=MELO
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= ;.-B7IEILNVE.,4Li--Eqoprietor.
Rresident's-Nres.sage.
1 . 517•Ai r Senate laid !Mt!e of .Rep#rAenraticiu (
4yearof`lieare and general proSperity
"Vi this' nation has passed since the lastas
geinbling Of Congress. We have thkongh
a kind Providence been blessed with
libunding, ercip.s,, and -have been: spared
-from complications and war with foreign
• nations, while in our midst comparative.
harmony has been restored.
It is to be regretted, however, that tv
free exercise of the elective franchise has
by violence anti intimidation been denied
to citizens iu exceptional cases in several
ofthe States lately in rebellion, and the
verdict of the people has thereby been re
versed. The states of Virginia, Misaissip
pi, and Texas have been restored to rep
resentation in our national counsels.—
Georgia, now the only State now without
a representation, may confidently be ex
pected to take. her pince there at-the open
ing of the new .year ; and then, let ns
hope, will be completed the work of re
.constrnetion. With an itegiliesence on
the part of the whole people in the na
tional obligation to pay the public debt
created as the price of our Union, the pen
sions to our soldiers and sailors and their
—wfdiswivinti - orphans, and in the
to the Constitution which have been made
necessary by a great rebellion, there is no
reason why we should not advance in ma
terial prosperity and happiness as no oth
er nation did after to protracted and de
vastating a war.
TRIM WAR IN EI:ROPE.
Soon after the existing war broke out
in Europe, the protection of the U. S,
minister in Paris was invoked in favor of
the North Germans domiciled on French
territory.' Instructions were issued to
grant the protection. This has been fol
lowed by an extension of American pro
tection tocitizens of Saxony, Hesse,. and
Saxa-Goburg-Gotha, Columbia, Portugal.
Uruguay, the Dominican Cepublic, &qi
dart Chile, Purace ay and Venezuela, in
Paris. The chum vas an <morons onc.
requiting ranstu7tt -aud severe labor, as
well as the exercise of patience, prudence,
and good judgment. It has been per
formed to the entire satisfaction of .the
government, as am officially inforined,
equally so the government of North Der.
TrE TRENCH
Aa soon as I learned that a ttepublie
had been proclaimed at Paris, and that
the people of France had acquiesced in
the change, the minister of the United
States was directed by telegraph to reeog
.aizo it. and tender my congratulations
;Sind those of the. people of the United
Btates.
The twatablishment, or a goternimoi
ip Frfrplee tliseonaceted with the ‘.1 . % na,•
traditionsrk. ,
tions of Enro apiwarrd to .
proper subject for the fidieitatioo.
Americana Shhnhl the preaentst rugi. ,
FruneS result in. attractiw , the heart,
-allbt-Preuch zemr simpler foimis of
re,presentaftNe
_government, it Will be a
subject of still further tatisfaction tci our ,
O'bile we make no efferts to impose our
institutions upon the inhabitants of oth
er conntriec, and while we adhere to our
traditional neutrality in civil c•mteirs,ive
cannot be indifferent to the spread' of
American political ideas in a great' and
LigTJy civilized country like France.
We were asked by the new government
En use our good ofilees jointly with the
Europr'aii powerS"in the in tercets ofpeare.
Answer Um made that the established
policy and true interests of the United
States forbade them tointerfere: in Ettiv
ran questions jointly with Euroikan
powers.
I ascertained informally and unofficial
ly that the government of North Germa
ny was. not then disposed to such repre
sentations from any powers, and thuugh
earnestly wishing to see peace restored to
the belligerents, pith all of whieh the U.
S. are on terms of friendship, I declined
on the part of this government to take a
step which would only result in injury to
car true interests without advancing the
object for which our intervention was in
voke& Should the time come when the
action of the U. S. call hasten the rctnrn
of peace by a single hour, that action will
be heartily taken.
I deemed it prudent, in view of the ;
number of persons of both Gsrtuan
and French birth living in the U. S.
to issue, soon after official notice of a
state of war bad been received from both ;
belligerents, a proclamation defining the
duties of the United States as a neutral.
and the obligations of persons residing
within the territory to observe their laws
and the laws ornations. This proclaim-
Mon ;was followed , by others as eirctutt
stances seemed to call for them. The peo
ple, thus acquainted in advance of their
duties and obligations, have assisted in
preventing violattozus of tho neutrality of
the United States.
"I II E - INST." IatEeTION- erns. •
re'nn
of the insurrection in Cuba has material
ly changed since the close of the lust ses
mon of Congress. In an early stage of
the eoutest the authorities of Spain inau
gurated a system of arbitrary arrests,close ,
o,ll49:tent, madof.railittiryArPi anti ca-1
q with the insurgents, and of summary 1
viatimyo-of -their propertim . and , sequeS.l
tuition of their ro - enatito ereentive war
raut.--ASacluz.priamedinetif, -01 far ins they t
J or,,,,t p d..r.hp, persons., propei•ty : of
rens of the United fitatei, were in viola- .
Lion of tins , ' tproviskfnii - 4!CtAtlle...tiferity of ,
1795 between the I:rated .Statea_and
Sigan. „
of lujditit:tresulling'tu
•Irevesaf.perseht,'•elairning-I.o . tie ,cifizens of
the /jaded:Status, by.reason of .snebvin
latiow,,,WereAttaiiti.,..togeS/140611 go4uri
meqt, F rom. April .I.BQO to Jude last the
Spaniel minister at %SI itrgtrinliad been I
clothed withit linfitediArror-Viaki in.:re
dressing such Wrongs:: 110 -power was
found to be withiliawit,'“Wirienc" %ids'
said, 19! favorableiltl44o , l4 w•liiio
'the 'lSlatid" of "Cuti‘a - then was;" , which,
however, did ilot lead to revecajiol, or
=suspension . orthei,ixtianrdiifaik tialt
trary functions exercised by the execs=
tive power in Cuba, and we were obliged
to zake ou • ....rmlaints at Madrid_r
r'i f!git.-1 • fm , TrlNt, i ; l og
- ".", •
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trt.7•l;pl
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In -tlit,*ttegatiations thus - open and
still pending there, the United States on
ly claimed that fur the future the rights
secured to their Citizens by, treaty should
be respected in Cuba, and that as to the
past joint tribunal should be establish
ed in the United States with Rill jurisdic
tion over all such clainis. Before such
an impartial tribunal each claimant would
be required to prove his case.
On the other hand Spain would be at
liberty to traverse every material fact,and
thus complete equity would be done.
A. case which at one time seriously
threatened to affect the relations between
the United States and Spain has been dis
posed of in this way.
The claim of the Colonel Lloyd Aspin
wall for the illegal seizure and detention
of that vessel has been referred to arbi
tration by mutual consent, and has resul
ted in an award te the United States for
the owners the sum of $19,702.50 in gold.
Another and long impending claim of
like nature, that of the whale ship Cana
da, has been disposed of by friendly arbit
rament during the present year. It was
referred by the joint consent of Brazil
and thp_ :Calk& States to Sir_ Edward
Theinton, her Brittanic ?fajesty's minis
ter at , Washington, who kindly undertook
the laborious task of examining a volum
inous mass of cerrespondence and evi
dence submitted by the two governments,
and awarded to the United Stat e s the sum
of $100,740.09 in gold,. which has since
been paid by the imperial government.
These recent events show that the
mode which the United States have pro
posed to Spain for adjusting claims is
just and feasible, and that it may be
agreed to by either nation without dis
honor.
ft is to be hoped that this moderate de
mand may be agreed to by Spain without
further delay. Should the present nego
tiations unfortunately and unexpectedly
be without result, it will then become my
duty tb communicate that fact to Con
gress, and invite its action on the sub
ject.
THE sPANISH-AXEILICAN PEACE CONFER-
The long delayed peace conferende be
tween Spain ana.the allied South Amer.ican republics has litett inaugurated in
Wash i gton, under the auspices of thcf
S. Pursuant to the recommendation
contained in the resolution of the House
of ltepresentativds of the /76 of Decem
ber, 1566, the. executive department of
the government offered its friendly offices
for the promotion of peace and harmony
between Spain and the allied republics,
Hesitations and. ot*tucleff occurred to the
acceptance of the offer. Ultimately ; how
,•c el-. a conference waa 4lrranged, and was
• n,d in this
. city on the •2Dth of Oeto.-
, er List, at whit:l; I autliorizoi the &ere
-dry ~ f State to preside. It was attended
dy the ministers of Spain, Peru, Chile,
and Ecuador. In - eonseitu6nee - of Ihe ab
settee Of rlireSeWbltiVO ftornimbvicithe
conference was adjourned mitt t atten
dance of a repre=entative from that re
public could be secured, or other measures
Cu. Id be Adopted towards compassing its
objects.
Otit SM - 711 ANITIZTrAN roticT.
The allied and other republics of Span
ish origin on this continent may see in
this fact a nu ar proof of our sincere inter
est in their welfare, of our desire to see
them blessed with good governments ca
pable of maintaining order and of pre
serving their respective territorial integri
ty, and of our sincere ticisli to extend our
own commercial and social relations with
them.
The time is not probably far distant
when in the natural course of events the
European political connection with this
coutry will cease. Our policy -should be
sliapjd in view of 'this probability, so as
to ally the interests of the'Spanish Amer
ican States more closely to our own, and
thus give the United States the pre-em
inence and all the advantages which Mr.
Monroe, Mr. Adams, and air. Clay conn
templa.ted when they proposed to join in
the Congress of Panama.
TUE SA 'S DOM I SOO TREATY.
During the last session of Congress a
treaty for the annexation of the republic
of Sant Domingo to the United States
failed to receive the requisite two-thirds
vote of the Senate, I was thoroughly con
vinced then that the best interests of this
*de
manded its ratification. Time has only
confirmed me in this view. I now firmly
believe that the moment it is known that
the United States have entirely abandon
ed the project of accepting as a part of its
territory the Island of San, Dmiugo„ a
free port will be negotiated' for' by VOrp
peen nations. In the Bay of Semana a
large commercial city will sprin g tip, to
which we will be tributary, without
re
ceiving corresponding benefits, and then
will be seen the folly of rejecting so great
#.l„trlge.. The goverpplent ain44-
go has solentartly sought this annexation.
It is a world potterprunibitrring probably
less than one hundred and twenty thous
and souls, and yet possessing one of the
richest ilse alitimiiindet4)W sOyi, capable .
of supporting sk.mulatiun of ten mill•on
of people in lui•Ory. rrn people of San
Doming' are not capable of maintaining
thelnieheirlivaleir present condition, and
must look for outside support. They
yearn for the protectizmiaf our free insti
-1 tutions anitlasrsi..nut4rogress.-and civil
liejttbse tltenf ac-;
qu isition ofBait p4itoir " a,Ot.iblf, be
cause of its ,gmrtiPllic-4 1 :Plail - inAtt,-
cotrunandatite en.tPalleP IfICEIICAPurraIn
Sea, and the Isthmus transit ofebovnOree.
It possesses the richest soil, best and 'most
capacious harbors, most salubrious dim
nte,-mid-the-mcistrairiable prorlncts crf the
fOlests, mine, and soil of any of the West
rrnakilalaiid.'i pOsieision
I ted States will lit a lb* years build up a
"lenis - brise_ - „cbinnierceiif brintetise,'lnggni
-tpdc,-which will go. far towsirds-restnring
to-us,ehir - list‘titercj)antiparine, - It- will
give - Ao - lts iliasefartieleswhich, -sic, con
sume Ireatly and do not produce, thUs
- bur - exports and imports. -In
case of foreign IF,ay.it t 141-.-:
[nand 11,3.41.81;19ditintrO. to; Ad
thttsiniinentsin enemy from egaia.poaes
sing herself of 'a rendezvous upon our'
Coast, It will protect r attr ihis tV-
- -
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tie and iblie b9144/1 1 4 %lit- 9c f,
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Mexico, mid to the Bahamas and Antilles'
Twice we must, as it were, pass through
foreign countries tort be from Georgia
'to the west coast of Florida San Do
mingo, with a stable gorerument antler
which her immense resources eau be de
veloped, will give remunerative wages to
ten thousand laborers not now upon the
island. This labor will take advantage of
every available means of :tilinsportatibn
to abandon the adjacent ishinds,and seek
the blesiing of freedom - and its sequence,
each inhabitant receiving the reward of
his own labor. Porto Rico and Cuba will
have to abolish slavery as a measure of
self-preservation to retain their islands.
San Domingo will become a large con
sumer of the products of the Northern
farms and manufactories. The cheap
rate at which her citizens can be furnish
ed with food, tools, and machinery will
make it necessary that contiguous islands
should have the same advantages in or
der to compete in the production-of Ba
u
P er, coffee, tobecco ' tropical fruits, &c.
Ibis will open to us a wider market for
our products. The production of our
own supplies of these articles will cut off
more than one hundred millions of our
annual imports, besides largely increas
ing our exports. With such a picture it
is easy to see how our large debt abroad
is ultimately to be extinguished. With a
balance of trade against us, including in
terest of bonds held by foringuers and
money shipmate by our citizeus travel
ling in foreign lands equal to the entire
yield of precious. metals in this country,
it isnot so easy to,si.v.how kis result is
to be otherwise accomplished. The ac
quisition of San Domingo is au adherence
to the Monroe doctrine—is a measure of
national protection. It is asserting our
just claims to a controlling influence over
the great commercial traffic soon to flow
from 'West to East by way of the Isthmus
of Darien; it is to hand up our merchant
marine; it is to 'furnish sew 'markets for
the 'notifies of our farms, -shops, and
mauufacturies; it is to make 'shivery in
supportable in Cuba and Porto Rico at
once, and ultimately se hi Brazil; it is to
settle the unhappy condition of Cuba and
end an exterminatory conflict; it is to
pros ide honest means of paving our hon- !
egt-Elebtsvithourover-Itet*ttre , reaptt I
it is to furnish our citizens with" thenee:
essaries of every day life at cheaper
_rites
than ever before;_ and it fine, a rap
id stride towards that greatness which
the intelligence, industry, and enterprise
of the citizens of the United• States eat,-
tle this cotintretb assumremon.,unotions. ,
In view of the'importau,ce of .ntis trttes
don, I earnestly urge upon Coagnss ear
ly action expressive of its.view' as to the
beet means' of acquiring - San
My suggestions is - that, liyjohirfeiolettiOri!
of the two I rouses of Ximgress, the Bxec
utive be authorized to appoint a commis
-1
Rion to negotiate a •treaty•with the anth-
orities of San DomiOgo for the'amnisi
tion of that ishuid, aria- talal,'?4,, o l 7 la' l " - ','
pis - acts a 3 . e.T.pease.s o f
such commission. The question ,may
then be determined by the action of the
two Houses of Congress riPqn al•esolation
of eueesation, :0 in the case of the ac
quisition of Texas. So convinced am lof
the advantage to flow from tin+ nerinisi
tibn of Situ Domingo; and of the great
disadvantages, I Might almost api oatato
it+e4 kt.flow from not-acquisition, that I
believe the subject has only•to be investi
gated to he approved. • -
It is tn• be , regretted that our represen
tations in regar d to the n injurious effects,
especially upon the revenue of the 'United
States, of the policy.of the Mexican gov
ernment in exempting from import
du
ties a large tract of its , teiritbry tin our
borders here cox only betio..ftuitles4 but
that it is even proposed In that country
to extend the limits in , which the priv
ilege adverted to has hitherto been enjoy
ed. The t;xpediency of' taking into your
serious consideration propermeasures tor
countertailing the policy re rred to will,
is presumed. engage your ea nest ntten
tioi It is the obvious intere.. especial
ly of foreign nations, to provide • 7ainst
immunity to those who may have co
milted high crimes within their borders
and -who may have sought refuge abroad.
Fur this purpose extradition treaties have
been concluded with several of the Cen-.
trap American republics, and others are
in progress.
The sense of Congress is desired as ear
ly as may be con vienient upon the pro
ceedings of. the commission on claims
against., Venezuela, as contruuni-ated io
my messages of March 4. 1869, March I,
1870, and 9lareb 31; .11470: , It has . not
been deemed advisahlh to distrihttte . any
of the money which received
from that. government until, Congress
shall 'nave acted upon the &Oleos:
The masscre of French and Russian
residents Tiett-Tsinmder circumstan
ces of great barbarity, :ore sappoSed by
some to. Lave been, prerneditat4, antt to
indicate a purpose among , the populace
, to exterminate tbreigners in . the Chinese
Empire. The evitdence Taili tit efitablish
such A B4Posita4ilicli4 '
city fv. the loeni nuthorties withathemob,
The government'at Pekin, however; Beanie
to have !veil dispOsed 16161611 id treaty
8...K0 far' ai it. "Nro ,41, IOW;
,Uxityriunateli - the : , tietvfroff the„ tv;ir
tweet', the German , States and-Trance
reached .China sootri atter the massacre.
It wpuja :tip&r that f 42Pahlr tniiid
.N. 1 4 14 Possefised• ot.
Contest, extending. to, ,Chinese, Tioteraf
'would neutralize - the elsristian - intluenee
and . potver4tin:d'that'thViinn':ts!preoming
when' the inass.augy,t expel
all foreigners and, restore:mandantt
Anticipating , troubin. Stoma/ I&
cause; 1 itiyited France ttad North Get-
Many te' trink:an' 0011011z - 4 'siiernOoh
'Of "IlAdti4 6 4, ," • t l ig" , t4, • 4€ 1 :4:" thq
mere teMporarily suspendete by act Rf tlae
command , * stral•to;tia together; for the
fetttrolitofedtatirl fnl3hltilforthell ites and
PrePfigio ,o 4*/*0 Al'APPikeo-
-i-qt ace t
u f w* 4 1tfc*cfrTititifr;ladqu*
ileltifjOniiiiiienT of Oiiireisae
ratificationanot :the- trestyrivatit , 4lleat
Britttitt. te.r ',ltbOlishtbe tbett ed' :Warta
000 .1 r240
1111 _11!ti4, CHbanetj .A ` 414
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litujis_assigileclor,their 4 ItPe ;..4t44,.alser-- ,- :The lithole natiourisriitteiesteditit•-, i; e T1 , i,t 2 7,
.V . rp_„zre.. i.. 1 17,.. 1. 2.V2 ,.,.... , ,"e:..., - .4 1 . t . .
convention hetwe t 'a Gr 9. t 6Z it i" n ,„-, ,4 ;. 114 find itilibtaikehe "hien) ihr tha"Ves' iweetitqfitrinfifieitdtris4ll;6*.ilikAnliltairZa.VtgrTirvrg ieinif
Atte - United States have n , A CFuo- , 4 g - Et.ifi of vie:unit - ea stathiviiknitmirpiiiick ~ ,,iturafstiftv„ivatr,g- R vip4t-, . .
~e . )u tic . en' _ s a t t l oria / ztih..
`ell (Tilting the =Cos, nag . leiner i . ti !on lithely to hae e .oulionitll any foothc , trarbs; hiriticieatioird...,ToAre.rillzene:ot,thuselartil, tw i. i4 tive . pi.i, .
..,,..
~,,,,q.
Li!li f a tfd
, pelrlifinti.,`: tten ,7 ' 1 linX etill
standing a iepute' between , the two
, uccorAsuce ormerchatidise whatever, exbeptlmalti‘ns ,Status itsectirean4reatecntisrn for thatTli°
be. t ecessary for..,the prtmeentron c of: labor f to-4.luria hail:in:ol- cf3he r leakoArtf f ir7 ° ,,jt: i rlt,°,pvi . .T , . 11.,01, :_r:ele,p,r,le
.
with the prinell? . • - their ' v ° 3ll M t 9 and " f r om-siqk. , ,b l i in g
r iVtiffddi,:clieitlier,. ,TOV l ''X'th,i„:,ll9.l,_.4 . 4.,r . i.„ , .. al r weti r
n ... ceretormitu r.. trot ,. bell .
04 ,.. .
titity
1 ermenfs has liFe l u e; : i t w tr ys
by.the United Mutes.
minds ;, and...any vessel or the L PAW:. increa..in„Lbe tiniing,a'urpoo,,A,w ... e ll ). i
to
v..l.,frits ,
. istvitiaiii4 , 3tii:4,4 ,.. ow/ed
,e,
l co Pi utedUa for t m aT
RECTIFICATION OF A. BOGNOXIIT EINE. qtate;s wYeli 'shall bontiarepo""thiii Aga- 'ln s h o p e ali, i: II
al "'P verlurtenb4"trea ,, t - ,- 1 biltrileritc td Ltrik4ticrful 'Sbiajleg
in. April last, while engage tin locating I lation mAy'be seited; ebndeined, , and- con- Britain will, see. the justice of abandonin g
a military reservation near 'Peintinia, a 4 fiscateil, with her , cargo."'
out Any cbst br illiirt'titi - hiliftire: ,'''
This proposi-_,41 10 narrow ~,,„I.,ip eonsu d eut. claim :to • - .1 that itO to "supply evdryiiiiii'ifitittil with
corps of engineers discovered' that the titin,which isTidentiOnl with tho,con4tClic- i which her flanaditut provinces have arg- .
A-trlie riven urn tifbnii Cannot tio Mail°
commonly received boundary line be- 1 tion now put upon the langua ge, of the e d . .h er adhe rence : ,-: , -•'
iri a day, but must bit the inrili'il 'Us
tweet% the United States and the British conventien=, was emphatic:loly regreltecl.by -, ouu DE r gE :sai D 6S 3aLERc a; . ,
thine! legislation' and Of i tinie.'''Aliliion
possessions at that place is about forty - . the Anericith' Commission, 'and there- . '
seven hundred feet south of the true pos t- upon was abandoned ,l ll. - the British as a , subjeat to which I called your special u the , r4vende tart be disPeised Irak,' till
attention'at the last session, and suggest- duty should be 'removed: from - ten; ; Coffee,
tion of the forty-ninth paralled, and that plenipotentiaries, and .thelArtiele.l,:as it
ed that we trill la thetuture have,to lt)ok• .atid tithe); te,rtipleB--Of tiniVersitt tnig.ziot
the line when run on what is now sup stands in the eonventioniyas soscip.,tl4-. jun_ tstilinuntites.sotitltof tta,altd. prodiiiieci by. ottraelica: - -
posed to bathe true position of thatparaller if, however,,iilai said that-this Claim- is. • - - - 7 -
The necessitfrt of the• country compel
would leave the fort of the Hudson's Bay founded on 'provincial or celonial statistics,
own representativeslo all those govern- 1 us to collect revenue from our:imports.—
Ohinn'and:Japime far itw renewal O u r 1
Company at Pembina within the territory 1 and not upon the convention, this govern
meats have exerted their influence to en - An army of assessors and collectors fit not
of the 'United Staten This information I ment cannot but regard “ them , as nn
courage trade bet Ween the United States. a pleasant sight to the citizen, but thator
being communicatedto the British gov- i friendly and in contravention of the spit - .
~,,,1 the _ countries , to
:Irbieb
.4 1 e9 Ve 4 A tarikfor revenue is necessary; such a
eminent, 1 was requested to consent, and ' it if nut of the letter of the treaty, for l """
1
.. ...
did consent, that the British occupation
of the fort of Madam's Bay Company
should continue for the present, I deem
it important, however, that this part of
the boundary should be definitely fixed
by a joint, commission of the two gov
ernments and i submit herewith estimates
of expense of such s commission on the
part of the United Stites, and recommend
an appropriation fur-that purpose. The
land boundary has already been fixed and
marked from the summit of the Rocky
Mountains to the Georgian Bay, I'l
should now be in like Trimmer marked
from the Lake of the Woods to the sum
mi Cof the Rosy Mountains.
TILE ALA BA MA CLAIM&
I regret to say that no conclusion hies
been reached for the adjuStment of the
claims against Great Erffairi growing out
of the course adopted by'that government'
during the rebellion. The Cabinet 'Of
London, se far as its •vieNiikbitvelbotf 'ex
pressed, does not appOar toft,e *illing •to
concede that her MajeSty'll &item ntent
was guilty of negligemt, -or 'did 'or per
mitted any act'dorigthe War for which
the United State has just cause 'of' cent
pia' nt. I therefore recommend to Con
gress to authorize the,.appointment of a
commission to take' proof : tif the amen ts
and the ownership of the claims ownottee
to the repres4itative'of her r , Majesty at
Washington, and that authority be,given
for the settlement of ttieseiehtima by the
United States, so that tho, gyverunAgn t
shall have the ownership of tkul,PriVate
clais4s as„wV,LIM the rt-sponsiblo . control
of all the dernands
to; against ,Greate/3ritaiu.
It
.citunot: necessary add that...when
ever her MajestY's ,goversauent shall, en
tertain u dpitte for atoll andifriendly od
juStalellt of Lit 4450 kt,,, ;le s t
7rdPl.l,Y4Le.W.V'tu:sim for- a conclusion
consistent with the honor and- dignity of
both natiuns.
rue .ELsIIEnIES QUESTION.
The course pursued by the Canadian
authorities toward.; the tisleraten of , tise
United States during the past season has
not been marked 17y a friendly feeling.
Br the first article of convention of
1 lR between llreat Britain, and the
United States it was aped that the in
habitiints of - the 1. niter Statel should
have forever, in eommiln with British
•stibjects, the right of taking fish in cer
tain waters therein delind. In' the ~rat
ers not inelitded in the Isnits "named in
the eon vet tio n wi thin 'three *ides Of
parts of the British coait—it hiss been
the custom for twenty yeas to give to in
truding fisheruiewof the United States a
reasonable warning of their violation of
the technical rights of, Great Britain.
The imperial government is understood
to have delegated the whole or a share of
its jurisdiction or controlotthese in-shore
fishing grounds to the colonial authority
known as the Dominion of Canada, and
this semi-independent tart irresponsible
agent has excerised its delegated powers
in an unfriendly way. Vessels have been
seized without notice or warning, in viola
tion of the custom . previously prevailing.
and have lx:en taken into the colonial ,
ports, their voyages broken up, and the .
vessels condemm4l. Them is reason to
believe that this unfriendk and vexations ,!
treatment was designed to bear harshly
upon the hardy fishermen of the United
States With a view to political effect upon '
this government. The statutes of the
Domitt ion of Canada assume a still broad
er, more untenable j aristretion over the
vessels of the United States. They with-
orize officers or persons to toeing vessels I
hovering within three notrine miles of
any of the coasts, bays, creeks, &harbors
of .Canada intoport to Beach -the etirgo,!
' to examine the master on-Oath tonehing
the cargo and veYage, and to inflict upon
him a heavy( pecuniary' penalty if true !
-ansavensike.not given ;send if slide a yes- I
sel is found "prepaking to 'fish"- within
timed marine miles oftany such toasts,
bays, creeks; or harborshvithout o license, ,
or expiration of the period named in .the
! lost lieensiiVSnted . to it; theyfirowide
thatrbeiessnl, fier trwklehi &I/shall
!•be: forfeited. -;II;is not i.known Attat; ;Iffy
' condemnations hard it en made 'under ,!
this •statute.• 'Should! the :•authoritiefil of I
Canadwitttetupt to' °Omen it,it will be
-come mylduty todake etch Steps' as :May
he necessary -to proteettlie rights:of the
ditilenstor. the :Unite States... It has
been claimed by her Illaiettylli officials-'
thatl the vessels of Alscritiiited
'Stu esnhave Ile right .10.. enter--ths" open !
ports of the British posessions inn North
,i.tnerieMeieept for the parphse of! ithel ter
and repairing' - damages ;- for
.Amod and obtaining' , watei ; Mutt thay
have no right to re-enter at the British
-thistoni-iniusei or totride'therecitepf for
the purchase-of vtoodand.wator, and that i
they must depart within twenty-46th .
dionrs .after!notieeio • leniie.“dld , ui ;not
that any solsrire affishing . yea-
-8I:30170g the.tiugzirhd United -States
has been made under this claim. , ;soll-far
rat founded • oivaindi anted
-obkittruotioti,ofiiho-CoitrentionAlof 1818,
it cannot be acquiesced in by the....g'niteil
:States: hOliedritiiitnote tie ibkistr'
-ed °why horlNestf igororattrent. - / c ti
.in the vanprebbEf
the •ittobtistfen , "or Coaveatided .01:
the execution of which' the Inipeiiaf gov-
I eanment is alone responsible: AntiCiplit
ing that an attempt may possibly be made
by the Canadian authorities in the, com
ing season to repeat their ,tioneighborly
acts toward our fishermen; I..retionamend
you to confer upon the Eiecutive the
poiier to suspend by proclaination the
operation of the laws atthoriting the
trim& of goods, 'wares, and. merchandise
fu.boad acrof.s the,forritors of the United
State's to _Canada; „and further, should
such an eXtrenie 'measure 'tricorn° neces
sary, to suspend thelititritiotief "any' laws
whereby the ressels.,of the Dominion of
Canada :are permitted to eqt4r, the waters
of the United States.,, . ., I • 7' • . ••.
THE 'NAVIGATION OF TELY. ST. LAIVIIENC.i.
A like Ilnfrieildl± been
I manifested oil tin, part 4.Canada in the
.inaintinutice of right to ei.
elude the citizens of rho States
from the na.va,giffitzgAiLthe_St. Lawrence e
I This river constitutes a natural outlet to
I tborireiafiT7iigAf StgfeiVltatiqiaigre
i pte population of about 17;60N0300 in
fda4bitants add with an eggfegato,tentiage
I of 601,3.67 tone. upon, .the: Waters *which
discharge,in to it. Thu. foreign.eonuncrce
of ourporfs-on. these Arliteris is-open to
,11ritisikompstition, and ,the, , ,Enajorupart
of it is done in British bottoms. If .the
jeane4,bl I psOpiled ffouoh is
uaftiral eit)ee the24pa lhe.stonopqy
Of tteArge4vaal.*649.f;lll6i4PP
Auic :woull
be ul,foreign
, hen, B,,LtlieV l veSseX litn.„tritusrAtlantic
y_ety4es au:Access focßila4e pmls
'whic4le9 ieau on
"aitliilarvoyageA "Toltate such a ~.kroPo
sNon is tU, refute ilk a iicc ,During
111S1ay_,niloje.ffdnatAIGIL4n9-
or - fbc,‘ 'United SLare.s, to ale navigufaan
of this river, ciaitni.4,tbat the, uetauu of
the Congress of Vicuna in opening the
*-- and AI- - to all ttions
Rhine iiid other rivers ..., all uatiom
showed the judgment Of European jurists
and statesmen ; that the inhabitants of :11
cl.inutry - throngh whiClisi:navi,,,eable river
passes have a, natural :right , to enjoy the
navigation of that river to and into the
sea, even though mishit?, throngli • the
territorletrof" another power. Thil right
does not exclude the &wiper right of the
sovereign possessing the territory through
which the river debonches into the sea - to
make such-regulations' relative to the
navigation as may be -reasonably tieees
&try.; but those regulations shOuld be
craned in a liberal s pirit of. •emnify, toil
should not impose needless burdens' upon
the commerce tylncli .leas, }he ,right of
transit. It has been. found in practice
more, advantageous to arrange these re
gulations . by mutual agreement. The
United States are ready, to make any
reasonable arratgemeut.as to the police
of the St. Lawrence which may be .sug
gested. by Great Britain. If the claim
made by Mr. Clay was just when the
population of the States bordering on
the shores of the ,great .Lakes was
only 3,100,060, it now derives greater
force and equity from the iucrea.sed, perm- I
lation. wealth, production and tonuage of
the States on the Canadian frontier. '
Sines Mr. Clay advanced his argument in
behalf of our right, the principle for
which be contended has been . freqaently
and by various nations been recognized'
by law or by treaty. and has been ex- I
tended to other great rivers. By the '
treaty concluded at Nrayenee in 1831, the I
Rhitie was - declaredl'ree: from the point
where it is first navigable into the sea.
By the convention between Spain and 'i
-Portugal, concluded in 1835, the natiga-
tion of the Douro. throughout its whole
extent. was Made free for subjects of both
crowns. In 1853 the Argentine ;:Confed
eration by treaty threw open free naviga-
than'of ,Parana and Uruguay toitlie: mer
chant vessels of all nations— Iry 18510 the
[ Crimean. war . was 'closed by . a, treaty I
which provided for the free navigation
of. the Danube. ~ In . 18,58 llbiivia,
'll ; treaty, declared th a t. it - re
prded "She Biters :Amazon and LaPlata
as .noconlitinco -with fixed principles: al
flatiCend law,. as.' highways. or channels
topenediihy ultimo fer'ithe . commerce of
ati nations. •4n..1.859c 4 tha Paraguay Waal
I mi k ele.,iyet hp P tsetity,aud in. 'December, I
I .159.6,-.tberliimtperor
. af...Br.azil.j. by.iinVierial
i decree, declared--the Amazon to :be - open
to tho.frontier , of :Brazil .toithir.'merelnin t ,
ships of all natiotta.l, .illie kreatesidiving ,
1 British authority on this, subject l, 4 lie 1
aiSlerfing'llie abstract right of the 'British
lelcijm,'sitysf I .., ... i,,. .
^ - ltrim diffieult - to dmy tittrf i tir'elit
Britairr'"ratifltrourfil her" rlftliiill f tflifin
I strict Idly: butts equally'difiletift:to 'deify
; .-;.first;''lthat - in Str'iloitig. ah . 6X6l+Nes
I harshlyrtin 'extretne.ntid
..bard liw; Iliiii,
I - secimidipliitirlier', - poittlnet •witli'histiost
to the Itavigdtlim :tit tite'LiLgwrOitce . 3B
itVglitrtitglindtiscrediftilice inelimsisteitt,
tenth} beeidtiduct . ..Willi - fdripei"fici j Itite
jitifigatilris oflithe•lifiiisltisittii‘ L "On?llie
It,itifinPlitiVer4 , po'SseSia:ti'iimf@l &Main
•litir.*liicti‘ he . .111-isailslppi took-itsiike;,4le
itiditited 'thl4 ifflit'ttPtitifikaWtlfe entire
ol
- 1 /Oyti d 4 -Ifeittalettk, "finc" . :the - grenind
that mi the iiiiiiikailili hiitly-liak . ks '6l' iliti7fit.
-liirft)biVAliiiielt,PAilti9Li6t-itgele ia
11sitiettgekihitikliffefgatielltota'Staffis
.thelvigiitaitfinisigadinx-iheuerlaiout
1 4
me - RI; ho - i - itiep - ro .— du - asT:a :- IfonTs w eriploy - -
accredited. But the foot exists . that the' t - ,-,•ii;:;„ f„,. as i t „,,,, n . „„ „„,,„„„,„„,
carrying is alnicist . entirely iii - foreign bot-
:Jut to labor at living. wages,in contrast
lonisi Ond while this state. of a ff a i rs 'ex
-1 the pauper labor of the, old world, and
so in the develepement of home re
ititB, Are cannot control our due share of i
That between i
commerce of the merld.
the-Pasifie , litatetramitlhinwandqhmatris 1 4a,,,,, •
about all the,...Farryintradenow co act- I . s '
e 4 iiratatibain te v e .4.. 1it - 1 4- c t : . ol i .
~3 t.. . , REDUCTION on TiI.E.MIIII6I
. . , _.
I would recommend a libefill policy to- i Under theinot of Certgress Oftbe 15th
wards that line of American steamers-- I , day of July, 1870; the army hag oatun
one that will-insure its,sticeess, and even !i f been reduced, ,so 'that' OD 'thy . Ist of
increased usefulness. The cost of build-' al"ulrYi 181 / 1 1 -lio llumbere OftimMiSs
ing iron vessels—the milx_ones that Can i roned. officerrd end Men wlll ',not Mtened
compete L wltliVrtirtiii r 'SHitiklirthe carry- ; the number contemplated laW.
ing trade—is - so - much Treater in the Un- I, The War DepartMent building is an old
i tell lite testthanziir forsogirr.c.onntries, that . structure,. not tire-proof, ',and entirely in
. 'thoritimisMnce from- thegovernment ' adequateHn dimensions to our Present
they cannot , be , Einttessfally built here.' wants. "'Many thousandafof -del rife
There will be several propositions laid , now paid annually for 'refit of private
before Con, , iress, in . the course _of" the I buildings to - . accommodate' =the . varions
PreBent so.ssionvlook - ing, ,to , ti remedy for I burantx of:4li° departMent. I recom
tbis exiyereu if .it,,,shyuli,L lis atsyine,cost ' mend an • appropriation forit• 'new. ' War
A97the natioc4i,' ieasury.::,l,hop - e s i j c li en . ,-Ilepartment -bniling, suitedtili tile , fres
i
`'Catirtietrientl illi t g•i‘'bn - 4.4- vilitinidi, r (Jut , and .growing wantit:wthei intitioh.
-Atnericari"shiyi ing.otf tlies high • Seas -end i , The repOrt...of the - Secretary ofliAti shows
LAiniticarrehirsibiiildirig - anthotati... .• • a" very satisfaatory rednotibtiltf the ei
,.l:: .- -.,1 ...,HrIe.ORTYrZST--011 STATE.: . , rises of the army for:the-last- fiscal year.
ordetails,.you.ure referred to bitifitOm
. The). condition:4)f ...the 'aehires: of the','
panyirry repoit.. • i
1 -Pevait,tnektt 7; of,4totesaills -our tho, early . , . ' ._ ' ,
__,-, ~,...,
, action of -.Congress., T,he building
,now ' THE EXPENSES . 01 , T I E N.I.I'T
I - rented by' Life deptirtmkit le-,a frail - sing- for the' whole of the last year, i-ii.! from
tare, - at an. iii Con irenietft 'aistiint'e from ; i?ecealbdrl;lo, the data - 9l'fhaliiit re
the "..Uxecutivek. Mansiolil and -from - the :Alert,' tire less than 816,000,W, or ahotit
outer,-ilepartmealtt ......I,t itt,illradaptesl, t o
,t 1,000,000 less, henikey Ivetti,:',thtii'itre
- Pe- pnrPosa..fiir r siijO•iLia„..itged„l4ns ,not ''"viatts mir.' The' expensea.iblea,thik_com
eapacit,y to 4c.orrinietbtte the_ atoll 'yes, i Ititiii4r4tient o f this &sar yeaF, if. i r ilk()
Metal is nat.tfk!pliodit i - f,ts - renvite siftfation, JOY •1, •:: she ibr tbe* 'rye mo4tha ~4 .a.e
-'• its sleildWellii§ft•tieticiit,i intl - slid -tibtientic ' t'rette 'of . 6vei $5,40,,0QQ.(thm; ,thOsg.. 9f
!-Of a,supple of:water:hi the beighbmhood ;Itile : ncil'reAlionding Plootlia, or. laiiti I ear
tiok
I. leave.but Attie, hope : of .tiufetry for. either , tstilthitcs for the eurreni-:jefflY* -
the building or its couteuts in.case of the . 205;071.31. "]'hose for.ne igix . ,. 0,-
.a- •nt of lie (I - f l' • la 641 8I ". n'itif R'.i''' '160"" &Ili" id 1' . -
aci e o a Tre. es rye lo_it , Awl ,-,• >, . 1
~
.. ...h.), . fit, IOD
l 'iiii•Alt,i;fl , 4 , li.is, :.i.r.A.L. - 1, rat. : : - ' + -:-._—,::
tgi - ess, of the TrliftiriE'ret•orifi iif the' rtc,_
. volntion - and of the' Cor , lfetleyntiou 1 , of
k the whole serio" di diplomatic dfid. en
I l
Sulr'arehivessiii - ce "the ed'Option of the
Constitution, and of the mans - other
-valuable rechrds and:Paps rs left with that
department .wheh it Ives- the principal
depository of the governineutid archives.'
I recommend as appropriation fur the
construction of a building fur the'Depart
ment of State.'
recomihend to your reconsideration
the propriety of referring to r the Depart
ment of the Interior, to which they seem
more apprvriately to belong, all powers
''and duties In relation to the Territories
14ith which theineparttfieht of State is
now charged-by law or *get; ulidl•from
the-ll:tenor liepartment t,s 1111,,Witr, De
partment the Pension, Bureau, su far as
it regulates the payment of soldiers'
pensions.
I- would further recommend • that the
payment of naval pensions be transferred
to one of the bureaus of the Navy De
! partmen t.
F1N.12 , 7C1A L E ;TIM _1 TES.
The estimates of the expcnses of the
government for the next fiscal year are
*18,214,346,01 less than for the current
year, but exceed the appropriations fur
the present year for the same items $B,-
971,127,5 G. In this estimate, however,
is in'elnded 822,348.278,37 for public
works heretofore begun tinder Congres
sional provisions, and of which only so
much is asked es Congress may choose to
give. The . appropriation for . the same
works hir the pres.at t !icedyeti! . was *ll,-
984,518.08.
sPr.rIT: PA 1 MENTS.
The weernre 'Caine of 0614, as eoMpareil '
with MI tionatenrreticy, for the whole of
the year:lB6o wns•abimt , lB4;und for.scv-
on mouths 0f,117u. the, 64410 Aelativo. yal
ue has been 115, • .
• The npjirenclt to a Spleie basis lib's been
v'erj-'gratitilnk, but the fact -Cannot be
denied flint the instability of tha vane of
our eurronoy ie prejudicial lo.onr.pros
jperity,..aml tendf to keep np pricekto, the .
detriment of trnde., „ . •
• The evils of ridereeirtteti Asa flnetna
tint Currency me Bo great thatk'nbviorhen
'tltg preminm•on gold has falletilsci
itmoultl seen - COW. /ha :time has 4rrirctl
when by, wise ml 4, prudent., legisintion.
ConA•resa Along look, tv ii,which
`Air 'etirretinv '^^'" 'n'ar 'lOlll
Wonfd place Mir . ctirrette'y 'On' i ty parr
day.. r t I respectfully call your attontion cmo
r; The in collected ' from ,the: people has abase of gong 'etandinillitqbh;-00:tild
!Jeep refined& more 4,bap,Vitgito,oo.o,,per ,
to sce reraediiiljt t)i,iir,,tankeSs„ It
annum. 13)E st,colTNis, i itt, ,opti present to reform inAlie serriCsiertne
eoun
course, there is 'no reasea wlry,,,inu lbw ,1, wo uld h av e go .b e y on d a t o n e: re
ithert'yeare,' thO nit ionitl' 4 titt -gatherer fixing , of the ten urerofolllce epilethe
' ratty' not disappear , fiath therliiml of the employee who do not require the -- adifoo
citizen entirely. o ' ,and consent of the Senate to make their
reline :iitArug 41i4pepsod appointments oonigele: I would kro
postnur,terit In everzyjcinit . y, tax itp?it irgovein not the er
liquore'orall sorbl . atitnotalcdd fir MT' its of making altapPoiXiApniti;'• TtitiTO.
foYfini;ifo'd brit *isi3'itiljusttnent l of the I .duty w i t i o b so . muc h' en ibeitht:Ez.
.tafifficthich,will.pUtrTardlity oil' those. ar-, centivo and heads of de ,
eoulik aav;ivittt,
.or .appfilutinelitS; hOt? s thb 'Vr r itch
use fir'iniP " ' ' 1 4 0 4 - ,9 0
iiiere,of than. we prodti,B6, rAyaiie erunigli ! senatora,_on4 lie_preltehfsiim Ga,thaL, of
tnight'be'rdsAd'aYter'ti foite l yt3ars' fietict? I finding - places for constittente•E 4the
amil-ionikitentartanCtieri-: of, indebted-, present systera-dues: trot secure the best
TICION OS, thitill ali:our Orligrsticms:ii ire , Alleuwa nd,otteitzgot.eveu lit Intralosirrib
fat,bor rodnctio.th ex.P6m4o§*Akil.-, latnAninflco
ditiea 1,9 q4notion of ini . ,,eroo,t,"p.unt, ton atifif distiller/ye:lf Oilitos**o - ent
may hafrelipd on.to inalfO,this pratitioa
.; . . • Y*. 5t;6404,01:404:11,41ita.,s t ;6 4 04 ,0 1:4 04: 11 ,41 ita .,
.. ' •
.tret Refonn 1441 in iop=tillin
£Lit implies a Cagetiegi.Otetnlk4 ol l ll W :bae*N ilie4 th '.l4t°4
`'antic of lie Napa e
,lishment,asi t3.9,v/
'
`is,-without r ono, tt...rjp
ttent•
.aPproma.4ft
made forth() e . itent'Yearkiterp
evidently intended liy . .Q4tigree'S.
stifficient only to keel) . The Miry' "cm
presetit footiiig Ely thu rgairifigAdip
, flitting of our Old Thisliobey.rtli*
of course gradtially but snrely,deatreygle
ntitT,. and it' ism teself far froth eo):uniti
cal;'as cacti o year that it is pttratiedtyje
' necessity fbr more lepairs'ittlibilia and
navy-yards bbeomes 'more iMPertitrre aria
mtire -costly, and our current expenses/in.
'an di - tatty inereased for the mere repair Of
ellips, min of - which must. soen...lle4ge
tnufttfe and eyeless. dA r iug :Atka
- present sesSion elfCongrssildbe„ able7to
submit to a plain, by ut r fcb itiv4;*4-
-s els ran be built aria repatis' eader'filils
great 'Ravi 11,7'111;5H the' prOeW
,Coti It
can hardly he wise staternanshiiin tt i gatl-
Oilmen t tr bleb represents coarifil With
over five thousand mites of tea-Cost lino
on both oceans, erelusive of Alaska, and
colon iiiitig forty 'of pregresiiTo
I people with relations of every natro with
&most every foreign country, to rpat,witll
• such inntlerate•menfis of enforOng,,any
foreign policy either ofpriott,.9tion' or:::r9-
! dress. Separated by the oteaW.frorn, 'the
''nations of the eastern continent,int
: vy is our dilly means of direct pi teetlott
to our citizens abroad, or for the enfoi9-
moot of any foreign policy. '
POSTAL.
The accompanying report of.tho Post
inaster-Geueral slioNB a moat satiaractory
working of that department With the
adoption of the recomrdendatiOns
tained therein, particularly. those iclating
to a reform iu the freaking. priviledge
and the adopting of corresponding! mrds,
a self-sustaining postal system May' Speed
h"okeU for, and tit no distant
a:ftirther rctlhetioa At the 'rate of postago
lle,attaiucd. recommend -authorization
by Congress to-, the • Ristmasterideneral
and -Attorney-General to issnefigl
dons to offletals appointed' tbrOugh"their
respCdire'depiiimet4 1014e4erlit-th'eff°
commissions, iwliere appomtmenta aro
Presidential, are issued by 'the Shan De
partment. The law "in all 'the depart;
.menu of giriernment 'ex&pttliOsibr , lbe
and of JUstiee, authOrir,es each
to,isstio its own,vornmissiona : •
f ittiotor
'Ale vs favOring ,reforms;
.~ is 1~.,