeased
with Philip's attentions ?"
"He entertained me," said Mrs. Lor
raine, dreamily. "I think there is some
thing in him.
"Prince Philip would be flattered,"
was the amused reply. "He is so high
and mighty a personage a very kind of
society, in fact of that I had serious
doubts as to whether he would conde
scend to accept my invitation. I am
afraid he would not have done so, had
he known me for the 'parvenu' I am."
" 'Parvenu !' " repeated her friend, in
amazement "What can yon be think
ing of, Clara ? You look like anything
but a parvenu !' "
"I believe I do," replied the fair,
stately woman, laughing merrily ; "but
for all that, I used to pick blackberries
for a living ; and my home was the least
little mite of a red house you ever saw
among the hills of New Hampshire.
And I don't care who knows it, for so
ciety wouldn't dare to be rude to me
now."
Her companion was too much aston
ished to reply ; and Mrs. Farlaud con
tinued ;
"I believe I never told you this when
we were at school together, and it was
blackberry-picking and my own resolu
tion that took mc to school ; but it was
not pride that kept me from it. I always
meant to marry a rich man ; though
when I first met Ralph Farland, he was
not the millionaire he is now. I really
think that if the lives of at least half
the women in society were written, they
would eclipse the wildest sensation
novels."
"I could give a pretty shrewd guess,"
said Mrs. Farland, mischievously.
"It must be that the sunset of life
gives you the mystical lore," was the
laughing reply, as the speaker glanced
at her friend's fair youthful faoe. "But
seriously, Clara, I hope you don't think
me deceitful, do you? I was afraid from
your reply, that yon didn't half like it,
when I wrote to yon my intention to
come as a middle-aged lady attired for
high days and holidays, a la Martha
Washington, but that I wished to try it
as it might be. I am fairly sick of the
monotonous round I have led for the
last two years, since my conventional
period of mourning expired. My mar
riage, yon know, brought me 8500,000
only this and nothing more ; and I really
enjoy the excitement of a new phase of
existence. I was always said to look
like the Mother of her Country ; and I
created quite sensation at a fancy ball
in the very dress I wore to-night This
put the idea into my head ; and, as it
continued to haunt me, I resolved, in
paying yon that long-promised visit, to
carry my design into execution. I am
half frightened, though, now, I believe,
and feel almost like running away."
"Ton cannot do that just yet," said
her friend, with a good night kiss. "It
is not at all in character ; and I hope
that, by to-morrow morning, Martha
Washington will be quite herself again."
The dreams of the fair woman that
Philip Remington took with him from
Mrs. Farland s entertainment, all re
solved themselves into a figure attired
in gray brocade. Ha was enraptured
with the counterpart of Lady Washing
ton, and could think of nothing else.
He took down an Englsih prayer-book
from the shelves, and there read that
"a man may not marry his grandmother,"
- a warning which had hitherto ap
peared to him particularly superfluous ;
but it really seemed to him now that
some one else's grandmother might
appear in a very attractive light.
Mr. Remington became a frequent
visitor at Mrs. Farland's ; he found the
atmosphere of the house particularly
congenial, and wondered what he had
been about not to cultivate so charming
a personage as mshostess before.
That lady smiled to herself at the
gentleman's puzzled interest in Mrs.
Lorraine, and was obliged to exercise
great circumspection in answering the
questions so frequently put to her. Her
friend, she said, was independent, and
somewhat eccentric; she had adopted
the dress of the republican conrt, so
particularly suited to her style, and
from sheer disgust at the attire gene
rally indulged in by the ladies of her
years. She was highly cultivated and
intellectual, anaaunongn nttea to aaorn
any society, had in herself such abun
dant resources that she was quite inde
pendent of it
To all of which Philip listened in
tently, devoutly wishing that he had
been born twenty years earlier, or Mrs.
Lorraine twenty years later.
That eccentric personage, meanwhile,
was enjoying herself very much in her
new sphere, and viewine the world
generally from quite a different stand
point She did not lack attention, for
it, was soon known she had wealth, and
her fine, commanding presence was, of
itself, a passport But the attention
was of a different kind from that to
which she was accustomed, although a
speak to her of love. Her magnificent
nrr. however, n.lite an,lihilted thorn
and not the Mother of her Country
self could have frightened them more.
Mrs. Lorraine was decidedly the
fashion ; and the winter she spent in
the white marble palace flew by on
rapid wings.
Philip Remington could not bear the
thought of her departure, though he
took himself to task as absurd, and al
most worthy to be classed with the fortune-hunters
who had been so sum
marily routed. But he had become ac
customed now to talking over the last
new book, with this friend of a few
months' standing, and discussed tunics
scarcely thought of among the rapid
society belles of the day, that he could
not willingly give up such refined and
elevating companionship.
lie could neither understand himself,
nor Mrs. liorrame ; but tnere was
something about her that drew him into
her society so often, that he began to
have very little peace of mind when he
was absent from her.
Mrs. Farland felt uneasy ; she thought
that matters were being carried too far ;
and that Gertrude should either un
mask, or bid Mr. Remington a final
farewell.
One fine morning, Mrs. Lorraine sud
denly disappeared actually ran away,
lile the coward she was ; and left her
friend and her admirer to settle matters
as thev could.
Poor Mrs. Farland felt herself to be
in a very funny position, when Philip
Imington sought her sympathy and
advice ; begging for a clue to Mrs. Lor
raine's whereabouts, and, while evi-
dentlv denrecatine his follv. declaring
that he found it impossible to bear Ler
absence any longer.
"I think yon had better see her at
home," said his auditor, at length,
without daring to lift her eyes. "Per
haps you will be disenchanted."
"Disenchanted!" He felt like re
senting the suggestion ; but Mrs. Far
land had evidently not spoken from any
unworthy motive, though he could not
quite make her ont
Gertrude Lorraine had returned to
her home in St Louis, and to St Louis
Mr. Remington forthwith came.
By the time he arrived, however, a
great many things had happened ; and
Mrs. Lorraine had experienced varioty
enough to satisfy her thoroughly. From
hundreds of thousands, she was sud
denly reduced to a pittance ; and not
being one of the kind who bestow their
most copious tears and sighs on losses
of this nature, she immediately turned
her attention to a hand-to-hand conflict
with the world ; whether in the shape
of teaching, scribbling, or boarding
house keeping, she had not quite set
tled, when Mr. Remington's card was
handed her.
She had thought that, in the course
of time, perhaps he might write ; she
had a sort of feeling that their friend
ship was not quite to cease then and
there ; but that he should actually fol
low almost on the heels of her own de
parture, agitated her to such a degree,
that she did two or three silly things
before she could persuade herself to
face the visitor. She dragged forth a
mass of gray hair from some secret re
ceptacle, and began braiding it up, in
an aimless, dreamy sort of way, with
her own abundant locks ; then she un
fastened, and half twisted off the mod
ern garment in which she was attired ;
and, finally, she fell into a brown study,
before the looking-glass, which appeared
likely to be of endless duration.
Philip Remington was somewhat sur- I
prised, after the accounts he had heard
of Mrs. Lorraine, at the plainness of
the quarters in which he found himself ;
but when, after some delay, the familiar
face and figure the former framed in
nut-brown locks, and the latter robed
in simple calico stood before him, the
power of speech departed altogether.
When he came to his senses, he fonnd
himself standing with the lady's hand
in his, staring like an idiot
'I have changed since you saw me,"
said Mrs. Lorraine.
"Changed !" he repeated, with em
phasis, "I cannot understand it all."
"I will try to explain," she began,
somewhat tremulously, fearing that this
straight-forward, manly Philip might
not altogether approve of her proceed
ings, and then she told him everything.
It took some time for Mr. Reming
ton's bewildered ideas to get into work
ing order ; but as his first words ex
pressed a sort of insane joy at the loss
of Mrs. Lorraine's wealth, that lady
soon became as confused as himself,
and all intelligible conversation was
suspended. -
Philip Remington returned from that
trip an engaged man ; and quite recon
ciled to the disappointment of seeing
the only elderly lady he had ever ad
mired transferred into a youthful and
attractive "fiancee."
Mrs. Farland was delighted that Ger
trude's little comedy had turned out so
well ; and society declared that Mr.
Remington has displayed wonderful
talent in leoking out for the main
chance, and seleciisd a western bride of
fabulous wealth.
The three who knew better laughed
among themselves, and let society think
The Etymology ofFashion.
There are many words, indicating
particular fabrics, which have so passed
into familiar language that no longer
necessarily suggest any special signifi
cance, except as a trademark of quality.
But the etymology of the subject is
nevertheless, interesting. Most persons
giving a thought to the matter at all
would instantly recognize the meaning
or Mechlin, Alencon, Brussels and
Chantilly lace, why one shawl is called
a Paisley and another a-Cashmere ; that
Holland was originally manufactured
by the Dutch, and that a Fez cap car
ries with it a local significance. The
materials known in commerce as Cir
cassian, Cyprus, Coburg and Damask,
equally explain themselves; and, though
in a totally different manner, such fash
ions as those of Wellington and Blucher
boots, Mackintosh and Chesterfield
coats, and Spencers. But why is a shirt
front popularly called a dickey ? Why
are poplins so named ? Why blankets
as tne covering of a bed 7 ur suk, or
shawl, or jerkin, or maud, or cravat ?
It is when we fall amid these shadows
of learning that the etymologists enjoy
their Walpurgis dance of guesses. Ihus
with blankets. There are said to have
been three brothers of that name at
Worcester, who invented the coverlet
so called, and, in confirmation, it is
pointed ont not far from the antiqne
city, is still a locality known as the
Blanqnets. On the other hand, Bristol
claims them among her mediaeval citi
zens, though, for all that, they may have
been Worcestershire men as well, lue
coarse woolens of their fabricating ap
pear to have been eagerly adopted by
the peasantry, as a substitute for
hempen cloth ; then soldiers, sportmen
and travellers found them useful ; next
I wf Fe laid n 8tmP bedsteads
" Lue "me. anu UlanKel
became
a Masonic banner. This may confidently
be reckoned among things not quite uni
versally known. As to poplin, it was
invented in a papal territory, though by
a Huguenot, and hence called papaline,
which account we may as well credit,
seeing that no other is at hand. Silk
may be a Greek, a Persian, an Avalic, a
Tartar, or a Chinese appelation, since
the lexicographers and other erudition
ists might be quoted in favor of each
language ; but concerning shawl, there
is only a single doubt, between a Per
sian word and the town of Shawl, in
Beloochistan, whence it may possibly
have been derived, and which was for
merly famous for the manufacture.
This must not be confounded with the
celebrated shawl of Leybonrne. A maud
is a Scotch plaid, christened after a
Scottish Queen, daughter of Malcolm,
and wife of Henry the L Jerkin may
be from the Anglo-Saxon crytellien,
which good authorities aver to the di
minutive of cyntel, a coat, a presump
tion, at any rate, more rational than
that which traces it to the vnlgarisra of
Little Jerry, which is also claimed for
jacket. Bnt now we reach a formidable
mystery. Whence came t he name cravat?
Was it first worn by a. Croat cavalier ?
Because that is almost the sole sugges
tion of the learned. Concerning collars,
thei used to be a sort worn in Germany,
which were nicknamed Vatermorderu,
or father murderers, from the legend of
a student who returned from the univer
sity with snch a stiff pair that, on em
bracing his parent, they cut his throat.
There are many testimonies to suicides,
tight lacing, to wit : caused by vanity
in dress, but we think this is the only
j case of assassination on record. In the
general glossary, cardiuals, capuchins
and mantillas tell their own story,
though the old fashioned berthas do
not, and therenowned chapeau de paille,
whirli Rri hnrmnnixpil with the heftlltv
of the Churchills of the last centurv, !
would be equally explicit had it been
straw hat at all. "liazanr.
Mechanical
Labor-
, '--.rvjr
Mr. Robert Dale Owen Jxhat in
1835 his father put downi tt)ggregate
of mechanical force as equal to the labor
of four hundred million adults, and es
timates by recent English statisticians,
brought up to the present time, vary
from hve hundred to seven hundred
millions. We may safely assume the;
t it J A
menu ui lueae csuujaica oijk jiuuiuw
mntinir thf
truth to-day. But the population t
the world is, in round numbers, twelve i
hundred millions ; and the usual esti
mate of the productive manual labor of
a country is that it does not exceed
that of a number of adult workmen
equal to one-fourth of its population.
Thus the daily labor of three hundred
million adults represents the productive
manual power of the world
It follows i
that Great Britain and Ireland's labor-
saving machinery equals, in productive
action, the manual labor power of two
worlds as populous as this. It follows,
further, inasmuch as the present popu
lation of the British Isles is less than
thirty millions, that seven millions and
a half of adults represent the number of
living operatives who control and man
ipulate that prodigious amount of
animate force. Thus, in aid of the
manual labor of seven and a half mil
lions of human workmen, Great Britain
may be said to have imported, from the
vast regions of invention, six hundred
millions of powerful and passive slaves
clothing . slave8 that Bleep nott weary
not, sicken not ; gigantic slaves that
drain subterranean lakes in their mas
ter's service, or set in motion, at a touch
from his hand, machinery under which
the huge and solid buildings that con
tain it, groan and shake ; ingenious
slaves that outrival, in the delicacy of
their operations, the touch of man, and
put to shame the best exertions of his
steadiness and accuracy ; yet slaves
patient, submissive, obedient, from
whom no rebellion need be feared, who
cannot suffer cruelty nor experience
pain.
Elephant Tnnkn.
The problem how to get a tusk from
the head of an elephant may have, per
haps, puzzled many a reader of African
travel. What other dental process
would be possible, save to anchor the
head, and with a capstan and compound
pulleys to pull the tusks out by main
strength? Such modern appliances
being impossible in Africa, the negro
buries the huge head until decomposi
tion takes place, when extraction is per
formed without much trouble; the
tusks are then greased and allowed to
dry in the native huts. About one-third
of the tusk is hollow, and about one-fifth
of it is imbedded in the elephant's gums.
One reason alleged why a pair of tusks
are rarely seen alike is, that when the
elephant'falls to the ground, the chief
claims that peculiar tusk on which the
animal falls, and so the pair go into
different hands ; but from some slight
experience in such matters, we should
be rather inclined to say that the tusks
are very rarely alike in the elephant, one
tusk being generally much shorter than
the other.
Personality.
There is nothing else in the world
which bears the marks of its nativity so
unmistakably as wit and humor do. The
speeches of Burke might have been
delivered by Webster ; the poetry of
Wordsworth and Southey might have
been written by Americans ; there is
nothing about the German philosophy
which is so essentially German that it
might pot have been English ; and there
are some of the French dramatists who
could almost have imitated even Shakes
peare himself. But it is not so with wit
and humor. Given a jest, and it needs
bnt little discernment to tell whence it
come. Sheridan's much-quoted remark
concerning Dundas, that he "resorts to
his memory for his wit and to his imagi
nation for his facts," could not possibly
have been made by any but an English
man, or even bv an Englishman of any
other than Sheridan's time.
Douglas Jerrold's witticism, "It is
better to be witty and wise than witty
and otherwise, was not only very Eng
lish, but very Jerroldy, and few people
would need to be told wno said it
And so it is with the humor of other
peoples. Who would hesitate for a
moment to credit Ireland with the man
who, vaunting the glories of the past,
wanted to know "where you will find a
modern building which has lasted as
long as the ancient ones?" Equally
evident is Sir Richard Steele's nativity,
from his celebrated effort to extend hos
pitality to a friend, to whom he said,
"If yon should ever come within a mile
of my house, I hope you will stop there."
And there can be no question that it
was an Irish editor who announced that
a prominent gentleman of the country
had "died suddenly after a lingering
illness."
Perhaps the most strongly-marked
humor, however, is that of onr own
country. It is of a broad-gunge sort
a kind of high-pressure affair too much
like us to belong to anybody else.
Thackeray's joke about the size of our
oysters was purely English, of course,
and differed in every way from that of
liis American companion, who remarked
that he had seen an oyster so large that
it "took three men to swallow it whole."
Equally American was the remark of
the North Carolinian, who, in speaking
of the extreme leanness of his neighbor's
hogs, said that "he had to put overcoats
on them to enable them to make a
shadow in the sun." It must have been
this Xorth Carolinian's brother who
said an acquaintance was "so toll that
he never found out when his feet were
cold till they had got worm again."
Xobodv but an American could have
called Shakespeare "a boss poet," as
Artemns Ward did.
Bnt the most peculiarly American
form of humor yet developed is that
which has lately become so popnlar
among editorial paragraph -writers in
our Western States. It is indescribable,
and we can indicate what it is only giv
ing one or two examples:
"Mrs. Gwin, of Davenport, assisted
the kitchen fire, one day last week, with
the kerosene-can. The heavy rain kept
a good many people from attending the
funeral."
"A Chicago man ate fen dozen eggs
on a wager last week. The money he
won has bien paid to his widow."
"A man out in Kansas said he could
drink a qnart of Cincinnati whisky, and
he did it. The silver mountings on his
coffin cost 813.75."
We cannot fail to discover at once the
parentage of anything of this sort. It
is too evidently indegenons to be mis
taken for an exotic.
The jests of other nations are equally
well marked. Yonr French ton-mot
has an unmistakable shrug of the
, fihnnliiora ahnnt if. I.orman vit la
elaborate and minutely accurate in all
its details. A Scotch joke must of neces
sity be gimlet-pointed, else it could
never be driven home in the heads of
Scotchmen.
We cannot only discover the nation
ality of a jest from internal evidences,
but we can often tell the exact region
whence it came, and sometimes even its
very authorship is apparent When we
hear a man say that he "wrestles his
hash
.well
at snch a place, we know very
well that man was "raised" west of the
' .
Alleghenies.
The man who asks you
-"what you've got on your wheel-house,"
ueu " wul " Ju pro-
pose to do, has no need to tell anybody
that he has lived on the banks of the
Mississippi river. And it could only
have been a college student, and a
sopho more at that, who, when asked
what stars never set, replied, 'roontam.'
There are some jests as we have
already remarked, whose very author
ship is apparent; notably some of Hood s
and nearly all of Charles Lamb's. Saxe
has closely imitated his master in the
matter of puns, but he has never shown
himself equal to snch a play on words
as that which Hood puts into the month
of the vender of ear-trumpets, who, in
vaunting his wares, says :
"Tbsrs was Mrs. T ,
Iso very daf
That ae might havs worn a percossioa cap,
a.od been knocked on the head without hearing it
snap.
Well, 1 sold hsr a horn, and the very next day
She heal d from her hmbaiui at Hut any Bajt.
Charles Lamb was never like anybody
else, and certainly nobody else was ever
like Charles Lamb. It was he, of course
(who else could it have been ?) who
replied to the complaint of his superior
in the India Honse, that he came to his
desk later in the morning than any other
of the writers, by saying, "Yes ; but
you see I make it up by going away
'earlier in the evening. His good things
were always so essentially and wholly
his own, that there is no possibility of
mistaking their origin. Xo other man
could have thought his thoughts or any
thing like them. Nobody else would
ever have thought of pitying our fore
fathers, who lived before the times of
candlelight, because when they cracked
a joke after dark, they had to feel about
for a smile, and handle their neighbors
cheek to be sure that they understood
it ! Hearth and Home.
Oflicial Postas"Stampj.
The new postage-stamps of the Post
office Department are pretty things, as
postage-stamps go, and pretty mainly
because they are plain. A large nu
meral in the centre, instead of a por
trait head, denotes the denomination,
and the wouls "official" above and
"stamp" below show its exclusive pur
pose. The words "Post-offioe Dept"
above this oval centre, and the denomi
nation repeated both in letters and fig
ures, with the initials TJ. S. below, com
plete the stamp. It is a pleasant black
and white in color, made neutral by
finely engraved lines.
This new stamp is exclusively for the
Post-office Department, and is only a
specimen of a great variety of them, de
signed of all denominations for all the
departments. A great variety of stamps
of many denominations have been de
signed for all the departments, but dif
fering for each.
Foundlings In Paris.
A recent work on the pauper popula
tion of Paris, contains an interesting
chapter on foundling institutions,
where infants are now received withont
any indiscreet qnestions being asked.
There is no longer ar.y necessity for
leaving children, as used to be the cus
tom, on church steps, nor are those
found in the streets disposed of as they
used to be till Parliament interfered.
In the sixteenth century the fixed price
for a foundling was one franc; some used
to be purchased by charitable people,
some by acrobats, others by sorcerers
who wanted the blood of an infant to
mix with their drugs. Now these inno
cents are taken to the Foundling Hos
pital and reared as well as means will per
mit though the mortality is great among
them for want of exercise, because the
nurses, who have several children to at
tend to, cannot "jump" them. In 18i!)
there were 6109 children received at the
Foundling Hospital, of which 1749 were!
leit temporarily, nearly all were
brought to the hospital, onlv 79 havinc
rbeen found exposed in public places,
and one Having been accidentally for
gotten in a cab ! In that year there
were 25,486 foundlings on the books.
All these children are taken off into
the country by nurses who go np to
Paris and fetch them. For the first
year the nurse receives fifteen francs
month, the second year twelve francs. I
and so on till the foundling reaches an
age when he becomes useful and able
to earn tiin hrfn.1 Tt ia W... firr.-
lated that the children shall be sent to
the parish school from six to fourteen I
years of age ; bnt, in spite of a reward
for paying attention to this stipulation,
it was found that in 1S(9 no fewer than
2000 out of the 8000 children had not
been afforded this instruction. Thefonnd
hngs, however, seem to conduct them
selves well, for, in the year ISO!), out of
9000 ranging fiom thirteen to twenty
ffZJZlPt'JSll i Ti,Ul beeU
&,t T Ce' Ther6 "'t
S r.rtH; uLT7 i T"7,
these rmicnils watch sn Mn(ulv nvn ths
these officials watch so closely over the
interests of those committed to their
charge that they may provide for the
proper defence of foundlings who are
prosecnted.TheFirstXapoleon wished to
make all the male foundlings serve in the
army, and it has since been fonnd that
most of them not drawn in the con
scription volnnteered. In 1850 an at
tempt was mane to lonnd a colony m i
Algeria with these children. The experi
ment succeeded at first, but after a few
years the system broke down for rea
sons which the Jesuit Father, Brunauld,
who was the director, fairly explained
to the Emperor. The pupils, he wrote,
require by degrees, more liberty, and
there is not sufficient stimulus to per
sonal initiative. Altogether, it was
found, after several tna.s, that au agri- ,
lads invariably escaped from such es-1 1. The mons auctioneer whose adver
tablishments. At Arras.a colony where tisementt Rte1 tht the only drawbacks
the youths received primary instruction ! ?n a c,ertam country-place which he had
and learned various trades turned out fora 8 Jf the "noise of a nightingale
a success. In general the infants sent i f,nrt of tue rose-leaves, was
into the country are adopted, and when ! 4Ve nS!'t sort of a man for his profes
such a thing was possible, it frequently j 810"'
happened that smart money was pail i . Camphor Oil, well known in the East,
for them to exempt them from military 's S31'1 to some extent in other countries,
service. but the supply is limited, and is only
Warils Xew Statue of Putnam.
He ha chosen for his snbjeet an at
titude simple, natural, every-day but
one in which the characteristics of the
man are shown as they must be in every
spontaneous movement. Putnam has
just been summoned, he has grasped
hio cvnril it-Vi i Vi villi 41a V... 1 . nn.l n . . . . 1 .
is held against his breast in one hand, i hve pnshed had not the maiden, dis
while the other holds the beaver 1 cerS t"s danger swam out to him,
chapeau straight down by the side. He ' ?n!1 throwing into his hands her back
is advancing, the head erect, with its f,alr fonr fett ln length, towed him to
slightly shaggy hair falling over the ; tae ,anJ-
collar, the right foot firmly pressed I The daughter of an English earl,
against the ground, the left resting on ; only seventeen years old, made a very
the ball of the foot, but resting only ' successful dtbitt as Juliet, in London
for an instant. There is in the move-I recently, under the name of Edith Gray,
ment of this somewhat heavy man of Her father made a will, leaving her a
fifty odd, inclining already to fullness, j large fortune, but omitted to sign it, so
an easy elasticity of motion often seen ; Bue ha3 been penniless and homeless all
in men of his temperament whose bodies j her life. A retired actress took charge
move with a certain joyfnlness to follow j of her, and superintended her education
the quickspringing mind. To have ' for the stage.
seized snch a character as this in full i Mr. Rawdon Brown has discovered
activity, a man must be in sympathy that Shakspeare was well known to
with his subject, and the spectator feels Cervantes, and traces Sancho Panza's
that the life infused into this clay well known eulogy of sleep to Macbeth's
comes from life in the sculptor. It is a j Sieep tha, knit. uplh, Teuad slave of ears,
work to inspire patriotism not by sym- He int9 ont 8everal other anai -e8
bols nor by dwelling on i anecdote and of thonght nJ eXpreBsion to show
popular attributes, but by keeping in tlwt Cervantes appreciated Shakspeare.
yerpeiua. presence tue living image oi ,
a good and
true man, one of Words-
worth's.
"fllad sools withont reproach or blt.
Who do GihTb will, and know it not.'
Such was Israel Tntnam, and if Ward
has not chosen, as some would have had
him, to represent his hero as he may
have looked on that day, when, hearing
the news from Lexington as he was
plowing in the field with his son, he
onicklv imvoked his tm. lnft his nln-
r:r7 t"
the house with the message that he was 1
gone, mounted his horse in his working-,
dress and rode away with speed to the
camp-it was perhaps becausehe wished
. 1 1 i
to avoid for his hero any suspicion of
melodrama, and to represent in a more
universal way his constant readiness to !
serve his country.
-Scribner's Monthli.
. T. Stewart' Wealth.
The precise amonnt is beyond his own
calculation, and it is probable that he
could not get within a million of it. Xo
one can tell the nreciwe valrrn nf nipc
oi f nntTf it. ii i iP
of real estate nntil it be sold, and hence
. , i , .
an owner cannot easily attach an esti
mate which shall match the market He j
owns two churches in Xew York, one
of which has been transformed into a
theatre, and the other is the stable for
the horses connected with his establish- Mr. Beeeher was present the other
ment, his private stables being np town, j day at the Xew York Editorial Coaven
He owns the Depeau row in Bleeker j tion, and related an early experience ef
street, and some other property in that his, when, on the strength of his ap
vicinity, and also a few buildings in Elm j pointment as editor of the Cincinnati
street, near his chief warehouse. His i Gazette, he invested in a fine overcoat
Broadway property consists of one ! and a gold watch the latter of which
church (to which I have referred), two ! he bad shortly after to ratarn. Recur
warehouses and the Metropolitan Hotel, j ring to the subject in hand, he added :
His largest warehouse, which has no " i should not be ashamed to wind up
equal in the world in space and ele- my life as I began it, for I think that
trance, and which covers nearly three ' amouur the professions there is none
acres, is -bnilt entirely on leased land
the fee belonging to the Sailors' Snug
Harbor. This plot would readily bring ;
at auction three millions, and its rent,
at the low rates of long leases, is a lit
tle under $00,000a year. All the proper
ties thus named are worth about six
millions, and to -these is to be added
the Saratoga hotel, the Hempstead
lands, and the farm at Tuckahoe, and
the palace in Fifth avenue. The girls'
lodging house, which is worth a million,
being a charity, is not to be reckoned.
Mr. Steward's stock of goods in Xew
York, Boston,PhiladeIphia, and Europe
may be estimated at eight millions and
his personal estate, such as bank stock
and similar securities, may be a million
more. If you take round numbers, and
place the available estate at twenty
millions, you make a liberal estimate
of real value, and this is enongh for
any man. Troy Time.
"Varieties.
London
has a Shakspeare sewing
machine.
Ozobenzine is the name of
a new ex-
plosive compound.
The Shah scratches his head with the
corner of a salt-cellar.
To make a tall man short Try to
borrow five dollars of him.
A circuit court The longest
home from singing-school.
way
Agricultural A mower who can't mow
might as well be no mower.
Prof. Dana is said to incline to the
belief that the earth is solid.
The next worst thing to raining pitch
forks must be hailing omnibuses.
There are various stations in life; but
the least desirable is a police station.
Members of the Xew York press are
ilort,y to haTe ,LootmK match at
Creedmore.
Oysters, it is said, are never found in
the Baltic Sen, the water not containing
sufficient salt.
Mrs. Gen. Tom Thumb fell down
stairs, at her residence, at Middleburg,
recently, and was seriously injured.
Melancholy The health authorities
of Montgomery, Ala., refuse to allow
any water-melons to be brought into the
I tU, ., ... ,
! " niY? Tan!ty ls 8 weakness which we
I 816 iBchned to pity, self-esteem, if not
j cetsy?. t once elicits our respect and
admiration.
A vein of mica has been discovered
in Cherokee County, Ga,, and they talk
of getting the Mikado of Japan to come
and develop it.
It is said that Iowa grasshoppers eat
np the tobacco plants. If so, the Iowans
have onlv to catch thfim t. it tn till
! them when thev ehewH.
! Tt,,e lows its influence in
eTer7 Part of oar conduct; it is like the
!saP ot tr whidi- penetrates
...... ' 1
the most distant boughs.
The Jersey hens have got into snch a
habit of mislaying their eggs that
chickens are getting scarce there, and
omelettes almost impossible.
A good wife is to a man, wisdom and
courage, and strength and hope, and
endurance. A bad one, confusion, weak
ness, discomfiture and despuar.
A camping-out party from Boston,
finding their water supply run short,
were reduced to the necessity of boiling
a mess of potatoes in ginger ale.
The Titnsville, Penna., Herald says
that the atmosphere of the oil regions,
heavily charged as it is with petroleum,
acts almost as a specific for the relief of
asthma, and at the same time as a pre-
ventive o eon8UmptioD,
obtained trom drippings flowing from
the cuttings of the Camphor tree.
; Standing trees are neTer felled on pur
; pose to obtain the oil.
! Emma Black, living in a small town
on the Mississippi, saved a man's life
! the other day in a curious way. He
was fishing, and tumbled ont of his
boat, and being nnable to swim, would
whose dramas were priced "a few
years before the appearance of "Don
Quixote."
The energy displayed by the people
of American cities in recovering from
the effects of calamity is one of the best
traits in onr national character. This
is most plainly shown in the rebuilding
of our burned cities. It has been barely
seven years since Portland, Maine, was
.
almost "stroyed y ? ? one
" anytraces of its burned
JJJ??8 V g "D
ef.n ,tbIy Je,bmlt !S? mnch
ette-r W than before-, lhf ChcaP
I'11'.6 Vfcent yet the
rtnn 1 1 1 i n rr haa haan rrrvi rt cr rn a w-ay-i 1 1 w?
ICTT n T K m 8 k -PJ
?nd ';;tnally that in the business por-
lon" of th? cl$ m
the burned portion remain. Indeed one
might pass through that and question
whether Chicago had ever been burned
at all. Troops of busy mechanics are
rebuilding the burned district of Bos
1 1 i i it i i
a' "u," "I "UB T"1 V" T"r wl"
"nTf- ""TA" TILT" r
ua"lu,ure JJreparuig
(for reconstruction before the ruins of
. i u -u- M m.
her burned buildings were cold. These
things are highly creditable to American
! energy and hopefulness, and will show
as handsomely at Portland, Oregon, as
I among her elder sisters.
that ranks higher than that which is
vet to be a profession that of journal-
ism. Journalism, as yet. is a pursuit.
rather than a profession. It has no
definite bounds; it has no common law
or customs; it has principles, and yet
they are held rather individually than
by common consent It is not shaped
and drawn ont into any form with ac
knowledged foundations and super
structure. That it is to be a profession,
and, like all other professions, to have
its laws and its precepts, its maxims
and its methods, there can scarcely be
any doubt It never will be a profes
sion in this same sense in which law is.
It has in it so much of necessity that is
voluntary, that cannot be fixed, while
the law spreads itself around about the
different forms of civil society; it has a
machinery fixed and bounded for it
whieh profrssiona.' journalism never can
have."
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