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ttlase
gPtinCli 0F.C0L...131111
. , . •
-- . ~ ' ! .-. •ON TIM - _ . r 1
- • - NEBRASKA BILL ,1.. .
Delivered an die Ilonse of Representatt s, Tves., 1
y; ihe'2sq t day if April, 1[354.(,. .• I. ; .
he House t beina.-in Cornutitten•ofrt e Whole,
M Chandler in the Chair: '. ',' - I. 1
z
• (I , • '
he Chairman--The question before the Com.'
nutteels on the SeriPte amendments to the Ida
'ciency bin ;land On that.
_question the ',Member
fr 'm Mississippi [Mr:Harris) has'still'the Ori r.
Mr. Harris not availing hitriself of h s'lri,,,oilt -- •
01. Benton-1.60' nt;tl addressed au Conit it
to . - •‘- , • . I , -I I
Tar. 'Bit.l. COMES :rnoM .A FREE .. JIVE. I -
, t
.
• f any bill to' impair 'the Missouri C thitoinise
line cif, 18?.0 had been brought into tai' Houseby‘ ,
.
a Member from a.slave state, or Under he Olean.-
, 7
istiution of a President 'elected from A slave state,
I should haVeoleemed it niy duty to . hike lath 'it
tit the threshold, and to have, made the motion
which the parliamentary law preserili S' for; the
repulse Of sit bjects`U•li;el are not-fit to 'e Consiel-',
eted ;- I A hotild Yaw' moved its rejeetilin I. the:first
reading. , But the,bill before us, for th • I tWo May
be considered as' one,:does not :come . rOM that
quarter. Itscoines from a free slate; ... yid under : ,
the administration of a President eke -d j front 'a.
fry eatate; and under that aspect of it -, origin, I
deemed ; it right to' wait, and: hear 'what: OM mini. ,
bars of:the free states had to say to it. : , (.
It was a propOsition - from their own . rtiks, to
gice.up theirhalf of the slavery; comprOmise of
1820; and ifithey choSe to do ge,. I d 4 not 'see.
bow southern members could,refloe to-accept it. '
It was a free, state 'question; :and the
,Imembers
fr m the:free (states were 'the map:4y ap .could
dd aloof,_waititt to
as-they,i ,
se their lead, but without the slightest intention
of being governed .by It.
.. I had ley Own-.coni-ic
tic ns , of right kind *duty, and meant • to' het nPon
tham. I heal come inteliolitical life ton that
compromise.• I had sto6d upon it ago .e thirty
yiars, and intended-to:stand - uptin it to the end,
'solitary and(alone, it need bO; (app? use' brill
laughter) but preferring company to soli ude, and
Left doubting for an instant the ,re -tilt U'a's
. -
to be. . ' h . ; . ; •
I have:Said that this hill conies into ,opgresS
under the adininistration of a free sta. e Pre it
dent; but I de not:mean to say, or insi tiate . 'bil
th 4 remark,•that the President' facurs tlw bill:-.4
I know nothing_ of his dispositiontowardsit ; and
if I did, I should notdiselose it here.''' t would
-bt'unparliame' tart', avala breach of thei,l,privile
es of this Heni
e. to:do so. 'The President's (Tin?!
ions can only
,e, made known to us by I himsit,
in a message i, writing., In, th4t way'- t is hi .
right, and often his duty, to comnitine te with .
usl , And in that'wny there is 11,) - mom' for tills'.
take in citing his opinions; - no room for the itnpn
taiton. of contradictory opinions td him and in
tl4t way he becomes responsibk to the -Amt ri
can people for the Opinions he may deli,-; '
!AU other amides of communication art
tO lien. as tending to an ;undue hnd urel
'final interference With the freedom* ofi
'itm.. It i, not bribery alone, .sttemptoo
member. which . constitutes a breach - of ti
• - .
leges of this House.
,It:is any attenipt
ate upon a meMber's Note by any
,cousit
oil hope or ferui favor or affection, prospcii.
wiird, or dread of ; punishment. This ii
~
mentary law, as, old as: English. parliaratit is
stintly maintained by. the British House of
tabus, and lately declared in a •itiost iigual man.
nek It.was during the reign of our. oidirn aster,
George - the Third, and in the famous ens • of.::Ir.
Fox's East.ludia bill, a rePort - v..as.spreat ir par.:
. ilamer4by ono ler the lords of the bedrham
er r , that .)
the king was Oppesed to the bill—that hr n Plied
4 defeated, and had said thaehe should •orisider
any mernber his enemy who should vote for it:—
The 'lase:of, Commons took fire at thii r Pgrt,
and immediately resolved: . : - t. 1
I
.
I" That to n•Port any opinion,or pretend d opirh
ion of his Majesty,! upon any bill .deperidirig i in'
either House of Para:intent, is.a high crime. and
Misdemeanor, deregatory to the .honO ': 4. the
crown, a breach of the fundamental .prig edes of .
odes:
n arliament,tnd subversive of thecOns tit r t in of
.\:. • . •. •
This resolve was adopted in a full IIr : use, by.
a majority. .of 'seventy-three votes; . and lasi only
ii
N I
.eiaratciry of, existing .parliamentary lay—Sae!'
• 3 had existed! from the tinuilthat.,Englis t oun
ties and boron& . lis first sent'knights of the shire
arid burgesses io represent them in ill . arlia.
tient House..l It is an old English parliarntotary
law, and is so recorded by Hatsell, aria': 11 the
•Writers on that law. ' It is also American 1 w, as
old as our - Congress, and, as such, recorded - 1 Jef.
.tJ i rson's Manual. It is honest law, and, as rnebi:
existent in every lipoest heart..'.Sir, th.t ,i
diint - of the United States can send us no
iqns'exeept in written messag* and no lon
• niport his opinioni, tki influence the coOdi
eL embers - 111)(in a hill; without being obno:ixii
U . ° censure which' the House ..of Commons
nuanced upoii thelord Of the - bedeltamb ,
case of the khan' and the East India. gill.
1 . mthrsTE r. 12.1.. 'MC . TE RFE.B.ENE. — I - •
Nor can the President's Secretaries—lris head
clerks, as-Mr,. Randolph - used to call thew—send
4. their opinions ort any subject of legislitipn dmt
pending before up. . They can only
: reliort, and
twat in writing, on the subjects referred.tol them
l'A' law. or by a vote of the Houses.mi
.1%4-inter
vrerition is their duty iii relation to our le , ,iislation;.
and .
• if they attempt to intervene in nay- ot ur bu-,
-
a, ll " , ssj tuust be allowed, for'one„ to repulse :the
and to profess for it no higher tlegree.of
. revert - than . that, Mr. Burke expressed,l for the
opinions of British Lord Chancel*, delivered
to the Hi.use of Commons, in a case in Nyhicit be
laid no concern. Sir, - I 'suppose I candiefrilloWed
tt repeat on this; floor anvdeirree of hompo - rlskin,
• o figure of speeeh'whicliMr.''Burke couldiuse!on
the floor of the British House of 4.'ornmotris. 11l
. was a classic speaker,and,besidestfiatuthori of
a treatise on the Sublime and Beautifol i tho Ugh
Ido not - consider the particular figure ; iwhieh I
have to Tepeat,, although just and p:cturc:squef hi
Itself, to be a perfect illustration oteitheYbraoch
of his admired treatise.: It.*is in refeience I to
Jiord Thttrlotikwho had intervened in Sonno l .l-
ishitive busineiss,-contrary to the orator's sensiii of
•righ t and decency., Mr: Burke repulsed, the !in
trusive opinion. and declared - that he did not eare:
. three jutops,ot a-louse for .if.... Sir, I - myth same:
, of any opinion :which may be reported here
,from'
Wur Secretaries on
: any bill dopending, -
before us,
and that in any form in which it May Cail3Q from
them—whether as a unit, or as integers. 1 " (Roars
cf . hiughter.) • - • -
• '
1 ,t - Tuete ,I•tu.sirEo s .11cTERFEILENVE. . • • ,
Still less do I adroit the right of inte,rVentipn.
in our legislative duties in another' elass.,'of inti i r.
meddlers and who might n ot . be able to meddle
• all with'our busingss, were it:not - for Itbe min:
It
i tration..of our bounty. I-s aka - of •the public - .
printers, who get their dailyitr pe ead (and that but.
tiered on both sides} by our daily printing., and
. .
• Who \ require the . democratic metiiberst of this
Louse, under-the instant p..n.alty of politicAl dam-
tlon, to give in their Illtesion to'.-eery ' bill,
Which they call adtninistratipn t and that in eve
-hang,e it may utidergo—although more icbatig -
01e than the moon. For that elasz , . of laterrne
..'
el . ! I have no pacliatiteritary law-to :Cdiultii4( r, ,
or any quotation fpnti..Burke th - lipply--nothing;
Ibut a little fable to ra. , i - ,'•the value of - Which; as
in 'all go faest. lies 'lb its mriral. - •It isl .in
- French, a od
nd entitled, " L's nc - Pt-. soli "rnaitie,"
',which, being %lone in English. tigr.l6es-:'. l Tizeas
.rnd his master," and runs,titus t
u An ass took it into his head to.seare his 116.8-'
ter; and put ou, a lion's skin, and went and sthod
•ii the path. And When' he, saw his rnaster eiMi.
Mg, be :commenced •ttziting, as he thottgitt ; bur l he
Only brayed, *andsl,lll! waster knew it was his. hsts:
ip, he went up to hum with d cudgel ; and beat him
nearly to death." • I ,-- ; 1 !-
I - .'
That is the end .4 the fable, itud the 14(1a1 .c.ll
!
;; ,; • . ; • ...,....
, " l a eantiould all l',.asses . tb take care ,Itow , ,
ey untiertakii to•lscate their masters." :. (!gro- 1
klig.ed applazio , ,i'x'ic's rirgon4 griod.) - 1' ' . 1.. i
mr.'clinipilin; this house will have falln . 'fall
ow its coOittitierinl mission, it it sutlers it-
f to* gOverned ,by nuthOritY,,,or . dikigboneA i
:t. its otrn hirelings. I anirtimm of u 6 bargains,f
.tit. act . opcnlv.witit any Mani hat acts for the-pub-1
is geed; anctin ,this spirit, i t , otrer the right hand'
dlpolitiert) friOndsilip to every member of ; this-1-
AidY that willS'tarldtogethet to - yindica te Itii privti
)( gcs, - PrOtect its respechibilty, and maint:do it 1
in the big,h , pliiee for whiCh It was intended4-the 1
41 ster branchTof.the,Ameri4n goverment. l' 1
„._....._...
at ~Rolm covksoltsr: r."OT : - .llEnnty A ST. I TIITE.I
1 - ,
The gneSticitt h4ore ns is, to ge t Crid krthe i
ilissOuri Comprotnisti line: . ntl,to.a latiter; that
is an easy question.. That.e,omprotnise is kit the
forth of a stalide, and ono statute is repealable ;
.bt 'another:. That, short view- is enoughiror a 1
..
. 4; qi, i. - . TO'it statesman it is - something differ- •
eot, audlrefers,ibe r_ifti_stion, of its . repeal,. not to
la A' bol;s i butt° reasons of state policy--4o.the
e4cutrOato.suntiOr tvhieli it was enact.eo,! and
:0 cOnsegnottees ivhich, are to flow from iti• ab
rogatidn.. . Tlkis cempromiso of Is2o -is 4.tot t a
inerc.f4atute;to last -for a - dkiy ;.. it was Intetulcd,
forpqptuity.,, :out 46 ilednred itself, It is an.
etlaettqent to settlb a controversy- 7 :lnd did it!t Ild 1
it--anti' cannot be ribrog,at4.l without reviving .:
thil cointroverSy.• ,"- P) \ ' • '.;
, , \ it has gtvenlhecountry pckice for above l thirty
)...ars ; 'how, tnanyi years of diikturbance tViii,d'sab 7 '
rogation 'bring"? :T:kat - IA the statesmaris 1 yues..
ti. n ; and ivithont. assutuing to be -tniielt, Of a
st-destnan, I elaitn•to b6,-endugh SO tot.cOhiiidei
the consequenees Of breaking 'a settleni4nt 'Nvhich
paFilied, a continent. l remember thoOtfiotouri
controi - ersy; and hOts itidestroyed all sdeial ;feel
ing, and' all eitpacily Al beneficial. legislation :
'anti merged - all 'politicrilli i krinciple in an an gry, e on
tOt about \t.klaVer4-4,-iii‘vi, Ing the Malin -hub, two
i -
It
i In
parti, and, ilraWrin !upt ie tWo hakes into !oppn- of - : !., --
site and cenfrOnti, g lines, like .encmies Ori the - . WII I• r- r - '1... ,4`t . "' at'. sus P eetin g ' l ' 4 B F II6 :1.11. ''
II Id of battle ;i ' I ono wish: to• see such : tiines ,
,1 • -
streng' Owning the South to - entilikit ..to• Lilo
a znin; and,•therefOre, a l l 8 4;• :) ,if ;s t rev i,..i ri i t h em the other halt. But tlii -• .attempt does 1-not
eine!fri..ta tlte' So -i, and finds rekist4triee
by- breaking up the settlemlent which tplieted -
t- •• ' - .
. I ! • - ..
1, liar irrinr. st.A.l. l nay - compaomtss, T
; -•\ .i • • - ' . - :
. \ . Tdr.-- r.srala or A.. AI:TEMPI , TO 111:1 , 1;.11. ILE
1 The ':.ll'issoliri Compiomlise of' 15'20 w:is, ti - - I coNnuIONISE OP .1787 1 . 1.; -,
partitioning; hOween th.free and' slave Q . es, of t •• This' hrings: us to the question
. t . ,f rd ! peni or
• -it;great pro Vince, Liking ihe'ehara• . ola &pet- i . .,1, 1 • 0, , , t ! i i , n ',- - jt • t h es ,„ emni , rom i, r. Ti o ,, „„ ne
null settlemcnti andrclassing kith the two! grog ! lii. the ons - tittitiou cannot be got rid pf with
-1 ,••
e.nipronliges ! whiell gily,. ns,liiii ordinance 'of J j n-i•
.' out a ralnotidnient to thai s in:truinent. and is,
lit 13. 1757 .- l fediiial constitution. of ''_ii. : l), • ,
!,
i tembe ! 4, °lithe Itiie year!
,IThure - are! three ),•,,_ I M-' 11: !' °/:(!' .bed / •.• •
:the retch . of' tionil , res-S.—
w hf
. 4 1 ?,, en . ~ The Other two, being in' thtS fain of •IrintideS,
slaverylcOMpreinistk la
,ouri- liiLitory,
-ni-et theraSelves widitl o fry' r undation and 'Pt-eser. 1 ture stiliji - 4;ts of li , oislation, and leriiillil rePeal
i--ationf this Vnion; - in -L - 111e\ territorial parti- p_iildehy eiingres - s - . ' EtToris Weiai7nin(ie, ! tii!im
..
14 - 41 ortnance!!of 1787, -ith its clause for ,be re- 'hair One, - that of 1787, Fonie, fifty' Neat- •-• coo.
l ' I. ;
covert' - f fugitive slave ; seeondly,- the cOntem- Ck n ( .0; r -i t . , is r o w two : to repett the; other ;
t ''.- - 1 -, 1 .1)0.111e:ins conStitutiotaii recognition - of Slavery in t
the history and. tate - ofr the first iteitipt,
i tti
' he states whiith chose to have it, with • the fugi-•'i ! Ilid
l
!tiny to advantageons in the con4deratioi: of
iye slave reedi - ery clatie Inthe r same instrinneht; .
S
the sicOnit. It wasin the vein i KO. thirdly, the Vii,tiuri pattition line of 18 0 0, 'with Tito.'
t.lie same cltitte annexed for the recovery ! . of fa-
then tkirritory of Indiana hail- been . slave 'ter
, 1 ... • ,
1 gitive slave:::' .; . . r rdort, 'Mu er 1 the ! French zovernment, iinit
1". : All threi;tefithese comprothl4-s are part, and contiinted t.o tinile tl 0 Ani t- irrkma tinti - ill '4'B'
:
! parcel of tli• Saine,p‘oliey; land neither oti 110-in It (1.-•'..hd -'1 to i V i z . • • ; 4 1 l a i
1 ehuld have ieell formed' withont the other; nor I t l'- l e ' i '9 ''' . ' is ' l l'l' - ' I ll". ec-In t a!il"'-'`
etch - er'af theni'!Without thelbgitive slave recovers I ill " 1, ' ;Iv. "' l ' i l ee """ t '' Ctlikitt ' l Pt '` s?.k
. 1 -trelr - tr r e'her, linskas / ria, were all sl::vcliolding
e.tose- inciirporated - in it, . The . anti-shivery
i eliriuse in tilt, eirditalnee. of I'lB7 could not ;here 1 townl.l- 'the inhn l citants were
r attair,heq to
Mice been adopted (AS WaS p r oved by its three i that I;t''' - 'pertY. and wished to-retain it i l.at least
fears; )rejcciirin)iwithin Ili
te \ furriPversiaverrecov, Nenitkirtrilv ;. and also - to invite a slavelol'i
eir elatiSe added 10- it 1 ; i the:cr,ntittutirprl could not , in`; etni•srati - I , a, until an inereltse r of itoitila
hhve . been fyrmed without the rekiegnition of t ti: ;11. rib&rhl f'.lrlnata lolooinv-o stipple: of rfreo
4:l,ve yin the'rstates whichrrhose it;Vnail . guar-4 . r '• - - '-`• • ;. -
r ., the Oitl'ol4,• I.nd tlo , v p••iition - t'cr , gr •.' 'a- , ;"( I.
at-Ay )f the right to recover slavesittecing. into. r• r . ' ..- - "r' '--'" ' 1-
' .Prl - O le i f t * e t• z i e s ; th e tt1i 5 ,., 04. . r i eu ; Dtrere i. sy ~- , ,ht 1.1.111;41 '111..• p e titi o n canto froin a :onrfv•.•ll .r
ifot `have • been settled without - a partition cif !Lou- O i ' ) / 1 .9 f t !t- 11 .e P- 4 'o° , l'r"'id''`i o'er b . t'ic'v!!3:ll.'''r
Hein& betweeh freer nnd,slave soil; 'And dint par- '
:-, 11 . arrks• in. :lad only t 0..k.-....1 for tho•ls lt:T e l i s ion
t'„tidn could not have been , made without the •,tl-5 of th• - t !i'l , l;'-i!'" .-'', harm 'Fr it orattinne. do
edition of,•the.,.ante clause/or the recovery of In-:y tell yi:ars; and limited in its apidientio to
.otive slave% i Thus, all three co,l4l . otnisit are A their ')li a territory. The petition was irefr."l-ri , d
- %Allemeats 4' existing questions, and intended to 11 - t o „. c V,, , ..
Set committee i}f the liouQe ; Mr.itan- .
be perpctual., - ; They are a/I three f equitt: and 6, 101 1 l- •
11 1 '
W:IS. c.:1:111 - 111:ill and reeeived itsriatiiiwer
moral! validity'. The constitutional) eomprcimise il .- '-; ' •.: .1 . ' 1 - . !s- j •
i 4. g,tardtiribkira - hioher obligation i4eonscipience r i in i • i t ,q t)rt, ' n- iih ' - ' - " - ' e v ''' )r. t s: ' , . :
df its •inciorpe'ration in thatinstrumiint ; line it in ', 4 " Ib4 the; ! rapid -population of the. Stafe of
Ohio inttlielentls evinceQ,in the opinion of ! ! ,:your!
ail w4y ddletVromithe othertWo in the 6 - cuntr-i
stances Whikkindueed it, the policy-which guards' ..,ehtnaittee, that the labor of.s-daves is nut b eres .
it, ortl e - .conSequenees 'which wonld floWrrfronil sary to tippurtjthe greiwth atut ,settfenient.9l col
its tibr gallon. A proposition: to destrSy
\.,
t h e oniesinthatregion. Tilat this4aboi., detnenstra
slavery coralrontis'es in the constitution tWould i bly -14 e dearest of Any; cnn onlYt be employo to
be :In.(' rilipr r oposhioli to - bre r,. .h up the. rn• ion : i idvantage in the cultivation of prbduet, s Inelre
the atte pt to abrogate the comPironiises OfirSi valualitv ow
than any linrn in that o,tfartei of the
1 ,1
:
and 1 1 82 . Wohld be , virtrual ntterap s to. United States, that the cornmi tee deent it hio ll
deStroy;
the hniftnony 'Of the Union, and pre are it fet.dis•-;
i
h dmig,ro..4 and inexpedient t ) itnpai-r i la provb .
sOlutioli, by destroying;the confide ce and Il'ee.' ‘ sion wisely caleulated to prom / tie the happintrss_
lion inlwhiehqt is founded.
-1 - -1 I and prosperity (Stile northwestern - -laitnitry; and
•
The 3ilissoiiri Corproinise of 1820 is a e., Onsti- ! give Arength and sec.irity to tilatextenive!fron
tier. ;In the . .s.dutary_operation of Iris sl!rr,HOns
kiltioli of the 'Ordinance of .1781-its , extenisiVon - rtor
. he sinete aequirecl_territory W•est Of the
r )1i.4.1,,i, and bccevolt nt restraint, it In Jelie . ed tll4 the
and no:way 'differing front it either in - 1'1.4;0r! or, it , hatttakits Of iudialla Will, • t tio. very ! distnnt
'lay, and ninrple • reutur.eratio for , a - Cempbrnry
detaiLl The . rbrdinanbe,of 1787 divided thie :then I !
territory, Of the Uinlted States_ about- equaltir be- i privation of labor and endgra ion." ' '
tween% the. • fkee any slave states; the 31psaurir This Was: the answer . of t 1 -
nbid
,-titu
()n a
Hr.
tiun
f re
cun-
mn-
• can
et of
ins to
. pro
n the
1
Compretniso . line did. the same by. the additional : 1
territory of. the United - States as it stood iii 1820 ;...,
and in 'both c i aSes it was done by act of Corig,ress,',
and was: the;:settlement of the-whole difliculty:
Which. was to-last forever. I consider them - 1)0111'1i
-wi th their fu ) -ritiY • e shive_recovery clauses, and the ii
similar elaule in the coi4titution,us . •part anti par...ii
eel of the sathe transac4ion—difteretit artii.-Ihs ihil
the samr general settieinent: - ' . • 1 :
. .
• The anti-slavery clause .irv, the\
. ordinatice of
1 i 7,87 could not have ;been Put in (as was proved;
by its fltree yinirs' ri•jection) without the fOitive4
slave tk-Coyerf.elatise.added to it. The conOitu-;
tion Could nobhave been fi.rined without tie roc,.
(Tniti. of Slitery in the states which clitiSe • it,. :
rthd the right!i?f rticoVering slavo . i 'fleeing to -the',
free states. The Nissouri Coinprothise co hld not:
have ••be4rf settled 'extt.pi by the prohibitin of,
-slavery. inl tirelirpper hint of the territory . 4•J.ou-'islana ;. and' that prohibilionreould nothaviiibeen,,
obtained wif i liout the right; to recover tugltive:
slaves fren!, Elie pa ft ta::(l4.4 ‘ ree.
~ .• • 1,1 1 •
Tlius• . the three Imeaii-tires are
,One, and the or
dittance il•ltfl7•fathe'r to the other tiyo. . - It led to
the r.{deption of the 'fur , ' tive slave clause fin the
constitution; and We May say, to the.formation of
the cnslitutiOn itself,which conk not have'. been;.:
adopted: withbut j that. clause. and the i.ec-og-!,':
ninon Of slave.prorty in which it waS feunded.-
Thislitial.fact results of itself from the history
of the roe. In ;31:irch of the year 1784, the Vir l i
. ginia delegation. ;line then Congress of th eon-:
' federatir : )n, headed lily Mi. Jelfe.rson and 3lr:iiklen
roe, ciinveyed the northwestern territory to the
thirteenlUnited States. In the. menu) of !..April i
ensuing; the organizing raind of 111 r. Jefferson, al-,1
war! -bi:nt upri systems . And administration, ,
brouf,r,lib in art ordinance. for. the ,n 6 overnrrient - of
, the _territory iso egnveyeij, 'with
,the mai-Shivers',
'elapse 4 Part of it, to, tale.' effect in klre i . year;
iSyQ.; - tint without h clafiqc for the .ret - cry of
1 1 ,
,fu.,.iitiye'islaveS. For ther want (4f this •1 oVisioril
: th . antislavery clause Was.oppos . ed by th -slaves
holding 'tat , ep, and . iejected . ; ;and the ordinance'
wao pasSed without it.- In July.of the yearll7Bl / '
tlin
.'ordinance; Was 'renodeled, . the antitslave .
e l
se, With the fu,gitive 41aVo reeoveryelanse,ar
thdfnoW stand, were ini;eite4l in it; and in that
shipe the ordinance had :the unanimous cite of
cy ry stple piesiiptv r thit in the Whole---and an
t
et] ial . nornbei" of:,slave and free States present.—.•
• - Th i ns, it is clearl that the antislavery elattse in:
thl" ordinance or 1787 'could not have ~passed.
, • wir t houtiVi fugitive • slave recovcr.Y el anse annex
'.d.l .'.fhl, I
were ..inseparafile in their birtiX, and
tnt+t be;-lit their life; 'ancl. those Who I oVe one
must a•cept the other. ;.; . •-• It -• 1
. tii.: 7a, as tione . in the titintit of July, in.the cite
w.IY
of Neorli', - where theelmg.resi of the COnfed•
leratioii then sat: The National Cimvention was
sitting.at-the:time lin the; city of Philadelphia, at
'work ',upon the federal. constitution. . Two bed.
'es Weio in i.cons,tant coinmunicaton witli each
• other,land tiCrue Icadin;;:tneinbers -(a.-11r, 'Valli.
son ind ) .6ennbal ll:uniltonY:wer. miruitiirs of
each, lull attandineby • thrns in e:rit, ' .Thq con
stitution
.1 ' .l a gs f4lS te ha
. inis.) in ep m_ i r, and received
the fugitive *slave .i . ee.:o l ery 1 clatle : immediately
. ..1 I
.. ,
.1 . ..... •i. ' •1 1 ,
, , 1
•
f ortion in the 'ordinance. - It was: the
sathedultls, and :it the satrie tiate, in
rents ;'and it is well known that ;the
could not•have been formed without
•
7 - 7
aft(. 6
work!of
both haitru
constitutid
that
\
compromise clause.in the erdinanee
the zompromise clause in the consti
the...Missouri Compromise results
and all three stand before .me as
the same eirenmstanees,, inditced: by
ronsiderations, And directed by the
, - 7 —that of ; the peace, harmony Viand
f this Union, In point of moral i oh
msidcr theta equal, and reSulting from
h •
i '
Itsidelt render them indispetib3C.—
0 have all . the . qualities of a 10impro-
V. of the ordinance - and of - the Constitu
l'ilre fuunded in agreetnentin 4.on
it upact—anil are as sacred, and itiviu-
Man ngieementS Cali be J. third
'lf the Missouri anti-slaverrline--vas,
)on agreement.
Is tht(sct? to
ttititvti; :and
frotnibo . th ;I
founiett in.
the Lir'ie
perpetuity
e
eonditios
. 1
i
ttlise r tbosi.
lion. Thet
sent-i-iti eat,
lable;za hit
orte44.lltit (If
riot tnadu u'
om.vrto.mrtin imrosED it scirtii):Rx
i
on $e N ! : . )
aeguloceti
tweets l:- , Touth,
an Anposy
:South @ V •
wi dy
grouo i
tAlw-tj Fitt j .
tatethti
take - ehoiti
halt: I -Thii
away! (itteei-
iipos4d by xptes.--by the South'iip
th—resisted by the iNortii at-the
iieseedin afterwards . ; 4in(liby:ilmt:
ee becronn•a biniing.covenaut
i t parties; and the more solpn Ithe
irnse heiuipoi3d. I repeat!: it ; was
.1
on, and not. a cotupact. The
ilod; and took choice; and, noW
to china the other half on ti:e
the original dil:satisfacitiott, of the
Brothers cannot diVide; an! -es
fft make the division,and
I ,and aftVrwards claim the other.
South has her half. She gar it
-•
it to,: vain ; and the Xfirth
t 9 get it back, even at the kArhi-ns.
. :
-- - 1: )- • • 1
tee ; ~.1 1,1 It the ans.s
—of 41ii lieu just fifty V
the .s 4 outh was. about as alds
as it-i1.4,-er has het:ii since, an.
tit's: !4(rell',:rdi IVIEy greater tl i ,
been sink.- The aLisWer is 4
11101 it..'yield to the petition
It liana,; even for a ten year,:
of this' anti-slavery.clause: 7
ons :iuol 'inexpedient' to repail
Yes, to impair! that i: • the 1:,
refusid to weaken•or ! lessen,
degHe, an, act which the c :
I)eni.! ; Kolent•and sagacious
09- -ee ,l .,u - nriend to'ndritai•
eatts! it Is ".calenlated to ini
1..1 ,i .. -•, .
Ibr,:, fLII , , p tosperl t ; ) • of t 2.e in
g've ttretigth arid security t,
1
T latiCopgre,is--"—and that wi
t‘ - ,•zett-North and Sonth—si
1- ; ,
an unit o! ,,
ao much future !•,.
net; cacti upon the 'nista - ken,
fiJw present inhabitants. '
; 1
Ihit thisnvas not tit end of the Petitions.
Tie peophYof Indiana were ; not satisfied ;with
ole tlepulse. They'returned to the 'charge;
a;
id tour 'times more, in the:courSe of as ma
ny -y - ! 7 ars, -renewed their application felt the
ten . years' suspension ordinance. ; ItlWas sre-.
j4eicit each./time, saki, once in :the Senate,
Wher',? thii?orth Carolina S,enafdi ("Mr.!. Jes
se Ftl,ankiiii) was chairman of the - cOmniittec.
whic'h , nia(l , 3* -- the report against it. IFive
time 4, in as many years, rejected by Congress;
and, the :rejection the more emphatic in ;some
irlf:lll.i:s;.tefluse it wa-s,!the reversal by th'e
Ifou,ic. of a' favorable report from i a coMmit,--
t e e. And now, what inhallitant !of Indiana
does 4mt rejoice at the deliveninc'e which the
firimiess of Congress their gave theme; in',spitth
of the request of its inhabitarM•fifty Years
a;„;•o?1 ' : . • . -- ~, i . , i
Tlitts, five times in the - beginni' ng of this
centfill - -tii'ellitrerellt time , , :ITllill - liliotit any
distinction between; northern ate •-:ot4hern
, .
menibers-- . -did .CO ii f14:1.C.,"5. retuse o .' l ;tapir
the ilaverst 'compromise* of 17*, not;With
standing
r fl;te'tinies asked for bY the people of
the ;territpry ;-Oh; sqw.itter sovereignty I
wheie • were von then 1 .- It was a I ,caie ftlr yoti
to...luive shown your head--to have arts \ en in
-Iyeur i rii igli t —a int est iibli heti you 'T. su preMa cy
!forever; . It Was a case of a coktventibii•Pf the
Sov4igns themselves: , ,-- - and neither this eon-.
yentr.:.er nor the' Congress.- had 4 dri 2 aP l' of
I
theirloi . ereignty. The eonveritiOnpetitloned
Con4r4•ss as a .ward would its i - kinti•diati i or
, children under age :Would petition tht!iiitith
-1 'O, and_Congna,s ansWeililike A' g,041 'off,r
diapi.9r a good fatherly that it would not gtve,
'''!
. .. . .. . , .
titelp an 011, althOugli . ..they r for I
Oenightel!times thoFo, and inqnit iehinil.!
fliel , reseni age. -The. mare's 110! noel
Itccu'founl'in whit:4llas been lai(l the' - putri
~ L t.g. out of. which. has been] hittche; l ll'
die nomieieript fowl N'clept s'over
• 1 7
opt y.. (but,ghti2r:), illustrious'prri/-1
( . 49p1 no:p-interc, - entiaji hartl not 11i9) , hce r;
ilivented. • The ignoramuses of ithat flay: ha l:M
rit - Aer . llli.l of it, thought now.,to bq-lefirr44l ;
ih . er . eryll'orn 7 book ; and, I believe,
also Lut ini:th Q horn b00k , .., (Pienc(qr/.l4(rri-!
tE;' . \ I :
IT Is Pi$TuRD ;comi , ll4-1
_ _ ;
,
.
live tinier in In,. Jeginningiof thls eistitti.:l
tlir3 . • aid-
.q'ongress refuse to ; tinpairt the shi-i
Irery coinpromiSe of
. !8.1 ; aii4 ' , .m."Et, in" t 1 e,
iiiittale of (he'eenturr,-ana.afto , • thilty yea
,si
of pi - itte under the * Missotiri, (...oinptonnseti
Ow ;offsprinu; and continuationiof thiit of 'B7l
, .•
~, ; v
--,- - ,-w,e are ilakle.d.upon,. not in Criinpwri
fOrca ~ c ason,, but, ,to detrov il,r ever -a 69
; -
~, •
!treater couipronnse-,--extetiainf . to 'far rioivi
, t . " P . . I i
q,rritory, all
..2..,r0v t tug. out . ot inece.:•iiit ids l4rl
itioreprcAnl2,.. Ana how calla upilin, ...\ ti t )tl
. tiy the inhabitants-,—not by airy 00, 'lnman'
tieing' living, or-expecting. to liy.e. On the tej•-
rjtop• tolacatrectol—tiut s npi..ti a Motion n
,(ionf , ress-4a sii, Bret,..nt,.s , liniping,luittio!,
1 ,
creeping,' shin n f ing, i nit pi sh - 111.4 i,,i i --4 c; o u e - e i , --
(.11 in , the 'idark--luidwiled ina;cinninittlfe
, rooni • anti sprian : _, -, upon 't2Al ,, ress , !ar,,a tilel
c" , tintly in" , ,the.Ayle in which tkuy i li'a• l wt. w rsj.
i•ntolded to blow up the Parliainen! - Iroe,r
1 Siiol hi, - five Inntarcd . :harreis 'Ol . !•u'ripcw.•ll,mi :
r jtislliir - theiudiar, under the • wOol. , •-j(Lin9it.-1
' trjr.)•
.! . .- - \ i • • I•'
1
'•-:'• My . .auswer to sv.ch a Inotiorris fo;be f,Uinit
._ .
hi the wluile volume of ins politienl!lift-i I. I II
frave'stoyd upon the*,llisFouti CoMiironilsel . l
Or ilbov`e thirty yeas, and mean tosiand tfp-Il
o'ft it to the. end of my. life ; atid, in doi lilt ..i , ..),j
:41:01 °. net, not only according to my' own Cheri
b i ped coritietions of duty, but according .t.t . M .
tile •Alen - .)Mared e.4 - iiietions 'of thrli ClKineral l *l
..V‘:eniblylof in state. : The Inviolability !of
that comprontise line has ofte4 bet-n.klec.jlayeK4 l
I'l'. that, cieneral Assembly ; ' :hid, 4 .. .ltite 'al
17
le•-, in Iliese words :.- •
."i i- i.
? ••
.:-• . • , • , . !
''',"ltcsoNed, That the pence, ppm:lll6Lnc), ami,i ,
tqlidre' off our national _Union dep. nd! upon aril
striet .adherenee 'to the letter and spirit or till
tliig,ltth sectioirof the act a copgr,ss 4111 uni ,
ted B'tates ent,tled, •An act to anthprizi: C., 1ie0.1.,
fire Of thei'Missouri territory to tiiim n'4.con. , , , ,titu.
tioti and 'slate -govorrinient, and ft..)t- the adaiissio
ott r sneh.st4te into the Union on lin :ma
,f(*itin.,,
A . 1 .4, I li,. ( f . r i g i,, a f s t.A eF ., an d t o ' !.prolabl-t „*daveryl
ini!ecrialn . 'itc:rritories,'
\ a*p.proved 111areh GI ? 18'20.".1
-+-sitii ah;instruction to the Slmator,i;., and- al
. i
t! , ifuest'to elli - 3 npreiietitatives in;Cotlgiess,, to,
,: ;tile accordingly. . I
•i
f .
':"The -i'le.,_;, flantarteney. dud Weltlip:. .;-
of
chi. rnion: depond i!pciiiti strl6t adlet - cift,e;tci
ell.'Ali . -z3cittri* (.omprotniQ. of 18211", -.. o re-1
, . . ~. .. 1
s L ol'‘ : ed - tAtH - iGeneral Astqul... , l;y . !of Mils ouri . asi
hifo *;t:i. i 1 , 17. 1. believed iiii, , Assetll.lll N'F:l
- 1.11 ili• -1 lAii• it 1 v•- 2, and..0 s'l
~ zt t. ;, a.. t..• t,
.. to , . _ lollK.
~ -i' i • ,
mg, sh;111 t.` adliere•-'to', the cornpronuF,e I now l
:is !then, uin fipirtt and in detter." • ~ . 1
: a
,„11,-„ 1 1,1, 11 )„,...:e :i„ i .- move,iien,f. , 1.,, : impair,.
thatc,,,.„i l i,-,,,,,,,,:e., T„.„: o e.. ~ hi ! : 4 , . ,-. i .,.., 4 , lii., -;et
•Mitilv Mafincr: much snore.shall 1 qp 1 .)....e it
; K t• fti.ele In a covert, iitlircet r l; and ;inn itoilyl
iya - . The bill or bills before us,,' unde talt'd
) 1r
to -Itecoinplisli their t_ -, lKject *Without pfvfepsingi
it-4-uporf reasons which are contradiUtory and
1111101111 , 11..1— . 111 tollas :I‘lllell ;'ire aigbigll6l24 /
.4i14. ine(im-istent —and': by thkiwing on iitheri
- .
tlitt` : respOtsibility of its own act. . .., , 1.1
.tssittirotis VIISItACTEIC,OF TM : : iC1:ry.t.k3E.11 . 1 . 1.E.i.1
It prtifees not to interfere ',with . .tf, 901-pr
(:'igi right of the pevi4e, to logislate,.or thidin- !
:=:(,i,....5: Mal the very .tirst liiie'of this:- gole;inn
Frofvssitin throws upon them 1":1 1161410:kJ of
lay..?' which the:y have no ri;; : lit,/tO il!fii.e or
time to read, or money to iinridiase,r a : K i!"lt v
fir) lin.lCtstand. .It .throws 11.1f 1 ,!T1' .: 1.11e11,1',I1.11 the
kiwi-4' of ' , the United States :n Welt are tipti 10.
:,!tillly initpplieable; and thatqolllllAkittli*all'
0:4 artinut spee:ally. Made fir otleir 'ldles;
:11,:ii, it i.,ri•. - es tlant th: - cousiittition of i the
tniteiWitatcs, 'but ..w:thout the priile,fe of
totine at presideatiakor coli?;:ressiotial dee- .
..,
clo ns,. or of makintz their, own judieidry. 7 -
Tiiii; is - non-interference with it Vellgetll,4
A (yAni - huni tv . to be burrie,l ;finder ft'"
.
z_!onitnit
lor of . 1ton•
I ngck---tly,ien
r. - - . 1)/ 4 ,e!'1:'llt lt , efe
w:lim irtAa
,
;inn 13. (3%ti
: I.ermrii,tort• ;
pi. , opplt. of.
prpvisiOn."/
in • the - liiiNst
m
,:
4 •
ninittee erksit ,
dct," sad; which
nifirnpafro4,l)o-
•.reasc:ll.o l , _NI pp',
.atli.42st,; and to'
13
111(i
t11011t.1 1 ,1171 , =10p be
f•Julk.l ;not
.ail liostoity,
appliOn.ionjof a
t!a10of law; ati t COVeil'EA with a
tittiticp tinder they at-e. not: to
.one',lsint4le political right. ; • -1
-by; this eircuinlocution • this•
Of itZ , Mountain of irrele.vant laic, with : the ex-.
cepth,,nTof the only one relevant and; appliea-
Sir; it is tllc croc,ked, it ar 11 pit , -
,sll amnions way of effecting, the repol- the .I
Compr o mise. - line. lt, includes all
.law-ifor,the sake of leaving mit . one law ; and' •
Circiits it repeal an omission - and
by - '4ll . iiikeeption. It is•ft -new' way of '.repeal-•.;
•
a la,c, and a bungling attempt to slim, 1
t•deilarery into the *territory; and all the
•
ry out tl the Canada -
count, 1 t
4too 1:y illlolllth 111 S. Tbe CrOfleti litki!'
" AVOlizit the
comprt,i,,thise• line, and; extend the constitution,
0v6•411,e - couritry . : theoonstittitionl-LicoiTizes I
slavery: therefore, Sla,Very is estali)ihed nq
the line' is abdlishecl," ithd the (i(lnsti
--tution extended.; andlweing Put theilk• the'l
i Con,;litiltion, it •cannot . be legislated'nt."—
Thisiis the Engliz..h of smuggling process;:
4na nothing;mOre4lnwortity of leg
.derogatory -,;to
body.-4was.ever attempted to be made for
:territories, but for states. prot - Won3 . are
-applie:ible -to 'states, and cannot 1,4 put in
eratio
o•,n in territories. They lot,' .vote
. • -
vote
for. I,)re'sident, orVicel''re:-iderit, or nt embers
of C,Ottigress,. nor elect' their i‘wn oflies; or
pre'soibe - the qualifications Of voter:4' or ad--
tninftitr their own laws by' their JUdge.s,
"slieriiil4, and attorney's;; and tho-clatisbleitend
!ng the-constitution to them is acheat andan
illusion, and a - trick to smuggle slaery into . /
'the tOitory. Nor . isit intended thirttli...y . shall
!Inv - 0 any legislative right under the l:otritittt-
lion"; ti•til ill ielationito slavery. They, m;iy
admit it because itis to be thgre by tl`tti constr
.
tutiOn!; they cannot, exclude ; it, lice ~u
. the
'eon:lit:Mid - a puts it there. That is the nrgti...
*lent ;sand it is.a juggle
ri Worthy of theti•iek of
, ; .
under thi three nats tile sante , ottie
.17
t er neither at any tirm.N.;l - 36idep,tise don
in is an organic, not an aduntiis.o - ative
1t is a 'code_ not laWs,
rt 0:1114d in it can be execute .44xecpt by
a-law made".truder —tiotlfeven. the
latisie for recovering fugitive; ; slace .;
ASYLUM AW A Se.AVES,
Butl alit not'done : yet with the,beantie's of
fli;;,,r4do of repealing law by-tui a f. xeiiption.
licie is a further conseiteuee t.o bcidelteeted
Ni-ssouri ;ComprOmise c . omisfq 'Of
v4;;6listinct parts: lijsty an abolition e.ofslit
e6i.iti all the ancient • liontiatia. trth- and
NA: of Mis.9.ntri ; seebudly,
j .! • •
tie
pat
titq
his
ot
. .
the recovers - of frigitivo proves, in rrito
ry triple free. By
,ihe omitted yOxtenf-ion
this 'r,ectioli, bbilit4se parts are repeahNlSA
tract; of eontittiri*Or than:thp old ' thirteen
Ntlantie t , tAtes, AO bordering . , •A thousand
inileg on the British; dominions; is made ,an
asyl4in for'fug.itivOilares., - Then] will he no
law to recover a sloe from all that vast re-
gion
The constitution:ll provision IS litilited 'to
.state ;- the provision 'in the net'ef 17 8 . 7 is
limited to the Nprtliwcist territory ; the sec
ond part of the : Missouri.. Comprotaise exten
ded this right `to all territory:- north and. west.
of Alissouri—theSiiite to be most: injured by .
covering allthe territory north and west of
her, jltiitct out to the "British line, into - an iii•y- '
lunt•for TlthaWaV slaves... The lattuder.can-
not l:ie!coirectetc."(atj least in the! opinion-a ,
those who deny thei Constitutiogal power .of
Congress to legislatwon slavery ra_territories)
by :vii act of Congress. ; • j -
'Tiled comes the i !reason for ex'ceilting the
"MiFsiburi Coinprottifise• • from the \ e)xtension
‘Nliii;li is g i von At) al ;miss. .of laws I which.. are
not tficre, and deuNd : to it elf which is &here,
If the reason hail - Lien because it NVIIS already
there, it would have been a logical and coin-.
prekimsible reason;' but that is .nut the can se,
I..a•signeil;! . and these' whieji are assigned are
actually nuryrons.and cation, and Worthy
of Outnination. First; because it was super-.
seded by:certain nets of. .15.7i6; next; that it r :
is iti l ,:! onsiste.nt withithose. acts;. then : that it
is inOperative; and .filially, tliatit. never was!
thero,l::ling dead in its birth under the con
stitnition, and void! from - the beginning. s : • •
TIM 0M11:1'.0'...114 017' 18,50 nth "rcor SUPElliirliE
• vi l ' ' • .1.11:0.. ov. 1820- . . '• -
14:t us lorsl: . into these re:i4.ons,!Reriai:ni,as:
the laWyers , say ::alit Ilia of 'itpersession. It
is said that the melts - tires or). 80 - superseded
thiscOmproinise -of 48 . 0. . TVs() 7 iwliv, treat it
,
now;-as still existing, and therefore. to bare:
pealed 4. an exception m.(4.1101., to. t.;it rid of
it? !,i If it was repealed in 1.5.59 . ,,! ! wily - do it
!! : • , „_. ,f, ~, i i 4,‘ .., 1 Al
over aga i n m i ootz 1) 4 hui ..tile uCau 1
, 1
Built'--
0 W I s not suplsekteu ;,outacknowledgedl:
,
andjlecninimed by every 'spefikeri in 1850 th.at
refeired'tio the silt _et,
and li . 4
v &Yen- act that)!
1
ITieOfioacid it. Tlifs, beinginat ter cif fziettind f,
pi - 012 n! by all sortSiof testimony-pare l', wt.' t- )
ten,') and! record-=it ha& to be 4 - yen, up,;!!
[thrhugh a fest of )i.Jliti e al orthodei, asy long
as ii storid,} ani . iLornethihg else 4 . pat in its
Oade: . theretifioni r.tipersessiot/was.itileltasu
pers'eded by "ineohsistent.' Out of the frv-I
; .
ingspan Into
,the fire!. [Lang acri 'i'
• . .14icni:46.0..6;iiii63• .iut Jiliiy to stand.te-q
gether—two things will I cannot. stand to-:i
getil( , r—fri - ci. - m i aiikl. alisto. :Now, what' isi
tia.Oact. j with respect„t / 0 the , compromise !off :
18:2t) nlB5Ol ) Can they not stand' togeth-j
or? I: Anti if n0t.j0.3.- ..1.,..u:1-, tio. Citte. dolt /1!
tl:at 16 - atr,adv (10 - n i It is n o w four years;
since this'inaiiipt, tAtand together toeik of-)' I
feet; mid lioNydol - the two 'sets of, measuresd
makeoul. tOgether at; the end ;
.of this time . ,'I
Perfectly x . iX:ll. -They arc lAitlijon their feet--jt
siandingiKith upright- 7 am' Will stand so for-i'
ever, ur4ss 0,: - )nges; knocks One or the 0t1i...
1
er Of t' cat down.,, This is - 'tt -fact, known to J .
every iody, - and ;admitted by the bill inself;)l I
for, the first is inconsistent Aiitil the second 4j
au/S unable tOstand,• Why all lthis trouble toil.
put it down . 1N113,. trip urthe licels of the
'man already fiat On - his back i ; 11 the ground ?!!
Then comes antither reason—that this coin:l
•
promise of 1820 s. inoperative: and .void. If
those ! who ari::. against its operation Ehoulill
content. It hi in the very Condition tlrey
4 it—aides-I,
.powerless, inactive, dead-%,
arnt no
. bar to the progress of slavery to thei
North. Void is ';Vacant, empty, nothing of it.
Not, if the line . if SG - deg. ,30;miit. is inpper4 •
a tis:i? and void, *is in the slondition of a feneej
! tal li e d down, midthe rails carried awns, midi
the ; , eold- left open-. for the stock to enter.
Out , the fence i:i not pulled .down yet,, Tlie
liacj is not y.et.inoperative. and: void. It is tit 4
cisting substantive line, aliVe• ! and operatin
ah t li ep e ratiu g-e Octitally- to bar the progress.
of slavery to theinorth; and will so continue
to operate until Congress shall stop!' its oper-i
atioth •
. : !I. . • i ! . ' i
'Then c(!rnes the final !rcason, that there nev= .
er iy; - iis any such. line in the world—Viat iti
Wkiiiicon , titu‘iimal and 'void—that it had
no 6.istence fro the be,_ , rinnivg;. an:l
,that it
Inu4 - not be repealed liv a direct act, fur thai .
4:otild ' be to. aeknowledge its preVious exis-• ! ,
tenee, and tonolitly . the coiStittitiolial agree 7 : - !
Vat ; and; wlitist is more terrible, involve the
sithOrs.of - the 4etrine..iu t an..inconAstency-of
t,
heir ownt'au(l!.thereby make themselves in=
operative .and Od. And this .4 - tbe analyt
tjis Of the reason for the Nebraska: till-,- 7 thalk
lint of it whichis to get rid of the "comprof
in ise of
.1820; Ilii true, c intradiet ory, sudicial
and preposteron;s. • And why sell a farrage
of nullities, inc4. --, ruities . , and ” inconsisten
cies ~ t • .. .1! , : ' • '
i
! I;!.iirely and siMPiiy .to throw' Ilion others-4.
tipi:jit the Congzqs of 18i i 0 and the innee.ent
con'stitutioll- I thb blame . .of what!the bill it=
ljelf!is doing;; th blame of 'destroying. the :
compromiSe .t4fJl 820 ; and with it • destroying
all Confidence blativeen the North and the
-South, !anerarraying one, half the
,Union•
against tht oth4 in deadly hoStility. It i 4
to-be able tothrow blaiiio 'upon the innocent,
'that this,farrag is seryed up to us. •• ' -
•,
. j'rErtitriontAAoVniztrory, NONSEICS. ' t
_And What jislarl this hoteh-pkch) for •
• . It
is tai establish a principle ! of non-intervention,
Of 41itiatter sov(ireignity... Sir; there is no such
'principle. The! territories are the\ children of
t
thei!statesi "Tlit , Y. are minors, un de r twenty+
;ondj years of futF;! and it is . the business of
the!states, thr4glt their delegations in Cont-
;grey, to take .Care of these Juniors until filet
!arelof afire-=unit they are ripe for state i. - rot r !
erninent—then,lgive them that government,
!Ind admit thein to an equality . with their
atliers. That Jis the law)and.the sense of the
Taos; and has il)cZ.n so acknowliAgell, sin e'c
lie( first: ordina i lice In . 11'84, by all authori . -
ici, federal aiu state, legislative, judicial.an4
ekeentive. .A... < - .• :,'- . ..
Iliv states infCongr&:s are 1110 guardians 9f
the!territorie:i,-,and are bound ta . exercise the
!ritardianship; and cannot abdicate it with' :
!out a breaell-(4 truSt'and a detelicti9p-of Ott
-Ity.! Territorial
t
I.)oil,ii of theidiiv tind ambition; batched into
i - !xii:i.e.ii . ce in tli4 . hot incubation of a pre,siden- •
ilia canvass, a'nel revolting - to the, holdeis
ii.
when first presitnted, :Well .do; I retnemkt
that day witen!iit- wai first shOwn: r. in tile Soil-
!attf, Air. Ant'finy did not better!: rememlair
the day when4icsartirst put on that mantle
thijoit! , ll iybieli! he 'vas. aftuwairds pierceil
with three-andkwetity ": envious :stabs." . •I.t
wit's, in the . S.ClVe in 1338, and •as - received
as : tionas4.;:.7-af'. tho'es:ience of nonsense—as
tint: ii tl int.,: ts sei4 of 114:'.1 1 ,:ti11.--as the flq- ,
1
t.on
hare
; • .t 'tunes distilled e..'.. - sence ":) - e pelitical- nextSensial.
,•,. I ,'. '..; .. 1 1, 0-' 2r .\. •,;,,,': -,..1.H-,-,
'!'-!:.... I ; ...;-' • j•-• .., -, .., .1' -: -.-.:- -:: 4
TR
IPSti7i;r' r?}ici! 7.N,tu:..c
.f, , Wtytisi .
r, the tcritoryitielf iiipie . prepe r .
s
`ty, lof.Alnl.qtates, amithey do t r yliat, hey•plea,:se' •
!Avith'it-4 . ilem,rit:, - ,it i -,t0 . .m. : settk.4 57 . ;'not, • as
' f l.lic'ty
_l•iltw:e; cut it y inpdiye,..line , 4;' as they,
fpleu,se •; 't• el 1 I . t, or .ive, 'it away, as they pletiSe;
~cliasc.white 4)00; fronn.it,-..a.slhey iileasee r -- . -.
;After.ti6. p,,,,,, , ..40-4,/a - prodriikinaes. a
littletiiinp.Spee.c.li, • injected .in ilie!;belly.t.Of.,
'. the:bill, 111(1;i: . wide h'nfu'st -litive,a 'iirodirorfic:
etrect - wi enrcOted ini 1.4 v, pr.nirie.i l'ilttli out..
!towaras he - .frontiers, r and . :
.'itp . ':folWrlii4il -- t s he -.
.;Ile;nis . ofithe - er......2liS„''' (I,(',,,ioA,ter `. (tit& - 862,4 a:.
t ion.,Y 'twin regal it, nd. - 1, hope, vitlietttlfa.- . .
itiguing . the llonsc.;, l'Or. it is . , both brief and
(beautiful' , and-rfuis •tl4ts - i - 1 f . .. • ...1 . •,...,. • .
.::
.! • • ‘i It.bfr!ie true intent andtriCaninie . 'pc tliii'
inet net o. legiSlate slavdry 'into' any State of t •!.
~-
ritery; mil. to; exclude 't therefrom; bat; to li4Ve /
the people ihk•reof•per eetly free to Orin andieg r :
ulate , thefr. demesne • i Stitutions; hr.; their i- OWn .
,
way, *suliseticiely to' 1 re , constituttealef theAltil::
tea Stattpl" ! i
I Li- - ."
This is the speech,--arid 'pretty Ittle'thing'.
~ . ...
itself, and. very proper to be'spo , en'freipi r n:
stump in theLprairie. 1 It . has fiiterit;; and' a
true intent; which is 1 . peithe to/legisbite, nt.
li y/
all ? -))thy all this dit,turba ., ..ie'if - ilo. effect 4 -
pryd tIF.O, 1110 things to reniain . ju i 4 • as :they.
Were''. •!I,et 'well euo , ngli/alone, •wriS- the,i old
. doctrine of . progrers ;; land tliat'inspite: of the',
• Italian 4. - ipi taph, w 16cl/says - "I -Wfaß-Ivell,itnil 1
wentd, bi-,: better; 10.61- physio,.: and- .here 1 . 1
atn.". Ilut the, st ntes .ItnuSt be grelitlg - 'deliglp•;i
ted at the politen'eSi.: , a rid • fkirbentiin:Pe>.O . f this
bi 11....• Itipub l i state . S . iand terlitories npOn the
slime 6 19 1 i.tiw41 1 . r-eslteal• ti tie'-PoweT 01 ,
Congress; oyer„Tilien4 ' congtess 1 does ...net
• mean_ t . &. pit :slavery in or out of any State. or'
territory t /' To all that :polite: - .tilinegation's I
leave to.(saf that, in respect:of th , i,i;stittes,.it 4i
the syrpeterogation of [ mOdesty .tind Atuthility;l
as Coilgyecsliappens , , to have no power to put .
slave . ry in them,
.or (Mt
.6£ them'; and in re
1 s,Pect . ollhe territorie, it•is an abdication ' , of ,
, a eenstitutiOnal power' ,and •.dtit`y.; 'it being
/./
-the ii old of..pingress!lO le gislate' upon....sla-,,
I A-,,..ry. in \ l ll. , .te.rritovies.. and its dtttY to - thti• se.'
I when,' there , i's occasion forit-- - -aSliti 1787 and:
• , • ~. J
1820- . , v - •,
I objeCt. to.• this- shilia 7 shally,-. 7 lwilly-Worily
`.,-..don,ty-eart'ty-- 7 style . eflegistatien. (Rojri-s- . ,
opaughtcn)dt is iiet, legislative.: - It - is, P'4 . :
manly. i - It ';ii not Woniatil-,4; IT4 - - w.g . roik :
w obia talk that, Way ! ! :$0
.shilly:Shally in :Sa
woman. i Nothing ofi the, female, ig rider was'
ever, born yOungenotigh or lived liong-enough,,
to get- f,409.,:ged in fik l / 4 11 a quuridary - as this.
(Rep.ezi;ei/ tatighte4,),lt is • one thing ror the
with ihem :' and
,What they sav stick - to.
o Irenkini,i; lia'rgains„ . with: thi,i o ::.)"-±iu-t,-'. - rue
end of tie,;e . ....,. 1 , specell Is the !hest of -.th e . :
whole. ' Different from good ,milk, in which
the orerdo .1.4 . ;'s to. 0:1 top it here . .. 6 ettles Ito the;
bottoto, anti is in there words. , .: , . ',...-_.
'.. Leave it tO the- people thereof . that is to says
- of the :itfitc,fiii IA of thO lefritorit , s,,t: to reattinte
slavisry for tliitmselves.lns they please, .only Stito.: -
jeet to the' rorktitution lot the Unitclii ,Staies.'!!.- ''
- . Certainly iis is- a 'new subjeCti,on for the
.stater.-.. 'llerci ,.ii ofo - 41 f 1. 0 .). linveteeti.' ftee .to regti-f
'late slavery-foi , theinelves---tidmlt it, or reject - .
it ; 'mid 'that not 1.; . 1 Ivirtnc; !of any. grant 'of
power in the constittition, but bY,..virtue.olan
unsurreudered. part 4. - .1. their: oldi..so,veri,,rrtity.,
It 'is also new of the territotiO4, : heretofore:
. they' Ithve bOn held' . in be wards of •_Congis.,
and entitled to • nothing, -under' the Conititn ,
t ion . , but .. that - thiehl.Congiesi'gxtended •to .
thor n .- .• But; t 1 is" elated N ici rat! ai , Ciderititlly_
here;' it is to keeplipi. the dorms of'..tlie eon
stitution in. territories; but 64i...there:in.rela,L
non' to shivery, and !that. for, adraission- •
• . • • '. • -t.
not rejection.' i
'... Three dorkinas now afflict the 1 nd: videlicet
squatter .so;ereigntrg-,1 win -intervention,- - and
no poiter in t'origress to legislatelfipon:- ... klavery
in tetrit aria:l,. And this: Gill
,asserts the-whole
three, and beautifully - illustrifes'..•th - e'.Whole
three, 'by litiockingi each one .ion . the kia .
with the other, and trampling!' eaCh nyder
foot in its turn. • '',E , ii.., the! bill. does deny
sqUatter sovereignty, anti it dries. interVene,
and it 'does let : , , islate. upon "territ4ies‘ and for
a proof of that, see tht„bill ; atA,'see it" as the
lawyers . l-nyppsinzd . thft i's ..to day, here',, and
t -
,tliere,, irnd eyeryrlitire.l . \,,,,- ... '•
''. , .. .
It is: abill , of assuniptmns and Contradietions
.-ass...timing', AV hat is unfounded,i. and. contra .
diCtin , :r . wliliV .- -it 'issitines-- , ,-atill -.balancing
,
every affiriMitionhs , .'a i l.negotion..L It - is a see
saw Lill ; but not il e •nniocent 4ee:-snw.,*hieh
:chililt -, n pliy onin .1)1(1.11: . • stlie,lL..,tbrnith ~- n
• 1.,, • ..,. . ~
fence • 1 .- )ut, the, uP-and-down !ganie of- politi
cians,. . .
played. at thd , expense of :pie peace and.
luirmeny Of the Union, and to the sacrifice-of
alt bitsineAs in *Congres's. "It- is att. timpliih-.
- olooit.•fil .bill„ stuffed W i itlimoruksosi ties,: hob
bled v.ithcentradietions-and Badgered-lVith
a pro;viso. - (LaNght,, i fe.) i • • '1 ,• i i '• •
, '- •• J I 1 - - - - 1 - • _:. • 1-
EXFIIt:%TION-1 OF: THE. ItyISR—SPEAREK ILLOI7-
• '.. .1 El) T,O I'ItOCEED. •
i. ,
Att 1.1)35 vrint Bier.l3'enton's ; hour .expired,
and 41.6 cluirruraiN. ha i
rmer fell. Therewas
• 1 •-1,
.. . • .
a brio; contest for It hei floor.
'l.leotaitirrnin (Mr. 4 1 ;Anitiler) . assigned r it
to AE}.'ltVentworth of:Illinois. i: •- -
.. - ..
~ .
.)Itt.AVentivertli- r - - Mr` , ... Chairtnan,-I under . .
stair that the:gentleman ftptullissotiri -0.!i.„
(1 .
Bent ti) wishes to tlpeSk- but:a - few' . minutes
long r; and !I am therefore d&- - .#ous„,with: . fic
colisint of the conninttee,. to yteld him a per . ,
ti.on lifnly ihrie for that purp4e, • ' - . _ 1
.Mii. , ; - .7 1 / 2 .7.v.tird (Dean: of
.Georgirl) and 9thlrs
objed i ted.. i /.-- .t -r: ' • - . ' • - , .-• ! I
Al r..llayly (deirt;' of N,Tirginifib i --- . If tile-'jq'n- -
tletrutit.frOm Mis.sWsippi; who i:i en titled to the
flOor,l (,\.lr. Idarris,)doeS not desire, to avail.
hitn4lf of his right, I. wisli 'fro . :: address -tire.
comti.2, ;• . ?d •.. - :
nttte...,l " , ' ; ' -. ::•
....-
The:
.'lntinntin—Thel chair - recognizes- the
lontltthan froth Illinois" ? (Mr. -I.lVeritworth) as 1
havi.' .;. the lloOr. ' ' 1 .- - • 1 -
. :Nit.. NVe-titwOrtli--Ceitainly, , , sir ," antl,:-I -re
pent,l that if tilt: gentleman front„MiSsOuri - de-
ta ' '• 1. '''i'res ito• . tins floorluntit. )le, .tiniSlies-. his
S . ,peedli,,Jlive„,'.n.e . objection
..tei allowing 'him.
to (14 O out. nr,thy : tiiue. -'- 1, . •
• :Sir, ' ; lsnyty-41 . 1inve•iin objectiOri,-Mr.-Chair
mani.to the gtintlentani front ildiSsouti being
•
Pen - tilt tea tO . -go'bit'and conclude-iris speech;'
hut f the . gentletrian . Oora Illinois' 'does: not
want :the' IloOri -I will: Want
it ....
l'•. - -',... --- . • '.- .-..':,;
• mi r .- (hint-=-I hepe '1
the - gentleman • .045:m.
Mistniri will be allowed to proceed. •'-':' • •.-' ,
• -„'Allr...Welit.wbitli-L-Alolievo, - .. .Mr. Chairman;
thati,lthatOr,.tlin . 6iintreli of thnflooi, '-• ' : !..i.••.
-14 r.! CullbitiLl liepei•A•hatl•lie:conriest!of
tlic4Otnmitteti 'ill he - extendlA to the gentle
,..
Itt4Gonri,latul that Of.? will - be per-
inittteil • tO "icie6nt) . •l; sneh i fnitliet tniie , ha wilt en-,
n itiiiiii io'cirteitti46.4n!_'speeli: ;.: ThiiiiTii- , ..
I (Pei hili been fregt , i . e , il , t . ..,":gra tl tel. , tl : It i et:t.t fore.
• Mr, rlirt'gnitut-It ha.-3beenagaiti.ant again
.I.eiledout of Order. 1
• . 'f• .
'lliel - Chairrnan-=-'l,lle , ralt4 of 'the 'House`
taiilebe',Oseried.''llie "gt;ntlettirts' frorriAili.•- -
)lois In is the Tiler; 'Out 44 - phis" 4dsiid, , to.
:yield . ii, tfi'the:getitilfri'Azt - /fritiii Misionti 'for k
extildn'atiOn.':ral (!th l Wcii him be; drineunletsi
by the .ireterift' tense Wel the -coituilittee.' - .4z - ; • •-
' Mr. Wentworth—l'ask the'clirilf if 1-litlie '''..'
- thciloor.?' ' !"l'f /.I' - ' -.;
-1 •• ''.. -
. •.. ..:-.: ..-'
,'•
The c.itahlr) e4Tlielgetifleinan is - f.:erititled"; -.-
to Abi.rlieOryfandliteinn - mitteewill-Piesetre -
. voce, "sat hat the .e.,eutleman .eats proceed...-. :
M.l'efiiini
„of ' 3 IC - ew Mork'--'
. I - -nnivti-Ahrit •
:t/ii the 'i., ranin i !tee. rise;tfitt •thelcntrpOse - efsabmit. -
'-titir nit i en, to 'She Infk4; : : k• -
~.
• . i . fr. Perkinit,-;=-1. WitliMit: the'; mot
- / ..Many mernbeo-411i.Chtrir , rasn !: Mr Ch
ship: \ .:.,.- 7: 1 1; r.i . -;..., , Jzt,L; ; .-..;;.-; .. :
The Chainitan-L4hO gentlertintriteirtAlli-
nois hits the floor; :tied; gentlemeii.'will -take I''
their seats-and ;forbear certretsatiowl.' ' : .-: '.
In the inidSt of Miiehrie.ise and'. crinftision,
- Mr. IVeritiverili-prikeeded:i Iwitilii it •the •
outset of diy reniaks, , to knew 4Pat any ;tithe: I '
during this CongrO; ' when any; Met:Ober - of
this- IlOus.litrzi obtalprodifie- floor, and anotb- -
er geuth.ti c an;hat. - i&fnested n'shert'pertion of •.:
his tiine to itiiiliihis 7 ,,spoch; that tequOrt.has
ever heen denied-by the louse I, :;--: . • \'''
Itrlny inembi , r4-44Nevei ? hover: • , t i -.-
Mir.
Weittw i 4-
ortlirsuppin;ei-Mt.ebnirmnitc
that I have an lionriLima lean talk-if - tart, if
nece.ssnry ; :but, ne'rerthileiii,ittlie•kenqemitn '
from Missouri
,has*.t, finished his speecl4l an''..,
this is an. important queition--ras %the, eye 'of,.
the' whole eountryqs, tarried to ilia debate,:
and to the contse Which is!to-botaloen inithe
determination-kit•; &Ili 4- que.4tion--./. want; thi
whole , mania?' :t - to undersiand ;:thei -t4e 'old' .
est Ann. livin# in 'osigierti.,..the man Whnlivits
here it .the tinie:when thelltirsouil..dimpro+
raise *as adopted and: the..only '''.Matht, in! the
Avhole Congress, ;is Innis!: :veresed_, a eowlesy
which has been - refused to no other tieing Men..
Let ik'Wo`out to the'iccumtry::!,. ~.' ..."-, -- - -.--,
Mr.obbl--The gentleman's statement:,
not true in; tiopit...of fact!. '': ! ! !; • -2!
, .
Mr; Orr•-+Xler in-niiitaken.- . - - . .
.';=; ,`f --
blr. - Reitti,--"As;!; the-k....Nitleman. -,-tv Ms.! the '
fact to go tdthe 'country,' it WoU
ld , e -;yell..
tztotili for hint tOsittite thenk.ari,they are.:
[Orieiof 44 0r4r17-!1 41 1 Oiier r , all -oxet, the
llouse.), ;-' i - ,=-.;:t .1 T. : -1 ;.• :
-_, The Cbairtion+-The-gentlemani front ..,111i
nois,is upon the •fleor, and Igentleuten-will pre
serve order. , I ',:, I: ; ~. . - - . , , •
After oidet‘waS ;•Ostoreil, ..- 1 - •
Mr. - Wentworth continued-4 ot_tee more
ask that the'kentleinan ft.** Missmri-may be
alleWed to .procetid.l -.-: r. 1., ' L- • • 4
Mr. 9 Cullom--4Wi 1 • the.4.eutleinaniromllli-
/lots airew Me hi lo ot !. -,1 _. • . r , ~ 4
'Ale - NATerityvortir ,I yield. t.h to e gentleinart"
for a moment, - i 1 . ~' - • -
Mr. Culleta--4,understand. that•the gentle
man fro,m:Alissonri Cvould,desire-,,lnit a few
minutes of time . loriOer;--iind I do-hope, in
view of the irnpottance of; the Aaeition, and'
in view of the great age and - .. perieuce in
le.gislation . of, the ;„ gen tlem an„ ;: he': l / 4 %-ill be -allow
ed to.proceed. ' 1 ' 1 .4 - - ' '
- Mt. Clitginan,--;4litte to • st, point. of 'oilier.
The gentleman cannot , make a speech inside
of the gentleman, from 111i4ois. ! -
,-,, -2 `.,.
Mr. Cullom--I air procieedine; b,y. the per
inission of, the •• treptlenran ifrottilllinpiti, (Mr.
Wentworth,)-.end not by the courtesy, of the
gentleman fromottli, Co:relinn„ (Mr. eling
mat,) for I never appeal tk, his 'court eiy.
(Criw of 0 ,G0ed., 1 4 " 940317. i .• - - *„. • -
Mr. Cullom—l say„hem, in the face of this_
t
committee; tbet.h l ave` Ken tliiil..epartesy ex- \ -
tended i over and! ever agaba, during my short
probation:in Gotgre.ss,-at*.l. I ask if there is
anything pe.cnliav in the:case lif the •yentle
tuan front 3lisiouti :wlii - a discrimination.
should he madelagamst hinif 1. .
Mr:Clingituin--I inaist;Upon my point of
order,- that, the gentle Mas not in
order. _ -..
I ' 4 Mr. Culloin-4. appeal' to the committee to
I extend to the zentleman n. fen- minutes, iincli
hope they will - do it. ~ -, , !:,
Mr. Wentworth-tlt is 'evidently within the
power of any" °tie member. of the \conirnittee
to object to the !gentleman f-rom Missouri pro-,
ceediil g. -I am tool well acquainted with the
, rules ; f this House to trespass Upon its,;conr
tesy, rlf it is the; detetinination, even of one
indiviklual, to ohject. Birt ; if i I undeiistand
the rules, a majority mar allow 'the.gentle
man to proceed;-i flit is taken out 'of my.time.t
Mr. Clingman— : , - .Not at all. -, ;.' - •:,
Mr. Peet-hint —What is the decisicm of the -
Chair upon the! question ~ _ , ;
Mr. Washburn, of Maine—Will - the kemtle- 1
man from Illinois allow the a word It ' .
[Cries of " Order l" "Order r
Mr. Washburn-L-1 wish . to state. theiques
tion; ' I ; • '.l - -
ir I.
Mr. Lay 0 n.) 7 .-1 call the gantleman to,,
order. Ile is net addreS . sing thoUhair.- .- !
The Chairman--=-That.ii not a point of or,
\d en , ; •. , - . z
l' i
Mr. "Wasliturn--In the last Cofigress, a
ease precisely z7irnilar to Lthis this; int" nrred. A
gentleman from. Kentuckywas occupying the
floor fern cettaitetune',• his tinie expifed, and
I obtained the floor., '.I v'elded pto_bim for
further remarks, and, upon the motion of some
'gentleman, thelcornmittee gave .him Am ex
tension of time.; I , i " , r\.. :;
'Mr. Ore—That ,'as by : unanitnotts consent,
not' by a vote of the committee._ ' ' , -
Mr. W was aslibitintby a vote 'of' the
committee. The frentlernan is mistakelL 1 ,
I Mr. Orr-4 a,l - .lhe viulemari to produce
the.record. Ido not thitik. such, a ,cas.e has
ever occurred. I, I -.. - c
The Chairman—nte g, entlonan, from Pa
tois is entitled 'to the tloer, and ciumot ytelil
it but for, the puipci , se of explanation,- . except
by the fianimous consent; of the,dcatimtteei:
Mr. Peckham--grotri that deeision - I- re
spretfully appeal. -j` ' 7 1
• The Chairman-H -The (litestioti- Wilt ' het
'Shall the decision of the chtut. stand as a
the-judttment Of the "corriMitteikr , - ,
Mr. Peckliatn--t understand there is no
of je - etion to the gentleman froniMissotni firo
ceeditur with his remarks in- mrtime if ha
' had-been allowed' to go on. - 1 e
severSeveralm
gentleCn here ;arose at th alma
titne and addriesFed the elialt. 1 1., .
Mr. Smith, of Virginia"— . 1 rise to a ipes
tion of 0r+.1, , r. 1 I want to' know ' who is anti. ,
tied•to (he flot 4 r. i . , ' - r
The ChaiihuanTha gentleman''from Illi
nois is entitled- to r.
the doe'
At"l4 StnithL-Then I hope the gentleman
from Illinois will,proceed;
" The Chairmart----, 'lbw , . Chair: understanits
that an appeal hatibeen ,taken (rem thO do
cision of the Ontir,l and ,the- gentleinan ont
-Missouri cannot f time- ceeil; in the time - o the
fr
gentleman frOm' 'Twig Without the uttuti-