remained unredreosed. Itentonstrances a
'plinst•thette crierances - hare been. addressed,
without effect, to-that government.; Mean:
time, in various`: parts of die Republic, _ in
tances have been. numerous: of the murder.
imprisonment and plunder of ou citizens,' by
different parties olaitning; and, exercising a
; but the central govern
ment, althbugh . repeatedly urged thereto,hare
•made no effort:either to .ptinial the authors
of those, outrages or to, prevett their recur
rence. No. American'citizen C.:O now visit
Ni?..xico on lawful but.ine .. without imminent
4ag . e.• to hi's person and property. There-is
no adequate prctection 'to tiiher, and in this
respect our treaty with that tepublio is almost
a dead letter. ' .
This
_state o f affairs was brought to a crilz:is
Itay • last by the prcrmult-rateri•of a decree
tevyitgaventribution pro rota upon all the
capital in the republic between certain speci
fied.. amounts,' whether held by Mexicans or
foreigner's. Mr. For4th, regarding s thii de•
cree in the light of a "forced Joan," formally
protested against its application to his conn
• rtyruen, - tud. whined them not to pay the
dontribution, but to suffer it to be forcibly
dzacted. Acting upon this advice, ari Ame
4inall citizen refused to pay the c,ontribution,
And his property_ was seized by aimed men
- to sati,fy the . amount. 'Not content with
t4is, rite gove.rnment,proceeded still further,
fild issued a degree banishing 'him - from the
country.. Our minister imm — ediatelyi notified
ihem that if this decree should be carried in
..
toexecutionle would feel it ,to be his duty
m adopt "the most decided measures that be
tong tg, the powers and obligations of the re
presenTative office Notwithstanding this
- warning, the banishinent was enforced, and
Hr. Forsyth promptly announced to the
government the suspension of the political
relationlito his legation with them, until the
pleasure of his own government squid be
•
riscertained.
This government did-not .regard the con
tribution imposed by'-tbe decree of the I.sth
May- last to be in strictness a "forced' 10an.,"
End as such prohibited by the 10th article
of the treaty of 1826 between Great Britain
and Mexico, to the benefits of which. Ascneri
cian citizens are entitled by treaty; yet the
inspositiork:of the contribution upon foreig
ners was considered an unjust and oppressive
measure. Beshles, internal factions in mho
parts of the Republic 'were at, the same time
levying similar exactions upon the property
Of our"cittzens, and interrupting their com
merce. There bad been an entire failure on
the part of our minister, to sernre re&ess for
the wrongs which ouricitizeni - had - ,endured,
notwithstanding his pet severing efforts.. And
from the temper ...manifested-by the Mexican
government, be Lad repeatedly assured its
that no favorable change could be expected,
until the United States `give striating evnlence
of their will and power to protect their citii..
- ens," and that "severe chastening is the- only
earthly remedy . for our grievances." From
thisstatement of faots it would have been
worse thanidle, to direct Mr. Forsyth to re
trace his Steps tud resume diplomatic rela.
tions with that government and it west
therefore, deemed proper., to sanction his
‘iiihdrawal -of 'the legation from the city of
Mexico.. -
Abundant cause now unttoubtedly exists,
for a resort to hostilities against the, govern
ment still holding poseaa.ion Of the capital.
-Should they succeed in subduing the con
'stitutional forccs,all reasonable hope will then
have end'red of a peacerUi settlement of our
On the other hand,should the constitution-
sl party'pret:ail, and their authority be es::
fahlishetl over the'republic, these 'is reason
to hope that they tsilr be animated by a less
unflieudly'spirif. and mae , graht th.• --"""
to Amerkan citiekos yeetice requires,
E 0 far as they, may possess the - means. But
for this expectation ; I 4:ould at once bare
re
commended ;to Congress to grant the neces
'airy power to.the President,to take possession
of a_sutrici.eut portion of the remote and. un
sealed territory of ltlexico,to be held in pledge
until our injuries shall be .redressed and our
just demands be satisfied. N'Ve have already
exhausted every milder means of ,obtaining
justice. In such a case, this remedy of re ! .
prisalsis recognized by the law of nations,
not only as just itself, but as a means of pre
venting satin! war'. .
Blit there. Itianother.viett 'of our relations
with Mexico, arising- from the unhappy con
dition of affairs alongour southwestern front
ier' whieh demands immediate.aetion. In
that iernolo tEgioti, where there are but few
White inheLitanti, large halals Of hostile and
predataty ludiens romn pro's ise.nonsly over
the Mexican Stat.4;s of Chihuahua and Sono
ra, and our adjoining Territories. the local
go‘ernments of these States ,Wie perfectly
helpless, and are iept in a State of constant
alarm by the ludiats. They haVe.'not the
p4'ir, if t,liey possessed the will * even to re
strain lawiet-alexicans from passing the border
end committing depredations on our remote
se s ttisrs, A state of anarchy and violence
recalls throughout that: distant frontier: - The /
lass are a death letter, and life and property '
I
are wholly - insecure. -For this reason the
-aittlettect.of Arizona is arrested, while it is
of great hiparfatice thnt a giutin of inhabit- '
tuts extend all; along its southern
•Swid - cr,sulTicieni for their own protection and
that of the United States Mail passing to and
frqm Caliturnia. Well founded apprehensions
ere now entertained that the Indians, and
wandering Mexicans, -equally lawless, may
hreali up the 'important stage and postal
corne3usio..ltion ret.eutl7 established between
ore Ad . :in:au and Nan poessions. This
past-es very near to the Mexican boundary,
• throughout the whole length of Arizona. I
can imagineno - possible remedy for these
evils. and an nuebrouf restoring law and order
on tkt I.i-44W:unsettled frontier, but for
the goiernrwat, of the I.7nited .Stsites to as
mu ne a temporary Prolectorate over the
northern portions of Chihrta-hua bud €onora;
and se establish military posts trithin the.'
e.arne—rte this earnestly recommend to
Congress. This, protection tnay be with
drawn, as soon a local governments shall be
established in these. Mexican Status,, capable
of performing their duties to the United
States, restrarning the lawless and preserying
peaceslong the border.
I da rot 6at 113:, tor are will ht .
tiered in it friendly spirit by the governeents
and - people of Chihnahint . and Sonora, es it
141 rate equhlly effecfni4 for the protection
of.their citizens on tit- remote tad _ /awls*
fren4r3as for citive,as of the United Suites,
dad in ttzhs oateedon, pee:, it Aloag.
your . Attentiott :the condition of Arizona.
Tire pOlielatiee of that Territory, numbering,
as • 4411 Aged, more than ten thousand souls,
kre pinetically, without a government, with
out :Its% at I , lll o _ ll 11 any regular admiDis
ti*tion of patios. }fOxief sod other crimes
ire Dom mitti,d with iropatily. This state of
tlaisigasaila kondlpfirr rectum ; sod I , "there.'
ore s repea4 eve re.nonytne',odation for the es.l
tablishearat of e teraterial 14V4V1113031t eereri
Arianosc.
Thakpolicioid:oendition of the tyro* lath.
Inns sof -01ntratAtoeries througiswhich
sit matespatit, betwaim the Atlantic sad A
cific-Oceans,liresent s stdajeat of der, interest
to Al(notanascial - nations. h ii.:.over the"
transits, that*.proportion trade
and srucei bet y
_ wean 110 PaPPlikalail Asiatic
iii - clusti2o4 41 pees. r 4 ). • the
".'f•#S. S' t ' fr , r"1 14 4 , 4 •vfiw,-.ll..oTaMek
importance, as a means of communication
between their Atlantic` and raeilic possess.
ions. l'he latter now extend throughout
seventeen degrees of latitude on the Pada
coast, embracing the important State of Cali
fornia and the flourishing Territories of Ore/
gon and Washington. - All commercial `nab l
tioas, therefore , haven deep and direct inter:
est, that - these communications shall he
rendered secure from interruption. If an
arm of the sea, connecting the two oceanti,
penetrated through Nicaragua and Costa
Rica, it could not 'be pretended that 'these
States would have the right to arrest or- re
tard its - navigation, to the, injury of othrir
nations_ - The transit by laud over the nes
rdw isthmus occupies nearly the same posi
don, It is a highway in which they theni
,iselves have little iuterest,vs hen coMpared with
the vast interests of tire Test of the wilt' :1
Whilst their rights ef sorerefignty ought o
be respected, his the duty of otter nations io
require, that this rreportant passage shall not
be interrupted, by the elvil we:S . -and revol- I
it
tionnry - outbreaks, alichhave to frequent y
occured in that region. The stake itktoo ina.
Torten', to be left at the mercy of rival conk
patties, claiming to hold convicting contracts
with NicaragOa. The conlmerce of other
nations isrot to stand still and 'Resit the al•
justrnent of such petty controversies. The
government of the 'United ,States expect ho
more than this, and they, will not be satisliesl
with less.. They would not, if they con! i d,
derive any , advantage from
. the Nicarag u a_
transit, not common to the rest of the wor d.
Its neutrality and protection, Tor the common
use of all nations, is their, ally object. They
have no bltiection that Nicaragua shall de•
mand and receive a fair compensation, Trcim
the eompanics and iedividuals who mtty
traverse the route; but they insist that it shall
never„hereafrer be closed, by anarbitr+y I
decree of that government. If disputes.arise
between It and those with whom they May
have entered into cenfraets, these must be
adjusted by
-some fair tribunal provided iiir
the purpose, and' the , toute Must tot be Closed
pending the controversy. This is our wlible
policy, and cannot fail to be acceptable Ito
other nations. 1
All these difficulties might be avoided, if,
consistently with the good faith of Nicafistu'a,
the use of this transit ould be thrown d n
to general competitio *; providing at he
Fame time for the pa t i
merit of a reasons le
rate to the Nicaraguan ;government, on as
sengers and freight. 1 ,
to august, 1135 t, the Accessory Transit
'Compay made its first inttrocemdc trip ciVer
the Nicaraguan route, and continued its sac-
L
eesful operation, with great advantage to the
public, until the 18th Februhry, ,1866, w en
it. was closed, and the grant to this company',
as well as its charter, were summarily and
arbitrarily revoked by the eoternment of
President Rivas. ' Previous to this date,
however, in 1844,,sariaus disputes to1n6•11-
ing to ;slttlement of their accounts ;had
arisen bei4een the company antlthe ger ru
men:, thrcattning the Interruption of the
route at :My moment., These the LT iced
States in vain endeavord -to compose. It
would be useless to narrate the Various ro
ceedingswhich took place between the ar
ties, up till the• time when die transit
discontinued. Suffice it to say that,
February., 1158, it" has renthineli
greatly to thu prejudice of citizens 0r
dusted States, Since time .tithe the en
titian has ceased between the rival rout
Panama and Nicaragua, and, in conseq
thereof, an onjost and nnreasortahle am
has been exacted from our citizens for
•
passage-to and.from Califordia. -
, A tre aty was , s
t i 11 3 0 63 tse_
re " tai; of
N...
an - dminister of I.Cicarrigua, under the
latious of whiaillie use and protection d
transit route would have been seemed
only to the United States, but egally t,
other nations. How and, on what .ptl
this trety has failed to receive the ratift:
of the Nicaraguan governmeht, will a
by the papers herewith communicated.'
the State Department. The princi
jection seems tO have been, to the pro
authorizing the United States to emplo
to keep the route Open, in case liica
. .. ... . .
should fail to perform her duty in this
From;the feebleness in that republic, i
quent ehangesn(goreloment, and its
scant internal lissensions, this had bec.,
most important stipulation, and one
ly necessary not milt for the security
routti, but for the safety of American c
passitg and repassing to add from our
fl; posFes.(lans. Were such a stipulati
brp.oetlin a treaty between the Unite&
and-ls:learagua; the knowledge cf th
would of itself tnost,.probably prevent
partiCs trotti-ccnitiittite Aggre.sions
route, and render our antual interfere
its protection unnecessary. _
The etieutive government in dais enuntry,
7
in its inteicourka witii_ s foreign nations, is
limited, to the ; employment of diplomacy
alone. ' When this fails, it, can proceed no
further. ,It cannot legitimately retrt,..to
forks, without the direct authdrity o
::.Con
gress, except in resisting and rebellibg bostile
attacks. It would have no authority t .enter
,
the territories of I,ticaragua, even to tete&
-the deltructiou of the transit, and pro eat the
lives and property of our own citizens n their
passage. It is true, that on a sudden inerg
ency of this character, the President{ would
direct any armed force' in the viol city to
march to their relief ; but in doing this be
would act, upon his own responsibilit:
• tilde t1.1.e circunstances, I eat nt___ _ _
'c
o_a,
'commend, to congress, the passage o an act
authorizing the resident ; under au b res
trictiops as they may deem proper, to c mplby
the land and naval forces of the United
States in *preventing the !mirth fr : being
obstructed or closed by lawless violen and
in protecting the lives and property
s of Ame
rican citizens travelling thereupon, requiring
at the same time that those forces Shall be
withdrawn the moment thUdanger shall Lave
passed away. Without such a provis i ion, our
citizens will be constantly exposed to inter
ruptionn in their rrogirets, and to lawless via=
lener. - t
. A similar teeessitk exists for the
of such an act, for' the protection
Panama and Teimadtepec.routes. ,
In 'reference to the' ?anima route; the
United States, by their existing treaty with
New Granada, expressly guarantee .he nen
h' trality of the Isthmus, "with- the riew that
tha ins transit from the. ne to de her sea
AsS, he interrupted oviscisarr in
;Any -future time 'while .thiir, treaty exi to."
In, isgard to 'the Tehuantepec rout which
ha& been recently . opted -ceder ' *Ault
favorable auspices, our, treaty with Mexico
of thei3Oth December, 1658, secur to the
I citizen* of the United States a right of trim,
sit over it for their persona and Etter handizo,
and stipulates tint neither governm tit shalt
1 oterpoat. any obstacle" , tbereto, It alao
1 concedes to /Wired States tire right. to
i . eraosport swore the /admits, in bags,
the mails of the United States not intended
for distritattioci- *loot the hie of- hit oom
munication ; ako, the , effects of t United
States, overnment audits citizens w lab may
las intended for transit,- and not for distrilau
, tit% an the /sancta, foie of custo m *one or
other obarges - byrAtitillesloan goy t."
Those Peaty a . tirilatirros rrith Ntir ) Gram
-4a and Meeino. to Aidition s tothe wider'..
N.,TIC ArrliC*Fkl t'l !be I . 7 7rPrlgva T I I: #l4.tiern
t to require legislation for the purpose of carry- l
ing them into effect.
The injuries which have been inflicted up
on Our citizen's in Costa Rica and Nicaragua,
during the lasi two er three years, have re.
ceivefi the prompt attention of this govern.-
meta. , Some of these injuriesvere of the most
aggravated chatectetr. the transaction of
Virgin Bay. in - April, 1.85 e, when a company
of unarmed Americans, who were in no way
connected with any belligerent conduct or
party, were fired upon by the troops of Costa
Rica,and - trumberiof andvtounded,
was brought to the knowledge of Congress
by my predecessor soon after its occurrerce,
and *as also patented to the goverment of 1
of Costa Rica, - for that immediate inVestiga
tion and redress which the nature of the case
demanded. A similar course was
. pursued
yrith reference to of
outrages in these
countries,' some of Which were baldly less
aggravated in their chiracter than the trans-
Retied at Virgin' 'Bay. At the time, bow
eVer, When our present minister to Nicaragua
was appointed, in December, 1857, no redress
had beet obtained for any of these wtongs,
abd no reply even had been received- to the
demands ithich had been Made by this
goveniMett 'upon that °Mosta Rica, more
than tv year. before' • Our minister was in
struCled;therefere, to lose no time in /Oats
ing to those governmentslhe deep regret with
(Lich tne I t resident Lad witnessed this lb
-attention to the just eititos of the United
Stales, And in demanding_ their promlit kid
satisfactory adjustment. 'Unless this &brand
shall ,e complied with at au early day, it wit
only remain for this government to adopt
such other measures as may be necessary, in
order to obtain for itself that justice which it
has in•vain attempted to secure by peacefal
Mewl, from the governinent of Nicaragua
and Costa Rica. While it has shown, and
will continue to show,the most 'sincere regard
`for the rights and honor of these republics, it
"cannOt permit this regard to be 'met by an
utter neglect, on 'their part, of,'what is due to
the gorerautebt and • citizens pf the United.
. States.
•Againstt 'New Gradatlis we have long
,
standing causes of complaint; arising out of
the unsatisfied claims of our citizens upon
thatrepel:4in; and to these hate been more
recently added the outrages committed upon
our citizens at Pimiento in April, 18:i8. A
treaty for the adjustment of these difficulties,
was concluded by the Secretary of State and
the minister of New Granada, in September,
1857, which contained just and acceptable
liroviiiting for that purpose. This treaty
was transmitted to Bogota, and was ratified
by the government of_New Granada t but with
I 'Certain amendments. It was not, however,
returned to this city until after the dose of
the last session of the Senate. It will be
immeaiately transmitted to that hody for
their advise and consent; and shobld this be
obtained, it will remove our existing causes
of complaint against New Granada on the
gubject of claims.
Questions have arisen between the two
governments, as , to the right ofliew,Granada
to levy a tonnage ditty upon the vessels of
the United States in its ports of the Isthmus,
and to levy a 'passenger tax upon our citizens
arriving in that country, whether with a de•
girl to remain there or to pass from ocean
to ocean by the trait route and also a tax
upon thevurail of th 4United States:transport
ed. over the Penazna_railroad. The govern
ment of _New Granada has been informed,
that the United States would consider the
collection of either of these taxes, as an act
• n violation df the treaty between, the two
countris and As such would be resisted by
CMS a n d s - wwir,v.sommr WILF - 14 , 0
prepared to discuss these questions - in a spirit
of amity and jinitice,abd with a sihcerd desire
to adjat them in a satisfactory manner. A
negotiatidu fok that purpnie has already been
commenced. o effort. has 'recently been
made to collect these taxes, nor is any anti
eipated,onder the present circumstances.
With the empire of Braill our relatiOns
are of the Most friendly ellaraoter. The pro.
ductions of tbe OM countries, and especially
those of an agricultural nature, are suhb as
to invite extensile mutual eidhanges. A
large quantity of American flour is consuthed
in Brazil; whilst tonere shah treble the
amount iu value of Brazilian coffee is con
sumed in the tested States. Whilst this is
the case, a heavy duty has been levied, until
very recently, upon the importation of Acne ,
rican flour in Brazil. I am gratified ; how
ever, to be able to inform you that in Sep
tembei last this has bten reduced from $132
to about forty-nine cents per barrel', and the
duties on others ankles of our production
have been diminislied in nearly the same
propoition.
I regret to Mat& that the government of
• Brazil still continues to levy an export duty
of about:ll pei Out, on coffee, notwitbstanrf.
ing this article is admitted free from duty in
the United States. This is a heavy dlerge
upon the consumers of coffee in our country,
as we pnrchase half the entire surplus prop
of that article ri-i•tl in Bralil. Our minister,
under instructions ; will reiterald his ettorti
to have this export duty removed, and it is
hoped that the enlightened governs/lent df
the Emperor will adopt the wise, just, and
equal policy. In that event, there is good
reason to belieVe that the commerce between
the two countries will greatly int.:raze, Much
.to the advantage of both.
Tuts claims of our citidens against the
government of Bratil,are not, in the aggro
gate,. of Very large amount ; but some of
these rest upon plain principles ofjustice,and
their settlement ought not to be longer de
laged. A renewed and earnest; and I trust a
successful effortmill be made by our. minister
- to,i?ructire their final adjustment. .
On the 2d.of June-last, Conrail passed a
joint resolution authorising. the President "to
adopt such measures and use Such' force as,
in his judgment, may be betemary and ad
visable" "for the puipose of adjusting the
differences between the United States and the
republic of intrakruay, in connection with the
United on the niteti States-steamer Water.
Witch, and with other motivates referred to"
in his annual message. And ,on the 12th
July following, they made an appropriation
to defray the expenses and 'compensation of
e commissioner to that republics, should the
l i residene deem it proper -to Maki such an
appointment. - .
In coaTliattco with these eneettlents, I
have appointed a commissioner, wbo hits
proceeded to Paraguay, with full powers and
instructions to settle,these difficultieskin any
amicable and peaceful Ettanner.if this be prac
ticable. His experieree and' discrdtion ;esti
fy the hope, that he may prove successful In
tonvincing the Paraguayan*., governntant,
that it is due both to barn ,azolyustior, that
They should volontmily and promptly make
atonement for the wroggs .whinh they.here
committed against the United State*. sad
indemnify our bitted citisens whonalbay
hav e forcibly despoiled of titer property:
Should our eommissioner'prove gamenew
ful, after a sincere and eruonst effort, to air
complish the object of his *isogon, their no
altematire will remain, but.tbe emplovment
of force to obtain lust satisfaction 4 from
Paraguay. b view of this continency, tit.
saototary of the liavyi, under rey'direotioni
has &tee out and despatched a fttivyl fora%
to rendezvous sear Sues* Alm, which; it
•
is believed, will prove noo se pt for the on
caaie n i' Mir earnest 4arite. however,
the
tn Pe
t% of
once
outt
.hair
ration
pear
from
ob
ision
EIS
passage
of the
that it may not lie foniia - neeeseary to resort
to thli last niternative. ,
When Congress met in December last, the
business of the country had just been crush.
ed,by one of those political revulsions, which
ire the inevitable consequence of our un.
sound and extravagant system of bank credits
and inflated currency. With the elements
of national wealth to abimdance, our Inane
-factures were suspended, our useful public
and private enterprises were arrested, and
thousands of laborers were deprived of em
' plopnent olud•teduced to want. Universal
distress prevailed among the commercial,
manufacturing and mechanical classes. This
revulsion was felt 4lte more severely in the
United Sloes, betause simile:. causes had
produced the like deplorable effects through
out the commercial nations of Europe. All
were experiencing end_ reverses at the same
moment.
. 1 0tir Manufacturers 'estlywhel4,
suffered severely, not because of the recent ie:
duction of the tariff of duties on imports, but
because there was no demand at any prite 'for
their productions. The ,people were obliged
to re4riet themreve., is their purchases, to
articles of prime necessity. In the g 'wars'
prostratiet 'of buainess,tbe iron manufacturers
in different States probably.. suffered more
than any other class, and much destitution
Was the inevitable consequence, among the
great number of workmen who had been em
ployed in this useful branch of our industry.
There Ovid be no supply where there was no
de:nand. To present an example,there could
be . no demand for railroad iron ,' at er our
magnificent ayatezt OT railroads, extending its
benefits to every portion •of the Union,. had
been trot:tight to +a dead phut. The Barrie
consequences baba: resulted from similar
causes to many other brancbes of useful Mane
faittres. It is self evident that where there
is no ability to ptrelume matufactured ar
ticles, these cannot be sold, and censequettly
must cease to be produced.
No governmtnr, and tsytecially a govern •
ment of itch tin iced powert s 3 thlt of the
United states, could have prevented the late
revulsion. the whole Confmtrci'll world
seemed for years to have been rushibt to this
catastrophe. The same eaidcuPs consequences
would have followed , in- the United States,
whether the autie, tpen foreign imports had
remained as they were tinder the tart' of
1840, or-had been raised to a much higher
standard. The tariff of 1857 had no agency
in the-result. The general' cause, existing
throughout the world, could not have been
controlled by_the legislation Of any pahitte.ar
coun try.
The periodical levulsiont Whlelt lthvehkist
ed in our past history, must continue to re
turn at intervals, so long as,olir present un
bontided eyttein of bank credits "shall prevail.
They ivill, IlowbVer, prof itly be the less se.
vere in future ; I)ecabse it'll hot to be ex
pected, at least for Maby-years to cofne, that
the_ coeirtieniial .tfations of tbrope; with
whose • interests our own are so materially
involved, will eiposift themselves to similar
calamities. Ihtt this subject was treated so
Much at large in my last *annual message
that 1 shall not now probe it further. Mill,
I respectffilly renew the tedevizniendation, in
favor of the passage of alt deifolitt bankrupt
law, applicable to bankinp; institutions. This
is alkthe direct power omthe subject,whleh,
I heliere, the federal governritent Rosses'aes.
Such a laiv would Mitigete; though it riiitht
not,nvevent the evil. the instinct of self
preservation might produce a 'recite:ton:le
restraint upon their banking business, if they
knew iu advance, that a suspension of specie
payment would inevitably prolluce their 6%11
death.
----- irgrc lTar - crIeCIII - Urtlltr4evuttbri are now
slowly but surely
our
Away. The energy
and enterprise of our cititens i with our un 7
bounded resoUrees, will, within the period of
another yesti, '4u:ire a state of wholsome in
dustry and trade. Capital has again acCe
mulated hi ohr hale cities. The rate of
interest is there very 'kir; . Coiallthiisce is
gradually reviving;' and ad turd ai it is discos , .
Bred that this capital can be rottahle employ.
ed in commetetal anti mantifaisturing .enter
prises, and itt the construction of railroads
and other works of public and private im
provements, pro-perity
„snit again smile
throughout the lana,, it is vain, however,,
to dl.guise the fact frohi ourteleti, that a
speculative inflation of our currency, Without .
a corresponding inflation iii other countries
whose manufactures coma, into competition
with our own, muss ever produce disastrous
results to one ripmestio manufactures. No
tariff, shoit otabsolute,prohibition, can pre*
vent the evil consequences.
In connection with this soliject,it is proper
to refer to our financial condition. The
same calms which have prodoCed pecuniary
distress throughout the country, bayis so re
duced the amount of imports from foreign
countries, that the revenue has proved inade.
'pate to meet the necessary expenses of the
government. 10 supply the deficiency, Con
grew; by the act of the 224 December, 1857,
authorized the issue of $20,000,000 of treas
ury notes; and this preying inadequate, they
authorized, by the act of • fine 14th,
.1858, a
loan of $20,000,110b, "th tie applie d to . _ the
payment of ,appropriations made by law .i
No statesman would advise, that we should
go on increasing the .tiatiotral debE to meet
the ordinary
,e2penses of the governmegt.
This would be a moat ruinous policy. In
case of war, our credit must be our chief re
source, at least for the first year, and this
would be greatly impaired by, having con
tracted a large debt. in time, of peace, It is
our true polity, 0 itscreaws thereveitheso as
to . equal 'our expenditufm. It would be
rainons to boatinue to borrow :- Wide"; it
may be proper to observe, that'tke incidental
protection, thtus.*rded by a revenue tariff,
would at the present moment, to s a me extent,
increase the confidence of the maerrfacturing
interests,
.and give t fresh impUlse to our
reviving business. _To this, surely, no person
will. °Neut.
In regard to the Mode of assessing `and
collecting duties under a. Strictly revenue
tariff, I have leek entertained and often -ex
-pureed the opinioo,that sound policy . requires
this should be tien6 by spec dories in
cases to which these cam be Erft . rpetlY &pried.
They are well adapted ttti conimodities WbiCh
dre usually sold. lif weight; or El measure,
and which, from theii nature, are Ofequal or
of-nearly 'eel value. Such,' . for example,
are the articles of of different classes/raw.
sugar, and foreign Wines and spirits. ,
In My deliberate judgureati specific duties
are the Ring pot the only tin oar of securing
the relent% against take * frandufeni an
.. .. ...
voices,.and such his fteeit the practice adopt
ed for this purpose by oilier coinmerCial . ,o*.
tions. llusrades, iyacitio duties would . sherd
to thwiLigterican Maitgacturer the incidental
adifaptages tit 4401 . be is fairly entitled
under a revenue tariff. — Th . present svattun
is a slidingicaltt tobisdi - antsge. ' Under
it, when prices are high a apddbnsutees. presitif
ens; the duties rise ie aftickdat whew . he /SW
requires, tbeir aid. , On tine tiofitrart when
prices fall, and be is , struggling wpm ad ,
varsity,, the duties are dialiddllKl 111 'UM Barre',
proportion, gruff, . to. hit injury,,,
Neither %Meld there be danger that a
higher nits OS duty' (tau that. intendid- by
emigres , * Pubt be lei44 - ligthw.:form4l l l*-
eitearatiee. 1i would bo eriej , to amen/Wig
the ;Wage Taltfeof any itlitported asti:ele, for
o series air's% ; cod, instead of sabjeothut
, t I t in ed ~ eforern eliity at &certain rata pci
ceatum i to substitute iD its place au equivil
eta specific duty.
By such an arrangement the consumer
would not be injured. It is true, be might
ltive to pay 'a little more duty on a given
article in one yeai ; butlff so, he 'mald pay
a little less in ancither,and in a series Of years
these would miunterbalatiCe each pther i - and
amount to the 11010 think, SO far ae his inter
est is concerned. This inconvenience would
be trifling, when col:Amsted wi4 the ad
ditional security thus afforded against (mods
Ilion the revenue, in which everymonerunrer
is directly interested.
I have thrown out these suggestions as the
fruit of my own observation, to which Con
item, in their better judgment, will give
ruck -weight as they may justly deserve.
The reptrt of the Secretary of the Treasury
will explnit An, detail the operations of that
department of thegovernment. The receipts
into the treasury _ from all Votfrces during the
fiscal year ending 30thitne ' ISM, including
the treitary totes - attlforited by the act of
December 11 1 0., sveve 140;211,569 59,
which amount,' with the balance of 617,110,
tt4 27 remaining in the treasury at 'the
comtilendetrrent of the year, made an aggre:
sate ifor'tlfo service' of the year of /197,9,3,
9V3 1113.
The pal7e etplemliteres - dtritg the ftcal
year ending June 30th, 1858, attounted to
eighty-one million five hundred and eighty
five thousand six hundred and sixtv-seven
dollars aiti twenty sixtents,(sBl,sBs,6B7 28.)
of width nitre million vix lreedredttrl eighty
:fuer thousand five hundred and thirty seven
dollars and nidety-nitre cent*, ($9,68' 4,537 4 19.)
were applied to the payment of the public
debt, and the redemption of treasury Doles
with the interest thereon, leaving in the
treasury on July Ist, 1858, being the corn
nrencemett of the present fiscal yesl, six mil
lion three hundred and ninety-eight thetts'and
three hundred and- sixt'en dtllers add ten
cents, ($1,3,8,310 10.)
The receipts into the tdslabry, durint the
first qsartbr of the present fiscal year, emu
meticieg the Ist Jule., 1838, including one
half thn of the loan t'rf twenty ruillidis of tot
lirs, With the premium updn it, authoriled
by the act of 14th June, 1858, were t 'verity
five itillion two hnuedred and thirty thousand
eight huddred and setenty-nine dollars and
forty six cats, ($2:3,23079 4t,) and the
estimated receipts for the remaining three
quarters to the 30th June, 1859; from ordi
nary estivees, ere thirty-eight million five
hundred thetVend dolltrs, ttet,501),020,)
making with thb balance before stated, at ag
gregate of 70million one hundred and twenty
nine thousand one hundred and ninety-five
dollars add fifty-six cents, (870, 120,19 4 3 et.)
The expenditures during the first quarter of
the presant fiscal year, war'o txreety.one
seven hundred and eight thousand one
littudied Ind ninety-eight dollars and fifty
one cents, ($21,7013,198 51.,) of which One
million ten thousand one hundred and forty
two dollars and thirty-seven cent* 851,010,-
142 37) were applied to tbi n pltymetit of the
petit%) debt and the redeMptien of treasury
notes AM the interest thereon. The estimated
etPendittlrts,dnring the remainitlg thrbe guar=
tern to 30th tune, 1839, are fifty-two million
three tundred and •fifty-seven thousand sir
Intlldred add ninety-eight dollars and forte
eight bents, ($52,357,698 49.) making an
tiggiegate t:,rf bet•cuty-fotir nallfion sixty-five
thousand tight botticl red and ninety-nine tents,
(674,068,699 61),) being ati eacess of expen
diture, beyond the estimated receipts into the
treasury frfini orditutry e•dhrceo, during the
fiscal year of the 35th Jude, 1859 of three
nimx has rend arid thirtv•iix thagaianil
seven hundred and one do l lars and Forty
three cents, ($3;1:16,701 43.) nxtraordidary
means me placed by law tvitliih the boibated
of the Secretary of the 'treasury, by the reiWne
of treasury notes redeemed, hbtl tsy nego
dating. the balance of 114 loan authoriled by
the act of 14th 'June, 1858, to the eiteEt of
eleten million of dollars, whioh, rrealiied
daring the present fiscal ydar, r,ili lesitt a
balance in the treasury, on the trEt. (14 of
Jelly, 169, of seven million sixty-three
thousand two hundred and ninety-eight dol
lars and fifty-seven center, (47,0634 1 A St)
The estimated receipts dining the next
flse.al year ending tfOth June, Id6o, are silty
two Million, (tf12,001i,600,) which, with the
above estimated balance - Of seven million
sixty-three thousand , two hundred and ninety
eight dollars and fifty-seven cents, (47,083,-
57,) make an eggregate for the near
Esc's! yeati of silty-nine milion siity- chive
thotikiiid two halo:110 and ninety-eight (W
-him alit! fifty-seirere cents, R 19,063,2118 57)
Thri estimated expeiid Lures during the next
Wel Year ending 30th June, 1860, are
seventv-thret milaoo one hundred and thirty
nine iliciulaidd ore hundred and forty-seven
dollars a:ld forty-sikeeits, ($3,135,147.4g.)
which leave a deficit of estimated means; com-
Plana —ii-Ls.chaiaiLibated expenditutes for that
fear, boltilbedtibp;
four add figenty'lve thoilsafid eight
hundred and forty-eight dolled and eighty
nibs cents, ($1,0751148 89.)
In addition , to Allis sum, the Postihaster
4eneral will,require from the treasilry, for
the service of the Post ()ince teliartmet,
three million eight hundred and thirty-eight
thodsinit seven hundred 'add twenty-eight
dollars, ($,8613,718,) as explained in the re
port of the Secretary of the treasury, .which
will increase the estimated deficit on the 30th
June, 1860, to seven million nine - hundred
and fourteen %godsend nve behalf and Bei
enty-six dollars, and eighty-nine cents, ($l,-
114,570 89.) To provide for the pat Meet
of this estimated deficiency, which will be
inc;eased by such appropriations as may be
roods by Congress, not. estimated for in the
report of the treasury riepartiffell; tlg well as
to provide for- the gradual iedemptiah, from
year to year, Cif the cietitetidifik . tidastify
notes; the SetiretarY of the treasury recom
mends snob a revision of the presint tirit as
raise the required amount. After what
I bate afieady said, I need scarcely add that
I concur in the opinion expressed in his report
—that the pittbdicilebt Atonid not be increas
ed by an additioudt loan, and would there
fore 6f ; rofigly urge Congress the, duty
of malcinx, at, their _present sess i on, the ne-
CariiiirY proirgioli or meeting these liabilities.
The palie'debt on the let July. 1848; the
commencement of the present fiscal year,
was $25,155,077 8t
During the first (trailer of the presitit yeir,
the sent of tifi,bob,ooto has been negotiated
of the loin setboriioi by the act 14th lUne,
-1858—making ihe Present outstanding pub
lic debt, exclusive of treasury n0te5,1135,15P,-
977 6(. Tare ws>ri on the first July;1850,
of tressury - notei' idtitied by iirthority cf , act
December 23'd,. 167" unre ' deem '
ed, the slim
of Illo;'s4,Boorulaking the amountof, ao
indebtednewii ;let date, ,1144,8t8`,=
777 el. To this, will, beidded 00,06000
durinl the piesimp liscitl . year—this being the
&thinning half of the loan n(1120,000,000
Doet vegotiated. •
ky
This rapid increase of the public debt, sad
the nedsawity whips edit for smodificatitin
Of the tariff,. to 'Mint Mao the Onfiniry. ei
peijses os t e Oseernrient, iambi to atfmcmilib
us all, us., our respective sphereeif duty, to
pri%c* . aatabitay. The °Neat& of ex
prsdithre shodd Mawr, so far
As tidal may be ItmOtioeble, i hi cite tiZo.
. .
priitious isecaresary wry temp 40;
ought to be diabameti iitio s ten se.
rountabilitf. Enliihrenrui economy dope not
consist in refUsing.to appropriate money for
'constitutional purposes,essential to the defence,
progress, and prosperity of the republic, but
lb' taking care that none of this money, shall
be wasted by tnismaoagemeni, in its applies
.llon'te'tifit affects designated by law.,
Conlpnrisdne between the annual exptitdi-.
tures at, the, Fitment time, and what it was • ten
or twenty years ago, are altogether fallacious.
The rapid itcrease of our country in extent
and populationy renders a corresponding in
crease of expenditure,sto some extent, una
voidable. This' is constantly creating dew
objects of expenditure, and augmenting the
amount required for the old. The true ques
tions then, are, have these objecti been- un-'
necessarily multiplied I or, has the amount
expended upon any or all of them, been lar
ger than comport; with due economy! In
secordanee with theie 'pritoipl'es, the beads
of the different executive departments of the
government, have been instrunted to reduce
their estimates for the dist flital year, to the
lowest standard consistent with the efineieney
of 'the service, and this duty they bast per- .
farmed in it iipiiit of lost economy. The es
. tittiate of the Trehtiry, War, Navy, mid Into-,
riot Departments, have each been in tome de
gree reclueerd', and unless a sudden , and un
forseen emergency should arise, it is not
anticiptted that. a deficiency will ixist in
titter within the present or next &seal year.
The Post Otife Depertivent is placed in a
peculiar posittar,'d?ffetent from the. other de
pariderits, and t 6 this I shall hereafter refer:
I invite Cohgress to instiateu rigid +tern•
tiny to ascertain wltether the expenses in all
the depirtnients cannot' be further 'reduCed;
and I promise them all The aid 13 ?ay power
in pursuing . the inVes: tigatlon.
'I triinsollt heVitwith the repoils mate td
me by tite Seeretsties d i r War, of the Navy,
of the Itterior, and of tie Postinaster Marral.
I'h"ey each contain valuable . ieferithation and
important reconitteadations, to *blob I in
vite the attention df Congress.
In rly last armee) Message, i toot; tit-cation
to recommend the, construction of ten small
etearnirs, of light draught for tee purpose of
ihcresisTili the efeciency Of the navy. Con
gress responded to the recommendation, by,
authorizing the construction of eight-of them.
The progress which has been made in execut
ing this abthe'rity, is etated ib the report of
the Secretary of the AravY. i 'conctur with
him-in the - Optaioti, thi.i grate:. 'Munini'r of
this class of vessels is necessary, for the pur
pose of protecting it a more efficient inanner
the person - it and property of Atnericali
citi
leas oil. the high seas, and in forrngli coed
tries,'as _well as,in guarding rive effectually
our own coasts. I accordingly teconniaend
the passage of an Act or this ptlrposs.
The suaestlinis Goalsiiied to the report of
the Secretary of the tfiteritir, especially those
in retard to tee disjiosititin a the. vblic
A:finial% the iteasion'ilid beinety.land system,
the policy, towards the Indians, sad' the
amendment of oar patent laws, are Worthy of
the serious consideration of Congress.
The Post office lieporithent °dupla a
position very different frOiti that -a the other
departments. 'or snaky ye4n ices the
policy of the 4overninent to lender this a aelf.
sustaining departs:Lent; altd it this_ drihhot
now lie aecoriaplishedi in the prestnt 'audi
tion of the country l ere ought to tin e . as
deAr ab i atiprthieli tort si tiniy,he preZticable.
The Postmastei General Is pla'Zed in a most
embarrassing _position by the ekissing.laws.
Ile is obliged to carry tlie.4 into tired. 11e
has no other allernative. I3e finds, however,
that this cannot be done without heavy de
mands upon the treasury over and aVove
.1.•-• ;at ....am; Carr ; nave
been progressittly increasing from year lo
year until they ::mounted for the last !fiscal
year ending on the 30th June, lt1 : 8, tc:
than fourhiilliou and a half Of dollars ; whilst
it is estimited tlietior, the pie.ent - 4-ical year
they will amount to six million two hundred
thealsatei donate. These sums are. exclusive
oThe annual appropriation et seven hrindred
it:teemed &oilers for zieoroAnsiticin for the
niaii serviCcipe.iforined fin the two. houses of
Congress and the tither departtrients and
iithcerit of the govqihnient it the transporta
doll. of free shatter.
is „.
The aunt' tliMb large de fi c i ts mainly
attributalile roadie iwreased expense of trans.
potting the mails. , th,e sum Pniil for
this serbibe ti•is hut a fratition'almet Nur
millions aiid a 4uarteri that year it
has annually : increased qntil in 1,546 it reach
ed moriT jhan eight millions and aluartei,•
and for the service. of 149, it is estimated
that it will amount to more tired tedihillions
of dollars. ”
The receipts of the Post Office &penitent tau
be made to approach or equal . iteexpenditure,
otly by the meads of
. the leitslation ' of Coh
grog: In appling st y remedy, care staid
be taken that the people shall not be deprived
of the advantages, which they are fairly en
titled to enjoy from the Post Wee Depart
met. The principal remedies recommended
to thiiiKenstuerywr.,.. A b e
master General and to restcirli theform - Wilt' ri
of postage upon single letters to five cents;
to substitute for the franking
,privilege the
delitery to those now entitled to enjoy it , . of
post °Oleo-Stamps for their correspond ence,
and to direct the department, in making con
tracts for the transportation of the mail, to
confine itself to the payment_ of the sum -ne
cessary fur this perpose, without
requiring it
to be transported in pest coatshea of oitrrisges
of any particular description. Under the
prowl, t system, the gxpetise of the government
is, greatly increased, by rewiring that the
mail shall be cetried in such vehicles as will
acconimodate passengers. Tliis will be ;lode
without pay from - the departmteut, over
roads where the travel will ierieufferate--the
contractors. These recomittendations deserve
the grave consideration of Congress.
1 would agiyiit,eall,your atterititti to the
construction of* Pacific railroad. Time and
reflection have but mitred. to confirm me in'
the truth and justice of. the Observations
which I-made, on this subject, in my 'lasi an
scat• messageisto whitsli I beg leava respect
,
fully to refer.': . „
It is freely admitted? tbdt it Would be iri
etpediettt for this -goveruniont. to exercise the
pciWet of z postructing the Pacific& railroad by
its own irtidediste agents. Snob a pulley
would increase the patrotiage of the electttive
to a dangerous extent r ani introduce a eye.
tem of jobbing and corruption,whioh no vie
lanes on the part of. federal- officials, Wind
either ptevent or detect. This. can only be
done by the keen eye; and derive . and Fateful
Supervision, of individual and private treterest.
Tha construction of this road• ought, there
fore, to he committed to companies hie-carper
ated by. the &Atari., or othersgendes *hose,
pkeuniaty-intereste.would bedirectly involved.
erkgreu inight tbilingsist themln the work
by grants of or of Wicreey, or of. botb.
dersuerh conditions acrd restrictions -as Mudd
seorne.thei transponation of. Veep' and mu-,
nitions of war free of any chrbge,-atilhat of
the United Sten* *ail at a fair and towns
bby pt sae. .
The purees of events since thbootiftence
meat of .your. lait revision, ha*. iliown hew
Amon. d ifficuhies \disappear before a - ertti and
determined resolution:, At that time, autth-a
road wad deemed' by Wise and patriotic inert.
to be a visionary project; Thagreat rlisttsn
to be 100,0011114 and the interienior
tains Ind deserts in the way, woe *hied'
which, in the opinion of mart, 010 Off be
riermerenterl. 'co!, after tha !KS** Al but
single year, these obstacles, it has been dri
covered, are far - 'less formidable than they
were supposed,to be; and snail stages, with
passengers, now prim and repass-regularly, -
twice in each weeki,by a .Common wegon
road lictween Sim ;•Fr4neiseo And St. Louis
and Metipbis, in less than :twenty five days.
The service has been as regularly performed,
as . h was, in- formeryeare, betieeti New York -
end thikeity.
- Whilst disclaiming all-authority to appro.
priate money for the construction of this toad;
except that derived from the war-making
power of the constitution, there are import
ant collateral considerations urging us to un
take the work as speedily as possible,
The first and moat rnomemoutor: these is,
that such a road would be a pitwerful bind
of union between the States east aril wert
the Rocky uttkftains.- ThiatiaOsellerident
as to require no illustration, • •
But again, in va commercial point-of
I consider this the great,question of the day.
With the eastern front of our republic itretch
log along the Atlantis; and its western front -
along the Pacific, if/all the parts should. be
united by a safe, easy, and rapid corumnai
cation, we must nece.ssatily command a very
large proportion of the trade both of Europe
and Asia. Our recent treaties with China
and Japan will:err-a these rich and populous •
empires-to our commerce; and the Mom of
the world proves, that the nation .which his
gained possession of the trade with Risaters .
Asia, bas - always become wealthy and„power- -
ful. The peculiar gecigraphioal 'position Of -
California and our Pacific pottessions, invites
Am/liken capital and enterprise into Wit
fruitful field. To reach the'rich harvesti-how- .
ever, It ie an indispensable prerequisite, that
we shall first have a railroad, to convey and
circulate its product through every portion of
the Union. ,Besides such a railroad through
our.ternporate latitude, which would not be
impeded by the frosts and snows of winter, -
nor by the tropical heats of summer, ouhi
attract to itself much of the tiara, and. rade
bf all„'eaticess paasihr, between Euicipe and
:psi a.
On the 21st of August , last, Lieut. J.
Man., of tht-Uuifed - .Suva brig' Dolphin,
captured the slaver Echo," (formerly the
Putnam of New Oileang,) near' Key Verde,
on the coast dpul* with more than three
hundied nugroes on board. -.The
prize ender the.edinteand of Lieut. Bradfo •
of the United Rimes nary, arrived at Char es
ton _on the.27th August; when the Degrees, ,
three hundred and six in eumber, were de
livered into the custody Of the United States
marstell for the district of Routh Carolina.
They were first placed in Castle Pinckney,
an .t afterwards in !sort Setnpter, for safe
keeping., and were detained there until the •
19th of September, when the survivor, two
hundred and - sek-eat:y.3ine in netnber, acre
delivered On Nall the United States steihnir
Niagara, to be tittole)rted to the• con - at of
Africa, under the • charge of the agent of the
United States, put.uatt , ib the provisions of
the avA - of the 3d March, !.1319, "in addition
to the acts prohibitie4 the slave trade." Un
der the- 2d section of this act; the President
is "authmiftd to ;lake . shch regulatiodi and
arranglatnentt its-.he ,tray deem expedient, for
the safe-teetitlit, iuppeft, and removal be
yond the lifuits of the United States:of all
such neirohi; mullittees, Or persons of color"
captured by vessels of the United States, al
may be delivered to the marshal of the dis
triotihto which they are brought; " and to
appoint a proper netion or persons rßsiding
upon the coast of Afriba, as 3geiltor agents
fdr receiving that negroes, mulattoe or per-
Juti.csca3 rect.! ..nt .crorciS
seized the prosecutiod of tile shire trade
by cointnandtirs of the ttlited States armed ,
vesieb.."
ft.-dui:lA intnnediatelv arose is to the true
construction of this jtllt: !t is titiire blear front
its tertos that the President was authorised
to. proridb "for the iilfe-kliepirig, support;
and removal," of lb - 03e nences ep till the *hurl
of their delivery to the agent on the coast Of,
Kfrimi; Bet no et rein provision was Mach \
fur their protectio -and inpixort after they
bad reached the . lace of their destination: .
Still, ati agent was to Ile appordted to rerreivti
theth on the coast of Africa; and it could
not have teen seVposed i that Corigress In
tended be should desert' them at the momerft
they were received and turn then, loose cull
that inhotspitable coast - to perish for- watit of
food, or to become again the victims cf the(
tave trade. 'Bari this been the intention elf
Congress, tire employment of sit agent to rei
tjeive there; teho - is terlaired to' reside on- thS
edam; *all tibnicessary i and they intiglre have
hese herded by our vessels anywhere in Af
riCrt. alit! left exposed to the Sufferings and
the fate ,which would certainly await them.
Mrr Monroe, in his special me-sage of 17 11
December, 1818, at the ftrst.sessiun after the
act. wilt passed, ennouncing to Congress whit,
in his opinion; win its true construction. lie
believed it to b hid duty und t erit,sto Calor"
thane -ettforttinath,i into AGica,:and make pro
vision for t - twet--fhat&untlh - they should be
able to provide. RA . tbernselves. In coni
rnunicating this iqtkrpretation of the l ia, of
Congrese,hh listed tliiit ittifie doubt bad been
ettertained is to Its true intent and meaning,
and he submittell th . a bluesticnt to them, so
that they knight, "ri?Strid it be deemed ad
visabls, amend tlre Nettie-Wore further ,pro
ceedings are had under it." Nothing was
done by Congress to explain the act, att&Mr.
Monroe ptuceeded to Catty li. into executiolt
according to its own interpretation, This,
then, became the practical coustrbotion.
When the Africans from on board the Ectii
were delivered to-the marshal cf CherlestoL),
it'becarkie trig duty , to, Consider what dispest,
tion ought to be dada of. then under tbli
law. ForCidily reetscits i ,it was expedient tti
reritove them from that locality as speedily
as possible: Although the conduct of
authoOtics and citizens of.Charloston, its:git
ing countenance to the exeCution-of thet law,
was jest *lot might have been expected front
their high character , vet a: prolonged coti. :
tinuencetof - threelh ' indred.• itfriniuilit. die
ittonexliete iiiinity of 'that), city, -cbuld .nrit
hate failed, to be&yine a eonyce of intelOeni
oboe and sniiety to its-inlishiterits. Where
to;scind them. Was the question. There' was
no portion of the, coast of Africa, 'to ' , veldt&
they cottld be.- removed with any tegard to
humanity, .except to Liberia. Under these
•ctretemstances, au egrenmitit was entered into
'with the Colooizationlocieiy. oh the 7th.
of
September lasi, a. copy of, which is herewith'
transmitted, tinder which therSodietresitig
txl.for the cbnsideratioir of forty-five thiamine
dollars; to-receive these Africans it( Liberia
-from tbeLagent of : the United Stet* end
furnish; thein Miring the period of caleilierii
tbersafte, with Comfortible shriltir;:edittliing,
provisioni, iatid• teed hal, attendance, . cawing
the_children to receive - :isclioolicg l c . and all, '
whether children.or adults; to be .bietypetec
in the • rts of civilised- Bs, - suitable to their
c ondi t a in ,„ .!This eggrepteyoVfortrtive -
thousand'dollars. wits' blare" ifpite iti allow
anise bf sae kindred and Mr &D i& for-each -
indllidualnuid as there bac tier considerable
mortalityationg thent;SfruUntey be more be•
fore they rtutolt :Afritiitoliestreiety hie agreed,
in an equitatOespiti4 Ao unite snub a deduct- 1
tion.from therunount, is tinder the eirenm- '
stances they appear just and reasonable. This
range l be fixed until we shalt ascertain the
Iktutil nuffarer which teay becorde in charge
of the Mai y. • ' . . .
li *0 AvyAistifirtti oirw. tbit- muieJ.