----Tine , LlLqinssr-Lanrs: - - •
- X It iss - generally knoWn that the anti-License,
or more 'properly, the Prohibitory- Liquor.
Law, which went into effect in this State on
the ISt of October, coupled with two other
enactmenta,which have gone into etietiterith
In the pastlear, and \are unrepealid',,hy the, •
law of last session, will make arrjentire and'
radical cbange.in our license' system; end pro-
hibit entirely the retail trate in lianas. For
the purpose ofenabling all to atnve at ca
more proper
,understanding of the changes
tittle,made,. we..publisk_ ....ithstrat of the .
ihreelivis whi c h now combi ne to-iforni 'oar
liquor license system. The first. is* Bucka-
Jew a Law or an "!lot to protect certain Do
mestic, and Private Rights." The second 'is
the" Sunday Law ;" the' third, the late ",act
to Reirsin the•Saie of IntomicatintLiquois."
From the provisions of the'several acts; it a ill
belierceisTed that; they aim to produce-4.
Entire Prohibition on Sunday. 2.The aboli
tion of all drinking -houses, and sales by'. the
annill,quantity. 3. , Entire Prohibition nf'sale
toall persons., except temperate aduits. .4.
The, transfer ofliquor selling from hotejs and
.eating : houses, . to stores and other places of
,:btteinps. 5. Noliquor to be sold by unnal
straliAcitgitizens. • 0. The declaration be.the I
Stato;„that, " Intoxicating liquor is no part of
elitellahniteat for man or home," and the,
..bolajPg of persons legally responsible for the
damages resulting from eitliergift or sale.
- - stICKALEVS:LANi.
•:r 'kiln° of frorn $lO to $5O, and impris
-ontneist from ten to sixty days, for wilfully
furnishing intoxicating liquors, as a beverage
by sale;sift or otherwise, to minors or insane
15eisoitt i —L-to any one when intoxicated, or to
any one knownto be an intemperate person,
-for three months after notice from friends for
.
bidding thesame. •
2. Any person furnishing liquer to anotlC
er, - by g,ift,.salo or otherwise, in violation of
.this, "or any other act, is held responsible for
damages, to 'persons or property, resulting
• theiefrom. '
8. A fine of $5O, and imprisonment, at the
discretion of the Court for marrying a person
when intoxicated. , • •
4. A tine-of $9O for the unwholesome adul
teration of intoxicating 'beverages, or the wil
ful"ale of the same. • For the second offence
$ tOO fine, and imprisonMent not exceeding
siity days.
5. Expenses; net exceeding $2O, to be paid
,
to prosecutor. •No action to be maintained
for liquor sold contrary to any law; and
Courts may revoke license, die.
SUNDAY LAW.
• /..A Ape of $5O for each ease of selling or
barteriug of spirituous or malt liquors; wine
or ciaer, on Sunday.. The same penalty for
wilfully permitting them to be drank on, or
about the premises. • ~.
2. In case Of conviction for offences on
two sepemte Sundays, a flue from three to
twelve months, with foss.of license.
3. On failure to pay flues and costs, impris
onment, not exceeding three months, or until
discharged by due course of law.;
4. Constables, Sheriffs or_Prosecuting At
torney, are fined from $5O to $lOO, for refu
sing to inform of and proiecute offenders
againSt this act. .t°
.5. Suits for peniilties . must be brought
. i t t,
the name of the City or County. Any Cal-
Lens of the coupty may prosecute—be a, wit
ness, and receive one half the penalty—the
other, half to be paid over to the Guardians
of the Poor. Any Mayor . Judge of the
COurt of Quarter Sessions, may revoke a li•
cense for violatiou of this act. No comprom
ise of suits allowed. y
Tim ACT TO RESTRAIN THE SALE, &C.
1. All Drinking Houses prohibited, and a
fine not exceeding $5O, with imprisonment
not exceeding one Ononth, for selling, and af
fording a place, inducement or any other ,
convenience,
where intoxicating liquors may
be'sold and drank. For the \ second offence
• $100; and not exceeding three months inipris
-onixtent..- The same penalties when two or
more • persons combine the one to tell and
the: other to funrish a place for drinking, la
for - aiding or abetting.
2. All sales in less measure than a qtiart,
are prohibited. Courts of - quarter Sessions
• may—shall net--grant licenses to citizens of
the United State-s, provided they be of tern:-
pemte habittyand give bond, with two good
securities, in the sum of $lOO, condi
tioned for the faithful observa;nc of all laws
relating to the sale of said liquors, to be filed
in court; on which bond, fineNand cost may
be collected upon the conviction of the 'prin
cipal. The applicant for license must pre
sent his petition, have it lawfully, advertised,,
and the Cobrt shall fix a time when objec
tions may ha beard.
• 8. No hotel, tavern, eating-house,. oyster
house or theatre, nor any other place of re
freshment or amusemeut, , can receive liclnse
to sell by any measure whatever, and no=nn
natiiralized person under any circumstateies.
-4. Druggists are probibiijd from tellir*in
. toricating beverages, except when Wised
with other medicine=.
5. Clerks of Quarter , Sessions cannot ;s
-ane a lieense until the bond has been filed,—
fees paid, and the certificate forni.lied. Fees
for lic,ense, three times the present:Vnount ;
but no license granted\ for Jess thiin $.lO.
6, Perseus licensed to sell by the quart
and greater measure, must frame their license
and place it conspicuously in their chief plane
of buainess, or forfeit it., and all tale contrary
- to this.act, punished according to the second
. _
section.
7. Constables, f/ir wilfully failing to return
places 'keptn violation of this act, fined not
evieeditt $5O, and imprisoned from one to
three months. . • • • .•
.8. Importers__u3ay sell in the original pack
age, without:appmisemezit. and licens; COM
nussia4ed au.ctionners are also exempted; do
nuastic •producers, brewers and distillers, . may
rAI liquors made by them, in quantities not
t.-„mss than five gallons.
Apiiiiisers of license, under this act,are
appointed rtc,cording to former laws, except in
Philadelphia, w.here.three reputable and tem
plate citizens, in no way connected with,nor
not interested in, the' liquor bu.iriebs, shall
La appointed annually by the Court of Quar
t 4 sessions.
- The 'great question in relation. to the\ war I
iskow long last 1 The '`llfissian "ajti
bassador left. Constantinople Dn.:the 22tof
stay, 1853. and on the •ttli - of.Jttne • the En
glish and French fleets received orders to---ap
pach' the Dard melts, and they anchored in
Desika Bay. On-the 23rd of lane the Eta-,
peror of the p,tissia - ordered his army to. oc
vripy - the ptitipalities. On the 27ih the
Porte declara - war against Russias and invi
..; ted - the English-and French Beets to Constan
tinople. On the 2.1 of 7.\''arcuaber the, EmPe
"r Jr of Russia' declared war. agai ust rkey.--
FrenarDeelaration of war was nrulo ,
lfarch, 1851.:..- .
We have come to the conclasiim that the
war las just commend We are inelined
t..., : believe that Niandirill be the - mut—Ace:le
aattne—that die allies will; never Mate
r atlempf onCoistadt. There is no _telling
iiaw long the hostilities_ will , ' last—the Bus
, si:-.os are a_stuborn - set; and are something
ihe Yariliees; thei w'on't eta)! whipped:
sar; Many a, - ,thotiry. - VOQl,f 4py broad
7 '.‘ Wit .4 fact., - , • .
The War. .
L U" 1; t
• tan
ase
Tula/4E4s'l'cl* clokytox us,l
E;B: CR AV% 8.410
:
n**,
Montrose:, Thurittayi7t. 1, iota.
*044 i ivimst i i
Those to pity us 1p wood we de
sire should bring ns somenavo; Weans out
As you are coming into town bring us. along
44 1kpme Pumpkins." ;
Mr. Joutt SuEnatt tells us that he raised
two pumpkins on his - fartn:, iitßiidgeWater,
one .weighing, 501, and the'otiet 481! pounds.
This, we confess; is . hist : fruit 1 Who can
beat it,
' Vr;The Fair put us.. back two-. days in
issuing our paper, and we therefore uonclud
ed to t•ti -to-d ay Vdonday)-:boping that
we shotild'be able today before our readers
the fulliieturna of the election in the State.
The .re t
urps come in soslowly, however, that
we are finable to dolma. Enough 'bras code
to hand to show- that the democrats have
swept 4ho State like a whirlaind,4-electing
the Canal Commkssioher, end probably both
branches of the Legislature. , Where is the
great " fusion, Whig, Know Nothing, Repub
lican party r Where is -Wilmot? Where
is PissmoreWhere is Hemp
. • T . I
stead ? •
• pocket ENckied. _ •
Abel Cassidy, iEsq. of Springville, bad his
pikket picked 014500, at, the State Fair at
Elmira list week.
He vas in the crowd at the Depot-and
took out bis, pocket•book, we understand
to pay for a" ticket. He - replaced the money
in his pants., took the ticket and on placing
his'hand - on his pocket; the 'Money was gone.
It is aSevera fer3Jr.C., who is one of
our most respected-citizens.
Coirection.
In "_Human Ilk" ,No.l;paragraph 4, for
"corresponded' read correspon d. After the
sentence "If the violation is a moral one,".
add The penalty ite,'a moral' one also. • '
In P 3.; Sae "stone" .ietui -stove, for
"absolved" read abearbed ; for" exhileration,"
exhalation. -
In No. 8; P'l., fo'r " tuition" read -.tension.
In No. 4. P 32, tor," agivorous" read:fru
4ivorous ; . P 4., for " properties" . readpropen
cities; P. 10., for "Ireland" read Iceland; P
18., for." bata tory" read :gturtaiory.: .
In Na. 1.;•for " vorkman" read woman ;
P. 2., "nobleman" nobleiften ; P. 3., "where"
_—:ch,e.rice; ; P. 10., "inal
ities"—faceila,es ;P. 1:3., eannot7-0n ; P
genet tlon n,otious —perverted arc.
!No; ti. P. 2, "
acetic-4". 1 .
•
Our nCcounts up to this
all cone 11: in itidicating..tl
Democratic patty in thiS'
large mijittity, -
It is well. ennugh,', after ,re.itts bare passed
to reflect soberly opouli,the lessons they
teach,. to scan . with careftd eye the causes
which. combined to .prOdUce. results,-,—thus
tracing - to the fountain head the mysterious
workings of' politit . .al dogmas npon the pop
ular mind: -* I '*.• * In 'this way . the
characteristics of a, people may he obtained,
their Impulses learned, and the affect: of Per-
tain political.action,in directing _their conduct.
may be judged of. The true patriot, ho whO
mingles in 'lx)] Weal stt i fe' obly from motives
of lasting, good, mid happiness to his country,
- - --,nay in this way lisccover the /valuable se
eret' of centroling in a great degree the fierce
spirit of Democracy, and bringing the crest
Innis of toen -to occupy the position most con
dusive to the success of his ends, while the
mere reckless adventurer after power may
learn a valuable l&son in
.she final rbuke of,
his 'unhallowed -and . dattgerous ache es. " .
'Ono year ;To the I...:§emperacy. of Pe nsylva
nia was overthrown by a majority of 40,000
-..-a majority unparalled in her histoty,—now
she repudiates that majority and records one
almost as large the other way. Now why
this revolution iti so short a timed We shall
see why. t... , a l . , ,
.
The people 4;t* Pennsylvania are distin
guished above ail othersl in ihe y Union, for
their unvarying love of right--fof their solid
attachment tr.Yan cient faith,-:-for their con;
servative idea;, as well as conservative polit
ical" posi Lion. The National Admittistration
repeated . the Missouri Compromise restriction
...iron the,extention of slavery, invlving the
country 'in all the unhappy , eonse4uences of
the slavery agitation. The solid sentiment 1
of justice inherent, in the ininds.,of the ped-
ple was outraged, and the.y rose up and min-
istereil a *stern rebuke to 'what they conceived
.
a great_ wrong..'This, most unquestionably,
wasthe secret of the.opposition triumph Wit
fano-hough the Ktuiw 'Nothing orginization,,
sra-i the iustruii3ent mainly in accomplishing
it. , • /-/ I
_.. . .
-We shall p,r4;obably' he-asked how/we . rec
oncile the above positfon to theisuccess of tbe '
pArty this fall with 1 a candidate standing
pledged' to ;I.lt i e. doctrine of the Missouri re
. peal. The reconciliation is ,both ,vviy and
natural; . As soon as *success of the op
position was •annotinco last fah, certain lead
ing-politicians in this state; begin to build
, .
upon it a found on4tion 'Which to : perpetnate
thO r r POlvert • ILO Wilne3t'v,. Jessisp's, Pol
-1 i
locke,and other reckless and abandoned men,
wlioeeonly ho pti for enceess lie's in - the path
way-Of dirpr).44lnd - l'enateism; infatent %
ted with 'ill° 'Preiect of piilitica - I hononi and
rewards, attomptedjito,overturp. the . political,
relationacrf the Statue-to' Induce everything
to a state of tlirs apt:, anaiihyi that they
' "Miglit'i r mistinet, twin the itilie fold pat
-4Otliiro," a party kulserviOi if` their _.own
selbsl t Aga, mnevccet, ept.,designa. Caring kw
as principle; thei professed anything which
thei coneelved 'hicield ' hilleute ;And confuse
the,'poptileil 4ieconteht ti ',Wi!h:the, cry of
iiii DemecieCy of ctr l tithe - 'their 1 rushed
hoo:tilOog . ‘,,the 0./Teeeey . ofint* sires the
..1. *--„_-_With the arraMeadour
their bp* they embraced an organisation sworn
to preiscribe and make dam of milieus of ibeir
osp race and : color. With ths cry of free:
y
alit .brought 'gaiet bonie the free-soil
14- keeling'
. themaolves to the
Furst of enslaving not only Abe bodies but
ifitfixatictencea - of those whom God had made
as
W fte3 ith a th i e he e m 'ry se of h.es. attatchment to the groat
principles that our fathers have laid deep in
the foundations of the Republie,—liberty of
conscience, liberty of suffrage, liberty to wor
ship God , as men pleased,—they struck hands
with' an oath-bound organization, sworn to
overthrow' hese great principles, thussubver
ting the very_ constitution of the gov ernment.
Excess followed Excess. Professing sympa
thy for the oppressed, they entered the prison
and sought among its inmates a sub
ject with which to inflame the people and
set the laws at defiance. And then to' cap
theclimax of their demagougeism at the last
moment they abandoned the wretched man
(Williamson) to hisfate, not even scrupling
to forge the name of a man too high in man
hood and integrity to submit to become - their
willing tool. -
This may be called s brief of the course
pursued by the Opposition leaders of Penn
sylvania: The navies of the people first rook
ed on and wondered. Doubts gave way -to
convictions, till finally the sober and patriot
ic mind turned away from such a banquet
with loathing and disgust. The result has
been recorded in one of the most cot=
piste triumphs of the steadyand conservative
Dembcracy. that has ever been witnessed.—
Putting Mr. Plumer's majority as low as ten
thousand, and we have-the unparalled change
Of fifty thousand rotes in this state alone in
twelve months ! At, this rate the Democratic
party will next year carry Pennsylvania by a
majority of one hundred thoulandl
r We regard the above as the highest eulogy
that can be' pronounced upon the patriotism
of the peophr of Pennsylvania. ,They have
shown too clearly to be misunderstood, that
their sense of justice cannot be perverted,
their attachment to the institutions of their
iountry weakned, nor their prejudices itn-
Posed upon by the reckless, treasonable pur
i
plases of political demagogues and deceivers.
l'We do not regard this result as I positive
endorsement of the National Administmticin
•
la the re-opening of the slavery question, nor
will the Administration so regard it if wise.—
That qu es tion, in our judgement has scarcely
been thought of by the mass of the voters' id
the state. They have aimed a blow at the
great disturbers of their peace at home,—
tbey have uttered a most potent condemna
tion of these traitors to God and their ioun
.
tty, who would prostrate tore the great tem
ple of civil and religions liberty.--who would
light the flames of strife and diseord,--,Who
seek to , array section against . section, man
against man,—state against state, who din-
curb the repose of the country by invoking
anarchy and civil war, only ttbst their, base
ambition may be gratified with political pow
er Nero, if be could only he seated on a
throne; was prepared to play the fiddle while
'tome was burning- at his feet,—so theft
'abandoned men of whom we have spoken are
prepared to rejoice at the overthrow of social
oider,—nt the prostration of the rights of
tbe peoj lc secured byfire and sword, only
-that amidst all the dreadful strife 'they may
he seated on the throne of power, the revered
objects of a maddened mobocracy.'
j.But they bare been rebuked and the -Na
tional Administration may turn the victory to
niuch good for ihe.country, if they regard it
aright, and do not strive to make it '
a ,personal victory-to themselves, and thereby
try to turn it, to personal political advantage.
rt. ~
51a=
this State.'
writings Saturday,
e success of the
State by a very
Oar readers are aware that-tbeal?ove nam
ed gentleman was withdrawn from the Re
pt blican traket just , before the election, and
Thomas Nicholson- recommended in his place,.
Tlie Whig and 'Know Nothing candidates
were also withdraWn for the same purpose,-
ISt of supporting Nicholson and thus lunar
ring his election.
IThe name of Hon. George Darsie , of Pitts
bnrg, who was , slaughtered by the snow-
N'pthings last fall for Canal Commissioner,
because be was born,in Scotland, was attach
ed to the Card withdrawing Williamson, and
it was argued here by the Rep'ublicans that
Nicholson was not a Know-Nothing, becatr
Darsie wou!d not of course recornmeml a 1
Know-Nothing, Although we know/Nich
olson to be an active member of Order,
yet we must confess the recommendation of
314 Diusie, in whose integr,y we have the
greatest confidence, staggered us, and - we i fi-,
nal ly , , contented oursely‘ with believing that
he in some krayliad'bee n imposed upon.
The card with6awing Williamson, it ap
pears was firs t published
. in the Republican
of this place. Judge Jessup, who was Chair
man a'the Convention that put Willinknson
in domination, superintended' the witheimw
4and "fusion" it Harrisburg, during the
State Fair,and thipapers were brought here
for publication, with Darsie's naenrattached. '
But it setai.s as soon as the Ilepublica\nTeach
' ed Pittsbterg, Mr. Darsie at once published an
article in the •Chroniele pronouncing the ese
of his name to'the card a forgery, denying'
teat he ever signed the Card, or ever consent
ed to the withdrawal of_Williamson, or ever
recommended the support 0 . Nicholson to
free soil men ! But the object ofJesenp and
Co. had been accomplished, for Mr. Denies
,expose of the Gad could not -be generally
circulated in the u tate before the election.
As nearly as 1 e can learn the_ forgery
t
Of Mr. Darsie's name to thecard, we 's done by
~,
Passmore
Judge Jess up, S, F. Cannalt.„ or the &Mum
of the Republican. - Which it was we leave 1
- -
them to inform the public,- for we do not
know. That it was forged we have Mr. Dar.
siesproittpt aiowal, according to the N. V.
Tribune, lissom ss he saw the card. We ex
pect an espial* froin Mr. Thusie of the•whole
affair, and then we shall probably know who
committed the, forgery for the ptu poet) of de
miring the people into the -support of the
iCrioar'' Nothings.
We therefor, leers the Intb)ect till another
ireek - entAlsiting: to& implicate :the wrong
Tenons, hoping that in the mean time our
investigations may bring the guiltT persons
filemegin Election.
. - Blurrier; Oct. 9, 1855:
Returns teen 98:counties - show 13,1156 in
majorities for Johnson i (diem) for Governor,
and 5,237 for Andre*, IC N.—Crawford's
election in the second district secures six dem
ocrats for Congress. ; =
Miters Editorst—SOme time , since, I as
ked attention to Dr. Oomstock's theory illus
tratini planatary motion, the- operation of
which theoty it seemed to me was , calcula
ted to hurl
,the planets beyond .the attraction
of their central orbs. Allow me now to no-
ice his reverse theory. -This he elucidates
bus: -
Suppose a mountain reaching above the at
mosphere or being 50' miles high, and from
the top of this let a cannon ball be discharg
.ed. The resistance of the atmosphere being
ont of the calculation, the ball Might per
haps be thrown eighty or ono hundred miles.
If then one degree of force would send it this
,distance, another would send it another,, and
so on ; , and ten times the forCe _with which
a cannon ball is projected would continue its
motion entirely round the earth.' It could
now be in equilibrium, the centrifugal force
being just equal to that of gravity, andlthere
fore it would perform another and , another
revolution, and so continue Co tevolvearound
the earth perpetually. * * In other words,
the col . triNgal and centripetal forces are
supposed to , be exactly equal. • * The ball
would no more deviate from its path than a
pair ofscales would km their balance with
out more weights on one side than on thcoth
er.
Now, it is not my purpose here to enquire
how long, in the first. experiment when the
ball : is thrown eighty or - one hundred miles
from the= mountain, atniaspherie resistance
could be kept out of the calsulation, since
Dr. Comstock. informs us that the atmosphere
extends 45 miles from the surface of the
earth, Nor is it my object to ask, if one im
pulse (the resistance of the atmosphere being
out of the cslculation) carries the ball eighty
or one hundred Miles, and if an impulse ten
times greater, carries it around the earth,
what. is the , -probable circumference of the
earth.
But my especial want is to know hc`m the
two forces mentioned, which are plainly in
equilibrium can, in -aril sense be correctly
said to be equal. Would not the centripetal
force in the case be the weights of the ball.—
And be this 4 pounds or 40 pounds, would
it not be very much exceeded in fOrce.by the
momentum of the projectile flying With ten
tittles the velocity of a cannon shot ?, If the
two forces are " exactly clue]," would not
the motion (considering analogy.betireen the
circle and the polygon of infinite number of
sides) bit through the diagonal of minute
squares:aceording to the principle of com
pou id motion I and would not this direction
speedilY bring our little supposANiliatilite to
the earth I
te
,The force o e f the su‘l'S -.lto-action upon the
particles of the earth must be much less
-than
that of the earth's attrattipn between its own
particles or upon bodies on its surface; hence
must not the earth's centrifugal force be
much greater than the centripetal, as the
earth's velocity is 68,000 miles her hour !
If not, what can prevent it from straightway
taking its journey, in rapidly converging cir
cles, to the sun 1 - . E. A. W.
Brooklyn, Oct., 1855., - .
Letter* from Europe.
The following is a continuation of the let
ter published week .before. last, dated Turin,
gmlinia, June 25, 1855 1, .—En5. DEM.
There is one striking :peculiarity in travel
ing through Savoy. Fi l ch side of the road
is lined with fruit trees, apples,- years, and
cherries. There are no fences along the road,
none sepeiliting the fields./The flocks and
herds are 'attended ' by herdsmen, and in a
country where labor is as cheap as here, I am
not sure that it is riot i the cheaper way to
guard Cattle drc. At Mount Blanc the herds
men were just driving in the cows when we
got there./_ It was to' us a ver! interesting
-scene./ Each cow bad a bell, but no two alike.
"may iMagine, but I cannot describe the
-beautiful chime of hundreds of bells tinkling
..out - upon that Clear mountain air. The moun
--tain seemed alive with bells; mellowing away
among the distant mountain gores and ech
oing back a thousand mingling Crtdenms.
Mt,Blanc is 14.700 above -the, level of the
sea, covered with perpetual snow at oat 6000
from the top, while , some 14, or 15 , glaciers
take their rise' in aid around this summit:—
Byron - said in his travels through Switzer
lana :
4 4 Mount Blanc is the monarch of mountains,
They crowned . him long ago,
Oa a throne of rocks, in a ',robe of clouda,
With a diadem of snow." • - -
We went over the glaciers to a sumrmk
about half as high as the highest peakochre
we had a fine view of the " diadem of snow."
To go to the top and back again requires two
days with.four guides to a person and a full
equipage of ladders, ropes and rods with
spurs in the end to get over the, glaciers and
'up the ice anditOcks. his impossible to as
ce dat all till 'August or Septenther;, prev
ious\
that time the snow being so deep that
you ca not get through it. ~,,
From 'neva 'we crossed the Alps by a
road built by Napoleon. Much •of the way
it is cut in the - slid rock, built up with ma
sonry on the,low:. side. It is a. stupendous
work amid stupen. .us scenery. From deep
ravines, mountain pea s tower ons above the
other, till their snowy ..ps are lost in the
clouds. -
. I
1% I
\II
HjUa peep o'e \ hills,
And Alps on Aips arise.*
We were one dray 'and night,
Alpo. On the - Wirntnit they were,
to plant and sow. Liirge snow ban,
still lying in'tha ernrices.on the north - sk
the • mountains. Five hours afterwards
were on. iht plains bf Italy, about Turin,
where they were haying and harvesting !---
Sinai Id* of keit were also ripe. Turin is
For the Democrat.
.ossin i g the
fixing
were
le of
the capitol of the Sardinian States trod
beautiful city.
The finest sight that I have seen of natural
objects were the glaciers about Mt. Blanco--
The largest one is about three miles wideiand
said to be ones long. It starts at the top
of the highest peak, and comes -out in the
valley six miles front the foot of the mountains
and is the bead of one of the largest branches
of the river Rhine. This 'immense body of
ice, covered with rocks, sand and stone, is in
constant motion, moving about an' inch per.
hour,—too slow to be observed by the eye,
4et.like the growth of a plant, steady and
constant in movement. It took us three
fourths of an hour to cross it near the lower
end.. Its surface is as uneaven as the ocean
in a storm,. and vast fissures of seams run
through it in every direction,—some of which
are five or..six feet wide. A stone thrown
into one of these, rattles along some seconds,
and then splashes in the water below. These
glaciers present at all seasons the same, ap
pearance, for as the lower end melts away it
is supplied by the moving of the mass down
wards,—the top constantly accumulating.—
hi these glaciers the most important rivers of
Europe have their source. •
* • * * *
Reached here last night, just in time to see
the illumination of St. Paul's Church, the I
largest in - the world. It was three hundred
and fifty years in course of construction, coy
era six acres of ground and cost fifty four mill
ion,
Ime hundred thousand dollati. The an
,
'nual cost of repairs nud superintendence is
130,000. The dome is 05',feet from the
pavement, its diameter inside 136 feet. It is
supported by four columns, \ each 234 feet in
circumference. Now, imagine a chandelier
of the above dimensions, covered with glass
prisms and hung out in the , Heavens ( fully
lighted, and: you have the illumination of St.
Peter's Church. .It ".takes place but'once
year, on the eye of St. Peter's birth .day. To
day I we aiteuded mass at St. Peters', which
began at ten and held till twelve' o'cloCk.—
. The. Pope uas brought in in nth:lir of State,
dressed in gold lace robes and wearing a
mood crown, followed by a , host of bishops;
arch bishops, cardinals and priests. '
[The description of Rome which here ful
loWS is substantially the same* given in the
letter from Rome to the senior Editor of the
Democrat already published, and itig there
lore omitted.—Eus. Dim.]
Dear Friends :-We left Rome last Thtirs
day, staying eight days among the monu-
Meets of a by-gone civilization; and the tombs
of a people whose language; has become ex,
ti net,—w hose proudest palaces are buried be
neath those of the living. We are now . abOut ,
leaving Naples and I have - but a' few M 0. .-
meats io write. We haVe given:up going to
Egypt, Constantirieple and the Crimea, as the
Weather is getting too warm, and the cholera
is raging,iu those countries.: *
Yeiterday we went to the summit of Mt.
Vesuvius. it is smoking yet, 'from the cusp
tion in ;Mr ay. .We Were on the top to see the
tin set, and then carne
,down part of the way
by torch light. It, was a grand- scene, stand
ing by:the crater and lOoking over the bay'
of Naples one of the finest sheets .of water in
the•world. There are three craters on the
top of the 'mountain, and one on the side
about half - way down, frOm which the last
eruption issued. The ones on the top, are
charged. with sulphur, so much
.so that it is
almost suffocating ;when the wind. blows
hard.
,Ilurculanentn, a city near the foot next the
sea was hurried 70 feet by an eruption A. D.,
79. • The theatre has been excavated. We
went. through- it with torches.• rompei is the .
great wonder.- There the.streets and walls
of the houses areexposed, by excavation; as
they were before the eruption. A few men
are at work all the ..time uncoverinff it. :In
, o
the cinders and earth they find groups Of
statuary, vases; cooking utensils, and every
thing of a household or business nature. The
city was swallowed up in the midst of full ac
tivity and life. Skeletons are found with rings
on the finger bones, and bracelets on the
arm's. All kinds of articles are found in per
fect shape though charred to a cole. More,
than-1600 years this city was hurried, and
its precise locality lost to the living, for the
sea that used to flow at its base is now more
than two miles ofr la treading streetsonec
busy with life and business, in one day swal
lowed up and entirely
,burried, with all its
inhabitants. and brought to light after 1800
years, produces a peculiar sensation - in the
mind of the traveller, ..:r:4
To-day we visited' the' cave of Syhletern
ple of Apollo and the Elysian Fields, places
hallowed in the studies of our boyhood dais.
The weather just now is pretty warm, though
I have seen warmer weather in Washington.
My health lias been very good. We are in
the land of the vine, the fig and the olive: I
have picked figs, oranges :and lemons from
the tree,-- : and I have seen the sun set from
the tdp of Vesuvius! •• ,* •
. ' Affectionately, , ,
Maine Electious.
The Advertiser, a Whig and Maine law pa
per published at Portland, Maine, in speaking
of the recent Demecnitic victory in that State,
says that dissatisfaction with - the Maine law is
one of the causes; and . that the conduct of
Neal _Dow in ordering - the military.to fire on
the citizens of Portland is another cause - of
this re.sult. -- The people of Maine; then, the
occurrence we said he hid ordered the mil
itary to fire too soon; and d e stroyed life un
necessarily. ' The people of Maine have said
the same: Be it remembered too that the
Advertiser is a Main law paper, friendly - to
Dow and.his party. Alnd when it• is recol
lected that the Whigs, K. N.'s, Republican's
and all other factious had combined -against
the Deinoerats, She triumph of our party 'will
appear the more surprising. There must:
have been a stroUF feeling of indignation *-
broad to aecomphili such s result.
And now, what ben:ones of all the predic
tions about thodestruettion of the DeMeocratio
party"! So large a Democratic vote was never
before polled in Maine. Is that destruction
Are both the old parties destroyed t All ad
mit that the Whig party is broken up ; and
*udgiug from the news from Maine, we should
• that the Democratic party was merely
ed ope:—Pette Pori, • -
ROME,. June 29,-'55:,'
NAPLES,
.July:11,
G. A. GROVr.
- 11Ptiresasknatrope.
'Details of4he Fall of Sebasteopf. 4,Z
The coriespcmdent of ThA Derfly News,
writing on the eve of the assault, says :
- " The arrangement is dug our attack . , on
the liedan shall not be made till. the Male
loff is actually occupied- by the -Frinch,.- r
Then our atorwers will dash on lo the &don
the French supporting by a \ ainiultsurons rush
upon the small flanking battery. Our assault
ing force is to be composed of the whole of
the 2d division, and the 2d brigade of the
light division, with a first. brigade of a re-'
serve. Gen. Markham of the second divis
ion commands the whole. A general feel
ing of confidence in the result prevails." • -
The following details of the assault itself
are from a French letter dated Constinople t
the ilth ult.: -
The Malakoff Tower, attacked with unex
ampled impetuosity to the cry of Vi ve I -Ern
pereutr was carried after a murderous strug
gle on both sides. The formidable position
was oecupied without delay, and batteries
were established on it with iftmarkable celer
ity. The little Redan of'Careening Bay was
also taken, but as the . Russian batteries pour
ed down a tremendous fire on those who
were first to occupy it, our men were obliged'
to abandon it, to return to it afterward. The
few details I have picked up I send you in
haste, as the Indus weighs anchor in two
hours.
. . .
"Po the night •of the. Ith • all necessary
arrangements were taken by Gen. Pelissier
with !admirable precision.. Orr the Bth, at
midday, our assaulting columns. issued from
their posts and marched on against-the one-.
my to the cry of ' Vive l',Empereur,' with an
impetuosity beyemfall description, and in
spite of a terrible fire in front, and a flanking
fire from the Little Reban ; the ditch was
soon passed, and. after an hour of a murder
-mut struggle, the French flag floated on the
tower, and was hailed. with one electric shout
of triumph by. the :whole army, , Batteries_
. were, instantly • placed posi don, and. we are
itablished - in the Malakoff in as solid a man-.
ner as if we had held 'the place fur a - very
!Ong time past. Our battery poured down on
the Russian fleet a perfect storm of shells;
three ships were set on fire in • spite' of the
'precaution. by the Russians, and- the follim
ing morning t hose that had' not been:destroy
ed by our shot were sunk by the Ruasians.--
The south part of the City was, on fire ; and
the Ruisians passed into thenorth forts.
"Our loses are- severe. Several Generate
.have been killed : .four are wounded.: I'have
only been able to aseertain-one•narne among
- the latter 7 -that of Gen. Banquet., We have
moreover, 4;000 men hors de-combat I can
not vouch for the exactness of this lait num
ber, and at the first estimate is too 'Often er
roneous. 'The attack on the- 'Redan by the
English was Made with the Inmost ,Vigor. : —
They were repulsed thief) times,but each, tinie
'those gallant troops returned to the charge
and remained masters of the position. • The
Little Reban.'of Careening Bay was also oc
cupied, but the RuSsian fire, which inflicted
enormous injury on the first occupants, did
not allow us to maintain it.
" telegraphie.dispatch, received yester•
day at the French Embassy, announces that
the city is occupied by_the allied troops. I
am in hourly expectation of letters from the
Crimea, whicb,l trust, will •giVe me more
com plete details than those I 'now send you."
Your Lordship will perceive:by the long
and sad list, of, the ea:F.4l3l6es; with what mai
lantry and self-devotion the : o ffi Cers. so no bly l
placed themselves at the head of their': men
during this sangcinitry conflict.
" I feel myself unable to
: express, in adi
quote terms., the sense I entertain of the con
duct and gallantry exhibited. by the troops
though their devotion was not rewarded by
a success which they 'so well merited. To no
one are my thanks more justly due than to
Colonel Windhant l who gallantly headed hiS
:column of attack, and fortunate in entering
and remaining with his troops during, the
contest.. The trenches were,. subsequent . to
this attack, so crowded troops . that :I
was unable to organize • a second Assault,
.which I-intended to make with the Ililanders
nder Lieut. Gen. Sir Colin Campbell, who
had hitherto formed the reserve, to be sap
horted by the third division under Major Gen
eral Sir William Eyre.. I -therefore sent.' for
these officers and arranged with tietn to re
new theattack the followiug morning. The
Biland Brigade occupied the advanced trench
es during the night." -
"About 11 o'cliick the enemy conimenced
exploding their niag,azines'; and Sir Colin
Campbell, having ordered a party to advance
cautiously to examine the &dans; found
the works abandoned. Ile did not however
deem it `necessarY to occupy it until day
light. The evacuation of the town " bythe
enemy was made manifest during the night
and fires appeared in every part accompanied
by large explosions r under the cover of which,
the enemy succeeded is withelmwiOn their
troops to the north side bymeans,orthe raft
bridge recently construcledr and which. they
afterward disconnected and conveyed to the
other Side. Their men-of-war were all sunk
durina. the -night. :The. boisterous weather
rendered it altogether impossible for the Ad
mirals' to fulfil their intentions of bringing the
broadsides of the allied fleet to.bear upon the
Quarantine hatteries. An excellent effect
was produced by the animated and well-di
reeted fire ortheir mortar vessels, those of his
Majesty being under the dire.tion of` Capt.
Wileot, of the Odin, and Cape. Digby r of the
Royal Marine ..krtillery.
" This terminates the details of the affair
of the eighth. The remainder of the despatch
es consists of cltriowledgments of a general
character of the services rendered by' the ar
iny and navy, and of the army especially
since it has heen, under Gk.sneral Simpson's
command: A particular compliment is paid
to General Sir liarry Jones for his exertions
on the Bth. General Simpson says Fur
some time past he has been - suffering on a
bed of sickeess, but is the eventful hour of
the aisssult lie would not remain absent. Ile
was conducted on a litter into She trenches
to witness the completion of his arduous un
dertakings.' „
The General adds :' I must reserve to
myself for the subject of a future dispatch to
bring before your lordship the peoidiar men
tion of officers of the various branchesof this
army whom Isbell recommend tpkyOurfa,vorn,
ble notice.' MajOr Curzzon is refkrred to as lie
.iugAle to give 6ore minute dethilsthau the
limits of a dispatch will alow.'
* The despatch only gives the list of ',officers
killed and wounded.
General Simpson'slal Dispatch
The following is the
,dispatch brought to
England by Col. Curzon
Bssoau Savast,opot.., Sept. 411.:.-
"I had the honor to apprize your Lordship,
in my dispatch of the 4th lust., that the en
gineers and artilery (Aileen of the allied ar
mies had laid before,Gen. F'ellissier and my
self a report recommending that . thee assault
should he made our the Bth nat., after a heavy.
fire had.been kept up for two days. !Ilia ar
rangerneutwas agreed to, and I have to con
gratulate your Lordship on the -glorieus • re
suit of the attack of yesterday, which bas
ended the possession of the tonru, dockyards
and . publie buildings and the. estruotion of
the last ships of the Russian` fleet in the
Black Sea. Tb :' - st,stners - alone remain,
andithet.captnns or Sinking 'of Ahem 'mutt
speedily . follow. -It vas arranged thatat 12
o clock ;in the day the. Fiench columns 9f. at
tack .Weire to,leave their trenches and .take
possiissian,of the Malakoff and adjacent Works
After- their screcess had been assured, -and
they weiej4sirly establish - ed, the Itedan was
to be asiatilted by the English. The Batition
Central 1 slid Quarantine Forts on the left
were simultaneously to be attacked-by the'
1
French.l 1 • •. . -
-" At the hour appointed our Allies - quitted
their tritiehes; entered and carried the apfiiir
ently impregnable defencei of the Millakeffi
with that impetuous valor which character=s
izes thelFrench attack, and, having once oh -ti
mined 7 session , they were never dislodod.;
The tri- _ for planted on the parapet was the!
signal to the British troops to advanNi.-- The!
arrangnients for the attack Intrusted to Lieut..
General Sir Wm. Codringn, who carried 1 s
out the dells in concert with Lient-Genend
MarkhaT. I determined that the 24 and 1
Light D ivis i ons should have theinnuir of- the
assault, ftern the circumstances 'of their- bar-
ing defended the battories and approaches'
against the Reden for sa many months, and
i
from the intimate ( knowledge they. posessed I
of 'the ground. \
„. 1 : - 7 :, _ -. i
`i.Thet Fire of Our artillery - having niade as
.much of a breach as possible in.the salient
of the Reden, I decided that the columns of
assault Should be directed against that part, ,
as being less exposed to the heavy fire , by
which this work is protected. •
1 .'1 It vas arranged between Sir Wm. Cod.
rington and Lieut-General Markham that the
a.ssaulting column of 1,000 men should be,
formed by equal numberi of these two, divis- '
ion—the Light Division to lead,a
nd that of
the Second to follow. r They left the trenches
at-the preconcerted signal, and moved aCcrosa
the ground, preceedeAly a covering party of
260 men and; a ladeleS party of 320. On ar
riving at the crest of the ditch the ladders
were • placed, • and 'Ate men immediately
stormed the parapet of the Reden and pene-.
trated into the silent 'angle. A most deter
mined And. bloody ,c.oinbat, was hem main
tained for nearly an haw, and althongh., sup
ported to the utmost, and - thaugh:the. great-•
est bravery was displayed, it was found- im
possible to irtaintaia‘the pwition .t '
RETURNS 1W TELEGRAPH.
•
PENNSYLVANIA. ~ .
Philadlphia elects the decnoeilitie.;.tigket
by 2,0 . 00 majority.
Carbondale cit,
gives the whole democrat-.
3'
is ticket'2s7 majorit , ".
Mauch Chunk gi - Ves BA, the .stitnircan
didate for . judge, 138 majority.
Stroudsburg gives Barrett: for Judge, 45
York CountY= T ßorough of York, -.demo
dratic gain 140. - . : -F .
1. Blair County—AltOono Berough,:_-Awe
n majority 59. ' . •
ILogan Township—Fusion req.
Lancaster City—Democratic gstli 619.. .
A •
SECOND DISPATCH. ,
In York. County the _entire . . Democratic
ticket is elected by a large maj.
1. •
In Allegheny county the Democratic can : :
"dilate for sheriff is elected by about 1,000
In Cambria county the Detnoeratie candi
date for sheriffis elected by about 809 mej.
• •.. THIRD DISPATdH.
Schuylkill Peinooratid
ticket 'cleated.
. •
Monroe County—The . Democratic .major
..
it.y abont . l,4oo.
Northampton County=27 districts :give
Pat terSou Detn., for sheriff 1,059 , Majority;
And the entire Democratic iirobably,
elected. . .• • • r H
Cambria county gives indications: of 800
majority for the Democratic ticket. ••• .
Blair
.County---4reysport gives Arnold
Plumer for Canal Vommissioher , 93, and.
Hollidaysburg 99.
• • l'OLTint DISPATCH '
Luzern() County—Thomas Nichol Son,
Fu
sionist, for Canal Coin missioner; has 159 ma . -
. Wilkes-Barre, ,The , vote, in the
,
county is - close,
`Cambria County—The,, vote, is Very -
'ln six townships Thomas Nicholson has -160
majority. •• - , • .•
Dauphin empty—Nicholson has 270 ma
jority. •
In Harrisburg; :Middletown district, Nich
olson has 180 majority, - . -
Eleven democratic members of th4Assera-:
bly and a SenatOt in Philadelphi*,cOunty.,
are elected. • Two Whigs and .two Donomits
are elected to the Assembly in the city. •
Extra -Judicial Oaths:
No party can don exist. whose members"
ail) only f;ithful by virtue of an oath.
It is - repugnant to all the better feelings of
manliood, to act only "undtir the spurof extra
jitdicial obligations. He who , doesso„ loses .
all self r e spect, and becomes the 'meanest .
thing that crawls - -a voluntary slag.' :
High authority says, " Swear nnt at an f.
neither by Heaven, for it is Crod's,throne
nor by the earth, for it is his &colon?: tag-
ther by Jetilsalent, for it is the CitY of the
gteat King.
Neither shalt thou swear byithy head; be-,
cause thou cant not make one hair, white Ot'
black : - -
But let your communication be -tea,ry
tt
nay, nay : for whatsoever is tno . t. ese,
cometh of evil."
And the prOphet of oldovheit•jealOn „ sly la
boring to reform the world, instead of threats
and outkr, uned reason and argument:
"Come," said the Holy man, " let us reason
together, and we will do - thee-good." -
But. such is not the course of the-Know
Nothing—with Mtn -might makes right, mu -:
son is, dead, and conscience is, flung to tbn
devil !
ills'" commission". like. that OtLetattin,e 11 )-
l!'eriples, is not to reason of ‘.IAI ilk but 'do*
•
•
- -Many honest men' were -originally - deluded
by. false representationsinto the . - Order; snd
now' deeply at their folly. As. coasei
entious - citrzetvs, Wing. a regard to the Cons
.stitutioni, and the laws; they bare- ceased to
attend the meetings, and will vete the Whole
Whig ticket hereafter.. They fully under,'
stand - that all Snob oaths are lurdasinl, and
are of ito 'binding force, either in , moraKot
la w,•—•ito - one-having - a right toadminister an
oath unleis duty aii:thorized by law. Tirthit
free land the •need no secret oatb,boundi
tnid
• .• • -
night. associations. Alt such- are dangerous
and- anti-republican.. Knew • Nothing; f thy
deeds are not .??1/, why,Vrefer idarkne to
[fight p-=E~fchange: *
•
yhorrid murder of a Maxi and his wife bg
Slaves.—A correspondent of . Tke. .2ket.g'
leans 'Picayune, writing frow Th e
1 4 ra i
Sept. 24, flays : • • 4
" 1 have just heard of , one of die most
oiit
rageous Acts ever perpetnitid by ,hornao
hands. A man and his 'wife were mnrdeilet
on *Joint Coupeti, and- a lad about- taxteett
years old,was knocked in the headand thrown
nvvrkroard furrn a flat-twat~. The youatnUtit
was not but swain to the shore wire
ported.the circumstances, and identified - semi,
negroei belipitgiug-to a planter by. the Dane •
of Sneed as the guilty - persons: , 'The -
slaves'.
had either run away , or bad been, bent: Away
to avoid punishment, but the citisenk of the
vicinity required Mr. Sneed to.prodiet Wan