Tatlitorintosz DEMOCRAT,
TS :PUBLISHED THURSDAYS, BY
AL. T. CA•eivialtscoia.
OFFICE ON PUBLIC AVENUE,
DOORS ABOVE &EMILE.% HOTEL. •
TERmi.-41,, - 56 per aumith in ADvAxen ; I
'otherwise $2 will be eturged—and fifty eents per annum
added to armaragea, atthe option brqie Publisher, to pay
elpeure of collection, tic. ADvaitci paynfsit preferr e d.
'
':Anvuirrisitattnirs will be inserted at the
rate of St per square, of ten Hoes or less; for the first three i
Tacks, oiad. 23 *eats for omit Odltionat week—pay,down.
Merehantia, — .and Others, M! ' ho advertise by
the year, viii be charged at the felloiiing rates, viz.;
For one aostart, or fru, orte year, lath changer ta
' Eaok adettioaelsoodre, at (Ae rati of 6 •
No credit glrennztept to those of known responsibility. ;;
BUSINESS CARDS.
vs FILIMTIESPIMOPER •
W3l. H. COOPER & CO., '
-- DANKER S.—Montrose, Siseetssors to Post. Cooper
&...Co. Office; Lathrops'new bonding, Turnpike.st.
at'cop.rx •l ' T. W. SEARLE.
)fcCOLLU3.i •it SYARLE, •
.TTBRNEYS and Counsellors at Law,—ltcrntnare, Ya
21. Oaten pathrops' agar butldlnz, over the Bank.
HENRY B. 3.eK . EAN,
ITOR2CET and Cannaellor at Law.—TOWANDA, Pa
°Mee in the Union Block. yes b 3 tf
DR. E. F. WIIIMOT,
dit RADUATE of the Allopathic and Ilomcedpathic Col
- 11,31 - love of ldedlcine.—Great Bend Pa. °dice, corner
, of Maln at Elizabeth-err, nearly opposite the Idethodist
• 1,06 rf
DR. WILLIAM-W. WIIEATON,
ECLECTIC PHYSICIAN, & :SITSGEON DENTIST.
WITH mt. MYRON Ir i IIEATOH, .
is
Mechanical anti Surgical Dentist, ntly of Binghamton,
N. Y. tender their professional se era to all 'who appre
ciate the "Reformed Practice of ysic" Careful And
sailifni operations on Teeth: with e most scientific and
approved - styles of •platework. Teeth extracted without
pain *Mall work warranted. , ; - ': -
Jackson, June 14th, MI. i i r.
DR. H. SMITH 47 SON,
‘;, l DRO.F.ON DENTlSTS , —liontro4e,--Pi..
00111celn Lathmpit" new buildingi. (wet
the- Bank. Al! Dental operations will be giiii s i d i a
performed in good style and warranted. •
J. C..OLIVSTEAD.
DRS. OLMSTEAD& BEAD •
IVOTILD ANNOUNCE to the Public
that they have entered into pt partnership for the
Practice of MEDICINP, & Surgery,
slid are prepared to attend tmall calls in' the line of their
profession. Office—the .. one formed ()abided by Dr. J. C.
Olmstead, in Et.:\ f DAFT. my 73m.
. - DII. N. Y. LE I • ET '
. . ,
Paysiclan pail Surgeon Frieneisrille. Pa. o.tais opposite
..
• ..,P . ' M eJackson HouSe.
R. 1.171' gires. particular attention to the treatment 1
F.
Dof (licenses of the EAR and trr i and is confident that
. 1
his knowledge of. and experience in that branch of prae—.l
lice will enable him to effect a core! in the most difficult
• cases. For treating diseases of theSe organs no f i e win i
be charged flutes* the patient is benefitted by the treat- 1
anent: , . . ' : [August :Vth.lS£Sl.
SOLTTHWORTH & tADAKIN
ATANUFACTURERS JIND DEALERS in Italian and
ITI. American Marble_ for 31onkiments, • Headstone,
Tomb-Tables. Mantles. Slriks and ;Centre.Tablea. Also
dealers In Marbleized Slate for r'sdn.ro•Tables,
*.. Shop ntew doors cast of Scarp's ilOtel on Turnpike
I.trect, 7,foutrose. nor S*
•.
W3I. A. SNOW, •
11.,.STICE OF TIIE PEACE.--Grent ;Bend, Pa. 0111,..
*/ on Main street, opposite the Westein ap4
JOHN SAUTTER, : • *_
steio.N.km.E TAILOR.-24fontroPe.' Pa. Shoff
-11: over I. N.-Dullard's Grocery, on Main-street.
Thriukfnl for past thrum, he solicir4 a continuance
—pletleinc,•ltimselfto do all work satisraetorily. Cut
tine done on short notice. and warrantedlo fit.
Montrose. Pa.„ July Ent,. IS6o.—tf.
• •
B. "LINES
I.7.fismoNADT.E TAlLOR .—M ontrose . Pa- Shop
U Pluenis Block, over store of Watrons •
Foster. .All work warranted, tie to fit and finish.
l'unitt done on short notiee,ln best style. Jan 'GO
.
.TOIIN OR.OVES:, -
• .
1 ASHIONABLE TAILOR,-Montrcrae, Pa. Shop •
I. near the Baptist Meeting House, on Turnpike
street. AU orders filled promptly. in first•rate etyle. i s
tatting done on short notice, and warmut_ed to fit. 1
L. B. ISBELL,
I Li ,l
EtXuArte.st rYs't -
SSLL
work warranted. Shop In Chandler And .lef.snp's
NOM, ocZtl 4
W. SMITH & CO.
g - IAISTIVET AND CHAIR' 31ANITFACTIMERS.—Foot
I,: of .4 rect. Montrin , e. r.a. ant; tf
C. 0. 1 . 01i1).H1M.,
A[ANEICTI:ItEIt of BOOTS cf: SIIOES; Montrose.
Pa. Shop °vet. Tyler's store. .All kinds. of work
made to order. and repairing done neatly. je2 y
TLTIIIIELL
T - Nr.AVEILin DruzA, Medicine.. Chemlcals,L Dye •
fa2KA Ware. Paints: Olio, Varnish. , Win- .
, otr Glass, Groceries. Fancy Goods, Setrelre.Perfu
i I , rr, &c.—Agent for all the most populail'ATENT
itiliDlClNES,—Alontrose. Pa_
„ , tf
-! HAYDEN BROTHERS;
WII6LESAI.E DEALERS IN
._ _
" 4 2 - ALIVIMME NOTION - 0 .
—AND—
FANCY
• GOODS.'
•
WM. HAYDEN. 1 .
JoIIN RAYDEN„ 1
, . .
TRACY HAYDEN. f' kEll* itaFor:n. PA.
GEOP,GE HAYDEN. j - . . - _
P: E. BRUSH; '111.1).i
I LtrING VW Local-Kb rx.rarAsr.:,rrix, AT
Mil attend tb -fill: lune% of his pri3fessiba promrtly.
°Mee at Lattrop , * 1100.
AT ..ItilL3ElinE3 7 , I
'NEW MILFORD, PA.,
IS THE PLACE TO BUY -170171 t
HARNESSE,S . ;
CHEAP POE._ C4SH, -
AND GET THE WORTH - OF-YOUR MONEY.
rams=
INSURANCE COMPANY,
Of Nar
CASH CAPITAL, ONE MILLION DOLLARS,
ARSE TS in July' 1860, " $'1,461,819.27
uto3iTsnEs, " ' . 48,068.68
Milton Smith, Sec'y. .Chtts. 4. Martin, tre.hlent
John liCget, A>s t " A..E. Wtimarth, yice •
Poileitis i+sned and renewed. by the underain ed. at his
office, one docir above Searlea 'Hotel. M ontrose, pa.
.
j nuvZi •y 1" BILLINGS STIIOIIIII, - Agent.
_ _, __ ____‘..___—_______4.--T___ ____.
ME'. saRRx TT
a large k of new; Stores, for
H A No n kt re g. e l e 'a lT rfo d r. oiccand ' Shot, purposes, for Wood
or Coal, with Stove Pipe. Zinc. Se:
Ms assortment is 'sel ect and desirable, and will be sold
on the most favorable terms- fur Cash, or to. ,Prronpt Six
Months /ivory-.
.•New billiard, Oct. Zit.h. 1800.
Dandelion Coffee,.
A HEALTHY beverage. fine . pciund of this (farce will
/V make as much as two pounds of other Coffee. For
sale. by ABEL TURRELL.
MEDICAL ICARD. _
367 , vpixj - juccork.. Graduate
'Lt. of the Allupatlc and Iltantropathic Colle;res of Died-wouid returOltis sincere thanks to the people of Gt.
Modsad AdcLuityns t hthe _eery liberal patronage with
'which they have, fa. for him, and lie hopes by a strict at.:
rends'tt ta husineevurederlt a libetal . share of the public
conlidsitea. Great Seull_ianuary,
TAKE rNO ICE !
_
d !cm . 2Elr-icletiel,..
Stkrep Paito. AinAirat, and all kinds 01
Tura:. A good .a.ortmila of liather and Bad% and
raloo.cOitilSagn7ion.ll6nd. Office, Tannery,! & Shop ou
Main Street.
MuatFok c ifeb. - Gth.. A.,P; & L. C. It7EELER
,
I-, -DAVII) C. ANFI"
-1
y AVINC; ItiMited permanently dt -Neu' Milford.' rd . ,
IA will attend protnflTlV 1n11 . 11C4/1. mg 7
lie forormt Otteo at - •
--Now Milford. Ju1y..17.
ABEL TURRELL
ly v! , .. for •,'..4pialik• Oil. fpf Snwinn Mach!neg.
11 & liratnh 011. Pedlar. Rat and
Ilnavtonnthie Pond's Exii - act.'-anii a vreat
LiniTn , nr• Pine., and mnl
, , 113, • !..,..::t
Vire, Join' Ourselves, to no Party that Does not CarrY the Flag au
MY COUNTRY HOME..
y W0131171,n0t chonge my conMry home
For one In erowdedstreet;
I would notehange the songs of birds
For !ramp of busy feet.
•, DIUNKETL
nere Joan rise at earlylawn,
To greet tt)erlslng stm ;
Can kiss Its inorntng rays just when
Its days march has begun.
I woyiklnot change my shady w alks,
Ob mosey carpets green,
For any pearl In Tlppany,
The choicest ever seen.
live,' can - roam o'ergrasay
And.placlrlhOlowerets sweet ;-
Amd when I die . 1 then am had t
At home a meet retreat.
• There'e - mnele 'round my country home,
Sweet music, choice end rare: .
. The dancing streams, the singing birds
Maio music In the air.
Around our doors bright flowers grow,
And.lt.oft seems to me.'s
Our roses and our Illys are -
• The sweetest that can be.
My country home. I'll leave it not,
So coax me not away ;
LuTved feet have pressed Its oaken floor,
And here I. choose to stay. •
J. L READ
THE BONNIE LASS.
kart night, while I was up the street;
A bonnie laps I Chanced to meet ;
I stood beside a well-known gate,
When lotg, she citme, 'twas nearly,eight ;
Upon her face a smile she Wore
Her eyes did then ioves language speak,
And little dimples decked her cheek ;
In accents sweet she spoke, lo me,
0 how I wished that-she—that sbe—
Well I felt so strange, so would you.
•
He) lips are of the cherry- hoe,
And on her forehead, smooth and fair,
Sweet tresses wave of auburn hair. • •
So sweet her smiles, so street her voice,
When ere I meet her I rejoide. • '
Of all hor charms rve told you part,
The balance la, she has a heart.
O ! long live my bonnic.lass,
Who last night I met,
And all days In pleasure Tsars
umingled with_ regret. •
Thomleas the path her footsteps tread
And bleatings fall upon her head
And when . all earthly [let , are riven,
Thla be her fate—to dwell In Ifeaven.
Report of the Postmaster
General.
• The Postmaster General's Report states
that the whole number of post offices in
theijnited States, on tile aOth of . June,
1861, was 2EN5f36; and that the entire num
ber of cases acted upon (Firing • the same
period was 10,638, inchiding appoint
ments made by the 'President of the `Uni
ted States. The whole number of ap
pointments made liy the,Postmaster Gen
eral was 0235, and the- number by the
President during the same period, 337.
The aggregate earnings of;the different
trans-Atlantic steamship lines - during he
year ending' June 30, 1861, wag $392,887;-'
63: .r - •
The expenditures of tile Department in,
the fiscal year ending • June 30, le6l,
amounted Lo i'313,006,750,11.
The expenditures in ] 860, were 614,874-
772,59, showing a decrease in 1861 of SI.:
268,018,78.
The gross,reverfue, for the year 1861, 1
including receipts from foreign postigcs,
amounted to $8,340.296,40 . . •
The estimated deficienc:y of . means foc
1861, as presented in the annual report
from this department December 3; 1856 - ,
was $5,988,42 : 4,04. Deducting the actual
deficiency; $4,65/,906,08, and there is an
excess of estimated deficiency_ over actual
deficiency of *1,430,457,06 • •
The revenue from all sotrees during the
year 1860 amounted •to -*0 218,067,40
The revenue from all sour
ces during the year 1861,
amounted to
Decrease of revenue 'f ,r 1,9618163,771,00
The net proceeds from Pose Offices in
the loyal States for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1860, *3,688,00,56, and in 48(31
83,801,487,08. i ' shoring an increase in
1861 of 8112,796,52; and in the. disloyal
States, in 1860, $820,546,,57, and, in 1861,
$ 677 ;7 06 ,7 0 , showing. a'decrease in• 1861
of 8142,836;81.
The decrease in 1861 from die net pro
ceeds of'l,B6o,in all the States, appears to
I.e -$3n,943.2,9, .
J. 11. S7IITII.
Statement of the recellits and experrditnres of the disloy
al States andsinonnt altc,ed t n to be due to contractor.;
also. the,mhotmt actualli• paid to edutrActor4 from July
1.1860, to May 21, INA.
Total expenditnrd. - - - $3.699.150.47
Total gross receipti, - • - - 1.111•~,~O.t1:,
ECCC49 of expenditures over receipts, g 2,457,930,42
.Ambunt 111 . egetl to be due . to cantraotors for transporta
tion, - ' - - - - 53.135.43:3.12
Amount actually paid for trauspartation, 2,323,061 ,fm
Leaving amount alleged to be due and nn- --
$512,515,49
The estimate of the total expenditures for 1862 is some
what less than thnae of previous years heretofore sub
mitted. This difference arises from the fact that only
partial estimates are umde for the-cost of postal service in
states where it Is now suspended.
Theappiopriation for defences in 1601 was lini,ant.Tin.
Ga, while the amount estimated to be required from the
Treasury for 1660—is 1t2:145.000.
The ci'hole number .of ordinary dead lettero,receired
and examined during the year2oras about 2.11,0,00. ,
The number of theeo lett:Jr? containing money, which
were registered and eent'out during the year ending
*Jane 30.1E61. was 10.5.4).
The. number of dead letters returned unopened to for
eign con - lanes during.theliseal year was 111.147. which,
added to the number of doint4tie letters (i 0.1,850,- sent
out as above, giveir the whol&ttumber sent out from' the
dead letter office for the year, 215,033. " • •
Much' other estimable data is given on this subject and
It 'is wu,n.by of remark that out of 76.769 lett ere, before
alluded to' originating in the loyal States. and addrese
ed. to residents of disloyal States, 40,000 could not-be ro
turutglecither because the signature of the-writer incom
plete,-or because the lettere contained no-clue to his resi
dence. The experience of the Department shows that a
tar enroportion of domestic letters written by educated
persons, and partliidatly women, arc-deficient in one Or.
both of these respects.
In.tiew of these and other facts the Postmaster General
'suggests that valuable dead lettere. when returned to
I, their owners. should beeharged with treble the ordinary
I rate of poitage. comprising one rate for return trrasphrt-
I ation to the dead letter °Mee, one rate for registration
there, and one rate for return traniportation to che'4wrl-
I ten or owneru •
A treaty 'with 'Mexico boa been concluded, awaiting the
ratification by Mexico, establishing a common internee
tionairate,of twenty-live cents on lettere, with other
useful nrovisions.
The Postmaster General has accepted the offer made In
.16.17 by Great Britain fer n reduction of the international
rate between the two conntties on letters from twenty
flve to twelve cents, which, however, has not yet gone
intoopemtion, as it awaits the response-of thc, British
office. • -
Gondles: 7 —Profane language is a-.
bominable. • Loud laughing is impolite—
:kornetimes: Liquisiticeness •is offensive.
T.ellizfg, lies is' mean. Slandering is
ishr Itinoranee is'ilisgriveful, if learning
Le neglee:eci.• • Laziness is shanieftil. •
A-Void nil llte above ViCeA and zaim- at
usefulness. 'Never he astutmedAsflioriest
Vanity 15 ft curs': Keep .good
-
complier. _ . ,
; -..-. , ::::
..,.. , --. . . 77- .
~ : 'i- ,, . , ‘ ..... ' - ''. :,-, • . . - --.' :,' . i_ . ,
~.
„ , i ... ! -.:,_:: 1:, - -,,;--, =. ~
.: :_:.
,---,. : .:,-, ..-.: i : ..` ~.., -..=, : = , :..j . 1 ., , , , ; .; ' ...'il:' , , :' .. ) . ';' , ": 7 "".',.',.., , 1 . ..'.
M
...... . . .
~
... , . ~. ..
.. .
~,. . - ,
. . •
. -....
I. . , 1
.. , , .
... 6... , . : ,
.-. , , ... i . ;',,, ~ „ .' : :
11 .. .=. :-- i - -. :.• .. :.=,-. t.: = ,-(-'•'- -.. t.
..,. _ . • .
. - • _ -
:.. .
VOL. 18. 1
Report Ofstlio Secretary of thel
.. . -
The Secretary of the• Treasury's report,
after referring to commendations contain
ed in his July report, gives - the manner in
which he obtained loans fur various -Or
poses ofgovernment. • •
The immediate exigencies were, provid
ed for by issuing 814,49,034 in six per
cent., two irears treasury notes, and 12,
877,709 in the . • same. notes, payable in
'thirty days. •- . . • .
His next care was to prOvide for dis,
bursements • of the war. He adopted the
plan to engage the .lianking institutions
of the three commercial cities-of the sea
beard to advance the-amounts needed in
loans of three years; 4 l.3o bonds to be re
iiiibursed froni the proceeds of similar
bonds subscribed for by the people, _hop
ing thus to 'combine the capital of the
batiks kind the people with -the credit .01
-the government, so as to give. efficiency.
to.the administrative action and compe
tent support to the public credit; and the
result. has fulfilled the, hope.
He then rehearses the agreement en
tered into between the banks and himself,
by which the former agreed to take the
loans.
A. B. Bnowt
j The ItistOry of the first two loans has
been made: public. The third loan was
negoeiat ed; with the hanks on the 16th of
I Ncivember,•by which he-agreed to issue
' to them 50;000,000 in six per cent. bonds ;
at par for the bonds bearing peven per
cen - k.intereSt..
..This agreement was coupled "with no
arrangement for reimbursement, and en-
I tailed.no e ! xpense except the preparing
and issuing . of bon& •
This was also coupled with an option to
the
. banks that on or after the first day of
January, a fourth. advance of. 850 / 000,000
should - be made on the same terms as. the
first and 'second if required.
In addition to these loans 821,155,220,
up to the 30th of November, were issued
I in Treasury notes offives, tens and twen
tiO, payable on der And, and 83,36.5;10.5.'
remain in 'the treasury. This amount may
lie regarded as a loan from the people.
The aggregate realized from loans, in
various 'foils, is $197,242,5878..
The revenue receipts have not fulfilled
his expeetationi:. He says;
- "The actModifying i the rates of- duties
differed from the measure -he submitted
to Congress in most of these particulars
—especially in diminished thities on tea,
coffee and .stigar, and exempting goods in
warehouseS and on ship4oard—the differ
ence was disadvantageous to revenue,
while a Potential cause or", reduced
receipts may be found.,in the, chang
ed eirentustanees of the country proving
unfa,,vorable to foreign commerce..
These circumstances compel him to re
duce his estimate for 1862, from the rev
enue, from 1857,000, 1 .:00 to 32,108,602,
The estitnates from receipts front lands
and miseOlancons sources, he reduces
from 3,000,'(100 to $2,354,02.
- The onlyi,other" source of rilVenue is the
direct tl4, authorized by Congress, which,
if increaspi to the limit proposed by the
Secretarß, 'and assumed by the States,the
further stun of twenty million dollars may
be expected:,
.The aggregate of revenue may be ans .
estimated at f,154,552-,605, - which is t,24,
447,334 lest; than, the estimate of July.
The Secretary states that his 'estimate
of July-was based on the raising, of 250,-
060 volunteers and the increase of the ar
tily by.eleven regitnents. lint after -that
report had been closedCongresS author
ized the acceptance dy the President of
rive hundred thousand inn, besides addi
tional companies and officers.
This large increasejias and must neces
sarily au . gthent expenditure; far beyond
-the limit Indicated by the original esti
mates, w1:101 will be still furtlaer augmen
ted I.x'y the increase of the navy, and addi
tional appropriations are askedfor. •
Of theseadditional appropriations,e47,- .
' 985,556 'were authorized by acts : , of the
last - session and e 143,135,927 now asked
' •
for, making an aggregate, including $22,-
787,933 for: indefinite appropriati,on§ of
$213,004,437.
' To provide these large sthns retrench
mentand reform are indispensible.
Contracts should be subjected to . strict
supervision, contractors! to vigorous . re
sponsibility, all uunecesSary offices should
be abolished and salaried and pay
.materi
ally reduced, ;
While thus recommending Tetiench
ment, he feels limself tOnstrained • to re
new suggestions heretofore submitted to
him, that the property of rebels should be
Made to pay, in part at least, the cost .of
• the rebellion. -
Property of great value in loyal States
is held by proprietors Virtually engaged.
in the guilty attempt tolbreak up this tit
ion, which is'justly-forfthed to the peo
ple, which should be subject to the- •se
questratioir or Confiscation, and the pro
ceedkapidred. to the satisfaction of -claims
i arising froth ,the war.l •
The property of rebelS in rebel States
should be treated in the - same manner.
I - Rights to services Under State laws
Must of necessity form art . exception to
any rule' of confiAcation.
9,049,396,40
. Persons ;)field by rebel,under such laws,
to service s slaves, mar however be lib
.,
erated-from their- constraint and made
more-valuable in various employment's
throUgh voluntary and compensate& ser
vice, Abaft .f if confiscated as subjects of
propeitv.-
Showhig - the white Feather.
At tke Republican CongresSioual • can
cusleld on Wednesday night, .111 C.. Sher
man, of New York, took the ground that
we never eould put (lOwn.: - the 'rebellion
With the ballet, that we must employ the
slaves to do it. - Had any person ventured
to make the declaration three months ago
that the united North, With its eighteen
millions of free population and. vast re
sources, could not pritdown the. divided
South,•with,but seven- millions,•lie would
have beeit'branded as . a coward or de
nounced 'as atraitor. , But times.: have
changed, and the totubAt boasters are the
first to Shaw the White ; feather. . .
hunt lien.dviceo Bi► naticaip
- , ,
MONTROSE, PA.;THIIRSDAY,DECEMBE ' 1861.]
WHERWRICE COMES FROII, AND HOW IT IS
. _
. --
Nineteen-twentieths of the rice ' ra ised
in the, United States is grown , r,„
in the narrow district , on the cons of
Sorith Carolina and Georgia, in the midst.
of which our Northern troops have Intely
planted themselves. The remaining
twentieth is grown in various portiotis of ,
the South, chiefly:in the Mississippi • va l.
ley, where lie millions of unproductive
acres 'admirably 'adapted to this cultrire,
yet unavailed of, owing to the limited
amount of labor alraillible in the Southern
States. It is said that the rice landi of
Louisiana are morehealthy than , those of
the Atlantic States, the Mississippi Water
not being so liable to ecomposition land
miasma as the waters of ,Eastern rivers. .
, Though rice is•more _profitably grlown
in a hot climate, it is . Sometimes exPeri
-mentally cultivated on swampy land of
the Northern States, and extensivel yso
-in ,Westphalia, Northern Italy and un-
I
gary, where the climate resembles our lat
itude in Southern Pennsylvania. The
t amount yearly exported from the T.., Cited'
I States, has been, of late, about three hun
died.million pounds. Of the, plantaltio.ns
;of the ' Atlantic seaboard, raising over
i twenty thousand pounds, South Carolina
1 counts, in round nunibers, five hundred,
1 GeOrgia one hundred;and North Carolina
i thirty, giving a total of six hundred - and
City. It is in these localities grown with
,1 unusual advantage; the soil is rich and
leasil • worked, and may be covered t will
. .%, with_ water, until other plants are ! Gilled,
Which saves much labor in ~ weedi n
ng.—
When necessary the water is draw off,
the arrangements Ihr drainage Lein mod
(
I eratelv inexpensive. -' Most luxhriant
II crops ofgrain and Vegetables arelsome
, times grown on these fields,by way lof va
; riety,.and it is a matter of regretl - tliat .
I more swamp lands of our own NO them
i States are not availed of for, this _ atter
i
...
purpose, the cost of draining which ; would
be, at most, but SlO an acre. • 1 •
For fifty miles in width; a large part of
i the North Carolina coast, Georgia and
'South Carolina coasts is occupied Georg ia.
flat
Icypress swamps and reedy- marshes, or.
il_iy sandy pine larnks: The nearer t k ie ap
l.proach to-the sea, the ,mare does,. water l
;predominate; till at length the . land dis
plays itself but in islands or capes, Iform
, ing the well known Sea island r egion.—
i Beyond all, there stretches along the
1 whole coast a low, narrow sand bar, in
habited chitty by runaway negroes,l who
I subsist by hunting and fishing. 1 .
Upon_ these several Government-1 relief
stationsand lighthouSes exist, At distant
intervals there are shallow breaches thro'
-which, twice a day, the tide steals, !swell
,
1 ing neutral lagoons and dainming the
1 outlets of the fresh water streain, till their.
.! current is destroyed and turned baekond
their flood diSpersed far and wide over
1 the swamps. 'When heavy rains; have
swollen the rivers -their, currents deposit,
all along the - edges of . the sandy islands
1 and capes, the rich earth washed 1 from
the streaming sides of mountains, a the
organic .waste of forests through which
i they flow.. With this is mingled the sili
; eious wash of the nearest shore, and the
! rich silt of the salt lagoons aroused from
their bottoms in stormy weather.
_..
Mee plantations are formed in sudh
[parts of the tidal - swamps, adjoining the
mainland* the sandy islands,
as are left
1 dry at the ebb of the water. The urface
must be level, or With only a sligh incli
i nation towards the natural drains li which
the retiring tide withdr'hws • and i must
be at such a distance from the se • ' that
there is no taste of salt in the wa 'er by
which it is 'flooded - at high tide. 1
1
This is usually done .in winter.
trees of •a wooded swamp bein _
ditch is dug at the line of ebb tide
strong embankme,nt is formed,
five feet high and fifteen broad
,base. The trees and brush being 4
ed inlicaps, are set on fire early i
spring. The cleared land is then I
into fields of convenient size, by e
ments similar to, but sipaller, th.
1.
main river embankment , their ohj et b -
ing simply to keep the water thal is o
1
he let into one fiOd•ottt of the next wh .h
may not he prepared for it. Eitel field
has a separate trench and gate; to et in
or exclude -the water of the river li , and if
it is a back field, a canal embankment, on
either side is sometimes made for this
purpose.' This canal is usually! wide
enough for' the passage of a scow for
the transportation of the Crops., [ _
Owing to the withdrawal of shade, de
cay of roots and vegetable depoSit, and
drainage of water which had hitherto sat
urated 4.
the earth, a gradual subsid mee.of
the surtitce continues for several y ars af
ter cultivation, making it neces. ary to
provide more ditches to remove the wa
ter, after flooding the field with su cient
..
completenesS. . -
,
These ditches,nsually but two fe tside
and deep, are ditg ketiveen - tile crops,
faun' time to time, until all the fields are ,
divided into rectangularleds of alhalf or .
quarter acre-each. Whet...the gates are
open at fall of tide,• any water on tie beds
flows rapidly into these small. drains, from
these toile outside of each field,
and again throngh:the field trenches into
the canal; Or the main embankment ditch,-
and from this through the main trunk in
to the - river. The trench gates art made
witli valves that are clesed•by the
water in the river, so 'as • not to ti,
mit it. Other gate with valves
the other way,-are shut flown, a
former are drawn up, when it is
to - admit the water nnirprevenf
•
flow. • •
The ground before sowing, is th . rough- -
ly "chopped" witlisa thick, heavy: hoe,
which mixes and levels the surce two or
three inches in depth. • Planting co_mmen-,
ces.lateln garcli„.by opening drillsAvith
narrow hoes, four inches wide - MO 'deep,
and one foot 'apart. • .-‘. Ai these• trenches
are made lands follow, who Strew seeitliu
13
them: - :-Froin two to three bnsliel of rice
are used-to the acre zlor__:seeding • -The
sowing:of each. - 6 el d is:completed on:' the
day it commences: • , -The outer ga oethe
The Rice Crop.
CULTIVATED
CLE.AMING A RICE FIELD
d Keep , St
an .
trench is then opened,
,on the rise of
•-
the - water fills the ditches, : and rises till
the whole groinid-is covered, ;
It remains foi a week nr more ,until the
seed sprouts; When driwn off, lie - field
is left. till the young plants appear, :When
a second flooding is given. The: water is
then allowed to i qmain - till all - gtass and
weeds mingled ith the rice are ' killed,
And until the fatter is four inches in height,
and too , strong for the, birds to gull up.—
After the second drainage, ; the ' rice, re
ceives two hoeing! within three weeks:
After the last hbeing the ground is again
flooded . over the bight of the plints,•that
the loose weeds may Snit off; the -water
is then lowered slightly below the top of
the rice---now about afoot high It thus
remains for. nearly three weeks, ; and the
drawing is dettiumed by the appearance
of the crop. "then dry the -ground re
ceives, two morh hoeings at proper inter
vals; and soon after the water is again let
on to a depth that will 'not quite cover
the Tice, and reinains until, the bhrvest.—
Till the crop heads,
,the negrdes wade
through it, - and bring out. in baskets, .any
aquatic glasses that may, have grown in
the trenches; After the rice has headed
the water is rained still higher. fOr the pur
pose of supporting the leavy crop, and to.
prevent the_strhw becoming tangled by
the wind until tiipe for the sickle'.
Irrigation, by protecting the ;seed and
plants, destroying weeds and vermin, and
mechanically supporting the, - crop saves
much labor;
which, upon an unirrighted
crop would be necessary. Rice has been
grown on uplands, but with a far - greater
outlay of libor.l
The harvestiornmences September by sickling. lie stubble is left, -a foot
high, and the rice is laid - upon into dry.-
-In two days it, k- tied in small- sheaves and
carried to the stack yards on the heads of
negroes, when I threshing commences.—
After thk pro ess, ~ it rerohing covered
'With -a husk, acid is called 'paddy;' or 'in
the rough.' It is usually worth in the
rough about nihety cents a bushel, weigh
ing from forty to fifty pounds.' !The hull;
lug is porformeld in neighboring 'cities by
mills, or Shipp d in the rough tCi.Europe,
tob
be hulled at establishments :over the
ocean.
,
A usual cro of rice is from thirty to.
sixt,ypand som, times one hundred bush
els to the acre.l
I •
1 . --...- 41111. - 41. -- ---•-• •-• ,
A Cap
i aziolis . Swal)o*
1 ..
We stated n our last that a Whale got
entangled in the cable of an immigrant
vessel at Paisen. The - published letter
from Mr. J. T. Reidy shows that the ani
mal swallowed' the anchor,. and 4 5 :.t hook
ed by its flukes. We mentioned that the .
vessel had bee dragged thirtyl miles -in
~
five hoursor t the rate of six`miles an
hour. Mr.. Rey computes the 'total dis- I
tance at fifty !]tiles , and the rate as reach, I
nig the- railroad speed of fifteen; miles an
hour! The case is one of 'The most ex-'
traordinary on) record . *-A ship ;takes to I
-angling . , usinger anchor for a. hook--;
catches a whal and finds that 'the case i
very much resembles the one I
of catching a Tartar.' The .whale runs 1
away. with the' ship and a couple of hun-
tired human bings ; playing alb sorts of I
fantastic trick ; finally.gets sick'and casts !
up the ancho . Here is Mr.. Reidy's
account of this strange encounter between
the ship and t e - whale: We wish we
could get the whale's account of his pro
ceedings and sensations. If he survives
this will be a esson to him to
.Ibe more
choice of his feeding for the future. Iron
is certainly- as ful as a tonic, but our - ce
taceous friend must have misapprehend
ed his doctor'
. prescription when he took
to swallowing' ft. in the mass.; Sydney
{
Smith hoped h s friend Selwyn Would dis
:mice with thh New Zelanders if they
agree with
lug';.. We fear the remaining
fluke will disagree with Our,marine friend
—if he will allaw us to call him so, •
• I have the hbnor to inform yOu I left
Devipitam ; on the 20th instant., With ' the
two schoonersihaving on board 240 cool
ies. We arn i vedhere - (Talematinar) oil;
Saturday, the pub instant., at 4 p, _m.— I
Having the-wipid directly againSt us. on
coming opposite to Ramisserani bagoda,
we anchored thereat 6 - o'clock p.m., in
tending to statt during the night for Tal
emanaar, when the wind would ehange.--= - 1
About 8 o'clotik,To. m. I - Was sitting on
the small poop", when suddenly ,the bow
of the 'vessel was pulled on a level with
the sea; then itine a slight shohk and .a
large 'shower T'spray: all over the- vessel
after which w shot off at a railway speed:
I was very much alarnied by the shock
and - spray, thinking we might have, drift
ed on some - of the.coral'reefs.
_ln about
a minute a whale, some-forty or fifty feet
long, made . her. appearance forward at
cable's length front the vessel; then for the
first time 'I kntw how matters I were.—
Very extraordinary, indeed, the *hale
had swallowed our anchtir, and Was
hooked.. At - Ole time the -whale• hooked
himself we were in six.fathoms ; the even
ifigwas, very ealtn, and the moon just ap
,
leared above the horizon, -All the _cool
' tea* were very muck alarmed; and indeed
iso Were we-all; : I was going twice• to cut
I away•the anclior and cable, but having
.Only another gable on board, . I' did. not
like to:do so, ns, if-I had; I shohld stop
I the vessel, as I would not risk her in- this
weather depending on one cable: I think
I the way the *hale'got entangld : . must
I have been when lie was feeding, running
I With Mouth flilly extended, when,coming
}with his undei jaw .against. the fluke of
the anchor, lui seized it up, - and - having.
turned it in hilt mouth, was unable to- ex:
tricatte himiel I do not. otherwise see
I bow it could have ' occurred.: The - wht.le
j got. hooked ahout 8 o'clock -p. m. Ho 1
then went off j- at -full . speed ahead, than=
' stopped, and }whirled . us - about . ! rapidly ;
lithe' went Uri orward again' fully -at the.
I rite of fifteenmiles an hour ; again whirl
r.
' ing us about, JAM : pulling - us right and
left, and showting him Self, - and spouting
every- minute ; and-this continued - until
one.o clock' a.m. - Front his sii-PI do not
thiplete could have been a grampus, as- I
feel certain- h must have Been _ forty or
fifty feet in le gth: - se-took us N.- by N.
E. over fifty iles.:.., At ::one . delock on
Saturday nto . iug the vesselstoppid run
- ning. and. - the 'whale : lifted -up. - his head ou s t.
of the water Rhein - ten. cfeet,_ and went.
'The
cut, a
and a
sually
allect
n the
ivided
' bank
the
rise of
ain ad
penin;g,
d the
wished
its ont-
i p to 'the, Music of the Whole Union.
{ NO. 4-0.
off, leaving the anchor drifting to the ves
sel. He was hooked five hours and was
nearly dead when the anchor got loose.—
We then turned the vessel 'set sails, , and
stood in for Pauitiben light, which we ,
made by daylight, and continued . under
sail until we arrived at Talemanaar.—Cey
lon- Observer.
Protest Against Emancipation.
.Froat the E co!levMe Janina].
We are sorry'te tie constrained to no. -
knowledge that the-President's message
is, on. the point of chief solicitude to' the
conservative , men of the country ," W no
means satisfabtory. Nay, the message is
on this , vital point. deplorably unsatisfact
ory. :We make' the confession frankly
because it is true; and because it behooves,
the loyal men of the country not only to
face the truth 'confessed, but •to firmly
grapple with it instantly.
The point-to which we refer is of course
the future policy of the ••Administration
with respect Acr-- - zslayery. . •r•Coiacerning
this point in its-principal aspect, the mes
contains the following passage: 1.
"Also, obeying the dictates of prudence
as well as the obligations of law, instead
of transcending, I have adhered to :the
act of Congress to confiscate property
used for insurrectionary purposes. If d
new law upon the same subject • shall be,
proposed, its propriety will be duly conl
sidered. The Union must be preserved
and hence all disposable means must 1)0
employed. .We should not be in haste to
determine that radical and extreme meas=
ures, which may reach the loyal as • well
as the disloyal, are indispensable."
The.paisage is 'virtually a hint to Con
gress that if that body-will take. the re=
-sponsibility of authorizing or recommend
ing extreme measures the President will
probably take the responsibilityof approv--
ing them and of carrying them out. And,
the seraral bills and resolutions proposing
extreme measures which have been - al ;
.ready introduced into one or the other
house with overpowering manifestations
'Of favor show-that Congress will not be
Slow to-act upon this hint. Congress is
apparently bent -on such action. We
thud have before us the startling fact that.
within a few days or weeks the-President
will be. called upon to decide for or against
,the adoption of measures- which . the con s
servative men of the country been , utter
ly fatal to the reestablishment of our gov
ernment and which be will consider with
a bias favorable to their adoption. This
isthe plain truth, deny it-who may, and
the revelation of this; truth marks the real
turning-point in the present;
. momentous
struggle. Now of all others is the criti
,.
-cal hour of American, nationality.
What is to be done? Thereis hut one
thing to be done.. The 'adoption of the
extreineineastires contemplated must be
prevented or the nation'is swallowed•uP.
Of this we do not feel a shadow of doubt.'
But how can the adoption of these men&
tires be prevented ? There appears to us
to be three modes in either iot which the
all iniportant prevention may be attained.
1. The prosperity of our arms and' of our,
cause generally in:a degree that will pat
all pretextS Whatever for_ a resort-to
treme measures outof the question. 2.
The awakening of the conservative senti
ment and enlightened loyalty of thecouii- .
try and'the bringing of both to bear on'
the President with a force which he. can
not as an honest and rational man • with
stand. 13. The resolution of the comman
der-in-Chief in the field andof his princi
pal associates in command to liirrendek
their &words rather than link 'them 'with
the infainyof such measures. The firat
of these three modes is for the most part
beyond the reach of the
; people.. WO'
have faith in it, but it should not be ,re
lied on blindly. The last- mode, is °lir
last hope.- When everything else, thils_l
this may save us. ' If it does not, we Are
irretrievably lostias a nation. This mode
.though hardly beyond the reach of the 1
peOpie, is still 'notdireetlS , within their in -.1
tluenee. The second mode is especially l
the people's own, and through this mode
-we invoke the people to pour their awaki:.l
ened energies with a spirit of lofty resolve
that will not-be put down- or put aside.•-• 1
Here is the Obese wherein the loyal nias&
eS of our people-in this crisis of the nations
fate*can work effectually for the national
preservation. We call them to the sub- 1
•
lithe task. • s. ;
Let the enlightened journalists . and
Speakers of the N orth set forth in a strong I
light the facts, first,. that slavery is' not 1
the cause but the mere pretext of the re:
hellion, and secondly, that the polieY of ;
emancipation, if adopted by the adininiii-
tration, would render the bare physical
suppression of tire rebellion more difficult
indefinitely, while it would make the - roil&
tablishment of 'the Government wholly
impossible. Let. them point out the tran't- 1-
parent .fallacy which lies at the bottom oil
this cry for extreme measures, and hold
up .to N iew the immeasurable folly:Md . .
-
enormity of the cry itself. * * s We
know not how it may be with others,, 1
we confess the effect produced in ,us by
the mournful repulse and - panic. of Baal
Run was elation compared with the feels.
ing experienced on reading the -pan
sage of the message which forms the teat'
of these remarks. Unless the President
is speedily braced up by the conservative i
sentiment of the nation there is serious
danger that, although the rebellion is Ott ,
down, the nation will be extinguished. 1•
i
=I:=ZI
'One of s tile Most important duties
of the well to do citizen at this time is to
give employment to labor 'in , every why
lie can. The number-thrown out of wok
by the. war and the total 'suspension of
improvements and commerce is very large
They have children to feed and familieiilo
support.' :The wages. for • their labor ; is
their,ehief of only support. It is all that
stands between them and Want. Just iin
agine families so situated, reader, and
y ou
*ill see,hoW great a service you may r-
der them by giving them work, or getting
'it for. them.. •Let every citizen - see what
he can do in this Way. ,
- —A 'strong minded young lady was
heard complaining that ,Liricoln,doetziot
call• out any female regiments. She sriya
gbe'd like nothing , better 'than• being ; m
arms. • I •
JOB PRINiniG
3:034.761-0 Cl R. .1201"
FEATLY A2ip Ir#OIIIPTLT - -
`AND . AT 4 .f Uri AND LET LIVE" PAMPA
Teti office of the Montrose Demor - rnt
has recently been anpplkd with a new and choke variety
of type. etc.. and we are now prepared to print psmphleta•
eirenLue, etc., etc., In the best style, on short notice. .
Handbills, -Posters, Programmes, awl
other kinds of work In thiallne, done according to order. ,
Business Wedding; and Ball CAnns
, Tickets, etc., p rinted with twattlestand. despatch. •
Justices' and Constables' Blanks, Notes
Deeds, and all other Blanks, on hand, or printed to order
or Job went and Blank*, to be paid (or or denim
I In Behalf of • Farmers ' Boye .
Farmers, did you ever think what a
lonedome business farming. can be, and
; often is, made for your boye,
.just,by your
uusOciability? Do. you. talk with your
sons as you•go to and from and while at
work ? Or do you worktAin dreary, un
cheert.ll silence, unless itighbor chances.
to come.along or help you day, and then
suddenly recover the faculty of speech
and flow* of spirits P. Do you kqow your
1 boy's subject of thought ? His pet plans -
and would he confide to you or advise
I with you about any new plan or idea ?
Do you complain that your son 'stakes no
interest" - in your work, and at the same
time do you , take no interest in his
_plans
. for plea Sure and profit? Do you help
him make his bow and arrow, or his tricks
or his sled ? Or does he have to constr.-
, net these out of your sight arid; enjoy
them by stealth, for fear of receiving , a
', reprimand from you for this waste of
time ?.'o you commend his good en
deiricris, or 'do you reprimand- him on
every'slight occasion, without any • man
, ifestation of your appreciation. of his -dili
gence at other times? ..
.
There is nothing so terribly discourag
ing as this perpetual fault finding_ without
any commendation, and yet, who can not
call to mind many fathers who so rarely
commend-their sons, that it is thought to
be said ironically when by chance a word
of satisfactio,n with their conduct is filter
ed. Farmers boys feel this more from.
the fact that they, are almost Constantly
with their fathers. -They can not, like
village boys,Meet companions at -night
.after their worleis•done, and•havea good -
time, nor can they every few days see
some show, fiiemen?s parade, or enterta
ining curiosity,. that may serve • them for -
subjects of thought when at 'work in silt
ence.: . The farm is their World, and ifthe
farmer does not try hard to make himself
the companion of. his boys, to not only
seem, but to be interested in whatever
interests-hjs sons, to make' the hours of
work a plesant sociable time instead
.of
silent; dreary drag and, if he
.does •not by
- consultlng•with them, and asking for and
talking over with them their plans and
"suggestions, and by proper commen.da
: don, encourage them to better efforts in
the-future, why should he be surprised to
learn some morning that his son had be
come tired-of farming, and "stepped oui" -
tb - try the )road- untried world outside
1 How many fathers, whose boys leave
home just as soon - as they can, might
justly .blame only their own reserve for
their sons discontent. Boys are very
much like men, and bow can they be coat
tented and - happy while working day after
'.day in silence, only when - the parental) .
mouth is opened to repriniand'some error
Lof omission or conimission.? No one won t
den that the slaves brthe south • feel, no
interest in their
.work ; and many a father
treats his boys, so far as companionship is .
concerned, just as if they were Slaves.. He...
does not de this because he does not love.
his boy, though it teems tio to the child ;
I•but he has "put away childish things" so.
1 far that he does not apreciate the feeling
of youth, and then the boy is his own, and,
he does not feel under any social obliga-.
tions to him. I verily believe that boys -
libel 'five out' Will average to be - more
contented, and to haVe more reason to be
contented, than,lannere boys who live at
home, so Tar - as companionship . with and
commendation from the father is concern
ad. • -
Let any one Observe in his own neigh-,
borhood, or still better s observe 'carefully
his own boys, and he wilt at Onee be eon:
winced there is here a great evil, and ones . ,
tosbe especially observed in the farming.
community; - People who" labor hard are .
.apt to become cold'and . reserved. Farm.,
work is usually very suggestive of a most
pleasant-.and insiru - Ctive interchange of
words, and in the quiet monotony of hoes .
ing one hill after another the father forgets
that the son is not as old as himself, with
a lifetime of recollections for his mind to .
reed upon.
. Think of this thing, fathers,and observe
your:Son'S conduct, and if you'find.that he
feels any more .conf i dence that he shall !
find sympathyand encouragement and:
asTiistance from•you, your • duty to him.'
as a fittlier hag-been neglected: -
IliispluncE.—A very* learned and •
compassionate judge in a Nyesten! (. state
on passing_ sentence on one Jones, o.
had•been convicted of murder, couel v
~
u,ded .
his remarks as
The fact is, Jones, the min did not at,
first intend to orderyou- -to be executed
before next spring; but the Weather is so:,
N:ery cold ; our jail is unfortunately itt a -
bad ehndition; much Of the glass in the:
Windows is broken.: the. chimneys are-in
such a 41ilapidated state that no fire
be made to render your apartment cote"'
fortable; besides, owing to, a. great num
ber of prisoners, not more than one•blan
ket: can b allowed to each ; and to - sleep
:sound andcointbrtahly„ therefore is out 0.t . „.
the question. .In consideraticin -of these
cirenniseances, And Wishing. to lessen your
sittli!ritigs as much a:s Possille, the court,
,in the exercise' of its humanity and com
-passion, - do hereby order you
,ick be exc.
cured to-morrow morning, As:soon after
breakfast as may be convenient • to_ the
Sheritf, mid agreeable to you.
. Aid and Coinfort., t. • - - .
1 - The leiu Of the southern rebellion
induced the timid and vascillating to join
their rants by constantly asserting that
the federal gm - et:infield intended to abol-.
I ish slavery. Of course this was, a He, in-.
I vented to 'fire the southern heart.' But
1 what Must he the.gratification of Jeff Ra
i Cis and Ms fellow conspirators when they.
i discoveithat the Republican members of
1 Congress have deteftutited to convert their
falsehoods into truths by making-this aa
abOlition-war!= If:this ho •nof giving aid,
! and comfort to the onininy we know not
,'
what to call it. It- greatl y strengthens
`• the rebellion,
—Are white - freemen capable of saving
this country? . If NOT, let us acknowledge
ourselves the slaves of slaves, by - begging
the negroes to "come to our assistance .or
take us under their protection. - •
1==1221
DONE AT , TUE OFFICE 01 THE
===
e.I twil lbo-the ryo ut•orea dtbifalin