. , . . , .." I kept: husy . yesteFday." • . • - •." 'So doe' the sloth." . :. . - - 1 -.r -' "1 sill try. and do 'a little more today, but you, will please remembei, madam, lam only,a boY,!and , cannot : do las much as a inan.'l, 1 " I know that,"said the woman, her flinty . nature slightly mollified by the plaintive ac• cents of her interlocutor, " still, lads that wort oat shOtild try and Please their mas ters." „ , \ • rirw ays try to do this," said Willie,add int,: "JO wish I had , a paioof mittens ; tuy. - hands get so ifold."?, ' •-4" I've none for yOu. Fy ! your hands will 'get - toughened, by and b,. But come, your breakfirt is ready ; tit down and finish it as soon as possible, Cot every moment you loose takes mor.ey .out of pocket, you know." So saying, this model Jezebel, bustled out Of the room, leaving Willie alone with his thOughts. Efe assayed to eat, but in vain ; and after tasting a few , mouthfuls, rose and walked to the wood-card, where he met .Fliutheari, from whom he received orders for the •-dtrY - . • Again our little friend applied himself -to labur, toiling faithfully, save a brief late-rug mml, till near nightfall, when he was sum moned to supper-by the shrill voice of Bet - '-.While at table, . the farmer entered, an.l !told hini if be would do as well nest day as he had that,le would keep hint until the ei pirittiori of the specifi e d time of service.. Millie meekly teplied: "/ am glad, sir, if you are pleased with the results ofmy efforts. Could you not let me - hare enough money to psy,for a pair of glores or mittens. idy hands', suffer it good deal with told. I would like*pair of new itotkings, alio ; the ones I wear are very bad ; .my feet feel rery chilly at times, but I can get along without these: better than eoutetbtng to shield my hands Afrom the' in clement weather." a It is a good employer that pays when work IS li ctone," replied Flintheart doggedly, castive z a - glance at Willie that awed him to silence. :':And this was a an—=tho' it seems almost a libel upon the sea to call him, suck---wba boasted of houses and lauds, literally rioting in affluence, denying himself no Want,or even ltittury demanded by the cravings of a mor, bid appetite, yet, with niggardly parsimoni own* stubbornly refuses, to a destitute or phan a small pittance requisite to procure a Studs needed comfort. 0, that an increase of pelf, tin accumula tion of this world's goods, should so often shut the eyes of its possessor on scenes .of poverty, close the ear and heart to pleadings of the distressed ! But so it erer has been with us, and will continue to be, until QUM, present social system undergoes a complete revetution, and is reorganized upon a basis of principles more tonsentaneous with our boasted ideas of republicani, , m. tunder the existing order of things, not unfrequently do we behold : the rich, ' tho' profligate, and beggared in morals,. occupy ing prominent positions in social and public life, - and looking down with contemptuous- Hess and scorn upon those to whom fortune in distributing her benefactions has been less unificent than to themselves. Multitudes o. the - opulent, by their ostentatiousness, ar rogated se lf-superiority, and superciliousness seem to say : "'We are the magnos homines of this terraqueous !Jobe ; bow down ye ab-, ject creatures of the dust, and render homage do you superiors." many,to whom, on account of their riche., the world pays reverence, unscrupu lously", extort- from the poor the treasures whipli fill their coffers.. 'Mush was with Flintheart,the like of whom uttered abroad in community, are as hun gry leeches, furever quaffing, yet neve! satis . but to return to our young friend, whom we left enduring severest things ' i ,of poverty, augmented by theindifference arid illiberali ty Of him, who should bare been 'the orphan's triendJustead of acting 'the part of a detes tablaShylock. the Alight following Lis lag interriew with Flintheart, already mentioned, little 'Willie a(t.crosupplicating from that great and 1, good Being, whom his mother had early, taught him to reverence and adore, fortitude to bear up ander his heavy misfortunes, once more, weary,nnd sad, pressed his uninviting couch, and slept as tired youths are wont to do. -',The ensuing day was to decide whether he torunined iti the service of the farmer ; and it - was with a palpitating heart he descended, at the approach of morning, from his gloomy attic. • • - Sather late, boy," was the discourteous salutation of Flintheart, whom Willie encoun . tare:Las:ha *dared 'the kitchen. - "I arose, sir, .soon.as I awoke." " Can't, you wake little sooner !—half au %oaf s ssy-i.. :Were you never taught the ben efits of 'may. rising I" • ?''°-Yal_air,lplit it is_haidly light yet., besides I aitsluitettied last night; and slept very am:11111v." "-Tired, hal I'm afraid you wont do for rae. 'Not . osongli muscle and endurance in fUtiPeonatitution; I fear!' u•.it eatitiot 'reasonably ..be expected that toys will have men's sinews, any more than their - - wisdom; and - discretion. My- system was , originally healthy add vigorous; but wept and exposure, you know, frequently de bilitatelhestrongest physical organism." klinihaart did not mpond. The truthful and els:Need reply of the lad, surprised him, and hi toted -his :head in.thoughtful Silence. Ilisitrgruent,ty 21)401otion was interrupted by the entrance of Betty, who.broke out in . beclMlk. l 44.74 B6 Pßllbiat tape, As.follows 44 „.W19r-is,poi,that idle lounger at, work gust:tato:V / 4e continued, fairly intoxicated iwith rageills:what do you keep timt _white. liveredloat he.re for, when he wits hirt4. lot; aomethini.4sel Aloubt :has .been Viline - Y!!W %VA with a o Ate Irkilk.aad-trater sentitnen4lity, groundless coo plainttl. 0 , .the, t ragged hypocrite) - actu stly hate the sight Of hitu. It would do one good, it would feast my said, to fly at him and give him a sound beating." This extemporaneous fumigation of his delectable spouse awakened Flintheart from his revery, and he replied rather crustily : I'll thank you to mind your own bnsi• new, wife,,and I will mine. . "Yes," voeiffomted Betty, her screeching voice quivering with anger, " that's a. nice way to talk to one that's been the making of you. If it hadn't been for me,' you'd have been . aa poor as Lazarus,- that's what you would, you, bump back, pie-bald Pharisee.— Let me bear any more such language out of youaeadi and I'll make you dance.a double quick-step to the music of a hot-water shower bath ; see if I don't." Flintheart, altho by nature acquisitive, morose, and tyrannical, was l eo than his wife, who subjected him entirely to her arbi trary dictation ; and without replying to the acrimonious invective he had just received, beckoned Willie to follow and left the apart ment. Amigning the orphan his task, with the command to perform it by. five o'clock in the afternoon, if he wished to remain with him longer, the farmer, in a petulant mood, moun ted his horse and galloped away. The weather was , unusually inclement, it being , one of those raw, gusty November days, when the ice-king, struggling with Au tumn for dominion, chills us with his gelid breath. Nevertheless, by the force of cir cumstances, Willie labored assiduously in the execution of his allotted ta* Once in deed, benumbed with cold, he ventured with in dlors . to swarm himself a moment, but this privilege was denied him by his enemy, Bet ty, who unceremoniously thrust . him from the house. • now fallen, how destitute of that charita blenm and compassion that 'distinguish her sex, must be the woman, who, without cause, e ou Id thus maliciously perpetrate cruelty up on anz unoffencling child of mitfortue I 11,w cold nd unfeminine such a nature ! How void of sympathy, benevolence and all those° other Christian graces and attributes that warm and vivify the true female heart. - 'Willie, it need not be.said was unhappy, in his present situation, and 'gladly would haVe exchanged it for one more pleasant and congenial; but where could such a one be found ! He knew not. Since the death 'of his parents; he had realized only unkindness, and, at length, concluded, as have othe.s in like circumstances, that he was to expect from the world only a repetition of wrong and oppression, so resolved to make a virtue of necessitY, and remain where he was, if the farmer would consent to retain him in his tmploy. - By dint of extraordinary exertion, Willie completed Lis task a few moments before fire, and 6,t down to rest ` his exhausted frame. Just then the farmer rode' up and seeing the posture of the lad, called out : "Taking it easy, I sea ! Mire jou fiui,h ed your job l" " Yes sir," said Willie. " Well -done, is it I" ".I think so ; please examine for your self." The farmer did so—declared himself.satis , fled, and signified his purpose to keep him for'a month. This announcement was, in a degree, grat ifying to the orphan. Of a home, for a time, he was sure, provided he comported himself conformably to - the requisitions of - his em: ployir, and to do this, he resolved to put forth every effort in his power. Gentle youth, ye who hare never been called to deplore the absence cf paternal so whp have never felt the chill of reit urv, when You assemble with joyous faces and sparkling eyes around your . comfortable thipk,•l beseech you, of the many orphan children: who roam from place to place, homeless and destitute, dependent up on the reluctant generosity . of the world. Let your tender hearts warm with compassion toward the little wanderers, exposed .to temp ation and peril; and whenever an.opportuni ty occurs, fail not to exemplify the genuine ness of your sympathy by alleviating, so far as in you Ilea; their manifold sorrows. (TO DE, con-In :ED.) BECOMING DISG -TIJ CPI IMbtlS (Ohio) Gazette, a strong RepubliCan paper, 'speaking of the couse of its party in that State, uses •>the following language, which may be comidered pretty plain• talk, coming from such a source. It will apply with equal force to other States: The Republican party, not yet tiro years old: is.now in possession of every department of the State Government, Executive, Legisla tive, and Judicial. flow long it will be able to retain this desirable position, depends upon the - manner its power is exercised. If 'the legislation this winter 'is to be taken as a spe cimen brick of the fabric of Republicanism, we think the - structure ,nheci completed, if ever, will_ nut be of the most inviting kind. There has been too much time frittered away in lamentations over the colored population; too much . prominence given to striking out the word "white" from the Constitution, either to be profitable or agreeable. ...The negro question tray' do well enough to enliven a political campaign, but when it becomes so altabsorbing that you cannot pass a wood pile without seeing a knotty head in it, it becomes not only tiresome, but disgusting. There have been too vouch Wowen's Rights, and other foolish isms of the day, suffered to creep into the discussion of important ques tions,' to the detriment of legitimate' legisla tion. ASTOUNDINO INEWa FROX IttDIMSAPOUS. —A letter has been received here from India apAis suiting that in the investigation of the account oftbe mitring Republican party State -officers of Indians, - astounding defalcations have been discovered; that, - certificates for suing patents for *I or $20,000 swamp hinds have been , issued in :favor of oae of those of. finer; for liepich'no money has beeb paid Into the treasnrytthat the - accouuts' of the State, treasurer allow _a 'deficit of 1160;000 :sot paid up by him; and the issue Ofa largeamonat of :bank paper without takiag the • security .re :gaited bylaw; There la "Oli Ite4!: O PAY" In :Indianapolis 'about - these deyelopmenia: The parties' Impliemed *ere - iejelectid as :Knoll Nothings, but turned np Black Repub. lame In the: shuffle-of the • cards of4beiate ,Fvrosideothil election,— Waiititiften Sc..a gifooye : ::gieutot. J .B. McCOLLUM, ."' A .J. GERRITSON, ZDITORS. 1Z01V1T.01313, Thursday, April 23ih. -1857. DEMOCRATIC - STATE TICKET. FOR GOVERNOR. . WILLIAM F. PACKER; - Of Lyeomeny County. FOR CANAL COMMISSIONER. NIMROD . iITRICKLAPID, Of Chester County. tir.We print on our first page:an article from the Penn'a School Journal, on the sub ject of the - County Su peri 1 . /tendency . ..We do not indorse* all its conclusions; but think its sug gestions with reference to the qualifications necessary iu a County Superintendent; worthy of attention at this time. e t In consequence of the snow storm of Monday we have - received no mails from New York or Philadelphia, since Saturday. This will - account for the meagre appearance of our news department this week. To-day (Wednesday) ti•e roads are impassable, but the warm, April sun promises to:OPen•thern speedily. This is .the severest snow storm we have ever experienced at. this season of the vesr. 1==:1=1 Kansas Convention Law. • The true friends of self government unhesi tatingly condemn the refusal of the "Free State men" of Kansas to vote at the .election to be held in that Territory on the 3d Mon day of June next, for delegates: to form a State Constitution: The plea filed by the ab-. olition agitators, in justification of this strange conduct, is net entitled to a : respectful eon sideration, inasmuch as the general Govern ment has repeatedly proclaimed its•:determin ation to maintain the present Territorial laws, until they are modified or repealed' by virtue of the customary andiconstitutional agencies. if those laws are offensive to a majority of the actual citizens of the Territory;iiiey can be stricken from the statute bock, without re sort to revolution; and no combination in or out of Kansas is jw.tifiable in•resisting them. During the Presidential canvass, it, *was con findently awtted by the Mends of Fremont, that the freeState,out-numbered the Pro slavery settlers, five to one. And yet, we. have the singular spectacle of this-free State majority cooly resolving not to pat ticipate in an elec tion the result of which must materially rtf t:ect the future condition of; Kansas; and de termine the diameter of '4ier domestic insti tutions.. And the poor excuse for this unusual g aud unwarrantable conduct is; that the Legis lature which framed the convention law, was illegally elected ! To that law we know of but one possible oljection ; and4 . ol. is that it contains no provision submitting the con stitution to the vote•of the people of,the Ter ritory. This oljection is not really a serious . one, because in the choice of delegates to frame the . constitution, the issue en the ab sorbing topic - of slavery can bti legitimately made, by those who are in favor of free insti tutions supporting fur delegates men•of like convictions . ; and those against, voting fur ! those friendly to the establishment of slavery...! In other respects, at least; the law 'is just. I and impartial and indicates.on the part of its authors a.disposition to act fairly and to se cute to each bona fide inhabitant . "the free and independent expression of his opinion'ty Lis vote." It provides that "every bone fide inhabitant of the Territory of Kansas, on the. third Monday of June one thousand eight hundrtd and fifty-seven, Iteiny a citizen of the United States,over" the age of twenty one years, and who shall have resided three! months next before said election in the county in which he offers to vole, and no other per son whatever shall be entitled to vote. at said.clee lion, and every person qualified as . a yeller may.' be a delegate to said convention and no other." This provision is plain, and indicates neither. "border ruffianism," or unfairness. Put,, says the profsion - al fault-finder,. this law.directs that an enumeration of .the inhabitants be made, and devolves •that duty upon th sheriffs of the different counties, and.their de puties; these "border ruffian" officials will I not impartiallydisubarge their duties under 'Abe law ; they Will omit the free State men and.neglect, or refuse to return them, as resi dents and qualified .voters.= Nua this flimsy and unworthy pretence of the agitators, Is Met and destroyed.bY the very law to which they or. The registry of the voters narriea, is required to be filed in the office . of the Pro bate jtidgesed kept open for inspection and correction .for . thirty days immediately pre -ceding the election; and ,none are 'allowed to 'vote except those whose names are regis tered. Said Probate Judge is required to hear and determine all questions concerning the omission of the names of residents from the ansui list; or the improper, insertion of any name on said list; and . to gear, correct. and finally determine any oler question of fectingthe integrity or fidelity of the returns. ' These previsions are .eminently wise and fair, atui it is to be regretted that there arefactions spirits in she Territory, unwilling toabide by them is goodfaith. This-Convention las, alsoi)rovides hap% penaltiewagainst illegal voting,. and sgaiopi the employment of force, or intitui4atiount the polls. All.antside interference, ,whether from the North, or from, the South, i s espe zially partied against; and the. faithful exe cution of the Law, will insure to Kansas such ,a,coustitution ; as the majority of her horeafids citizets des*, -If. the statoneat orthe abo litiOnistSt ttlat a Msjori ty. of the le;a1 voters of ic:=::s Kansas, ire- free State me - n, is true; and by the refusal of that Majority to participate in . the _election .to form a State'Constitution, shivery sliOuld be established in Kansas, upon whom will the responsibility rest? Clearly upon those who encourage the " free State party" to resist the althorities of the Territce ty and to refuse to take part in the elections. We are glad to see that, the N. Y. Times, an able and influential Republican jnurnal. takes a correct and patriotic view of this matter and deprecates the course of the "free Statemen," as . wrong and likely to lead to injurious consequences. In its issue of the B . th it says: Takep . in connection with the attitude of renewed. resistance to the authorities which the free State nien, in Kattsas, are assuming —the counsels from ardent political :cadets and presses in the Northern and - Eastern. States, exhorting them to decline all partici pation .in the election, and to set at defiance the Territorial authorities, and the indication, on the other side, of the purpose of the pro-, litvery faction to take advantage of these circumstances,- and - push their Own projects to speedy consummation--it cannot fail to have a disastrous .effect upon the condition and prospects of Kansas." The Times, is the only Opposition print, that has the courage to condemn the conduct of the " Gee State party." The Tribe 'rind its followers justify the course of that ‘aity, .and we believe would secretly rejoice to have Kansas seek admission into the Union with a Constitution tolerating slavery. Those who encourage a policy calculated to produce such a result, must be regarded as favorable to it. ---+~ - The County .ccperintendencj•. Pursuant t(:) the directions of the Act of May 1854, the School Directors of Susifa County are notified to meet at the Court House in Montrose, May 4th, and siiect a person of "literary and scientific attainments, and skil land experience ill the art of teachin , g, as County Superintendent fur the three. suc ceeding years." They arc al-o required to determine the compensation which such per son shall receive for his seivices. We have always doubted the utility of the j law, creating the, office of County Superin tendent ; .it seemed to us that by it a consid ratable sum of atouey was annuallyextraeted him the pockets, of the people, without any visible or adequate return. By the terms • of the School act of '54 the directors are required to employ tli'd teachers And exercise a general supervision of the schools . in their respective districts; also to direct what brandies shall be taught, and what -books used in said schools. Upon the directors also devolves the duty, of reporting to the County Supeinten dent the number and situation of the Schools in. their districts; the character and nuinber of teachers employed; number of months in the year during which each school shall have been kept open; and amount of school - tax levied and collected. Fur the discharge of th - ese duties the direct Ors are not compensa ted ; and yet it is quite evident that the ag gregate labor performed by them, is nearly, if not Wily equal to. the sertiees rendered by the County Supeointendent. Would it not, then, be mole just, to reward these directors, "for their labors, and Wose upon theM the additionar duty of examining the teachers ? There are men in every township in this county, fully competent to perform the duties which the-present law requires of the Super intendent. Besides it is impossible fur that officer to visit all theschools each'terru; and if these'official visits ale beneficial to teachers and pupils, why not so arrange the system that-each school may be'protited be them ? Coinpensate the directors- reasonably, and make it their duty to perform the services now rendered by the Supetintendent, and : me are confident that the subOols would notsuf fer by the diseontinuance of that office. • Bit. - the convention to which reference is made at the beginning of-this article is not called upon to approveor condemn, the pres ent school system; its duty, in obedience to to the law, is to select a competent person as County Superintendent. • While the lawis in force it. is proper to execute it iu letter and spirit, and to . give it a fair trial. B. F.- Tenksbury, the present county Supeiinten dent, was elected to till the vacancy occasHoned by the resig-nation of . Mr. Richardson; and so far as we laa , fe learned hat devoted himself to the duties of his office with commendable in dustry and perseverence. —His qualifications for the place are'griod, and le has manifested much inteiestin the cause to which he has been officially devoted.. We understiv a ri th a t he is a 'candidate for re•election. It will be the citt.tyof the eonvention . to consider wheth er the purpose of the law would not be par tially defeated by selecting a new man, for the office, every three years. A man. who bits served in this capacity must necessarily haie much valuable. experience. We make these suggestions with no aisposition to dictate to the convention, but fair -the purpose of culling attention to the . subject, and awakening - a spirit of inquiry. It is proper to state that that portion of these crudely expressed views, questioning the utility of the school law, in its present shape, does not meet the approval of the junior editor and he is not therefore responsible for them. nr" The following resolution was passed at a mass meeting of the oppogplon at Hat iiaburg, called to ratify the nominations of Wilmot, Millward, Veech and Lewis. I Resorted, That an Amendment of our nut ticalization laws is essential to the preservation of our vitality as a nation, and our happiness as a people; and that we - wilt join no party and support no man for office, unless pledged to this measure. They nest resolve that they are highly plstiwid with the nomination of . - Wilmot for Governor, and that he is distinguished for his devotion to the ". interests-represented by the American and Republican parties:" Pro- bably the Republicins will labor to satisfy its leaders that: Wilmot, :only represents- the shriekers. lieighbor, don't forget, to tell diem that he is a ,gird friend to at: aineadnaent Of the naturalisation laws. Wilmot at Howe. The Republican of last week in comment.' ing upon our notice of the neglect of tire late fusion gathering at this - place, to ratify the nomination . 6f Wilmot for Governor,. says that "that. formality was unnecessary," that' "the nomination had been already ratified in' the bear ts of the people, and will be re-ratifi, ed next October, when old Susquehanna will give Wilmot a larger majority than she gave Fremont." Notwithstanding this sweep. - ing declaration of Wilmot's. organ, we are unable to discover the propriety of the silence of the shriekers of" my district." Those very obsequious individuals. have heretofore eulogized. petted and flattered their present standard bearer, without stint. If in ;the character of a high private," be deserved their elogiums, he is certainty entitled to re spectful notice, when appointed to carry their flag and lead then) to—certain . defeat. •The absurd assertion that be - will receive in this - County a larger majority than did Fremont, is caleu'ated to excite the visibilities o( all observing men, whether his political friends, or foes. ' Fremont was a candidate when the storm of sectionalism was at its height; when the passions• and sympathies of men were aroused by the rantingg _and the falsehoods of black republican captains ; when that slow traveller, truth, was practically outlawed in I this County, by the clamors of the " free- Kansas" and free speech" demagogues that infested it. The " sober second thought" of the people has not benefitted the cause of the! factious and revolutionary patty. ; and David] Wilmot as the head and • front of that cause in this section, need nut hope to . rival Fre mont, Much less excel him in the estimation dour independent voters. It is incorrect to suppose that Wilmot mill receive a larger. vote in this county, than would any ether Man of that party.. Simon Cameron . , hereto.: fore odious in this community, if chosen to bear the - black repnblivan banner, would ob tain nearly a full vote of the opposition, be- . carts;. its leaders are more devoted to plunder, than principle. Of course. there are honest I men, of the " rank and tile" who under a de lusion, voted fur Fremont, but will not support ;- and we predict 'that Gen. Packer williCceive a larger proportion of. the polled in this eOunty, than did Mr. Buchan an. A! -, :rin, our neighbor declares that" his (Wiltnot's) course on the Bomb, has been such as to give the people generally, without, distinction of party, full confidence iu Ability and integrity:" This is incorrect, for -in the very nature of things, the judge who continually mixes in political contests, des troys the confidence of ,he public in his its partiality, and hi ability to decide properly between friends and foes— A more bitter par tisan than DaviSWilmet, does not live; and for his strong passions an d pry e di aes he is justly • eminent. And ;hall it be said th a t such a titan, cart deeide impartially between bitter political enemies and warm partizan friends. Such a supposition would be nnrea- . sortable, and argue that Wilmot - is possessed o f qualities, fur which the public has - never vet given him credit. Ills - most devoted friends will not pretend that he is an aecom lashed legal scholar , and tlity must admit that his ability for the Proper discharge of the duties of a judicial station is very limit ed.. It cannot be elaiMeltivit he is both an able and impartial-Judge. 11 impartial and honest, he has on several occ:i•ions, eVegi owly Mistaken the law. IIMEMMI=1:11E1 Arc -• egracs Citizens ? The storm of vulgai abuse.• rbich has rrreeted,the recent de . cision . of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scutt ease, has led to an ex amination of the record on th e subject . of the citizenship of negroes.. It is found that the question 'has been repeatedly,decided and. always one waf. Indeed Justice McLean; in his dissenting opinion, does not take issue with the Cotirt on this point.- lit 18 . 21 Mr. Wirt, then Attorney General of the United States, was-called on .by the Secretary of the Treasury for nn opinion as to "whether free persons of color are, in. Virginia, citizens of the United States, within the intent and meaning of the. acts - regulationg the foreign and coasting trade, so as to be qualified to command vessels?" The following -extract occurs in his' reply : "Looking to the Constitntiou as thettand ard of 'meaning, it seemes very Manifest that no person is included in the cies7ription of citizen of the United Sates wlio has not the full right of a citizen in the-State of his resi dence. ALiong other proofs of this; it will be s.....incient to 'advert 1.6 the constitution al provisivu that "the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all theAirivileges and immunities of citizens in the several .' . States Now if a person burn and residing in-Yirgin ia, but possessing none 'of the high cbarac-. teristic provisions of a. citizen of the state, is, nevertheless a citizen of Virginian the.sense of the Constitution,then, qn his - removal. to anothm State, he acquires all the tremunities and priivileges of a citizen of that State, al though he possessed none of, them in the State of his nativity ; a consequence which certainly could not have bon in the contem plation of the Convention. Again : the only qtai4cation required by the Constitution to render a person eligible as President ' Senator or,ltepresentative of the .United States; is, that be shalt be a 'citizen, of the United States'.of a given' age and residence. Free negroes and mulatttks, can satisfy the requisi• tiou of age 'and residence as well as the white man; and if nativity, residence, and allegi tice combined, [without the rights and privi leges of a white man] are sufficient to make him a citizen of the United. States' in. the sense of the Constitution, .then free negroes and mulattoes are eligibe to those high offi ces, and may command the. purse and sword of the nation" Mr. Wirt, afterfurther discussing the aub. ject, states his cOnclusiou in the following vex& : - ' " Upon the -whole, I arii . of the opinion that free persons of color in . li r irginiti are not citi: zees of the United §tites, within :the intent and meaning of_tha acts regtilating foreign nvd "coaittingtrade, so as to be Analified to corniiiinf v.esaelti." _ , . In 1834, in - pious Connecticut, now devot ed to '"Fremont and freedat%*- the question wai decided the same aril , by Chief Justice Daggett; and his = deeision his never been 're versed, nor questioned hut itt - stltl the law, in that State, sit is in ovary:Stitt*. The:cwea In which the point arose was as (Q110,8;10* Prudence Crandall set up a-SchOol at. Can- . terbury fur eolored.childre% and had Miring her,pupils some from 'other States. -The Leg islattire passed a law -Probibi ,sebools Ter the-instruction of colored perstit...Wher.wero not residents of that State," on the ground that it "'would tend to the great itietense of the.colored population otthkState,and tfiere by to the iojary. of.the•peOpfti" . toder - one of the provisions of thiSqtw Miss Crandall was i"dieled,and the case finally came - before Chief Justice Daggett„whre the question was raised by the counsel of Miss Crandall that the law was' void tinder the Ist , Subdi vision of Section 2 of 4ricic 4 of the Consti tution of the Unitnd State=, which provides that:— • • _ . "The citizens of each State shall . be enti tled to all privileges and itnninnities of citi izens in the several States." This brought up the point directly . and die tinctly. alto following is Judge .Daggett'a reasoning and - decision : " Arefrec blacks citizens has been in geniously said, that vessels may be owned and navigated by free blacks, and the Amer ican flag will protect them ; - liut you Will re member that the statute. _which Makes 'that provision, is an het of Congress,-and' not the Constitution. Adthit, if yon••pleae, that Mr. Chalice, a respectable merchant, has owned vessels, and sailed them under the American flag ; yet this does not prove 'him such a-cit izen as the Constitution contemplates. But that question stands undecided by any Legal tauttal Within my knoWled t ze. • Fur tlte,pur pose of this case, it is not necessary to deter- _ tine that question. , • • "It has been alsoltrg-ed, that as, colored persons may commit treason, they must be consideredeitizeni. Every person .boin in in the United States, as well as every pers who may reside here, owes•allegiamie cf ‘ some, sort to the governMent because the govern ment constitutionally affords him sire protection. Treason against this government consists in levying war against the govern ment of the United States,.or aiding its,. ene my in time of war. Treason may be., ,1 ,C0m - - witted, by persons who ate not entitled to the elective franchise. For if they reside un der the protection of the government, it would be treason to levy war against -that government, as it would if they were 'citizens. I think Chancellor. Kent, Whose aulhori ty it gives me pleasure to quote, determines this question by fair jtuplication. II:id , this authority \ considered free blacks citizens, he had an ample cipportunity to say sO. But what lie has said excludes that idea : kin most of the United States, there is a , tinction in respect to political privileges between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact, participate equally with the whites. in the exercise of,eivil and po litical rights. The African race are essentially a degraded caste, cf interior rank and condition I in societc. Marriages are forbidden betwceit them and the whites, in sonic of the States, and when not absolutely' cantrary to law, they are and . regarded as an offence against public decorum: By the revised. Statutes in Illinois, Published in 18:29, marriages between 1 whites and negroes, or mulattos, arc declared I void, and the persons so married are liable to be whipped, tint4l and imprisoned. By an old stat ute of Massachusetts, of 1705, such marriages arc declared void, and are so still. A similar statute provision exists in Virginia apd Nokh Carolina. Such" convection in France and Germany, constitute the most degraded s9te of coneubinage, which is known to the civil law. But they are not legal marriages, because the parties want that equality or state of condition, which is essential to the contract."-2 Bent's Comm. :MS. ‘• Igo back 'further still. When the Con stitution of-the. United Sates was•adopzed, every State (Massachusetts excepted) tolerated slaverv. And in some of the States, 'down to a !ate period, se,vere laws have been kept in force regarding slaves: With respect to New Yolk, at that time, her laws, and penalties were severe indeed; , and it was not - until July 4th, 1827, that this great State was ranked mow* it, free States. " TO 7 c-. ' y mind it would be a perversion 'tof terms, and the well known rule of construe ion, to, say, that slaveS. free blacks,. Or In dians, were citizens,. within the meaning of that term as:toed in the Constitution.. God forbid that. I should add to the depredation of this•race of men;'but I am bound, by:'my duty, ts i liPtitisy are not citizens. "1' have thus shown you that this law is not contrary to the 2d section of the . 4th, Art. of the Constitution of the United State=, fur that embraces only citizens.", In 183Erthe Suprimie Court of Terinessee made'a similar decision, in which the point is stated as follows: "Free blacks are not citizens within the meaning of the provisions of the - Constit don ; of the United States, 'Art. 4, Sec. 2, ; th a t th e citizens of each State .shail bo entitled to all the priv i.:;:g•es and immunities of- citizens in the several Suites." • .As recently as last November the State Department refused passports to a company of 'negro tninistrek who were going' to Eu rope, on the.express ground. that they.' were not citizens under the Constitution, • - a -- pass. port being a certificate of citizenship. After resiewing the *decisions on the. subject the the Assistant Secretary of State concludes his reply to the applicantas follows:.'; . ' 4 ( The Secretary directs me to say, that though the department could not certify that such persons are eitizens4f the United States, yet, if satisfied. of the truth of the facts, it - would give a certificate that they weie•born in the United States, are free; and that the' gOvernment thereof would regard it to be its duty, to protect them if wronged by a for- - eign government while within its.juriidietiOn . fur a legal itiid - proper purpose:: - • . I ata, sir, respectfully, your ob't serv't, J. A. THOMAS, . Assistant Secretary." 11. 11. RICE, New York City." . This revie w of the gnestio rt • is sufficient to show that no new principle has :been ad;. vtthced by the - Supreme Qom' ;—that it rim ply 'declares - the law as it has always been held; that no right_or privilege of the negro, which he had before has beau invaded by ft, and as to fseedorn or slavery it has nothing to do 'with it. • Itis-safficient:•to 'thew we think that the noise .vrbieh has been raised over it is equally wicked and •witheut cau,e. - - ' - _. Direct Irons Kama's. Under . the above caption the Peansylvaniari of Tue'sday, 1 4tb inst.,.has thefoilowing : Col; Richard 13. Jones, of the Exbange Ilo tel; baa just returned from 'a dying eisit to Miami. Ile says that the•country peacea ble and ; quiet; and that, the , utmost surprise was mutilated among the alibotaiitial rent dents of the Territory; that they ibould-have been so , trosdy nrisrepresented in the Eastern prem.. : A number of. thein td,cre much vativ vied at.,thei, , ,hasiy- runner 14. wbi o i k Gi t y• Chary , left-them; and attribute to hint serious moons for so doing. The Colonel passed throUghlthe: -, border.:iegiens i . .'th a t there: is net "the leaSt'obstanle'i laced inthe way of emigrants:;..OU",thecontrary, all 'they tiew town; and there: aie - nunthels of thlie, welconne' them tnerSt heartily., - _ 'There tVa;nd border yliftimnsna,, and • all the trouble:4olst h a d taken ',thee were Onused - by the tnist4ett notions' of a fsw-Northern #lTti.SOLltilem ics, .who have now had their day. - 11'heptit 'Cation of the people generally was - turned agriculture, and an earnest desire to sneke th e Terriiory what it should have .been jongr sineeione of the garden spots of the country ; Nature favors 4.he prejebt, and it only:requircs the art of mart t\J •►d.evelopit. Thdpeople on the,. borders are kind and iuktiitable;.and . live is the gotiti.old style of Mir fathers of the ileve: ,lotion. The country, the Colonel.sisttires!ntr i • presents' every inducement for 'the, thrift* farmer and ineultanic . to Ile, stopped. a. few days et: Lesivenwolth . Oty; . which is about 400 „miles above :St. Louis;. and was much pleased to gee with whist n .hearty - good Will the honest- pioneers,- from the_ Forth and the South were received. „ThiSCit;y: - eontains about one thoiisaint inintikantly eta 4 situ ated on high &omt on the bank....of while .the country around, as :far es the eye can reach, presents the richest., ground for agricultural purposes that can be found itrthe • Union,- 'The.Plsnter's lintel, MA-his city, is a tine brick . building, four stories 111gb,,rnid capable of accommodating twOhimdred-per soni. The fare (and .the Colonel lsa ftidge) is eseellent, and. - the transient, charges c are two dollars per day:, • All the the other !rouses are frame,:and- built with . a* ••good eye to taste, - Here Colonel Jones . met . d good number of Pliladelphiani, - and speaks in the highest terms- elate - 11os pi-. tality extended to strange's by - th. Jones, - G. W. Clayton; C. ClaYtpu„ and a host of others. Ile met young Kershaw, (a son of the well•know ice man in this city,) :who desired, to, be remembered to , hiS.friend*:at home. • , • • . . There is rota single brilzklnalter in Lase enworth, 'aad the :soil is adarrea to , the Inane' ufactu-re.of the liaest pressed brick. „This,o-*1 fens opportunity for some or. ouryoung,- hard-working and; iaduw.rions -briek 7 rnakers. Besides, 'neut.:Yaks of ,all. kiaa , A.are,wanted. The Colonel , speaks . in glowing terms Of the new towns that. are-springiug up aloiig the says all that is - wanted to inatke a great country is honestindust.y;and let-the people (as they do now) think end fee' . themselves. - „. This statement - of Col..:Sonea..-stipports Geary's Address in sf yery -particular: i r Theri can be, no doubt that -peace and order reign in Kansas at, the present time; rind tion fanatics and Southern "fire eaters" out side of the territory will be content -to :let the actual settlers determine the charatitet of their; domestic institutions; forthunselves . . there will be no difficulty hereafter. • : From the Newark Eit o ide . . . . 11.11614 king Skaiia Free kee States. One would - supp , from their ravings and ti V denunciations tha the• Black -Republicans or the Seward school never favOredlkhe doctrine just affirmed by 'the U. S. CO4tt; ,that the owners of slaVes may travel with their slaves into non-slave territory.and bring their - slaves • away with them. • -Nevertheless: they once occupied th 6 position. The very doctrine just laid down be Jude Taney, tvacasserted and advocated by Mc. S. id 1838: ~ The E•sex, county Republicinc.(one: of the most intelligint:inanall in the State of New: York,) makes some awkWatd citations ron this point. It ielets to the fact that in 18313, 'when Mr. Seward was running. for Governer, an anti-: laver,y meeting Was held :-itt . Uticah, at -which a resok e was passed to interrogate Mr. Seward and Mr. Marcy. also a candidate, in regard to the tepeal!oima laW of the,:State _ which permitted a slave!helder,.to reside • for a limited period`-in the State •• of --New ::York without forfeiting the:slaves htx : brotight with him. Both returned answers agailisribe re , peal of the law: Before giving the essential porttonS of Mr. Seward's itiplr, we will .quote the law to :whin' it is related.: ' . - ' " Any pertton not being. nu inhabitant .of this State, who shall be travelling to or from or passing through ibis State, may bring:with. him, any person lawfully held by him-in slav ery and may to each fierson with him. from this State, but(.the person so held in. slavery shall not reside or' continue In .this -State more than nina-inotrihs,-and if snob residence be continued beyond this time; such person shall' be free.! . :Tho.Committee consisted of .Gerrit Smith and Wm. Jay, to whom Mr. Seward returned for answer, relative to the above, a letter of which the following is the essential • " But, gentlemen, being desiretwtó be en tirely candid ir.• tliis co - inmfinicationi if is proper to-say that lam - not' - e \ onvieted it won Li be either wise r 'expedient or Atm - Kt - 4. to declare to our fellow citizens of •the. -sour :hero and southeastern States, that if they triti . geto 'or front, or pass through the. Stitte.orNew York,.they'- - shall nos.hritig with thelitilat- tendatits . whom custom er . edueation Or habit may have 'rendered - necessary .'tol therm. I 'itare.not been able to discoverranygoed. - oh-. jeet to be attained -by such .an act certainly can tcork o:injury.tO.ns nor. Win it be i jurii,irsto the. •; \ 0rt.07206 \ ino held in bondage to perm k them awe \I perhaps in their lives, and at on . -ecca dons few and thr between,.to.vi.. ;'Cotnitry where slavery is unknown'. an . .e.ben - 'con ceive of bekfits.to the greaecati - se , "'Of :human liberty, from the cultivation thisinterrOuile with: the' South" • - •' * • * ' * * i• - _l, "I will not press the consideration flowing from the nature of our Union,aud tho nalltnal cOncestiotis on %Olio]) it was founded; against the pmpriety of such an isoinsion -as- your . qtiestion contemplates;aßpaienilY forthe - Tux-. pose only of avoiding- , an intplication:-. not founded in facts-and Which the , 'histnry; our State so nobly contradict!k. - ii issufficient to soy that such an ezetusion 'CouLtt , hues nu. good ejFectllractically, and. would accoripliak nothing to the great cause of human titetty."' Striking Itacfc. Gov.,Pollock has • some plunk - in hime4-... From the contemptuous manner in which many of his political - associates spoke of him, and his apparent want of all.: manly- resent ment - for their insults, we:had - got to regard him of, no account., a n reutu re'with to mind of his own, who would allow even his-: per secutors by bravado to dictate the diantOl of the executive patrorrage. - ; But we , haCe deriate.d him in' that respect._ --IC seemi'lle net'so abjeet th.A. he can be trodden upoh.by eVerybody with 'impunity. :Ile - has ;sheirn thaCbi is - not altogetLeilost_ to tv proper or mlishood and self-resPect. ; • The - late rnoligiel ConVention at Itirria burgtreated him moo, slogiefully: IC was 'composed Of the represematives of all thefao lions that had made' him Geviirniiii 'they as-, aimed - atilt to-occupy the -- sime pettiticin be fore:the coo ittry---- being thaC or hi's : - ti ity to the betrtooracy,ln that, lie wits With them to the utmost was ; ,their itad t by:allcommon deaconof and theluniforw practicemf Teat', , tied fo itortre-frierfdlY'reeognititin,',fe- lade' ihittgAise (Ina a, itOruftil, tontempt. But'thefitawial'him brilthotitlhtkilightrt. notice a cruel insult to any man, hilt espenk,
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