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A. J. GERRITSON, Publisher,'
ADDRESS OF THE ITAVIONAL . UN-
lON CONVENTION,
To THE PEOPLE OF TUE UNITED STATES
Having met in Convention, at the city
of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsyl
vania, this 16th day of August, 1866, as
the representatives of the people in, all
liectiones and all the States and Territo
ries of the,Union,-to consult upon the con- -
dition and wants °roam country; we 'ad
dress to you this' deelaratien of our
principles, and. of the political purposes
we seek 1,0 promote.
Since the meeting of the last National
Convention, in the year 1860, events have
occurred which have changed the charac
ter of our internal politics and given the
United States .a ,newTplace among the
nations of the earth. Our government
has passed through the vicissitudes and
the perils of war—a war which, though
mainly sectional in its character, has
nevertheless decided political differences
that from the beginning of the government
had threatened the unity of our national
existence, and has left, its impress deep
and ineffaceable upon all-the intensts, the
sentiments and the &witty of the repub
lic. While it has inflictad upon the whole
country severe losses in life awl in, prop
erty, and has imposed burdens' whi c h
must weigh on its resources tot genera
tions to conie,h has developed a degree of
national courage in the presence of nation
al dangers, a capacity for military organ
ization and achievement, and a devotion
on the part of the people t the form of
government which they have ordained,
and to the principles of liberty which
that government was designed to promote,
which must confirm the confidence of the
natirtri in the perpetuity of its republican
institutions, and command the respect of
the civilized world.
Like all great contests which rouse the
passions and test the endurance of nations,
this war has given new scope to the am
bition of politeal parties and fresh impulse
to plans of innovation and reform.—
Amidst the chaos of conflicting sentiments
inseparable from such an era, while the
public heart is keenly alive to all the pas
sions that c.tn sway the public judgment
and affect, the public action ; while the
wounds of war are still fresh and bleeding
on either side, and fears for the future
take unjust proportions from the memo
rie,: and resentments of the past, it Is
but au imperative duty which on
V.341r behalf we who are here assembled,
have undertaken to perform.
For the first time alter six long years
or alienation and of conflict we have
come togother from every State and every
p-minti 4,f (nu land ciLiz-ni of a com
mon country, under that flag, the symbol
fiz,in of common glory, to consult, te•-
g,:her hoar best to cement and perpetu
ate that Union which is again the object
of our common love, and thus secure the
blessings of liberty to ourselves and our
posterity.
In the first place, we invoke you to re
member al ways and everwhere, that the
war is ended, and the nation is again at
peace. The shock of contending armies
BO longer assails the shuddering heart of
the republic. The insurrection against
the supreme authority of the nation has
been suppressed, and that authority has
been again acknowledged, ,by word and
act, in every State and lty every citizen
within its jurisdiction. We are no long
er required or 'permitted to regard or
treat each other as enemies. Not only
have the acts of war been discontinued
and the weapons of-war laid aside but
the state of war no longer exists, and the
sentiments, the passions, the relations of
war have no longer lawful or rightful
place anywhere throughout, our.broad do
main. We - are again people of thetnited
States, fellow-citizens of one country,
bound by the duties and obligations of a
common patriotism, and 'having neither
rights nor interests apart from a conmmon
destiny. The duties that devolve upon
us now are again the duties of peace,
and
no longer the duties of war. We have
•
assembled here to take counsel concerning
the interests of peace; to decide how we
may most wisely and effectually' heal the
wounds the war has made, and perfect
and perpetuate the benefits it has secured,,,
and the blessings which, under a wise and
benign Providence, have sprung up in its•
fiery track. This is the work, not I:of pas
sion, but of calm and sober judment; not
of resentment for past offences, prolonged
beyond the limits which jnstice.and reason
prescribe, but of a liberal statesmanship,
which tolerates what it cannot prevent,
and builds its: plans and its hopes for the
future Tether upon .n community of inte
rest and Ambition:than 'upon distrust and
the ireaporks of ,force.
In t'he next place we-call upon yon to"
recognizes, in their:, fnliiignificance, and
to accept. with-ill their legitimate conse
quences, the political results ,of the war
just closeit In two most ittiportant par
ticulars the victory achievedbr,the, na
tional government has been :final-end de
cisive. • - First; it has, established :beyond
all further vontroversy, And bribe highest
of all human sanctions; the absiolute su
premacy of - the:national.gdverunient as
defined and liMited by tiin opnatitntion of
the United'States, and the .t*.fnianeut in
tegrity and indissolubilitrof the - federal
rninwas on
tisairy tonsequenii-, 9 and,,
second, it has put an end‘fhially'and Tat:
ever to the existence of slavery upon.
the soil or within the jurisdiction of the
United States. Both these points became
directly involved in thecentest, and con
troversy upon both was ended absolutely
and finally by the result.
In the third place, we deem it of
the utmost importance that the real char
acter of the war and 'the victory by which
it was closed should be accurately under
stood. The war was carried on by the
government of the United States in main,
tenance of its own authority and in de%
fence of its existence, both of which were
menaced by the insurrection which it
sought to suppress. The suppression of
that insurrection accomplished that result.
The government of the United States
maintained by force of arms the supreme
authority over all the territory and over
all the States and people within its juris
diction which the constitution confers
upon it; but it acquired thereby no new
power, no enlarged jurisdiction, no rights
either of territorial possession or of civil au
thority which it did not possess beforethe
rebellion broke out. All the rightful
power it can ever possess is that which
is conferred upon it, either in express
terms or by fair and neccessary implica
tion, by the constitution of the United
States. It was that power and that. an
thorii y which the rebellion sought to over
throw, and the victory of the federal
arms was simply the defeat of that at
tempt. The government of the United
States acted throughout the war on the
defensive. It sought only t o hold possess
ion of what was already its own. Nei
ther the war nor the victory by which it
was closed changed in any way the con
stitution of the United States. The war
wai carried on by virtue of its provisions,
and under its limitations which they pre
scribe, and the result of the war did not,
either enlarge, abridge or in any way
change or affect the powers it confers
upon the federal government, or release
that government from the restrictions
which it has imposed.
The constitution of the United Starts is
to-day precisely as it was before the war,
the " supreme law of the land, anything
in the constitution or laws of any State
to the contrary notwithstanding ;" and
to-day, also, precisely as before the war,
all the powers not conferred by the con
stitution upon the general government,
nor prohibited by it to the States, are
"reserved to the several States, or to the
people thereof."
This position is vindicated not only by
the essential nature of our government,
and the language and spirit of the consti
tution, but by all the acts and. the lan
guage of our government. in all its de
partments, and at all times, from the out
break of the rebellion to its final over
throw. In every message and proclama
tion of the Executive it wai explicitly
declared that the sole object and purpose
of the war was to maintain the authority
of the constitution and to preserve the
integrity of the Union; and Congress,
more than once reiterated this solemn
declaration, and added the assurance
that whenever this object should be at
tained the war should cease, and all. the
States should retain their equal rights and
dignity unimpaired. It is only since the
war was closed that other rights have
been asserted on behalf of one depart
ment of the government. It has been
claimed by Congress that in addition to
the powers conferred upon it by the con
stitution, the federal government may
now claim over the States, the territory
and the people involved in the insurrec
tion, the rights of war, and the right of
confiscation, the right to abrogate all ex
isting governments, institutions and laws,
and to subject the territory conquered
and its inhabitants to such laws, regula
tions and deprivations as the legislative
departments may see fit to impose. Un
der this broad and sweeping claim that
clause of the constitution which provides
that "no State shall without its consent
be deprived of its equal suffrage in the
Senate of the United States" has been
annulled, and ten States have been refused
and are still refused, representation alto
gether in both branches of Congress.- And
the Congress in which only a part of the"
Staves, and of the people of the Union,
are represented has asserted the right to
thus exclude the rest from representation
and; front all share in making their"oWn
lawa or cboosingtbeir own rulers until
they shall comply with such condition and
perform such acts as this Congress thus
comptised may itself prescribe. That
right has not only been asserted, but it
has.: be:enlexgreised, and is praolially; ren::
forbid nettle peseta tide. Nor does, if
find any supporkinthe theory, that the
States tlfus - exeludetrare Tin rebellion
alf.Ainst the•gaveranientiatid therefere
precluded from,sbaring in its authority..
They,arn not
.thus in rebellion:, They are
one and all in an attitude of Royalty
towards the government, and of sworn
allegiance to the .constitution r ot' the.
Unitod:;Statea. ,In .no ::one of them is
there the slightest indication of resistance
toaythority;er th - e:s li ghteat pretest
agamst jtistand
The condition ..of renewed;-loyalty has
1604 OfficiallY reungikedbikAetnil-Pien
lamation,of the Ereentivecpepartment.
The laws of the United - States have-been.
extended Congresd'ever, aIL , the
States and the people thereof': Federal
MONTROSE, PA., TUESDA.Y, AUG. 28, 4866.
Courts ha4e ' been reopened; and federal
'taxes imposed and levied : and in, every
respect, except that they are denied rep
resentation' in Congress and the Electoral
College, the States once in rebellion are
recognized as holding the same position,
as owing the same obligations, and sub
ject to the same duties as the other States
of our common Union.
It seems to us, in the exercise of the
calmest and most candid judgment we
can bring to the subject, that such a claim,
so enforced, involves as fatal an overthrow
of .the authority of the constitution, and
ai complete a destruction of the govern
ment and the Union as that which was
sought to be effected by the States and
the people in armed insurrection against
them both. It cannot escape observation
that the power thus asserted to exclude
Certain States from representation is made
to rest wholly in the will and discretion
of the Congress that asserts it. It is not
made•to, depend upon any specific condi
tions or circumstances, nor to be subject
to any rules or regulations whatever.—
The right asserted and exercised is' abso
lute; without qualification or restriction,
not confined to States in rebellion, nor to
States that have rebelled ; it is the right
of any Congress in formal possession of
legislative authority to exclude any State
or States, and any portion of the people
thereof, at any time, from representation
in Congress and in the Electoral College,
of its own discretion and until they shall
perform such acts and comply with such
conditions as-it may dictate. Obviously,
the reasons for such exclusion, being
wholly within the discretion of Congress,
may change as the Congress itself shall
change. One Congress may exclude a
State from all share in the government
for one reason ; and, that reason removed,
the next Congress may exclude it for an
other. One State may be excluded on
one ground to-day, and another may be
excluded on the opposite ground to-mor
row. Northern ascendency may exclude
Southern States from ne Congress ; the
ascendancy of Western or Southern %in
terest, or of both com bs ed, may exclude
the Northern or Eastern States from the
next. Improbable as such usurpations
may seem, the establishment of such prin
ciple now asserted and acted upon by
Congress will render them by no means
impossible. The character, indeed, the
very existence of Congress and the Un
ion is thus made dependent solely and
entirely upon the party and sectional ex
igencies or forbearance of the hour.
We need not stop to show that such
action not only finds no warrant in the
constitution but is at war with every
principle of our government and at war
with the very existence of free institutions.
It is, indeed, the identical practice which
has rendered fruitless all attempts hither
to to establish and maintain free govern
ments in Mexico and the States of South
America. Party necessities assert them
selves as superior to the fundamental law,
which is set aside in reckless obedience to
their behests. Stability, whether in the
exercise of -power, in the administration
of government or in the enjoyment of
rights becomes impossible; and the con
flicts of party, which under constitution.
al governments are the conditions and
means of political progress, are merged
in the conflicts of arms, to which they
directly and inevitably tend.
It was against this peril so conspicuous
and so fatal to all free governments that
our constitution was intended especially
to;provide. Not only the stability but
the very existence of the government is
made by its provisions to depend upon
the right and the fact of representation.
The Congress, upon which is conferred
all the legislative power of the national
government, consists of two branches,
the-senate and House of Representatives,
whose joint concurrence or assent is es
sential to the validity of any law. Of
these the House of Representatives, says
the constitution, (article 1, section 2,)
"shall be composed of members chosen
every second year by the people of the
several States." Not only is the right of
representation thus recognized as possess.
ed by all the States and by every State,
without restriction, qualification or con
dition of any kind, but the duty of choos
ing representatives is imposed npoh the
people of each and every State alike,
withoht • distinction' or the authority to
make distinctions among them, for' any
reason or upon any grounds whatever.—
And in the Senate so careful is the con
stitution to secure to every State this
right of representatien it is expressly prd
vided that "no State shall, without its
consent,be deprived of its equal euffrage"
in that body, even by an amendment of
the constitution itstiff.`'When, therefore,
'any State is excluded front snob represen
•Aation, novenly is a rigbt.of a State de
nied,. but • the constititional integrity of
the Senate is impaired, and the validity
of the government itself is brought , •in
question. But Congress at the present,
moment thus exoludes.from representad
Ilion; in , both , branches of -Congress - , ten
States •of the. , Union, denying them , all
there in; the enahtment of laws by which
they are to <begovernedi•and all partici
pation in the election of the rulers by
which those laws.are to be enforced, ' In
other ;words; s'Congress in :which - only
twenty-six States are , represenjed; asserts
the right to govern, absolutely, and in its
own discretion, all the thirty-six Sfatea l
which compose the Union---16 Make their
laws and choose their rulers;: and to ex.:
oludethe other ten,from all ehare in their ;
own-government until it sees , fit to admit
them thereto. What is there to distin;
guish the power thus asserted en'd
cised from the most absolute 'findl'intoleA.;
table tyranny P -
. - $2,7 tiukgt.eXtra-VArta:
claims on the part of Congress to powers
and authority never co n ferred upon, the
government by the
,'constitution find any
warrant in
,the argumenti ot , exetides urg
ed on their behalf. rt is . alleged,
First—That these States, by the act of
rebellion and voluntarilywitldrawing their
members from Congress, forfeited their
right of representation, and that they,
can only receive it again at the hands of
the supreme legislative authority of the:
government, on its own terms and at its .
own discretion. If representationin Con
Gress and participation in the government
were simply privileges conferred and held
by favor, this statement might babe the
merit of plausibility. But representation ,
is, ender the Constitution, not only ex- .
pressly recognized as a right, but it is ini
posed as a duty; and it is essential in
both aspects to the existence of the gov
ernment and to the maintenance of its
authority. In free governments funda
mental and essential rights cannot be for
feited, except against individuals by due
process of law; nor can constitutional
obligations be discarded or laid aside.—
I The enjoyment of •rights may be for
a time suspended by the failure to claim'
them and duties my be evaded by th 4 re
fusal to perform them. The withdrawal
of their members from Congress by the
States that resisted the general govern
ment was among the acts of insurrection
—was one of the means and agencies by
which they sought to impair the authority
and defeat the action of the government,
and that act was annulled and rendered
void when the insurrection itself was
suppressed. Neither the right of repre
sentation nor the duty to be represented
was in the least impaired by the fact of
insurrection ; but it may have been by
reason of the insurrection the conditions
on which the enjoyment of that right and
the performance of that duty for the time
depended could not be fulfilled. This
tins, in fact, the case. An insurgent
power, in the exercise of usurped and
unlawful authority in the territory under
its control, had prohibited that allegiance
to the constitution and laws of the United
States which is made by that fundamental
law the essential condition of representa
tion in its government. No man in the
insurgent States was allowed to take the
oath to support the constitution of the
United States, and, as a necessary conse
quence, no man could lawfully represent
those States in the councils of the Union.
But this was only an obstacle to the en
joyment of the right and to the discharge
of a duty—it did not annul the one nor
abrogate the other; and it ceased to exist
when the usurpation by which it was cre
ated had been overthrown, and the States
again had resumed their allegiance to the
constitution and laws of the United States.
Second—But it is asserted, in support of
the authority claimed by the Congress
now in possession of power, that it flows
directly from the laws of war; that it is
among the rights which victorious war
always confers upon the conquerors, and
which the conqueror my exercise or waive
in his own discretion. To this we reply,
that the laws in question relate solely, so
far as the rights they, confer are concern
ed, to wars waged between alien -and • in-,
dependent nations, and pan have no place
or force in this regard to a war waged by
a government to suppress an insurrection
of its own people, , upon its own soil,
against its authority. If we had carried
on a successful war against any foreign
nation we might thereby have acquired,
possession and jurisdiction of their soil,
with the right tnenforce our laws upon
their people and to impose upon them
such laws and such • obligations as. we
might choose.. But we had before the
war completejurisdietion over the soil of
the Southern States, limited only. by our
own constitution. Our laws were • the
only laws , in force upon it. The govern,
mont of the United States was the only
government through which those; ;States
and their people had relations with ;for
eign nations, and its flag was the only Lag
by which they were recognized or known
anywhere on the face of the earth. In
all these respects, and in all other respects
involving national interests and rights,.
our possession was perfect-and complete.
'lt did not need: to bencquired, - bat 1: only
to be! maintained; and • victorious war
against, .the rebellion could do, nothing
more than, maintain it. It could .only.
vindicate and re=establish the disputed
supremacy of the constitution.. It could
neither enlarge nor diminish the anthor
ity which that constitution confers , upon
the goveroingm, by which it was achievedl
Such • an, enlargement or abridgment,- of
constitutional power can .be effected only ,
by au, amendment •of the, constitution
itselfond such amendment can be. made ,
only in the modes whieb the constitution
itself prescribes., The claim 'that, the sup
pression of a insnrrrcition aginst the.gow
emmeq, gives additional power and an.
ithority to that government,,.especially
that it enlarges the jurisdiction of Con-
. .
•
In I?, ff 40 , 6
mizricr
:2 hYRMA 4 I I 4 VAPI 4111t04, •IgrtbANNPF4II4-11-'
great' an4-gives thatthiArktbelightAnkexci
citid : e States, fr e nh TeprAsetttatien i nit i , the.
national omens, ,withotif
HAW eau have no' ailldilfT'
istebce;'seetfill'toiis'tit'ittsritareealik Willi
the, principles df thgconatiinlion andriwith:
the Pehlietig44-itc)
ViircllftitA lit alleged; pe t t /A. Certo*
ncenstantton of' the Vatted`
Bintia'fills to' Bebunitli9'tiNChtitilr*T6 ;
tind`.impattititequilit*Twhichi=the' prinelif
plea,Ofi.otal govematunttquiroi;.thato , ,ito
Tits A l .4tbMlWPeq4444,9ftgftlin. 4i.3lfTPoilitt
prom tees Ana .copeetypons„flyrlaiili,
eveil ileceesaity 'wiled the' W 55
inded - U
form ed; '-i;en 'tie qbdgei If&
submit and that now having the pow*.
through successfulAvar-and just warrant
for its exereigideleite'lioatfloonduct of
the ii?tetirgeut section, the, 'equal, govern
me4 the imet, ItePPePt
its owc.eo.iflifie s ee v elita illete,thes*,eotttin
tetion ccinin for 4,4 its, proyisietis..tco i tts,
owe , id* q egg ality,„ .4414 , the, ,of
1 7}4a, ,congress . , at Ittlsleet,egke*SP.TePeel
e4.aTee,a'Plehtl t9lo l qlo7l l j4ttgtiP/k eFair.g7 ,
Mg_ m soma very important puTA4, I We :
thatinthority of ,tie geneial..,goirsrolnettt ,
over that of. the r verar,s,tetes,',an4
ducing)laY 4 1 fp4 OisriAuohisppe.pmh:
resentativemigr,ok W 3.841143 Ivbich
slavery formerlY existed eeff ; ,o
ed that these amendments rosy;
valid as parts of the orlgitial„,oertitutioß
without the concurrence, of ; the : teteS ip l,p,
be most seriously , atect e4 14y 0 1 10 1 4,
be, unposed , npon. Statesl:ty:thre€
fourths of the remaining, States,, as,, non:,
ditieriS of their readmission tare - present:4l
tinn, in Congress 'Mid .10 •thii Ttecteral . '
Tt is the nequeetionaiila "ortha
people of the Vatted States, to Make such
changes in , the coestitition ; : they,,,oe
due deliberation, may deerriexpedient;—
But we insist that they shall be made in
the mode which the constit4tion
points out—in conforMity with, tlin, letter
and spirit of thatinstrement„ and with,
the, principles of sielf-g,overnineit, and cif
equal rights whieh at 6e' b4sis of : Mir,'
republican institutiOns, deny the;
right'of congreiti to make these elianges
in the fundamental' law Without
three-fourths the con
currence of threrths of all the r Stetes,
including especially those to be most
rionsly affected by them; or to ittipoiiii
them upon States or People as, conditions
of representation, or el' 'admission to any,
of the rights, duges er'Oblidatiorts which
belopg under the constitution, to all the,.
States alike. Alia with still greater emr
phasis do we deny the right of any por
tion of the States - Ili Vinlediiikilhe rest of
the States froniany share in their councils,
to propose or sanction changes in the con
stitution which are to affect permanently
their political relation's &lid eontroPcr co-'
erce the legitimate action of the several
members of, the common Union. Such/
an exercise of power is simply a nstapa* ,
tion ; just as unwarrantable when eefer-:
cised ,by Northern States Is it , would be
if exercised by. Southern, and not to be
justified or palliated by anything_ in the
past history either by those by •whom it
is attempted or of ',those upon whose
rights and liberties it-is to take effent..
finds no warrant in the constitution. • It
is at war with ,the fundamental. urinciples
of our form of government. If'tolerated
in one instance, it becomes the precedent
for future invasions of liberty and consti
tutional right, dependent solely epic the
will of the,-party In tiossesaiork of power,.
and thus leads, by direct :; and necessary
sequence, te the ,niost fatal and intolerable.
tyrattnies,--ths.,Ayrumy, .01 shifting , and
irresponsi bl e tical faction is against
thie, the most ferinitlahle of all the
gers which, nte.naee the stabilitr.of:fr,ee
goyenunent that ,the constitution of .the,
'United States was, intended • to .provide.
Welign4na a 44 - iot.and steadk*,,adher
allege tp its previsions. In this and this.
alone, can, we find a,basie of permaneet,
nglee - • r
Foyr4h-r-Puy t it.is alleged in justification
of the. usurpation ly)lictti we condemn,
that the 'condition of the Southern Stpteal
,and people is not—strelpas renders safe I
,their readmissicitilfdriiiharW in the gov
erinneht Of the • country; : th - at a thby:.i&
still disloyal in sentiment -and ptirPose,-
and that neither the honor, the Credit nor
; ; the intereatof the nation 'would be safe:
if they were.readniitfed taitscouncils.—.4.
We might reply to this;--First, that , we
havemaright; fdr-such reasons, to . :deny
to any portion of the.. States or' people
rights expressly conferred upon them by
the constitution the United -States;
second; that ad long as their acts are those
of loyalty—so long as they conform. in
all their public.-conduct tatliel:requirce
ments of the constitution and-laws-I*nm
have no right to exact front theta. eon.•
formity in their sentiments and Iminions
to our own ; fhird,-Iliat we have no right
to distrust the-purpose Or the" ability - of
the people of the :Union to tik.eist
defend, under all' contingencies anti '107"
whatever mean§ may be'requittedot6 hon.'
pr and itsi-welfare. ' ' "
These would, in our judgment, be' full
and cetielusivei'/instrers to ,the ;plea 'time
.4avancedifor the .exelusion of.these Stat4S
frObl:/1110 Ittit we say, furthero
that thieplea Mita upon a ~ coMpyite iniew
apprehension:or an unjust porvemonof,et..!
isting_.footil.;• •
We do not hesitate to affirukithattkore ,
is no section of the country where the
rtrIitIiZACCMIEWM;
Pg - 9.4.1t r iPa0114,1 5 1 3 .:14 , 1r 1 1 1 11141
States ng . a m?re prolopt. sp MO%
,cfeeieAttaii"Aii thosb idoPg.
0160 4 leopietiilibili4e
against them; in—wher less pur
;pose or Asigivinfolhf2rittifoglittiapt to
4 13efirttikeirlaAlt.ati,ty4r/t Solooklisedim
tll l 9 t ht / PSI T AN4.49€!;44 2 )4POO4I.!iitg
as and "sectiolls so reoeutlyAwdpt,. br i
it Ott!,
;nary modes and methods abittirt
;dusty leettnboalreitanpasud, o
ibon44 arlajtel44,-thAtigliarantekiftkcial .
:older faie:boon.4lastrOys?Ku r t ,
dt. o 'tort)" vit
880" rem a
'tirecdiseiplingeflwarand :thienVe ititkirtir
resources -or salitraint upon c digaigsalis
sense q t
l i zed-FaaRA9 eßfliatiyiailANOfigt
teq,ll34l Q d 40,akspvertkovr o
arillitiViriltid i teope-tztoeii.s Of irieleum
Shedd:defy fare time the inliieffeit t AW
of line of law. find -excite anew the' *irk )
o ,tlie,pgriutio;aud well.disposed:w nviel
tmue.s.tippaMyfl Oat4o4s/ disturbance,'
kmdwompaniKbtm °
41eleide, ,
Ocoir. Bu'th l%
°drfted' Eintirely i tO rcgi )
'towns of the Sonthern-Stittes;*hefedir'
interests , ari3J twoughto
'4YlshiSkokefr 9 t. 101.1.844.1 w4rddpase9
mods and resentments ar i elalwsys, must i
edsilY Ted itha ouibrefik k and
even r thelo they ere'
fruity of untimely-and hartfulliolittairdleo
litation as of any hostility on ths:zpart, of;
'the people to the authority of theliation
al goverumetzw cl 3 !, 11.13;icti
:P,4 ttl! 3 !ool?Prorl'eut testimony pf Wale
tioest acq,naieledwith„the concliti9a4farm
ciet l y aii'the state a of pnbliqspetlinent pi
the Eleihtli; inelficliag thit of hsilepreset t
tatives irethie ConventiCon;:eitilditibtisile
fact that the:great mass:of the`Swithinii =
people accept, - "with as : falLand .eincerso
eubmi,esion r, as, do .thepeeple.ll. of -
the' other States the ~re-gstahlishqdt ,
supremacy of the national iitliori l tb i POO,
are prepared , in the most UM' iitarit,a44"
' with, , a zeal quickened; alike by' theleteit'
and Oleic pride, : t ‘ oco l operate, witiPother.;
States and. sections in whatevermay-he•
necisi3kai'Y to defend the righte,',,maintain
the honor and' prettioti3 tbs . vielfiire t - of OnS I,
common , !country. '• ' '' ' ' -,--"*:' ''''''
, History affords no ,instancerwhereW:
Reople; so.power fe l in numbers,. in-resonNi
coo aria in PubP943,p4it,.aftsr; a wa r „s o ,
ldri g io ligi - Olition, so deiti•tictive in its.
progreds'airdsoildversto in he liscie, tnie
accepted defeat and its consequences - Wih
so much of good faith as-has , marked-the,
conduct of ; the peciple lately in insurree-:
tion against the United States, Beyond J
all question this has heed largely duelo''
the wise generosity- with -which their•eii:
foXced; surrender; was" ticceptied' by: tht
President of the. United States •aed4hyo
gepeTais in immolate ; command of :their
arrnies, and to the liberal mialura t s wtoiA:
Were`afterwards taken to restorc. order p
tranquility-18nd 1&w to 'the'Siatei where ,
all had for the time been trverthroivrt.'N64
steps could -have been ,better: calciulated
to (xtmratuul the respect; win . - the: con&4l
deuce, revive, the. patriotism: find senate;
the permanent and affectionate allegkrnitio
of•the,people of the,South, to•ibe,COnsti
tutien-and lavis of thelTnion than, thpswt
Which have teen so firmly taken and so ,
steadfastly • penned by thir Priloltintit, 'or
the ;United Statesi :And if that - Confidemsk )
oOd:leyalty,bavel been sinceimpairedi if
the people of . the 1 South age ~to7 d ay Jest.;
cordial in ihea:4llegianee than tiaty,nred
inttnedidtelY tipon the close "of': theow,,
we believie it is dire to' the 'oliariged'tedi,
of the legislative department of the gith. -1
eui! , govern megt, to w.ards 1-them ;•Ffrio the
aotipn h j y, whic h congress,
.has opsteavv.,3
ed' to Suppla4t a n d dares the PAcsidenyis i i
wise? add - lien e
etre - cut pOl iei Of restoration ; r ,
to theii exclitsiOn front' all :partielpitinn '
in .our common_goiternment; to the tivitliA
drawal, from them of.tharights exmferrek4
and guaiantied by the Constitution,,son,4l
to the -evident , purppae of Congresa t il),
.thiPeierase - Ota "taunted 'and nntailiftif'
tintboiity,!ta re'duce: r thiefriiin the riiiik'
of!free and equal: tiacirnberi tot • tertinbkikr
of States, , vrjth• Righ la and :dignities. unim , :I
paiVed, to? tie? . ocond 'tiny of poequcand pror,.
videos and It conquered people, in.,411 : ,
:thing* tottlitirdintife diodsubjeCt route
', cif their; continetortirpf - free" Only 't'O to '
:lawn in ::. malangi which Ailey - are' net' '"I
loaftd .to OtiPri• , ..0, , r , ,- ' ~ . 1,. ::-;: •",„,),TJ
No people has ever yet. e4etelliAgsty ln
loyalty and faith such.tresimentiong con
:tinned would ;pot alienate fwd. impitime
AO the tep
_pillions f M;! 3 # (l 4 l2 NAl 3 9;it
live in the South Wen! be - untrcrt l fx tti )
'zees of it . fiee ebtnitiy,`, eganiatef Sons or,
"an ;t WA:ohs:fin ciestryi un : ere r tti-litobeitie'''
uardians of the rightsland. , liberties be‘ , .'
queathed .us by, the father; and foitndyra,„
Of the rep?b!i!, if they Pould AcPePti 70th.a
funitiiiiptaiiiipgsiibmtietieness, the hittpo 7
~,
intiOnti shits* 809,ghtleboffimptised - nluiii
tbenu ; :---. ;. • co •,'??.. - ,tiJ . ~r .1. . . :ali t
Besentipont,o,f; injustiep is alwayecandct ,
e vcUlfhtsr,° cgseoPl' o greqaPrrh,a!td the .ta
iipirit which pro'ropts the States and
'ple late ly in insurrection, but Ansurgtinl
nOw-rio' longet; to :prtotOktaoinit'thpltn !
position. of itinjOt iiridi
r diigradngliopdP":,'
tnatres'them all the pinto 'wortliy i ttru
share 4n 'the goliertiiirent Of `ali j eel',boax:"."
and 'giros itillibithei
Audi tirthelutOre'poWOr'inia
110 repablid. ).-140"WiratOnr,
rtY the Sciuthern piciptenniy have lion:* ' l '
ed in resisting the authority of the nit•
~~~~~~~J~~ J
STERILMO
3T821H