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zeirg.
: Fecon'tho EverPng, Post.
2' . lin •BALLAD OF THE:WHALE.
nr READ TRORNDM
The Northmatlay• on his iron • •
Outlooking'the Norman sea ; • •
. with liiihold,lbliie,eyeaor wild einprise,
Abroad o'er..4 . ivavelyoked he..
In a restlesi' mootk or solitude ; .
• He longs in. the chn,e - to . .
Y.l've conquer& the beat in tlieToinennwo,A,
And the shark by the deep Mnelstrotri I
fittinz foe lived longngo—
The mighty rtitestotiotir
His blue eyes bnively glance below—
,' The chief from his cliff is g v u e I
'Tithe whale! yon, whale, that..tetnpts his aail,
• Like an island he moved' on—
"By the soundlea: sea conquer thee,
Tliou ocean hutstoiton !,"
Ile darted his skiff fi oin the feet of the cliff.
All arn2a.'w . iili Lis corded spear;
Soon the barb is d'ed -in the sea-beast's side,
And away .to the . west they steer.-
With his hempen rein, der the ocean plain,
More fleet than ihe sledge they go;
With the red .setfing sun a race they run,
InAlie road of its turfy glow 1
. ..„
And the storm, waves kept glassy Calm,
. That, strange first hark to see ; .
And the sea gods Fuse the chase to charm
• And ehouted—" We'll rice with thee!"
And one of their troop the Norman chose
To share it jiffs dating deed ; .
White washer breag as ttie Fitliara snows,
Her hair like th'e - brown sea-weed.
-And thus they twain o'errode the main,
And the N,,rseman's shirt of mail,
With - his shield be clashed,;as they landward
washed,
'Till he stranded the maddened whale
That night, on thestcand of the new west land
He built for his ine , insid bride
A •bowe‘v hut, and the oil he cat,
Fur a lamp, from the monster's side.
And Born !bete two there F. pranz a crew,
The boldest to Ices(' the sail;
And on everyplain of the stormy main
They cha . se the tutnbbeg whale
isctitautous.
AN INCIDENT IN THE MEXICAN WAR
BY RICHARD EVERETT.
The blond: battle of Malin del Rev was
'finished, and the §mericati 'arms were again
victorious. -Bu tt proved a dear-bought
victory: The battlefield was red with:Anglo-
Saxon blood, for never dbl. the Aztec arms
Make amore desperate defence. Tho.e who •
participatedju that gloriou, battle wilt never
forget:its man s eventftil'eircuniStanees ; how -
at - faint dawn of morn 'when' the star looked
sweettrupon the 'earth, - our army moved si
lently into-its position; corps after corps, ar
tillery, infantry andcavalry ; the muttered
word - of command, the ittinltlinr. of "Wheels,
and the mulled .'tramp? tramp? . 'tramp !: of
devoted storming: party, which pioneered
the main :force: It was five o'clock in the
morning, when'the.battle commenced: With
atimtirt4 that shook the earth:the heavy
guns of Hugar's battery belched forth 'the
signal of attack. Then the stortners. Carry;
ing•their laddersand faricineS,startett forward,
cbeering.as they-- r In, and were soon l u st
-amid tire thivk mie Which - rolled from the
Meiienn canon. • Now and then a broad .
of flue •slyrive4 our - gallant fellows lighting
barbilln hand with the enemy's • cannoniers.
On -pressed. the centre of our, -line, aitrt like
*rushing tornado, swept the 'enemy ft
their 01,1,4 hilt bravely they- Attila and
turn our troops 'were driven track. - Here the
'esrvage war dreadful. •-•( If tire .fourteen of
the storming party,; eleven wire . , killed -or
wounded in le .s - Alan fifteen mina •Mean
time, Aain' each - ,i.ing, the fight plogie-,-ed
with g reat, furt..and the front iof
M•tlin del Rey anti Casa-de Mats-were rapid
, •
Iv Pio., up I,itth ilead and 'wok nil in
front of those Ilefenee , the earl/Huge was ter
rifle.. The gallant lite.-Iw-o-11. Was idot. "bile
•eheering on Ids Me . h. Lieut. F,e,ott.fe II in the
frunt.rank. and sho , trahle . IVaite-sunk under
a mortal wound, AniOng t Nioxioans: t her e
was a heavy- loss. of galleir idE l t e ill. Old
Gee; Lt4rv..gray-iwired.liu! 6,11 of 6,e,•11;11.
derez - Huerbt : litld 1t1eA.14.41 , 4,' itll Itel:llmi4j.4l4
.offieers. fought their last tight upon 'the t ant
pail aof Opst• de Mum - -
But-direful rot xns the .pontiiet, no power
-eould.stav the Saiates:ced arm. Ov e r
broken-ground.,mcd 'bloody rtx tniutrts, in the
laze of ire and. steel, ,tile • American t roor
Dressed foiward. , tintaptin.?lte loud bodies
of friend and foe heneut Ir theft fret. tinttl coy-
-eyed whit the «tains of battle, they wood
=wham...upon tte. Mexican fortifications.—
'Obi it was a glorious moment alien,-as the
'smok e tolled away, the %tars at td , tripes wew
seen sta.ing from the Mexican flAg staff,
proud einlilerng of American valor. '
But vie did. not ittend.to describe the hat
ftie,of del -Rey at- Slowly the"
remnant of the American fore* retired from
the hard earned 'field, and upon the Ninth
legittient devulved ttiat must painful of , all do
utakburring tlie'dead, tints picking up the
- wounded. About sunset the labor commenc
-ed.:. &me six hundred men; ...divided into
innall.parties, pursued the trielanetioly duty.
Dayladed, but-the !nom, 'soon rising. shed
ti pale sipulchral light over the Scene, whirl
tiri man could eotiteniplate without e.thrin
.of horror. •Cfver-a-large expense :of ground
the bodies ,of the dead-.:aid wounded:l anew
nente,thickly stiffen,, .itte Ost,orne •te butv .
dretiZorr•ett rinight -he feinted within the
" 1 11411 Of # k!!' ierdi sandy soil
Tas wet with human gore. Litrge pits were
dug, and friend and foe found - a soldier's
gave together. Death had - abolished ail dis
tinction. American and Mexican, who a few
hours btfore wete striking. for each other's
. •
lives, and now lay fivaeefolly side. by side,
their animosity subitueci. Ambulances and
wagons roiled away to the temporary
tal filled with wounded men, whose groans
of anguisli were awful to hear.
It Wil:4 while the work of burial pro'gressed
that a Lieweliant, in charge of a 'small party,
came to a ravine not far removed from the
main line of amp k, through which ran a
bubblitig brook. Many tiountirti- men had
crowded to the banks - of this stream to slake
that terrible thirst which 'a Severe wound al•
ways induces. As the party were collecting
scch'injured soldierS its would bear remov
ing, the wail of au infant suddenly attracted
rhehymeminOS attention. trii listened, and
agaitt,t he sound Came faintly on - his ear, so
plain, however, that there , was noint-taking
its source. & w eb was instAoly made ;don! ,
the margin Of the brook, and in a. few mto
Meats it sight was disclosed at, which even
the most Itaidened heart grew faint. Two
dead bodies lay upon the smt, a •few feet
from the water's edge.. One, a young Mexi ,
can artilleryman, a Luse bend was badly
crushed, apparently by a I.,rge shot,the other :
a young. and troy beautiful Mexican girl,
flom•winr-e heck a tivulet of Mack blood was
yet oozin, fora musket ball bad penetrated
the jugitho vein. The young man lay upon .
his back, apparently just as he fell, while the
position" of the w•uniau indicated that she m
coved the laud wound while kni.eling by
his side. -But this was net all. Narked, and
all dabbled Over with the gore of its parents,
an infant, evidently about three moutls•ol.l,
was )ying upon the breast of its dead mtuli
er, waihng, and graspiug with its little hands
her haig,' black hair, whi.•h was damp with
the cold night dew. Oh i it was picture
which made the heart .swell with emotions of
deep for utterance—the helples.,
Docent babe stained with irm mother's blOtel
Often have we thought of the ,4 readfithscene,
for it was a picture never to be forgotten.—
The_gloooly battle field strewn will! the dead
and dying; the brook tnurmurit* gleefully
along, unmindful of its bloody ripples; the
groups of soldiers standing wilt' their spa d •••
and picks around those tlead parents and the
babe, and over all the moon .beaming with :
ghastly glare, form.ed a striking scene for the
diem) pattiotma of war I
The maw had • probably met his death
while searching fur water, as a leather buck
et—such as is attached to an attiliery car
riagel—was lying near by.. The young wo
n►an must have received a chance shotov hile
bending over her husbati.t's •bo t ly —for the
Mexican women. with heroic devotion, often
followed their husbands or lovers into battle.
The. Lieutenant, giving orders that the two
bodies should be interred in one grave. wrap
ped Ale. babe in a blanket, and in comiany
' of two of his men, started in search of au
ambulamie„intending to. send the little or
phan to a Mexican camp. He had no: pro
ceeded fir when two Mexican friars were
liscovered pole ling, as was their custom,
among the dead bodies, in-search of plunder.
qrder mg them to desist, the officer related
tre scene be had just witnessed, and in con
citision offered one of the priests a liberal re
ward if he would take the babe
_in safer) , to
the camp of his countrymen. The priest as
sented with alacrity, -and receiving the re
ward took the infant and turned awry.. With
a consciousness of having fulfilled the dic
tates of.humanity, the Lieutenant prepared
to Jun his party again. He bad taken but
a* . tw -steps,. however, before an exclamation
of horror front one of his companions carved
hint turn quickly, and as he did so, they
bounded from his side in pursuit of the two
priests who' were 'uniting towards the Mex;•
lean lines. A sudden suspicion •of horrible
import *danced through the officer's mind in
an itimant,4and called on his men to fire on
the fugitives if they did nut stop. .he looked.
earnestly along his track, and soon eis.cov
er
td the reason of their companion's conduct ;
for. thrown down amid a heap of cornses.was
the dead infant,. with a ba:%onet . compleely
driven through its Loft I The Inhuman
wretch, to whom the officer had confide.d his
little enrage, had nut proceed..d a dozen
yards before committing the atrocious deed.
The pu , suit was suc.-esstul. and in a few too•
ments kith friars were bnatglit back rrem
blimr and in broken English !.*-gird fur
)lltt jusiire was quit-1: and sure. 'A
-file of uvriwere soon on the g - round. Ft e
minute' for prayers," said tlo Lieutenant,
looking at hi- IA:4;e1/—! . .6te
bloody --coundrels.! ,Sergeant. tie their hands. -
- Men, 'for vett pares in fr,mt. Those ra
derswere quickly ob.-red, the victim: mean
rirne be ll gAng for their lives-. "Four time is
up" a,ul the I! is no use—a until
wbo would murder an ,an infant deserves
'worse than death. Are you ready sergertn , . r
" Yes, sir," War , the .• The. u God have
illy c% on the souls' of these villains.. Pla
_train t ready. a'rn. fire f" A sitar p report rang
out _plin tite . still night air, and the two hi
-ars %ere dead men.
. .
A TR AITO R... 6 RE.* A kr).— Yoe k Gazette,
in notictitg
. 71 visit of Mettear..one of the Dtim
ocratie'tn,Mhers :of .lie-Legislat use who co.
•ted for. (.I.ituntott;;for -United States Senator,
to Ws i luane l itt, lila County, Fars lie ins a
brief stay Underwood'a . tavern. during
ItiO) time lie was .frecpwttilY • : t;'d with
"Huzu for the traitor." . .4-1)own with Men
var.!' eke. When Cher left the tavern, thew
haul gone but a few yards heforethey reeeis ,
shower of. eggs from the bands of the
tmstatulers, which' repated at various
Owes along the street. He passed through
town next day cat Lis .return . to Ilarri..burg,
Le made no stop but slunk along liken. nasty
dug when, caught killing sheep.
„ f ar- Mr..” raid _ a talVatoupshoublera.l tad
from the vomit/. to a policeman at. the door ,
of Barnum's ruusetint, one der last, week, 1
VAlculate you keep this show. flow large is ,
that, air lire whale you aliverti,qi to be seen
beret. Ibgenough to : swallow a hull town,
spcs.e., aim
4 4 1741Q' was the reply of the msg. "1
reciter' le can't ;mallow Any , more town!' on-
;.- lie .hixr got rid of
,the it thee^ in low."
..!Oitiett cr ied, the green-horn. with eyes
-pr, tar enough_ to., hang your het , on.
"Then be s ;mellowed a city I Dew tell I
mortal snaker Mottrityr
t - Spe:rota•asity," relied , the -offit,•er, and
littrriedmff, to help a , rattly mutate aetoto
tee cromd4d therouglifsre, •
• - ••
6 4 WE AZLE ALL EQUAL. BEFORE GOD AND THE, CONSTITVTiON.”—Jantes Unchanani
entrust, Ausilutanird aun.tn, Penit'a, TAjurshil arc 12, - 1857
711 E GREAT D.fil IN WA S BING TON.
INACGI4ZATI4N OF
JAMES BUCHANAN,
Fifteenth Pre,tdent' of the united States.
Washentort, March 4th; 1357.—A brighter
day sOdunni dawned upon
.the Fedelal city
than this 41h of Match 1357, which wan to
wittiesm the retirement of Franklin Pietre and
the accession of Jatnes Iluchnnan, to the
Presidency of the 'United Stato. The sun
rose clear in an unclouded sky. The air was
cool, without 11.4n,9; uncomfortably cold, and
tbuse who remembered the 'chill atmosphere,.
the murky sky, aid the snow storm that dis
'finguilied Oe inauguration day of Franklin
Pierce. could not rail to draw a favorable
omon from the pleasabt eor.trast of 'tbia r kz.
The city lia4 been .filling up with strangers
from all . parts of The Union for a week or two,
and )esketday and this morning, many thou.
-and , arrived liv the trains and steamboats.
Last. nigh'', there . were thiresands who tn
eait,'ped in pailurs, dining rooms, and
;Tar merits, the sleeping roams of th#.publie
end pii‘ate imu-es Wing' totally utierittal to
%fie nerotnnhaiatitin .of the vast multit oat..
The event of. the night was Ihe Derma:rail('
-I tia tign ra 101 l Bali, given II the Twelfth
Waal Deutoetatic As.s,velation of Philmiel-
phut. I:. took place at Carusi's S f aloon. The
tickets were five dollars, - and the proceeds
‘‘ ere f.ar the beatafi: of the poor of Washington
city: A large nai:celhaneons company was
resent, and the Pre - dent and Vice Plesident
elect were present for a short time, being re
ceived with :acclamation un thek arrival.
There - V1 rre in the course of the evening sa
lutes fired; rocket- dit-eharged, and various
her dentonstiations in.view of the coining
The city woke early -this morning, being
aroused by new salutes and the ringiti7 of
bells. The stiects were sOon 'slive . with 'nor..
ing multitudes-Pennsylvania Avenue .pre-,
seined a most animated appearance. .Flags
eased from all the bitilding4 and
Crum many private 'anises._ The movement..
of nubility. companies,. preparing to take
their places in the line a procession, gave a
particularly lively chat acter to the following:
The Lanettster . Fencibles,Captain Duchmun
the special escort front Wheatland); the
City -, Guard; t-/Ae Charlestown (Ma , ...) City
Guard; the Aubutu (N. Y.)"Willaul Guard s ;
the Albany (N. Y.) Buiges-: Culp.; the Cunt
he.land comineni:ds, Captain Thurston ;
the Allegheny Guard-, Captain Schley ; the.
Richmond Montgomery Guards; Captain
Moose; the 11. chard Young Guards; the
Aleaandiia Rttle.:, Captain llerbert ; the Al•
exatithia Mount Vernon Guards; the P o rts.
mnuth killer, Captain Rteliartlson; the Bid- .
timore LAW Grays, Captain Bowers; and
the Baltruote German Rdles. There were also
the full - owing el,tiqranies 'belonging to Wash
ington- citi • the National Guards, Captain
Tart; the . I'Y:intuit:a' Grit's. enoutin Tov. oh;
the Washington Yeager', Captain Schwarz
man; the lion Pofics,.Caption Bright; the
.Monigoinely Guards, Captain lien; the
Washington Light . Infantry, Captain Davy;
the Washington Highlanders, Captain Watt;
and t le Union Guards, Lieteunant 11'ii laws.
Altogether lire volunteers in the city taking
Fait rn the ceremonies numbered nut less
than a thousand tank and file. There also
delachnienis of U. S. Light Artillery from
Fort Mellt.nry, and a corp-e o f seine three,
hundred U• S. Marines. -They . were. :thunder
the command et General John-A. Quitman.
The streets were further eel veiled by the
rxpai movements .1 eh, Marshals. and their
d panes. These numbered altogether nearly
two hundred men from all parts of the Union. '
The Marshal-in-chief and aids were de
:iguate:b ht
ellow scarfs, witlr • whitel
rosettes, and blue 'saddle . cloths, with gilt
edging. The marshals were designated by
blue scatfs and white rosettes, and white sad
dle covers termed with.blue. And they ear
ned a baton two feet long, of blue color, with
gilt ends about two inches deep. The assis
tant • marshals wore pink i.carfs with white
rosettes. White saddle. covers. trimmed. with
pink. They _ also earried white batons two
feet long. r pink 'end , two inches deep.
The Fire Companies and the various pa:
lineal and civic societies were also early in.
trio. tun. preparing. to take their place* in the
hue of. pioee,..i.m. Toward. nine. o'clock
they end. the military began to form in pro
cessi,n on New YOrk Avenue, the tiglit,con
- -isting of the mili.ory, t e sring on t•ifteenth
-treet. This is clo-e tri the President's House
and the Piddle Itip , rtnetits. There was
ne:tes-unit a good dear of confusion and
111 ffil liming IWO 141 t the procession
g ot into ['Minn' a bout 1%1+1%1e al;14 a and
ridvanced down Pellit.vkania Atenue. Its
ppeas a nee, as a pi pillar demonstration, wit h
iird, the trappings and insignia .of royalty;
was very tine,.ar d the - masse: of people in the
.meta e cheer-€.41 fterrently it passed.
• On te4c•long the National Hotel there Was
and- Mitt a - short .relay an elegant
harirtsche,- dr tan by -four ho , se., containing-
Prestdent and Ii e.President elect, joined
the puce-slow immediately in the rear ot
, the inditary: The Vise President elect
was also in an open carriage, with' sev
eral other gentlemen, aathe two ea/linges
were surrounded the Keystone Club,
preceded by the • milita'ry, and represen
tit-ion try a ;tidy dressed' as the Goddess
.4 Dire. ty on a high platform drawn by six
horses., -followed by a reiniature -o•hip of-tear
cif considerable size. made by the mechanics
of the Washington Navy Yard. The crowd
cheered tutnultoonsly as the President elect
appeared. The 'procession •then moved on in
the order agreed tipon, as follows:
THB ORDER OF PRPCE.q,IO3.
Aids.: • Marshel-in-Chief. Aids.
The military under the eornand of General
A. Quit in4n.
A National Flat• with appropriate emblems.
The President of the United States' with the
President elect and suite; .r<ith Marshals
on their left ; and the Marshal of
the United States for the Dis
trict of Columbia and his '
- , deputies on their
right.
A rigged shil),—an emblem of national unity
• stud power.- -
The Coingkittee of: Artangemeuti of the
Seffiat.e. . •
The Jick.on Democratic
The Judiciary.
Tiii3A iergy.
Foreir Ministers.
The Porpe piplomatigne.
Members elect, tuembets, and ex-members of
Congress, and ex-members of the
Cabinet.
Governors and ex-Governbps o f St a tes an d
Territories, and Members of the .
Legislatures of the same.
Officers of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps,
and Military.
Officers and Soldiers of the Revolution, of the
INar of 1812, and of subsetilient periods.
The - Corporate Authorities of Washington
and Georgetown.
Other Political and. Military Associations
from the District and other parts.
All organized civic societies.
Professors, schoolmasters, and students within
the District of Columbia, citizens of
the DiAtict, and States'
and Territories..
• There were a number of fine military bands I
in the processiOn; including several from
Philadelphia, - Seer York; and Baltimore,
which gave additional eclat to the scene.
As the litre wrm' on .towards the. Capitol,
the crowd, which was.mucb more dense at.
this end of the Avenue than at the other. re
peateJlt• cheered the President :and Vice
President elect, , and they hoWed their ac
knowledgments on all sides.
As the head of the column reached the
north gate of the Capitol, which it 'did not
until about one o'clock, it halted, and the
military opened ranks, facing inwards and
presenting aims, forming what the French
call' a hale." or double line of soldiers,
through which the carriage with the Presi 7
dent and President' elect I.roce to the gate.
Theta they alighted, and were received by
the Committee of tire Senate appointed for
the purpose. There wits an enclosed passage
constructed thence. through' which they
were e-scorted to the not th door of the Capitol,
and then to the Vice President's room.
: IIIE SCENE IN TIM SENATE CITAIIDgr.
The most interesting scene. though on al
small scale, was that in the Senate Chamber.
o%%ing to the .:mail size of the apartment only
a limited number Of persons could be admit
ted •,-_ but these comprised all the chief digni
taries of the government. -The semi-circle
gallery tans filled with ladies at an early hour,
and members of the 34th and 35th Congress
were admitted - to the Eastern- lobby. The
Diplomatic Corps:.was in full force, and the
i Mtnisters and Charges being in their full a
i&ha costumes and looking quite resplendent
i along side a the republican black coats of
the rest of the at-sen:Llage. The: occupied a
Ispace set apart fur them on the left of the
1 principal entrance. ,On the other side the
I. lleads of Depatments, Governors of States
and Territories, pnd some other privileged
persons , were 'accommodated. In front of
the eastern lobby wer(Tthe Chief Justice and
Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, in
l thor official robes. I Various distinguished
army and naval ofT,icers were also present.
In front of the t'zecretatv's desk were chairs
for the President and President elect.
The 'Senate met at 12 lAtlork. On the
the announcement of the arrival of tie Presi
dent and President elect, nil ruse to their feet.
The President anti President. elect took the
places ast , irmed them, and in a few minutes,
all ll'ting littirtred, the venerable Power B.
I:met, Chief Justice of the Supreme,Court
of the United States, adtaneed-with the Holy
Bible in his hand. The President elect rose,
anti then took the oath of oilier, as follows:
" I do solemnly swear that I will .faithfully
execute the office of President of the United
States, and v ill to the besi,of my atilitv pre
serve, protect and defend the Constitution of
the United States." . .
- Those in the Senate Chamber then formed
a line anti proceeded to the eastern portico
of the Capitol in the following order :
Tie Marshal of the District of Columbia.
The Supreme - Court of the United States.
The Sergeant at-Arrns of the. Senate."
' The Cummittee of Arrangements.
The President of the United States and the
• ex-President. .
The Vice President and the Secretary of the
Senate. .
The Members or the Senate.
The Diplomatic Corps.
Heads ofl )epari mews, Governors of States
anil T e ri itorie:, the Mayors of Washing
ton and Georuetoan, and other per
sons who had been admitted ;
into the Senate Chamber.
THE SCENE IS FRONT OF THE CAPITOL.
There was probably never assembled in
Ws - siring:on so vast i multitude as that,as
sembled- in front of the eastern portico of the
capitol. The procession that .escotted the
President and ex-President had, been admit
ted; but all carriages and horses were ez•
clurledfrom the enclosure. There was a count.
less crowd of men, women and children.oc
cupyingevery foot of -pace that afforded an
opportunity of seeing the ceremony on the
portico. Asior hearing the addreis, that was
only etj'yed by the privileged few. thousands
that could gather closely around the portico.
There was a good deal of confusion and
scuffling in the crowd, and many grew im
patient alter waiting long hoprs for the grand
event of the day. A very - s,acions platform
was erected on the portico; on which places
had been assigned for all those who had been
admitted to the Senate' Chamber. At last,
tile procession emerged from the Capitol door,
and appeared on the piatfortn. As the . tall
&cure of the_President, clad in that famOus
black snit, with. the thirty-one stars embroi
dere& on its lining, became Yisible - ohere
rose a deafening shout from the vast Hama
ma'ss,... It spread over.the whole multitude,
and it .Was some time before it could be 'quiet
ed.'Tire President, with hat in hand, bowed.
rep atdly in-acknowledgment of the popular
acclamations.
In the very front of the._ platfortn.waS a
seat to which the Preiident was conducted.
In his rear were the ex-President and Com
mittee of Arrangements; back cf them were
the Chief Justice and Judge of the Supreme
: Court, the Vice Pr e sident and the members
of. the Senate. Then came the Diplomatic
Corpse in griend teriue, and then the other
;persons who had been in the -Senate Cham
ber.
\Then quiet was restored, after, the accla
mations that greeted the:President, .he pro
coeded, at about 1 3-4 o'clock, to delived
•
his Itnugural Address. -.
.INA.IpGUitA G ADDEEINIL'
FELLOW CITIZENS appear before: you
this dig) , so take the solemn oath 0 -that I will
faithfilly.execnte' the office. of President 'Of
the United States, and will, to the best of my
ability, preserve, proteot and defend the con-
stitution of the United States." In entering
upon this great. office, I most humbly invoke
the God of our Fathers for wisdom and firm
ness to execute its high and responsible du
ties in such a manner as
.to restore . harmony .
and ancient friendship among the people of
the several Stites, ana to' preserve our flee I
institutions throughout many generations.—
Convinced that. I owe my election to the in
hereint love for the C i .mstittition and the Un
ion,..vvitich still animates the hearts of the
American people, let me e•srnestly ask their
powerful support in sustaining all just meas.
tires calculated to perpetuate these; the rich
est political blessings which.Henven has ever
bestowed upon any nation. Having determ
ined not to be a candidate for re-election, I•
shall have
,no motive to influence my con=
duct in adrainistering, the Government, ex-.
cept the desire, ably and faithfully to serve
my country, and to live in the grateful mem.,
err - of my countrymen.
• We have recently passed through a Presi
dential contest in which the pas.siOns of our
fellow-citizens were excited to the highest
degree . by questions of deep and vital im
portance. But when the people proclaimed
• their will, the tempest at once subsided, and
all was calm.. The voice of the majority,
speaking in the manner prescribed br the
Constitution, was heard; and inst,knt sniirnis
sion followed.. Our owit country could alone
have exhibited so grand and striking a. spec
tacle of the capacity of man . for self govern
ment. What a happy conception, then, was
it for' Congresis to - apply this simple rule.
" that the will of the majority shall govern,'!
Ito the settlement of the question of domestic
' slavery in the territories, Congress is neith
er "to legislate slavery it any territory,
nog to exclude it therefroth," but to leave the
people thereof perfectly free to form and reg
ulate their domestic institutions in their own
way, subject only to the Constitutiori of the
United States.
As a natural consequence, Congress : has
also pre-cuibed that . when the territory of
Kansas shall be adniiited as a State it shall
be received into the Union wit'b or. without
shivery, as their oWn Constitution may pre=
sciihe at the time of their Admission. A dif
ferent opinion has arisen in regard *to the
time when the people of a territory shall de
cide the question for themselves. This is
happily a matter of but little practical im
portance, besides it is a -judicial: question
which legitimately belongs to the Supreme
Court of the United States, before whom it
is now pending, and will, it is under:quo:3d, be
speedily nudVnally :settled. To their de
cision, in common :pith all .good.citizens, I
shall eheerfUlly submit, whatever this may
be, though it has ever been my individual
opinion that, under the - Nebraska-Kansas act
the appropriate period will be when the num . -
ber of actual residents in the Territory shall
justify the formation of a Constitution with a
view to its,admission as a Stateinto•the Un-
But be. this as it mar, it is the 6perative
and indispensable duty of the GoVernment of
the United States, to secure to every resident
inhabitant the free and independent expres
sion of his opinion hr his vote. This sacred
right of each individual . must be preserved.—
This beinig acComplished, nothing- can be
fairer than to leave the-people of a Territory
-free from all foreign influenee,to decide their
own destiny for themselves, subject only •to
the constitution the United States. The
whole Teriitotial question being thus settled
upon the principle of popular sovereignty—
a as ancient . as free government it
self--evervthintr of a practical 'nature has
been decided. \o other question remains
for adjustment, because all agree that, under
the ConstitutiOn, sla.i:ery in the States is be-
YOnd of any human power except that of the
respective 'States themselves wherein it ex
ists.
May we not, then, hope that the long agi
tation on this subjea is approaching its end,
and that the geopraphical parties to which it
ha: given birth—so much dreaded by the'
Father of his country—will speedily become
extinct ! Most liatipv will it be for the
country when the public mind shall be di
verted from this question to others of more
pressing and practial importance. Throughout
the whole progress f this agitation, Whiels has
Scarcely known
. any intermission for more
than twenty years, whilst it has been a prolific
source of . g rent evils to the master, to the
slave, and to the whole country; it has al
ienate4l.and.estranfred the people of sister
States from each other, and has even serious
ly endangered the very existence of the lin
ion. • •
Nor has the danger yet entirely ceased.—
Under our system there is a remehy for all •
merely political evils in the sound sense anct
sober judgment of the people. Time is a
great corrective.
_Political subjects . which
but a-few years ago excited and exasperated
the public mind, have passed away . end are
now nearly forgotten. But the qtiestioe of
domestic: .Slavery is of far greater importance
than of any _mere political question, because
should the agitation - continue it may eventu
ally endanger the personal safety of a large
portion of our countrymen where the institu
tion exists. In rhat event no form of Gov
ernnient, however admirable in itself, how
productive of material benefits can compen
sate for the loss of peace and domestic secu
rity around the family altar.
Let every Union loving man, therefore.
exert his best Influence to supprem this agi
tation, which, since the recent legislation or
Congress, is without any legitimate object.—
It is an evil omen of the times that men
have undertaken to calculate the mere ma
terial value of the Uuion ; reasoned estimates
have been presented of the peenniary profits
and local advantages iwhich would result
to different States and sections from its disso
lution, and of the comparirtiye injuries which
such an event, would inflict on other States
and sections. Even descending to "this low
and narrow view of the mighty question, alt
such calculations are at fanh—the bare ref
erence to a single consideration -will be con
clusive on this point.
We at present enjoy a free trade through
out our extensive and expanding . country,
such as the world never -'witnessed. This
trade is conducted on railroads and canals,
on noble rivers and arms' of the sea, which
bind together the North and the South, the
East and the West of Mir confederacy. An
nihilate this trade, arrest its' free
. progress by
the geeiraphienl lines of, jeelous and bostile
States, and yon destroy the proeperity and
onward march of whole and every part,
and involve all h. one common ruin. But
such considerations, important as they are in
themselves, sink into insignificance, when we
reflect on,the terrific. evils whiCh -WOulti re
sult from disunion to every portion. of the
confederacy—to the North no more ,than
to the South—to the East tio more than to
the West. These I shall not attempt to•pc.rr=
tray, because I feel an hu.nble confidence
that the kind Providence which ;aspired-our
fathers with wisdom to frame the most per•
feet form-of government and Union ever de.'l
wised by man, will not suffer it to,per:sh, un
til it shall have been peacefully instrumental
by its example, in the extension of dill and
religious liberty throughout'the world.
INeXt in importance to the maintenance of
the Constitution and the Union,', is the duty
of pres.erying,the.Government free from - die
taint or even tile suspicion of corruption.—
,Public 'firths is the vital spirit of Republics;
and histoty proves that when this has decay
ed andltbe.love 'of - money has -usurped its
although the forms of free Govern
ment may' tetnain for a season, the substance
has departed forever.
Our present financial condition is without
a parallel in history. tio 'nation Las ever
before been ernbarassed firom too large tt sur
plus in its treasury. This -almost necessarily
gives bith to extravagant lezishition. 4 pro
duces wild schemes of expenditures And . be
gets a race of speculators and jobbers,' whose
ingenuity 'is exerted in contriving and pro
moting expedients to obtain public money.—
The purity of official agents, whether' right 7.
fully or wrongfully, is suspected, and the
Government suffers - in the estimation of the
people.
This is in itself a very great' evil. The
natural mode of relief from this embarrass-
ment is to appropriate the surplus in the
Treasury to great national objects, for which
a clear warrant can be found in the Consti-
tution. Among these C might mention' the
extinguishment of tile public debt, * reasona
ble increase• of the Navy 7 —which is at pm
eta, inadequate to the protection of our vast
tonnage afloat, now greater .than that of any
other nation—as well as to the defence of
our extensive sea coast: It is beyond all
question the - principle that no more revenue
ought to be collected from the people than
the amount necessary to defray the expenses
of a ;vise, economical
~ and efficient adminis
tration of the Eovernment.
To reach this point it was necessary to
resort to a modification of the tariff, and this
has, I trust, been accomplished in- such - a
manner as to do as little ; injury as may have
been practicable to our, domestic maaufac
tures, especially those ;Oeccessary for the de
fence of the 'country.. ; Any' discrimination
against a particular branch for the purpOSe
of benefiting favored ; Corporations; individu
als or interests; would have been unjust to
the rest ofconimunity, and inconsistent:with
that spirit of . fairness and - evality . which.-
ought to govern in thadjustment :of 'a rev
enue tariff .• But the s i
molderin. of the pub
lic money sinks into (comparative - insigiiifi
eance, as a femptatioi to corrtiption, when
with the spiandering of the public
lands. Ni" nation in the. tide of time has
ever been blessed :with so 'rich and noble an
inheritance as we enjoy in the Public Lands.
In administering ' this important trust;
whilst it may be Wise to grant pottiona of
them for the improvement of the remainder,
vet we should never forget that it is our . car
dinal policy to preserve these lands, as much
as•may be, for actual settlers, and this ',at
moderate prices. —We shall thus not only
best promote the. prosperity of the new States.
and Territories, by furnishing, them a•li . rdy
and ind‘Tendent 'face' of honest_ and industri
ous citizens, but shall secure, homes for our 1
children and our children's children, as well
a, for_those exiles front. foreign shows Who
may seek in this. country - to. improve their
condition and enjoy 014 blessings of eivil'and :
religious liberty. Such emigrants have done,
much to promote the growth and prosperity
of the country. - They have proved faithful
both in peace. and war. - .After, proved"
citizens, they are entitled under the Constitu
tion and laws, to be placed on perfect -clunk
ity• with native citizens; and in this character
I they should ever be kindly recognized. , -
The Federal - Constitution is a . grant frOm
the States to .Congress . to. eertain specific
powers,:and ti'e question whether this grant.
,hould-be liberally or. t•trictly construed, leas
more or less divided Political parties from the
begiOniag. ' Witbotit entering into theargil-,
meat, I desire to state, at the commencement
of my administration; that long experience
and observation - Lave' convinced me that-'a
strict constructionof the powers, of the ,Gov
ernment is the only true, as well as the only
safe theory of • the Constitution.' Whenever.
in our past history,doubtful powers have been
exercised by Congress these have never failed:
to produce injurious and.unhappycionsepten-'
cgs. ; Many such instances, might 6e . addqeed,
if thii were the_ proper occasion.'. Neither .ii,
it necessary for the public ' . iervice 'to - strain;
the language of the Constitution,- be, cause all"
the great-an& useful. powers required for 'a
successful admirostratioo of the Government,
both in peace and in war, Nave been granted
either in expresstertns, or by the'plainest:im
plication.-
Whilst deeply conviriced - of thes.e - tit ths; 1
yet consider it clear, that ander the war-mak
ing.power Congress may, appropriate .money 1
towards the construction of a • military road,
when
toward_
absolutely necessary for the
. de. ]
fence of any State or Territory of 'the U13:1614
as i tist 'foreign invasion. ' - Under the - Consti.; 1
tution, Congress, has power " to . declare *le
-" to raise and support . aratiets"—" to . .iiiii.,...
vide and maintain a navy,',and call forth the
militia to "repel.invasion .". , Thus eadocied,
in - an ample manner., with - the war
. making
power, •the - corresponding :duty : is 'required .e
that " the United Stateashall protect each of
them (the States) against . inyaeion.", .. Now is
it possible to afford this proteetion.tacalifer:.
.
ma and our Pacific posaeasiorts, except by ',
meant ofa MilitarY road through •the ' Tern
tories•Of the United Stites over Iwhicli Met'
and munitions ofWat. may Ite spenVily - trans
ported: from .the Atlantic Slates ti meet : and
repel:the invad,et I —.. • • ,' : ' °" • -
-,ln , the event of a war with a. naval - power
it ocil -stronger than oar . tawth , washould.t,hfm:
hare no other available access to, the Paifie
c oast, because inch , a,,norrer Woud instantly an
close . the route aCiolii ate Isthintis.of 'Central
America. , It is important to: conceive-011'st
whilst the Constitution - has exptessly required
Congress to , defisnd all. tie:::Stated, - it .shoihi
yet deny. to them by -STY: ifsir ,:tanNt_riAqiN .
the only possible reesettby Which One :ll ' these ;
States' Can be ddendoil.'BeSidet(the - g:oreri-:
ment, ever sins its origin,-Lau been' -m''th4e
cot;tstant practice Of - constructing- military
04itlifi'144'-: .5404-07.41-',
• • •
roads.
_lt Might a1..t0 wise 4 to : consider* •
whether the lore-fur tli,- ; c:rsion, which noir;
animates out athOc.Panilic *--
co: t, may not be impaire4 by onr neglect or -.
refusal to provide for- tlir..rn in their: ;emote
and isolated coniiitieo,:,llie - ;00 1 ,Y,
.which the Power : 4 the„giateion this side of. _
the rocky, Mountains can reach them - in
clent time to protect thencagairis4nrasion.:
I forbear for the.present from exyressing an
opinion as Co the wisetitand.emmonii43 mode
in isthfch rfingorefrinient, can lend ia'aid in
accomplishing thii great MOnecem i t
.v c.
I believe that iitianir ut - thediffin - n - ltiea -
way which now ,
l
great degree,- vanish• as;-
and best'toute shall have ~ , been,natisfactoray
ascertained. : ; It may be right
occasion I should make, some brief remarks
in rerrrights an4ard to our rig , itutieis it's a ' 6 - 3'e
4
.r
bei of the great family of nations. - '; ln aoiizii
tercotirseorvith..thern;- thew:are:wet'
principles approred by. our = owit--esperientta
from which we should never depart :.,
ought to cnitirate peace, cOMmeriie
and friendship with 'all ntions, and this, fiot
merely as the best• - metrni' - of- probotingloir
own' material interests,:brit-in spirit of-Chriii-
tiara benevolene.eitowords.lengsr tutforwberer - '
er. their lot 'may be east. .
Our diplomacy should be - direet'imd .. tranir„ •
neither seeking obtain mOre,'firirinOaiiiiiig
less, thania our . due. °'lVe ou i tirebitiih
a sacred regard .forz the- independencer-it
nations, and never attempt to friterfercin'the
domestic concerns of any, milt* thissball by
imperatively re - quired bythn , great
sell-pieseryrition: aroid - entangling' all) {
-
ances has been a maxiin.of orr policy, ever.
since the days of Washington,anditkwisduitt
*lnoue will . attemptto •disput,e.! ;1-
In short, we ought to do justiecio a 1.144.
ly spirit „to, 'n
patiOns,. rid , just ce
froin thein inietnrtr.
- Itls.our-giory lhat 'Othei:tatiOnts
have extended their dominions, by. the 'swan%
we have never . aequired any: terr4m , except
by fsir purchase, °rots in the caw* of l'exesi
by the-voluntary determituition: 1141*4
kindred and - independent 'peOpte
their destinies witri our Own: 'Tire' igta
ftaisitions from Blexicaform: no: exceptiotionir
Unwilling to take advantage of. the AZAD"
of war against a sister Rei/bile, wo,pyrOiiist r
ed these pwes . sions under the treaty'Of
for a sum which was conside.red'itt - the",timet .
a fair equivalent. Our past• historyii forbids
that we sho uld in the future acquire territoryi
unless this be sanctionedby_the laws ofjett!
Lice and honer. Acting - on this principle;
no. nation - will have a - right to inteifere'cir "tri
complain, if in the prOgresfrofeventirwe Shall
still further extend uur fussessions. - . Hltherta
in our aconisitions, the people, under the
protection of the American flag, bave_*oy
ed civil and relizioui liberty : , as well is eqne(
and just laws, and have been:mititented, prait
perous and happy. Their' trade with the mai
o f the wbrld I s rapidly.increaseil, .rind 'tb
every commercial nation hasshared
_lsrgely,
in their, successful progress. I shall new pro
ceed to take th - e oath presetiVed- by the CO:. ‘
stitution—whilst humbly invoking the tiless= .
inas Of Divine Providence on this greet :pea_"
ple. • 4-431 ES BUCHANAN.
At the clo.e of the Addresi, 'the 'el-fires
dens advanced rind offered his coPgratuletions'
to the Prelkident; and' heWas-followed• hY the::
other dignitaries. ' The crowd- , at 'the.--sitmer,
time renewed . their cheering, and the guns on i
the Capital 11111 bellowed out the news that,
a new President had entered upon' his ter
of office. Thesalute'Consisted of thirtir-bia'
guns—one for each State of the Union ? ,,;'•
The ceretiwny being-concluded, ;
dent'returned . to the Senate. Chat:abet! ! . 11 44.1
soon after resumed lils',Seitin the
,carnage,-
and was conducted to the White gottae,'the'
ex:Pre,ident andothers accompanying hniaj
..:The ruilit:try and a -great pnrtion -trithal
prOcession formed again, to escorts 1 11 0 - ,
President and those along with. hiM., to the
Executive Mansion. , •
Bond Street igurdei.
'The Grand Jury have so far- enaorsea' tha ,l
verdict of the Coroner's Inquest as te runt' fiat
-
bills of innicttnent agisinst
and John J. Eckel for the - tnnrder of Dr;-13nr-`:,
dell. They: hive discharged the diughtgravii
Mrs. - Cunningham and held Snodigrps-to .
as a - witne.s. ,The theory of Oeroper Peppery - , .
and of the' facts and circumstances -as
were permitted to , s - ppear before hiat - Meths-:
that Eckel personated-Dr. BurdeP in the'inav!--
ria,,,, , re with Mrs Cunningham,. and 4itat: ahes.:
and Eckel conspired to and. comeiitted the,
murder of Dr: burdell that they might epjoy,
the third of his reported -sloo.ooo,:ahe""aiir
the widow and he 119 be, r , pars ta our beeti'
somewhat shaken by the affidavit Spi-s
cer,- formerly the partne,r of Dv.,Burdell, rbtch
has .been made since the,verdict of til)-•ColY,tt--
tier's Jury, and, whose important testimony be
strangely, and,- we are led to say, Mirruptli'
qdused to heat, although Dr. Spicer ' : le
a -ma
of high and • unimpenched character, :- came
purposely to
. New, York to-otTerit.;. - Df-$.O-..
cer swears that_Dr. Burdell distinetiy,aeante4,
him that he did tharryiMrs.Ctitinitigtiiii, but;
he wanted it. kept a'secret. Dr. ,Spine;.
states that heiiit Di. BuideWs of 4thetili e_.
angrily:accused Ifni. Cunningham beforelini'i: •
of stealing from. him the.ll6oo.note, , 4hritf_itt - •
the .request of Mrs. Cutiningliam,-heiP,444ii
cer, searched , the house . fi3t. the cote. out,' 09u.4 4 1
not find it , - and thnt Dr. ,Burdell 'efteirrardt_
confessed to him that Mni. ;Cunt ingiiani had
taken no note—that he_had onljtabingialutin' _
- with it - to get-rid of" her.. • :,-,-,.. ..,: -,‘„ ::;.',.,, l' •
- Clouds of mystery- still- bank ~ ,orfir, tidsi
bloody tragedy:which:we bust theretit l og l
to be empanelled to try_tbe_acOttOed -will be
able to dispere4ot the guilty,:inty be
brought to iitiniAmeot and the tneonowt-,!W--
tiered from suspiciOn. •.:-. ' ; :',."- - - -''' t'
• The liew'', York papers; ininlgitigliesile
kinds' ef gossip for the amusentent eenel edli-o)
cation, of their greedvvolereonyetetieuelto
hint that another persorria ausmt4 Awf-,t4;.
murder and:that the V 011136
n u& after' iiip.—..l 4- _.
This ' ruttier; whethir; trio im. '
.'Pat holtoi' , iii,
keep up theixeiteMentli*ihe*ese;',.•'- , '• vl4l*
'The notoriety, girt% telbe erseirioiiiirw:
wads
an of witnesses and4estimonywhielObe**-
steou'mulated-sicon4l4vill "readeviititi— ' .-„,..
4
than tirdinstils, dillioulkte : ebtain n,„ if '''r '
iltPirtild 441' PI l i ty illi 01 . W.,44 ' 4 4, .
it will hi disposed of An't4ti'ef ' ' ' - i` ''' -1
, - the ipnblio. mind ; iii loireraittick.' *WI'
. 11 0T04,4- - lltta thi4A boOtql tgel=m3***ltti*A
17 protected:` by_ be Pr° 144
,roPt o.44liPka
isionent° of him 'why ; Muiaerniiitetiiittail it.-
away, • . . - - -'-'..4, • ' - --
ii~~~ t
.. - ... i~ v ~ ~~-
,