of the peritird of theii-enlistment, and permit ting,theM to re-enlist, after a leave otabsence , of a few mnnths without eessision of fay, is highly henli • efician its Influence. Pie tip peentieel system recently adopted is evidently a estinedto 1 ncorporate i nto i &he service a large no mber eflour countrymen Eitlerto so difficult t to procure. Se,verniltundred American boss are now on a three !year's' cruise in our na- I lioual I , t , s is, and 4,'i1l *tern well trained te seamen: In the ordnance department , there is n deeiced and. gratifyi l agindiaatien of pro ' , . . , • , ! ' gresa cre l itame to tt anu to t 1.41 eonntry.— The snag tionis ofthe,Seire all! crf, the Navy in regard to• fur th er improVement „in that I , s liraisC:h-o „tbe seiviee I commen d to your fa - vorable etion. '. • Then w friceateiordered by rontress are ' noes , afloat, and two of them in active service. : They areisuperior models of,naval archilect ure,an with their; formidable battery • add . I ; largely, o the publiestrenath and seetnity. 1 • II con,eur in the views expressed by the Sec rotary of the Department in favor r ef a :still • farther increase of our naval force., .. I Therreperi of the Secretary of the., Interior presentsfacts and 'views : in 'relation . to inter nal- affitirs, over which the/supervision of ' his ',,departMent extends, or clue f i interest and im l Ixortanee. . 1 - • ' • ' . 1 TheA l cgreeitte sales of the publie,larndS,du ... r b ' '• -- , ring the, last fiscal ; year, amount to 9,227,878 acres ; for,which has been received; the sum of V 1,84 414. * ' • Dur,iz4 the sa me perioddhere hake been 10. . ~; • - ,I cated,,with military scrip and land' warrants, 41 and ftir other purposes, thirty million one bun tired thousand two kindred and thirty acres; . , 1 flits making a,total aggregate of thirty nine inUlioni' three hundred and twenty-eight 1 thous:tad one hundred and'eight acres. 'On\ ' - the .30tli of September last., surveys had bee,n - 1 made of sixteen million eight hundred and I ienty-three thousand six hundred and nine y.nine acres, a large proportiou of which is ready ; for market. - •Tbe buggestions in this report in regard to the On:Themion and progressive , expansion ,of ; the husiness of the different bureaux of the IdepattMent ;to the pusion systein : to the ,colonization of Indian tribes, and the recom- . tiaend4ions in relation to I various improve menti in the District of Columbia, are especi ' ally commended to your consideration. '`` -- "' . , 1 .TheHreport of the Poitmaiter General. pre rents Telly the condition of that department of, the go v ernment.' ItS expenditures for the. - 'last fl-cal year, were $10144-,SGB ; and its gross, ecelpts i $7,620,80 . 1! --making an ex loess o expenditures ov e r receipts, of A-2,787,- 04G., The deficiency of IhiS department is • • , thus :44,000 dollars greater than for the year 1 ending Juno 30, „1,13,13. Of this deficiency, $330,000 is to be attributed to the addition al; denoper.sation'allowed Postmasters by the 0,4 - net of i Congxesf , of June ....., 1804.. The mail ;facilities in every part of the country have been very much increased in thitperiod, and the large addition of railroad service, amoun ., ting to 008 miles, has added largely to the it- p cce,t;ol transportation. • ; - The inconsiderable ar'gmentation of the . income of the Post Office Department under the 'reduced rates ,of postage, and its in . creasing expenditures, must, for the present, make it dependent to some extent upon the , •', treasury tor support.. The recommendations , -I or, the Postmaster General, in relation to the • abolition of the franking. privilege, and, his ' views on the establishment of mail steamship 1 Dues, deserves the consideration of Congress. 1 I also call the attention of Congress to the 1 statement of the Postmaster General- respect ing, the sums now paid for the transportation -.. of mails to the Panama llsilroad company, , • • , and commend to their earlY and favorable eonsi'deration the suggestions .of that, officer in relation to new ,cont r acts for mail trans ,ixelation upon that route, and also Upon the Tehnantepec and .Nicaragua routes. Ina United States 'continue is 'the enjof , merit of emit:able relatious with ail foreign powers. *hen my last annual' message wei trans mitted to corr./re:is r twn subjects of contro versy, one relating to the enlistment of sob dies in this country- for foreign • service, and the other to Central America, threatened to disturb the good understanding betty - ~ ;.en the. U. States and Great Britain. 0; the prcl.iress • , . aid termination of the 'former'. question you were informed at the time; and the other is zipisi .1 iu tire way of satir.factory adjustment. The object - of the convention between the United States and Great Britain, of the 19th of ,April, iB4O, was-to secure, for the benefit of all natiops, the neutrality and the common u any transit way, or inter:oceanic comma . nieatian across the isthmus of Panama,which Might be opened within the limits of Central America. The pretensions subsequently as sttted by Great Britain, to dominion or con tOd-o.rer territories, ha .or near too of the rontes, time of Nicaragua _and Honduras, were deemed 'by the United States, not mere li incompatible ,with the main object of the treatV, brit opposed even to its expreas stir u-1 1 - lotions, Occasion of controversy on . tiaisl point has` been removed by an additional! tieaty, which our Minister at ,Londim has ~ concluded,- and which — Will -be immediJ ~ 11L ( elySLIbMitt44 to the Serrate for its consid I eration. Should tbe proposed supplementa 1: arrangement be concurred in by all the par r .t4es to he affected by lit, the objects couteuk plated by the original convention will hay been fully attained. , ! The treaty between, the Vnited- States and ' .i 1 4test Britian, ..of the_ .sth of June, 1135 i, itliich went into effective operation in 3.85, • i . Pat an end to causes f irritation between the. two' countries, by securing to . the Unitel States the right of fishery on the. coast of tlie:Oritish'ilii.lrtli American provinces,, with advantages equal to those enjoyed by Dritish Subjects. ,Besides 'the' signal benefits of trig treaty to a large clime of our citizens en waged i In , a pursuit . nonce ed• to no inconsiderable ae g ree with our xi timid prosperity and atrength, it has bad a fav6ri4ile effect upcin _Other iatorests in the provision it made fdr #eciproeal ,-freCd ow 4 - .. f trafk. between the !Jailed States and the British provinces in Am . erica, ! .The exports of dcimestio *steles to dim : p ror k,ogr o p`ning thol last year summed is ' , J - • s - 1 more that . twenty-twsts millions of dollars, exceedingi tliose of the preceding , year by nearly seven millions o dollars; and the im ports"ns` • o t e ~ rom, dun g the same period, 'amounted, to.uire tht+ twenty.one mipions, -an inereaso of the six millions. upon 'those of the pnivious years, The irniprofed condition of this branch of our commerce is mainly attributable to the above mentioned treaty. ; -; Provision was made' in the first article of that treaty, for a commission to designate the months of rivers to which the common right of !fishery, on tills coast of the United States and the British provinces, was.not to extend. This commission has been employ ed a. p4t; of two seasons, but without much progress! in accomplishing. the object for which' it was iiistituted in Consequence of a serious difference of ' opinion between the commissioners, not wily as to the precise point where the rivers t'erminate, but. in many 1 instances as to what constitutes a river. These diffieultiel, however, May be overcome by resort tn the umpiragelrovided for by that treatr. The `` efforts perseveringly prosecuted since the colnmencement of my administration, to relievelour trade to the Baltic from the ez actiou Of sound dues by Denmark, have not yet been attended with;succesi. Other gov ernmel nis have also seught it; obtain' a like relief to their commerce, and—Denmark was thus, iduced to propose an_ arrangement to all t i the E rOpean Powers interested in the subject; and the manner in which-lter proposition a as recei4d, warranting bier to believe that a satisfctory arrangement with them could i soon be concluded, she made a strong ap peal tO this government for temporary sus -1 peusidn of definite action on its part, in con . sidenition of the embarrassment which might I result to her European negotiations by at immediate adjustment of the question with . 'the . United States. ' ' 1 , • This request has been acceded to, upon the t 1 condttien that the sums collected after the I-IGthlof June last, and until the 1 0 th of Juno t • test, from vessels and cargoes belonging to our inerchants, are to be considered as paid i under 'molest and subject to future adjust ment. There is reason to believe that an arrOgernent, tetween ,'Denmark and the maritime powers of Europe on the subject, will 'soon be concluded, and that the pending negotiation with the Lnited States may then be resumed and terminated in a satisfactory manner. With Spain no new difficulties have arisen, -nor has much progres.s.':becn made in the - ad justent of pending ones. N l l egotiations entered into for the purpose of relieving,our commercial intercouse with the Island of Cuba 0 some of its burdens, and providing for the more speedy settlement of local disputes groWing Out of . that inter eourse,-nare not yet ouen attended with any results. . , Soon after. the commencement of the late war in Euiope, this government submitted to the' l consideration of all maritime nations, two principles for the security of neutral corn mercel • t—one, that the neutral tlag 'should corer enemies goods, except articles contra band of tear; .and the ether that, neutral pro perty on board merchant vessels of bellige rents should be exempt from condemnation, wiir -the exception of contrab'and articles. These -Were not presented as new inks of in. teatic , nal law ; having, h i, been 'general claim ed by neutrals, though not always adthitted r I • I,byt belligerent*. One of the- parties to the war—Russia—as well as several ' neutral poi t ivers„ promptly acceded to these' proposi tides; and the two other principal beligerents, - Gteat Britain and France,.having consented to! observe them for the present occasion, a fakorable opportunity seemed to be presented f 4 °knitting a - zenera! recognition of them VOth in Europe and America. i Bat Great Britain and France, in CO:11MM Vi j ith most of the States of Europe, while , fliihearing to reject, did not affirmatively act pan the overtures of the United States. 1 While the question was in this position, the representatives of Russia, France, Great pritpin, - Austria,: Prussia, Sardinia and 'put':; ; , v, assembled at Paris, took into con. Siiiratfen the subject of maritime rights, and p:at forth a declaration .containing the two . 1 rine; ples which this government had sub. mitted, nearly two Years before, •to the con .lsideration °I, maritime polvers, and adding thereto the Wowing propositions: ." Pi iva 'teering is and remains abolished," and " Blockades,-in order to be binding, must be effective, that is to thy, rnaintained"by a force, sufficient really, to .. prevent access to. the coast of the enemy ;" and to the declaration thus composed of four points, two of which bad already been proposed by the United States, this government has been invited to laccede I;,y all the powers represented at Paris, } except Great Britain and Turkey. To the last of the, two additional propos'. tins—that - in relation to blockades-there can certainly' be `no, objection. It is • merely the definition of what shall 'constitute the ef fectual investment oft - blockaded place, a 1 definition for which this government has al- ways contended, claiming indemnity for loss. ea . :where a practical violation of the rule thus 'defined has been injurious to - our. commerce. As to the rethainigaiticle of the declaration of the conference of Paris, "that privateerieg' is and remains ab014e43,"—1 certainly can not ascrihe to the pciiitrepresented in the -- l t conference of Paris' r any t liberal and phi. larithropic views infix attempt to change the unquestionable rule otman'lline law in regard to privateiting. Their proposition was doubtless intended to I imply approval of the principle that private property upon the 'ocean, although it, might belong to the citizens of a belligerent '`state, should be exempted fronrcepture; and 'had that prepotition been so framed as. to give, full effect to the principle, It would-have re ceived my ready &Fenton behalf of.the Unit ed States. But the measure proposed is in- adequate to:that purpose. it is true that if adopted, private property -upon the 'ocean would be withcfra - in from orie,inode of plun der, but left exposed, Meanwhile, to another mode, which could be used with' 'Demised effectivam • the - 'Aggressive - oricity of west naval powers Would be - thereby Rug merited, While the defittisive ihility d others I would - be retlace4. • 'Though the surrender of the means of pros ecuting hostilities by employing, privateers, as proposed by the conference of Paris, is mutu al in terms, yet, in practical , effect. it would be the relinquishment of a right of little value to one class of States, but of essential import. ante to another and a far larger class. It ought not to. have been anticipated that a measure, so inadequate to the accomplishment. of the proposed object, and so unequal in its operation, would `3.4Jceire the assent of all maritime powers. Private property would be still left to the depredations of the public armed cruisers. I have witnessed a readiness on the part of this government; to accede to all the princi ples contained in the tleclaration of the . con ftirence of Paris,. provided that relating to the abandonmentof privateering can be so amend - I - ed. as to effect the object for which, as is pre suited, it was intended, the immunity of pri vate property on the ocean from hostile cap ture. • TO effect this object, it is proposed to add to the declaration that " privateering. is • and remains abolished," the following ,Amend ment: " And , that the private property of subjects and citizens of a belligerent 'on the high seas, shall be"exempt from seizure by the public armedvessels of the'other belligerent, .except Wire contraband." This amendment has been presented not only.. to the powers which have asked our assent to the declara ration to abolish privateering, but to all other maritime states. Thus far l it has• not been i rejected by any, and is favorably entertained by all which . have made any communication is reply. • 1, - Several of the governments, regarding with favor the prop<4 , ition of. the Unite) States, have delayed-definitive action upon it, only for the purpose of consulting with others, parties to the conferenCe Of- Paris. .1 hare the satisfaction of stating, however, that the Emperor of Russia hai entilely and explicitly approved of that modification, and will co operate in endeavoring to obtain the assent of other powerS; and that. assurances of a similar purport have been received in relation to.the disposition of the Emperor' of the Fiench. The present aspect of this important subject Allows ua to cherish the hope that a principle so humane in its character, so just and equal in its' operation. so essential to the prosperity of commercial nations, and so consonant to the sentiments of this enlightened period .of the world, will command the approbation . of ail maritime powers, and thus-be -incorporat ed into the code of international law. My views on the subject, are more fully set forth in the reply of the Secretary of State, a copy of . which is herewith: transmitted, to the communication on thosubject made to this government, especially to' the communication of France. • ~, The government Olthe]United- States IL* at all times regarded with friendly interest the . other States'of America, ; formerly, like this country, Euro'pean colonies, and now inde pendent members of the great family' of na tions. rut .the unsettled,condition.of some of them, distracted by freqtrent revolutions, and thus incapable of rep:llml I and firm' internal 1 administrations, has tended to embarrass oc casionally our,public intercourse, .by reason of wrongs which our citizens suffer at their hands, and which they are .low.to redress. Unfortunately-it is against the Republic of Mexico;with which it ia our speeial desire to maintain a good -understanding, that such ; 1 complaints are most numerous; and although earnestly urged .upon ita attention, they Lave I not as yet received the lonsideration which , . this government had 4 right to expect.— IWillie reparation: for pat injures has been withheld, others hake beir added. The polit ical condition - of that country, however, has Ibeen s.uch as to demand , forbearance on the' I part Of the United States: I shall continue my efforts to prOcure for ;the wrongs of our Citizens that redress which is indispensable to i the continued friendly association of the' two ! 1 republics. - - 1 The peculiar condition affitirs in Nicara gua in the early part tOf the present' Tear; rendered it important that this uoveintnent should hare dii9lomatiCi relations with . that State. Throttgb its Tetiitory had been open ed one of the principal thoroughfares across the isthmus connecting North and South America, on which a cat4t.amotint - of property was transported, and to which our citizens resorted in great numbers, in passing between the Atlantic and Pacic coasts of the United States. The protection:of both required that the existing power in ;that State should be regarded as a responsible government ; and its minister was accordingly received. But he remained here only a short time. Soon thereafter the political affairs of Nicaragua underwent unfavorable change, and became involved In much uncertainty Ind confusion Diplomatic representatives from two contend ing parties have been recently sent to this government; but,,with the imperfect infor , mation possessed, it srts not possible to do cide which was the government de facto;- 1 and, awaiting -further, developments, I have refused to receiveeither. Questions of the mint serious nature are pending betweed the 3nited States and the Republic of New Granada. The government of that Republic undertook, a year since, to impose tonnage dutiel on foreign , vessels - in her ports, but th e purpose was resisted by this government, as being contrary to existing treaty stipulation with the United States, and to rights conferred by cktrter upon the Pana ma Railroad Company, and was accordingly relinquished at, that time, it. being adtnitted that our vessels were entitled to be exempt from tonnage duty in , the flee porta of Pana ma and Aspinwall. But the purpose has Wen recently revived, on the part of New Granada - , .1 by - the enactment of 'a law to suliect , vessels rutting her ports to the tonnage duty of for ty cents Pei ton ; and, although the lei has not been, pia in for* yet the right to enforce it is still asserted; and may, at any time, be - a g e dbytte.goverrin3ent of th" at IteOublie. The.congress,Of New Granada has also en acted a law,,during the last year, which lev ies a tan of more tban three dollars on every pound of mail matter transported across the_ Isthmus. -The sum thus required, to be paid on 'the mails - of the United • Statei would nearly two rnilibos.of dollies exinuaPy, in dition to the large Rim payable hi contract to the Panama Railroad Company.. If the only objection to this exaction wee the orbitaney of its amount, it world not le' submitted to by the United States. • The imposition of it, howevegwould obvi ously contravene our treaty whit New Gran ada, and infringe the contract of that Repub lic with the Panama.' RailroadiCornpany.— The las; providing for: this tax,Swas, by by terms,.to take effect on the fits; of September last, but the local authorities on the Isthmus have_been induced to'suspend tits execution, and to r.wait further instuctioris on the sub ject from the government of the Republic.— I ant not yet advised of the d(termifiation of that government. If a measure so extraordi nary in its character, and so Clearly contrary to treaty stipulations, and tli contract rights r • of the Panama Railroad Company, composed mostly of American citizen's ; ithould be per sisted in, it will be the duty of the United iStates to resist its execution.i• I regret exceedingly that occasion exists to invite your . attention to a sul:ect of still grav er import in our relations mitt the Republic of New Granada. On the . lSth day of April last, a riotous assemblage blithe inhabitants of Panama committed a vio'ent and .outra geous attack on the premiSesi'-of .the Railroad - Co. and tlfe passengers and tither persons in or near the same, involving the death of sev eral citizens of the United spites, the pillage d many others, and the dest;rnction of a large amount of property beloring to the Railroad . Company.. I caused full infestigation of that event to be made, and the ticsult shows • satis factorily that complete respinsibilitv for what. occurred attaches to the government of New Granada. I have, therefote; demanded of that government that the perpetratora of the wrongs in question should be punished ; that provision should'-be made fir the families of citizens of the United Statea.who were killed, with full indemnity for the tproperty pillaged 4 . or destroyed. The preSent condition or tha IstlimuS of Panama, in so far as regar4vhe security . of persons and property passiqg over it, requires serious consideration. .ReciMt incidents tend 1, to show that the local authlyrities cannot be. relied on to tnairitain the public peace of Pari-1 k nina,and there-is just groaud for apprehen- Rion .that a portion of 64 1 inhabitants are 1 1 Meditating further outrageswithou t adequate { .measures for-the security. aild protection of persons or property having tseen taken, either by the State of Paartma, :or by the general government of New GranadA. Under the guaranties of Treaty, the United States have,' by the outlay df several millions of dollars, collo meted a railroad across the Isthmus, and it has become. the main, route between our Atlantic - and Pacific possessions, over which multitudes of. °Ur citizens and a *vast amount -of property, art: constantly pass ing—to the security -and iirotection cif . all which, and the continuanci of the public ad vantages involved, it is' inipossible for, the Government of the United States to be indif ferent. I. have deemed the dangei of the recurrence of scenes of lau less videnet4 in thisluattei so imminent as to make it tun duty to station a part of our naval force in . t.4e harbors of Pan ama and Aspinw,all, in ord4 to prOtect :the persons and property of the, citizens of, the United States in those portS, and to insure to them safe passage across the Istbrmis. And it would, in my judgment, be un%)ise to with draw the naval force in thciSe ports, until,, by the spontaneous action or the nubile of New . Granada, or otherwise,. s ) 4,me adequate . ' ar rangement shale have beet4made for the pi o . ; tection and security of'a life of -interoceanic . communication so irrport4t at this time, not to the United States ouly,..but to all ether Maritime States:both of Virope and Atneri Mennvibile, negotiationsimre been institut ed-by means of a special cornmis...ion, to ob tain from New Granada: full indemnity for in juries sustained by our cititens.on the mus, and satisfactory security for the general interests of the United Siate. _ In addrcssiog to yo'n my. last annual mes sage, the occasioa.seeMs tqme an . appropriate one . to express my congrat4lations in view of the peace, greatness and CcHefty which the United. States now possesi and enjoy. point you to the state of the various tlepa s it- . merits of the government, and of all the great branches of the pablic seroce, civil and mili tary, in order to speak-of the intelligence atia the .integrity which Pervades tba: - whole, would be to indicate but Imperfectly the ad inini.ttrative Condition of the countrs, and the benefiCial effects of that op the general wel fare. . Nor would it'suffice to:say that the nation is actually at nenee at home and abroad ; that its industrial intereits are prosperous; that the canvass of its maiiners whitens every sea; and the plow of its. husbandman is Marching steadily onwaril to the bloodless contest of the continent; On' citie.s and popu lous States are sptinging np, as if enchant ment, from the bosom of , our western wilds, 'end that the courageous Onergv of-our people is making of these' United States the. great Republic of the world. Tr hese ,resalts have not been attained without* passing 'through trials and perils, by experience of which, and thus only, nation. are hiirdened into man- Our forefathers were trained to the wisdom which conceived, and the courage which achieved independence, by the circumstances which surrounded them, and they were thus made capable of the. creaiion of the republic. It devolved on the next- gimeration to coirol idate the work of the resPiution, to .deliver'l the country entirely fromtile intlnences of con - flieting transatlantic partialities or antipa thies which attached to nurcoloniayand rev olutionary history, and. toiorganiiii' the prac tical operation of the conititutional and legal institutions of the Union.', , To ur, of this gen eration, remains the not less noble : task of maintaining and extending the poweli of tb, United States. - We haieot length, reached that stage 'of thefnational cnreer,•in which the dangers to be encountered, and the exertions to be made,. aro the incidents, not of weakness, but of strength. In our foreign :relations, 'We dtave to attemper-our power to the less happy con dition of other, republics in America, and to 'place ourselves in tlte calmness and conscious_ dignity of right.by the side of the greatest and the wealthiest of the empires of Europe In our domestic relations, we have to guard aisamst the shock of the discontents, the run e, Vitions, the interests, and the exuberant, and, therefoie, sometimes irregular impulses of opinion, or of action; which are the natural product. of the present - political elevntion i . the self reliance and the restless spirit of enter prise of the people of the United States. I shall prepare to surrender the Executive trust to my successor, and retire to private life with sentiments Of profound gratitude to the good Providence which, during the peri, od of my. administration, has_ vouchsafed to carry- the country through many , difficulties, domestic and foreign, .me to contemplate the spectacle of amicable and respectful relations between ours and all er governmenti, and the establishment of constitutional order and tranquility through- out the Union. • FRANKLIN PIERCE WashingtOn, Dec. 2; 1856. Doutrus¢ ptmotrat. tHE `./A.RGEST f.:TRCULiTION IS NORTHERN J. B. McGOLLUM, A. J. GEIMITSON, notitrow, Theirsila . y Dec. 11 I 556: All Communications. Advertisements, and Notices °fai; kindonust. to rce'eive an in sertion. bo handed in. on Wednesdays by . 8 o'clock A. M. Or Blank Deeds, Leases, Contracts; Bonds Mortgages, &c., constantly on hand at this office We also give notice, that we will fill any of the bove instinmentS at charges so moderate as to. prove a s tying to those ha ng that kind of bu - A . - ness:to ho, done. Balm for the Angry, Anonyntom In the last week's Republican appeared very indig,Mint letter adddressed "To tlre-Edi tom of the Detnoerat" over the - siguature of " A Woman of Montrose." Of ,couese v,e regret haying written anything to displease and exaoeratea / fragile being ambitious "to take an votive part in the Politieal questions of the day," and proud to associate with snob . patterns of Tit ihty and moral excellence as \Vilinot and Glow. BLit having uninteu tinuallr we trust that what follows tall soothe the woundetis.Ritit aour nervous and irritable assailant. That " women uho repoblican - sentittents" .should en deatorto comfort the defeated and distressed f MIA" -sh ri4s4ers, is perfectly natural and j t just. If painted canvass, pretty mottoes stud pathetic poems, afford to Grow in Congress Hall And Wilmot on the Bench" any consolation, make their disappointment leis keen and crushing and more easy to bear, then -theb mace presentation and its accent- . panying display of wit and brilliancy, were timely and approptiate. Lpau reflection we are inclined to think that the two luminaries (Wilmot and Grow) need Site encouragement of "woman's smiles" and the powerful stimu lus •of machine poetry, since • the people's: verdict is so emphatically against them. As for our "-great baciolor leader" his situation is . not. half so "forlorn" as "a woman of Montrose" itnagines; - 'hero a election his enemies threatened to give him "Jessie" and render him miserable, but it is now ascertain ed that " Jessie" accompanies John . up Stit- Ricer to Perple:e him in his unwilling retire ment. : Obdurate indeed, must be the futioue correspondent of the. Republican, if not satis fied with cur explanation • of the malice provoking article penned by us on the sub-. jest of the "Banner Presentation." We as- , sure the seemingly intractable creature, that, whether garrullous old maid,- whose natural peevishness. has been aggravated by disap i'pointmcnt, married lady admirably. fitted to. make a . clever, but unfortunate fellow misera ble, or cowardly nytle sailing under false colors we shall not condescend hereafter to notice anonymous scribblers; nor can we in justice to out readers make'rooni for com ments` on-such silly effusions. B. If "a woman of Montrose" should discover thr.t, in the above we -." take unwar rantable liberty in our allusiOnsto the Ladies of Montrose and the sex in general," she will please accept our apologies herewith ten dered. The. President's Message.. ,/ :We print, to-day, to the exclusion , of our usuat ili variety, the fourth and last anntial hfcs sage of. President Pierce. It jtan ably written paper, and should, be road attentively by eimiy citizen. It discasses' In a clear and forcible style the origin and progreSs.of the Kansas - difllculties and presents correct con clusions is to their ,causes. Of course the - Black Republican / p / ress'is . indignant becalm' the President p o ints out the fital.results that would follOw the triumph of a, sectional party. vrT),ki west adviv'eiNfroin Kansas, state thittGoy' Geary had. taken meastirty to re optute the prisonets, who, : Recently,. made escnpefrom Lecoinpton.; that the Gland. 4Ory having-found true bills . of indictment against sareial • pro-tlavety., men, a public_ meeting had been : called, Surveyor: General Calhoun presiding, at witiolt : Goy..Geartand his inquisitorial Court . WeSe., : reputlinte4 .and denounced, and a call 'stifled for .order Conyention. to. meet, at Leavuworth on the lint of December. •. The Jdriin : the ease 'ol Lewis Baker charg ed with the murder of William Poole, die- Distresslag Calamity. On-the 4th, roil: Mr. Joszeit ButrEnnEcto of New Milford Susqu'a Co., was instantly killed:hy' s failing front Trassel work on the 11041;near 'Seyanton. Mr. Butterfield Aram fonnerly of I.lridgewater, be has left a lii-tge family, and silage eirCle of warmly attached friend!, who Will deeply lament his d e mis . e. • (Cost.)' EXPLOSION OF A LOCOMOTIVE—Two MEN KILLED. AND ONE BADLY SCALDED.—An acci dent occured at 8 ocloek, on the 3d, inst. up on the New Yolk and Erie Railroad near &dents, ahput thirty-two miles from Jer.se Cit, by which two men lost their lives. and another man was bad 4 injured. The loco tuntive,(No. 143) attached to the milk train, which lift Jersey City at explod ed itiungiliately after )caring the' stations at Sufferns, and was totally wrecked. The boil; er was throw trentirely actors the other !rack. and the smoke pipe was blown pearly . 300 , feet. .0. \V. Vance, the'enrrineer of the train, was thrown a distance of 400 feet berate :he struck the 'ground. Quo of his legs was . torn off below the knee,:and one of its bones.driv , 'en into a wooden-tie in the road with such force that it. was round necessary to we an n*e to get it loose. He died three ham of the explosion. He was about 26 years 'of age,nnd bas -a wife and child living at Owego to which place his,temains were taken last night. John -Cozily, a brakeman upon the train, who boheded at No. 45 Montgomery street, Jersey City, was instantly killed. Ho was found in the first car terribly bruised, cut and scalded. The car Was much broken and thrown off the milt: Conly wasa single man 25 years of age. ' is remains'were brought to Jersey -City ve. etday afternoon and taken to his late residence.. 11. Carey, fireman upon the train, was bad ly scaldect about the head, face and breast.- lle was brought to the New York Hospital ye4erday. afternoon.. IL . wilr'probably re corer. Three or the cars were thrown off the track and considerably broken. It is stiptio.led that the water was exhausted-in the boiler before taking in a fresh supply - at theSutferns Sta tion, :111(1 the cold water passing. into tife heated boiler, as the train moved on, caused the explosion. EDITOIZS . From the Lancaster Express, Dee. 1. Visit to the President Elect. On Friday last,_ the students of Franklin and . MarNhall College, nu.mbetinm over one hundred, accompanied -by the Oesideni and Taculty, and the Fencibles Brass Band, paid their respects io Mr. , Bnchanan at Wheatland. The occaston WIL.V one of no ordinary interest, .for we believe.it 6-the firrt.time in . the histo- . ry of our country that the Piesideni of the Board of any college was visited by its stu dents to congratulate him on Ids election • to 1 the highest office within the gift of a free peo Franklin and Marshall Colliege was reserved the, honored distinction of being the tint to have the President of ;its. Board of Trustees :Felected its the President of the • Re public ; and we trust thlt it will not. be the last mark of high distinction which the: peo.: pie will confer upon that noble institution, of which the citizens of.our-country and State may well be puma. This visit was suggei:te - d and -arranged among the students themselves,. who With comtnon consent laid aside all party prCeer ences-and prejUdices, and united in the maii-e -meat by a unanimous . vote. The• approba tion of the President and Faculty of:the Col lege was sought and-obtained only after the visit bad been agreed upon.•t rind there - was peculiar propriety in it.- Mr. Buchanan ha:: been the Pre,ident of tlie PrOard'of Trus tees of the College since their fi:st erganiza-• lion, in Jannaryi 1853, and has alivayi felt -a deep interest in its prosperity, and taken' an active part in its :ants while at home r , beside heading the list Of donations subscribed fur the erection of : the new edifice with a. very liberal i:oritributinn. It. was, therefore, natu ral and proper that the students should feel a desire to tender their congratulations to the President of. their Board on his elevation .to the Presidency of the Arnerican Reput:c. • The faculty and students marched in•pro .cession, from the college at - 3 o'elock, preced ed- by the band. On arriving at Wheatland,. theY were invited Into. the general . reception 'room, Mr. Buchanan cordially - received them, one after another' as, they' entered.— They were then funually . . introduced liv the Rev. E. '.,,Gerhart; President of the Col lege, who briefly stated the of of the viS= it. • 'Mr. William A. Duncan of eashtown, Pa delivered the congratulatory address. • Mr. Buchanan said, in 'reply , that be felt greatly indebted to his young friendslor their visit. He had the assurance that, at least, their congratulations were sincere, ,as they, spt Ling from the warm hearts of youth,Which . had not vet had .time to be beeOine corrupted and hardened in the wars of the w o r ld,',. Th e bosom of youth was the abode of ,iiicerity and .truth, and it was indeed altleasure to re ceive the warm outpouring of their heart ; ,7 7 lie said he had alwaysTelt a great solicitude fur the interest of Franktirri and Marshall College ; it was a noble insittution,' and he was pond to be the President of its Board of Direct Ors. Ile was extremely gratified to learn it had fair prospects, not only of a largi ntmilier of students,/buf . of great usefulnes s . •It was gratifying2t / o see so-large a number of 'worthy young ufon already en ruled on its listof students. Uoreferred to: their,responibility.: Hreminding,,thetn'thar, when the present gen- . eiation had ps.sed away, and been gathered to their fathers, on them, the yonng -.men of to.daY, would rest the; responsibility of form in adMinistering, the fume government flthe country, and of•presetving intact - our glorious Union and Constitution. There was not, he said, a young man among'-thero,hoW-; ever bumble hisposition, who might not as pite, with an honorable ambition, to fill the I highest Office in the gift of the people; hut,.l in order-to attain to ,positions,. of honor and usefulness. and distinction, they . must rethem:' ber that everything de.petls upon theMselves. They must carry out their fniurefroto the op portunitiei of:the peseta: Rind parents and, friends have aflorded them rateopportunities for Requiting that linowlellge which' consti tutes p o wer, If they negket or abuse these tippottunittes . ;• if They idle away the ("olden hours allotted for their improvement 4 1 miild; if they are-Mgt obedient to their peofessors,. in all that relates to the good, interest . und success of the..institution-7theui they. might. beas ! ured, they would have cause to : repent 4.14116 r fully through- 1 !Katie - of Borrow oW itr after fife; for thov Conlil - ,rinver tetrievc the past. Mr. Buchanan said he had ..beul ri eullege b(ly himself. and none of the Wet u t boys either, being fond of fttp,hke themselvel. There Were many little :eccentricities in the . • life of 'a celleoe ,fitudeta shat might - be' par. rs, tioned.of ovellool:04, Int there - wits onehabit, -ailtich,-if formed at college! in • early. youth,- wonhl clitigp:thein in after :life.:arat Wight fairest.prospects. He referred to the use of intolienting-liquo6, end, &Oared that it. wo'd ale b.e.ter for that youth 'Whii — eou:raiited tits appOtite fOr - strong,drink - tbat Zia were -dead 'or-blid•bever been horn;' - for- -Ivien-be ultra , 4 *wag mtita vgatiog , uppitiebAk: eatem, SIR. IltrellANAN ' S REPLY . fondness oftiquoy hecomitigAwith him a goy.' erning passion; be Could . see „nothing before him but a life of sorrow and dishonored grave in his old age. Many hrdii, - he ;sus ftware i cOn• Lidered this uractiee a marl:; of striminem,bni ,he ri!gard - ed it as au •Offkinso. that • eannot be pardoned, especially in e s ',. student.at eoliege; and he centlialed'hi . ,i earnest ipperti by ex, pressing belief . ..that none of the. .young men or Marshall: and. Franklin ireta addicted .to this dangerous habit. The speak- - er. then.alluded to -the course and' habibi of study necessary to insure success is is'student'i life. Many yoeng , tnee prided themseiVes in running over a great many book andgia irk; SU perfteial knowledge . of army branches science. _Thia".wais of no practical. use.— . I.Le:would urge tnewto learn thoroughly alt they undertook to - learn—to. aulttire - know]- - 'edge distinetlyand - then they would be_ able to nite it to some - particular advantage in in after life. They -should apply. tbeselvei with dilligence to - Aheir allotted " studies hy. day. refleCtat-niglit'upon what they had thus acquired, and approciriaie it as their best citj. ita I wit h .which,,to engage in: the struggleOf life. lie had met with many men of protni nence who had looked atthe . itidexes'Of many books, and had n general - smattering of-knowl edge;,„but it was all surface work; and. of no practical use.. lie - toped hie; young -friengis hero would avoid falling into this.error.": MT. Buchanan yemarked that his_ erection had. .. been alluded, to, and be might be ezpeeW to say something 4 that point.. lie bad been elected to the high and . nsible office of. President, and be than .. mo sincere. l's_ l tt, ly for their congratu atioi • it w ether the! event, would prove to be a rn ' ter of congrat, ulation time alone can -determine. Without, saying• Which party was right or' which was wrong, the fears of the 4 Father of his Coun try" had at, last been realized, - and . wa now behold a sectional party—one portion 'of. our Union, arrayed in hostility againstthe other. • The of of-his ,administration woublbe to . .thstroy any sectional party, N'3rth 'l3 . it -- .Soutb,- - - and, harmonize.'all the...sections of thatnioni., under. a national. and conservative govern-f ment, as it was fifty years,ago.. Unless this. .4• be done, thn time may come when these see, li tionallnimosi: ies which now "unhipptly' ei- 4 ist mt. , break up the faliest and most perfect fOrm of government the sun ever shone. Dpon. , But he trusted that the same . Power wilds had4 watched over and- preserved suk - irs: : tbe,. Past, will cvntione to smile upo us Ana , make iis a prosperous, united, and I ppy, people.— . in gondusion o be said that i . e could, in am degree, be the ho,nored;instrument of allaying this sectional-excitement, and• restoring' the Government to the principles of the 'Fathers, . be would then feel that he bad . not . assumed' the Arduous duties of the office In vain. - 'At the conclusien of Mr. Buchanan's 're marks, of which Ave have given - bitt a rapid outline, his guests retired, each one receiving a cordial shake of the hand.. After :they bad re-foitned.in the ,o:der . of proccsion three cheers were .proposed and ffiven- for the Pres ident* the Board of Franklin and 'Marshall Collikeand the President elect of the United State. S.. . . . - - .. '7 - -;,• Late :and iftnportant from liansas Tlie Missouri. Pintocrat,. the main organ and general news tyan . ;Poiter for the F,usion• i;ts during the late campaign, finds it siLle to play .the, farce any longer i and comes o u t with 1.116 . 4419.61 g faets ; as furnished by a 'co.treTomient iu tLe Territory. The editor KIN'S • We invite attention to some very impirtant disclosures. which will be': Pound in another column, of alleged frauds Which' have • been practiced . by the' so-called EniigrantAid -So ciesies of- the Noi•th, upon those, 'who - have en trusted -thetri with donations ) to 1 'relieve the -1 necessities and sufkrings in Kansas. ,"For ',sortie time past we have,tiestra tarierts coin plaints and' accusations. , - against these as spec-:• ulating.concerns, nil pointing to the same abuse of trUst., and 'the sauna infidelity of agents, Wlio have only, appealed:to the benei °lent friends 'of KanStia in order to . Peeket for_ themselves the .funds' they may We have never.apprred of - tht4:Aid- Se t her at . the North or the Sotith 7 :- ;/ /We have, believed that it was: a vicious' of emigration, - and not calculate . .4n be. of benefit to our WesterwTersitotiO,(:'for those whom a Pallry advance couldthus induce to • go into Kansas or Nebraska wiresaareely the material . out ofwhicli to take hardy blots— eets or industrious -farmer:l.'. however,' it shall turn out, in additien to all this, that the Aid Societies are unfaithful and avaticioni, and frAul:alent beslees, we shall 'have .even 'still more powerful incentives to discourage and discounterrance them. We c'.natmend the• cointrittnication - to which we lake referred,., and the many signatureS.AtMelted to it, to the attentionnf those eoneeined, and demand in. the name of the destitnte• and impoyeris!ed - nienand women whp haw:losttheir star 'stance in the distressing collisions in Kansas, 'that the agents who have Made Collections for their r'elief'be Ischl 'to strict accountability, and the ;lila and - character of these Aid So cieties be • mote closely examined into.. If they shall prove to be mere associations - of the benevolent, we have no righi tti quotien the propriety of their formation, but if they be merely banded pigeon-droppers in disguise, it will become the duty of'the press to expose and uprOtit them. The hapPiness of a peoplle . has more chitin upon ' , the sympathy of. the , public than the success of speculators in char ity. Nor in this la nzinige do we wish to con fine ourselves exclusively to those atisociatiorts which have been formed in the North :under this title. -Equally. seer criminations• have been vaS•ed time and again in.. our I easing • 'upon similar schemes in • the South. -,and we have no doubt that what. Or 'correspondent says of the desperaiion to which .many wont,- reduced by disappointment in fulfilling the promises made' to them before 'emigrating, drove ra, j thetliein into scenes of plunder which dis 7, ge the cases:of eomplaints against lluford, Wilkes We have • Ir r e e n i t t l i y u i r ?:tb d li i sl it ed I t i l l i e e se Pas c i h s s i i i r a g l e m si r t; and others 'from the South, and now , perform our duty as an impartial ; journal in givingi prominence• to the pieseut disclosures eon -denting the Aid Societies of the North.. In the shape - in which they come- and endorsed as they arelOy- many - resident settlers of Ilan-, , sas, will not do for . this matteite hp pasA over in silence, 'and :we, s hr+il atitiait with some anaiety to see the ex pl a r t ationa that may. tome from the companies and tuditidualsim- • ,ilitatekt. . The followin is the can!'of the . victims : . GxposCtiou of the lious4ll Soci.• . Cif. LAr'ar,...coN;K. T. Nov: '24;185 6 . MIL:EDIrokt -.nth interesteti irOthe -I**lo-‘?(Attizt Torlitory, I woela say to those whe lutitiel e orailq,r- to K . .tiv9ts, oonie on your. f-}v'yirte4.l,;•tsit:•ibility., anti . ttio youknorr w bat to . tlip t *.o i upon, for you•ket.mot4epen cl , thettssitAanee which i$ ptimiiseti you, if Y" Mutt itlAiir th e pronlitle •of the Ranias. Aid °°4lel.Y, Thai is neihkrpnore ttor 100 fhaa 4, specitlativ tnieratiega, itop4 beginni,ll.9 to. end, ore tea )'alikeedem , 4 1.1 . 1 it - er Buie that Me' Aciriesl:, iionritoes shoutd be •(1461)44'na-'loAgtiritiP'./aiiediigllirtsa,t. There •is n4).-itisht'bot. , there are people . who 'heart. !4ticl 1 F . 0414 t•Actv:isq,.thes.4 who gird ai d` toFt z oome person:or persons the pal! - . they
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