1133.MOMOSE DEBUKiRAT,
rs Rususass tircrwars, kir
AL,",
pvrICE o c PUBT4E,MEE*
TIMER DOORS ABOVE wirfutiss
• •
TEnis.L4l,so pe./ . Imu ni in ADVANcoI;
otherwise $ 2 will bated-4M Mjeeo waniutm
Added to intaigell. Si the=Ake =DUMAN tO
expense of cpthxdoa, etc. .pumeol
•
- ADvErnulnarre will be Inserted at the
rate of slot ten Ikon or tear, Ike doled. dm
weeks, and MS cents feletldlttcatd wooko- cor. Qtr.
.1
Mercluinte, and otters, Who ad'rertise by.
the you, lane charged at the Mirb,g, *to t
For one tor kes. ono itat, ettltekostift„... ,ss
/rack Wood MOM% ct, Mt =to qt 4_
- 1..T0 erect Ititirembone Imown
TEg BANDIT. 1 I
Ii OLD so*Bl6
Whoeyer, mid the old soldier, has made
the jonrnoy over the Appenines,,between
Sulmon& and the Castle di Sangro, will
well remember the remarkable 'Piano di
Cinque Mlie, pr Plain of Fire ;11files.--
This plain derives its name fromlti length,
and varies from a 4lnarter of a a* to a
itulo in width. It is situated 'on fthe wiry
summit of the Appeuines, some four thou
sand feet above CM lose' of the ;lien, and
is a perfect table of land, flat and smooth
as a tend, with the tops of the ! different
hills just rising lie ¶pet a' few - feet
above it on either hand.
It was in the month of November, 184—
That I was spat as a bearer of diSpatehes
from the Colonel ofmy regiment,lthen sta
tioned at Salmons, to the -Gene).al then
commanding at Castle di Sang* The
journey was a dismal one to mei for; be-,
sides being kcold, cheerless, disagreeable
season of the
when a most, I ;t,empest
-might be looked , fo t at any mernent,.my
way led upthioul r the robberi•infested
Vall'Oscura (Dark alley,) and across the
noW bleak
_andfiesolate Five Mile Plain ;
and I thought if I should estape Piacomo.
Alsnierils ban dits , and the hungiy• packs
of wolves that at this season el4tost run
mad with hunger, I might consider
' self lucky enough to take a venture iv"-al
most any thing.
' Well, the . sun, king cibscurCA by - ill
oinened clondsovanted thipelieUrs of set
fink,' when I spurred my harse.upthe last
ramp, mid stood upon.the [five mile plain,
1313SINESS CARDS.
-war.% .mcirnsactodrza s ursat*lpacut..
W3l. 11. COOP . En t 4L- CO., •
I I INSERS_ ,—Ncettrosc, Pa. Succeavrsta*Dat., l =2:
I Co. °Mee, La `new du! g, TtFrrp
J. sw IleptiLUM D. if. mins,
McCOLLUM & SEARLE; •
TTOTiNETS and Coaniellore at 4w.:-3iDniznie:Pn.
°Mee In Leib:taps' new badlitzi, ore tbd Bank.
• HENAY
& 'TTORNEY sad Commerh;gr at taw. —Toirarna. Pa.
OZCII In the tralott R 358 tt
DR. E, • F. WILMOT
rt_RADUATE of the Allopathic 24 •atbie Col
legess of Medleine:—Gnat Bend;, Pa. • Mee. corner
of Main and Elizabeth-eta, nearly opposite the Methodist
churl. . s 11 1 056 tt
DRS. BINGHA3I 1 ANEY,
pr au mma. stirs =NUM—New
DR. G. Z. DIMOCK,
ITTSICLUC AND SVRGEON.-41 - oretiosai IT* Mee
I lover Wilsons' Store; Lodgings St Searlee lioteL
DR. WILLTAIL W. WHEATON,
ECLECTIC PHYSICIAN & strienow DEMIST.
•
117771 D8.17710..Y wp-A TO'S, ' •
_
Ifeatanical and Surgical Dentist, redently of Binghamton,
N. T. tender their professional serricesto all ! who appre
,iste tbe •• Reformed Practice of Pltysic;"l pirellal and
Adfifal suserstions on Troth: QS ijl ths. most ssiretMearsti
appcorecl• styles of plater ork. Tee% eXtracteol without
pain and an work warranted. !
Jackson. June 13th. 1360. Iss
. .
. DR. 11. SMITH ,t; S'ONI'
•
‘ , .?, •
, _
QDRGEON,DENTISTS,L-Montrose, iv. .r.kier,r7;
oflice in Lismps.' new building., aver L . , <
-
the Bank. All Denial operationsartill be 'lllikla l i g "'
performed In good etyle and warranted. .
J. C.;t3t3ISTEAD JD• HUD. •
DRS. OLMSTEAD & READ,
Wome : ANNOUNCE the Public
that hare mitered into a, partner4tip for the
PrOttice of MEDICINE & Snrgery,
and are prepared to !attend to all mills in the line of their
profession. Cifileettie one formerly occupied Dr. 3. C.
Olmitead, in DIIIMAFF. • Myl7 3m.
DR. LEET,
rhyfician cold , Stares a t c eMlk, Po. . (girt opporift
D i- LEST
his Ilrodial OW particular attention to tbo treatment
twootf cla
ence In that nt that •
Oct will etiVe hinasto and Wet a care [0 the triost( 6 / ' /i=
cam*. For treating diaeases of these organs no fee will
be ehargad unless the patient Is benelitted bk , the treat
ent. [August tOth, 18RI.
SOLVIIINVORTH & VADAkIN,
ILir.&ISTIT'ACTURERS AND . DEAURS Id Italian and
/11! Anterlean Marble for Mcntutnenta. Readstones,
Tomb-Tables, 'dainties, Sinks and Centro-Tables. Also
dealers in Marbleized Slate for Mantles, Centro-Tables., 60.
Shop a
few
doors
et of Searle's Ilotel • on Turnpike
street, Montrose. Pia • !r •ocily*
WM. A. SNOW,
rusrict or TUB PEACE—Gnat . Ikild; Pa. oft=
•11 4in Kahl Astreet,.opposite the Western House. apt
1 JOHN SAuttER, i •
, •
MIASMOMABLE TAII,OM.-Allantroise. Pa!, Strop
1: ova' I.'Ai. Bullard's Grocery, on Mala-ntreet.l
Tlotnirin/ for past tarots, be solicits a continuance
—picdging himself to do all work asMsfactorilc. Cat-
Man done onabort notlce. and wurtanted to lit.
Montrose, Pa... July 12th, IMSO.--tt
•
P. LESTS,
sirrowax TAELAML—Montroie, , Pa.l &bop
Pbamtx Block, ovetretore, unload, 'Marone
Foetir. Atl work warranted; as to fit and lintel.
Clitchtg done on abortnotice, in beet . *WOO
JOHN GROVES, 1 •
TIiSMONABLE temon,—Nontro;l N Pa. j: Shop /.
pezethe DAIWA Xseting Ucrose, anTangalke
street. All orders filled promptly. in fin-rate style.
entilng done on slated natter, sad warauited to fit.
1 L. B.
,ISBEIL; I •
EPATUS Clow , Watches, and Jewetry at the
11 shortnat notice. sad an mountable terms. AD&
...work warranted. Shop In Chandler andjeedrap's
store; IdosTnoesjit. • oda ti
wli. w. small al co.,
rliasnrer AND Mum MANUPACTFRM—Poot
p! Fula liontme, Pa. attgl t
. C. O. FORDLIAM,
IitANIIPACTIM2II of, BOOTS (F. EiTlOMMontrime.
iy • Pa. Shop over Tylces. atom. All idnds of work
made to order. and ro*.rine done neatly.. Je2///
L . ABEL 'MIMEO., .
VaPALEIR In Drage, Nedleim a Chismiesle, Thre
ittit.affe, Glass Ware, Paints, a, Varnish; Wcig
dose Plass, Growths. Parley Goode, Jewelry
men. Ase.—Agmt for the moeS popular PATMT
MEGICLMM—Montrose, Pa. - angl it- ,
PROF . CIEI4RT,P-S . MORItIk
AIMEE awl lir'esser. Montrose, Shoran
'basement of Buitees Huta •
PROF. ,T. W. WILLIAMS, •
IDARBER k HAIR DRESSER,- oilers hii seikoes to
the public, with tho roarazitylbsi his work shall be
done in.tu most AMU had artistic MAUI= orb_
_bon
In the'notth front of the PiLINSUAT HOME. X=
tone i Pa. , Open on smaismi-kom tt R m. nun sp. SU
. Jisy 26, heitt,,tr; -
HAN - DEN intonoras,
*4l W M' HOLESALE DEAUSlikilt 1 0,
AY
•Ir4VE
-A
t 7 ANCY _GOODS:.
Jo- ;•- •
ury DEN
HAYDEN, •
TAW, HAYDEN; niriiiisOm, Pd;
G`EORGE HAYDEN.
st2wrimmityien
INI'F 4 W MILFORD, PA.,
THE PLACE TO •BUY YOUR
HARNESSES
=DAP ' , on cessr,
AND GET T H E WORTH Of YOUR MONEY.
no.* 4ui A Nr.lomrim
, ~., , - . ~. .. , ~. ~,: ~ :. ~,,,
~ .• , , ~,
,• -i•
....„, ~„,„ ~: ;._,• : ~,,_, , ~,,-; -•,., , ~-. . -.,. :,,, -,, .: ..' ~- ~ ;:'.: , ~ •••.- , ' -;-.• ': ,-..,.,-•'...-.:-,': i2 , ,•', ,' - ••• - . '..,,
, ' - 2 - -,• - ~ . ~,,, r. -....-, , -..- :: -- , ..,..- , --,, -.., ; ~- -
~- - ...1_,... ~,;,,.. s„,_.. :, „4., , „ .„,... ~,-,-..,„,; „.;,„ -, i. , ~;,,-:.„,.,.,,,L.
~,,,,,,_
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~,., , ~. , ...... .... „... „.. _
.. O M
,
. , ..
, "VP . • . .
•., . .
- . . .
„
..
,
„.
S
C . •
•.., . . -
,
,
. • . ~
. . .
. . _ .
. -
li Join:Ourselves to no Pasty
_that Does not Carry the Flag, and Keep - Step to the { Music of the Whole
OL. 17.
at the .ther end of which was
lageoialled Relies Rosa, whete, in case
of nece4sity, I could get lodgings for the
night. I I stopped my horse to give him a
little breath,preparatory to making a quick
aide ofitaoross the plain, when I was ear
prised gind net altogether pleased to see
another horseman spur up behind me. He
wag truer a good looking man, in a chi
ton's dress; and seethed to be merely a
traveler, but still, as my despatches were
important, and ,the period troublesome;
and tanagers Whoa looked on with suspi
cion, j would rather have been alloweato
make the ridealone, dreary as - it was. Bo
sidei where had the strunget conic from
so suddienk 4 ills horse seemedperfectly
fresh, aa if It had not just ascended one of
the most difficult 'aocli'vities in the world,
while mine stood panting in a temperature
that made me ,Shiver. Now if this stran
ger ha 4 come . ip from the Vidl'Oieurs,
his home was a marvel ; and ifnot, he was
no traveler--for there was no other route
fot an honest-man to take; so I quietly
loosened my pistols in their bolsters, and
then thought, in case they were not need
ed, I should like to become the owner of
that excellent beast. • -
" Conirade," said the stranger, in a.
frank, b ff hand manner , tipping is hat,
and smiling, "I MO once an old soldier,
but am!'now a traveller. If agreeable,l
should like your 'campany to Castle di an
grol"
" H w doy . ouknoiv lam going there r
return in a cold, repellant tone.
"I didn't=-only I-say I am, and would
like yip s company . All's one, though, if
you er to ride atone." ' •
my beast would , be sorb coin,
pany for yours, however men their masa
tors might agrec. There is a wide differ-
epee between the two animals. Mine is
almost blown, and yours looks as .if just
film the stalL" '• •
"HaLhar laughed the stranger pleas
antly; nee you!do not give me credit for
spurring out of yonder thicket and drop
ping Wow' the brow of thehill before you
observed - me." -
"That looks suspicious." • -
"So it does; but, jesting aside, was
well &ea:A of you, saw_ you ascending,
wanted company, felt suspicious like your
self, hid myself for you to pas; and then
resolved to join you without exciting your
suspicion, in which I.did not succeed. Is
the explanation satisfactory? or shall I
ride on again?"
" I will trust you," said I.
We rode on, side by side, for something
like a mile, conversing pleasantly—but I
kept a furtive glance upon every move
ment of my strange companion. I knew
not why, but .I did net feel altogether at
my ease. Mere:was soinething pcmiliar
in hislOokk, in the expression of his face in
repose i rand I could not avoid a , kind of
suskiri , ?iait., I Carko6l 1 - ,* was 9.
deep and cunning man, who could mask
his feelings when he chose, and there
might lie a-sinister design in all he did.
Suddenly; as quick almost as a flash of
lightning, we were struck by a . wind that
almost took us from our horses, and which
made the beasts st l agger like drunken
men.
, "'leaven preserve es!" exclaimed the
stranger; "we are eaeght in a &Urine/de I "
In a few inimites,imid the howling and
shrieking of the most terrific wind I ever
experienced,the air becanie filled and grew
dark with large; flakes of show, which
whirled and surged around us)ike the wat
ers ofa.inaelsfroni. The wind seemed to
'increase rather
.;tlian diminish, and i the
most violent eiertimis of an hour gearce
ly took us forward to the centre of this
awful plain. Tall pOstshad been all the
way erected at short intervals, to guide
the traveler throrigh just such a storm,
but already we began to lose . sight of
them. • . •
Another hourbrought us to.the verge
of despair. 'Night was rapidly drawing
op, and by this time we could no longer
see our way. 'Horses and riders were at
times completely buried in. the drifts, and
our guide posts too' were lost altogether.
Then we began to wander, we knew not
whither, our , beasts doing their very best
till the s ballingef their Coofs,causedilem
to stumble and fall. Convinced by this
that thetcould .no longer serve us, we
now attempted to plue,e through the
snow op foot mid lead the animals; and
we continued thus for another half hour,
unable to say whether we were advancing,
retracing our steps, or moving in a circle.
"Heaven hare mercy on us!" cried the
companion ; "we shall never escape alive
:Hark! There go the wolves."
Above the shrieking and yellings of the
storm.spirits (Mr such they • seemed.) I
now heard that prolonged, dismal hOwl
which has made the blood curdle in the
veins of more than one poor benighted
traveller. It was r ansWered here, and 'there
and yonder, and then in chorus, 'and we
knew that packs of hungry wolves were
gathering all around us; and pressed by'
ismine, as at,this season, they Would at
tack either man or beast. '
.Nearer and nearer came the' howls 'of
our enemies„ rind in leis than half an hour,
amid the darkness of settled night, we
could 'catch here anti there the terrible,
gleam of the fiery' eyes of the boldest of
the-pack. We continued ashort distance
longer to struggle through 'the sninv 'and
half drag our frtghtened. horse* after us
and then I becatee convinced that, to Bare
our lives we should be obliged' to abandon
them to our enemies. As soon as I could
get close to micompanimi--for we could
warmly distinguish a ward a few paces
distant--I lamb the suggestion and asked
his advice, - •
"I fear we shall be compelled to do it,"
he answered; "had I prize the life of my
gallant bpst alinost as mach as my own.,
'But the pack is constantly aumentinm,
and the courage of thi brbtos increase
with numbers. t•Every moment I fancy
they get nearer !to us, and one Unlucky
stumble may be fatal to both. - We will
try the , virtue Of firinginto them, how
.ever, before we jive up all hope of saving
sear tutizinals, - '
. The nest nionient the repoit of his pis
tol wasfollowed by ir wild hdwl fe..sr,
and thi; . senuering, 'peek of the cowardly
crew; bath] a couple of minutes they fao.
ed asOnitt'g More resolute and
gieternimed than. era, It was - a fearful
MONTROSE, PA„ THURSDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1860:11
thing to sitheiriteity eyeballs gleaming
in a circle around us, andlear their' wild ,
discordant cries, commingled with - the
roaring, shrieking tempest.
Following the exampl e of my compan
ion, I drew one of my p istols, and point ,
big • it toward one of the nearest, fired.
The same result as before; There were
cries as of pain,.rage and fear, and a, mo
mentary seattermg of the affrighted band;
and then they were about us again, as de
fiant as ever. -
There was - no help for it--our horses
must be sacrificed—and most fortunate
would it tie for us, if even this should save
us. We 'got together once again; and
taking hold of hands, promised by our
honor as soldiers, to stand by each other
to the last. Then we threw the bridle to,
the winds, and still keeping Lehi of hands,
plunged onward through the opposing
drifts and driving storm.
We had advanced but a few paces, how
,ever, before our ears were pierced by most
unearthly shrieks, , yells groans, and fu
rious grooliings, and then we knew the
hungry monsters were at their bloody
work, and that our poor, forsaken beasts
would never' . bear us atain. 'Now or
never was our time to escape, and man
fully did w,e struggle forward.: Reaching
a spot from which the wind had scattered
up the snow, leaving for some distance a
clear., open path, We had the satisfaction
of finding the guide post, ana thus ascer
taining we • were going right; and pusji
ing forward as rapidly as possible, we
gained -a point where the glimmering
lights of Rocca Rosa made our hearts
bound with hope and joy.
Rut our dangers were pot yet over;for
scarcely had we reached the point alluded
to, when we once more heard the
,wolves
howling hear ns. 'Our horses were al
ready devoured, and some of the beaits
were satiated, but the first assailants had
been joined by others, fresh from the
mountains; and we knew that these hit
ter, by having, perhaps a mere taste for
blood, would be : more bold 'and furious
than the former. . •
"There is - a small, chapel this Ride of the
village said my 'coinpatuen "and if we
can reach that, we shall , he safe for the.
night; let as make a last run for it." •
We bounded forward.. with' ,all our
might, and soon found ourselies plun,p_d
out of sitht in an enormous drift. • We
scrambled out as--.fast as we could; but
before we were fairly clear of it,lhe fore
most wolfe was upon us, hiii eyes glaring,
his teeth gnashing, INA panting for breath.
• I drew.my pistol andsnapped it. It
missed fire; but' the noise' startled him
and he sprang aside a little, only to press
forward again whe:n he found he was lot
hurt and that he was supported' by num
bers. I snappedinypistol again, and agsin
it missed fire; and this time the furious
beast Foumely• fumed his brad- I
be
lieve he would have seized me, - facing'hini,
as I was, if my companion had not been
more successful in Ibis attempt tq shoot.
His, pistol was discharged in the beast's
fae;e, and he fell, back howling with' the
pain of- his wound, and, -in less than a
minute, was torn to pices by his compan
jons.
This diversion in our favor gave us
time to clear the drift and near the chapel,
before our blood-thirsty pursuers again
advanced upon us in a body; and running
now with .all our seed, we sprang - into
the 'cold naked building, and closed the
door justin time to save our lives.
' ' We spent the night there, and a horri:
ble nightit proved. We could only keep
from freezing to death by walking up and
.down the building, and slapping our -arms
across our breasts. And all night long
i i
-the empest moaned and shrieked, and the
hungry animals howled and gnashed their
teet around mi. We said little to each
other ; for neither; felt inclined to talk;
and when, at -last war weary eyes loOked
upon the grey of Morning I knew of one
who fervently thanked . God for deliver
ance. With daylight, ; the wolves slunk
away to the mountains, and I proposed to
my companion to fiet.off with me to the
village, Where WC should be refreshed
•
with food and fire.! ,
"No," he replied, "i must go baelo
"Ent surely notlnow across that terri
ble plain."
"Yes," he rejoined,
.compressing his
- "I have no friends in the village."
." But there is an!inn there, open to any
traveler *ho has *herewith to pay.".
"My friend,"' he rejoined, laying his
band on my shoulder and looking at me
in a'peculiar manner, "'may I trust you
with a secret, - on 'your . honor as a .sol
dier?"
" Yes, comrade."
"Swear it."
u I do."
"Then tell no one yon have been the
night-long companion of Giacomo Ran-
ieri. "
" Your' cried ,I, in amazement and
alaim; you that dreaded captain of ban
diti ?"
.I.l,Even so, my friend; but I have the
honor of a soldier, that-you will not be
tray me. . •
• "Listen You think this storm has been
a misfortune to you; but, on the contrary,
it has been your sclvUtion..„ I joined you
to murder you, secure . , your dispatches,
and take your place us a courier. The
storm has foiled Inv design ; for' why
murder . you When f needed your aid to
save myself? lam not devoid of honor,
and the man who has done me a service
is secure of my protection. Accept, there.
fore, this silver ring, and wear it ; and
if you are ever assailed by any of my band,
you have only, to show 'that to secure
yourself a safe esccirt. - And now adieu- 7
we separate here—our ways are differ•
-
ent."
_ Ile set off, walking rapidly,. and soon a
b.Utock of snow_ concealed him from my
vidon. I never saw him. again. Some
time during - the 'following year, he, was
killed by some 'Wagers, to whom ' by his
murderous depredations, he had become
an object of terror. -
I Went fbrward That morning, thinking
how . wonderful are the ways'of Prom
dance; and many alime since, whensomo
apparen6misfortune has overtaken me,
I have secretly - wondered if it were not a
part of some bidden design of the -
;mighty,- working for my good. - •
PRESIDIUS
•
Fe llow-Citizeni of the Slate mat Rouse .
Itepraentatives.
Throughout the year since our last
meeting, the countty has been eminently
prosperous in all its material interests.
The general health his been excellent,
our harvests have been abundant; . and
plenty'smilis throtighout the.land. Our
commerce and manufacture's have been
prosecuted with energy and industry, and
have yielded ample returns. In short, no
nation inthe tide of tfine has ever present
ed a spectacle of greater material prosper
ity than we have done iuntil a very recent
period.
Why is it, then; that diaiontent now so
extensively prevails, and the Union of the
States, which is the !Mtirce of all these
blessingi, is threatened with destruction ?
The long continued and intemperate inter-.
ference of the Northern people with the
question of slaveryin the Southern States
has atiength produced its natural effects.
The different sections! of the Union are
now arrayed against each other, and the
time has arrived, so inuch dreaded by - the
Father of his Country; when hoitile Geo
graphical parties have heen formed. I have
long foreseen and often forewarned. my
countrymen of the now; impending danger:
This does not- proceed solely from the
claim on the part of Congress or the Ter- .
ritorial Legislatures ,to exclude slavery
from the Territories, nor from the efforts
ofdifferent States to defeat the execution
of the Fugitive Slave law. All or any of
these evils might' have been endured by .
the South without danger to the Union;
(as others bare been 4 m the hope that
time and reflection might apply the: rem
ed
The immediate peril arises not so much
from these causes as from the fact that
the' - incessant and violent agitation of the
slavery question throughout' the North
for the last quarter of !a century; 'has at
length produced its trialig,n influence on
the slaves, and inspired - them with vague
notions of Freedom. !Hence a sense of
security no longer exists around the fam
ily altar. This feeling of peace at home
has given place to apprehensions ofservile
insurrection. Many a Matron throughout
the South retires at night in dread of what
may befall herself and ,herchildren before
the morning.. Shonldi this apprehension
of domestic-danger,- Whether real or im
aginary, extend and intensify itself until it
shall.pervade the masses of the Southern
people, then disunion will become inevit
able. Self-preserVation is the first law of
nature, and has been implanted in the heart
of man by his Creator; for the wisest pur
pose; and no politiCal union, however
fraught Awn blessino and benefits in all
other respects, can long continue, if the
neees.s4ry congequence be to render the
homes and the firesideS of nearly half the
parties to it habitually :and hopelessly inse
cure. Sooner or later the bonds of such
a Union must be severed. • It is my con
viction that thisfatal peridd has not vet;
arrived ;• and my prayer to God is that Ile
would preserve the Constitution and the
Union. throughout all generations.
But let us take warning in time, and re
move the cause of danger.. It cannot be
denied 'that,, for fire and twenty yearn, the
agitation at the North against slavery in
the South has • been incessant. •In 1835
pictorial handbills - aud inflammatory ap
peals were -circulated extensively through.
out the South, of a character to excite the
passions of the slaves; and, in the language
of Gen. Jackson, "to stimulate them to in
surrection, and produce all the horrors of
a servile war.' This - agitation has ever
since been continued by the public Press,
by theiproceedings of State and County
Conventions, and by ; abolition sermons
and lectures. The time of Congress has,
been occupied in violent speeches on this
never-ending subject ; and appeals in pam
phlet rind other forms, indorsed by distin-
guishe,d names, have been sent forth from
this central point, and spread broadcast
over the Union.
How easy woild it he. for the Anierican
people, to settle the slavery quest forev
er, and to restore peace and harmony to
this distracted country.
• They, and they alone, 'tan do it. All
that is necessary to aeccomplish the ob
hect, and all for which the slave States
ave ever - contended, is to be let alone,
and perrhitted to manage their domestic
institutions in their own way. As-sover
eign States, they, and they alone, are re
sponsible before God and the world for
the slavery existing among them. For
this, the people of the North are not more
responsible, and have no more rig,htto in
terfere, than with similar, institutions in
Russia or in Brazil. -' Upon their good
sense 4nil patriotic forbearance I confess I
still greatly rely. Without their aid, it
is beyond the power of any President, no
matter what may be his own political pro
ciiiiti4s, to restorepeace and harmony
among the States. Wisely limited and re
strained as js his power, under our . Con
stitutiOn and laws, he alone 'can accom
plish but little, for.gOod or for 'evil,. on
this momentous question.
And this - brings me to observe that the
election of any-ouee of 'our fellow-citizens
to theioffice of President "doe§ not' of it
self afford just cause for dissolirieg the Un
ion:. This is more especially true if his
election has been effected by a mere plu
rality, land not a majority, of The people,
and has resulted from transient and tera
porFy anuses, which may-probably never
again occur. In order tojustify resort,
to revelntionary resistance, the Federal
government must be guilty of "a deliber
ate, palpableand dangerous . exercise" of
powers not granted by the Constitution.
The late 'Presidential election,• however,
has been held in strict conformity with: ts
expresi; provisions. How, then, can the
result justify-a revolution to destroy this
very Constitution? Reason, jttstite,'s re;
gard for the,Constitution, all require that
we shall wait fei some overt- and danger--
oils act on the part of the president elect
before resorting jo such a remedy.
It is: said, however, that the antecedents
of,the president elect' have been sufficient '
to justify the fears of the South that he
attempt to invade their-constitutional
rights.; Bat s re such apprehensions .of
contingent danger in 'the feta . * Wildcat
to justify the immediate d action of
_the noblest system of goverment ever do.
vised by mortale?-_ From the Very nature
of his office audits high res les t
he must necetentril yba The
sterh . dety of administering 601 vast and
complicated concerns of Ibis Governmenft
.affords in itself a iparantect that he Will
not attempt any violation of a clear con
stitutional right. After-all, he is no more
than the thief executive, officer of the .
Government. His provineeis not to make,
but to execute the laWs; and it is 'a re
'markable fact 'n our • history, 'that, not;
withstanding The repeated efforts 'of the
anti-slavery party, no single acts-has ever
pissed Congress, unless we mai possibly
except the. Missouri Compromise, Impair=
ing; m the slightest degree, the right of
the South to their property slaves.—
And it May also be observed, judgingfreti
present indicatioits, that no probability•ex
fists of the passage of such- an I act, .by a
majority of Ixoth Houses, either in the pres
ent or the . next Congress. Surely, under
these circumstances, we ought to be re
strained from present action by the• pre
' eept of Wm- who spike as never man
spoke, that "sufficient unto the ;day is the
evil thereof." The day of evil may never
come, - unless we shall rashly bfing it up-.
I on ourselves.
It is alleged as one cause for immediate'
secession that the Southern States are de
nied equal rights with the other States in
the common territories. But by what au
thority are , these denied? Not by Con
gress,, which has never passed, Not
ltbe
lieve never will pass any, act to • exclude
slavery from these Territories ;! and cer
tainty not by the Supreme Court; which
has solemnly decidedthat slaves are prop
erty, and, like all other property, their
owners have a right to take them into the
col - ninon Territories, and hold them there
under the protection of the Constitution.
So far, then, as Congress is concerned,
the object, is not to anything they have al
ready done, but to what theymity-do here
after. It will surely be admitted that this
apprehension-Of future danger is no good
reason for an immediate dissolutimi of the
. Union. -It is true that the Territorial Leg
islature of Kansas, on the 23d of Febru
ary,-1860, passed in great haste .an act,
over -- the veto of the Govertor,l declaring
thatodaveryls "and shall be, forever pro
hibited in.thiS Territory.''. Such an act,
however, plainly violating the 3 rights of
.property secured by the Constitution,
will surely be declared void by .the j.ndi
glary whenever it shall be preienteli.4li a
legal firm. •
Only three days after . my inauguration
the Supretne.Court of the United States
solemnly adjudged that this power did
not exist in a Territorial Legislature. Yet,
such has been itm factious temPer of the
times that the !correctness of this'decision
has been extensivelyimpuznedibefore the
people, and the question has given rise
1 to angry political conflicts throughout the
I country. ThoSe why; have appealed from
this judgnient of our highest constitution
al - tribunal to Popular assembliesiwould,
if they could, invest a Territhrial Legisla
ture With power to annul the saered nghts
of property. This power Congress is ex
pressly forbidden by-the Federal' Consti
tution to exercise. Every- State Legisla
ture in the Unio n. is .forbidden by its own
Constitntion4,4 exercise it. , Iticannot be
exereNed in ally State except by.. the peo
ple in - their higheit sovereign capacity
when framing or amending their State
Constitution. In. like . manner, it can only
be exereised.by the . peiipla of a Territory
represented in la Convention of delegates
for the purpoie of framing a Constitution
preparatory teladmission as a State Into
the Union. Then,.and not till, then, are,
they invested ;with power to decide the
question whether slavery shall Or shall not
exist within their limiti. This is an act
of sovereign authority, and not ilf snhordi.
nate Territorial legislation. Vera it oth-'
cruise, then indeed would' the.eqiudity , of
the States in - the Territeries - be.destroyed,
and the rights of property in slaves would
depend, not on the .guarantees of the-
Con,stitution, lint upon the shifting 'major
ities of an irresponsible Territorial Legisla
ture. Such a fromintrinsic'
unsoundness; gannet its
long infliience any
~
considerable plrtion of ourpeo le, much,
less : can it afford a good reason . or a diss
olution.ofthe Union. • - -
The most palpable violations of consti
tutional duty which-have yet - been com
mitted consist in the acts ofdifferent State
I.,eiislatnresto[defeixt the execution of the
Fugitive - Slai-ellaw. It ought ito be..re
membered,,hoWever, that for these acts;
neither Congress nor any President can
justly be held responsible. Hafing - been
passed in Violalien of the Federal - Consti
tution, they ar , ther'efore, null; and void. I
All. the courts, both State. and', national, 1
before whom t e question has arisen, have
from the begintting declared the Ffigitive
SlaVe law to 11 'constitutional. The single
exception is that of a State' court in Wis- .
consin ; and OP '-has •not ouli,been re
versed by the proper, appellate tribunal,
but has met with such universal reproba
tion
that there! can he no danger from it
as a precedent.l The validity of this laW
has been established over and over
by
,the Supreine .Court of the United
States with perfect unanimity. It is
_found
ed upon .an an' express provision of the
Constitution, requiring . that 1.. fugitive
slaves who escaPe from service iii one State
to another shill be "delivered up" to their
masters, .Without this provision it'is a
well known historical fact that the Con
stitution itself could never have been
adopted by thel Convention. In one form
or other under the actseif 1793 Mad 1E150 2
both being aub4tantially the siune,the Fe
gitiveSlaye lad has been'the low ' of the
land frOnithe days of Washingtatinntil the
present moment. - ...
• Here, then, clear case is presented, in
which it will b the duty of the next Pres
ident, as it has: een my own, to, act. with ,
vigor in exectiting thin supreme law against,
the conflicting 'enactMents ofStiite Lees-
lat pros. ' Should befall in the perfOrenume .
Of this high duty he will then hn 1X
ve -
,taiii,
Te s ted a-disregarii of, the Constitution and
lawsio the grat injury of the Pail° of
nearly one halflof the States of theUttion.
But are we to Prestuise in advanni:t4f hit.
Will thus violate his - duty 1 1 ,. ilthv would
be St int with every principle, Otkletiee
• . l I •
•
1' .
.1
I NO. 50.
and of Christian charity. Lotus wait for
the overt mt. The Fugitive Slave law
has been carried into ekecuticei in every
contested case since the commencement of
the present Administration; 6001 1 often
it is to be regretted, with great loss .altd
inconvenience to the master, and with con
siderable expense to _the Government.—
Let us trust.that the. State Legishitonst
will repeal their unconstitutional and oli-•
noitious enactments. Unless thiS shall be
done without unnecessary delay-it is inn=
ppouu'ble for any human power to save the
Union. • .
The Southern States, standing on the
basis of the COnstittitio . n, have a right to
demand this act ofjustme from the States
of the North. Skould it be refused, then
the Constitution, to which all the States
areparties; will have been wilfully viola=
ted by one portion of them in - a provision
essential to the domestic sedulity, and
} eat.
ha '
happiness of , the remainder. lathat event;
th injured Stites, after having first used
allpeaceful and constitutional means, to
l ob ain redress, wotild be justified-in rev ,
lof ionary resistance to theGoveriment of
1 the Union. •
I have purposely confined my remarkS
to revolutionary resistance, beeauo jt has
been claimed within the last few years
that any State, whenever this shall be its
sovereign will and pleasure, may secede
from the Union, in accordance with the
Constitution, and without 'any violatien of
the constitutional -rights of the other' ,
members of. the Confederacy. That :is
each became parties to the Union by the
'vote of its own people assembled in Con
vention, so any
. one of them may 'retire
from the Union in a sirellitr manner by the
vote of such Convention.
In order to justify secession as a con
stitutional remedy it must be on the p.rin
eiple that the Federal Government is a
mere voluntary association of States, to
be dissolved at pleasure by any one of
the contracting parties. If this be so the
Confederacy is a rope of sand, to be pene
trated and •dissolved by the first tuiverse
wave'of public. opinion in any of the States.
In this manner our. thirty-three States
may resolve theradblves into as many
petty, jarring and hostile Republics, each
one retiring from the Union,without re.
sponsibility, whenever any suden excite
ment might impel them to such a conrse.
By this_ process a Union " might be entire.
ly broken into fragments in a few weekli,
mhieh cost our forefathers many - years of
toil, privation and blood to establish.
Such a_prideiple is wholly inconsistent
with thetory as well as the character
of the federal Constitution. After it was
framek% with the greatest deliberation and
care it was submitted to conventions of
peaple of the several States for ratifica
tion. Its provisions ,were discussed at
length in these bodies, composed of the
first men of the country. Its opponents
contended that it conferred powers upon
the Federal Government dangerous to the
rights of the. States, while its advocates
maintained that under a fair construction
of the instrument 'there was no founda
tion for such apprehensions. In that
struggle between the first' intellects of
this or any other country, it never occur
red to any individual either among its
opponents or advocates, to assert, or even
to intimate, that their efforts were all vain
labor, because the moment that any State
.felt herself agrieved' she might - secede
from the Union. 'What a crushing argu
ment would this • have proved against
these who dreaded that'the rights of the
States would be endangered by the Con
stitution. The truth is, that it was not
till many years alter the origin of the Fed
eral Government that such a propositibn
was first advanced. It was then met and
refuted by the conchisive arguments Of
General jackson, who, in hia'inessage of
lath January, 1833; transmitting the nut:
lifying ordinance of South earolinh to
Congress, employs the following . languag
"The right , of the people of a single State
to absolve themselves at will,- and without
the consent of the other States, from their
most Solemn obligations, and hazard the
liberty and happiness of the millions com
posing this Union, cannot be acknowl..
edged. Such authority is believed= to -he
utterly repugnant both to the principles
upon whichthe General Government is
constituted and to the objects which it
was expressly formed to attain."
It is not
,pretended that any clause iu
the Constitution gives countenance s
such. a theory. It is altogether founded
upon inference, not from any language
contained in the instrument itself, but
from the sovereign character of the several'
States by which it was ratified. But is it
beyond the power of a State, like an indi
vidual, to yield a.portion of its sovereign
rights to .secure the remainder? In the
language of Mr. Madison, who has been
called the father of the Constitution :
"It was formed by the States—that is,
by the people of each of the States, acting
in their highest sovereign capacity; and
formed,consequently ley the same author
ity which formed the State Constitutions.
Nor is the Government of the United
States, created by the Constitution, Iva a
Government in the stria- sense of the
term,wjthin the sphere of its powers,thde
the Governments created by the-Consti
talons of the States are, within their sev
eral spherei. It. is; like them, organized
into- Legislative executive . and judiciary
departments. It operates, like them, di-
rectly on persons and thins; and, like
them, it has at command a physical forie
for executing the 'powers committed to
It was intended to be perpetual, aid
not tckbe annulled at the Orsini an'y' -
one of the contracting puttee. ,The old
articles of confederation were .entitled,
"Articles of. Confederation - sad Perpetual
Union lietw_cen the States sad bi the
isth article:it is expressly deelanod that
"the articles of this Confederation shall"
be iniiolably' observed by every State,
and the Union: shall be'perpetutd." The
Preandile to the Constitution of the United
States, having express reference to the
ertielesoMonfederation,recites that it was
established "in order to *brat a more per.
feet union." And yet it la contended tbat
this "more perfect union" - does not in.
clnde-the essentiatattribute of perpetuity:
- - But that the anion wee designed to he
perpetual smears
_eonolush ,from 110
JOB FROMM of ALL
DOiarAvisix onset a' 11LF • .
I)3II MCOCa r tA*I
- Minx viDiptixtizriz • - •
• AND 4,T "LIVE AND L LIVE" manor
Tea office .of the Montrolie Democrat
Ira recently bon sapplied with a riew sad choke
tl=eta, and we are sew peesemei . ec k paw
ate4acc,, bate Ding ems, an sbarcuedee.
litsndbills, Na. Programi
NW Wok atm** to thi as, s It," doe..,pnithe to oar
Ilinsiikeo, Wedding, and' ner,
._
. Ball Otani
Ifiek,, eta, prided with mum and !lowa, V
I 1
Imams' and Constables' BlinkkNetet
De*, mad diode Maks; as Ikand. at WW2. UP oat.
r.VPP 4 r!?7l" . !rlnns'rrirnrfr''''!.l
nature and extent of- the pciwerasconTeri
red by the Constitution on ;the Ewen!.
Government. -These poweii embrace the
very highest attributes of national Igor.
adgnty. They place both the sword and
purse under its control. Congress hal
poirer to melte war, and to roa Pesee
to raise and support armies and navies,
and to conclude treaties wit;} foreign goc. ,
ernments. It is invested with the power,
to coin money, and to regulate the value,
thereof, and to regulate commerce. with
foreign nations, and among the several
States. It is not necessary . to enumerate
the other high powers which have been ,
conferred upon the Federal Government.
In order to-carry the enumerated powers
into effect, Congress possess the exclusive
right to lay and collect duties on imports;
and in common with the States to lay and
collect all other taxes. •
Bat theiCowttituti on has not only con.
ferred these high powers_ upon Congress,
but it has adopted effectual mane to re
strain the States from interfering with
their exercise. For that purpose it lisi l / 4
in strong prohibitory language, expressly \
declared that "no State shall enter into/
any treaty, Mince or- confederation;
grant letttevs of marque and reprisal; coin
money;_ emit bah of credit; make any- ,
thing but gold and silver coin a tender
in payment of debts; pass any bill of at
tainder, ex post, facto law, or law imparing
the obligation of contracts." MoreoVer, •
" Without the consent of. Congrea no
State shall lay - any impost _or duties,
on any imports or exports, except what
may be absolutely necessary for execu
ting its inspection laws;"_and, if they
exceed this amount, the excess shall be.
long to the United States. ' •
And "no State !ball, Without the con
sent of Congress, lay any duty-of tonage,•
keep troops, or ships of war,' in time of
peace ; enter into any agreement or corn
pal- with another State,
,or with a for
erign power;- or engage in. war, unless
-actually invaded, or in. such imminent ,
danger as Will not-admit of delay?!
In order still- farther to secure the tin-,
interupted exercise of these!, high pow.
era agaitisState interposition; it is pro
vided "t hibas this Constitution' and the
laws of the United States ivhicir shall be
made in purivance thereon and all trea- - •
ties made; or which shall be made, under
the authority of the United States, shall
be the _supreme law of the-land and the
Jidges in every State shall ber bound
thereby, anything in the Colatitudes!. or
lairs of any State -to the contrary not.'
withstanding."
The solemn sanction ofragiOn has been
superadded to .tho• obligation of official
ditty, and •all Senators and Representa
liveti of the United States, all Members of -
State Legislatures, and all executive and
judicial • officers, "both of -the United
States and of the several States, shall be
bound by oath or itftirmatibn to support
this Constitution."
„Li order toearry in to.effect these powers
the Constitution has established a perfect
Government in all its forms, Legislative,
Executive and Judicial; and this Govern-,
merit, to the extent of its powers, acts di
rectly upon the individual citizen of every
State, and executes its own decrees by •
the ageney of its own officers. In. this re►
spect it.dil ers entirely-from the Govern
.ment under” he old Confederatian, which
was confined to making requisitions on the
States in their sovereign character: Tbis
left it in the discretion of each whether to
obey or refuse, and they often declined to .
comply with such , requisitions- It -thus
became necessary, for the purpose of re
moving this barrier,
and. 'in order to
form a more pefect Union;' to establish
a Government which-could. act directly_
upon the. people and execute its own laws
without the - intermediate agencr of the
States. This has been sccernplished by .
the Constittition of the United States. .
In F) holt, the Government created by
ate Constitution, and deriving its author
ity from the sovereign people of each of
the sevoral.States, has preately the same
right to ' exercise its power over the peo-
ple of all these States; in the enumerated
cases, that each one of them possesses
over subjects not delegated to the United
States, but " reserved_to the "States, re
spectively, or-to the people.."_ To the extent -of the delegated_ powers .
the Constitution of the United States is an
much a part of the Constitution of each
States, and is is binding upon its people,
as though it had been textually inserted
therein. _
This Govirnment, therefore, is a great
and powerful Government, invcsted with •
all the attributes of sovereignty over the.
special subjects to whiebits authority ex.
tends.. Its framers never intended to ha
plant in its bosom the . seeds of its own de
struction, nor were they at its creation
guilty 'of the absurdity of providing for
its own dissolution. It was not intended
by its farmers to be tale baseless fabric of -
a visiOnwhich, at the tench of the enchan
ter, would vanish into thin air, but a
substantial Sand mighty &brie, capable of
resisting the slow decay of time and'of
defybi,g thestorms of ages. . . Indeed, well
may the jealous initriota of. that day have
indulged fears that a gov,eriment of such
high, powers might violate the reserved
rights of_the States, and wisely did they
adopt tho rule of a strict construction of -
these powers to prevent 'dangq! But
they did not fear, nor .bad they any reason
to imagine, that the Constitution would
ever be. -so interpreted as .to enable any
State, by her own act, and without the -
aid of her sister States, to.discharge her
penile from all or any of her Federal ob.
ligation,.
- It may bo asked, then, are tbepeople of
the States without redress against- _the
tyranny and oppresidon of-the , Federal
-Government? B y comment. The:right
of resistance on the pert or the governed
against the oppression " . - - of their' Govern
meats Cannot be denied. It exists inde
pendently of all Ponstitutions, 'and his
been exercised at. allPeviods of the !solid's
history. Under it old Governments have
been destroyed, and new ones have taken
their place. • It is embodied' in strong and
expressive language in our own . Warn
tion of Independence. Bat -the dlitkotions
gnist ever be observed, that this histsvo.i'
111$4411gainst an established Goveintnentil
04 spot. ik voluntary seam* froviiVbr
„ . .