erase k -Pat, gropriztors
Ortmmunitaiions.
FOR THE DEMOCRAT.
intermitting Springs.
• o cuss . Editors:—My apology for trod!)-
, H u g vo n .with another communication on the ,
subject of Intermitting Springs, Will be found
in the article of Mr. Weston 'published in
vonr issue of 22d February, in which be inti
mates that I had promised him some adenda
u p on this subject. In this he is correct. I
made-the pledge, and should have redeeined
it long since, ,but for very numerous and press
ing duties connected-with my school of some
i ws - thousand pupils, and private Cheeses,
w hich, occupying my whole time at this sea
son of the year, have interfered with . my good
intentions touching this subject.
The whole matter, however, has been un
der consideration during the, past two or three
months, when the weather and my engage
ments.wouldallow; and lam prepared to
say that my convictions of tile entire correct
ness of the theory advanced , .in my former
communications, have been more than con
firmed by the complete success with which
mv efforts hare been attended.
I reiterate;Ae!heory, for I. Mu not aware
of having advanced a . " revised theory," or
any other than that proposed in my first ar
ticle. ,True, .I have furnished•a .clue to cer-.
tain laws or acting forces, which have tended
to elucidate that theory, and make it plain,
perhaps to any philosophical mind.
• • In the article alluded to, I proposed an ex
periment. The same principles were' therein .
involved as have been mote fully developed
in my second article. I had repeatedly tried
that experiment, with care and precision, and
I had never been disappointed in its results.
I pmumed that similar eiperimenti petform-
Ed by Mr. W. would lead him to the alme
conclusions as those at which I had arrived.
Dr. Comstock's hypothesis is,. in the main,
correct; but his elucidation is slightly defec
-tics. He has failed to introduce or explain
those combined ferces which seem to be the
motive power in putting the whole machin
ery in action. During his investigations of
the subject, ho may have "experimented
bunglingly," or possibly may have been un
aware of the neees-sity for Other cans, in
producing the phenomena, than those _a ppa r
rent to a superficial observer. How far in
this respect he.may be exposed to criticism,
I leave others to determine. But this much
I will admit, that no . apparatus, constructed
with the proportions of the diagram found on
page 122 of his school philosophy, can eve:
be regarded as furnishing proof positive to
.
sistain-his theory, without the aid of 'collate
raf influences„which he has not attempted to ,
explain.
A,philosophical treatise should be as corn:
plete in all its parts, as the just, limits of a
work adapted' to our common .schoolsi would
allow; nevertheless, an author,. afferloaving
stated his general -principles with clearness
and precision. must necessarily leave many
points in 'comparative obscurity, to be illus
trated and - developed by the teacher.
It is obvious, frOm the absence of all re
mark on that point, that , the real difficulty,
as it recta in the mind of Mr. Weston, never
occurred to the mind of Dr. Comstock. Mr.
W—'s ground of objection is well taken, and
would inevitably annihilate the whole theory,
did not the'invisible-operations, (invisible be-'
-cause within the tube,) of the principles which
I have already, ilia former article presented,
' come to the rescue.
I took occasion a few days since to call on
a professor in one of our collegiate Institu
• lions, a gentleman of superior literary:attain
ments, who remarked, in reply to my inquiry
respecting hivobservations in regard to this
subject, that the fact admitted of no contro.:
verse. I desired- him to explain his appara
tus. He was furnished with what is termed
the "Intermitting Cup," and his method of
experimentirig was to pour into the cup from
a pitcher until the siphon began , to act,
.when
he ceased the supply entirely till the cup was
exhausted. He then fillekthe cup as before
'
with the'same neverfailing results,
, When I suggested that this was- not Dr.
Comstock's theory. and called his attention
to the feet that the rills supplying the reser
rat mut rye less in the aggregate than the
. pan would discharge, be' promptly confessed .1
that he had never before seg,arded the matter',
in that light, and was nearly ready to' deny
the possibility of any such poWer of action in
the siphon to produce an intermitting spring.
I guys him my views in the
_case, as I shall
directly explain them, when he freely admit
pitted their correctness . and 'force, and con
esthed with me in the opinion that-Dr. C—'s
ill ustrati- 011 should be slightly amended.
It la a Practice * quite too prevalent, even
among professional teachers, to take for gran
ted the truth of the propositions, or theories
-
of an author, without stopping to enilaire
whether they will bear the test oirteeson, and
practical demonstration ; and so long as this•
is the ere, inaccuracies and false theorems
will hold a prominent place in our schodl
text" books.
Mr. Weston's critical acumen in conne.-
lion with this subject is' to be . comm e nded.;
'but lam of the opinion that ihe'„ role - appro.
hends Dr. C— when he supposes the species
of intermitting spring alluded to in bis trea
tise to be one of minutes, and not of weeks . ,
or months. in an article by Mr. W— •pub
fished in the llentocrat . some time since,
be quotes Ae language of the , book on
this. point, which closes with the following
, i . . •
11
•
• ' .
* •-- 4,, - , 40 :9/0WAr4?,... - .
1.,;t '. , •
... 1
- " • , . .
, .
I - -
, - 1 • , ~.: -
I .
• I --; II
n--- • - • V/5 ' ' "
• ' -11% . .
i : Pi, ' .. ,' \ ,
,
`.••
• A. ~-,› . ,y, ~ -4-- - 11 l '•
,-, ' l',
, i , . •
4 /
~.1 . .
‘,... \ A -...,./ .
i 20 ♦4 .‘ ..„
. , .
, y? .
\\''..
~ , 0 ) 1, I V - 1
.._..wi" A 14 ..,,,
• t ''..
-4 4„ r W 's , %7( r - : ,),(,,,; -,..,./-
; i , ',
~ 5 .,,,,- . :„„,.; ,
1 , 7 '
0 ',/ 0 .11---- Imo,- .. ; ~ • .%)
' . , ,' lo z
k,,
.. 'I 1 :11
1 .,.... `9,ra,- 4 . .< 1 4p . ~.44P. .-
1.. .... 4, 4
. . .
, A
1 9., f ,,,, ( 1 n , ..• 1,1 :, , i- .., . ~,,,
e ,,, ..1 !...y z ,,,, , ; •
t ' Igl ),e, ~. • .1,
. \.
, _ t < , i *
. ,
Y ',..f, s .4- ... , ,•y, / • •••
• 1. , • -:::,,
4,
' " 2 VT , '//::- - i . 1 ' •,, ' . ...leffil.o;e N'''' • ~,g _ __. _ . ...s. ltf7,,Vyp , ) "4.. ~,•;,,
•
.
, • ,
5,,.,. . . . • .
1 '
, s - ,
s .3 I
I -:. [ • 1 -
.- •
. . • •
. i .
. .
I- • ,
. -
sentence: 'Aland thus 604 1 sp
ment flows With great violen,
moment ceases entirely?'
I eaulpereeiye no good re.
such .a l elo - nsitu4'tion"on this
•
C.— 1 - U4ns to convey the id
has bee 4 flowing,. perhaps to
and a tn'oment ngo was in o
, 1
moment it has ceaseu.
• , Mr. W—'s'intrpretation
. : . . ... . .1
atn
yaance with ia'ws th
ti'phenomena, ''or, unless tii
c se sitnultaneouily with 6 1
e , '
. 1 ; II
th , siphO i n, the time during *
vr uld flow, would exceed tin
the reservoir would &I - filled,
1I • 2
aooygage quantit i of water j
tlin rills as lesi , than that d
ssiphon.i i
I
II;i
oilc' rlwords, the siphon
. i
me enure 'Contents of the
beciins tn . act and also, befo
the entire qurtity that may_
the rills,p_after such action
might op:cur that thejratio of
influx and efflux won i ld be s
one,should bear a proportio
equal to it. ne half, or three-f
tenthi, it i whit.4l..t.se it , is e'
would- ctilatinue much idnger
I havOenTistrated, in a
that the iparts of the appara
small proportion +, in Order r t
A spacious re:ervoir, wit
would not be dispharged. in s
small relrvoir With large sir
ac at all ; therefore, .wheneit
,
on J" that flows with neat v
tervalsrof:reli and action, mi
erable duration.
_ :.
•
: `the seourse of 'my byes
Used a variety of tubes varyi
one quarter of an, inch', ; to
quarter. experinient w
one name, I have fuly.expl
article. iThe largest tube'
influx thOugh a-half inch t
of the 674 !beirig about a , sixt.
Tlies b bes, (excepting th
are of Hui, and exceedingly
bent intor:altnost any requi . .
tier,: they are, tlirefote,;wel
uses.
• It. sglinerally known,:hou ever, thata large
tub cannot be bent atrupill. Without flatten
ingi it at the apex; and fort i..reson the curv
ature, at that point, must n be great
er than pia small! one, . In- 'kw of this fact
I shall Iszi understood. I presudie, wla n Ispeak
of that Ortion of the -sutruik of the siphon,
lying ne4ty horizontal. jlt s quite- probable
that the more ext nded curve of the large
tube 'ai)_ls:'the. prOc s by of
fering a greater e. tent of surface to the capil
lary PrinOple, I belie-e nisi), that an uneven
surface presents attl . .advantage in the - action,
whOr, udder other cireumi - •
regardedjas an obstacle to
'of the flid.. .
Whenl3%"lder flows Slowly
•
uneven sOrface,iti.is re tardec
and at the point 'which is t/
. . .
vaucing Oolittnn, it will be
over that part that ?fists upoi
Now it) the siphonic .tub
Iforce elettes I the fluid above
el, and Wnile it is impelled on,
by the piessure in the inner
I as the fluid rises in the. res
with resi4tance from the, rcli
I ness, (or - tooth) of the surface
until the fluid is heaped ap
at lepgtlx ,.. a prepondemn4e
the 'n'Uteit of the sipliqn , ,
• .
I to flow 19 ithat direction.
It occurred to me, in the
veligatiAns t that thelsiphon .
emir in tithe mountain woi
rough, add possibly dry prev
the sprig, and that its con ; ,
ably' be zig-zag, and quite sd
or its pular. Itherefore g
leg of my large tube a zig-z
result-wa4 that it commenced operations un
der an intlex reducal at . leas by fifty per cent.
This circumstance may be accounted for,
on the suposition that the fluid,„ in falling
through thertube thus bent, was precipitated
from sidelto aide in iti rapi passage, and at
Some,point was, extended e &frilly's° as en
tirely to fill the orifice; then its momentum
. F 1,
was- itistaatly communicated' to the cOlu rim
...:1u....
of air, am) indeed, to the en Ire itonte ts of
the tube above, and beyond hat point. The
siphon was thus suddealy In tied to action;
When, siviti astraight ttibe, t e efflux would
have been gradual and eon ant i just equal
mg the influx. „,
1 li• L nder att influence liite '
Phon of large dimensionsl, rai l
B l ONeCted to an operatiou,l wi
~ I
• . •
er circumstances, t might no
undertake. ' '
Brooklith, N. y., March' 1
, \ -
1A Read linew•N
— a - '.
I Some of the " N icks WI.
are crow‘ing, oonodembly .
Nothing vii.ttory in Sduth
they may, at least so far as 1
time Peace is concerned; for 1
nears to be one of "Nature's 1
as his own acts prove. .A d
lie upon the CkriCof
ff r
of via,' eow.sty toad de 1 aded
eayiv he teriithecl to ter el
titre -'"Applying:to . Clerk
sions for a cOmmi iori fo ,
I:'clice7- 1 Web; isn't i t....:-E tt e
: _
Virb,en men trjr.to get,
Maas from welWoing. they
WEEKLY SOURN,A,L-DEVOTE:6 TO POLITICS, NEW'S, 4TERATITEE, SCIEhTCE, A, ND MCditLITY.
I • :
.: .
5 . Oar the; DeMoerat. '
• Ned limpeOs:JOursal.
ThiAeparture4 a' vietel of Western Kew York
—arrival at Dunkirk—Dunkirk and Erie
City by ntognlight—noble appearance of
Lake Eric—six hours in Clearcla.nct-:-(le
part for Toledo cro:s the River MaunzCe in
• the night-,2r4iVal atiChiceigoon4 a splen
did view of 'Atke - .Michigan on .the-11th of
- lust October. i. . .
, 1
,
' After hidding_adieu to loved tparents; one
of whom I was never to' see again on earth ;- '
and rieturning the sad‘fareciells of Brothers
end
end loved frienvia of boyhood and taking
n*'N
a last long look at the old hottse at home..
with its farnilitu2 scenes of by-gebe days; I
took my _departure with tearful eyeand quiv
ering lip from tlie fond parental i-oof; whose
well remeinbere4 associations. can never be
forgotten—nor never can they -be enjlyed
again—left Oakley's station at a'quarter iiast.
twelve, arrived* 'Great Bend 'at' forty-two..
minutes past ond, P. DI; where I - found my
two.travelling.qiiipanionr„ who: were going
with nie to Illindis; - after seeing; to our bag
gage
' t aml procitriug tickets, the iron horse,
with lightning speed came thundering alloig,
with . a large train of passenger cars attached, '
from the east; pasting on bOard we Were, ;
soon wending our' way with rapid speed
through a most delightful section of count ry- •,
. -
studded here aid there . with noble farm
, houses, large mid extensive cornfields badly
injured by the lohg summer's drongth.. Our •
route lay through the beautiful
.and flour
( ishing towns of pin g baniton, OWego - , Elrnira, \.
Corning; which' bid fair at some, future day to
become large and oppuletit citi - es---in fact there
1 is no portion . of the Union sup'erior to Western
New York, in p/iint of beauty, of .noble and
picttiresque lanilscape, and fertility of soil:
The cars
, were crowded with pasengers, who:
were busily engaged in conversation on v:iri-j .
ous 2°06 cf interest—that of Politics being.
the most, pileclotriinant,—the day! was fine and .
beautiful; the seene without beautiful in the
i - --
extreme. Still _Sad thoughts of absent friends
and -sweet visi4s of the plist I would steal
for a - moment 0 - er me, and disappear again
in a moment of some' new feattire of beauty
1 , -. .
.presented - itself ft.) viT l . reliev log the mind of
its sadness, and leaving it in an extacyof de
light. BO sooit the sable curtain of night
began tddraw its Misty' Veil over the brHad
earth—while th 4 sun in robes ;Of georgeotis•
Ltpendor had distippeared -behind the - western
. hill in all the glary of au tututimal sun-et.-
Stopfks at bloc
, ellsa-ll for ‘upper—artived
at Dunkirk at niacin the .evening. 1../n3
mean—proud etn.Pressef nightshoweredits
!silver rays on the seene, arotind ; as 'we
' sprang from that cars to see to our trucks;
i amidst als:cenelif confusion that baffles de
-1 scription. After:having them p4erly check
ed we'salied forth to get a view of the city,
not daring to venture. too far, as the . train
Was expected in is si:in time to
..to get, west-
ward. .We Spent our time in .viewing sonic
•of the elegant ?and spendid buildings -that
-
adorn the principal streets which being illum
ined by the, rnOOri - 4 brilliant rats. gave it . a
noble and striking 'appearance:. Dunkirk is
finely situated on the banks of Lake - Erie, its
streets are wide and regular, extending back
from the Lake ot) a large and extensive plaint
forming one- of the most beautiful locations
for a city itnaoidable, and bidS fair at no klis
a
is
taut day to become n
.opitlent-and spendid
...
'city. • Left at ten, P. M , for .Erie, arrived
there at one in !the morning, changed cars
here for Cleavland, - which ptodueed a general
rush•anti oite.of..the most ekeiting foot races
that ever fell-to my furtune try witness,—as
fortune woulelnive it we Were favored in pro
-1 curing comfortahle seats—the cars being filled
Ito over. flowingf--hewever the employees of
' the company' pr4cured several More passen
ger cars; and while: they were
. titus employed
we bad a pretty fair view of a large-portion
ofjlie city. The moon shonei bright and
klatitiful, - in t1i,1!.. mirrored heaveni :tive,
1. •
shedding its rays of splendor, in floods of light,
oil the oniet anddeserted streets; giving it an.
- ail. of sclemn - lovilinesS. - But a Short tlistanei
f4tri its lay the torn up track of the Erie 1
Railroad, dqtroyd by the citizens of the City
of Erie, in the great railrOad war that. took I
place here. lAs t sat gazing up the silent de
serted streets. 1 fell into a pleasing revery :
The City'sthotsands were now Curried in si
lent repose, npsl the hum of business had died
aWa v. 'Whilst nature had- drawn her brilliant
mantle ricstOdded ';with jeweils and dia
monds over liabitatioas of Men—and in
nocence and
.eaut_y4the libertine and phi
latithropis re co. , alike, in sleep's calm peaces
h - l__ .
fulslurnbers--hdre my musing was broken
by the loud whiAle of the iron horse, and we i I
were againoni our route towards the distant
city of Chicagcs- s 'epassed over a noble section
of country,'finei adapted for grazing or ag- -
riculttire, With: liege fields of cern, some of
which were greatly injured by the drought.
When we were 4,ithin two miles of Cleavland,
Lake Erie, in alit its primeval grandeur and
r, • - -
majestic beantv,tunfold.ed itself to our view,
stretching its bhieexpansiVe boSOm.far in the
distatice, until Imst from sight amid the blue
mirrored vault .qt' -heaven. Ob,'how beauti
ful; exclaimed alady passenger Apposite, her
I
dark eyes !flashibg with enthusiasm as she
...
spoke, expressing, by her - looks the noblest
sentiments of the heart. Yes, itl . .was indeed
beautiful, end to me
.sublime; for around
Lake Erie elusteti some. of the noblest memen
toes of the past; here. it was thit- the gallant
Teri,' gained hi ;immortal victory, which bits
been the theme - Of song, and placed :his - name,
upon the bright* page of Anuv i tcan history.
ng- at one mo
p, and the - next
on for p i tting
anguw. Dr.
that the spring
days f or Wdeks,
ratiotl,l but this
would be quite
t mist 'govern
e supply should
l e first action of
hich the spri ng
k time in which
'inversely as the
J. .. introduced by
ischarged by the
I must discharge
L-rvoir I when - it
• it 'will cease,
flow in through
ommeo:pes. It
differef4e in the
i ch, as that .the
to the other,nit
us, or nine
idea . the flow
than
the
h rest.
former; article.
us • must be of
act At all.
small siphon,
short, time: a
hon would riot
i the Apring is
olenee," the in
st lse of eOntiti-
igations,j luive
inl size from
ne bleb. and a
sL the smallest
l ined in a former
ill act under an
be, the.capacity
.
of the other,
smallest) which
flexible, can 'be
shape or posi
adapted to such
tafi ce . s, might he
free passage
over a dry and
iu its coupe l;
agent to the.ad
.ound to project
1 . the surface.
re, the capillary
Lhs di dinary ley,
and in its course
ieg 0t the siphon,
I rvoi l it meets
ughneis, or dry
within the tube,
so to speak) and,
of its weight in
causes the
owe of my In
c outlet of a re's
'hl naturally .be
ions to a flow of
would . proh
ep in Isotne parts
r ye to the ,Outer
g form, and the
Buie a natural si
'.lht, possibly tie
ich, tinder 2tll
-- to
B. CLARKE:
nth, 1.855:
thing.
".of this town
er their. Know-
atop, and well
.tieir Justice of
to truth, be ap,
`now-Nothings,"
I y or two since
•' starter Sessions
hit commission,
hii duties at
of Quarter Sea
justice of the_
ton Sentinel."
;more good.th ari
ways get leis.
1 'i.
/
pantrost, itsquehanna ~trantili Venn'a l , Cipirstran lot in April 5 1855.
.0 .
No wonder then tliat such hallowed. associa
tions.should awaken the deepest interest and
that boundless enthusiasm wbie s h flows like a
mighty river, Pureriand.spontansous from the
human soul.
Roll on than sePuteher of the illustrious brave,
' - ‘lho'hero in death. the found a 'watery grave, 1
Yes, roll on, in all thy glory to the distantland,
A' noble requiem tareedetu'a immortal band.
.I
'but the thunders of artillery no - more resound
over her vast Waters ; and the . fierce boh.
t
shout of Britton arid American as they clasp
ed each other in deadly embrace, Las
..,been,
exchanged for the joyous song of the Anteri- :
I can sailor, and the! loud sonorous whistle of
1 -
I the sPlendid steam er, as she wafts her Way i
lin Majestic beauty lover her dark blue waves'
. —the Olive Brinch of peace, now waves her'
. r
sacred. Banner over our beloved Country,. and
1, ~
I under its benign influence we have growulto l
be \ come a great and powerful nation. But I
i am digressing.'- Arrived at Cleavland 10 1-21
1 o'clock A. M., and!' *ere 'detained near Six!
Ihours. Spent . our !time mostly in roaming I
through the principal streets, admiring its no
bleand princely private residences; it ele-.
gant Hotels and Cherches, some of whiCh are
Isplendid speeimenslof Architecture, attended
I the city and country fair, which proved to - be
a splendid concern' and well \Worthy of a yis-
1 it„ We were delighted with the noble appear- I
ance - of several pair's of working. cattle, and I
some fine sheep of the , best quality. - We al
; so - .noticed -some fine -speeitnens of fruit, such
l 1
as grapes, pears std peaches, besides somee
1 !
i elegant patterns of embroidery, highly eredi:.
Ible to tht rosy fingers . that. worked them.--
1 Cleavland, styled the beautiful 'city :of the
Lake, is nobly Situated on the brinka of Like
Erie. A portion of' the city • is Ipeati , d (Hi a
bluff, rising gradually in its ascent fiorn the
Lake shore,—from this bluff the greater part
lof Cleavland can be'seen, as it extends along
jibe shore, beneath 'and on the lame find•ex-
la , .•
' tensive . plain ribc i le. 'lt is truly 'the mostt
' l beautiful city on the great Railroad route:to
I • .
Chicago; ail biikif . :de to become one of
.the
most flourishing inlthe linion—left Cleavland
at 4P. M. Our route led . through a beariti
i 1
beauti
ful landseapl!, undidating in its appeararice, :
• !: . --‘
and diversified, here and- there, - With noble
forest;, and hills :114 vales. Passed through
several flourish' nrr towns, - one of S'hich -is One
z- I . ,
Ha, containing within its limits a nolde,' Insti-
Hite of the same name, with nearly
. 1,200 1
students.
,The College buildings appearedlfo
be finely located !Wad elegant and tasty in',
_ their appearance. ;Arrived opposite Toledo
lat 9 B. M., on the kiaaks of the Maumee Riv
i er. Crossed the River - upon a Ferry:boat the
! night nl . dark indpierCing, cold. As scion
las we
reached thellother side, a tumultugns
, • 1
Fortune
rush took place -to wain .FC:ttS .
1 -
I again favored us and obtained . rt,...seret beside a•
I venerable' old gentleman, while my - ' two cOM
!, • -
1 pimions enseonced. Themselves in ati , other l op-
rosite..- Toledo is qiiite a large and flouriSh
-1 ing town, pleasantly situated on the bank 4 of
the Maumee ; and the terminus of the Cleav
-1 land and Toledo road, and must by its favOr- •
;.
able location, become iu a short time ii larLie '
l ic.
and wealthy - city.:` Left Toledo - in a - large
train of 19
Passenger cars drawn by tro,
. . ,
1- Poiverful engines *itll nearly 1090 passen
gers on board, whi1;11 Will give some idealof
[
the numerous travtil and ,tide of emigration •
1 that is rolling likeithe waves of the oe,an
I
towards the broad golden Prairies, of
'West. We were .tiow within the limits lof
the State of India 4, surrounded on every side'
iby large - and beautiful - praries, extending :is
tar as the 'ye could reach, and covered 'ln
lannnY•pOrtirisby a green carpet of waving
grain.. l
One may.tavel the Wide world oYer i
laud , find nothin g that will surpass in beau
-1
. • l,
tyj and !grandeur ; the vast Prairies of tote
1 1N lest, with long paving grass, -resembling
I the ocean when disturbed by the wind :of
lll e aven.._ The flarli:blue water of Lake . Mich
-1 igan now metouriview ag we' wound along
close by its side. All was excitement and
1 1,
enthusiasm among] the passengers to get:a
glimpse at its .rolltng tide. ' Our route now
I lay along the shor4: lto Chicago, distant some
1
FtArvnty- rnik9, giyingns,ample-tiine to behold_
( at leisure, its waters', as they . roll- in beauty
against its Prairie Bores. although no ass.o- - 1
I6iat ions of interest Cluster around her bosom,'
"
still there is something. - noble in •the contern' - I
,• • ,
7plation that over her, floats a nations corn- I
nierce, exeliariginglt;he prOduCts of the Ea;tt.
i chieago the great commercial metropolis of
1, the West,lwith its glittering spires, now lay
in
,beauty l before'ust, as we 'abruptly turned)
I the corner ofa jutting headland, that veiled
lit front. - sight. -Soon we were entering its
broad and elegant Streets, amid a 'crowd of
I spectators that lined: the side walks, and bit,
',conies,, attracted by the immense - train. Of
passenger cars, said to be the largest that had'
ever entered the city. Now commenced a
Scene of confusion,;' a thousand ' passengers
alighted amidst 'dui deafening cries' of ILtek
men and OrnnibuS drivers. -- Parker's &
.Biss- •
els line Will take 'yeti to any part of the city,
Ac..tc.,—aeceptin e .'theselind invitations,as
-we were pleased to ;term thern,*e were taken
to the Sherman- lieus, where -- I. will close
this long and dry epipitle for the present and
;•.: • -
present you my ': beat . respects for your future
&asperity. -' l: • Yours,
.Nauss .
--jar SA3erie is so scarce .in..Scbenectady,
that a man was arrested on suspicion of being
a Wok rohber,.becattse be had three and six
pence in his pocket. :
Ilk O. 4. 2 ,
Jar -The Man that . as " transported
with bli.s.sr, has 'returned to his 'native laud,
having hred out his time. Bliss has two
yam longer to &sive. '
Viscellantotts.
The Sword of Jackson.
On the occasion of the presentation of the
sword -of General JACKSON to Congress, Mr.
, .
13i.:•rox said :
Mr. Chairman, the manner' in which this
sword-lhas been used for the honoriand bene!..
-fit of the country, is known to the
,World ; the.
manner in which the privilege "vas obtained
of so using it, is but little known, even to the,
living age, and must be, Jost - to pcisterity,
less preserved by contemporaneous history.
At the same time if is well worth knowing, I
in order to show 'what difficulties talent May
have to contend with, what. mistakes Guiern
ments may conimit, and upon what chances
and accidents it. may depend that the . great-;
est talent, and the purest patriotism, may L be I
able to get into:the service. of itS country.— •
There is a moral in such history %%inch it '
•
may-be instructive to 'Governmerits. and Ito
people to learn.. Mena warrior, or a states- .
man, iS seen in the Midst of his - career and in
the fulness of his glory; showing himself to 6e. •
in his natural place, peOple overlook his'pre
vious steps and suppose hebrifl been rained
by 'a general voice—by- wise councils—to the
fulfilment of a niittiral destiny. In a few in
stances it is so: in the ,grenter part not.
the greater part there is a toilsome, uncer
tain,-discouraging, and mortifying • progress
to be gone through before the future resplend
ent man is able tro get on the theatre, which
is to give him the-use of his talent. So it
-was with:Jackson.. He had his ;difficulties
to' surmount, and' shrmounted them.' He
conquered savage tribes and .the conquerors
of th conquerors of Europe; but he had to
conquer his own government first—and did it
—and that was, for him, the most difficult
of the two; for, while his military victories
were the regular result of -a genius for . war
and brave troops to execute his plans—ena
bling him to command success—his..sivil
victory over his own Government was-the re=
stilt of chances and accidents, and the con
trivance of others, in which he could have
but little hand, and no contra I proceed
to give someview, of this inside and . prelhn
;nary -history, and 'have some qualification
for the task; having taken some part, though
not great, in all that I relate.
Retired from the United States Senate, of
ivhich be had been. a member, and from the
supreme judicial- bench of liis State, on which
he had set as judge, this friture warrior and
President—and alike illustriouS in both char
acters—was upon his farm, on the
banks of the Cumberland, when tire, war of
1812: broke out: He was a major general in
Tenne.-;ree militia—the-only place he would
continue to hold--;-and to which he had bcen_
elected by the contingency of one 11 - I.e—so
c lose was the chance for a- miss in his first
step. -
.Ilisrfriends believed that he. had mili
tary.geidug, and proposed him for the taiga,
dier s appomttnent which was allotted to the
We,A. That, appointment was given..to anoth
er and Jackson remained,. unnoticed, on-- - his
farm. - So - on another-appointment. of general
was allotted to the We"t. Jackson wat pro
posed again; and was again left - to attell*-44
his farm: Then a batch of general', al they
were called, was authorized by la,w 7 -six at a
time—and from all parts of the rnion; and
then his friends believed that. surely . Ms time
had come., Not so in fact. - The 5-IX appoint
ments went elsewhere; and t. 11; hero patriot,
who was 'born to lead armies to v,b;torc., was
still left to the cares of his fields, while in
competent men were leading our troops, to
defeat, to captivity, to slaughter; "for that is
the way the war opened.. The door to mili
tary service seemed to be closed and barred
against him; and. Was so, so far as the Gov
ernment'ivas concerned.
It may be wondered why this replignance
to the antwintment of Jackson, who, though
.not yet greatly distinguished, was still a man
of mark—had been a Senator, and a supreme
judge, and was still a major general; .and
man of t riislT and. 116.4: courage. - I can tell
the reason. Ile bad a' great many borne
enemies, for he was a man of decided tern
ba(l a great Many contests, no compro
mises, always went for a clean victoryoor a
clean defeat; though placable after- the'Con
test was over.. That was one yeason, but not
,the Main one. The Administration had a
tacjudice against him on account. of Colonel
Burr, with whom he bad: been associated. n
the American Senate, and to whom he gave
a hospital . receptioa in his house, at.. the time
of his westerkexeedition, relyinfr, upon his
assurance that hisdesigfis were against the
Spanish domini,on in Mexico, and not against
.the integrity' of this Union. These were some
of the causes, not a11,.0f 'Jackson's rejection
(own the Federal Military ethploythent.
I was young then, and one of his aids, -
=O - believed in his military talent and patri
otism, greatly attached to him, and was griev
ed to see him passed by when so much in-
ter - ; +nee was preferred. Besides; I was to
go With him, and his - appointment would'.be
partly my own. 1 was vexed,. ai was all his
'friends, but I did not dispair as tnost of them
did.. I turned from the G6vernment to our
selves—to our own resources—and looked to
I the chapter of accidents to turn tip a. chance
for incidental employment, confident that he
would do the rest for himself if he could only
get x start. I \ was. in this mood in - my of
fice, a young lawyer with more books than.
briefs, when the tardy mail of - that time, one
"raw .and gusty day" in February, 1812,
brought an act of Congress - authorising the
• President to accept Qom ized . bodies of volun
teers, to the extent of fifty thousand—to serve
for one year—and to be. called into, service
when some. emergency should require it. Here
was a chance. I kneW that Ittekson could
raise general's corn - timed and .trusted - to
events for him to be called out,"and felt-that
one year, was more than enough for him to.
-prove himself. I drew' up A plan—rode thir
ty mites to his house, that same raw day in
February—rain, hail, sleet, wind, and such
roads as we then had there in-winter—deep:
in rich mud and mixed with ice. I 'arrived:,
at the Hermitage—n'll:lWe then but little
known—at night full, and found him selitary,i
and almost alone, buy hot quite; for. it was
the evening. mentioned in the "."Thirty.; Years'
View," When I found him with the. lamb and
the child between his knees. I laid the-plan
before him. He was struck with it—adopted
it—acted upon it. We' 'began to 'raise vol
unteer : companies. While' this trap going on
an ottier.urtived. from the War department to:
the, Government Blount, )..detach fifteen hundred Militia to the lower 3fisstissippi,
the object to 'meet the British,.then -expected
to make an attempt on New (Means: The
Governor was a friend to Jackson; anti to his
country. Re agreed :-to accept his three .
thousand' volunteers , instead of - the fifteen
hundred drafted 'militia. . He- issued an 'ad
dress to his division. I gallop* :to the
muster ground an d 4 harangued the young
men. The success was amp -, 4 Three
regi
ments. were completed—Coffee, William Hall,
Benton, the Colonels; and in December,lBo.,
we descended the Cumberland and the Mis
sissippi in a fleet of.flat-bottomed boats and
landed at Natchez. Tbere we; got the news
that the British would ,nOt come thatwinter.
—a great 'disappointment, and a fine chance
lost. _saw
We . remained in camp , six :mites -from
Natchez,Avaiting ulterior'order& . In lifirch
they camerlotaorders:for further.service, or .
even to return home ? but to disband the vol
unteers where they were. The command was
.
positive,i in the naitie of - the President, and
by the then Si cretal at War, General Arm.;
strong. - 4 well remember the day—Sunday
Morning,'the 25th day 'of March, 1813. The
first I knew Of it: was 'a message from the -
General to - come, to him at . his. tent ; for
though as colonel of a regiment I•had . ceased
,to be aid,. yet-iny place hadnot been filled,
and I was-; se
ait for,as ankh as ever.
.He
showed me the - .order, and also his Character,
in .his instant determination not to obey it,
hut to lead bii volunteers home. '',lle' bad
sketched a
.seve_re answer to the Secretary at
War, and gave it. to tne . to - copy, and arrange
. the matter of it. It was very severe., I tried
, hard to ; get some parts softened, but impossi
ble. I' have never seen that letter since,.but
I would know it if I should meet •it in any
form, anywhere, without names. • I concurred
with the General in the determination to take
home our young troops. He. then' - called a
"couneil" of the lehl officers; :is! h e - called it,
though there wa-slut little of the council 'in ,
it—the only objeet was to hear his determina- '
tion, and take measures • for executing in—=
The officers were unaniwous in their deter-,
urination to support him; , but it was one. of
those cases in' which he would• stave. acted,
aot.only without, bat against a "council." .
- The officers were un'aiiiineas and vehement
in their determination, as lunch so as the
general wits himself; for the volunteers were
composed of the best vtiung men of the coun
try;,--farmer's sons,' themselves clever young
hien; since -filling high -offices in the State
and the Federal- . Government—intrusted to
thse - oflicers by their father::: in. full 'cone
deuce that a they would act- a father's part by*
them and the recreant thought of turning
them • loose, on the lower Mississippi,- five
hundred 'Miles from home, without the means
of getting home, anda wilderness and Indian,
tribes to traverse, -did not 'fin'd a moment's
thouglii..iu one's bosom. ' To carry them back
*as the instant and indignat determination,.
biit great difficulties were in the way. 'The
cost or getting back three thOusand *men,-
`under such. ciretunstartees, ?mist be " great,
and
M ere Jackson's character showed- itself .
agaifi t We have all heard of his responsi s
bilities—his readinesS to assume political re
sponsibility when the public service required .
it ; he Was 'lbw equally ready to take respon
sibility of another- kind—moneyed responsi;
bilitY. and that beyetal the whole extent - of
his fortune'.. He had no military Cliest•=not
a- dollar-of publicanon,ey-:—and three thou
sand men were not to be conducted five
hundred Miles'through - a wilderness country,
and Indian tribes, without a great oullay' . .of
money. Wagons were Wanted, and many of
thein t ,for transport of provisions, baggage,
and the sick, F:l3 numerous arrionit new troops.
He bad no money to hire. teams; he impreis- -
vd,. and at the end of the service. gave drafts
•1 upon the qnarterinaster general of the south ,
ern Department,
.(GtMeral :Wilkinson's) for
-the amount.! The - wagon's were ten dollars a
day, coming and going. They were namer . -
ons: It. was a service of twoinonths;';the
amount to he" _incurred was great. He in
curred. it! -and;
. as will 'be seen, at an immi
nent.risk of his own ruin. This assumption
on the Geeerat's part met
.the first great di
tliculty,.bnt there were lesser difficulties; still
serious, to be surmOuntetV r The troops had
received • - no pay ; clothes and shoes were
worn out; men were in no 'condition. fora
march so long, and so exposed. The officers
had received no 'pay—did not . expect to need
. money—hall made no provision for the unex-:
nested" contingency of large demands upon
their own.pockets to entitle thein to do jus
tice to their mien. But there was patricaisin
outside of- tlaa, camp, as, well-as
,Within.. The
merchant of Natchez put their Eitoies. at our
diSpbsiticin/,-take what we' ne - ededpay when
convenient at- Nashville. _ I - will naive one
among these patriotic merchants—name him
becausel , he belongs to a elms now struck at,
and because -I do not ignore a friend when
he is struck'. .Washington Jackson was the
one I mean—lrish .by birth; American by
choice, by law, and - feeling and conduct.—
I took some liandredpairs. of shoes from tin,
for nip regiment, and „other 'articles; andl
proelaiin it here, that patriotic men, of • for
eign birth may see.that there .are ty lqfity.of
Americans to recognize their tnerit—toil name'
with honor 'in high' places—and ti gite
theM the right hand-of friendship whe they.
are struck at.
We all returned—were discharged dia
-1 pened among Our homesand the fine elhance
on which We had so , mueli'tOunted, was all
,
gone. And now came a blow upon Jackson
himself—the fruit of the money responsibUity
whiCh he hail, assumed. His transportation -
drafts were allpretested—returned upon - him
•for payment; ivhich was impossible—and -di
rection to bring suit.. This was- in the month
of May. I was coming onto Washington on
may own account; and .cordially took...charge
of j ; icic SO WA ease. Suits were delayed-until
the result of hiS appliCation- for relief -. could,
be heard.. I arrived 'at this-citY; Congress
.
was in- session-:--the extra-session.of the spring
and summer of 1813.. I applied to the mem
bers of Congress from Tentessee; they-could
do nothing. I - applied' to - the S'ecretaryat
War t ; he did nothing. Weeks had passed
away, and- time time fOr delay was expiring at
Nashville: Ruing seemed .to be - hovering .
over the .head. Of. Jackson, and 'I felt the ne
cessity of some decisive movement. I was
Young then, and had some material in nie- 7 --
perhaps ,some boldness; and the "oecasion - ,
brought it out., I. resolved ,to take- a step,
characterized' in. the-letter - Which I wrote to .
the OeneraLaa. "on'appent from the just*
to As fears of the Administration." .. Ire
member the words:though_ A!fir,,i.A never seen.
the letter slime. I drew up ..L.Aearioir,.*il.
4reseed to the . Seciatary at War. rapreaent ! I
fletume 12, ganttra
ling to him that these volunteers, were diawn t
from the, bosom of almost
! eveil'enbittaittiel
family' in Tennessee—that the whole gtate
stood by Jackson in bringing them hoMee...,
'and that the. State would be lost to this', ad--
ministration, if he was left to suffer: It. was,._ ,
upon this last argument that, "I
regetP-- ; all:.
those founded ire Justice having-failed: - It .
was of *a Saturday m?rniag,l2tlut of Intw - tliat
W e •
I carried this memcnr to the ar-laiel . - 2
delivered it. Monday morning! I calm • k
Office ltat
early to learn the result Of my p_rgnmeat.-e-
The &Crete), was not vet in. I'.apolte", to
the chief clerk, (then , the" afterwards Adjutant
General Parker,) and inquired if the &dieta
ry had: left an answer f9r me -before he left
die office on Saturdsti... He said no;' bat
that he had pot the Memoir in'his side pock--
4-.411e breast, pocket—and carried it lsome
th him, saying he would take it four his
„.
Sundae's consideration. cOnsideration. That. encouraged ' ' •
file—gave a gleam of hope— and !a feeling or ,
satisfaetion, IthOught it-a good subjeet for
his Sdnday's: meditation; Presently be . ar
rived. i I .stepped in before-anybody to his'
office. ; He_told , me quickly, and kindly,itbat
there was much reason in what I. bad (mid,
but that there was no way for him to ilOit e -- .„
that dongress,would,have to give the o.oier.
I answered him that 'I thhoglit there Was a
way for him AO do it: it. -Was .to giro him an -
order !to General Wilkinson's quarter master
general in the Southern Department, to pay.
for so much transportation as General leck e /
son's command wouhl have been' entitl'edoto
if he hail returned under regular orders:—
Upon ?the instant he took np a .:pet!, - Wrote
down the very-wordsl had spoken, 'directed
a clerk to•put them in form; and the work
was dOne. The order went otf immediately,
and Jecksoa was relieved .from imtninet-iin-
pendq'g ruin, and- Tentieseee remained! firm
to tit !Administration. : .
ThUs, this case of responsibility was over, ,
but the original cause of our concern was in
full force. Jackson was again on his larm,
unemployed, and the fide chances gone Which
had flattered vs,so much. But ,the chapter
of aceidents soon pilesented another.---riot so
brilliant as New Orleans had promised, and
afterwards realized — but suffieient ler the
,
' purPoSe. The massacre at Fort &limns' took
place.. l -The banks of the Mobile ,river gook
ed with fire and blood. ,- Jackson called up '
his volunteers, reinforced hyl , some militia,
niarched• to the Greek nation—and Ilthere
\ commenced that career 'of victories Which :
soon extorted the cotninission \which I#d so
long been - deuitd to his merit; and which'
ended ! in filling the ." measure." of hii Own
"and Oils' country's , glory. And that, Mr.l -
Ch Orman was the ' way in which this'great
marl gain4the privilege of using.thatswordl
for his conntry, which, after triumphipg in
many fields - Which is itnmortalized, has 'Come
here, to repose in the hands Of thelepresen- '
tatives of a greatful mid admiring"Ouutry. '
'.4
Ilom 6 to Cnie Deafneis..
Efforts have; recently been made in.E n land.
.te restore to the. deaf ear its.heiilthyltinetions
`by applYing a cup that fits closely to the aide
of theiheiid, round the outer ear, and.exlmuSt
ilia it with au air putrip 'aA common cupping
.
'.apparatus answers every purpose, previdecir•
thell t ass will fit se .well as . to- prevent- the in z.`
gless of atmospheric:air - under the edge.' In.
a-variety Of cases, the simple process of early
tng on this exhaustion till a new sensation . is
felt, seritetbing like eitreme tentiou in the. li
iiing:Membratie of the inattits exfcrnias, is rep
iesented to restore the organ to its nermal
.state.l Un - detStich eirCuinStances the 4teory..
of thelremedy is, thatileafnes results from an
impoverished flow of cerumen in couseiiitence
of *the' inertia of the excretory ducts ; l and.by
taking off atino r splicrie pressure, their proper
tittiJ Oozes upon. the tube, and_ instaittlt mot
lifies the condition of the mechanism exterior
ito the druiti. - 1 Having-thus been arous4f.rom
a state of
.torPor. and suspended actiVityv..ther, ,
continue afterwards to, act with energy. If
they subsequently fall partially back td their
abnorinal condition; the pump inust . bereap- .
plied as the occasion May suggest.. - Aslthere
is , no. Witchcraft about it, 'and almost ; . every.
practitioner has a breast purep, or shnilar
einttriVance by which an experiment - could
II be Made, and there being net hazard attedding
it, it would be wor i tli a trial,• and it very
pOssibie that one out 'of a dozen cases.: night.
be essentially benefited by this siinple opera
tion. - iSo . it is stated on respectable author-
Wash ingloii on linow‘Nothinghni.
Will our KnOw- . N-Othing advocates; give
the following extract a. catefullacrusal
" could have . entertained the - slightest
apprehension that the Constitution framed by
the Convention where I bad the honor .to hre
side, mighti . pessibly . endanger the religions
rights!of any ecclesiastical society, certainly I
would' neverlutve placed 'my signature to it
aNnctif 'now conceive that the gdnetal
.government might even be so adthinistered as
to render liberty of conscience insecure,l, beg
you would be persuaded that no one wonid.be
more zealous than tntself to establish eff4:tual
barriers against the horrors - Or spi rhea] tyran
ny and ever} species of religious persecution.
For yeti doubtless remember I . have 'oftenihx
pressed my sentiments that any man:Conduct
ing bitnself as a. good citizen, and being tte 7
countable to God alone for his religious !win-.
ions, might to be protected in worshiping the
Deity according to the dictates of hi.s . .own
conscience— . Washington..
'POPIMATION OF KANSAS ,TERRITORT.-+The
(lenses' of foer districti in. Kansas has been
completed, showing a population of 1A78:
It is-stated that of the voters Missouri furnish
es by far the largest proportion ; Afasisohusetts -
next; Illinois- next; then... Ohio ; other -States
being but sparsely represeuted. 4.llisscitui', fu r
i
nishes nearly 'all the 'slave State migrunts,-,
'not more than_ a score being from ,of er *old).
- ern States respectively. Arkansas.is hardly -
represented at all, though it waasu , she
Would, pour in a flood of settlers.' here are
but four slaves and fifteen free cold persons
in the' four districts repotted :_. Th majpiity
of the inhabitants are farmers,lho igh very
ind est rioniCoCcupation-atid a_nretty shave
-of the professions,
_have their rep ntafives.
Mechatuci appear to ht abundant., lawyers
numerous, preachers profit*, mid dootota plat
tifal. - . - '' - ' - ' ' -
Far There is do
.greater obstacle in -the
way:of . stuicess in jifr, than- in trusting for
soinething to. turwep, insteadiotgoing-stend•
iliao work And tnrning.nik
_ _
- la- Will en is a man thinner than a shin
gle# When ha is
1 ,
I