The Montrose Democrat., March 23, 1854, Image 2

tit 9t4 - cseStatite -- 'With — great -- eariteattitiii :.by.
hfr• Lo Wades, of oath Carolina,ind Mr, Mercer
of Virginia • and here again is' the most persua
sive vot,l'of the oath. IYher4asaed ley Can.
gress,lt next ca no before the Priisideittihines
Monroe, of Virgda, for his approval, whtr - did
. not sign it till after the unanimcias opinion of
his Cabinet, in uritint,i, composed Of JobifQuitt-'
cy Adams, William H. Crawford,Sraith Thonp
son, Sohn C. t e ... 7 allionn,rend - WillianiWirt- . --ii ma
jority of-whom were Southern menthat the
prohibition of S . avery in the Territories was con
stitutiorial. .T 1 us 'yet again. the Compromise
• takes its life fro the; South. - -.-
- .As the Comp omisie took its life from ,the,
'1 :1
South, so the S uth, in the judgment of its Own
• statesmen at th 'time, and according to 'toques-.
• tionable: - fnets, was the ' .conquerinz party. •It
I n
..gained forthwit t its.darling desire, Th e jirst and
essentiaNstage • the admission o Missouri as a
sls.ve.State,t on unmated:at the next session of
Congress; and subsequently the admission of
Aikati - is, , alSo . ' ill shire State.' Fromjheirtish-'
i ;
ed and liuMbl North', it received More - than 'the
fell trinsiae.rati n stipulated in its.favori . thi the ,
gide,.of- the No th the contrael i has been tam :
than ekecutcd: -And now the South refusei to .
pirforin ,the pa. t. which it "'Elgin:lllY proposed.
1
WI 'assumed
-in this ' transaction. : With the con
sideration in i . pocket, it repudiates' the bargain
• Whieh it. forted upon the country... This,'sir, isit
." siiriplestaternehtof the present . question. -
• - A subtle German has. declared; - that he could.
. fin& hresics i , the Lord's Pruyer--and. ; I be
lieve it is only n a this spirit that . tmy flaw can be
• round in .the d3.isting .obligations of this eons''
pact.-. As lit is 1848, in . the discussions of this
body, - the Senator.from Virginia, who sits behind .
- me; Dlr. Mose ',l while condemning it itonmiy
aspects, says •
• ." Yet Ss it v
the South for 1
• the'llit to distil
pvielix,istses:
887, •
as, ngseed to n a Compromisa - y
he sake of tho Union; I 'would bi.
t rb
. •
zon, 301 Congress, VoittmnlBp.
, -Exen this'd*.tingoislied Senalbr :recognised 'it
as am obligation which ho would not - disttirb . .--.
• And, though disbelieving - the original conititu
tionnlity of tle arrangement, ho was clearly
.'Jright. I.ltrrou , , sir, that it is in form -simply: a
'legislative . act ; but as the . Act of Settlement in'
- tngtand, decla`ring the rights andliberties qf the •
subject and - setiling . the sucqessiOn of,tle, Crown,
has.become a liermanent, - part of the British con.
stitution, irrepealable by any common legisl.
,
tion, so this act i .undcr all the circumstances al
tending its passage .aldo by lang acquiescettee
and the complete perforioance of its conditions
by one party; I has hecoine rt. pakof .. our funda.
mental law;lrreportlable by any &amen .legisla.
ill,
tion. • 'As well might Congresti . at this-moment
undertake, to verhaul the origfnai purchase .of
. -Louisiana, as nconStitutional, and now, on this,
account thrust' away that magnificent herii. l, 4c,
withall its cith '
s, stlteS and territories, teen 4r,
with civifitatian; The 111isspori compaet, - in its
.unperforined 'obligations to Frecclotn,!standitt
this day as impregnable, as the .Louisi,antrpur;
chime.. ' • - •. •
. . ,
. . .
lapper.l. to Senators about rite, not to disturb;
it.: ' , appeal to . the Senators. from Virginia,
~to° ,
keep inviolate the compact-made in their behalf 1
by
. James Barour and Charles Fenton Mercer.
I L appeol to the S'enators from South Carolina, to
'guard the leer' of John Gailla:rd.i,anil' William
'owfides, - T a, pool to "the Senators from Mary
lend', to uphol the Compromise -which elicited i
the constant stipport of Samuel Smith, arid was
frst triuraphanfly pressed by, the unsurpassed 'el-,
oil/tepee of Pi kney. I appeal to the Sail - der*
from DeLawar ~ to' maintain the - landmark • of
EFeeclom in-thi . Territory of Louisiana. earlyjles.
pnused by f,[ults : , ,feLf;ne: I appeal to • the Scri : I
ators from Reciiucky, not-to reputliato the ptiidg . - 4
es of Henry Ciay. I appeal to the Senators from
.Alabama, nof - tk break the amreetnent sanctioned'
,h y.,.1,1 c, .a i4 es .--ret A otos
” the
I ,S .. ena 1 t
0o7 : o1f-,' .. th
... • e
1: r1 4 . te
King. Sir, I have he-sea --.4"....---1— , ... , --,--1.11.4.-..f.astc.._i
a stein - like a wound. i If there be , any, such in
this chamber—as there surely is—it will hesitate
to take upon it'self the stain of tills repurili,tion..
• Mr. Presid.cir.!t, it is not only asainitifr.aetion Of
sob;mri edinpit, emlodied in 'ancient taw, that I
arraign this bit : I arraign it - also as- a flagrant
rind extravagant "departhre from-the original pol
icy of .our fathers, consecrated b); their lives4pin
ions, and acts. I• ',
And here,sl ;bear with ,me in,a brie? i
rectitrq •
Gr anquestiond facts. .At the' period of She.
i
Deitaration of , ndependence, there was upw...rcla
of halfa millicii colored-persons in slavery thro'-
oat the CuitedCokinies: These unhappy people
.
,e..erearigiaallylstolen from Africa, or were the
• children c9f those who had bee:: Stolen, .and, tho',
distribeted, th4v.gliout the whole coontry, - were
to .be found-ha isrgest• numbers in the. Southern '
States.._ llirt the spirit of Freedom then preva:l-
ediri the lanai The fathers of the, Republie,•l
lenders in ° the 'tar of Independence,' were struckl
With the inconisteney of an appeal for their own-'
liberties, whil,,,hekting, in bondage
_their fellow
iumvonly " giiilty of a skin -not :colored like
their own." • the Same con-Action .'animated the
, hearts of the peciple, whether at,. the. North! or..
South. At a ;town meeting, .at‘ , Danbury., Cor :
neCtient held tin the 12th:Peeember, 1778,-, the
following act:ll/ration was rnude : .. ..- • '
"It is with .iinp - ilar 'pleasure we note_ the. seC
cod.artiele of l i the AsS i ociation, - in whiCh it is a:
greed to import no mo re negro *slaves, aS we can:
not bat think -it a palpable absurdity so loudly to
coalplain of atltemptstd -ensi.av4 us while . We- are
aetaa.lk easin• L ing oth . err—Am. Archiros, 4-th SO
ries,X43l., 1, p. 10.38.
;
The South •esponcied in sinailar . straiak • - At a:
meeting in.D, riee, Georgia, in 1775, the foilow.
• ing importantlresolution :was_put forth / I , ' -
-"' the show
oworld that-we are not ihfluenc:-
P .
~:I;by:an em traeted or interested. motives, but
by a - general hilanthrepy for all mankind, ctf
~3
whatever On ate, language,; or complexion, we
I:treby declare: .our disapprobation and --abhorrence•
of the'un•natu / practice - iii Slarery—(howevOr
. the unetritiva ed state of- the country or- other
• cpeeious argir t Ments May plead-for it):--a, practice
founded in initsZtice and cruelty, and highly den
ill
gercras to on liherties.as well as lives,- debasing
part elf our fe L low,ereatures beldw men,a.&col
rupting the vitrtoti and morals•of they res .; and,
"flying the in - Is 6f that liberty . we cent°. d for,
c f.,
. stud Which' w pray' the Almighty to ceiitiune to
the latest pm. terity, i , upon a wring' foundatiera—a
We therefore resolve at all times to use ITC act
most i , ndearm's for Oe'rn.onumission of oar slaves
in' thiS-Colca y, upen_the -most . safe and equita
bleit
fticrting - or, .the masters - and,themsel ves."—
Am. Artliiu - 4, 4tli . Saries, Vol. 1; p. 1135. - -
_ . .
The soul k . ' ire this period found
' 4V' • ' during• •
-. found 441.s•ci soul.
ntteaance -through Jefferson,
wino, by pier cions and immortal words, has en:
rolled himself among the earlieet'Abolitionists of
, the country. In his ' address to the' - irginia
1
Cenvention c f 1774, he openly - avowe „ 'wfile vindicating the rights of British . Athletics, hat
" the-abolition of domestic slavery is the greaOst
object, (.t . d-isire„..im - these Colonies,. where it
was unhapphy:introducod in their infant state."
• - And then, ec.du, in the -Declaration of liidepend
ence, he enitiodied sentiments, which, then - I rtie-
tiealls; applie, will give Freedomto every 81ave.
..throcighout t e lend.. •"11te hold-these, truths to
l i
be self • evict pt," says 'our - couritrY, ?ilea -king 'by
toe-;voitie of efferson, " that nll Men are created ,1
eqiitilliat •Itiret are endowed with ce..ahr inal-'!
lenablo•rightls'—that among these ,are life, L1‘11.. 1
.E11:1'31 - , .and . t ., ,lie pursuit of happinciss:" . And a- -
gain, in-the 'onress.,.of the Confederation, he
, . brought forrifard, as oarly . :as . 1784, a resolution•
to exiiludo sli.ivery fr,om all th;•_Territory "ceded
, .orie):)O . .re od" by the . States of the P.ederai.
,Goiernritent including the irhole . 'Torritery now:.
cOvereikety enuessee, Mississippi, nnd;Ahibaren.
Lost.ut first ya. single vote only,this measure;;
in a wore re trieted form, was retieired lit a soli,'
~
• secioent day, by an, honored.son of Massachusetts,.
and in:1101.. ns• finally :Confirmed in the Ordil-.
niaet .of the ti rthwestern territory; by .a utian
.=. .
. mons l. *ate 6 the States. '. - .- i--
• . .. „
Wis. Or! and distinctly do ire discpra :the
Atiti-al&yet • character of thelontiders, .of ?pr:
- . Affrivit.; and . their determination - to ' price the
Nsittotuil Gok, - ernrizept , Within ;the; sphere of its j 9
riiiirAk":o3; o p enly, activety; :and persettmliy• on
tie alilit ‘ Of *freedom.. - '..' . ..!.. - 'T ' • ~.. - -
• 'T.lie..,.b4tl6nal Coustitution %rat adopted isil7BB:
. ..
a here fiO 4 .diseere.,the same 'spirit.
~ 'The "em-
• pitatW*4l . „Of ;14e deelaratierriof Independente,
olio . Voit*, , e. tautly Wok urierYiti. lips' . as
. lialitis7.
mantanp.,, .h it claimed its placeeit among
11 4 0p ii i rt
anahlOSAO O r OttlntOtrrette+Fathem liheniitde,
... 1 ( ,
t
c loa'slia . . - 6,l4natc; . o,,Animg 6ther,thingsiito estab.: .
' iiihjit*.n,,, ..,19:11t044;ttie ,Ankral iyelfare;andia
t ri
. . s egitietio 'b oilditkottiberky to..ourselvev 'mo
p0i:444( 1 1% w ' kg - iikei**3,o s undetilabielriirde, ,
.;hotastittitinsi:- tioi:toiriirr*,r.'Atc*-=-01,ittiltib,:l.
.“7;11 ~,!:!"-..:.;',-. 1 , .--'7z: .: - :,-: .•*--'l'.. ' ," '.. 1-.
r .. "ve not - CO
aoc ~or a ne-ton u.a — e/ e
special intetTat slaVeholders-i—not to make
§lavery. national in any way, fermi er tnanner.=
tiof to foster this great wrong,ip. to " establish
jOstiee,"„prOme/e•titegetierat w et are, ". mid
cure the biesSing's LibertV l. :The ,discredita.
blewords Slav! and &trent: were not : allowed
to find a flice tiq this ins,fr.topent While .4 'elapse
wag SuatiY siided by ". , a:ay itir‘notettidiitent,
And bmv, Sccordinittl).the tales bfinterpie
tation, par icularlY revealing the sentiments
the 'found4,rs, which is caleulated,liketii3 D
anon of Independence, if practijally apiiiied, to
.cagy Freedent to all within • the tipiterelpf its in
fluence. it.was - specifiically deClared, , that" no
arson shall be deprived office,- liberty, or pcort
tqty,'without dite , process of law that. is, with-
out the proientinent,indietment,lor, other jaiticial
proceeding." Here is :In express guard (1( on
al und . nn express interdict -on its ;inva
sion anywhere within the. nationfiliurisdictiOn;
It is eyident, from the_ debate§,oni the Nation
''CUnitifutio-ri,llint-1181arery;like the alive trade
was - regnrabxf . isieinporary; nd iv-semis:to
hare'beetr Suppeadd by, -.mita) , ttOi zthey . -*ould'
togeth % Nor do:any NV,ords em-i
`ployca -Our gay denounce it Witt an. indigna-,
Lion more burning, than that _which •glowed on:
the lips or the. Father. `Early 'in the -Convert
Lieu, Governc:air. l sforris, broke .farth in the
of an nt;olitionist Ho aiecr, could con-,
, cumin uPhOhling,doisestie 'slavary: It was the
curse f Heaven.' In'Ariether ;mood, and' with
mild, jitridiCal thoul:llit
wrong to admit irf - the t'onstitutien the' idea of
preperty in Man." And WAshington. in letters.
wntteri !near this period- . ;—whicii'completety do:
scribc_the-aims of an- abolitionist—avowed that
it was among hia first wishes to see sortie...plan
adopted byl width Slavery. May be abofislied by
law," and that to this end "his suffrage Should
not be ranting."
• .._
. . .
'', •In Ole:Spirit vas' 'the - Naticinal-:Constitution . ,
'adopted. in- this spirit the NationaV Govern
wont was first` organized lundet• -Washington.---,
And here there is .tt
: fact. of, Peouliar.isigniticance
to which I "time .alreay, .on .a . iformer ', occasion;
calledittention, but which is well worth"- Of per
• petual' nientori. ''. l .t tae timel that this I',great
ehfef.tobk his iilrst oath •to suPPort 'the Coilstitn
tion 'cif. the United' States: - the national "ettsien poi':
-where
,withirt.thenatiortal . Territory , core,re4rt . sin-!,
gle sThce.' On the sea an 'exe c rable pirapy, the'
trade, in slaves, was still, to the national scandali .
tolerated . underthe national flag. ..in the States{
.as a seetional institution, beneath, the -.shelter of.
local, laws,Slavery unhappily fund a liPme. But
in the only Territories at 'this time belonging to
the Nation, the broad region' of the,northWest, it
had atteady' 'by tiel ordinance Of Freedom . , been,
made imposSible, bvon b'efore the adoption ;of the
Constitution: . The District -of Celiunbia,l, 'with
its fatal dii.w,ry had not yet beep . acquired. I,
-;
.Entering upon . - hii: high duties tVesliington,
blinsel on abolitionist, was suiretinded by men;
whreh • their lives and - lecl-';re.'d' opinion's,' w I-e
.-. \ • - '
.
•p!edged- to - Warfare with . slavery. .There was
Jiihn Adlitins;the - lv - ico. Picsident, who lindl, earl;
r.nnounced that "leln\senting to. slavery • is 're
- sac-.2 •
religious breach of trust." Thirt was.4.lexan:: 1
vier.liamilten;:who, as,a,-inembpr of the aliblition,:
Society of Nov Yorki li.i'd- . otily recently tanitcd ,
in a solemn petition* for these, who thoug,ii peel
by t';c lauts of' Gi,3,..--4:ihtlii in Slavery bythe lairs ,
of the State." There
..wns alio, .anollicr 4 SpOt., 1
leS - s rarity, and 'en•rm:mding influence, John Jay,ll
Presill'e.nt'of the
abolition SPeiety of Newil'ork 1
c
uOtilliy the nomination of ' Washington be be .
carne Chief Justice of the . United. States. in hii
sight l : Slavery was as I "
iniepiity"H ,
"a. *,n of.
crimson dye," rfainst.which ministeratif the gos,,
pet should -teSttl3 - , and
,which 'the' Government
1 1 shOnliiseek. in every .‘-n*:.•,,,t'o abelish.' '. Were I
in fle Licglslatitre," he wrate, "'I would .ttesent I
1•a bin; for the purpose with gr eat care, and I wouhi..
fiever• tease moving it till . itibeChine a' hi4er II;
'ceased•to. be:it member. - Till America conies in;
..LO . , this taco-sure. liz;r.ii-ayer.: t- , -.I ttraven will I n ,
impious: ' Br such men :was Washingtod. stir:.
Tonna a, -4-irac Truro , nra -- 111.........,........,;,,r 4 ,h :
vOCQ. :r.P4tri4 - llenry, amidst confessions real
i
he wa, it:master of slaves, -crying', '''l. - vVill;not, 11l
cannet.jnatify it: However culpable my conduct ~
I will so far pas ropelevoir to' - I, virtue aS to own. I,
the excellence and rectitudelof I her prciepts. and I
' lament My waritof conformity Ito ' them.' .r, Such 1
wordkas these fully coming from our .leaders . : l
• • 1 I
belong to the true glories of the country': 4 i;
;
While we. such precedents -ctht. boast at'iltoine;
Keep thy rairricus-and thy .Cato, Rothe 21 ;i I
The 'earliest Congress uhdet the Constitutions I
adopted the Ordinance of Preedom fortlic NOrtli
westerniTeiritory and thus ratified the prZlillibi.;
tion of Sl:is - lon-in allthe existing Territoijes•Vit
the Union; `i, Among those_ hhw sanctioned this
1 . get were inert - - frlesh From
,the labors{ of the Con: .
tendon, said therefore familiar ;with its pcilicy.-H.
But- there ii another. Voice iviiieli bears testimony.. ;
in the same direction..: Among the petitions pre4 i
-- t i sen t e „; to . the 'first:Congrtss, was one, froth the
Abolition 'Society, of Pennsylvania, '. , signed by.
Benjamin) V r ,-:nlOinaS President. I This Venern 7
' nide' votary i, ( 4.17,,, : „,:1zyrti,; who 'throngliontia Icing
life had4lenclidly-see'ed hisl;country -eV home
and abri - 6dH..Vhose.narrie, signed. to the Ileelara
' tion of -Indii3inderice, • gave added :itnpprtance
• even to that. Igreat instruments mild then-,.again ,
signed to the ICenStitution •of-,the united •States,
, filled it'vvitli the. 'cliiirth - of , wisdomHin ';them.
1 more than in' any"other man; the true spirit of
. l
,ArneriCati Thstitutions, at. once practical lint:l..llu- ::
[ . mtne,was teinhodied—whol knew intimately the I
I,purpOSCS
r and asPirutions'Sf the founders--his
Ivpterin stntesman, then eifeity,:four . years ;of . gc,
lailyse t ared at- the bar of hat 'Congress,lwhise
('powers he had helped to . efine'Snd 'establ)sh,a l nd
1 by the lastlpolitidal Seto his, icing, life, 41,11emnly
entratedj."thatit Would.be -pleased, to .
,Coutite 7 „ .
' fiance the restoration of liberty to thOse unhappy
I inctilWhe aione;ilu, :this land of:Freiedom;Jtre de
: raged,. intP", prrpettial :bondiage," and cf• that it'
iviiiild.step to the very verge of the powler.ves
.ted :in it for DISCOURAGING. every species of
traffic in the persnns of our fellow men.", . only
a-shert time after, uttering; this prayer, thC patri
ot, sage - idescPrided to . the tothb ; but he, seems . I
still to call upon Congress; irnmetnorable.:,wordS;
to step_ to the very serge : of Mit 'poicer; rested ; in, it
to discourage Slarerii; and this prayer . , notv Sou'- I
ding from the tenth', of Franklin, proclaims the
encouragement, tint
. discobragement of Slarery,..'
net-its nationctlitatiou,'kuf its , denationc44#ticriT,
was their rulP.,- I - . • ;-• "- • 1 ,
'Sir, the original policy of thel Country is.clear
and. unmistakable. Compendiously expressed, it
W. i-uatrinterienlion . by Congress with Siary in
t)4.States, a nd its pr'phibitigniin 01l ,the .n . ational
di nail:. In thiS:way,t.he discordant feelings on
this subject were reettnied.. !Slave reasteirS were
left at home, in -their respective Statesoo- ling
Sqiv:ery, under the Proteetioitrif local lases, with
. Ont any interference, from Congress, while all
opposed to it %fore exernilted I-from any re:spin:il.
bility therefor in thelnational- domain., This; rir
is the 6omraon . .g.round on. whiehl our political
fabric'. WaSteared; and I do 'not liesitatO, to say .that..it is the Only ground on 'which it cap stand
in permanent pence. •
_-• - , .--,.. - i ' - 1
, .
It is rley en dA; esti on, sir„ that our Cbnstitu.
tido iwas framed by •the loverS of Human'ltights ;
that it wits i animated by their - diVirte tpleit ; that.
the institutton of Slavery ,was regarded. by their)withii'ersion,
with laversion, so that, though covertly :alluded i
to, it 'was not named in the instrument ; that, :lc-
cording to the dehatcs in the convention': and
looked for Ward to thvertaid day when it would
be bliterated from t o t bind. But the tlriginal
p i l
p dl cy orthe Gov torment !did not long pre
r
Nal .. The, gerteiens sdntiments which filled the
1 early patriots, giving to them historic: grandeur,
I. gradually lost-their power.: ; The_ blesalnge of E
1 freedom being already secured -tothemselves the
!I freemen fifth° landgreuriinditlareet to tike free-1
dom -of: there: They r ioned 10, thinki:of the 1
irslaces. ' he slave-routers ,tveired thetnaelies of i
this indigence, stud, though few in, nntrthers, t
i r
'compare ' with' the nonallayslio)deve, even, in the r
slave Staters, - (according to-the late censno they!,
are fewer than 300,000 , in the whole
.eguntr.F4l
therhave,*nder the bilk's - nee
.ef all ifOgined 1
Belf-interest, by, the...skilful! tigetleir 41f party, ' and'
especirdly.by tra wahesitating, perseveriaLi, union I
tn
a,eng theinselye4—tivenying,,by °turns, both they
gvimt -Political parties,-entepOied, through 2 coll.,
tirl-orthe National GoVertutteut, bending it tol l
theirporposes,! . cerepe/Ang-4 to their will, audi t
imposing tponi ?it a poliey .ifliendly to Slavery ;
offensive t .Frlmdotu only„ tnxi directly ••tipposedl
to the sentienents-eritalnunders.; Out
. I .ltePittb- 1
lit has swollen &n' POPCAtiOn' imd° Power ti but: it
Was at ibe beginning, it RepoPic merely,permit-1
tiag, while:, :iii logretterl Slavery ;,...toletutieg it ;.
nly where it.eindal - not - bri; removed, siOdihrter4
i ieting it where it‘lid; tt.rttßniet--but ititniehtyi
ropwdist, openbr favotiog find vindieoh)g: ,
c ,
; visiting, altio„ 1%104 disgatture , all iihr? pri.. , ,
popflt.l _ " ---' . ":` . ,•,I.* : i
. ~ .
fiettsPrePire*te Comprehend the true
character of the change Sith:regard to the Terri
tories, In 17S7intl tlie existing national domain.
was promptly and unanimonsly dedicated to free
,-dom,without of positron orcriticism. The inter
diet of 'Slivery, Illicit 'Covered every inch of soil
belonging tollteiNatiOnal Goyernment.
i-egiori beyond the bounds'oftho
originnl Stut# . ,riYtts shbsegnently . acquired, and
in; Initt, after a'-etteinent Struggle, which shook
the whole Ititid;idiscoinfiitted Freedom was com
pelled, by a dividing line, to it partition with !
very, This nrrringeincet, which is its very terms,
. was exclusively 'ppplicable texti particular territo
ry purchaSed.frOni fisnce, has been :Tempted as
final down to thit present session of Congress;
but noiv, sir, here in IlBs4 3 ,Freedoni is suddenly
summoned to .snrrendec even her hard won moie
ty- Hemet-if the three stages :at the- first,.all is
consecrated t!ti Itrecdtm ; the setiond; half
while at thettltiOd,..al is to be opened to Slavery:
Thus is the original Ipoliity of the" Government
altselately reversed. Slavery,whieh, nt the be
•ginning; was a Sectional institution, with no foot
hold anywhere the national territory, is noiv
exalted its a nittiono -; institution, end all our
broad doidain ;Is . threatened: by . its blighting
shadow. . I! • . ! - _
• Here are :prOisiona, determining the main fea
tures in the • Qor k erninetit-4he distribution of
powers in the flkeeniive', the Legislative, and Jti
,r • . •
dicinl.departmOts, and the [Wyllier in which they
shalt be resPectively constituted--seenring.to the.
President, wititithe'eenreht of the Senate, the.c.p.
,pointment - 41 . the Govertpor; the seer turf, and
Alto judg,es,;ami to tlt peoplethe elect on of the
lgistature-cirdaini4 the qtuditicatiOnsef voters
the salarlei•Of the public Officers, and the daily
:eompensati6n Of the meMbers of the legislature.
Surely, if Cpngress Itnly establish - these provis
ions; withoht any interference with the rights of
territorial Sovereignty, it is'nbSurd to say thatit
mavvpotal.io prohibit Slavery. I -". ' . • 'V .
but therh is - in the very - billlam express prohi
bition on the Tt i rritOry,.Vorrowed from the Ordi
•nincif of 1187, and rfperited inl the every act or
ganizing: a Territoryi • or even A new State, down
to the presentfirne, Itt•herein it is espress!ly de-.
Oared, „ that ',OO tax! shall be imposed upon the
property of the Uniied`States," • Now, here is a _
. ; 1 v
'clear and unqmistiortable restraint upon the soy
erehinty -of Territoriel .. andStates. The public
.., . . ,
lands Of the United States; situated within an or
ganized Territory or! State, cannot lie regarded as.
the instritnzeny and 'warts' ues:essary and proper
I to execute . the severeig,n powers of the nation,
like-fortiticattoris, ArsenalS, and navy yards.—
They are strietlyj in the nature of private properly
bf the - nation; ! AM aa' Such,: unless exempted by
the forefzeing'pr4hibitioni would clearly lie with
in then field of 'Wit taxation, liable, like the
lands of other. propr l ietors to , ail customary bur-
'dens•and incidents. •j Mr. JUstice Woodbury lins
declared, in. a ck , ellLeonsideted jofigment, that
" where the .I.7nited - States own land .situated.-
!within the !Mills! of ilartieidar States, and over
Iteitieh they havel . nme . essien of jurisdiction, for
'objeets eitheraperial or gtmeral, little diiubt 'ex- I I
:its that the rights and remedies in relation to it
are usually the same as apply to other landhold-
ers within thy, BtaZies."--(tittited States Ts., 1 '
WOodlottry slid liliriot. p. 76.) I assume, then,
that without ibis i ptioliibition theso - jand s would •
be liable to thxa 1,4 i. Dries any. one question
this?•- Notto4.' The conclusion then follows,
that by this- hrehlbition you propose to deprive
the present Terriiory, as you have deprived other
'Terriloried = aye,hrul States—of an essential por
tion of its sovereignty.. ..-. ' • •
• The Supreme qoArt of the 'United States have
-given eeitt *miner - tee toithe soverign tight of
taxation in the States, 'ln the ease of Provi- .
'donee Bank . 4 Pittman, 4 ifetcre; 514, they de
.
;- I .
.! -s
- • • ' 1 ; I-
"That the 4axi3g powerhs of vital impertance;
Mat it is essential to the e.viWrice 1. - j" Gon,ernmcnt ; -
that the relinquishment of such pOwer is never to
-be assumed -li I. j '- ' I . .
And again; lit ; ltim, e,i se -:;f* !Dobbins rs. - Crmmis.
....—...—. - -.........-, rtz,.,-, 1 ,-..i ,i. 1--.....,...40rr: " IT"- i
.1
say— ' II , I !! -: j. -
.",Taxation is a tiacredrright, essential to the
existence. 01 - govilrninentan ineident of sover
el.mtv. ' tight - The - of Itgislation is co-extensive
-, - i ,
.1 . ..
Witi;. the ineiotOt; t o attLo it , upon all -persons
arid , property: within the juriSdictien of •Ilm
State." • ',:l i i :, .
Now ' ge
I call upon' nators •to remark, that this
sacred right. Sal& to be essential to the very ex
istence of G4vei 1 shy-raged in the . bill
ti !Pent ls. .
:now before :uli. i , I
-, . . .
For mysel4 I do not donbt the power, of Con
.,. •
Con
gress-to fasten trusi restriction upon the Territo 7
• ~ i • • ,
ry, and I.fterwards.fupoo the St: te e as his..been
alWays done;;but II am atia loss to sec on what
groundsthis ~e •l'ai be plat,•swhich will not also
support the ro.obiblii9n of slavery. The - former
is an onquestionable'ipfriri7ement of sovereignty
as declared by our, upreine Court, far more than
can be asserted of the fatter.
But another - nirgnitient is pressed most falla
cious in its Character. : It is asserted, that, inas
much as the; TI-rritories : were acquired by the
coninion.treauri-,liey . iire the coMmen property
of the whole Linidn ; and. therefore, no citizen
can be preven kid. krom moving, into
-them with
his staves; ,ii, r , ittritl an ,infrigement of the equal
rights and : pprEeges which belong to hint as, a
citizen of thel•Unitid States. Bui, it is admitted
tiiiit the peliple . of !this very Territory, when Or;.
1 - aniied as i State, mayiexelude slaves, and in
• .
thiS Way, abkidge an assi4ted right founleiron
th‘,•cmanion Itoperty in the Territory. Now, if
thiS can be . dorie,liv the few thousand settlers
Who constitute) the 'State dovernment, the Whole
ari. - Mment : fotindedl on- the- acqnisition: of the Ter
ritories, hiy.'a common treasure, seems futile and
.
evaneseent..! . i
I ' 1 -
But this 4:.:ltarnent proceeds on an assumption 1
which cannot;stand: .lt, assumes - that Slavery 1
is a national iinsiitutioM and that property- in
1 slaves is .rekgniZed IT the Canstitution.of the
United State's. Nothingjenn be more false. By
the judgment of the Supreme- -Court of the Uni- ,
ted States, and al4o by the piinciples of tho com
mon law, stag ry is a local municipal institution
which deriv(lS-Its :implicit-4 . 'exclusively from local
municipal laWs, and beyond the sphere of these
laws it. Ceases to iexist, except so Gr ns it tnay
he preserved; try the claiii4e for the rendition of fu
gitives from Tabor! Madlson then:gilt it wrong to
admit into tlie Constitutionthe:idea that there
crtn;be propo:ty in man;`and Irejoiee to believe
that no suehidealcan be, found there. The Con
stittitiOn regardslslaV4 ialways-as. "persons;'
with the rights ofi"periOns,” never •as property.
When it is Said, therefore, that every citizen may
enter the national domain:With his' property, it
does not.foliow, by - apy rule of higic cr -of law,
that• 46 maf:carrY his slaves. On the c mtrary,
he can - only. cams - ,that pi.Opeity which is admit
ted to be slick hy - the universal law of nature,
Written byPod'e .own ,'finger-on the heart of
Man.
. • ; (conilled On rourrh Page.),
3 4 'Foreign News.
_
The leading fact of the news by the , Ara-
rip,
bia is the Ac .ion, of 'Austria, and the Prob
able accesSio of Prussia to the League of
the Western o!very. I That Austria has join
ed France au 'Xngland 'against Russia can
.no longer : ! be übted, sieve Napoleon ez
ptessly afßruts On his speech at the open
ing of the Er eh Legislative Body; and that
Prussia will follow suit. is highly probable
from her. Manifsf unwillingness to comply
with the ar's demands,and close her ports
to the artie.s, a i l from the permission She has
given lerlofficers in th e; 1 urkish _ service .to
remain there. ITnis" then , is equivalent to the
addition of the,Freater part, if not all of the
9ermaniOstates to the League, and leaves
the Czaritione ;to contend against, united Eu
rope. This union is obviously the true poli
cy
of all the Western Powers, for it must
greatly abhreviate the duration of the war,
which, they all dread, and free them all from
'the prepOnderance of a domineerinitieighbor
and rivat,,l'vlioni they all fear. Besides, itre
lieves thini at least'in a great measure; from
inimediate ,danger .of ' revolutionary . consul
:vulsion nthorrip, which otherwise as a mat
ter of neeessitri must be dreaded by Austria
' - especially if on i l the Russian side, as, a :part of
- the hostile policy of die allies. Her
,joining
the tatter puts entirely a new face upon thl
:whole itiestion. It renders, the humiliation
1 of Biqa a more , pertain, and at the
,same time, ale ost assures us( Of the final down
' fall. of trig Qttpumn pitWer in Europe; for her
dissolve:loh ponnot be long pr.mpow. , l after
'lbozoneltision!of the .War.. .
t
I
.., it
THE LARGESVCIRCII:VATION;IN NORTHEHIT pElfll . k.
fl
E. 13. CJI SE &VIM DAY, tis,
Iltiout#vse, March. 10, 1L 4.
• •
,vatic Ilonititattou.
IF o rOlveruor, -
, Vff.LLliit4 BIGLER, -
cit cotNTT.
• • .
For.lriflite of Supreme Court,
JEILEMIA:SI 8. BLACX,
OF sQu9nOr.r COUNTY. 1
For',Caunt comm issi one r,
HENR 4 2S MOTTI
or NKr. COUNTY.
,-......; ----„ •
Film !N 1 .1.3R00ki.Y.N.4-AV e learn- thata the
dwelling h
use of it Tiilliarci Sterling; in
BroOkly i t tqwwillipitl . iiseottpty,wal consumed
by tire on Tieschiyflar,t.. The firelmiginateti
front a stofr, arOnn4pA:licit were . A : q uantity
of shad Tie* Tll4 jai.orrio'inura . nee up-,
In Ole bu' m.
ilain li . P. • • .;
.1. .., 2_ l .- ...:-... -_
1
r The - WhigiSAPO Convetafott ; which
assejAbledAt Har4stitifg *on the 115t1i'
nominated on. ,nines Polleek,fof:S'orth
utnivihinct bovertior;i Geo. Par
sie for Cat Lil Cottilik4ner ;
R f.J 1 • , • •
u( p i p 4pretne Co at.
- 1111.3..-" A
An.f
.ku. JAILER, mother'of Will
iatul Goy° rito of Pennsylvania; and
John Ctici-ein . . .tif California, died -at
her residence in tiercer county, lon' Friday
the !17t11 about Serentyl - years.
I • •
• r t .'
Ogu
r. the NebrasVia was
intrOdticed into Ithi , t NVll‘. ;announced
,
without egtiivolitipit that we should' oppose !
it t the. hist, and 'that; as soon ns we could
• i t
get time, etirtsistentlt wtth other duties which
eve eould riot postflope.hv,.; - - should lay before
our!reade4slthe rea . ins . 'Why iee .1 it.
•
Tha l t pron)ise we fOlfilleii, and foifi‘e w ee ks
- -I
past, with; but .a fliugle exception, we have I,
written aiter eolittnn
in pi,position to that oppo..
•
sttton - on What seeini.sd fo.us the true e , round
for ;Northern DentiieratS"to staud:! Any per
son ,who lip read 'inir paper niust.4:.now thi
• fi
to hare. tlefn se, and • IloN4 anybody;
with this -faCt presist in thl
them,;
can
tkat . we'illte, - ; or have been fat•oru
i
ide io the; bill, exe%e'ds . ;:iur eonlpre l hension.—
And yet, ive have,nriderstood that men have
not i l beenWantin.4 •f who for seinc purpese, j ,
•?
hest knoWtn to theniselV.es, - have persisted in it
the '..lander tltat pr, , s-s-haS
!, • • • ,
'by somebody to adv!ocate fhe 13111, dud thatJi
it has beer) advoc4ting its passage ever since
its introdflation.. hazard nothinc.
inaicy c&litinii - s."s,..viiiii.cf - tlns Bill as our-co-1
•
ttuiporary, pie Rofiisfut, has st,il);'
, •
we . 'are said to hate, been int iTivis'ed to sup-)
port 'the I'llll.- . )Vi:ilisp:drinakip.: - :: . thos.;who!
reiterate fooliAt charges unilet-.-Itaral
•
for ;theyle'ither eadaot iread, do apt yead, or
assert.whati they to lie Wilfal
-I •
hoods. - T . ••
We .hale seen liqrclon. for des - ertin?,- the.i
-Dnocratie party! Or its principles 1. - . , , oppo , e i
thiS.BiA.; We lx 4,- ; 't joined in tiO .:i.bolition:l
~. • ,1
savogs, nor shall.* jdin them. The Dean _i- I
oc rati c party - at .. Bal din ore , . pled!keti-jtself to,';
stand by the'Cofriiolnis,•?: cif 185 ii , aild n.-,-ist:::
any further agitat;cin - Of theiSlavitry qUestion.•.,
We. regard the •N'y. — brailia.Plll ,as I.iliteetlyop - :: - '
'hosed tol.he . Compromise. of 1830 anl a re-;
neyal ,ofl the Slat..y . agitation e. and.; ns a': . ,
deitocratt. standin4 lin good filitiv . „l,y, the par- ,
ty ;and it's ploddefi,lwe' l therefore oppose the, •
Bill, and call •uii`mi . :. , ,l1 good Pemoerats to
stand hy us. We till oi oppose the Bill as . :1
i
bold and tinwarrantalAe. attempt to annul a'...,1
-.... \ . 1 ,
solemn compactirof the•country, iand ifrkm a
lar g e tet4•itory.t4 the -
inducemit , nts of Sia-t
verv.-
m . ' 1 ',i , i I i . . •
in : tiolatiOn :of :sacred national - faitl
- i i
...
If this.. gteat wrix4 - shall be •arreited, it rousi
be:done by the !Peinoeratic party, l 'by resis4l
tinc: its PasAagell•A; obedience td its pledfei I
at Paitirnore, and not by firing an •abolition i
tirade attlie bro4dSide of the ` Capitol.' Let
IN'; Deniocratic' pa*ty ',of the N'lrth, and the 1
deinocr4ie - prOi. :iaf the .North; demand of i
their 110presentatiies to • prove Erne - to the
; .i
platform: of tittbe:party.Raltin]ore, and"resist
•., - • ' I , ,
this"attcmpt at fiirt;heragitation
.9f the Slaverl
qUestion:in Congress,' ; ] and therelis an ,end - tO
the Bill./ This hi the position th,L North must
w
.take, if lit
. oul4 .iactiamplish a ything,. for
1 1
then we.'ihareapoWerand a .str ngth to iely•
upon. ' This is.tll6, poSitioaive t4ke, and Al.;-
olitionist may thunder and denclunco till the,'
day-of doom atid;:weislall note be ?swerved
, • ,c r- ;
from it. ii, We ufidirstand our duy-t#etter,and
1 • , - .
we unddrstand ; too. *ph the fatal consequen
ces of their policy ; toll_ the cause - they advd
cate, ever .to gel tPixed up with their fanati
cism. The DeinOcraey of thet north—the
Men of the nor-t i ll- -mustgo to work, go to
I
work Coolly, .and with • detennitiation, Stan
ding firmly by pail ol4igations of their partY
and the Missouri roliipromise . Will not . SoOn
be repealed. I• I il - ' ''' '
7 l' Thc , :l4biuska Iliiiii.',. I.
- 1
The .Nebraska:till received a! severe ' blow
in the Souse oil Tu . ay la.st,' Which is 'Con
sidered iequivalini . to a defeat It was re
parted from thii Co mmi ttee on Territories by
C.ol. liiChardson of linois, with a recorn
i
niendation for its pa ge; whey', Mt. butting
of N. X. City, rnoed i reference to . a Com
mittee of the \role *cruse •on the State of
the Union. • iris Was . objectod to by 019
friends '<if the bill is equivalent to a defeat;
i s
but !hi) Hous4 ordered: the' reference byl a
vote of`llo to r.
- ..; .. ; ♦ ‘ ve.o..e. . I I
! no lit Illouesdale. .
, • 1 i ,
Another terrible fire occarrel idElonesdide
On the i 13th itsi. The Houe r sdale Herald
tays, "fur toiough was again Ivisiied_ by fire
last MOndayMorning; (the se4 , nd :which has
ki• ' 4 '
occurred the pTe*ltt winter,) and ;before the
flamesicould be 4uelleari, eight buildings and.
a, large"amount cif property were consumed."
It is siipposedAotl)e the Workl an incendia
ry. The Tlwil Colmcil hae . .offered'a Te
ward of ssoo.,ifoi : the lappreh9mon and cinn,
tictiolt of theietsen ior penenit who App*
thetotch..
The , , . Gr ea t , ~ - • ~.
CetebiAtiou, to Phila.
delplo6. !
. •
i The Philadelphia pagers last-1 w ee k ;e:were
- i ..
NI of the proceeding of , the Ceichrathin, in
• l
that - city, of the passage' by. theitegislature
1 • -
oi.the Bill censolidating the city proper an d
the several' mutriCipal,.. Piitricts into one city.
;The GO -err - tor, 11c ads 'O f;; Departments. and
- Members' of flui. Legisliittire were 'pre-sent as ,
! :
!quests.
,' The Celebrate tr:Cousisted\ of a grand
,
litleasure excnrsion on 4 fire' stearn l er, - .trmm-;
phal precessions, a grand Ball at the Chine :
• Mansion, :httentled -I.,tYaliout: ~gOO - person.,
- ,
1 . -isit.J to the various. tittnlici Instr i tation.s, the
illutninatic , n of the, eiti-, Closing Will .l ingrtind-
;• , -
Panquet, S'prechcs
s ect:. Of 4 latter the
Voith. American sly:,..—
i ; • .. 1
: " how farthe festivities which love :taken
::. •
plaCe'realtN . ed the ends -,; . they cii ,• itteinOitc•cl,
:May be inferred from 'the, report of. speeches
: jnade: by Governot Girl thel . Si) e al,:e . r of
the lionse,.at the batitittit oniS'itturday eve
ning.. :The sentiments:they tittcr'id Were thous
entertained by all fe;riwlioin they spoke, and
' breathe, nt' - )1 only a walla sense; of pthie - in•
the Magnificent comniereial capital of }Penn
' iwlvairia, but an 'earites'C desire capital
.cultivate
-, • .
'lt nd 'establish • that fraternal • 'Pinpritly . .be-,
tweed it and the State, Whieh. their Mutual
!rel ati Otis and interests so Stronglyireeoramend:
iWe truSt that the expK 4 Ssion . 01..these', feel
Midi . ...
...
ings opinioirs, emanating, Osilier. dal,
4•rorn al source- so justly, entitled .to .respect,
;mat - be Wine by the press to everyeitiz - en of
Alte7C"oinnionweattli, and 'in order that they
:rimObtain se - Wide a Circuit - 16in, We.hope
.
:that the proprietors 'of , every 'Pennsylvania
neWsPtiper- will publish in their celuntlis'these
;Speeeltes - dclivered at the banquet - - .
1. • .
In accordance with the tyishlexpressed by:
- .
:our cotemporary we give below itherepOrt of
i• . .
the. t.w): speeches referred- to, arid - r(fgret that
we hate notspace to publish alto the speeelt
'es of lion. Geo. M. Dallas,' Judge I wls of
~ • ' o i -,
the Supreme C'elirt,.l - lon. Jam.is Cooper - .
,f
the 1.7.i6. Senate, lion. flit:hard ilush.forme:-
Iy Minister to non. Mr. :Nltitlinw, the
Trance,
i
liriti - sh.ConSul at l'hiladelpltia,l Judge r 0,,..
rad, and otheriilistittimishel me:U. - of the - day
,
who Wer,i.prci-ent, but they would mole than'
till our, paper. - ' . - i .. -.
Atlqr the - cloth - bad: been -reinoYc i i, the
, .
Chair Man, Mr..Me - Nlichael, rose and prfq.tosed
:
a toast to "the State of Pennsylvattia'.'r :
Nine('beerswere serertiven for . the t30y
.,, 1.. • ' i
crnor oft the . ....state of I'ennsylvpihnj when.
that gentleman aroseiuntl sti o kd as 'l(. l ,llows.:'
Mr.d.'reSident and Gentlemen It hits been,
assie•ial 1:6 - me as a Otit • and I ••=itaii , iv re
„4',' •! ”; '
-.; . . • ,
: 2:ant 4 as an honor ano., pleasure, to respond'
to the' sentiment jUst ..rt:;;td- Folll? . r..>trvt,
that a sLintiment suggeS'tiye,of siteityast ideas
had nOt been eoutided fig abler' baud,.'--- It. i's• a noble attribute of the Mind that
• c,-nableS man to contenti , late, the. -realities of
the p,.st and the visions of thellitiire in the
f.:l - illl: "scene. It is in the exercise , of this Go
d, like faculty that the men ;of
the . pre4eut.gen
i oration can see Pennsylvania arid her metrop
olis as they were 'centuries ago,r, as they. are
!I - hand . - they now, as, taare to be in the. mysterious
, . -.
; 1 tutiov. \ . ..
~.
:1 itt..,tory, that : faithful i_-,,, : t r . R if,..1._,L0.,,•„...„. i t,„ l
it- were; tells tne,story ~,r tb7., rise - :.1114,1 fit rr - •.`,l . — rtn- - •
i r"1 .....''ti have ch , - It •• file -.-
1 tonsal.l. tt.n.s tat
.„,, nt.,„ t . is \•is
ta through which the great drama of the past
is prdsciirred to our I . l('Nt': jt: iSlthllS that We
cf the prjstlit, day are, nailed licont(implate
tilt ! "n eels of lanai”
en.ironed by, the S.elutyl
kill and the I..)einv.-ire,i,:is a wilderness—the
hour, of ;he red
,titan,; then the lord of the
m-est.,rn flreSt; that else learn of the move
mewls of a leatni of l;ritish pioneer.- who
lirav l .. - d the dangers, of i the ocean in a frail
ban - 1110.in quo,,t orufriie - boini , in . the Wes
tern Hemisphere—of the . tri‘fis, . sniiritnis
and dual extinction.
,It is..itt l i this way that
we arc iiia,le familiar Birk" thei Career of the
iilustrimis lion',. the founder I of' our great
Ct , nri.nonweahli, andliernietropolis';;.. how he ,
.janded near. this spot--:--how he toolt - !possess
ion. t f the country—of his lait i ts • and -feat's,
hi s pr a y ers min i his di,appointi.i.,uts; ,- how be
'exe.i(l•isctl an intitienee, 'almost 1 superhuman,
overthe savage heart ; how be, treated with
the natives beneath the branches of the ven
erable ellit;• bow, he parelta.r4l.theirland and
howilie ineasiired it; how in 1682, -.lie lona
'd,-...,3 i'ennsylviutia in "dt.,,,1/ of Pierce,' } and 511'
the 4ainei yearshaped . Philadelphialor a city
and gave 'her politioali existence by charter
'in 1 . 701 . ; how reltn;taatly tbere‘i r man yiel
ded-inn his vast. possessiOns, :mil how g,ratle
ally :they gave. way „before thtl ideNS•itable'in
idle rice of - manif•itstiny .". rind; in
- ,
. , • , short,
how'the 'great - work . i
of .clvilUation, in our
Coirtnonwealth'watt.'begun. •
~! ':: ' '• . '
T to history of the primitive} days of Phil:
1 )
add 'Ma is rich in incident and facts of the
liveliest interest to her present' inhabitants,.
but: . can only allude to such as are illustra
tive;of her marvellou - Sgrowth,l .i - Vor instance
the idea that within atentury:l6l time "drck
potilisAand fishing, pools "• were ifOund between
the State Mouse. and Walnut, -e f tieet, is a "fact
• aim*st incredible; nor are wo!nkre ready to 1
' realize the truth ; that : it- I : 7'i . f --I-three fp:4-
ters [of a century ago:—Lard . C ornwallis, - the I
't British commander, throitz4..4l3 , f,.ulsorainate„l
took: the: •sensus, of PliiiadeliAria.• We tire 1
, r i ,
more:aptto remember, that ' the. sUbsequent '
3'' perted,'.this same
~, g entlentrie h.fid the..polite
t)- ness' to present a Sword to- n ,
Geiieral,Washin
i
le ''tong and that the old State ,
IF,ENV.C—th6 ven
e4 crated State house, still standing :in primi
nal tiye, modesty—was the birth :place'of•Amer
. lean, independence. God blesa the4tot. It
' a : - should' be corainemorted by ti monument as
yd- high us the highest of out: hills. .(Great,ap 7
ate- planse.) - , I
,ti l l • Again, we learn bk Watsonis, annals that,
only• ea years ago, a citizen who had erected'
tt
1 a dwellin g in Market
. street (West of'Sixtb,.
ta9
was regarded.by Philadelphians as eccentric
art if net:unsocial, becan - se he had fixed his resi
sec deuce so far. west Of civilization I . (Cheers and
laughter.). The same history informs us that
• in 1800 the north side of Cheput „street, be-.,
.tweenEiftli and S:xth, fae,ing tho State Ilonse '
bl , contained but two F . mall- buildings, and that,"
......
c; the whole scene in that vicin,ity, at the per I
as
. iirid named, wore a country k t spect, the pie
'
ies.
rice "walnut tree" 'still distinguishing the
whereabouts.of - the eapital,-hor• had- brick I
ec p :,...1
atiemnts, at that time; ', been permitted to
!M....
'interrupt the . growthVof priMit.l vegetation:
,(• The. ground .between 'Sixth me
Seventh
tin -street, South of.ClieSuut,.was i a grass mead
b, ow;-inclosed by aboard fence:: The adjoin-.
ing. square westward, was faMiliarly: known.
di us Norris's parlor lot.; and I doubt not my
:13 venerable friend, on ; the left illon, 13..ichatd.
...
Rtiih,)still,reniembers it-in that ennditiOn.—
The space klmeen Seventh alid Eight streets,
on: the north side of Chesnut vas' used . for a
.01 like purpose.- : As late as i80q.,. says Watson . ;
,•
so few persons had enclosed ,their loth, that
id Walnut, Spruce and Pine streets -
.could not
rI be,,traced by' the:eye west of Elioad.. - 'lit was
necessary to find theni on 44..! paper drafts." .: ,
ie I have perused, Avitk the liveliest interest, a
di docuthet* issued
.bY -membeth: of 4 - certain
or religiousl - congregation, - aboirt• that period,
t i protOttug against ; having thev church : placed
Efi SO far oust in. the
_country RS: Seventh street!
I could-give nutuy„other inci ant*, b t •tIP •
. u • csx...
• •
c't will
l suflVce for my ii . urpo , ..se. ;
.hose efforts to
I keep )1i ..
I.toro, , ss re: now per kive,,, r iverc un
-. .i.availino ''•' •
- , . :-... 1 - T '
- .o'Westward thci h6i'. of empire t i alces.itsl*ny,'"
and "manifest cletittY' has Ion; since forced .
-the unwilling denizens of the city as f;tr. west l
as the banks of the Schuylkill. .But ihois 1
;changed, the it l for -reeentlj,' the t
oldt,ity, -like thd, rod of Aaron, has _my:Mowed
up fali the other ',districts and the surrounding
country. (Applanso
-I
In 1-810 - thalpophlation of Ph dadelplna.
viaS 00,000, atu. yOt., uI, 1d 1820 she wad ,
14Irge'At reify on the continent. About.
that period it- wits that her giant rival; of the
-Erriptre State tr* - 11: the •lend. "This advance
New York has inaintaitted ever since, in ceind
more: nail trad*, molvey and enterprise ; ,
, Philadelphia, tt,4-1.. ; bktlieve, !still excelling in'
:the number of her ihreitings, -in real natural
growth, and ino,st certainly in the general .
liappiness of het; IWople.
.(Loud a - 11 ,1 11. 0,, e 4
gentlennat i i.l have thus far been,
.
spittliing of °kb Philadelphia, %vas; :lc;
to :the New Philadelf)hin as she is, augmen
ted by, her recent mighty accession; I am not
prepareiTto adihit that, in an aggregation of
tin elements r 411(1 . Einalitie.s of a great and
1 happy eity,-shelis i second to any in the
ion. She:is no loht,cr 'Wanting in enterprise;
and ram smeller territorial snfliciency -will
not 'be .doubted.- 'lAlth,an area of 7606
acres, inhabited by Icrver' a' half of
. . .
industrious; eater 7 prising, and patrietie citi
zens.,-frith lal4 rich variety of industrial.pur , -
suits"--her high attaininenits in the ineelmic
.arts.with a sidiitieat . channel for - I foreign
commerce=—wilit" . .a - saftt harbor,..• and an *nu
. ,
<paned extent nfwharrage- 7 -with one, iron
miry_ alr l eady ekt6nded: to the waters of the
Ohio, and the eff'ort's she is,making to extend
a similar liMb . to
. the lakti:i to gather - in . .the:
rili.frititS Oft* hoUndlesS Wea_erijoVing,
an unbleutisled reputation for cOMinercial
.
andlinaneitd, Integrity, who can dotil,t her,
luiiire triuni' hi s . --..' ", , I as sl 1 ‘. I •
p / .a5..n... , ,. le waili.., .),
..
the fraternal : sympathy Of the entire . State ?
For, whatever 4f prejudice may. have,, hereto
fore existed between the country and city, I
aa• m ree with- mvlesteeinei friend, the - President
uti the Committee; that. in interests and feel-
inn- Philadelphia and 'Pennsylvania are One
V. i
and. indivisilyle. .(Immene cheering.) In- 1
tereourse, - tfle ? , reatest corrective of error and. ,
; n:,judiee, ln s tioneltl work, am;theLquits of .
this o:!casiclii, I am Confident: will b'eMmitual
friendship indfrateritity from one eXtreme of
the State to the other. (Cheers.) 1 .-; . •
eut,:gentlemen, ft' i 4 not - commerce 'and ,
trade, population and wealth . alon.e that Must
be placed 'in. the - scale . when thd aggregate. ~
merits of a nation Or citvfare tv be rticertain-.:,
ed.' • The b(J( * iql aniV moral coitilithM of the!
people is a fae.mightier and nobler ttozisiderl
atioti. It is not at Much. the • opulence of a 1
. - ,
city as the happy condition of the mass °fits'
inhabitants that reflects its- true glory, `Thief'
largest share Hi :individual comfort.„ the!;,- . ,
areatest measure of intelleetual deveropetnent 1
• -1
the'; dt - !gree: of and :moral
dignhy, shouhne the standard by whiCh well
1 „test the greatness Of a city. And it is in this'll
i .r,,gard that Phi ktdelphia stands r.c.-httivel Ni l 4 1
,
. ,
hest 'and is. most to-he admired. From her 1
earliest days her poor hare suffered IlesS than
inmost of the large cities. They ,'hare, aril
least.,:lt.'ad hotkes to liye iii, and not beeng
stowed awav: i n cellars: and g,airets. as id PAI
ris and Lomidti, and, to s.ome extent,in Neu : !
Veal:. Iltrinimity and bette6lenee have herd
tief,distinguishing elraracteristieS. Iler hosi
;tints for the ',siekL--ItersuaelQus_ai . AbAras i c
, . , . 6.--,-, cttri 1. a tt. si t ..., 11 , _. ---fs Ct r . i 1
home for .Irtetille. - -s eltildi•en—her }humane!'
• il
as,sOciations tO . relieve. the animal neeessitiAl,
of the destitute---,her infirmaties. for the re 4
lief Of the hell)less—lier schools for the blind
the deaf-011e dumb, ilfe imbecile and the id/
lie-,-her - Ilorti-.6 of Refuge. to reclaim vagran
or erring 4 411 tli,.. with- a -humired lor inor,‘ •
charitable associations rise up as se : Mani
witnesses to .testify that she has not -been
deaf.tOthe.4niands of suffering htithanitv.
(Clieers) ,iller 9.5tt churches and liei-mutnet',
, f• •
opts ~ , olleties : to dissentinatb . the
.Gospel to
h ' et,ll4. lan.b!.., evhice that she has' tint .6..j,..,41.
tetiq'triat righteousta4S" . which exalt.th a•na
tion. Fier institutions' :are beacon lights. to
guide her in lieliatli Of-dutv„ -and . 4l.low her
the way to true glory: (Intineme elieerin(l) .
Item §o public schoolS, her Col leges. 4 l her ay.:id
einies, her scinitiarics, her 'imiversitY, her al
most-coon:leis number of literary al . isociatior s
and niceltaniii , institutes, attestler l apprce4-
tion of the Ouse:: of education, the great 14
era,ge by w'hi't. mankind are elevated in tit.
sale, of ciitiiation and christianity+-
(Che e rs.) • :.' -,'.- . 1 -
Sm It, felli - Keitizens, are the distit.muisli
ing characte_tisticS. of thiS near and flouriA
nn-
i city '" an it, : is benefitt in.,:, o' that we should
ss - t , l,
mingle oilycpngiatulatiorts on the 4011SUI11-
I fipaiioll 01 4 1) ple:i*iire so well designed: to give
her a fresh ig - ipettrs.-in'hergrowth, and to add
I- t brighter lt.-mtre'to her fane. The.agency' I
had in this 4orkollow me to 'say, was . ali-
bor. Of lore. I I . .waS prepared. for it, and there
is somethingsignificant in the circutristan4 - ?sr'
which surrolinded, its : consinnation,. •for!.l.
stN the bill in the north western extrenii . -
ty of the St4e;in \ the eity . of Erie, as though
it were - to be' in.future a covenant of niut4l
confidence, rind protection between the ei- -
treints of otti - Coihmon Weil I th- r or tyPioar,bf.
a dotiersis't..4ly affection between •the', , cities
of Erie aiiit Philadelphia; and'-such Y trtist.
it
,may provd, to 'he. '
.(Applause.) . '- :1 1
~.
-I congratt'ilate yert, therefore, Philadelphi
ans-,- on the auspicious circuthstances - undies
ishich the_ con_ idated - city commenees her
career—on - ;tlie brilliant promises Preselitt4l
for her future. ' God and nature have bled
i - •
her-With abundant : means of prosperity, acid
it is only net that -her present lOtabi
tants:use the ordinary inean'S of. induStry and
enterprise to' give her the position sl4 . once
occupied of ;be greatest city on the conitmeht.
Although in,the race for commerce and trade.
? Ate maV.poisibit come out second. bet; yet n
in .all the
. hi2,gher purposes of
. civilizatiptt,!l I
confidently predict'll.er.triiimpli" ThcPrinci-•
pies of benoelence 'and charity,: interwoven,
as . they
. have been with her WholehistOry like
threads- of gold,' will never lie permitted 1' to
i. lose their }bistro.. Like it rainbow of .. .promise
Ito sufferinglitinffiity, they W,lll stand. over
and above - All her-Other eh a rac tere.; ties:. i (Gieat
cheering.) i -- . . ' •
• FellOw c4ize,us=-I must ask. your ;'-indirl- .
itence'ivhild hitter a sentiment or two s
.. . 1
'tut State-Hour native' home. , And how shall
texpress We Of - pride ' and deli6lit
11 - Illicit the fiord Pennsylvania excites II: 1-tow .s'peak of t 4 phrt. she has . taken in richiequg .
.:the libeitieS 'of the . - c.orintry-L-4ri cherishingl
;the bonds 4t• ourliational confederacy-h-mthe
great4orki - tif formiltg the Amerietin - ehafile,••
'ter-1 . Neitlter the tune nor the' occasion livill-
Atariant ill'e..task,and I shalt leave . each tell; Itifi
own refleetion. 1. aril, however, •con*trfried,
lO:inettiiie,.L . '- .. -. 1 ' ~.'- l' .
. Livcs.:theie a Ppnasylvaitian With sotifs , O4id,
Wile nev4 to iiiniself h4lt said 4-. . - .:
' - This IS'inSr own : ;my native land? •. 1 . '"i '•
'. ~ .
. ..
If thern,i,be siteli4 -. With them I have'.lne !fel
low-A1p...L.. - --- ' '• .:':.: . • . "1 '', l ' -
- ei -
• ‘l'Lihniylitania it iS.almbst useless t say, is
.
richitr:th eien*nts of n•great and prosper 7 -„
ous GoimillotiWealth: She is rich in . the ,'Vn- , .
rietv 'tin + t .,in''the.eattUstlos reSoUrces'..:6l.!lher
mineral apAits T 4-in,lrer (pal, "her irO•trlter.
copper, bet zinc ; and othen a less . pre(19 11 . 5 - 1, f•
.pa..;its, iShe . iit ,rich, : and . yearly- . Weoutt ng
richer, in her aglic,iiltitie land • ninni4 4 '..ietures
—in all the industrial puruits, known , to lour
-cotititii4-in., her - railroads ... and canalsatidj in
43voij.,..,elettie4:priiwperity. Iler gr4wtilli . q
at .this tivf.i'is'ilirogresSincr. with the- . titin -tit'
..
youth:" AS 'tin et';idenco; let nie - remind you
that he • percentage of increased .population
1 ,
since:l 401 exceeds any - other, Atlantic, or.old
S .
tate: She has also; excelled: in production
of when ,- of COM, of iron, and is many of
•itianufa •tures. ) . How ishehasbrOtten from the
moorings that-once bound her in a quiet and
dull .pot is most•strikingly itiustrated in the
last ant tar inessage'of- Simon Snyder; rind
all that I am a gofg to say Of this period will.
Abe familiar to the listinguished gentleman on
my rig!' t.(11r:• , liallas) ; and him:, on
,rny .left
:,(Str.•.R . X11). - • That patriot . statesmen "cone
, )•ratula t•d the legislature ad the people :on
'lt. le lac that a bridge had been erected over
.!the,Stisiielianii: river "•• , --that a '' turnpike ~
,road w:s winding its way toWardilittsburg, •
I 4, tlien ,:t flourishing . viliage w ±that a : similar
Iventro was - -being constructed' towardi the
. .N;
orth. . And the__ way of flattering, the
li
tnejliats, The fact is stated that the - bridge
,i over th ; river had beeri,Coni inencett and - com 7
;. Octet . ' i 6 the space of three year ! • (Laughter,
y
I L I: need not Make. the centrist 'between the , ..
1, condition of tlie . State at -that • Period: and the
i present. - He is dull indeed Who ie.-riot deeply
impresr - with the amazing • 'change. -1 - The
, ntost v, vid imagination •iii the days-of Snyder
1 . would have foiled - to paint the realities of .11354, :,-
(Appl-. u - se.)#, - ,- ~ •. • •• .
. .
On he eoinptetion of - :the, i broad 'Wheeled
wagon - - 7 =stpersetling; the' :n4e_ ,of the pritii:
horse i - the' htisiness lot:tranqiortation., I do
not know • whether any of themerchatai here -
•pies.en .haye 'wittnessed- the loacting of
.Pack
horses- for the west, but I dol . know• that
. Ithere
are ni:Oy . who . Lave had a Land' - in loading
the brad-wheeled wagons. After these came'
' mild boat, and that fhe iron': horie.. - Vhat
is to opine next I stilt!' not dare to• predict . ;
but `l. tand prepared to ghee countenanOe• to .
anything that imagination can deScribe'is
,a
- fliture; work fer the inventive' genius • of te
"universal Yankee .ICation. c '.. (Laughter)
- Per tisvlvania,
.1 sincerely believe, never saw
, a bri liter peried than 'the present ;,•nev,
j
er en . yed a higher degree - of prosperity, or a le
larger share . of the confidence of the• world;
;net strd ligher in the scale of moral; inlet;
I !
leatua and la tical Ognity . . • ...And . f say. this
'; (ientlemen, inne t yain spirit of -boasting, `.but .
(siiiiiilt- as a truth. Ido - not min to say that '.
her w i irk as a sovereignStatelais been corn
pleted—that - there ate no social or -political
defects iii her condition -nor - by any Means id
intimate that the great work of elevating' the' -
3.1),y education has attained perfection.
.tinuch has been. accomplished that is - -4
able and useful, there is still a 'mighty
before she- will ' read( the 'altitude i- .
st the other paivers.of the earth that God
":ittire• have manifestly marked Out . for
That. her future Will, eqtal the 'most
sangifinc expectations,' I . cin. see no reaSon to •
'don .• • T' at she with' grow gre at er, better,
wiser, happier, as she becomes' older, . is
• ,
.My „
'll.belief mud : prayer. (Piorehgc-d applause.): -
il Af et the Governor sat-down, the 'orches:,
trail) paved some excelent music. . •
1
ITilt...Chairman then rose a . nd..said,
l• ' .1 •we of Philadelphia have been. - indebted I .
to t i le Governor for the readiness with whirl ••: •
he Signed our Consolidation lilt; how retch
niore are we indebted to the Legidature for the:.
read' less and nbatiiiiiityi with-
,Whieh they ,
passcid the bill! I havp./si.i .... r ... 7 -1..- -L•e• - . -
"The Legislature` of
pyipost".: or proposing. - .
• .
.• . -
Tem svlv:inia,” in which_ - you will, , I kno,.
1\
bonoll
work
'llo[l I _,l
and_'
Irer.
G.
Leg . •
itths
and
out
._:-,-. •
.. .-- . •
.• ,
flamed, as it cannotbeexpected that the -
ilature . hould cheer themselve* :ive •eiti- •
must perform that ceremony for; them,:
et us show, in reference_ .to Them, that ::
X the abtindance of the heart the mouth
-:e-th; and how handsomely we- can, cheer r,
•
such an occasion.. :- - : i • . i.
• • - -
I:,.mgedand hearty cheers were 1 i hen given .:
the • Legislature of ,Pennsylvania," after.
-.11 Mr. Chase,
,Speaker of the. House of :
r rs esentatives, fcse and said • • 1' •'' • _ -
tizens Of Philadelphia-0 ' behalf of The; • '
I t
&he of. the Lezislature,.l espond to your • '
menl: and greet you well. - This :to us is _
ppv foaling, a day Of gladness and: an_
• of rejoicina=. • Wellave cerne:to hearth
fi• s.••-,of• generous hospitality--strangers, per- '
ce in-all but\ those noble sympathies and
'moil relations which ever • have existed as : :
-acteriitics_ of Pennsylvatia i rs sons. With ..
its profoundly affected with such emotions
suchimpulses, we• greet you here as brte
is; and embrace tlisse passing:moments-to
ler you•'• a• lieartful good -- will. . (-yip- -
.'
se.). , --- ":- ,- :• • "..-*- ...
,Ihe:constitnency - of • this klet common- .
weai th, whose
,representatives • we have the
honor to be; greet you all. : Hither •in their . •-:
nanlite, hither we have come to stand beside
" the cradle-Of American independence;" but
how changed the scene since that plait wh , „n t ,.•
the hell from_yondef.dome tolled out itsibuid
.•
tonred peal, proclaiming "liberti .td-.the`
,i.t
Cal- five and freedoni -to the inhabitants Of the
ear h." To have been aptly styled .".Theem- I
illfof Liberty," to_ haVe..,been" the theatre
within which the,soletntt arid mometitoukacts
Oft6' •wereperforrned, might be thesufficient :- :
glo yOf this the proud_ 'metropolis :of. Penn-.
svltania. If: naught else existed: here to
. .fix ,
the, hearts_ of the people of these States: to your
altars and your household gods, this, anllthic•
aloite, shnuld ;be . sufficient to •embaltn . the
"Clue of Brotherly Love," in the affeeti&ts of
ey.efry American patriot. for all time to .-tome :
and stamp -.upon -it • the : name of halkowed I
. OTOUntl.: Either come ,the warm praYeitt
_of
uti lions as the Mecca of their earthly. devo- '
tic s. Around this lovely city clustei the
for dest reminiscences of allthathasbeenigreat
an good, and-pure. in American republican=
ism .' -: (Applause.).. ~ : - ': ' :•'-'. •• _ I . .
• Honored . Philadelphia!, honored in the' . l
Character
.of Your illustrious founder.;, honor-'
- 'eel hy deed•of peace and deeds of Way, :and
• ‘ thribe honeyed as being elic,!s.enorGod to re-::
„-,cetve the angel-born offspring ofliberty -from'
'the arms of J efferson, breathed upon and bleit
b3I The pravers of Washington, HancOck, and
,A.atm.?. . - -.'res,•-Philadelphia, we, lovri thee .
w 111,.. The tnentieti of th'y nairiecakthepu:',.
i
re t motiOns of patriotic- pride. :Otirs lit iSto -
91 im the proud honor , of . citizenship •W the
:late, which poilits. , to
d yci. ;Usher. o,etropolis,
Urd ours shall be the strong. arm teal shall
, (iii'llrd and protect vou:••• • • 1 • •
I. 13 u t 'mots alone: for the Memories ,of . the past
1 do's we honor :Philadelphia:.
••• Iler - vast.t , elth,
! - 7 1.119 merited.reward'ef, the enterpri - and,
it of her peOple, 7 --her , liying imonu-
n.enta of Commercial distinction„-leersehool •,,
•a• - t'd Colleges,. intlicatiVe - of her rapid..aovaPee
in' science; literatUre, and the ,arts r andler ea
,paeity, to enlighten ,and blesS•ilaklNVOOd; for
:thie.: , tocidO.'w.e honer her, while on her all
s+lftlfPhilittitittopy, exhibited:•l4 - --
her Weer
. oils inStitutions,for the ainelioratiati• of titoe..
,:(loonied tomisfortune . atia MiSe ry, , ,, we• Chal''
inc the•Woild to gaze, and . admire. • • •
Citizens yoit hive us - your ,guests to. thy
: ii cOmniemoration:of.nii event -)n,,, libie , 25 ,
:Representatives of the Commonwealth, we se•
.tied apart. A few wt-eks-since, and your a
t,, .proper was embtacedwithin , narrow limits ! '
-- te, itiblith: 1.0. ) 11 long
rk . the space assigned
~ .
__, g, , .
~ , f. b .r.s Biro you strusglediti vain to;burst We
fet,ters_east.uPon; its. i ' ancy......tou called:
ri i i'
Mewl, and we respontle( to yonr call, bYtelf - :
iln . 6-:::is:utidei its swaddling, clothes, and bring”
. r : ,..
forth, .- ,
in i you in a day -to-. the gaze Of ths'•
' l- the largest, t .',., of 1 1 )0'
it' 4..0 - t.te.inos I •_,
4,e.lll.eities on the•glebe.: - Tlitel, you arc If -
• : :y . : and - Utile,' We h`ail you. itei t.l , as the kwetr ,
efl.hride•of soul. cominonve:4l"• , .loved,.llT.
04 and _blest, ivltileWe earnestly involcia tr.°
• fairer. Of, the Ruler :orall litimati events, to rest,
4 - lea
upo
Prof
for '
SI as.
Rep