The Montrose Democrat., December 11, 1872, Image 1

. B. HAWLEY, Proprietor.
guoinco Sado.
II BIJIIRITT.
Dealer m Staple , and Fancy Dry Goads. Crockery. Fiord.
ware. Iron, Atnaea. Drugt. Oils, and Palota. Wane
anA Shoe., Mat sod Cap., Fara. Sulfate Itobas. Ora
<elle., Pro'Woos. de.
a.. No., S.
EXCHANGE HOTEL.
D. A. MceIjAC.SMN, wirers to Inform tbeptibliethst
baying rooted tbo Exchanp lloteLto Montrose. he
to ... prorated to secommudote the travellog pate:e
to trotTLseotyle
Montrose, Aug. 23, Min.
' CASE.
20,11..114mm , and Trunk maker*. Ph'p to O. Rows'
'Bollilne, Brooklyn, Pa, Oak Itaxoesses, heavy
And Bebe, made to order.
Brooklyn, April & —roll
D. D. 1591111
furl, ineareil at eamaebenna Depet. Mane Declarer of
And d al, In Il eta and heavy tlarae•ere.f!ot nr k pinin..
Traci .hopinz,b, Meet rtont ion to buta
ne. and fair dealing , 116 bays a liberal share of
waron,ge„
15:1.—nol0—rta.
sirs, ti & sricuom,
DS &,./RS In Drog,s, Medicine.— Chemicals. Dye
.:.d.,paint, 01In, Varnfin. Liquors, 'Spleen. Fancy
rtsans. Patent andlelnes. Perfumery and Tnllei
;yr ern+er:ptfon. canatally compounded.—
Brick Mack. Niontrone, Pa.
A. d. fled a
Feb. !1. 1971.
DR. D. A. LATHROP.
A !minister. RIACTILII Passau. pietas. at the C hroni co
Coestniu street. Call wad coosult in all
ni
Montrose. Jos. 11, 11.—0..1—t1.
.1. F. SIIOEIII.4ILER.
i t tpm., ► t Ip.r. Ilontrnso. Ps. OITIce Quit door below
[h. T►rb.ll
Montrose, :In. 11, 1811.—pc4-1).
C. E. IIAiLDWEV,
Arrow= and Coosszton aT L. Great Bend. Penn
eylvania. ant.
B. L. BALDWIN,
Arrow:art ar Law. Mammal, Pa Oaks with Jame
R. Carmalt. Era. :
tiontro., August 33, 1871.
LOOMIS & LUSH.
AttararraMies Lyekurtmia
Ecrtnion. a At. Alkateelcs ih••igtVeral Cmarto cal 1.0.
tarn. ao4 Suparbanna Cul:Lade*.
F. 6. Laaana.
Itaanton, Sept. ft/41811.—U.
W. 1. CROSYIOS.
Alton.] at Law, Mika at Mt Cow% Hanso.. la As
Comminslonrea Offiea. W A. CAOsases.
Masan.... Seat_ atb. 1971.—d.
IIeKENZIE, & CO
ester. to Dry Goods, Clothlog. Ladles end Misses
One Shoes. kis°, agents tor the great American
Toe and Coffee Company. [Montrose. Joly 11. '11,)
DA W. W. SDITII,
Dsrmee. Rooms at itisdorellinm narzt door east of the
Republican printing office. Othca boars from 9a. a.
to 4 P. L Montrose. Way li„ tEni—tf
TUE BARBER—naI Ilal Elan
Charley Morris i• the barber. who etia,share your fat, I •
eroar; Cute brown, blot& and trri.ftley hair, in hi
rale...Jun op stairs. There you will end him. ore
Caere', nom. below licKenzies--Phst one door.
Montrose. June 7.1.411.—tt C. BORIXIS.
J. B. t A. H. HeCOLLUH,
Arras..Ts AT tor Of!n•s over the Bank. Mention
Pa. Montrose, any 10. 1571. tf
J. D. VAIL,
nowww.smc MU permanently
located himself is Montrose, Ps, where he wlllprompt.
11 att.rul to all all. In hl. proftwdon with which be WI
bs farmed. Oho and timldenee west. of the Court
llama, near Fitch & Wanton'. peke.
Montrose. Fehrnary & 18:1.
LAW OFFICE•
PITCH di WATSON: AUora eye at Lam. at the old edd
er Bootle] Jt Fitch. Moat - row Pa.
4. F FTFCII, (Jan. it. "U.(
CHARLES N. STODDARD,
Dealer ita Boots sod Seats, Bats and Caps. Leather and
Fining., Bala Street. tat door
done Root
Work route V. order. and repairing neatly
Bost/vac. Jan. 1,1870.
LEWIS KNOLL,
IMIANING AND lIA DIIIISSING.
Shaw In the nor Postedlee bullifirim where he will
ne found reedy to attend all 1.1113 may went earthing
In Ms line. ' Montrose Pa. Oct. 18. 1863.
DR. S. W. DAYTON,
THITSICIAN 1 ISURGEOId. tenders pie corder@ t
tn. chino= of Brent Bond and vtilnity. 0211 co bi
residence. opposite Baninto (rt, Bend
olflaj
Sept. lid. IBB.—
A. 0. WAILUEN,
.11TTOWIST A. LAW. BOUZIty, luck Pay. Pnnainn
and Kum on Claims attcnded to. °Vet 11-
.00r Wove Sorry Store. Slontrnee . PP. (So. 1. 'fi9
M. C. SUTTON,
Asetionber, and Insurance Agent.,
Frlendsville, P.
C. S. GILBERT,
811.0t14CoriecIr.
Great Bead. Pa
17. ES.
ace 69tf
Allii E LX,
V . . M. d eLlacatic/ameoz - •
1, 10141. *dirges. Brooklyn. Pa
JOUN GROVES,
aeLapNABLE TAIL3B., Nontroae. Pa. Shop ova
Chilliler's Store. Ali orders allot to drat•ratestyl
~.‘“ doe done on alum notice. slid warrantee to lit.
TV. W. SMITH,
iIaBLINET LND cruari 11ANUFACTIIRERS.—Vw
Matz stew; ltuntivor. Jaz. 1. MS.
BILLINGS STROUD:
RI AND - LAPS I:IS74ANCtS ACLINT. , Al:
bast oeiti attended to progips.ly. On [sir terms. Office
11.r.4 door mirth of • Montrose Motel," mot aldr
Public Aromas, Montrose. Pa. gI. Mt&
air 11. NUJ etif-Mtoe wrnount.
ABEL "KIM BELL,
LER In Drugs, Pascua Modica:to, Minas&bi
Liquors, Plank sotlalsio muffs, Van/AIM Wai
armorial, Ulm. Ware. Wall and WIMP.' Pa,
pr. laisuo•waro, Lamp, Keromno. Mannino* Ulla
.I . ranes. Onus, AlitinilulLlOU, Opettacluo
Stashes. Fancy Goods, ifismelq, Pella • ry.
Mill: 'one of 00 most 114410141 0 . . 10411111 re. and
...amble calla:alone of Goads In
Asubllshed Pa.
D. W. SEAULE.
TTORMET AT LAW. glare over the !Store of A.
Lsthrop. In the Brick Bloch. Montrose. Po. EmirGO
Dn. W. 1111CIIIARDSON,
lITSICIAN i tiLTEKIEWL wader. tile prufessicam
...ice. m Lba citizens otgantrose And vicinity--
Ogleo at blaresidence, as thir.cornirr east at linr. a'
Oros. Foandry. LAPS. I. sea.
HUNT BROTHERS.
sca.t.rres.
Wholesale 1-11.stsil DoslareLn
HARDWARE, IRON, STEEL,
NAILS, SPIKES, SHOVELS,
.77 ILDER'S HARDWARE t
*IRS RAIL.COURJERACINK RAILIIPIKRe ,
RAILROAD et AIMING RUPPLINR.
CARBIADIS RARINO.S. AdLER, SNSINB AND
BOXES. BOLTS. NUTS cad WARMERS.
PLATS! , BANDS. MALL/LULU%
IRONS. RUBS. SPOKES.
FEALON.9.d/UT SPINDLER, ROM @A
ASVILB, PjCEB. sToCiEs and DIES. BELLOWS
nAlnutits. SLEDGES. FILM *13.4n.
StilcuLat LED *ILL SAWS, UFLTING. PACEING
TAcgur, imaelES, PLASTER PARIS
ctixen. DAiEAOHINDSTOEES.
rasaca svc*FAMBANWSDoW GLASS.Lialalti FINDWOF
Sinaloa. iarch U. MIL As
(I.IIOCERTES.—Tean is mit wanetv
RA di cheap id IliaquAttec row Peaches. de
bee l
i e wade& A old peat/ entotoimioaga,OPF
VetacDesk Ilk 11,
al ppm at- •
President's Message.
To TIM RENATE„AItio Horns of REPRE
SENTATIVES :—ln transmitting to you
tLis my fourth annual message, it is with
thankfulness to the Giver of all good that
as a natir.o we have been blessed fur the
past year with peace at home, peace
abroad, and a general prosperity vouch
safed to but few people, With the excep
tion of the recent devastating fire which
swept from the earth with a breath, as it
were, millions of accumulated wealth in
the city of Boston, there has been no ov
ershadowing calamity within - the year to
record.
It is gratifying to note how, like their
fellow-citizens of Chicago, under similar
circumstances a year earlier, the citizens
of Boston am rallying under their mis
fortunes, with a prospect thut their ener
gy and perseverance will overcome all ob
stacles and show the same prosperity soon
that they would had no disaster befallen
them ; otherwise we have been free from
pestilence, war, and calamities, which of
ten overtake nations, and as far as human
judgment cat. penetrate the future, no
cause teems to exist to thryaten our pres
ent peace.
Aires Manna
TIIE GENEVA ARBITRATION
When Congress adjourned in June last
a question had been raised by Great Brit
ain and was then pending which for a
time seriously imperilled the settlement
by friendly arbitration of the grave differ:
ences between the government and that
of her .Britanic Majesty, which, by the
treaty of Washington bad been referred
to the tribunal of arbitration which had
met in Geneva, in Switzerland. The ar
tutnstors however, disposed of the ques
don which had jeopardized the whole of
the treaty, and threatened to involve the
two nations id most unhappy relations
toward each other, in a manner entirely
satisfactory to the government, and in ac
cordance with the views and the policy
which it had maintained.
The tribunal which had convened in
Geneva in December, concluded its labo
rious session' on the 14th day of Septem
ber, on which day having availed itself of
the discretionary power given it by the
treaty, to award a sum in pets, it made
its decision whereby it awarded the sum
of $15,500,000 in gold as the indemnity
to be paid by Great Britain to the United
States for the satisfaction of all the claims
referred to its consideration. This deci
sion happily disposes of a long-standing
differen - a between the two governments,
and in connection with another award
made by the German Emperor under a
reference to him by the same treaty, leaves
these two governments without a shad
ow upon their friendly relations, which
it is my sincere hope may forever remain
equally unclouded. The report of the
anent of the United States appointed to
attend the Geneva tribunal, accompanied
by the protocols of the proceedings of the
arbitrators, the arguments of the Conn
' sr{ of both governments, the awari of
the tribunal, and the opinions given by
the several arbitrators is transmitted here
-with. I have caused to be communicat
'ed to the heads of the three friendly
powers who complied with the. requests
made to them under the treaty, the thanks
of this government for the appointment
of arbitrators made by them respectively.
and also my thanks to the eminent per
sonages named by them, and my appro
bation of the dignity, patriotic imparti
ality and great ability with which they
discharged their ardnons and high func
tions. Her majesty's government has
communicated to me its appreciation by
her majesty of the ability and indefati
gable industry displayed by Mr, Adams.
the arbitrator named on the part of this
government, during the protracted inqni•
, ries and discussions of the tribil- al.
=3l
cordially unite with her majesty in this
appreciation.
It is due to the agent of the United
States before the tribunal, to record my
high appreciation of the marked _ability,
unwearied patience and the prudence and
diegtion with which he has conducted
the very responsible and delicate duties
committed to him. as it is also due to the
learned and eminent council who attend
ed the tribunal on the part of this gov
ernment, to express my sense of the tal
ent and wisdom which they brought to
bear on the attainment of the results so
happily reached. It will be the province
of Congress to provide for the distribu
tion among those who may he entitled to
it of their respective shares of the Money
to be paid. although the suin n Xv i,the, 4lar ed is
not payable until a year fro ' t ate of
the award— It is deer - advisable that
mano time be lost in a ing4roper exam
ination of the several cas. in which in
demnification mar be due ; I consequent
ly recommend the_creation of a board of
commissioners -fa the purpose.
2 E SAN JUAN ISOUNDAIVE.
By th h'rty-fourth article of the trea
tyll4 of. VI iogton, the respective claims
of the United States and of Great Brit
ain in their construction of the treaty of
the Isth of June, 18 , 16, defining the boun
dary line between their respective territo
ries .were shbmitted to the arbitration and
:sward of his Majesty the Emperor of
Germany to decide which of these claims
is most in accordance With the true inter
pretation of the truty of 1846. His
Majesty the Emperor of Germany. having
been pleased to undertake the arbitration
has the earnest thanks of this govern
ment and of the people of the United
States for the labor, pains. and care which
he has devoted to the consideration of this
long-pending difference. f have caused
an expression of m.ythanks to be com
municated to his majesty, Mr. Bancroft.
the representative of this government or
Berlin. a-inducted the case and prepared
the statement on the part of the United
Siete* with the 'ability his past serviees
justified the public! to expecting at his
bands. Asa member of the cabinet at
the date of the treaty which has given
rise to the ditto:shin between the two
governments, as the minister to Great
Britain 'when the orMstraction was pro
nounced unfounded-was first advanced.
and "as , the agent and representative /if
the gov . ernment to peasant the. ease - and
t o receive the sward, he has been ossnei
atoll with. the questiorkin phases.
and in way gaga he usanifeidad a pat*
ads vial sod tartelowsis tedalistaft
MONTROSE, PA., WEDNESDAY DECEMBER ~ 11, 1872-.
of the claim of the United States. lie
is entitled to much credit for the success
which hasatteuded the submission. After
a patient investigation of the case,. and
of the statements of each party, his ma
jesty, the Emperor, on the 21st day of
October lust, signed his award in writing,
decreeing that the claim of the United
States that the boundary line between
the territories of her Britanio Majesty
atd the United States should be drawn
through Haro channel is most in accor
dance with the true interpretation of the
treaty concluded on the 15th of June,
1846, between the governments of her
Britanic Majesty and the United States.
Copies of the case presented on behalf of
each government, and of the settlement
in reply of each, and a translation of the
award are transmitted herewith. This
award confirms the United States in their
claim eo the important archipeligo pf is
lands lying between the continent and
Vancouver's islands, which for more than
twenty-six years, ever since the ratifica
tion of the treaty, Great Britain has con
tested, and leaves us for the Brat time in
the history of the United States as a na
tion, without a question of disputed boon=
dairy between our territory and the pos
sessions of Great Britain on this conti
nent. It is my grateful duty to acknowl
edge the prompt, spontaneous action of
her majesty's government in giving effect
to the award in anticipation of any re
questlrom this government, and before
the reception in the United States of the
award signed by the Emperor, her majes
ty had given instructions for the removal
of her troops which had been stationed
there, and for the cession of all exercise
of claims or claim of jurisdiction, so as to
leave the United states in the execntiv •
possession of the lately disputed terri
tory.
I am gratified to be able to announce
that the orders for the removal of the
troops have been executed, and that the
military point of occupation of San Juan
ceased. The islands are now in the
executive possession of the United States.
It now becomes necessary to complete
the survey and determination of that por
tion of the boundary line through the
}faro channel upon which the commis
sion which determined the remaining
part of the line were unable to agrez , ..
recommend the appointment of a com
mission to act jointly with one which may
be named by her majesty for that purpose.
Experience of the difficulties attending
the determination of our admitted line of
boundary. after the occupation of the ter
ritory and its settlement by those owing
allegiance to the respective governments.
points to the importance of establishing
by natural objects or other Monuments
the actual line between the territory ac
quired by purchase from Russia and th. ,
adjoining possession of her Britanic maj
esty. The region is now so sparsely oc
cupied that no conflicting interest of in
dividuals or of jurisdiction are likely to
interfere to the delay or embarrasment of
the nctuat location ut the line. If deferr
ed till population shall enter and occupy
the territory some trivial contest of neigh
bors may again array the two governments
in antagonism. I therefore recommend
the appointment of a commissioner to act
jointly with one that may be appointed on
the part of Great Britain to determine the
line between our territory of Alaska and
the extensive possessiUns of Great Bri
tain. -
In my last annual mevage I recom
mended the legislation necessary on the
part of the United States to bring into
, Teration the articles of the treaty of
Washington of May 8, 1871, relating to
the fisheriei and to other matter touch
ing the relations of the United States
toward the British North American pos
sessions to become operative so' soon as
the proper legislation should be had on
the part of Great Britain and its posses
sions. That -legislation on the part of
Great Britain and its possessions had not
then been bud. and during the session of
congress a question was raised, which
for the time raised a doubt whether any
action by congress in the direction indi
cated would bec , ime important. This
question has since been distrised of, and
1 have received notice that the imperial
parliament and other legislatures of the
provincial government have passed laws
to carry the provisions of the treaty on
the matters referred to into operation. I
therefore recommend your early adoption
of legislation in the same direction nec
essary on the part of this government.
The joint commission fur determining
the boundary line between the United
States and British possessions, between
Lake of the Woods and the Rocky moun
tains, has organized and entered anon its
work. It is desirable that the fume be
increased in ordemhat the completion of
the survey and the determination of the
line muy be the sosmer attained. To this
end I recomm-nid that sufficient appro
priation be made.
Slue my last annual message the ex
change bas been made of the ratifications
of a treaty .with the Austro-ffungarian
empire, relating to naturalizati ; also of
is treaty with the German empire, respect
ing consols and trademarks; also of a
treaty with Sweeden and Norway, relat
ing to naturalization, all of which treaties
have been duly proclaimed.
Congress at its last session having made
an appropriation to defray the expecses
of commissioners on the part of the Unit
ed States to the international statistical
congress at St. Petersburg, the persons
appointed in that character proceeded to
their destination and attended the sessions
of the congress'. Their report shall in
due $OllB3ll be laid before yon. This con
gress meets at Intervals of about three,
years, and has held its sessions in several
of the countries of Europe. I submit to
consideration the propriety of extending
an invitation to the conveits to hold its
next meeting in the United States. The
centennial celebration to be held in 1876
would afford an appropriate occasion for
such meeting.
Preparations are making for the inter
national exposition to be held .during the
next year in Vienna on a scale of very
great magnitude. The tendency of these
expositions is in the direction of advanc
ed civilization, and of the elevation of in
dustry. and Of labor; and of the inertibse
of Milian happinesses well as of greater
latireparOs good between asks
As this exposition is to be the first which
will have been held in eastern Europe it
is believed that American inventors and
manufacturers will be ready to avail them
selves of the opportumty for the presen
tation of their productions, if encouraged
byrproper aid and protection. At the
lag session of congress anthority was giv
en for the appointment of one or more
agents to represent this government at
the exposition. The authority thus given
has been exercised but in the absence of
any appropriation there is danger that the
important benefits which the occasion
offers will be in a large degree lost to the
citizens of the United States. I recom
mend the subject strongly to your con
sideration, and recommend that an ade
quate approp:iation be made for the pur
pose. To further aid Arrierican exhibit
ors at. the Vienna exposition I would re
commend iu addition es an appropriation
of money that the secretary of the navy
be authorized to fit up two naval vessels
to transport between our Atlantic cities
and Trie te, or the most convenient point
to Vienna and back their articles for ex
hibition.
OTIR RELATIONS WITII MEXICO
Since your last se Isiu.2 the President of
the Mexican republic, distinguished by
his high character and by his serviee to
his country, has died. His temporary
successor has been elected with great un
animity by the people; a proof of con
fidence on their part in his patriotism
and wisdom, which it is believed will be
confirmed by the results of his adminis
tration. It is particularly desirable that
nothing should be left undone by the
government of either of the republics to
,strengthen their relatitma aa neighbors
and friends. It is much to be reg-etted
that many lawless acts continue to dis
turb the quiet of the settlement on the
border between our territory and that of '
Mexico, that complaints of wrongs to
American citizens in various parts .of the
country are made. The revolutionary
condition in which the neighboring re•
public has so long been involved, has in
some degree contributed to this distur
bance. It is to be hoped that with a more
settled role of order through the republic
which may be expected from the present
government, the acts of which just com
plaint is made, will cease. The procee
dings of the commissioner under the con
vention with Mexico, of the 4th of July
1868, on subject claims,bave unfortunate
ly been checked by an obstacle for the re
moval of which measured have been ta
ken by the two gostrnments, which, it is
believed, will prove successful. The com
missioners appointed pursuant to the joint
resolution of congress, of May lust, to in
quire into the depredations on the Texas
frontier, have diliigently made iuvestiga
, Lion in that quarter. Theirreport upon the
subject will he communicated to you.
Their researches upon the subject were
necessarily incomplete, partly on account.
of the limited appropriation made by
congrest. Mexico, on the part of that
government, has appointed a similar com
mittee to investigate these outrages. It
is nut announced officially, but the press
of that country state that the fullest in
vestigation is desired and that the co .op
elution of all parties concerned is invited
to secure that end. I therefore recom
mend that a special appropriations be made
at the curliest day practicable to enable
the commissioners on the part of the
United States to return to their labors
without delay.
THE CONDITION OF CUBA
It is with regret that I have again to
announce a continuance of the disturbed
condition of the Wand of Cuba. No ad
vance toward the pacification of the dis
contented part of the population has been
made. While the insurrection has gained
no advantages and exhibits no more of
elements of power or of prospects of ul
timate success than were ethibited a yea?
ago, Spain, on the other hand, has not
succeeded in its repression, and the par
ties stand apparently in the same relative
attitude which they have occupied for a
long time patt. 'This contest has lasted
now for more than four years. Were it
seen at a distance from our neighborhood
we might be ipdifferent to its result, al
though humanity could not be unmoved
by many of its incidents wherever they
might occur. It is. however. at our door.
I cannot doubt that the continued main
tenance of slavery in Cuba is among the
strongest inducements to the continuance
of this strife. A terrible wrong is the nat
ural cause of a terrible evil. Tne aboli
tion of slavery and the introduction of
other reforms in the .adminietration of
the government in Cuba Could not fail to
advance the restoration of peace and or
der. It is greatly to be hoped that the
present liberal government of Spain will
adopt this view. The law of emancipa•
tints, which was passed more than two
yeasr since, has remained nnexecuted •io
the absence of regulation for its enforce
ment. It was but a feeble sten toward
emancipation, but it was the recognition
of right and was hailed as such, and ex.
hibited Spain in harmony with the send
menta of humanity and of- justiee,ttnd in
sympathy with other powers of the chris•
don and civilized world. Within the first
few weeks the regulations for carrying out
the law of emancipation have been an
nounced, giving evidence of the sincerity
of the present government to carry into
effect the law of 1870. I have not failed
to urge the consideration of wisdom in
the policy and the justice of a more effec
tive system for the abolition of a great
evil which oppresses a. relic and continues
a bloody and destructive contest close to
our border, as well as the expediency and
the justice of conceding reforms of which
the propriety is not_ questioned. I air(
deeply impressed with the conviction that
the continuance of slavery is one of the
most active cause of the continuance of
the unhappy condition of Cuba. I regret
to believe that citizietiart-of the United
States. or those claiming to be snoh, are
large holders in Cnba of • what is there
claimed as property, hnt which is forbid
den and denounced by the laws of the
United Stake. They are thus, in defi
ance of the spirit of our own laws, con
tributing to the continuance of this die
tressing.and sickening contest In my
last annual message I referred to this sub
ject, and I again recommend such legisla
tion of zpsy 1:19 prop: to denottaft ado it
qIM 1
,
not prevent, atleast to discourage-Ameri
can citizens from holding or dealing in
slaves.
11: 130 . 1;711 AMERICAN raPradscs,
And it is gratifying to announce that
ratifications of the convention concluded
under the auspices of the government be
tween Spain on the one part and the al:
lied republics of the Pacific on the other,
providing for an armistice, have been ex
changed. A copy of the instrument is
herewith submitted. It is hoped that thin
may be followed by permanent yoesce be
tween the same parties. The differences
which at one time threatened the mainte
nance of peace between Brazil and the
Argentine Republic it is hoped are in the
way of satisfactory adjustment With
these states, as with the republics of Cen
tral and South America, they continue to
maintain the most friendly relations. It
is with regret, however, I announce that
the government of Venezuela has made
no further payment of the awards under
the convention of the 25th of April,
1866. That republic is understood to be
now almost, if not quite, tranquilized.
its to be hoped therefore that it will lose
no time in providing for the unpaid bal
ance of its debts to the Tinited States,
which, having originated in injuries to
our citizens by Venetuel inn au thorties,and
having been acknowledged pursuant to a
treaty in the most solemn form known
among nations, would seem to deserve a
preference over debts of different origin
and contracted in a different manner.
This subject is again recommended to
the attention of congress, for such action
as may be deemed proper.
RELATION'S WITH JAPAN AND CHINA.
Our treaty relation with Japan remain
unchanged. An imposing embassy from
that interesting and progressive nation
visited this country daring the year that
is passing, but being unprovided with
powers for the signing of a convention in
this country no conclusion in that direc
tion was reached. It is hoped, however.
that interchange of opinions which took
place during their stay in this country
has led tteniutual appreciation of the in
terest which may be promoted. Whin
the revision of the existing treaty shall be
undertaken in this connection I renew my
recommendation of one year ago, that to
give importance and tc add to the efficien
cy of our diplomatic relations with Japan
and China. and to further aid in retain-
iug the good opinion of those people and
to secure to the United States its share of
the commerce destined to flow 'between
those nations and the balance of the com
mercial world, an appropriation be made
to support at least four American youths
in each of these countries, to serve as a
part of the official family of our ministers
there. Our representatives would not ev
en then be placed upon an equality with
the representation of Great Britain or of
some other powers. As now situated our
representatives in Japan and China have
to depend for interpreters and translators
unon natives of those countries, who know
our language imperfectly or procure for
the occasion the services of employees in
foreign business houses, or the interpret
er to other foreign ministers.
I renew the recommendation made on
a previous occasion of the transfer to the
department of the interior, to which these
seem more appropriately to belong, of all
the rowees and duties in relation to the
territories with which the department of
state is now charged by law or custom.
Congress from the beginning,. of the
I government has wisely made provision for
1 the relief of distressed seamen in foreign
countries. No similar provision, however
has hitherto been made for the relief of
citizens in distress abroad other than sea
men. It is understood to be customary
with other governments to authorize con
suls to extend such relief to their citizens
or subjects in certain cases. A similar
authority and an appropriation to carry
it - into effect are commended in case of
citizens of the United States destitute or
sick. Under such circumstances it is well
known that such citizens resort to foreign
countries in great numbers. Though
most of them are able to bear the: expen
ses incident to locomotion, there are some
who through accident or otherwise be
come penniless and have no friends at
home able to succor them. Persons in
this situation must either perish, cast
them Selves upon the charity of foreigners
or be relieved at the private charge of our
own officers, who, even with their most
benevolent dispositions, have nothing to
spare for such purposes. Sonia the au
thority and appropriation asked for be
granted. care will be taken to cart' the be
neficience of congress into effect that it
shall not be necessarily or unworthily be
stowed.
TUE TB, ESIIIIY
The moneys received and converted in
to the treasury during the fiscal yearend
ing June 80, 1872, were: From customs.
$216,370,287.77 ; from sales of pnlic lands
$2,575,714.14; from internal revenue,
8130,642,167,52; from tax on national
bank circulation, etc., 8652,339,539: from
Pacific railroad companies, 8739.861.87,
from customs, fines, etc., 81,136,432.34;
from fees, consular, patent land, etc., 82,-
184,095.92; from miscellaneous sources,
$4,412.254.71; total ordinary receipts,
$364,594,229.91:fr0m premium on sales of
coin, $94,412,737.65; total •net receipts,
$374,106,867.56; balance in treasury June
10,1871, $109,935,705.59, including. una
vailable; total available cash, 8484,042,-
573.15.
The net expenditures by warrants dur
ing the same period were : For civil' ex
penses, 818,189,059.20;.f0r foreign inter
course,
11,839,369.15; Indians 87,081,-
721;1.82; pensions, 828,533,402:74 for mill
tory establiShment, including fortifica
tions, river and harbor improvement, and
arsenals, $35,372,157.20; for naval estab
lishments, including vessels and machin
ery, and improvements at navy 'yard, 121,
249,809.99: for miscellaneous mvil,includ
ing public buildings, light houses and
collecting the revenue, 8542,958,329.08;
interest on the public debt, 8117;313,839-
.72; totalroxeltunve of principal and prem
ium on the public debt, $270,559,695,91;
for premium on bonds purchased, 86,-
958,.266.78; for redemption of the public
debt, $99,960,253-54; total, - $108,918,530,-
30; total net disbursementin77,47B,ll.B,.
11; baloney* in the treasury: Xune 30.1872,
siosom t aiseA t0ta1,•01043,07940.
VOLVMEXXIXINUMBERO.
,
From -the foregoing statement it tgOtel
that the net re:ideal) of the principal
the debt during the fiscal "year ending
June 30,1870 ' was 898,960,258.54. The
source of thisreduction Was follows: Net
ordinary receipts during the year, 3362,-
894,229.91; net ordiuhry expenditures,in
eluding interest on the publiqjlebt,B27o,-
09,695.91; - total, 8941,147,340; add
amount received from premium on sales
of gold in excess of the premium paid on
bonds purchased; 8245,08,081 Add the
amount of the reduction of the sash bal
ance at the close of the year,pcompanied
with same at the commencement of the
veer, $3,371,848.65; total. 89,998,028,854.
This statement treats solely of the princi
pal of the public debt. By the monthly
statement of the public debt, which adds
together the principal, interest due and
unpaid, and interest accrued to date, not
due, and deducts the cash in the treasury
as ascertained on the day of publication.
The reduction was 8100,544,91.28. The
source of thus redaction is as follows: Re
duction in principal acc0unt,1199,960',0ti3.-
64; reduction in unpaid interest account,
$3,330,952:98; t0ta1,8101,290,956.50 ; re
duction in cash on hand, $2,746,485 22;
total, $100,544,491 28. On the basis of
the last table the statements show a re
duction of the public debt from the first
of March, 1869, to the present time us
follows:
From March Ist, 1869, to March let,
1870, 1187,134,782 84 ; from March Ist,
1870, to March let, 1871, 8117,619,630.26;
from March let, 1871, to March let, 1872
894,895,346.94; from March lst, 1872, to
November let, 1872, (eight months,) $64,-
047,237.84. Total, 8363,690,999.87.
Alt- with the great reduction of taxa
tion by the acts of Congress last session,
the expenditure of thegovernment in
collecting the revenue will be much re
dnoed for the next decal year. It is very
doubtful, however, whether so vexat,ous
a burthen upon any people will be prac
ticable for the present at all, even as a
measure of justice to - the holders of the
nation's certificates of indebtedness.
would recommend that no more legisla
tion be had on this subject, unless it be
to correct errors of omission or commis
sion in the present law until sufficient
time has elapsed to. prove that it can be
done, and shall leave sufficient reveuue to
meet the current expenses of the govern
merit, pa.) , the interest on - the public debt
arid provide for-the sinking fund estab
lished by law. The preservation of our
national credit is of the highest impor
tance. Next in impoitance to this comes
a solemn duty to provide a note currency
of fixed unvarying value as . compared
with gold, and as soon as practicable,
having due regard for the interests of the
debtor class, and the vicissitudes of trade
and commerce—convertible into gold at
par-
The report of the secretary of the war
department shows the expenses of that
department for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1871, to be 825,799,991.82, and for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1872, to be
835,372,157.20, showing a redaction in
favor of the last year of 8432,834.62.
The estimates for military appropriations
for the next fiscal year ending June 30,
1873, are 833,801,378.78,
The estimate of the chief engineers
are submitted separatily for fortification,
public buildings and Rounds, and the
Washington accfneduck -
The affairs of the freedmen's bureau
have all been transferred to the war de
partment and regulations have been put
into execution for the speedy payment of
bounty, pay, etc., din the colored soldiers
properly coming under that bateau. .
All war accounts for money and prop
erty prior to 1871 have been examined
and transmitted to the treasury for final
settlement. During the fiscal year there
have IN en paid for transportation on rail
roads $1,860,000, of which $300,857 was
over the Pacific railroad. For transpor
tation by water, *626,373.52. and by stage
$48,975.84, and for the purchase of trans
portation animals, wagons, hire of team
sters, etc., 1924,650.64. About *70,000
have been collected from Southern mil
roads daring the year, leaving about $4,-
000,000 still due.
The quartermaster has examined and
transmitted to the accounting officers for
settlement *367,172.72 of claims by loyal
citizens for quartermasters' stores during
the war. Subsistence supplies to the
amount of $890,048.12 have been issued
to the Indians.
The annual average mean strength of
the army up to date is 24,101 white and
- 2,464 colored soldiers. The total deaths
for the year reported were 367 white, and
54 colored. •
The distribution of the medifti and
surgical history of the war is yet to be
ordered by' Congress. There exists an
absolute necessity for a Medical corps of
the full number, established by act of
Congress of July 28, 1866, there being
now fifty-nine vacancies, and the number
of successful candidates rarely exceed
eight or ten in any one year.
The ricer and harbor improvements
have been carried on with energy and
economy though many are only partial
ly completed, and the rehabs have saved
to commerce many times the amount ex
pended, the increase of - commerce, with
greater depth of channels, greater securi
ty in navigation, and the saving, of time,
adds millions to the wealth of the coun
try, and increases the resources of the
government. •
The bridge across the Mississippi river
at Rock Island has been' completed, and
the proper site has been determined upon
for the bridge . at La Crosse. The able
and exhaustive report made by the com
missioner appointed to investigate the
Sutro tunnel, has been transmitted to
Congress.
The observations and reports of the
signal office' tuive , been continued, and
stations have been maintained at each of
the, principal lake, seaport and river cit
ies. Ten additional stations bave . been
established in the United Statek, and ar
rangements have-been made for an ex
change of reports with Canada, and a
similar exchange of observations is al
to contemplated with the West India Is
lands.
, The favorable attention of -congress is
-invited to the followiog, recominendations
of Sebretary of War. - ,
. '4.44600114$10: 1 0 thil*PPOPPlgenit
of Cites lieutenants to servo As adjutants
And quartermasters. The adoption of a
collc.providing specific penalties; for well
defined ailment, so that the inequality of
sentences adjudled by courts Medial may
be adjusted. Thirconeolidatithi of ac
counts under which expenditures are
made as a measure of economy. A reap--
propriation of the money for the construe- •
tion of a depot atSan.Autonio, the title
of the site being now perfected. A. rpm
lel act placing the cemetery at the city of ,
Mexico, on the same basis as other-na
tional cemeteries; authariq to purchase
*sites far military posts in Texas; the ap
opointanent of commissary sergeants from
non commissioned officers as a measure
for securing the better care and protec
tion of supplies; an appropriation for the
publication of the catalogue and table of
the anatomical section of the army medi
cal museum ; reappropriation of the
amount for the manufacture of breech
loading arms; should the selection be se
delayed by the board of iffilcers as to leave
the former apfiropriatiot unexpended at
the close of the fiscal pear,the sale of inch
arsenals east of the Mississippi as can be
spared and the proceeds applied to the es
tablishment of one large _ arsenal of con
struction and repair upon the Atlantic
coast and the purchase - ors suitable site
for a proving and experimental • ground
for heavy ordinance. The abrogation of
laws which deprive inventors in the Uni
ted States service from deriving say ben
•efit from their inventions. The repeal of
the law prohibiting promotions en the
staff corps; a continuance of the work
upon coast defences; the repeal' of the
seventh section of the act at July 13,
1888, taking from engineers soldiers .the
per diem eranted to other troops; a limi
tation of time for the presentation of old
war claims for subsistence supplies under
the act of July 4, 1864, and- a modifica
tion in the mode of the selection of cadets
for the military academy in order to en
hance the usefulness of the academy.
which is impaired by reason of the largo
amount of time necessarily expended in
giving new cadets a thorough knowledge
of the more elementary branches -of
learning, which they should acquire be
fore entering the academy. Also, an Ap
propriation for philosophical apparatus.
and an increase in the numberr and pay
of the military academy baud.
The attention of congress will be called
for the more certain and cheaper trans
portation of the constantly increasing
surplus of western and southern-prodacts
to the Atlantjoaeaboard."
The subject is one that will force itself
upon the legislative branch of thegovern
men t sooner or later, and I Bugged th at
immediate steps be aken tog= all avail
able information to insure equable and
est legislation.
THE GMAT BOOTHE=
The route to connect theMisslispplval
ley with the Atlantic ocean at Charles
ton, South Carolina, and Savailnah,Geor.
gia, by water, by' he way of the Ohio and
Tennessee rivers and canals and slack
water to the Savannah and Ocmulgee
rivers has been \ Burveyed, and a repbrt
made by an accomplished engineer officer
of the army. The second and third new
roues will be prepared for the considera
tion of congress,namely, by an extension
of the-Chesapeake and Ohio canal. .I am
not prepared to recommend- government
aid to these or other enterprises until it is
already . shown they are not only of s na
tional interest,.-but when completed they
will be of a value commensurate with
their cost.
That production increases more rapid
ly than the means of transportation in
our °wintry has been demonstrated by
past experience that the unprecedented
growth in population and products of the
whole country will , require-additional fac
ilities and cheaper ones for• the more
bulky articles of commerce to reach tide
water, and a market will be demanded iii
the near future is equally demonstrated.
I would therefore suggest either, a com
mittee or- commission be authorized to
consider this whole question and to report
to congress at some future day for its bet
ter guidance in legislatingon this impor
taut subject. Railroads of the country have
been rapidly extended during the last few
years to meet the growing demands of
production, and reflect much credit upon
erpitalists and managers engaged. In
addition to these, a project to facilitate
commerce by the building of a ship canal
around Nitigra falls, on the United States
side, which has been agitated for many
years. will no doubt be called to your at
tention at this session. Looking to the
great future growth of country, and-in
creasing demands of commerce, it might
be well while on this subject to only to
have examined and reported upon the
various practicable routes for connectibg
the Mississippi with tide water on the '
Mantic, but the !feasibility . of an almost
continuous land locked navigation from
Maine to the Gulf of Mexico. Such a
route along our coast would be of great
value at all times, and of inestimable value
in case of a foreign war. Nature has
provided the greater par's of this rout.
and the obstacles to be overcome are easi
ly within the skill of the engineer. I
bare not alluded to this subject with the
view of having any further expenditure
of public money at this time than may
bo necessary to procure and place all the
necessary information before congress in
an authentic form to enable It hereafter,
if deemed practicable and worthy. to leg
islate on the subject without delay. -
The report of the Secretary of.the Na
vy, herewith accompanying, explains fol
ly the condition of that branch of the
publio service—its wants and deficiencies,
expenses incurred dnring the past year
and appropriations for the laMe. : It also
gives a complete history of the &vices
of the navy for the peat year in addition
to its regular Berries, . It is evident that
unless early stepS.are taken to Preserve
our navy that in - a very few years the
United States will be-the weakest nation
upon the ocean of. 01 the great powerr.
Witli an energetic and progressive busi
ness-people like ours, penetrating and
firming business relations with every part
of the known world, a :my ,str;l3,l
enough to command the respect of one
flag abroad is neccsaary Air the hilt pro
tection of their rights. I would therefore
recommend careful consideration bi coa
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