• • • . - • IC 11.11e 0 "" • 41P . . . . - • ..,,,,,........_ „..... . . , ~.. _ _ ..,,„,„,,,,,,,,,_,,,_ ~ ..yel. t . , . ..,. . tvzpr ...,,,,..„.,, r „ t , , . ~,,A 4, 4 1, ,,,,,,, . _.„ • . 4 , •,..„*.A...... ,•-• ..• . „•••,•,' -, , -or. * ...:•• , ,•-i-v-.. . --.. :- 7-7, -: :: . , : - 7!- .. -11 ..., •- •'' , :: ,.;.;, ' ; - ,.., ''.:. .1 1' :f: ': ;:1 ) ; : ,,....4 . ..:„... .„.‘„,,,..„,,,,,,,„,„„„.,..- - fl . ""r - - - - - -- t. ... ~.., ... _ ~.. ,-.- .:2-",i , -,.;..,? , -`,. ,,,, A.*-.'1‘:::::-:1":7 1 '.*, , •..•1 _ . • . 1 - 'l.• . ...''' • ; , !,!..- , •` , 14 , -- --L . i-:• -. ..7 , - -- „,-, •: ' _ ••• • , . • . ...e"- -- ... . - - .. „ . . , ._ •-• viAt-..t..,--,'-1:;:.•f . " 1, ::1-•:•• ;•,..• . ~.. - - . L . .....-, ~ .. ,5,',. , • - • :.-1 " -., , 7•' '''' : ;' . n.ti..g.':-.% '•-'s 72 T4..A''' • , ;.I ' ki . . . • • . ,_ ;:.t- - • ,- v , , - z ,„--. • - ---- 43'itg*i, - •: 1 . - ,, , • . . ... • Si. ~ " i •• ,'.. ... . .Tho '' : " l iS, - 'C''',f;•: , .. ~. 14 107 - al II 111 1 1 • ._ .g. •,.,_ _ ~...... ~.,.. ~_., ... ~_. . 11J-- .41 1 . - . , . • AR .' •,-, • it. , .. k... Da 4 • 11 4, 11 - T- - ... Li ~. ~,. • ••,.., .....„.„......._, . , . • 4 • • . " *SAKE ALL EQUAL BEF O R E SOD AND TIM, CONWICITILITIO 11104.4aimes Wiebassaa. . • . . • • • . . . . ti . . • 9 i._.,... ~,, ': , 1 : : . :" • 4 ,1 .i . ;; :: :' :-.. ; : s: 1''.,1 ';L . ~ ;:iri gaellum 6ttritson, Vrovritters. • .ADDRESS ;Delivered before the Susquehanna County Agricultural Society, Sept.!23d,'lBsl. nr Y. OLIVER, ESQ. - BROTHER FARMERS: —ll, is obviously need 'leas to dilate On the import:wee of agricul ture, as a branch of human industry, before en American audience; yet, have always thought that, even here, the subject is not sutficiet.tly regarded; altd,, that those engag ed in it had not time titil advantages and social distinttions they so eminently merit. When we remember that agriculture - at. fords employment to most of the laborers of the Is-odd; that. by it comes nearly all the wealth whic,h sustains modern. communities, and a great proportion of the comforts and luxuries of life, we have an inkling of its magnitude. Should all the world's fanners cease to SOW, to plant, to rear, and - to gather in, an anarchy **l'M sprieg out of this horde of idlers,' which no human power could con trol; and starvation Would make a burial more terrific than the delege. Reflections like then) bring to mind the stupendous interests involved in this voca tion, and point clearly to the duty which all owe it. But beside a feT . vigue and general compliments, which' politrelitts oceasionally bestow on' agriculture, what have govern metals done to advance it t Comparatively nothing; and unaided poor men have car tied it forward to its present position, while the superabundant wealth and extraordinary exertions of natious bate been lavished upon commerce and manufatures. This is both shert-sighted and unjust. The first, because rt nation can have no material wealth with. • out agriculture, and to build it up is,thereforo, a first and last duty; and the second be cause it is not only a hindrance "to -general prosperity, but absolutely unfair trivalse up one set of laborers at the expense of another. It is true 'that, of late years, wise men are indicating to States the correct policy; yet, excepting trifling donations,nothlng has been done for the u - tuitions", who work out nations' blessings through agriculture.— Nor is it denied that the light - of science is shooting its rays across the fanuer's path.— Itandy implernmits,licep plowing, drainage, concentrated fertiliiers, 'due., are all helping; but these aid chiefly the fancy farmer. When the practical farmer would use them, gener ally he is not able to purchase; and when the ability to buy has been brought about by hard work, be is unable to use, and low, interest in them. Besides, be is so often de ceived by imperfectly made articles, and highly lauded cheats, he fears to trust the lights in the distance. They frequently pyre a loss, and ate distrust. Hence, tee, we have this sneering at Book-farming among tillers of the soil, believing as they do, these appliances to be only other contrivances of labor-bating wits, to defraud them. In order to illustrate more forcibly the po sition I assume, namely, that the agricultur alist is not properly appreciated, or suitably rewarded, for the benefits be confers on community, I will gite a- brief biography o one of the early settlers of Bradford county, personifying thereby the life of toil and bud ships„. which thousands of her farmers, and those of her sister Susquehanna, lave had to endure. At the age of one-and-twenty, John tins coin left his parental fireside, to Commence the warfare of-life, his principal capital con sisting in his ability to work. To this be was wed from childhood. Of book learning he had but'irtile. 4 lie could read, arito, and fig ure In the fundamental rules of Arithmetic His father owned a small faint, north of New London, Connecticut, and on it raised &large family.. He could give .his children little save good advice. To John he rave du ty dollars on leaving home. With this the young man started to the Conneeticut river, where he found employment fat a year ‘, but bearing of cheap lands in Pennsylvania, he could hardly wait till this year was_ up, so ea ger was he to get a piece for himself stud, with one hundred dollars in his pocket, we soon find him on his way hither. lie stopped on the Chemung rives, not far from the pres ent site of Elmira, where he engaged, for short term, with different farmers, meantime, inquiring-digently for land. This was soon found, in wha: is at present Wells townsblp i Bradford County, Penn. The lot be pur chased was fifteen miles froiri the river, and covered with.a dense forest. After taking every precaution : Abet suggested itself to his mind, to be inure': that he was on his Own land, he commenced chopping a clearing.— When he hill gone Over five acres, be worked a, month for the use of a pair of cattle and a chain the same length of time. Then procur ing the services of another young emigrant from New England, he cut a road nine miles in length, through the woods, totals clearing. His _rough sled was then loaded with a sack of corn meal, a small iron pan, some newly made bay, and drawing them to his fallow, the work of clearing was commenced in good earnest, It would take too long to detail minutely the trials on the first clearing. The timber was heavy, aril the lifting, of come, severe. Sometimes be and his companion were al most discouraged. They were several timer dienched with rain, in their bekandshelter of hemlock boughs, and ilseir meal soured from exposure ; lAzt they struggled through, and procuring with great difficulty, three bushels of wheat, it was harrowed in with a wooden drag. Our hero was now some in debt. Retelied" however, on getting work to help him out. This he sought atta found with Lemuel triswold, who lived on a farm, on the flats below Nett4own.. Now, this 'Squire Griswold, as he was called, bad also removed from the. mit, but with a family of three daughters and two sot% stitrd Wrens years previous to john Lincoln's departure from the place of his nativity. The 'Squint's two oldest daughters ware married. Jane was nineteen years old., and still at home and a wiolting yon woman she was. Care lessly reared amidst wort, and on simple food, she grew up stroag and fail of animal, life. Morning, noon and night., the surround ing hills echoed back the shrill tones of her song, as stye Vied her buy hands; and at the gatherings of the young folks, in the neigh borhood, she laughed the loudest, danced the longest, and frolicked the most excessivaky, This living, working woman, in less than a year, became the wife of Jobe Lincoln.. She helped him to gather the wheat on his fat: low, the deer , and other wild animals had not destroyed, Wad she daubed the mud on their lonely In cabin, while he chinked it,. She brought him too, along with her iedno• trioes hand r, her eariteet eatute and Poring heart, a cow, a:present from her parents ; and two months after the removal of the pair to their rude, wild home, this co* was killed by the felling of a tree. I ratted tell yeu how sorrowful Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln were at this mishap. Time and hope, however, those eurables for human maladies, assuaged their grief; and that too, occasioned by the selling of theif next year's crop iu the ground, on the note given for a cow to replace the one killed. But a deeper trouble soon came on 'this bumble, yet noble and courageous pair. In logging - their fallow ,chopped at his new home, John Lincoln bad his leg broken; two days before his second child was born ; yet his wife walked to Newtown, for a physician s crying all the way. This new disaster, turned out a sore alf fiction. That season no • crop was put in, and the store of provisions on hand was small. Cold weather, too, was on t u tod, and for four months, that heroic woman car ried through a forest, and by sti path s from a mill, eight miles distant, all the corn meal, the only food that was consumed in' their lonely dwelling, during that winter of adver sity. It was a dismal period. At night the wolves hosrletrpiteously, and threatened her sheep. Sometimes she bad to take these in to the house to save them. So with her 'chick ens. Then she had the little stock to feed, and the wood to cut; but she worked .brave ly on. And when John Lincoln was again able to`go out, his only pair of three years old steericand seven ebeep,the ,only stock he had, save a cow, were driven oft to pay the miller; leaving the Doctor's bill, and sundry other bills Unsatisfied. It was a gloomy out going to him, and his heart almost sank in despair, when the prospect before him looked him, full in the face, But hope again came to his relief, lad time mellowed his sorrows.' His wife, too, who had l wept more in the last five months than she bad ever sang before, in the same length of time, began to be hope ful, when she saw lobo was able to go to work. True, through bungling setting of the limb, be was lame, and would be so for life; but he was still with her, and that comforted her. • In good earnest they again commenced the struggle; and in two years the evils of . this disaster were nearly repaired. Clearing was added to clearing, year by year, by that resolute man and woman. He chopping all day, and spending borne bights its going to mill, and others in picking up and burning on the fallow. By means such as these, in a few years, they had corn and oxen / but hot without severe losses. 'Ur. Lincoln had bo't his land under a Canuenticut tide: This turned out to be worthless,and be was otlig ed to pay for it a second times Then be lost a fourth of his cleared land, through mistake in the bounding lines. Still John Lincoln and his wife Oiled on. Sickness now pros trated ber. From this she recovered, but was blind for a year afterwards from Its effects. Not yielding yet, nor yet despairing of final succor, the battle with adversity was contin ued until twenty-five years had elapsed.— During this penod, many others bad made beginnings in the woads around them, and with various results. Some remained only a year, not being able to stand it longer. nth- ers remained tea, some three years, and then gave Fp hope and their improvements to gether ;, whilst a few like the Lincolns,would not yield. On the farm of the latter, there was seventy acres, under fence, some of it of stone. A frame barn . and stsbstautlal frame house occupied the place of those logs, of other days. Within a few years Mr. Lincoln had received from his father's estate, three hundred dollars, and his wife had obtained, in the same way, two hundred dollars.. With this money they had built, involving them selves, in the enterprise, in a debt of five bun died dollars; but they bad a farm worth three thousand. Yes, that drear wilderness, which was valued at one dollar per acre, twenty-five years before. was converted into a farm. And howl 'Through sweat, that vies little less than blood ; through tears that tare furrowed into the cheek of,youth and .heanty .; and anguish of heart that.drove two mortals to an early grave. Yes, that faith ful, glorious pair were not destined long to enjoy their iniprovei,lornis. Espoeure,hard work and scanty fare, . broke down early an tvtberwise good physical frame, and lobo Limon worked no more after his house was /Wished. Dating five years be lingersd, and Stitt Iron, Mrigititiaiiiiit tountg, tkursital Ctl'itr 24, 18:57. then died; and his trustful, loving_ wife to the last, irtee.bitdened with • care, and her spirit tottered beyond eftdemince, ity the darkness of . the road she had traveled through life, became eielanctroiy. Yes, that wildly joyous giil, whose youthful song end merry laugh made glad the rude habitations around her early home, saddened to despondency with life's conflictc and, as if Tearful that her John woe%d . go Weise before her, her sorroir pressed ittt6 the grave, three months before hater:lnd life, end trothte together. At tire time of her demise, ?Ir. Lincoln was too weak to attend the funeral ; but gathering strength in a few days, be, required his children to make him a bed on a sleigh, and take him to the grave. There, alone, and in feeble strains be sang to the spirit of hisiiithful companion Ye living men, come view the ground, Where jou must shortly lin." And a requium it was, worthy the living atol the dead, and more sublime dish the grand est composition ever tend into harmony, in honor of great ones of tatth% Thus lived end thus died. oho palr of the pioneers of the now nourishing coUuty of Bradford. Often has - my heart siddened when itteetioty called up the scenes thsrough which ;bey passed, tlfeit lovA;t ) each ettosr, and their fidelity to life.` Ob, they deserved butter than they had 1 and who has heard of their hardshipN or cares - for their.sufferings Ah, teho conies back ernpty, , like tier first 'ova sent from the ark. li - or Is the story of their sufferings" ended. John Lincoln's long sickness and additional reverses, increased his indebtedness to seventeen hundred dollars, at the time of his death. This finally took his hard.eamed property from, his chiidrien. So they had nothing left but the example of their parents' live% and, for its results,was it worth following I iEach child of the seven, of those worthy but unfortunate workers, bad to com mence in the woods, and rehearse the , drama of life, I have only faintly sketched. That of Jesse, the oldest, appears yet more terrible in the beginning. For three times his log eabin and itsilittle improved surroundings were swept *way% Yet be faltered not,' nor yet ceasing to battle, he triumphed at last, te claiming the burial place of his unfortunate father and broken hearted mother, and -is now quietly l and as happily as mortal well can, passing away in vigorous old age, the even ing of that life which had such a dark morn ing. Now brother farmers, you ask, why this episode I This, 1 trust, will become manifest as I proeeed. And first, I claim . that the narrative I have given, is not an isolated oc currence t for everrfe'rtile bill mid bloating tale in tradford, Ciakcobtected with its early history, a tale of woe equal to the one just e'en I and the broad, beauteous fields of Susquehanna could, if able tti speak, tell of hardships Clamed, ptirations suffered, con tumely and poverty patiently Zorn with, and by hearts as hopeful of better things, as lov ing, as faithful, and minds as sensitive as those who surround me in.this assembly, the -recital of which would make you weep i as hope none of yen bare wept ' for a long time. Yes, fellow citizens, it is the common ness of these untold and indescribable lives of grief, whiel► .so immensely aggratrites the evil. Terrible* misfortunes overtake men and women in all pursuits and stations in life.— these are lonked fur l and because of rare oc urrencefas well as because they At Certain to come, we pity the sufferers and pals them. But when a whole class of men and women be: come a sacrifice to the public weal, it-be comes a *national calamity ; and deserver not only our sympathy, but our earnest efforts to alleviate. It is to this end, I labor to-day. Who enjoys the fruit of the patient.toil of John Lincoln and his %lett:lEBd *Hie d and their hardy co-patriots l The fields they cleared brought no balm to their braised bodies; no cordial to their embittered minds, in declin ing years,' yet they produced abundantly.— Hundreds and thousands live eff the pro dncts of the farms which these heroic work ers prepared, slid / *ill continue to " - supply food for ages to come. In addition, govern ment derives a heavy revenue from them.,— Why s it is said, "be is a benefactor, who makes two blades of grass grow where 'hut one grew before ;" and what shall be said of those who tore from these maiming hind valleys their primeval forest.% and nature's ruggedness, and made them " run with fat: nessr doing this, tau, in winter's bitter blast with little clothing, and still less food ; and in summer's sun no comforts, no relaxation from necessitous pressure d bearing the galling yoke until the coffin bid it, (rota view. Are such as these not benefactors ! Aye, a thou sand times more so than many who have fame. We refer with just pride to the won derful fortitude which carried the soldiers of our flevoludonaty war, through the horrid winter at Valley-Forge, •and other trying scenes, but they were of short duration. Nor were they any more severe than those whiCh the pioneer had to contend with du ring a life time, Panegyric has been ex hausted on the noble persoerance of the one, while the other has no honor Ift''the land; yet deserves it no leas. And compare the lives of most a oar pol iticians with that of John Lincoln, and how tbey- sink into insignificance! In youth, go fog to school,thenCe to coflege,tbe law-odloe, Congress. and urea the Presidency of the Republic. As lawyers, getting rich . ms the hard earnings at the poor ; and as politicians Sling thew Coffers to overflowing out of the taxes collected from the tillent of the soil.-- Yet; lurch wen partisan editors frequently call 00-at, and What a misnomer it is I But few of have 'created any. benefactions for their species, or accomplished any good for their country. Their firm are the livecof politicians, and aro niostly faith pof vet tahness and arrogance. Tell bike not that thoy tzars seperior intellect, for it is not trim. I know a dozen ilea working nninowit firth= ems, istio, it they had the - eat% opportunities; could display as much of all that is itibbh, ih the bead and heart, as charatterite) %Mt et the parties referred to. 11 ut 'a& why is this not known? for in out day, teretit genertd ly foiled vet, in the tit islatts-the interrog atory maLbeiattl tteet by tskibg *lty tbie ep pressed settler stoceired, no benefit 'of all the good he iriOtight. tlatty of these had merits as mai, abtt their work deaerved ' great in ward; yet the one is unnoticed, and the oth er denied. One Is, that the farmer tloivi hot use the press, to publish to the *orld colutec after column of fulsome laudations of his personal acts ; and a good deal of the nolo tiety statesmen beve l comes 'in this way.-- they Vety frectuehtly writing it themselves.— So while the farmer silently cleats, plows, sows; plan"ts, and gathers-i 4 that men may lire, the wily politician _writes, in blaiing letters in tLesky,that he made a famous speech for bunkum, or played Machairal in some other way, to cheat ae people iiith the be lief that he only is great. Hence 'it comes that the meritorious tiller of the soil, and his petiected Manhooci, reniaio unkny*n i 'mid go unrewarded, and the drafty . arts of the un prlhelpled acbemer , stem him riches and honor. There is, howetti, still aisisther solution, more commanding in its application, and more general in its influenoo, than any yet named and which, More than - All 'lsthens, I desire to pr es ent to, and impress upon, the at tention of this intelligent assembly. The one is educated--the other is notA and hence lies the wonderful disparity , that pre vails in social life, between men of equal parts; and which, above all, and beyond - all, is the most potent in hindering the farmer from enjoying all.the benefits - ( f civilized life. Yes, it is education the farmer needs, and has needed ever since organized communities existed. It Is estimated that nearly seven eighths of the enlightened portion of mankind, are engaged in tilling the earth; and that the remaining eighth does all the goveving,inakes most of the public sentiment, and enjoys most of the luxuries, mental and physical ; and this; only because, it has the greater share of education. There is proportionally as much bright brains, in its inherent form, in the seven-eighths, as in the one-eighth ; but It is hot cultivated. Science Is power, be cause it is certain' and tt tnaiesia is posses sor st!periOr and confidettt. It is for this rea son that the professional Man 'is as pisotei hially presumptuous, as the yeoman Is mod est: The former has assumed the cohtSol naturally I and the latter has ; AS spotitatteons ty, submitted. As a matter of coUtse; as well as of necessity, the one provides for himself, at the expense of the other. If the farmer sotild crly read, as he works; this would not be r. His delving is ifite the should peer into books ; and just in the ratio, that he does bet, is' he short-sighted. Work he does—work glcnioUsly,f;fikithout which the said edifice mast crumble; but he keeps too remote the mental and physical it:lentos., for his personal, and the world's interest. Let us look, only fat a Moment, at what he has lost: Through medicine and law, the one mysti fied by . empireeism, -and the other befogged by petifogging chicanery, the laboring dish has lost, and is losing annually, millions up on millions of money, besides 'destroying health and life, ihd fomenting strife, hurtful to individuals, and vowing the seeds of an antagonism, which threatens ruin. These things need not be, atld etist only because We do , not read enough. For the laws of health, are few and simple, and easily com= prehended; and jurisprudence means nothing More than reciprocal rights and duties. Evo ry min should know these, and to ittio* them, is money and power. But, in consequence of the absence of education, as an associate, farttt labOr has been disgnided.. This, too, is wrong, and does great injury, coming, as it does; from perverted taste and gross igno rance. For how much mote healthful, dig nified and conscience-approving is it, to in hale the ethalatious of the new-mown hay, gathering the precious laden sheaves of grain, and the golden fruit, than dressing the foul ulcers of the debanchce i or defending the villanous desperado; from the just vengeance of the law. NoW, look in another direction: The man , uf*ctdring and commercial interests of our country, early invoked aid and protection against disasters at sea, and competition from' abroad. 'And millions of the dearly earned many of the farmer, collected throug h im: posts, h , been expended in building up these classes, until merchants have become princes in wealth, and the wholsale worker in the raw material ; revels Itt riChes, This *as well enough. I object not to it; Ircrt to the neg lect extended to the tiller of the wit: Now the piotieet i the John and Jesse Lin coins, who prepared the surrounding glossy meadows for our enjoyment, did more, ten thousaud times more, for the prosperity of our almost illimitable, and inimitable cottn try, than all the iran furnaces sad spinning jennies ever created. Yet who has thought °ladling on the goyerausent to help the set tler, by giving him a bounty on his work.? No one; nor WSW this aid withheld, because it was not sorely needed. Int any Ans ilre tabd that the merchant . OA thaitinricterer, ptruggled through as Minypervelie cies as dn . : the pioneer, No otee of ratio mind win. *by, &Vitt fetid light-houses, were created to proteCt Ate ropurty of those alma, rich; h was ttpittit the government lAA: cm to hAis the Rai kicheh the Attlee ifits to means, except in his strong will tad MOW/kr power; and by these, neren tenet labors have been performed, trot foi him-. !elf, but for us for the government; asad cot int irtitticons. fie brought light and civ- iliiation into the dark•forests of lantriew, at eidst reriis and thorium posertienough to daunt, the stoutest heart, but he tobld hare no bounty for hireisterpriete, Rio one to plead - fora Mitigation of his, Wet to say hardships only, bur. positive suffering. Was this politic., so far as the general prosplhrity of the toittitry ViatcobEeriled I Surely not.=- Then, is it right, in a governarent predPotted on the doctrine that all are equal, to lay bur dens ott the many, for the benefit of a few 1— No one will have , the hardihood / . to Claim this. Only a few years 110, the whole ebuiltry was disturbed by the clamor raised for a Pro tective among the manufacturing and • commercial ranks, when thousands of poor farmers, who were making beginnings on the unbroken praiiies of the west, had to haul their wheat sixty and seventy Hiles; and then sell it at forty cents per bushel, and tape fa ding calicoes at twenty-five bents per yard,- in pa) ! And to help it along, government sold away the farms of these settlers, improve ments aid all, fiee.atisiti thtiy could not, at this rate, pay the dollar and twenty-five cents per acre, which it unjustly exacted, for the land he lad taken Up l TIIt whole being still further aggravated by taking the money titbit% this land brought; to it!d in the ship ment of wheat from abroad, for bread and starch for the New England ittanutddttlrer I become excited, and my blood starts with quivering veloti ty,whineter I thlnkof this enor mouA outrage, perpetrated yearly, as it is, by the settled policy of the country. Farmers and laborers, these wrongs are im posed upon you, chiefly because you have not read and learned ; And capital will con tinue to swindle you, so long as you discard books. If the John and Jesse Lincoln; of wood chooping, and fallow-burning memo ries bad been our rulers and lawmakers, as they should have been, would these robberies of then, and their succ es sor_, haprod, as they have happened, and are happening! Never. And why were they not, our rulers and law-makers! Solely because they did not, and will not edudate as they ;hould. Pahiatrs; I hate not time to paint oat a tithe of. thd ldsse:s pod sustain by yout ie diference to truthful education. Would that daft! arouse you to your true interests tI . this matter! You u*e It tto yoursolres, to coat thikireti; Mitt tti !fttilt foetal . ; to ed ucate more thoroughly. Heed thy toffee, for I sin one of your number: I too have chop. ped, and burred (allows, and logged for days and weeks abd it does my very soul good, to, shake the brainy liand of the stioty-faced man who piles up the blackened timber. I khow his toils, and sympathise most deeply with him. Then heed my 'era; farmers: Take counsel .together over them. when I repeat, educate, educate, educate. I'' And by education ! I do not mean the , bung: ling readifig and cyphering 'Muds 'your Children get in the dingy hovels hung by the road's side. They afford no' ' more light to ,the mind, than to the high-*ay, in which they stand, in mid-night darkness. They are wily distorted speetrift, forbidding approach. Nor doll mean the tinselled flummery of board: kLig schools ! or galvanized Latin lessons of the three months rural academies. These do not educate. Education is experience, slid the properly educated young man of twenty-one, has the practical knowledge of the Mae of sixty and can your young Unlettered boys of seventeen ; and listless girls of fifteen years, impart this! About as much as they can teach strines to talk. Pio, farmers. Discard all these. Build school houses equal to your meeting housesoted employ better men, if they can be found, to fill them, trot ectaslonally either, but constantly, to instruct your chil dren in book-learning, and the yr:iv:tidal cin ties and courtesies of wets! life._ tfo this; if it takes half of your farms. Do this, and joy will come to your hearts, and our nation will be covered with glory: ' . Cieternttletit should establish an agricul tural school and experimental farm in every county of the Union, where the farMet l s sons could be made familial *Nth the, chemist's laboratory, the botanist's class-books, and the laws of mechanism. This is the farmer's right ! and the well being of the tuition demands it. If this were done, a tide of prosperity, wealth, and national _glory would come, that would cast into the shade all experience. And when will this I When the farmer edutates, and Wills the rule into his own handt, 4 •Not before. Grasping capital slid selfish politi: clam hate so much to look after, occupy and divert so much of the time of our legislation in their schemes of persorial aggrandisement, that the opepiallitry 'fbc.ski stproptilltions, tin hardly be carried through that immense bloOghi the Congress of the United Bates. Little, therefore, can he ,eipected until the Winer, the worker, the, hewer of wood and drawer of water," rises from his lie* of ages, reigns oier the land, that peace, plenty, and h*lcyon summer may come to the.nations of the earth.. Aid that he will is just as certain that to-in'orrow% 'din will rim, Alresidy light is radiatrni , „oli, horikon .Of hit heretofore darkened sty. Partners an d workers, have, and .4ye; to iome etteq,"edric.atipg; and iii tellige'rg, liberal-rninded rabn, i? other 'Call ings, arc striving with iliese, to avratei pdb- lie attetitidii Vo the yenta d this long. neglrted Interest. through_ ,peir Ants, Ale gii!dertltient is distributing, among ferm i Wm. s "gnat:instal:v.' • bespise riot little 'Alois. _ is it ellegibliint it die right i:li- Yeetion, , ;its, lota. appiokimatidt noon-aay , • itoty. 'thew Intl haVe agricilitaitljoullutls, lila Voiteire..., alici itiov'e iili, it faithers" high ich 00l throwing light kipoli oUr path., and tending tb lighten Or task and lhatitity our trde, the haty ilickerings a these distant lights; ,disturb, the objects before us, and cease ds fails bnlisesl but the icy ineinstatich tb long manacled our minds down to the eaith we worted, is giving way befdiellie 4 -coming 'sdn, and the early shoots of a. beauteous green, eVe al *lily Manifesting themselves. • in order still flirtlier to iiiipres'h . uirtin my tiudience the disadvantagiii to the ahtl.the dillicultiel which staild in the WAylof the progress or the farlifir, allow me to trate by giving the etrerielice of another ac tual beginner, in farming, in our country, but or Very diikm nt Ehartltter fratn that of John tificoin. • tiftetii ytail hp, a yang, couple, whom I shall call William and Mary tietcher, left e Of our eastern cities, and removed to Bradftrd county; with the view of farming.--:. Thi.lady and gentleiniin bad been reared and autatedin the city, and, bad imbibc., all the peEtiliar fa.stidiousness about dress, a the foible bfetititiette cofiiiiion to late towns., They were tharried yang, and Mr. kletithei started ib blisStre4s its a meithiint. in fiye years he failed, but Managed to save a few tboUsand dollars out of the wreck. Being now out of ernploytheitt, and Baying n poetic idea bt agrialture, LE bought a. farm in the wildest and poorest locality of our county.—, This property bad beet under ciativation guild it huititier of Years, and the buildings were respectable. On ail, tides; lithielier;lt was surroundel with dense hemlock forests, which new' settlers were just beginning to break into; at . the dme of the purchase allud ed tb.- Mr...V. had read accounts of extraor dinary crops, and the intprovtit iheibtods of raising them, whieb occasionally appeared in newspapers at that tithe ; 'but beyond this, very little ; and, as to pi-art/tat failuing; he had not the. rernotest conception. Ile had not planted a seed of any kind ; and, all, was about as green, a subject, fur a 4r tiier, as can Well be iiiiagintd: Both he and his lady h . ad exalted ideas Of the base, great profits; and beiuty of this balling ; and, of course, teeth lutist sanguine of success and. happiness in iti the road td theil new hotee wis rough, eitpecially : the last three fillies, which stirpassed• anything they ,Itad ever dreamed of before. At first, the ever Chang ing landstape . Clith Mountain and valley, hill and dale,conling afid reEeditt nnw-pass ing along the water's edge, hofdaed with craggy rocks; and wild, gnarled trees and then oft high liertka ri *heft distitnpt fends en chantment to the view and, more than all, the male . stic . grandeur and velvety green of the hemlock and tab, as they approached the, north, brought freqUent exclamations of admi, ration from the travelers but towards the last, the roots of the lattelarrully plEnty and unyielding—otewhich they bad to pass, brought grOnns of othlntius Ithport ; and the !hie city vehicle, with spokes no bigget than your finger, talked of -disastet. 'this came but too soon, and the journey was finished in a rude cart, drawn ET a pair of half starved steers. ",e romance with which they start td; in. 'lob hid Vegniled thettl dil the way 'etas by this time nearly crushed. , Mr. and Mins. tiletcher's bruises soot of well. and as they healed, theft spititts tilvivel. ' They brought with thetii a goodly supply of broil:Mott*, silts, cambrick, handkerchiet's, Rsitered-boots, kid-gloves, silk ho!se ‘ frilled garments; cologne, musk ; and household fur nittire to Coft&pond. Light plows, harrows, and harness; *ere also brought in. The dwel ling house was also remodeled, and well filled *lilt Closets; all of which had eiceitent locys placed on that - 3 The new comers, with their finety; Created. a stir among the settlers ; and their singular' 1 manners were the general theme of conversa .iion. Curiosity prompted a felyVlitit inhab• heats to make excuses to come and'-.see for themselves. At)itst Mts. fletcher was fiighti• coed at the plainness of these pelople, but when Abe found they were harml&, ate *o'd allow thud to come on the veranda; and af ter a while, she would eten play on thipiano for them. then help must be had, and these , neighbors being willing to work, the likeliest looking among them were selected to Assist; or rather, to do the work i a the house, and and on the farm, for neither Mr. or Mrs. F had Cant dune any heavy work, nor was it their intention to do se ticiw. gorses, oxen, cows;sheep,hogs and poultry, were procured, and provender tot all, and it i was no small trouble an expense to- get. all diesel things together. The people thought lit 4. Fletcher very rich; and money was extremely*m l, ts among tb • s. .. and though wanting to sell, WI! asked euot- Moils prices for every article. *hen thew matters were attended to the garden was assailed with fresh hands, and _•.,- " oe:r iy i ..c. m t p t ie tte in c it t i g ta. th ' es. - Tir tnt,of.,4l. — ..p .. r i l oo:g iii t , 04) 11 -3- 34401:;: hinted as much. Mr. Fletiter'ileeived'aus: . admonitions kindly, and belietring he .could ~., , , i : ;.- , world contrite softie way to obigratif 'the nolC atut . , * ft* oh `e , itilY 'plains, the tvor tin continued; '.,,: his mind tintnd deeply slit on Ofinaiii t „ When the :,. 1 ,- . 15 4 6fitois Were ready, tkir k nbiideived be. bad discovered, in in the few hours it took t0..,-pre= pare them, yi sluefernedy agaitiet r frest. . 7- Puli ~.„ of this idea, and ra t inio, what A wonOei ~;: he woutiatart among his men, - if : nut brer,;, , thecountry—for he intended to publish Mr :''-..'.* discovery—he had k dee Made, one nicit id;. 4 - ! ,- liameter,ltha eigh t eigh t facies deepOber iiie,gar---;- den beds. if Is cucnniber,.redistii bestri; - : )pe.4 4 „..: lettuce and - cabbage aeeds, were - then . c.iirefillit ' 2 ,,,, - , - --, tilaied it tile kottoin of \ these l!ioelf - i iiii2oly-: ; ?' 4 holes,. and the whole as carefUlit enveiai = "4 -, :ii' assure you, the frost did7riat kiirt , any of tbi_ plants that opting from that Bengt 444-1004 - !.. , needless to say that none otit came uft:::. ," 'f'.7, His garden finished, Mr. Fletcher preplied -,-.),-, for planting. 'For the reason that the soil , ::it'' was. black, he selected a - low,t wet -- piece of :--'''?- ground for his, corn. This he bad ,plderlid - and prepared with great eia'atnills. Having ---,: heard that-rmwe and groimd-squirrels taii-- - Up yiiiing C:orii,'and having read - that- if thlirc: seed was tarred, they would not, he had bt well coated with this resinous taateriall But he had to'replant, for not I silear tante . He then trent to the city for glaii6. Of tbit as a fertilizer, he Bad heard rodtb, but hal no idea.of its appearance. , When it catigiri''',i2 its strong quiet l ind died Mr. Fletcher td' think it was s, fled ; and he. war very itngq!" - foi: time at t.e supposed "cheat. A. gentlernim • from a !stance, hOwevor suggested as _it.Wiit it etiuhr not hive ari aim:natio .1 or; and that ithad not, was against' tbe quality of thiartiele, so it *as concluded to use it; 'Withal, Mr. F. wit i humane, rtnd an ingenious man, aid fearing : , that the smell of the grains would sicken "his ruen, be cut pieces of gixmge 13'eculiat ghape,lllled them ItAlfitologne, and had them fattened over the mouth and nose of James- and Philip. Thni fort fled. theFe men went to work thwgußb..,, piaci* it °it the tender corn but it di iii3t make. It ertriki and Mr. F bad tti bdy lilt the'nora he Conan cued that cese, boiWitbstkiiding his care and expeThist. Besidot, James and' Philips' &eel; were worse for the cologne. . butiled and produced a_ tickling f ens'ation; which caused then to rub with their Unwashed band&— which poisdneci; and nearly proved .the end of ttlei tmrci; Mr. F.'s kindness to his men, in striving to mitigate the effects of labor cn their poisons. indneed them to impose upbn him. Thos;---, Janie-4 ilainght, tltat 9 sti§ding and nutting sod in the garden was Ward on shooe, lie ahciV. be' supplied - ri . th that article in addition .to his ivagesiwhich wt re already pristiy hell ttp, and in picking stone, Buckskin 'nimbi bad to he eupvlied, to save the 'Ands. The miler and athtii i3striblishe3 t3ii tbli farm under Mr. F's regime, was' yerrinricable. Everything was constantly under lock 41i key. Every-thing produced or 02n:timed was weighed: Tho,grain; bay and gists tire animals ate; the brad and their, the rattily and help at all was weigh ,oiit to Cobh, and separately, as consumed: The eggs, be. cause it Wits discovered .the were of different ies, were weighs 1 as betng a more psi methodof determining their =ad value: . But I hare not time, nor would ,yotir pati encO bear Willi a nilatite recital of `ant to singuls' r processes and their results, of Mr, F's farmin ottfintions. You can lien iniagine, that Lb