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" . '.-: '-`li ,. .',' .:.;;',i7 . ..'''.2, - . , '',.l rt ; . , Cf •- it', - . ';' • . ~ i ,.' i 1.7. ..' .., : -; ; , . f., ' ---' -:-?._ ..
,-•
4.0 ;If ,
. vMaIIEAWLE2 , O - Trpgrietor. •
.ppintoo gado.
. .
E.,B&LDWIN,
*Troaliiiindeimrezt.o774..T.i.mr, Great Deid; Penn
sylvania. . Zair.
-11.;•.L. BALDWIN, •
ATTOIINET, AT LON Montrose, Po. OMee with isAta
•
E. Carman, Meq.
Montrose, August -.
'- •0,
'Amnia & LIME.
. .
Attoineis at Lair. oMee •Xo. ^3i tacaavranna Maine.
PS:- . Practina In alao ,anyeral .Conne of .Ln..
Barna and ensochanna Conn Ons.
-p. E. Loons: r -• • • virtt, - * Lox.
Octant", Eleptz • ; ,
. .
;; ; - •: : W. 1. c 11065 1110 N.
4 11ttonser It intr. Often at the Ctort -eons., In the
Commissioner's °Mee. NV A. Cnossmon.
Montrose, Sept. Gth.ll37l,—AL
McKstaxia. , C. C. a.uscr.
I!IcKENZIE, & PAUROT. ,
eiders In Dry Goods, Clothing,
Ladles and Misses
Ise Stms. Moo, sgents for the great American
TO 4,0 Coffee Company. (Montrose. Pa, spa ,":0,
DS ~Yr W. EMETIC • • " "
RoOnts at his threlllns . .. emit door cart of the
ltopublleass prhatfug office. Office hours frees 9 a.. mt.
10 4 P.N., Montrose, May'S,
Tee lIARBER--IIIi! lint nail
pbs.ley Mares is the barber, who can share your face to
erder• Cuts brown, black and drizzley hair, In • his
once. jest op stairs. There you will dod 'Ulna, over
cere's store,below l'Actiencivai—Just one door.
Montrose, Jane 70871.-1 f C. MOM:M.
S. B. & A. 11. IIcCOLLICTII,
Ormutiti , it Law Mike over the Bank, Montrose
- Montanve,May,lo. 1574. z• tr
DR. D. A. 'LATHROP.
Was maned an' offlco. at the font of Cboatant Med, DeAr
tbaVattitals Comb, - where be tan bo comulted ej all
times.
Ilostrase. Apr 11111.1871: ly
J. D. PAIL,
Fetr.rillaCPHY l jlC l / 1 21 • .14.1V1 SlNtlitOtt. En permanently
ed himself in Illontrose,Pa., when he will ptoript
iy intend So on MILS IEI his professkrn with which he may
he Mewed. Orden and residence west of the Cigirt
Haase, near Fitch & Wa nnee alto.
Montrose, Sabra:try a,1671.
LAW OFFICE* ..
PITL'It It WATSON, Attarceys at Law,atjhe CO office
of Bentley S Fitch, Vonts-aae. Pa.
L. P. [Jan. ti. '7LE v. v. eraTscrs.
cn.timEs N. STODDAUD.
Resler In Boots and Shots, Hat/Sad Caps.tentbrr and
d
rindlnzs, Main Street., I. 'door below Boyd's Store.
Work mole to order, nod =Nixing done non.BY. • -
Molar/an, Jam 1,1970.
LITTLES BLAUESLEE,
Attorneys end con,ctellora et Li.. Office the one
berctotore Ix:et:pled by U O. ,t G. P. Little, on Male
etseet. Alontrove. Pa. (April Mt.
4.ITTLE.. 020. C. LITILX. 7. L. ILIiAtIZEL
ILNOLL,
SHAVING AND ILAIR DBESSOiO.
Wisp to the new Partonlee handing, where he wil
be round , rra.ly to attend all who may want anribin
In%le line. Montrone: Pa. Oct. IL 1660.
0. ZIAIVtLEY,
Hardware. DRY GOODS, GRO6ERIES. CROCKERY
riots, Coo!, Tkx,T ',Shoes, Rende ?Side Cloth
• Wl'. rathte, Oth. etc.. New 311Iforth ISept..ll.,
DR. 6. W. DAYTON,
rIITSTCIA7.4 S SiTIIGEGX; lender. bla service* le
Arta citizens of Great llend and vt,lnlty. Wilke at his
residence, npnoolte itarnain Ilonse, Bend village•
Sept. lat. t
.I.I4ORSZEY ' A. LA*:flortotT,ltark rerisibrl
acrd Rive an Clatro• attended to. (Mee er
ear below Tlayd's Store, Stoat rorr.Pn. (A{a. 1. 'GS
31. C. strsToN, •
Auctioneer,' And Insurance 'Agent,
mil est! Fricudvalle, Pa.
C.- S. GILISIEUT,
la. /A. 11.1.143ti0rt..2 ,01 ".
ant c9tf Great, nand, Pa.
A3l I ELT,
14. .46.12.crticsis.
Asm. 1. 1,59. Address. Ilronlyti, Ps
•
• cnovEs
, •
FIS4IIIO7NAMEMAI/OR..:llontrore. ka. Chirp over
Chandler's Store. AP orders dllettln Arst.., nue aryle.
.:ardor done on short notlcc, and .warranted to !IL
:ups= AND CDAIII MANDTACTURERS.—Pont
,•ot YAM sired. NcAtrose, Pe.. • 1514.4. DAM
• . 11. BEILIIIITT,
PICALEnIn Staple and Piney Dry Goods, Crockery
hardware. Iron. Stmees, Dfa ta, Oila.and Paints
hootaand Stmee c os it Cape. Furl. Ildhalajtobea
aroenTICI.PCO Ti , s
Ne Mord. Pa.- -
pros ,:azio: Lira .rxcalacce ACZATA.t wr
basioessattendedtopnuaptly.onfolr ;cans. Otte*
first doornotthof •Kontrose uI,H west •}dlow
YablleAwenut. Montrose. Pa; Ems.l,lBElk.
SWaisiis Ssioet.' —* BBOVna.
2.01P0L TURBELL,
pail** - Patent: 31edlcines, , Chemicals
Adquqws:Palnta,Gils,Dyn Stutri. yunisher, Win sr
eils”, _Groceries, Glass Ware; Wall and Window Pa,
pur;Sionamare, Lamps, gc , roscre, Machinery Oils.
Mmes.: Guns, -Ammunition, Knives, Spectacles
• Prushes.Paney , Gends, Jewelry, Parra ..vry„
"Oiled Noe (tribe •.zuost .numerotts, extensive. and
realnahle collections of Gondola Susquehanna Co.—
"Xstaibliehed In 1813. - plontrose.'lll.
1)i .
W:S I4 AXt.
- ••
Air 'LAW. „office occr the - Stareof A.
'Lathrop, to the Brick Block, Montrose, Pa: • rantso
Ds: w.
8781:CW(t fiLTRGEON. tenders 6ii 'proterelons
-lard to the .e.ltlsems.of Montrose andlidnlty.
0171 e• it hfisrusidence, oaths coiner cute Sayre
Itros.Foandry.-
tAng. 1, lea.
• ; ADD. E..E4 GARDNER;
lIIISIOLer and Sl/31GEO:f. Montrose. Pa. Glees
especial attention to diseases of twenairt and
Lungs Boa r dsorelea l .dlseases. pfdee over W. a.
Dcas.ssrfietrio'epotel...:•'[avga..
BURNS &
,DroppE!'sLa to ,Atediciiiits, Cbenlicnlo, -
et 4111, Vnlnltibllsi Varnish. Litincink,Spices. Fancy
art.twit,l'Atent Medicines.csinmery and TolletAr
jlittee: crr I're eptioni earcfally notatoonntled.—
: Avennc,sbove natules llotel.Moatrose, Pa
4kr, D. 110, 4". '- • • - Nicacria.
-
_ . _
11:11N1' 1111.0T111 ;11k • •
.41.t.47.,H rf 7 7 , 7 1 3 0 n &ST°N eX . A.
. : IVh ol Fsale 1_344 Maki* n . •
.
•
STEEL, . •
ShOVET-A
FUILDEWS; ,H4lll3)Wiltg,
tizaIiZAA;CODNTERAORK&T BAILBPIERe
RAILROAD & ALINLYCLAUPPLINE.
.C.AirRIAOR SPRINGS. • &ILEA, DEEMS ANL
BOLTS. NUTS and iVddyeAl. •
PLATSD.BANDS. RALLSAR 2C
_ IRONS, 220.85,8P011EA, • • .
• PELLOEB:BS.AT OPLVIILM,
, VICES, STOCES god DIES; BELLOWS
SL4ICES. 4Meata,. •
LAB AND
111 1 A I RPIANTA I I I 4SAT ENG
z _ CEMENT. ilein GitaNDSTO.IUS
___. •
TRIOCUWCADOW 431AASS.LEATIIE12&F)2111
' ' rattlt.llCall SCALES. • • • •
r Walton: garetitl. 1 1 363 , r, : • • ,
IIPROVIIO MUSD!
r4ivipans nogz.luararecTung:' '
GaINGEMME Sneed oat& dire Whee ,It
'
holds tbeGroat New Tork hate 'National Preml9ln/
, , dierftheOrtnt Ohio hlntletafrem, held at Irani
few, In sm. : . ~' -
,04 11. Ilemniylrenia, Maryland Elf Vl:rnin4 4tate
Thenearing Is e mide. compact icmoenil eatirely,fman
jhe drive wheels., and carload. In a neat toe: In the
bentre of the machine, oftectsiallreecnring it from grlt
duet.
'a nd TlN **Wen can be changed instantly' 06 a lu lei
speed jo Gnat third slower. without etol, yhtia p!, :.
y !c k, tu t u 'to had phiceeehd Ilea end hen
e i,
,De crating. apparane Is' perfect. S. - rue and Aye
t, ki l lye-I t ead, It Is beyond doubt the strongeo
whine 111 the world, 8.111 yen tan derid peon it, bean;
decay reiSahJe le 'win,. partlcidar:
'ldeettostaday S. 1871.--tf . , SAYRE BRCS
i‘EIMIT Conegf..Ar:nyillt. - Ps. For egg;
joites, 'arta; L. U. gaitsono, Sio, FreaMezd.
r.p.kpoElfra - AgssAnf.,
TUUZD VilitTAT; MESSA.III4 ISt GRANT.
tx-c, Dec. 411871.
To the Senate and House of .12epresenta
lives :addressing my - ` th i rdannual
message to the law-making branch of-the
Government, it is gratifyinglo be able to
state that during the past year success
has generally attended the effort to exe-,
Mite alllairs found upon the statutb to.
'rho policy has been not.to -.inquire into
the wisdom of the lam -already enacted,
but to learn their spirit and intent; And
to enforce them accordingly. ' -
The. past .year _has, under a wise Provi
dence, been one of general prosperity to
the dation.
It has, however been tltended with
more than usual chastisemente in the loss
of life-andrproparty. bretorm,and
+Chest. disasters - hallo served to call forth
the best elements of the human nature of
our country and to dovelope a friendship
for us on the pert of Foreign Nations,
which goes far totvard alleviating the die
stresses occasioned by the calamities. The ,
benevolent, who have so generously shar
ed their means with the victims of these
misfortunes, will reap their rewurd in the
consciousness of having.perfortned a noble
act and in deserving the grateful thanks
'of men,
women and children, whose suf
ferings they have relieved.
The relations of the United States with
foreign powers continue to be friendly : —
The year has been eventful in ,witnessing'
two great nations, spe.aking one language,
acting by peaceful arbitranowlispu s tesPf
long standing end liable atany time to
bring those nations into bloody. and hos
tile_
conflict. An example has thus •been
set which, if successful in its _final issue,'
may be followed by other civilized nations,
and finally bathe means of returning to
productive industry millions of men now
maintained to settle the disputes of- mi
tiens by the bayonet and the broadsword.
I transmit herewith a Cepy of the trea
ty alluded to, which has 'been concluded
since the adjournment of. Congress, with
lier.Brittantc liuji;sty, and ,a copy of, the
protocols of the conference of .the Vont ,
mistioners- by whom it was negotiated,—
This treaty proritleft methods ror adjust
ing the questions peudiii.„l„ . betweeti the !
two nations. :Various qaestions are to be
:adjusted by arbitration. 1
I recommend Congress, at an early (Lay,
to ,make the necessary provisions .fiar the i
tribunal at Geneva and for the seYer4l
Com Missions on the pari the linitaa 1
States, called for by the Treaty,.
esty the King of Italy, the President of
.the Swiss Centbileintion,and Ilis,)rojesty
the Fmperor of Brazil, love each consent
ed in the joint request of tiro - powers to
name an arbitrator for the' tribunal' et
Cteticr.c ----- r - fravcrlastt.,4 “cr .1..1 ti ES - ID`'
suitably expressed for the :readiness with
which the ;taut request has been complied
with, by the appointment of men of emi
nence and learning to these important
positions.
Ills Majesty, the emperor of Gerintiny,
has-been ph'4n4 to comply with the joint
request of the tweGovernmentaind has'
consented' to Fact as the arbitrator of the
disputed water boundary between the
'United States' and Great' Britain: The
contractingparties in the tritity.have un
dertaken to regard, as between themselves,
certain principles of public law for which
the- United States have contended- , from'
the commencement of their history.—'
They. have also agreed to bnng these prin
ciples to the knowledge of theother nraii
, time powers and to invite them to accede
to them, •-
Negotiations • are going- on as to the
form of -the note by which the' invitation
is to be extended to the other powers
I recommend the- legislation necessary
on the part.of therUnitedStiltati terbring
into-operation the articles .of the , treaty
relating to the fisheries and to - the: other
tnattets touching the relations of the
United States towards the British North
American Possessions to becomeoperative. ,
As the proper legislation shall be had. on '
the...part of Great Britian and its Posses
sions,
it is much to be desired , that, this
legislation may become co-operative before
the fishermen of the United States begin
to Make their arrangements for the com
ing 5615,00.
/ have addressitl. a communication, of
which a copy is transmitted to the Gover
nors of New York,_P'encsylvinia, Ohio,
Indiana, Michigan, Illinois and Wiscon
sin;
,urging upon the, governments,, of
these States respectively the necessary aC
tion on their parts to carry into , effect
object'of the article of the Treaty Which
contemplated the , use of the canals on
either Side, connected with the naViga- I
tion of the lakes and c river for . boulidarY,
'on"termi Of . equity. by the 'inhabitants' of
both conntnes: It is hoped that the itn
portance of the object and the benpfith to
flow therefroni,Will'secure'tlie - speedy
Koval and legislative sanction 'of the
titateliconeerncl.' •
iinew the'retientniendation foi an, ap
propriation for determining the tene' po
-salon of the forty-ninth parallel of Lai.
nide; wbero it forms the boundiT between
the United States and the . British Nardi
American Possessions,' between the Lake
of the Woods and the" summit of the
Rocky Ilonntaimr. The carly 'action"of
Congress - on the recommendation named,
would mit it in the power of tho War De
ertment to Agee a fordo in :the
ring the next :veer."''tun
xestiniptAen of-th - oAlpletitatin
letions. 'between France and Germany
have enabled me t4gips directions for the
withdrawal of• tl;) giotection extended to
Germans - in France by the - diplomatic
of the Atnited States in
that country. It is just to add- thnt -the
delicate duty of this protection= has been
performed by the'3linister and the Coa t
snl General at ?aria. and tho sarieneCon..
Buhl rti Fiance - tinder the sufervision`l of
the /atter, with great kindness as well. as
with prtillencer and: tact. • Their course
has recei,vpd. the commendation sir the
(Term= GoveFugmt, 9 - 7, has :wounded
go susceptibility of the French.
The governilent of: up' gamerct of
CkMany pontinnee to manifest afriendly
heApgpmards the trolled 'States, pit 4 a
decree to ham onite'with the :moderate
anal- *deb thit ••Gosernment
asamtains 14 its. relations 'with Asiatic
yoyiewp well as with the South
, .
PA., WPD1112;1) - 41( VECE*BER '13;1811...
can Republics. I have -given assurance,
, that the friendly 'feelings of that govern.;
meat are fully shared "by the United_
Statea. •
The ratification of , the Consular and
Naturalization Convention with the Aus
trian and Hungarian Empires have been
- exchanged. •
I have been officially infofmed of the
annexation of, the States. of the. Church
,to the Kingdom of Italy, and the remov
rl
Of'the capital of that Kingdom to
Rome. In conformity with the'establish
ed policy or the United States, I 'have
reconciled this change. The ratification
of the new -Treaty between . the United
States and Italy has been exchanged; the
two powers have agreed in the treaty that
private property at sea shall be exempt
from capture in case of war -between the
I.wo.porters. The United States have spar
ed titeeporthnity of, incorponithig this
rule, into the obligation of nations.
The Forty-first Congress, at its third
session, made an appropriation for the or ?
ganization of a mixed commission for ad
judication upon the' claims of citizens of
the United States against Spain, growing
out of the insurrection in Cuba. That
commission has since Been organized. I
transmit herewith the correspondence re
lating to its formation and( its jurisdic
tion. It is to be,hoped that thiseommis
sion will aftbrd the claimants a complete
remedy for their injuries. It has been
made the agreeable duty of the United
States to preside over a conference at
Washington, between the plenipotentia
ries of Spain an the-allied South Ameri
can Republics, which' has resulted in an
- armistice with the reasonable assurance
of a pernianent peace.
The frau:mite- pod
relations
" which have so long existed between the
United States and Russia 'continue - un
-:disturbed. The Visit of the son of the
Emperor. is a proof that there is-no desire
on the part of his government to diminish ,
the cordiality of those relation& The
hospitable reception ')rich had been given
to the Grand puke it a proof that on our
side lire share the good feeling of that
government. The inexcusable cents° of
the Rnssian Minister, at Washington,
rendered it necessary to ask his recall and
to
. deplinero longer.receiv.e that function
ary es iiiiplothatic representative. 'lt was
inipossilde, with self-respect or,with &just
-regard to the dignity of the' country, to
permit Mr. Catacazy to continue to hold
intercourse witli'tliva government after his
personal abuse , of. interference,
officials,
mid: his 'peraiztent interference, thratigh
rations emend; with, the'relations lietiven
the United States and'ot her Powerii. 'ln
accordance With my wishes this gotern-
Meet has bedn relieved of further inter
course with Mr. Catacazy, and the mea
n. Meta of the affaireof the ImPerial lege.
e razenXt-lergetreXet — tretteutr.r — esipe.te
man - entirely nuobjectionable.
With Japan we continue to maintain '
intimate relations: The p, 7 bj n et of the
Mikado has, since the dose of the last'
session of Congress, selected Citizens ef
the United States to serve in , offices of '
importance in several ijepartm en ts of Gov
ernment. 1 lave re ason' to think that
thid selection is (hie to an appreciation of
the disinterestedness of 'the policy which
the'Uidted States have pursued toward
Japan. It is our desire to, continue to
m'aintain this disinterested nd just policy
with China as well as (Japan. The cor
respondence transmitted herewith 'shows
"that thereis lip disposition on the part of
this government to swerve from its estab
lished course, prompted by a desire to ppt
on 'end; tp the barbarous treatment of oar
shipwrecked sailors on the Corean coast.
- I instructed our Minister at Pekin to en
deavor to conclude a convention with
-Corea fur securing thezafetyandluniane
treatment of such mariners. , Admiral
Rodgers was instructed to accompany him,
with -a sufficient force to. protect him in
case of need; asmall surveying party sent
out, on reaching the-coast, was treacher
ously attacked at a disadvantage. Ample
opportncity was given for explanation and
apology for the insult. Neither came,
A force was' then landed, and after an
-arduous march over o rugged and diffictilt
country,' the forts from which the outrage
hail been committed,' were- reduced by a
- gallant assault and were destroyed. 'Har
ing thus punished the criminals, and hav
ing vindicated the honor of the flag, the
expedition returned, finding itimpractim.
ble under the eircurnstanpes to conclude
the • desired convention. I' respectfully
-referto the correspondence relating there
-to; : herewith submitted, and IeOFP the 68 1 / -
jet:it rematch action as Congress may see
fit to take: t•' "
The reptiblie of
,lfekico has not: yet re
pealed the Very objectionable laws estab
lishing' what it known as the Free. Zone
-oil the Frontier of the United States. It
is hoped that this may bo done, and-also
that more , stringent measures' may= . be
taken -by that'ltepublid• for restraining
!airless Tenon& pa its frontier. , "1. hope
that Mexico, by its own action, will goon
rilieve!this government Of 'tholliffieulties
experienced-frem *these causes. ' •
Our relations with the variouißepublics
of Central and South America continue,
'with 'min exception, to .be...ecirdial ,and
friendly.; I renommend 'some:action by
0460066 regarding the over-dne: install
meuts.underthe award of the Venezuela
Cloima Ceti:mission .of 1806.. ~..1:11e in ter:
nafclisFusidua of that Government preient
no justification for the absence of_effort
meet, Oicir •aojemn treaty obligations.Th :than atatificationfof an.'ektraditien .treatir
with Nicarag4 hati.been
It is a .sub j ect ter congratulation: that
Ettipireßf'Brazil hes taken the
initiatory' step towards the otaition or
etarery., Our relations With tl)of
alwaya , cordial, Will ,nattirellk-hci- made '
more 50'14 this apt; ,It is not , toe much
to ,hopti that the :government of Brazil
, :tritty hereafter fled it tb itiinte:reat_as *ell
ainitrinsically right tO -advance' toward
eistireiernanciplittoa mote -rapidly than
the present act contemplate& • The true
prosperity . and - greatness of: a nation is to
be found in therelpiation, and education
of its-laborers- , ; - • - •
It is a subject for rearet that the reform's,
in the direction . whi,cli they *ere volun
tarily promised by the statesmen of Sp_alnp
have not beep parried out -in- its lVest
India Colonies, • The learstind regnlatioesi
fee the Apparent. abolition of slavery In
pubi and /AO? 4ico . leave . rno# 01 the
laborers in bondage, prospeet. 'of
release,thitil their lives becomo 'a, burden:
to thefr employers.
1 &sire to direct Yew attention , to the
fact that citizens' of the United States, or
persons claiming' to be citizens , of the I
United States, are largo holdersin foreign I
Janda of this, species of property, Verbal
den'by
,thelundamental law of their kit._
leged country.. I reFommend to Congress
to provide, by 'stringent regulation, al
'suitable.remedy against the holding, own
ior dealing in slave's, or being interest-1
ed n'slave property in foreign latids,:eith
er as owners, heirs or nfortgagees A by citl
zens of Ihe'United States:
It is to be regretted that tho disturbed
condition of the Island or Cuba continues
to 'be a source, of annoyance , and of
anxiety. _The existence of a protracted I
struggle, in such close- prerinnty to our ,
own territory, without, apparent prospect
of an early termination, cannot , . be other
than an object of, concern tea people who,
While abstaining from interference in the
affairs of other powers, patemlly desire to I
see every country in the undisturbed en
joyment of peace, liberty and the blessings
of free institutions. Our naval command
ers in Cuban waters have been instructed, I
in case it, should becenoe necessary, to
spare no effort to protect the lives and
property of bonatide AmeriCau citizens, I
and to maintain the dignity of the flag.
It is hoped that all pending questions with
Spain, growing out of the affairs in Cuba,
may be adjusted in the spiritof peace and
conciliation,'Which has hitherto guided
, the two pt.wera in theirtigialMent of such
investigations, .
To give importance atfd to add' to the
efileiency of our diplemitierelations with I
Japan and China, and:tp further aid in,
retaining the good opinion of those peo
pie, and to secure to the' United States its i i
I share of the commerce destined to flow
between 'those, nations and - the balance, oil
I the commercial world, lh earnestly recom
mend that an appropriiirmn lie Made to
support at least four Ainerican youthe in
each of these countries, to serve ai a, part
of the official family Of: our Ministers
there, Our representatives would not
even then be placed upon an equality with
the representatives of As
liritain and
some otherpo,wers, : As now situated, our
representativesinlapan and China have
„to depend for interpretatiqn:and transla
tion upon natives Of these countries who
know oar language imperfectly,or - procury
for the occasion the services of iemployees
in the foreign business houses, or the in
terpreters p:1 other foreign Ministers.
would also repoinmentl. liberal - Meas
ures far the purpose', of Isiipporting 'the
American line's of stemers. now 'dying
between ,San Francisco ,arid Japan. and.
China, and the Australian iing,plinest oar
only remaininz lines of , ocean steamers,
ridirded . TO
the extent of ‘tiglity-six:d
mity
seven thondit one hundred and ewenty
six "dollars grid eighty-six cents during the
year, and by the negotiation of national
bonds Ktp n loiver-rate of interest s the in
terest on thepublic debt has been .so far
diminished that' now the 'sum to be raised
for the interest account is nearly seven- I
teen million dollars less than on the lato
March, 1869., It was highly desirable
that this rapid, diminution shoat/ ,take
place both to strengthen the creditor coun
try, and to convince its citizens of their
entire ability to meet every dollar of liabi
lity without bankrupting them, but in
View of the accomplishment of these de
sirable ends, of the rapid development of
the resources of the country„ - itp Mcrae :
ing ability to nieet the large denial:tile,
and the amount already paid, I t is .dsira
ble that the present resources of thit coun
try should continue to-be taxed in :cider
to continue this,rapid pigment, I there
fore.,receinnierql; a modification, of,
the tariff and internal wialioii, I ' , acorn-
mend•that 'airfares from internal sources
be abolished, except Simi collected from
spirituons and lt f , e
' alt liquors, in its various
1 forms' and fro
~stamps. In readjusting
the tariff, I suggest thatacerefuleatinitte
be made of the amount ofsurplus revenue
•collected mid the present 'laws, after
providing_ti current expenses Of the
government, the interest account, and' a
sinking fund, And that this surplus be re
dueed in such a munneras to affhr,c. the
greatest relief to the greatest number.
There dire many articles not produced at
home,
e, bat which enter largely into gener
al consumption, tbrongh articles ;which
,are manufactured at home, such as medic
ines compounded etc., etc., from - Which
very `little revenue .ia derived; . bnt which
enter inb , general 'use. "'All sitch"articles
recommend rend Mite phiced on the free
Should a further, r4uCtion prove advisa
ble, I would then recommend that it, be
Made upon those articles Which can ,bear
it, without disturbing' home - prodaction,
or reducing the wages of AmeriCan labor.
I have:not- entered Into fi,gtiresi because,
to do , so, would be to repeat what will be i
laid before,you in the report, of the See
retaryof the Treasury. The iiresent laws
for collecting the revenues, pay colliotors
of Customs shall be, biftpreride fut./Mire; 1
in till seizures which are made at princip-
al' orts of enty, particularly to mite the
com p ensation o f thosc.offielala to a' large
sine.. ,It has alwaysteemed to me as: 4'
this systeni must at times work pernicious
ly,' It &tide out an . inducement, to, dis
pose men tn .bo lax ip their scrutiny' of
goods entered to enable them 'finally to
make large •seizures. , 'N'oni ' attention , is
respeclfully invitql to this subject. . ,::.: )
.Ventinued fluctuation's in t he...video_ , of
gold as compared With the national -cur
fenny,. has a mosl..laniaging pipet pion
the increase' ant; development Or the,
country in keeping up prices Of all, the
necessaries in °pry day life 3 it featerva
spirit .of •ganahling, prejudicial alike„tp
national inoralsAnd the national finances,
If the question can be met as to the tired
value over currency', that value constantly
and .nniformly approaching par-with'
rile, ft pry desinhlgobject will be gain
,go: the eppgieps nf thn army in the
past year;the expense .of maintaining it,
the estimates foe' the ensiling year and for
continuingthe sea coast ands other im
, prereinenfg, - poriunted ander the-supers:p
ion of the War .o . epartmeit, I refer , yon
to the accompanying report of the See:
retail of ?iv,. I pal/ your : attention - lo
the provisions of the net ;if Congress, app,'
Proved March 3d, 1809, which discontin
ues promotion in the stairOorpirofille
army, until provided for by'law. I re
commend that the number of officers in
each grade of the staff Corps be fixed, and
that whenever the number in any otm of
the grade falls below the so - fixed,
that rill° vacancy he filled - by premotiori
from the, itinduates: 1., also recommend
that whenihe Offipetif chief of corps be
cornea vacant, the place may be filled by
selectioneTrom the corps in which the
vacatiey exists. •
The report c.i r the. Secretary of the:
Navy,shons tin improvement in the num
ber and efficiency of the. naval force with
out material increase in the expenses of
or supporting it. This is due to the
policy which has been adopted, and is be
ing extended as fast as our material will,
admit of using smaller.vessels as_ cruisers,
on .the, several, stations., By this means
we have been enabled to occupy at once a
larger extent of crusing ground, and more
frequently the posts-where the presence of
our _flag is desirable, and generally to dis
charge more efficiently the appropplite
duties of the nary in time of peige,lvith
out exceeding the number of men or The
expenditures authorized by law.
During the past year the navy has, in
addition to its regular service, supplied
the men and officers for the vessels of the
coast survey, and has completed the sur
vey authorized by Congress of the
of Darien and Tehauntepec, and tffider
like authority has sent out an•expedition,
completely furnished and equipped,
_to ex
' plore the unknown ocean of, the North.
The suggestions of the report as to the
necessity for increasing' bud impiOving
the navy, and the plan recommended for
rediming the service to a peace standard,
by the gradual abolition of certain grades
of officers, tIII reduction of others, and
the employment of' some in the service of
the Commercial - Marine, are well consider
ed and deserves the attention of o:ingress.
I also recommend that all promotions ,in
the navy, above the rank of captain, be
by selection instead of by seniority. This
course will secure, in the higher grades,
greater efficiency, and , hold out an neon
-tire to young - officers to• improve them
selves in the - knoWledge of their profes
sion. The present cost of maintaining
the navy, its coat compared with that of
the preCeeding year, and the estimates for
the ensuing year, are contained in the ac
companying report of the Secretary of
the Nay v.
The enlarged receipts of the Post-office
Department, as shown by the accompany
ing report of the Postmaster General, ex
hibits a gratifying increase in that branch
of the
. public service. It is the index of
the growth of education and of the pros-
penty of the people.; two elements highly
conducive to the vigor and stability of the
ibouddic wit" xest._teicritamlike_Rars..
much of it scarcely poprnatetr, nut an 're
quiring the services of the mail. It is not
at present:to be expected that this depart
ment can be made self-sustaining, but a
grafluid approach to this end, from year
to year. It is confidently believed that
the day is not far distant when . 04; post
office department of the governrhene Will
prove a much greater blessing to the
- whole people than it is now. The sag
gestious of the Postitniiter:Genend, fdr
improvement in tile department presided
over by him, are earnestly recommended
to your special attention: Especially do
I recommend a faVeratile cotiiiideraficrn of
the Phin for a telegraph system of the
United States with the postal syisterri, • It
is believed that by such a eonrse,
of telegraphing could b? -runlet). reduCed,
Inuit he service as Well, if not better ren
dered. It would secure the further ad
vantage of exteuding the telegraph
tliinogh is portien of Die eountit *litre
private enterprise'Will not construct it.
.Alommerce, trade and above all, the effotts
..to bringls people widely spattered into
community of interests,Are always benefit,
ed by a rapid introduction. Education,
the grand work of RePablican institutions,
is encouraged'. by the increasing -of the
facilities to gather speedy news from
parts of the country. The desire to reap
the benefit of which improvements will
stimulate.education. I refer you to tlie
report of ifie•postiriaitex4eneral for foil
details of the operations of list year and
for comparalivdstatelinents of results with
former. years. .
There has been imposed' upon the Ex;
e . plitive branch of the government the ex
ecution of the act of Congress apprOved
Apnt 20tb, 1871, and commonly
. known
as the Ku Klux Law, a portion of the
State of South Carolina. The necessity
of the course, pursued will be demonstrat
ed by the report of the committee; to in
, vestigate Southern outrages. Under the
provisions of the above act. I' issued a
proclamation; callin''the attention of the
people-of .the.ljnited States to•thb 'Same,
and declaring my relnctanbe to, exercise
any of the extraordinary powers thereby
I Conferred upon me, except in wises Of lin
' 'peratiye if,epessity, but making known my
purpose to'exercise such power whenever
4 should 149 -nepcssarito', do: so , for_ the
putposeof,seenring to all. citizens, of the
United Statei the peaceful enjoyment,ef
the rights'gthwenteed by the cor.stitation
and the laws • After the paisligo of this
law, information nut) received - (rein' 0110
to time that enrabinations of the chame(er
referredlo in this law, existed, and were
the parts counties' State of psititti Carolina: •• Careful in
vestigations, was made and it was ascertain
ed that in nine counties of that State.
Sucheondl i potion a were 'active and' pow
erfuli grit raoirig'ss
.sufficient portion of
Citizens to control • the local authority,
and baviag among other _things the • ob.' ,
ject of depriving the emancipated class of
the sutlitbntial benefits of freedom, and
prescribing the free . -action of
these pitizensovho did net — sympathize
With. their: own views. Among their
operOons were frequent scourging and
osionisl assassinations, g'enerallylier-
Petri/W(l' at night by disguised persons, the
Vietims in almost all wi:being ,citizetis
of;," different 'politipal fgalattritf3 frO
thrie!i l Or other persons Wholiad shown
wa
disposiOn to
. clahu. equal . righta , with
nther citizens. • ThOusadda'of
itialivell-diapii;sed'eitjzelis were the Suffer.
eFs' this
. lawless .ifotence; thereou,on
12t4 of 4811, a proclamation
pas lisped, k. the law, Calling
'upon the toemberail thoie combinations . ninon equal to the resliectabie support of
to disperse within fiv'e daye,and to, deliver a filthily ( while their duties are such eta to
to the marshal or military officers of. the iovolre rolltions'of interest& • In print: ,
United States, all Mins ; amMunition, not- lifeeerices demand 'compensation equal.to
forms, disguises and other means
-and- the services readered. • A wise economy`
'
implements used by 'them for•carying dictate the saixtdride in goverment service' .
out their unlawful purroase&- This warn- -- - 4 bare ru.WgisOirtlit Tstinates for' the ‘ -
iris not baying been heeded, , on . the 17th support , of Garbrnment for the ensuing
of .October another proelanwitioil was is- year, nor .the comparative statement be-,
sued siisperidiugthaorviirege of writ Meant:be expenditures for I l laf'. F ir just
of "habeas: corona" in nine Counties in passed a ri d the one • justli cee og,- be-
that' State.-; Direction was 'giveri . .ithat catuat'all these figures 'Mat-dab awed in
within . th e-conntieS so 'designated; sap- the actompanying micas, tia . .'an -those
posed creditable ; information wits giveriao presented dlrtift l ,l to Cona'rek& ' Tbcffn a :
the mentbers 'of such unlawful combina- timateshava my approval.' ',- .. •
timid; that they shoold'he arrested byabe More than six years- hare clasped since
Military forces of the United States, and the last-Loitile grin itais'firea beteteentfai
delivered to'themaishil, to he dealt with armlets WO arrayect'ngtonst each -4ther;-
acitordingte law.' In tik:of said Counties, one fiiratie perpetuation, the other for tha
York and Spartanburg, many &rests have destriiPtion er tte u Ffni6l2, - 411,4 Walt . :
been made. Atjhe last aecount the num- considered trhetbis if isfaet Paw time that
tier of-perecine thiatairested was . one Min- the'disabildies impoSed, by tba Portrtearitli
died and tsixty.eight:' Several 'hundred, nmendirient should be rementill.' Pballe ike
whOse criminality was ascertained to be amendment does not exclude . 'the -t;
ou inferior - degree, was .released for the but Mill imposes "the 'disability to 'bora
present. These baya•aenerally made con. office upon certain. claise& - •Flieri tbe
s •
tessien of their guilt. , .,reat aution has purity of the ballot is secure, inajokilleg
been eierchJed'in'• niakiug these arrests, are sure to elect officers reflecting''the .
and•riotWitbsiatiding thainige number, it views of the Majority.• Ido not tee the .
is liellered that' no innocent person is now advantagior propriety q eicimling melt
in custody. •Tbe• prisoners 'will bet held from office merely because they Werd bd.
for regular trial in the ltidipial. tribunals fore the rebellion of standing distracter
of the United States. As soon as it ap- sufficient to be elected to po*ictaareqhir
peered the authorities' or the plated States big them to take' olitlis to suPportN'the
weronnaitt ta take vigorous measures to Constitntien, afar admitting to,•eligibilitv
enforce the law, many persons absconded, those entertaining ptenisely (tar SaniZ
and there is good gruund for supposing viens, but of less standing in their .
that 311,9 f such persons have violated the communities : '' It rear be said that
law. A full report ot what has been,done the Varner viotateff an' odtbi while the lat.
under this law Will'he anianittea to 'pew; ter dill'apt.'''The latter di' 11•91 bat:titan
gress by the Attorney • Cienenit' - •-i theia'faiwer tirdcko. If they had takelf
In Utah there still remains a remnant thil oath it darineabe doubted they would
of • barbarism, repugnant -to civilization, haittilinoketi if; 'es did the former chnis if
to decency; and to theattroi of 'lb° 'Crated there are' any area eritiiinals distingellsl o -
States.' Territorial of fi cers, however, have ed abe•l'e atotliefil for . the'part•they tools; .
been found who are willing - to perform in oppOsitian ye' the - ptirettimerit; they
their duty in a tipirit of equity; arid' with might,iinth.9 AVltigeot irongrem , be
a due sense of sustaining the majesty' of excluded-fine' vile an • atahesty.' 'Vila -
the law. Neither polygamy norymy oth- subject is•submitted for your earefal on:
er violation of 'existing,. statutea.will .be sideratitio.:, The condition of the South:
perinitied in the territory of the United - ern States' as unhappily not such as all
statar.' It it nia 'With the religion ofthe tree, patridtia ritirepsaroald like_ to' ser.
kelf.styled Saints re , that we a now dealing, Social'Ostracism flor Opinions sake,' per:
but with their. practices; - They. Will; be sonal violence'or threats
. lnittirds persona
protectertirt the worship , of God ' =rd. entertaining political' yAii'oppesed to
mg to the dictates , of th eir consciences . those entertained.bythe - Maienty cif tole'
but they' will not be permitted, to violate Old citizens, prevents ininugration and
the laws under the cloak •of religion., 'lt the flow of Moab needed capital into the •
may be advisable for Conginti' to coneid- States lately in -reliellion. It will be :,
' er what, in:the execution' of. the - laws happy condition of the country whoiribil
against po l ygam y, i s t o b e ab le - . s t a t us of old citizens of these States ;will - take an
plural ,wives and ' their. offspring- The interest in.public attara, Oreninlgate the
propriety of Congress passing an enabling idea honestly epteVaitAl,.' iate 'for' nee
q
act authorizing the territorial legislature representing th eir sutra, micTioleribi ell
of Utah to legitimatize - all children' born sarne f freedbm of elpressicitrana'billl4 liti,
prior to the - • time fixed in - the act; might 'those entertaining different titffiNa , il con
be justified by its humanity to thespiono. victions . • • . • .t - . , ,
cent children, ,This ii; , a suggesfant oily Padet t11°; Pr9viaioPi of the' 'net o.f.
ban'ne'r a reccframendatiop. , , Congress approved li,ebruattalat, ; l47l,d •
Vt. alieraiarsaed_law_atals th elndians TemtorialDovernment 'Wats orgamiedaft
has resnlted fitypr4lmy . • se! cur' as • inn,. he the Diatriet of Coliitabia: its results 'idyl;
judged frout . the lirnitea-lime during thus'ili'r idliied the etc stations of , its
, which , it has Veen in .nrietati9P.- Through atarocafek 7tfialer, Ilia' direction' or the •
the erert.ailis 3f: th e various societies-of Telaitorial 'Clacers;a'llystent' o - floatiane-
Chnetians to wham Wiles been entreated, thellt•but been"inaNitir,ttelbyi 'eapS of
the execution 'of the policy:jaidthelkai l / 4 1 which - Waahington is rapterllll '.
of Commissioners indbbriajed by the Tan 01' 11 604 °Ville Natifal's fir 1
of April lath;lfia,iiiina tribes of Indians cititensilf•th Distripl; having fir
-
,c 1
haye beetriedeced tfasettle , npon,the rev- iv taxed . them . lyes to, ir taw amount qa
ravaticms, to cultivate thp,soit, to perform the'parp4e'li centribatiag to thrintl*;
prednetifelaltar of' iariatili• kinds, 9 pil to ment'of the seat cif Goientaienti Trecont.: ,
partially accept' - civillzatiOn.' • They, 'are alenirllllYrilraPPretirlatiolle - - 0 1 1 -tto `Pdl4
being . tared for in soar a•trity, Hill boiled, 'of. Congress, intonlar pint Ole; Vocern
aa to mance those Who aro-still pursuing ntefirtilay , baants - jltst. shard or trie . o.:
their old habits of life ' to;embrace. ; the Peose:of carrying apt a Indicions, syStspi
only opportunity whleh is left-, them to of ' ll lr4emect: ' ' --:
'' ' • - '
avoid. extermination 1 reoalragtr t lib. ' lly lio . great fi re in Chipago; the •Mpst,
end appropriation to airti - tio,, the 'inaian iMpor au tot the government bulldingain
peace-policy, not only because - - if is that city Werti consumed: TlaisiCtipmell.
mane, Christian-like, and economicalcbtat had''already t'OPlPP.:ifiedeqpite to . 1116:
because it is,4ght,,
•, ..;,,,,. p . ,, ~ . , wanta,of .ilingoverinncof inthat'griaaing
••••I recommend to, your iaverable Copia- citYallid loaklag„to_the . par fur re Itere
ration alai; thdpoliay *of •pripitinga ter- tOtalll linhlinala 1 .t-Mdra'ro,ofig. fat,ro
ritorial government to th e !talent in - the fora-Wotan
~pprepgaictri ;be mallyi 411-
'pilau Verritiati.west of tAximistis -end ineaMteltta purebase The Moinaider. Of
Missouri and sontlabf,Kantas., In doing :the squaw Mr willed tha hpmedituilding •
so,,every right guaranfeed.to„theifudians stood, provided it cacf;b_PTPtaitied ot *1! ,
byahe treaty' s , shmild be'secured: Sueh a 'fair valuation,. in- prointed thattliellegnii:
•conniesanigh4 in time,' bd"the means of !dare of Illinois it pa:s:s a 10404; 7
collecting most Of the lindiiiine 'Mai be- -izing int' pse te'nse'r pi'nrdePt
i i i
-Limon the Mirsourtand- the , Pacific - and and Wean • apprepriatleo. o • It'
i fi
i r
south of the,Britith,P.ossessimul into one money as can' preperly,`.4 .4 . 04 . ?
Testitoryan one State; ~ The SeCretary of wards the erection bf neli p,Aitigi atir
thelnterair has'tfeated upon this subject ink Thispral rear.. .. :
.., -..., : -- -
at length, and I commend'to you hill lei- , Thenumbei of, emigoota,.-ignprant of
geition. -.:' • ' • • •‘. '-: ' ''' -• '' our laws and.habitannue' coming into em; _
. I.renew• my recommendittion that 'the pannier Milia a lly t , has: becoires• so great
,poblic landstie regarded. as W-lieriragito and the Impostttoospnicticed nowt:then,'
our children,,t6 be dispOsell of onlyaa re-; so numerous and . flagrant; that I sus t.'
geh
quired'for occripation and to nctual- sett- Congressieoal action for theit Poptteen•on:
lere. . These alreskrgianted•;have 'beta It seems toll° a fairs ilijectofiegislatidc
in a great measure dispostict of in - Raab a by Congress. Peannot now state, as tab
way as to secure levels :te.the halm:lee by ly as 1 pestre the nature of the complaints;
the , hardy settlirailui May wish tp limit matlelil emigrants of'the treatment they
himself of. thera, • .134, tfpnlipn'shOnid be receive, but will endeavor to do so during
exercised eetaf in ittOinipg
B C! desirablean the session of Congress,• particulat,ll , • 4
end; Educational ioterests trill 'biserved the subject should receive your attention.,
by the grant of the proceeds of tbe sale -it has been the aim of tire.administra;
of, paliholands to apttlera, : I.no pot pith tiort. to curare honesty and efffelerkY :id
to be undersooll.M.VPDPAl4odillacin the ell poblic offices, Evert' inffilie :iertaixt;: '
leist degree, a cluginineat i • of lahatis het: who bas violated theliiist placed in hint,
ingdOne by the Geoerat.
.oaeriip3Octer has been proceellea"agnirig with olli tan
the entsimpranent of eduAtioti;'' ' ''' - '"' ' rigor of the law:, It bad melt have . ..mans;
The repearof the Secretory of alai•ln- ad plans, it has-been ..the _fault s of 'the
terier.,imbinitten with this, Will givo - - pm system established by 'art antrahsthin foi.
all the, infonnation t esalicctc4 tIPSI Prellerv• making-appoiptments, ',.of .114 fault: Of
ed for.H9Patiiiiit IP Tgoll - tP illF,re.nsui those lyhia'. recommeifd -Ter' gpLernmea;
taken= uringthe year 1870, • • ' • positicine . persona not .itufillmently : well-
The c)irtitions of -the Miirean'orEdu- knoirp' to thempersona ll y, or who giro
cation fdraliptyear,"thsv Putent.offier;•the letterieniltirtatig On 'clientele; 'ortakie
[ Land office apd,the Indian 1 -binean, tile seekers althout a arbiter Mani of ,the
repert
. pr the
.conapjuipppr, of Aprient: gr i v i rres iotionlit y vh ia li h a h a mune
tare, gites.the '!iriptation. of tbis depart, devolyes tmii thins. A Phil Service re.;
merit for the - Year. ' ' "', '''''''' - ' - - • form, winch pun abriect:lhis • abuse, in
As agriculture is the -ground work of much - ,.'desirc l 3.• . i f , mercantile p u mas'
our,ProsPeritarg -toe Indoli 4 ruPPrtfln Po Po - the Walla* niap who gives -a letter '.'of
oat lqe attached to, the:labor- of this . : e, recomni •emaidion w ho
a friend :to enable
partinent. 'lt is,in the,lianda, of an able him abitain credit i rons a •-strapkeiS' ni
-head,' - With able itasiitanbic all SealoilslYali- eegardeir fa morally restionsible tbr the
Toted to iotrodneing into theligiiettitural integrity Ot his tiaras ability to
productions of -theatation, all useful pro meet his obligations. , A•reformatory law, .
ducts adapted to any, of the varions, pli4 which w_gold
nt • • 'entomb - this • pnueiple
mates and sectipPs of
L one ',territory, Pad against all endorse of personator public
to giring all uieilinarcirmationats V; the 'lace, piefila,insitre great contain in make
method:of cultiviithitt, and,' thelplantint ing-recouithendulions. A salutary lesson' .
of atereals and ether producta adapted' to liaibeen taught the carlessi and tho alitit
partipola,r_lonalities rind onality; , -.put honest public servant in tho great naltatt"
surely t4O Agricultural Bereastis k . orking of prosecutions and convictions 7ota the
a great national ''0.44.' at'lf. tr. l 4beia ll Y last two'years. It is 'gratifying to nbtice
supported, th e more itdely ;La influ'ence the fatomble change which LS takinsqqace
VW te f ateaded.`ana tyro :less dependant throughout the country ;in bringing to
;0 .0 al Po ppoele produatslof foreign' - punishmentlhes9 who bare "prbsett re
p:m;(4.oft' ..: -_,.. : : -•:--. = • , I cream to the trusts confided tcl themiand
-, l l'he, object. of compensation - to:the ' in% elevatibg. te Valid 'hfilee none but
heads' of burean:ofileials,. holding - posi I those who. possess the 'confidence of the
thins of respensibility and.requinng abil. lionestrand 'virtuous, who; ice-will alWayt
Sty and character to 011 them properlyoS" be 'tumid comprise - the •mtlority of the,
one to which your attendee" la areviteit., cotmantiityla•whichibey hive. • ‘ • , :-
But few of the offibials receive rceoletea- 1 ' in My Message to Congress, one ilea